Battery pack and power tool system

Abstract

The application provides a battery pack and a power tool system. The battery pack comprises: a shell; a battery cell group arranged in the shell; a first interface arranged on the shell and used for connecting with the power tool; a second interface arranged on the shell and independent of the first interface, the second interface being used at least for charging the battery cell group, the second interface and the battery cell group having a charging loop therebetween; and a mechanical switch arranged in series in the charging loop, the mechanical switch comprising a movable member capable of moving relative to the shell; wherein the movable member is configured to be pushed by a trigger member of the power tool when the battery pack is mounted to the power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch from a conduction state to an open state and cut off the charging loop. The application sets the mechanical switch composed of two conductive contact parts and the movable member in the ground loop. When the battery pack is inserted into the power tool, the movable member is moved by the trigger member on the tool to cut off the ground loop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery pack and power tool technology, and specifically relates to a battery pack and power tool system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing power demands of garden tools and power tools, the use of multiple battery packs connected in series for power supply is gradually gaining widespread application. Meanwhile, to improve ease of use, some battery packs, in addition to the tool connection interface for connecting to tools, also have an external electrical connection interface independent of the tool connection interface, enabling diverse charging options for the battery pack.

[0003] When multiple battery packs are connected to a tool that uses series power supply and are simultaneously connected to the external power connection interface through an external power supply device, the multiple battery packs are connected in series through the internal circuit of the tool, and there may be a common ground connection between the multiple output interfaces of the external power supply device. This may form a cross-interface conduction loop, generating abnormal current or even short circuit risk, which may lead to damage to the battery packs and adapters or even cause a fire.

[0004] In the existing technology, there is a lack of effective protection mechanisms for the above application scenarios. Therefore, how to avoid the formation of cross-interface abnormal loops when multiple battery packs are used in series has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack and power tool system to solve the problem of how to avoid forming a short circuit and eliminate the safety risks caused by it when two battery packs are connected to the tool at the same time and charged through the same dual-port external power supply device (whose two output interfaces share a common ground) in a dual-pack series tool.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a battery pack comprising: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and is used to connect to a power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by a trigger of the power tool when the battery pack is installed on the power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch from an on state to an off state and cut off the charging circuit.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the housing has an opening that communicates with the interior of the housing, and the mechanical switch is at least partially housed within the housing; When the mechanical switch is in the ON state, at least a portion of the movable element extends out of the surface of the housing through the opening.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell connected to the upper shell. The upper shell includes a first surface and a stepped portion disposed on the first surface. The first interface and the opening are disposed on the stepped portion.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the stepped portion has a second surface and a connecting surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, the second surface being parallel to the first surface, and the first interface and the opening being disposed on the connecting surface.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first interface has a positive port and a negative port, and the opening is located between the positive port and the negative port.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first interface further includes a signal port located between the positive port and the opening.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable element is configured to move linearly along a predetermined direction close to the interior of the housing under the push of the trigger, the predetermined direction being parallel to the mounting direction of the battery pack to the power tool.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical switch further includes: Two conductive contacts are connected in series in the charging circuit, and the two conductive contacts are spaced apart and electrically insulated from each other. A conductive connection portion is provided on the movable component; When the movable part is not pushed by the triggering part, the conductive connection part is in contact with both conductive contact parts to conduct the electrical connection between the two conductive contact parts; When the movable member is pushed by the trigger member, the conductive connection part separates from at least one of the two conductive contacts to disconnect the electrical connection between the two conductive contacts.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable member includes an insulating portion, the insulating portion being connected to the conductive connection portion and being spaced apart from the conductive connection portion along the arrangement direction of the two conductive contacts; When the movable part is pushed by the trigger, the insulating part comes into contact with at least one of the two conductive contacts.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the two conductive contact portions include a first female insert and a second female insert, and the conductive connection portion includes a conductive copper busbar; Wherein, in the direction in which the battery pack is inserted into the power tool, the second female insert is located in front of the first female insert; When the movable part is not pushed by the triggering element, both the first female insert and the second female insert clamp the conductive connection portion; When the movable part is pushed by the triggering element, the first female insert clamps the conductive connection part, and the second female insert clamps the insulating part.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a circuit board is further included, the circuit board being disposed within the housing, two of the conductive contacts being fixed to the circuit board, the battery cell assembly being located on one side of the circuit board, and at least a portion of the mechanical switch being located on the other side of the circuit board.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical switch further includes a reset member configured to drive the movable element to reset after the battery pack is separated from the power tool, so that the mechanical switch switches from the off state to the on state.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the reset member includes an elastic member, one end of which is connected to the movable member and the other end of which is connected to the outer shell.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable element includes a slider, and the inner surface of the housing is provided with a guide structure that extends along the direction in which the battery pack is mounted to the power tool, and the slider is configured to move along the guide structure.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second interface has a ground terminal, the charging circuit includes a ground circuit connected between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly, and the mechanical switch is connected in series in the ground circuit.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second interface is a Type-C interface.

[0022] The present invention also proposes a power tool system, comprising: A power tool having a first mounting position and a second mounting position, wherein a trigger is provided on the first mounting position and / or the second mounting position; The first battery pack is installed at the first mounting position; The second battery pack is installed in the second mounting position and connected in series with the first battery pack. Wherein, at least one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack includes: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and used to connect to the power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by the corresponding trigger when the battery pack including the mechanical switch is installed in the corresponding mounting position, so as to switch the mechanical switch from the on state to the off state and cut off the charging circuit.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, a insert holder is provided on the first mounting position and / or the second mounting position, and the trigger member is disposed on the insert holder and located at a position opposite to the corresponding movable member.

[0024] The present invention also proposes a power tool system, comprising: A first power tool, the first power tool having a battery mounting position; A second power tool has a first mounting position and a second mounting position, wherein a trigger is provided on the first mounting position and / or the second mounting position; A battery pack for supplying power to the first power tool and the second power tool, wherein when the battery pack supplies power to the second power tool, the two battery packs installed at the first mounting position and the second mounting position are connected in series. The battery pack includes: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and used to connect to a corresponding power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by the trigger when the battery pack is installed into the second power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch from an on state to an off state and cut off the charging circuit.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the movable member is movable along the installation direction of the battery pack, the battery mounting position is provided with a insert seat, the insert seat is provided with a clearance portion, and the clearance portion is disposed opposite to the movable member; When the battery pack is installed on the first power tool, the avoidance part avoids the moving part, so that the mechanical switch remains in the conducting state.

[0026] The battery pack and power tool system provided by this invention, by setting a mechanical switch consisting of two conductive contacts and a movable part in the grounding circuit, allows the grounding circuit to be automatically disconnected when the battery pack is inserted into the power tool. This is achieved by a trigger on the tool pushing a slider to move the movable part, thus automatically cutting off the charging function of the second interface (such as a Type-C interface). Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following advantages: In this invention, when two battery packs are simultaneously inserted into a series tool and connected to a dual-port common-ground external power supply device, the grounding circuit inside the battery pack is mechanically cut off, physically blocking the short-circuit path formed by the adapter's common-ground design. This avoids the safety threat posed by the huge short-circuit current to the battery pack, external power supply device, and user, fundamentally eliminating safety risks such as cell thermal runaway, adapter burnout, fire, and electric shock.

[0027] In this invention, the entire mechanical switch is composed of mechanical components such as slider, copper busbar, female insert, and spring. It does not require MCU, sensor, optocoupler or any electronic detection circuit, has no risk of software failure, is not affected by electromagnetic interference, has an extremely low failure rate, a long service life, and is suitable for harsh working environments.

[0028] This invention does not require the addition of complex electronic components. It only requires the addition of low-cost mechanical parts such as sliders, copper busbars and springs to the existing battery pack structure. The material cost is low, the assembly process is simple, it is suitable for mass production, and has good economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a short-circuit loop formed in the prior art.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure in one embodiment of the present invention, with the mechanical switch in the first position.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery pack with the mechanical switch in a first position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure in one embodiment of the present invention, where the mechanical switch is in the second position.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery pack and the first insert socket in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second interface structure of the battery pack in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first interface in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a partial explosion diagram of the battery pack in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack housing in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second interface of the battery pack and the mechanical switch in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 12 for Figure 11 A frontal view diagram.

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical switch in a first position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the mechanical switch in a second position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 15 This is an exploded schematic diagram showing the mechanical switch in a second position in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram from another side of an embodiment of the present invention, showing the mechanical switch in a second position.

[0046] Figure 17This is a schematic diagram of a power tool system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the first insert holder in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another power tool in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the second insert holder in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery pack and the second insert socket in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Label Explanation: 10. First interface; 111. First positive terminal; 112. First negative terminal; 20. Second interface; 21. Ground terminal; 40. Mechanical switch; 41. First conductive contact; 401. Clamping arm; 402. Pin; 42. Second conductive contact; 43. Conductive connection; 44. Moving part; 45. Insulating part; 50. Circuit board; 51. Spring mounting base; 60. Reset part; 100. Second power tool; 101. First mounting position; 102. Second mounting position; 141. First insert holder; 140. Trigger element; 200, Battery pack; 201, Outer casing; 203, First limiting part; 204, Second limiting part; 210, First battery pack; 211, Opening; 212, Upper shell; 2121, First surface; 2122, Stepped part; 2123, Second surface; 2124, Connecting surface; 213, Lower shell; 220, Second battery pack; 230, Cell assembly; 11, Positive terminal; 12, Negative terminal; 13, Signal port; 300. External power supply device; 310. First output interface; 311. First ground wire; 320. Second output interface; 321. Second ground wire; 400, First power tool; 410, Battery mounting position; 142, Second insert holder; 150, Clearance section. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention, and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0054] In the fields of garden tools and power tools, a dual-battery pack series connection is often used to obtain higher operating voltages to meet the demands of high-power equipment. Specifically, two battery slots are installed on the power tool, and after inserting the two battery packs, the negative terminal of one battery pack is connected to the positive terminal of the other via an internal electrical connection. This sums the voltages of the two battery packs, providing a higher drive voltage for the tool's motor. This dual-pack series design is widely used in equipment requiring high voltage, such as chainsaws, lawnmowers, and hair dryers.

[0055] Please see Figure 1 As shown, in recent years, with the widespread adoption of universal battery pack interfaces, users can charge battery packs using external power supplies via these universal interfaces without the need for dedicated charging docks, greatly improving convenience and versatility. However, the inventors of this application have discovered a serious safety hazard that has not been adequately addressed previously when a dual-pack series connection tool is used in conjunction with a multi-port battery pack and a multi-port external power supply device. The specific usage scenario is as follows: The user inserts two battery packs with universal interfaces into the two battery slots of the series connection tool, and then uses an external power supply device with two output interfaces to charge both battery packs simultaneously. Currently, many multi-port external power supply devices on the market, in order to simplify circuitry and reduce costs, directly connect the ground wires of the two interfaces together inside the external power supply device, a so-called "common ground" design.

[0056] Please see Figure 1As shown, in this scenario, because the two battery packs are interconnected in series within the tool, and the two interfaces of the external power supply device share a common ground, a dangerous short-circuit loop is formed. The specific path of this short-circuit loop is as follows: the first ground wire 311 of the first output interface 310 of the external power supply device 300 → the ground terminal 21 of the second interface 20 of the first battery pack 210 → the ground loop inside the first battery pack 210 → the negative terminal of the first battery pack 210 → the series connection inside the power tool → the positive terminal of the second battery pack 220 → the negative terminal of the second battery pack 220 → the ground loop inside the second battery pack 220 → the ground terminal 21 of the second interface 20 of the second battery pack 220 → the second ground wire 321 of the second output interface 320 of the external power supply device 300 → the common ground connection inside the external power supply device 300 → back to the first ground wire 311 of the first output interface 310 of the external power supply device 300. This circuit has almost no load, and once formed, it will generate a huge short-circuit current, which may damage the battery pack, cause thermal runaway of the battery cells, burn out the external power supply device, or even cause a fire or electric shock.

[0057] This implementation mainly improves the charging circuit on the battery pack side without changing the internal circuit structure of the power tool or external power supply device.

[0058] Please see Figures 2 to 16 As shown, there is currently a lack of effective safety protection mechanisms in the market for this specific scenario. Therefore, this invention proposes a battery pack and power tool system to solve the problem of how to avoid forming a short circuit and eliminate the safety risks caused by two battery packs connected in series in a dual-pack power tool, when both battery packs are simultaneously connected to the tool and charged through the same dual-port external power supply device (whose two output interfaces share a common ground).

[0059] Please see Figures 2 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery pack 200 with short-circuit protection. The battery pack 200 includes a cell group 230, a first interface 10, a second interface 20, a ground circuit, and a mechanical switch 40.

[0060] The battery cell assembly 230 is housed within the casing 201 and consists of several lithium-ion cells connected in series and / or parallel. It is used to store electrical energy and power the power tool. It is understood that this power tool is... Figure 17 The second power tool 100 in the middle.

[0061] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the first interface 10 is used to connect to a power tool and serves as the power interface between the battery pack 200 and the power tool. The second interface 20 is located on the housing 201 and is independent of the first interface 10. The second interface 20 is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly. The second interface 20 can be a Type-C interface or other types of USB interfaces, such as a Type-A interface. It is understood that the second interface 20 can be located on the front side of the battery pack or on the left or right side of the battery pack.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, a charging circuit is provided between the second interface 20 and the battery cell group 230. A mechanical switch 40 is connected in series in the charging circuit. The mechanical switch 40 includes a movable part 44 that moves relative to the housing 201. The movable part 44 is configured to be pushed by the trigger 140 of the power tool when the battery pack 200 is installed on the power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch 40 from the on state to the off state and cut off the charging circuit, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0063] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, the surface of the housing 201 has an opening 211 that communicates with the interior of the housing 201. The mechanical switch 40 is at least partially housed within the housing 201. When the mechanical switch 40 is in the ON state, at least a portion of the movable member 44 extends out of the surface of the housing 201 through the opening 211. Specifically, when the mechanical switch 40 is in the ON state (i.e., when the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool), at least a portion of the movable member 44 extends out of the surface of the housing 201 through the opening 211. This extended state exposes the movable member 44 to the outside of the housing 201, facilitating contact and push by the trigger member 140 when the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the trigger member 140 contacts the movable member 44 extending out of the housing 201 and pushes the movable member 44 inward. After the movable member 44 moves inward, the mechanical switch 40 switches to the OFF state, and the charging circuit is cut off. Simultaneously, the extended portion of the movable member 44 retracts into the housing 201.

[0064] When the battery pack 200 is pulled out of the power tool, the movable part 44 extends outward under the action of the reset part, returning to the state of extending out of the surface of the housing 201, and the mechanical switch 40 returns to the conducting state.

[0065] Understandably, the length of the movable part 44 extending beyond the surface of the housing 201 can be adjusted according to design requirements to accommodate the size and position of the trigger 140 on different tools.

[0066] Please see Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer shell 201 includes an upper shell 212 and a lower shell 213. The upper shell 212 and the lower shell 213 are fixedly connected by means of snap-fit, screw connection or ultrasonic welding, etc., to form a cavity for accommodating the battery cell assembly and other internal components.

[0067] Please see Figures 3 to 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the upper shell 212 includes a first surface 2121 and a stepped portion disposed on the first surface 2121. The stepped portion is a structural region protruding outward from the first surface 2121, and both the first interface 10 and the opening 211 are disposed on the stepped portion. The design of the stepped portion ensures that the first interface 10 and the opening 211 are located in the same structural region, facilitating cooperation with corresponding parts of power tools. Furthermore, the stepped portion can be customized according to the interface shape and size of the power tool to adapt to different types of tools.

[0068] The stepped portion has a second surface 2123 and a connecting surface 2124. The second surface 2123 is parallel to the first surface 2121, and the connecting surface 2124 connects the first surface 2121 and the second surface 2123. The connecting surface 2124 can be a vertical surface perpendicular to the first surface 2121 and the second surface 2123.

[0069] Both the first interface 10 and the opening 211 are located on the connecting surface 2124. This arrangement makes the insertion direction of the first interface 10 parallel to the extension direction of the movable member 44, which facilitates the smooth pushing of the movable member 44 by the trigger member 140 when the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool.

[0070] When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the battery pack 200 moves in the insertion direction. Since the first interface 10 is provided on the connecting surface 2124, the first interface 10 and the male connector of the power tool are inserted and engaged in the insertion direction. At the same time, the opening 211 is also provided on the connecting surface 2124, and the movable member 44 extending out of the opening 211 faces the trigger member 140 in the same direction, so that the trigger member 140 can directly push the movable member 44.

[0071] Please see Figures 3 to 9As shown, the first interface 10 has a positive port 11 and a negative port 12, with an opening 211 located between the positive port 11 and the negative port 12. This layout makes full use of the space between the ports on both sides of the first interface 10, avoiding additional width or length to the housing 201, making the battery pack 200 more compact. It is understood that the positive port 11 and negative port 12 refer to the hole structures on the housing 201, not terminals. The first interface 10 includes a first positive terminal 111 and a first negative terminal 112. The first positive terminal 111 is installed in the positive port 11, and the first negative terminal 112 is installed in the negative port 12. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into a power tool, the first positive terminal 111 engages with the positive contact of the power tool, and the first negative terminal 112 engages with the negative contact of the power tool, thereby enabling the battery pack 200 to supply power to the power tool. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the positive and negative contacts on the power tool engage with the positive port 11 and the negative port 12, respectively, while the trigger 140 located between them is precisely aligned with the movable part 44 at the opening 211, achieving synchronous insertion and pushing.

[0072] Please see Figures 3 to 9 As shown, the first interface 10 also has a signal port 13. A signal terminal is installed within the signal port 13 for communicating with power tools, transmitting information such as battery power, temperature, and identification data from the battery pack 200. One or more signal terminals can be installed within the signal port 13. The signal port 13 is located between the positive port 11 and the opening 211. This layout places the signal port 13 in a central position between the positive port 11 and the movable component 44, fully utilizing the lateral space of the first interface 10 area.

[0073] The movable part 44 is configured to move in a preset direction D near the interior of the housing 201 under the push of the trigger 140. The preset direction D is parallel to the installation direction (i.e., insertion direction) of the battery pack 200 when it is installed into the power tool.

[0074] Specifically, when the user installs the battery pack 200 into the power tool, the battery pack 200 is inserted into the battery mounting position of the power tool along the installation direction (e.g., horizontal direction). During this process, the trigger 140 on the power tool (such as a protrusion on a male connector) contacts the movable part 44. As the battery pack 200 continues to be inserted, the trigger 140 pushes the movable part 44 in the opposite direction of the installation direction, causing the movable part 44 to move in a preset direction D (i.e., the opposite direction of the installation direction) into the housing 201 of the battery pack 200. The preset direction D is parallel to the installation direction, meaning that the movement direction of the movable part 44 is collinear with the insertion direction of the battery pack 200. This linear motion ensures that the pushing direction of the trigger 140 is consistent with the movement direction of the movable part 44, avoiding the decomposition and deflection of the pushing force, and improving pushing efficiency and movement reliability. When the battery pack 200 is removed from the power tool, the movable part 44, under the action of the reset member 60 (such as a compression spring), moves in the opposite direction of the preset direction D and automatically resets to its initial position.

[0075] In another embodiment, unlike the previous embodiment in which the movable member 44 moves parallel to the mounting direction, in this embodiment the movable member 44 is configured to move in a direction perpendicular to the mounting direction of the battery pack 200 to the power tool.

[0076] Specifically, the outer casing 201 of the battery pack 200 has multiple outer surfaces, including an upper surface, a lower surface, and left and right sides. The movable member 44 can be disposed on the left and right sides or the upper surface of the casing 201. The battery pack 200 is inserted into a power tool along an installation direction (e.g., horizontal direction), while the moving direction of the movable member 44 is perpendicular to this installation direction (e.g., vertical or horizontal direction).

[0077] The portion of the movable part 44 protruding from the housing 201 has a bevel. This bevel engages with the trigger 140 (e.g., the housing of a power tool or the inner wall of a battery compartment). When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool in the installation direction, the trigger 140 contacts the bevel of the movable part 44. As the battery pack 200 continues to be inserted, the trigger 140 applies a pushing force along the bevel, perpendicular to the installation direction, pushing the movable part 44 inward into the housing 201, moving it from an extended position to a retracted position. When the battery pack 200 is removed from the power tool, the pushing force of the trigger 140 on the movable part 44 disappears, and the movable part 44, under the action of the reset member 60, extends outward in the opposite direction perpendicular to the installation direction, automatically resetting to its initial position.

[0078] The mechanical switch 40 includes two conductive contacts and one conductive connection 43. The two conductive contacts are a first conductive contact 41 and a second conductive contact 42, which are connected in series in the charging circuit. The first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are spaced apart and electrically insulated from each other, meaning there is no direct electrical connection between them. The first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 can be implemented as a female insert, a fixed contact, a terminal block, etc. When the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are electrically connected, the charging circuit is closed; when the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are disconnected, the charging circuit is interrupted.

[0079] The conductive connection part 43 is disposed on the movable part 44 and moves together with the movable part 44. The conductive connection part 43 can be made of a conductive material (such as copper, aluminum, copper alloy, etc.) and is used to establish or disconnect an electrical connection between the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42. The conductive connection part 43 can be implemented in the form of a conductive copper busbar, a conductive spring, a conductive slider, etc.

[0080] The operating states of mechanical switch 40 are as follows: Conductive state (when movable member 44 is not pushed): When the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool, that is, when the movable member 44 is not pushed by the trigger member 140, the movable member 44 is in the first position. At this time, the conductive connection part 43 simultaneously contacts the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42, establishing an electrical connection between the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42. Since the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42 are connected in series in the charging circuit, when they are connected by the conductive connection part 43, the charging circuit is closed, and the battery pack 200 can be charged normally through the second interface 20.

[0081] Disconnected State (After Movable Member 44 is Pushed): When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, that is, when the movable member 44 is pushed by the trigger member 140, the trigger member 140 pushes the movable member 44 inward. The movable member 44 moves the conductive connection part 43 together, causing the conductive connection part 43 to separate from at least one of the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42. When the conductive connection part 43 separates from either conductive contact part, the electrical connection between the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42 is cut off, the charging circuit is disconnected, and the charging function of the second interface 20 is disabled.

[0082] When the battery pack 200 is pulled out of the power tool, the movable part 44 extends outward and resets under the action of the reset part 60, and the conductive connection part 43 re-contacts the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42 simultaneously, and the charging circuit is restored to conduction.

[0083] Please see Figures 11 to 16 As shown, in this embodiment, the movable member 44 includes an insulating portion 45. The insulating portion 45 is connected to the conductive connection portion 43 (e.g., integrally formed or fixedly connected) and is spaced apart from the conductive connection portion 43 along the arrangement direction of the first conductive contact portion 41 and the second conductive contact portion 42. When the movable member 44 is pushed by the trigger member 140, the movable member 44 moves inward, and the conductive connection portion 43 separates from at least one of the first conductive contact portion 41 and the second conductive contact portion 42. At the same time, the insulating portion 45 comes into contact with at least one of the first conductive contact portion 41 and the second conductive contact portion 42. Since the insulating portion 45 is made of an insulating material (such as plastic, nylon, rubber, etc.), when the insulating portion 45 comes into contact with the conductive contact portion, no electrical connection is established between the conductive contact portions, thereby ensuring that the first conductive contact portion 41 and the second conductive contact portion 42 remain electrically disconnected.

[0084] When the movable part 44 is in the disconnected position (second position), the insulating part 45 occupies the original position of the conductive connection part 43, preventing the conductive connection part 43 from accidentally returning to its original position due to vibration, impact or other reasons and re-contacting the conductive contact part.

[0085] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are implemented using a first female insert and a second female insert, respectively. The female insert is a metal conductive sheet with plug-in terminals, which can form a stable electrical connection with other conductive components. The conductive connection 43 is implemented using a conductive copper busbar. The conductive copper busbar is a metal conductive plate with a certain degree of elasticity and rigidity, possessing excellent conductivity.

[0086] The first and second female inserts are elastic conductive metal sheets, typically made of copper alloy or stainless steel. Each female insert has a pair of clamping arms 401, which are connected in series in the charging circuit via pins 402, forming a clamping gap between the two clamping arms 401. When a conductive copper busbar or insulating part is inserted into the clamping gap, the clamping arms 401 undergo elastic deformation, applying a clamping force to the clamped object, thereby forming a stable electrical connection or mechanical contact. The female insert structure has the advantages of reliable contact, moderate insertion and extraction force, and long life, and is widely used for electrical connections inside battery packs.

[0087] In the direction in which the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool (i.e., the installation direction), the second female connector is located in front of the first female connector. That is, the first female connector is closer to the rear of the battery pack 200, i.e., further away from the insertion end, while the second female connector is closer to the front of the battery pack 200, i.e., closer to the insertion end. The two female connectors are arranged alternately along the insertion direction, forming a front-to-back arrangement. This front-to-back arrangement matches the movement direction of the movable member 44 (parallel to the insertion direction), allowing the conductive connection portion 43 to sequentially contact or separate from the two female connectors during movement.

[0088] When the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool, the movable part 44 is in the first position. At this time, the conductive copper busbar is simultaneously inserted into the clamping gap between the first female plug and the second female plug, and both the first female plug and the second female plug clamp the conductive copper busbar.

[0089] Since the conductive copper busbar is a good conductor, an electrical connection is formed between the two female connectors through the conductive copper busbar, and the grounding circuit is completed. At this time, the battery pack 200 can be charged normally through the second interface 20. The simultaneous clamping of the conductive copper busbar by the two female connectors forms a double contact, ensuring a low-resistance electrical connection.

[0090] When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the trigger 140 pushes the movable member 44 inward. The movable member 44 moves the conductive copper busbar and the insulating part 45 together. During the movement, since the second female connector is located in front of the first female connector, the conductive copper busbar first exits from the second female connector, but remains inserted into the first female connector.

[0091] When the movable part 44 moves to the second position (retracted position), the conductive copper busbar completely exits the second female insert but remains in the first female insert. At the same time, the insulating part 45 moves into the clamping gap of the second female insert, and the second female insert then clamps the insulating part 45.

[0092] At this point, the first female connector clamps the conductive copper busbar, and the second female connector clamps the insulating part. Since the insulating part 45 is made of insulating material and is non-conductive, the electrical connection between the first and second female connectors is broken, and the grounding circuit is disconnected. The second female connector clamping the insulating part 45 prevents the conductive copper busbar from accidentally returning to its original position, while also maintaining the stability of the movable part 44 in the retracted position.

[0093] When the battery pack 200 is removed from the power tool, the pushing force of the trigger 140 on the movable member 44 disappears. The movable member 44 extends outward under the action of the reset member 60. The insulating part 45 first exits from the second female connector, and then the conductive copper busbar is reinserted into the second female connector until the conductive copper busbar is simultaneously clamped by the first and second female connectors, and the grounding circuit is restored.

[0094] Understandably, in the conductive state, both female terminals simultaneously clamp the conductive copper busbar, forming a dual electrical connection path. Even if one female terminal has poor contact, the other female terminal can still maintain circuit continuity, improving the reliability of the conductive state.

[0095] Since the second female connector is located in front of the first female connector, during the movement of the movable part 44, the conductive copper busbar first exits from the second female connector and then from the first female connector (in this embodiment, the conductive copper busbar remains in the first female connector when disconnected). This gradual disconnection method reduces the risk of arcing from instantaneous disconnection and improves electrical safety.

[0096] In the disconnected state, the second female insert clamps the insulating part 45, providing additional holding force to the moving part 44, preventing the conductive copper busbar from accidentally returning to its original position due to vibration or impact, and ensuring the reliability of the disconnected state. The clamping structure of the female insert can provide uniform clamping force, ensuring that the conductive copper busbar and the insulating part 45 are subjected to uniform force during clamping, reducing local wear and extending service life.

[0097] The two female inserts are arranged back and forth along the insertion direction, which is consistent with the moving direction of the movable part 44. The structure is compact and convenient for layout and assembly within the limited space inside the battery pack 200.

[0098] The battery pack 200 also includes a circuit board 50. The circuit board 50 is disposed inside the housing 201 and serves as the carrier for the internal electrical connections of the battery pack 200. The circuit board 50 may be a printed circuit board (PCB) with conductive lines laid out on it for connecting components such as the battery cell assembly, the first interface 10, the second interface 20, and the battery management system (BMS).

[0099] Two conductive contacts are fixed to the circuit board 50. Specifically, the two conductive contacts are fixed to the circuit board 50 by means of pins 402 passing through mounting holes on the circuit board 50 and being soldered. The battery cell assembly is located on one side of the circuit board 50, and at least a portion of the mechanical switch 40 is located on the other side of the circuit board 50 (i.e., the side opposite to the battery cell assembly). That is, the circuit board 50 divides the internal space of the battery pack 200 into two regions: a first region (battery cell assembly side) accommodates the battery cell assembly, and a second region accommodates part of the structure of the mechanical switch 40. Specifically, the movable part 44, conductive connection part 43, and insulating part 45 of the mechanical switch 40 can be provided on the mechanical switch side of the circuit board 50, while the conductive contacts are fixed to the circuit board 50, and their clamping arms 401 can be located on the mechanical switch side of the circuit board 50 to cooperate with the conductive connection part 43 and insulating part 45 on the movable part 44. The pins 402 of the two conductive contacts pass through the circuit board 50 and are located on the battery cell assembly side.

[0100] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the conductive connection portion 43, the first conductive contact portion 41, and the second conductive contact portion 42 adopt a surface contact method. Surface contact means that two conductive components are in contact with each other through a planar area, rather than point or line contact. Specifically, the conductive connection portion 43 has a flat contact plane, and the first conductive contact portion 41 and the second conductive contact portion 42 also have flat contact surfaces that mate with the conductive connection portion 43. When the conductive connection portion 43 simultaneously contacts two female inserts, surface contact is formed between the contact plane of the conductive connection portion 43 and the contact surfaces of each conductive contact portion. Compared to point or line contact, surface contact has a larger contact area, providing a more stable electrical connection and reducing poor contact caused by vibration or impact. Furthermore, surface contact disperses contact pressure, reduces wear on the contact surfaces, and extends the service life of the mechanical switch.

[0101] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, in this embodiment, the movable component 44 includes a slider, and the conductive connection portion 43 is fixedly disposed on the slider. The slider is movably mounted within the outer casing 201 of the battery pack 200.

[0102] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the slider can be made of insulating material (such as plastic, nylon, ceramic, etc.), and the conductive connection part 43 is fixed to the slider by means of insert injection molding, bonding, or snap-fit. The slider and the conductive connection part 43 move as a whole within the housing 201.

[0103] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, when the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool, the slider is in the first position under the action of the reset member 60, and the conductive connection part 43 simultaneously contacts the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42, thus completing the ground circuit. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the trigger member 140 on the power tool (such as the protrusion structure on the male connector) pushes the slider inward, and the slider moves the conductive connection part 43 to the second position. The conductive connection part 43 separates from at least one of the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42, and the ground circuit is cut off.

[0104] Please see Figure 13, Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, a guide structure is provided inside the outer shell 201 of the battery pack 200. The guide structure is composed of two parallel ribs or grooves on the inner wall of the upper shell 212. The slider is slidably mounted inside the guide structure, which guides and limits the movement of the slider, ensuring that the slider moves in a predetermined direction. The guide structure ensures that the slider maintains the correct posture during movement, preventing the slider from deflecting or getting stuck. The guide structure also reduces friction between the slider and the outer shell 201, making the slider move more smoothly. In addition, the guide structure is simple in structure and can be integrally injection molded with the outer shell 201 without the need for additional parts.

[0105] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the guide structure extends along the direction in which the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool (i.e., the insertion direction). The slider moves in the guide structure in a direction parallel to the insertion direction of the battery pack 200. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, it moves in the insertion direction. After the trigger 140 on the power tool contacts the slider, it pushes the slider. Because the extension direction of the guide structure is parallel to the insertion direction, the slider moves along the guide structure when pushed, and the direction of movement is parallel to the insertion direction. Setting the extension direction of the guide structure to be parallel to the insertion direction of the battery pack 200 ensures that the thrust direction of the trigger 140 is consistent with the movement direction of the slider, avoiding the decomposition and deflection of the thrust, and improving the pushing efficiency and the reliability of the slider movement.

[0106] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the battery pack 200 has a first limiting part 203 and a second limiting part 204 inside the outer casing 201. The first limiting part 203 is used to limit the maximum extended position of the slider in the reset state. When the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool, the slider extends outward under the action of the reset member 60 until it contacts the first limiting part 203, at which point the slider reaches the maximum extended position (i.e., the first position). The first limiting part 203 can be a boss, a stop, or a stepped surface on the inner wall of the outer casing 201. The second limiting part 204 is used to limit the maximum retracted position of the slider when it is pushed. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the trigger member 140 on the power tool pushes the slider inward until the slider contacts the second limiting part 204, at which point the slider reaches the maximum retracted position (i.e., the second position). The second limiting part 204 can be a boss, a stop, or a stepped surface on the inner wall of the outer casing 201.

[0107] Understandably, by setting the first limiting part 203 and the second limiting part 204, the movement range of the slider is precisely limited, ensuring that the slider can stop at the correct position and avoiding excessive movement. The first limiting part 203 ensures that the conductive connection part 43 can accurately contact the two conductive contacts in the reset state, ensuring reliable conduction of the ground circuit; the second limiting part 204 ensures that the conductive connection part 43 can reliably disengage from the conductive contacts in the insertion state, ensuring that the ground circuit is completely cut off.

[0108] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the mechanical switch also includes a reset member 60, which is configured to drive the movable member 44 to reset after the battery pack is separated from the power tool, thereby switching the mechanical switch from an open state to an on state. In this embodiment, the reset member 60 is, for example, a spring, with one end connected to a slider and the other end connected to the outer casing 201 of the battery pack 200.

[0109] Specifically, when the battery pack 200 is not inserted into the power tool, the reset member 60 is in its natural state, keeping the slider in the first position. At this time, the conductive connection part 43 simultaneously contacts the two conductive contacts, and the grounding circuit is connected.

[0110] When the battery pack 200 is inserted into the power tool, the trigger 140 on the power tool overcomes the elastic force of the reset member 60 and pushes the slider inward. When the slider moves to the second position, the conductive connection part 43 separates from the conductive contact part, and the grounding circuit is cut off.

[0111] When the battery pack 200 is pulled out of the power tool, the pushing force of the trigger 140 on the slider disappears, and the elastic force of the reset member 60 pushes the slider back to the first position. The conductive connection part 43 contacts the two conductive contacts again at the same time, and the charging circuit is restored to conduction.

[0112] The reset component 60 enables the slider to automatically reset. When the battery pack 200 is removed from the power tool, the ground circuit automatically resumes conduction, and the battery pack 200 can be charged normally through the second interface 20. This automatic reset mechanism requires no additional operation from the user, improving the user experience.

[0113] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, in this embodiment, a spring mounting base 51 is provided on the side of the slider away from the first interface 10 (i.e., the inner side of the slider). One end of the reset member 60 is mounted on the spring mounting base 51. The spring mounting base 51 can be a protrusion, a recess, or a stepped surface on the slider, used to position and fix the end of the reset member 60. When the reset member 60 uses a compression spring, the spring mounting base 51 can be a protrusion on which the compression spring is sleeved; or it can be a recess into which one end of the compression spring is inserted. It can be understood that by providing the spring mounting base 51, a reliable connection between the reset member 60 and the slider is achieved, preventing the reset member 60 from shifting or falling off during compression and elongation. The spring mounting base 51 has a simple structure and can be integrally formed with the slider, eliminating the need for additional parts and reducing manufacturing costs.

[0114] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, an insulating element is provided between the conductive connection part 43 and the slider to electrically isolate the conductive connection part 43 from the slider. The insulating element can be any one of an insulating gasket, an insulating coating, or an insulating injection molding layer.

[0115] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the slider is made of insulating material, and the conductive connection part 43 is embedded or fixed to the slider. The insulating material of the slider can be plastic, nylon, ceramic, or other materials with good insulating properties. The conductive connection part 43 can be embedded in the slider by insert injection molding, that is, when the slider is injection molded, the conductive connection part 43 is placed in the mold as an insert, so that the plastic covers a part of the conductive connection part 43. The conductive connection part 43 can also be fixed to the slider by snap-fit, adhesive, or screw connection. Since the slider itself is made of insulating material, electrical isolation is naturally formed between the conductive connection part 43 and the slider, and no additional insulating parts are required.

[0116] Understandably, by incorporating an insulating component, electrical isolation between the conductive connection 43 and the slider is ensured, avoiding the risk of leakage. Simultaneously, the insulating component also prevents electrochemical corrosion between the conductive connection 43 and the slider, improving product reliability and lifespan.

[0117] The second interface 20 has a ground terminal 21. The charging circuit includes a ground circuit connected between the ground terminal 21 and the negative terminal of the cell assembly 230, and a mechanical switch 40 is connected in series in the ground circuit. Specifically, the first negative terminal 112 is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the cell assembly 230, and the ground circuit is connected between the first negative terminal 112 and the ground terminal 21 of the second interface 20. When the ground circuit is on, the battery pack 200 can be charged through the second interface 20; when the ground circuit is off, the charging function of the second interface 20 is disabled.

[0118] In another embodiment, the mechanical switch 40 can also be connected between the positive terminal of the cell assembly 230 and the positive terminal of the second interface 20. When the mechanical switch 40 is turned on, the charging circuit is turned on, and the battery pack 200 can be charged through the second interface 20. When the mechanical switch 40 is turned off, the charging circuit is turned off, and the charging function of the second interface 20 is disabled.

[0119] It is understandable that when both battery packs are simultaneously inserted into a machine used in series and charged through the same adapter, a short circuit will form between the two ground wires, posing a safety risk. This embodiment achieves mechanical on / off control of the ground wire circuit of the second interface 20 by setting a mechanical switch 40 in the ground wire circuit. When the battery pack 200 is inserted into a power tool, the movable part 44 is pushed to disconnect the ground wire circuit, thereby blocking the short circuit path and eliminating the safety risk. The disconnection action of this solution is achieved through a mechanical structure, eliminating the need for additional electronic detection circuits such as MCUs, sensors, and optocouplers to detect or control this disconnection action, thus offering advantages in high reliability and low cost.

[0120] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in this embodiment, the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are connected in series on the ground circuit, that is, the ground circuit passes through the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 in sequence. For example, the first conductive contact 41 is connected to the first negative terminal 112, and the second conductive contact 42 is connected to the ground terminal 21 of the second interface 20. The movable member 44 is configured to move between a first position and a second position.

[0121] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, when the movable part 44 is in the first position, the conductive connection part 43 simultaneously contacts the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42, forming an electrical connection between the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42 through the conductive connection part 43, thus connecting the ground wire circuit. At this time, the battery pack 200 can be charged normally through the second interface 20.

[0122] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 14 As shown, when the movable part 44 is in the second position, the conductive connection part 43 is separated from at least one conductive contact part, and there is no longer an electrical connection between the first conductive contact part 41 and the second conductive contact part 42, thus cutting off the ground circuit. At this time, the charging function of the second interface 20 is disabled, and even if the external power supply device 300 is inserted into the second interface 20, a charging circuit cannot be formed.

[0123] Please see Figure 16 As shown, the switching between the first and second positions is determined by whether the power tool is inserted into the battery pack 200. When the power tool is not inserted into the battery pack 200, the movable member 44 is in the first position; when the power tool is inserted into the battery pack 200, the movable member 44 is pushed to the second position.

[0124] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the movable member 44. The first conductive contact 41 is located on the side of the second conductive contact 42 away from the trigger member 140. That is, the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42 are arranged one after the other on the moving path of the movable member 44. This interval arrangement allows the conductive connection 43 to sequentially contact or separate from the two conductive contacts during movement. Specifically, when the movable member 44 is in the first position, the conductive connection 43 simultaneously contacts the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42, and the charging circuit is connected. When the movable member 44 moves inward along the moving direction, the conductive connection 43 separates from the second conductive contact 41 while maintaining contact with the first conductive contact 42 (or simultaneously separates from the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42), thereby cutting off the grounding circuit.

[0125] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, two female connectors are connected in series in the ground circuit of the battery pack's Type-C interface. Initially, the copper plate is in contact with both female connectors, and the Type-C interface circuit is conductive, allowing charging and discharging via the Type-C interface. When the battery pack is inserted into the tool, the copper plate moves with the slider and detaches from the female connectors, breaking the Type-C interface circuit and preventing charging. This embodiment uses a structure of female connectors and conductive copper busbars, ensuring reliable contact, low conductivity, and good wear resistance, making it suitable for applications requiring frequent insertion and removal.

[0126] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the present invention also proposes a power tool system, including a power tool, a first battery pack 210, and a second battery pack 220. The power tool has a first mounting position 101 and a second mounting position 102. The first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 can be a battery slot, a battery socket, or a battery holder on the power tool, respectively used to accommodate and mount the first battery pack 210 and the second battery pack 220. The structure of the first battery pack 210 and the second battery pack 220 is as described in the battery pack 200 in the above embodiments.

[0127] A trigger 140 is provided on the first mounting position 101 and / or the second mounting position 102. The trigger 140 is used to push the movable part 44 inside the corresponding battery pack when the battery pack is installed in place. The trigger 140 can be provided on both mounting positions, or only on one mounting position (e.g., only on the first mounting position 101, or only on the second mounting position 102). The trigger 140 can be a solid protruding outward from the inner wall or bottom of the mounting position, which contacts and pushes the movable part 44 when the battery pack is inserted; or an extension integrally formed with the insert of the power tool, which pushes the movable part 44 when the battery pack is inserted; or the structure of the power tool housing itself can be used as the trigger 140, which pushes the movable part 44 through a bevel engagement.

[0128] The first battery pack 210 is installed in the first mounting position 101, and the second battery pack 220 is installed in the second mounting position 102. The two battery packs are connected in series inside the power tool through a series power supply circuit, that is, the negative terminal of the first battery pack 210 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery pack 220, so that the voltages of the two battery packs are added together and output to the tool motor to provide a higher operating voltage.

[0129] At least one of the first battery pack 210 and the second battery pack 220 can be a battery pack 200, and includes the aforementioned mechanical switch 40. That is, the mechanical switch 40 can be provided only in the first battery pack 210, only in the second battery pack 220, or both battery packs can have the mechanical switch 40. When only one battery pack has the mechanical switch 40, the entire short circuit path can be blocked by cutting off the charging circuit of that battery pack.

[0130] When the user installs the first battery pack 210 in the first mounting position 101 and the second battery pack 220 in the second mounting position 102, the two battery packs form a series connection inside the power tool.

[0131] During installation, when the battery pack equipped with the mechanical switch 40 is inserted into the corresponding mounting position, the trigger 140 on that mounting position contacts the movable part 44 of the battery pack. As the battery pack continues to be inserted, the trigger 140 pushes the movable part 44 to move, causing the mechanical switch 40 to switch from the on state to the off state, thus cutting off the charging circuit of the battery pack.

[0132] For example, when only the first battery pack 210 is equipped with the mechanical switch 40, when the first battery pack 210 is inserted into the first mounting position 101, the trigger 140 pushes its movable part 44 to cut off the charging circuit of the first battery pack 210. At this time, even if the charging circuit of the second battery pack 220 remains conductive, since the short circuit requires the ground circuits of both battery packs to be conductive to form (short circuit path: adapter first interface ground wire → first battery pack ground wire circuit → first battery pack negative terminal → tool series connection → second battery pack negative terminal → second battery pack ground wire circuit → adapter second interface ground wire), as long as the charging circuit of the first battery pack 210 is cut off, the entire short circuit is blocked.

[0133] When both battery packs are equipped with mechanical switches 40, their respective charging circuits are cut off when they are inserted, forming a double protection redundancy and further improving safety.

[0134] When the user connects the two output ports of an external power supply device (such as a dual-port Type-C adapter) to the second port 20 of the first battery pack 210 and the second port 20 of the second battery pack 220 respectively, the charging circuit of at least one battery pack is cut off, so a complete short-circuit circuit cannot be formed, the short-circuit current cannot flow, and the safety risk is eliminated.

[0135] When the user removes the battery pack from the power tool, the pushing force of the trigger 140 on the movable part 44 disappears, and the movable part 44 automatically resets under the action of the reset element. The mechanical switch 40 returns to the conductive state, and the charging circuit is restored to normal operation. The battery pack can then be charged normally through the second interface 20.

[0136] The first mounting position 101 and / or the second mounting position 102 of the power tool are provided with a first insert holder 141. The first insert holder 141 is a component on the power tool that engages with the first interface 10 of the battery pack. It is usually provided with a positive insert and a negative insert for connecting and engaging with the positive and negative ports of the first interface 10 of the battery pack 200 to realize the transmission of electrical energy.

[0137] The trigger 140 is disposed on the first insert holder 141 and positioned opposite the corresponding movable member 44. That is, when the battery pack 200 is installed in this mounting position, the movable member 44 of the mechanical switch 40 inside the battery pack 200 extends out. The trigger 140 is positioned opposite the movable member 44 to ensure that during the insertion of the battery pack 200, the trigger 140 can accurately contact and push the movable member 44. The trigger 140 can be integrally formed with the first insert holder 141 or fixed to the first insert holder 141 as a separate part.

[0138] Understandably, depending on actual design requirements, the trigger 140 can be installed in only one of the mounting positions. For example: Only the first mounting position 101 is equipped with a trigger 140: when the first battery pack 210 (equipped with a mechanical switch 40) is installed in the first mounting position 101, the trigger 140 pushes its movable part 44 to cut off the charging circuit of the first battery pack 210. The second battery pack 220 can be a regular battery pack without a mechanical switch, or a battery pack with a mechanical switch that is not activated. Since a short circuit requires the ground circuits of both battery packs to be connected to form, as long as the charging circuit of the first battery pack 210 is cut off, the entire short circuit is blocked.

[0139] Both mounting positions are equipped with trigger elements 140: when both battery packs are equipped with mechanical switches 40, the charging circuits of both battery packs are cut off, forming a double protection redundancy, which further improves safety.

[0140] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the present invention also proposes a power tool system, which includes: a power tool, an external power supply device 300, a first battery pack 210, and a second battery pack 220. The first battery pack 210 and the second battery pack 220 are battery packs as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0141] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, the power tool has a first mounting position 101 and a second mounting position 102, which are used to mount a first battery pack 210 and a second battery pack 220, respectively. The power tool has a series power supply circuit inside. When the two battery packs are installed in place, the negative terminal of the first battery pack 210 is connected in series with the positive terminal of the second battery pack 220, so that the voltages of the two battery packs are added together and output to the tool motor.

[0142] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the external power supply device 300 has multiple output interfaces (a first output interface 310 and a second output interface 320). The ground wires of the first output interface 310 and the second output interface 320 are connected to a common ground inside the external power supply device 300. The external power supply device 300 can be a dual-port Type-C power adapter, etc.

[0143] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 As shown, when the user installs the first battery pack 210 in the first mounting position 101 and the second battery pack 220 in the second mounting position 102, and connects the first output interface 310 of the external power supply device 300 to the second interface 20 of the first battery pack 210 and the second output interface 320 of the second battery pack 220, a dangerous short circuit is formed because the two interfaces of the external power supply device 300 share a common ground and the two battery packs are interconnected through the series power supply circuit of the power tool.

[0144] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, in this state, the trigger 140 (such as a protrusion on the insert holder) on the first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 of the power tool pushes the movable part 44 inside the two battery packs to move from the first position to the second position, disconnecting the electrical connection between the first conductive contact 41 and the second conductive contact 42, thereby cutting off their respective ground circuits. After the ground circuit is cut off, the short circuit circuit is blocked, the short circuit current cannot be formed, and the safety risk is eliminated.

[0145] This embodiment combines a battery pack with a mechanical switch, a power tool, and an external power supply device into a complete system. The ground circuit within the battery pack is automatically cut off via a trigger 140 on the power tool, eliminating the need for any electronic detection circuitry. This system offers advantages such as simple structure, low cost, high reliability, and good compatibility, effectively solving the short-circuit safety problem when using a dual-pack series tool with a dual-port common-ground external power supply device.

[0146] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18As shown, in this embodiment, a first insert holder 141 is provided on both the first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 of the power tool.

[0147] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the first connector 141 is a component on the power tool that engages with the first interface 10 of the battery pack, and it has a positive male connector and a negative male connector. When the first battery pack 210 is installed in the first mounting position 101, the first interface 10 of the first battery pack 210 is inserted into the first connector 141 of the first mounting position 101 to achieve electrical connection between the battery pack and the power tool. Similarly, the first interface of the second battery pack 220 is inserted into the first connector 141 on the second mounting position 102.

[0148] A trigger 140 is provided on the first insert socket 141 of the first mounting position 101 and / or the first insert socket 141 of the second mounting position 102. The trigger 140 may be a protrusion, extension, or a specific shape structure on the male insert socket. When the first battery pack 210 is installed in the first mounting position 101, the trigger 140 contacts the slider inside the battery pack and pushes the slider inward, causing the movable member 44 to move from the first position to the second position, thus cutting off the grounding circuit.

[0149] The trigger 140 can be disposed on one of the first insert sockets 141 or on both first insert sockets 141. In practical applications, cutting off the ground wire circuit of one battery pack can block the entire short circuit circuit, so the trigger 140 can be disposed on only one of the first insert sockets 141.

[0150] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 , Figure 19 , Figure 20 and Figure 21 As shown, the present invention also proposes a power tool system, which includes a first power tool 400, a second power tool 100, and a battery pack 200. The same battery pack 200 can be used for the first power tool 400 powered by a single battery pack, or for the second power tool 100 powered by two battery packs in series, and the battery pack 200 can automatically switch the charging circuit state of the second interface 20 according to the type of power tool installed.

[0151] The first power tool 400 has a battery mounting position 410. The first power tool 400 is a single-battery-pack powered tool, meaning it only requires one battery pack 200 to operate normally. The first power tool 400 can be a common single-battery-pack power tool such as an electric drill, hammer drill, angle grinder, or circular saw. The battery mounting position 410 of the first power tool 400 does not have a trigger 140, or it has a clearance part 150 to prevent pushing the moving part 44 of the battery pack 200.

[0152] The second power tool 100 has a first mounting position 101 and a second mounting position 102. When the battery pack supplies power to the second power tool, the two battery packs 200 installed in the first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 are connected in series inside the second power tool 100, so that the voltages of the two battery packs are added together and output to the tool motor to provide a higher operating voltage.

[0153] A trigger 140 is provided on the first mounting position 101 and / or the second mounting position 102. The trigger 140 is used to push the movable part 44 inside the battery pack 200 when the battery pack 200 is installed in place. The trigger 140 may be provided on both mounting positions or only on one of the mounting positions.

[0154] When the user installs the battery pack 200 into the battery mounting position 410 of the first power tool 400, since the first power tool 400 does not have a trigger 140 (or has a clearance part), the movable part 44 is not pushed, and the mechanical switch 40 remains in the conducting state.

[0155] When the user installs the two battery packs 200 into the first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 of the second power tool 100, the two battery packs 200 are connected in series inside the second power tool 100, providing a higher operating voltage to the tool motor. During installation, when the battery pack 200 is inserted into the mounting position equipped with the trigger 140, the trigger 140 contacts the movable part 44 of the battery pack 200 and pushes the movable part 44. After the movable part 44 is pushed, the mechanical switch 40 switches from the on state to the off state, cutting off the charging circuit.

[0156] Since a short-circuit loop requires both battery packs' ground circuits to be conducting to form, the entire short-circuit loop is blocked if the charging circuit of one battery pack is interrupted. Therefore, when a user connects a dual-port common-ground external power supply device to the second interface 20 of both battery packs, a complete short-circuit loop cannot be formed, and the safety risk is eliminated.

[0157] The battery mounting position 410 of the first power tool 400 is provided with a second insert holder 142. The second insert holder 142 is a component on the power tool that engages with the first interface 10 of the battery pack, and typically includes a positive insert and a negative insert for plugging into and mating with the positive and negative ports of the first interface 10 of the battery pack 200.

[0158] The second insert holder 142 is provided with a clearance portion 150. The clearance portion 150 is disposed opposite to the movable member 44 of the battery pack 200. The clearance portion 150 can be a groove, a notch, or a through hole, for example, a groove or notch opened on the second insert holder 142 at a position opposite to the movable member 44. When the battery pack 200 is installed, the movable member 44 extends into the groove or notch and is not pushed by the second insert holder 142.

[0159] When the user installs the battery pack 200 into the battery mounting position 410 of the first power tool 400, the battery pack 200 is inserted in the installation direction. During insertion, the movable part 44 of the battery pack 200 is aligned with the clearance portion 150 on the second insert holder 142. Due to the design of the clearance portion 150, the movable part 44 is not pushed by the second insert holder 142. Therefore, the movable part 44 is not pushed, the mechanical switch 40 remains in the conductive state, and the charging circuit is unobstructed. The battery pack 200 can be charged normally through the second interface 20.

[0160] When the user installs two battery packs 200 in the first mounting position 101 and the second mounting position 102 of the second power tool 100 respectively, the two battery packs 200 are connected in series inside the second power tool 100 to provide a higher working voltage for the tool motor. In this case, the socket of one of the mounting positions can be designed as the second socket 142 to avoid moving parts. Similarly, when the user connects the dual-port common ground external power supply device to the second interface 20 of the two battery packs, a complete short circuit circuit cannot be formed, and the safety risk is eliminated.

[0161] The battery pack and power tool system provided by this invention, by setting a mechanical switch consisting of two conductive contacts and a movable part in the grounding circuit, allows the grounding circuit to be automatically disconnected when the battery pack is inserted into the power tool. This is achieved by a trigger 140 on the tool pushing a slider to move the movable part, thus automatically cutting off the charging function of the second interface (such as a Type-C interface). Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following advantages: In this invention, when two battery packs are simultaneously inserted into a series tool and connected to a dual-port common-ground external power supply device, the grounding circuit inside the battery pack is mechanically cut off, physically blocking the short-circuit path formed by the adapter's common-ground design. This avoids the safety threat posed by the huge short-circuit current to the battery pack, external power supply device, and user, fundamentally eliminating safety risks such as cell thermal runaway, adapter burnout, fire, and electric shock.

[0162] In this invention, the entire mechanical switch is composed of mechanical components such as slider, copper busbar, female insert, and spring. It does not require MCU, sensor, optocoupler or any electronic detection circuit, has no risk of software failure, is not affected by electromagnetic interference, has an extremely low failure rate, a long service life, and is suitable for harsh working environments.

[0163] This invention does not require the addition of complex electronic components. It only requires the addition of low-cost mechanical parts such as sliders, copper busbars and springs to the existing battery pack structure. The material cost is low, the assembly process is simple, it is suitable for mass production, and has good economic benefits.

[0164] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and is used to connect to a power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by a trigger of the power tool when the battery pack is installed on the power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch from an on state to an off state and cut off the charging circuit.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the housing has an opening that communicates with the interior of the housing, and the mechanical switch is at least partially housed within the housing. When the mechanical switch is in the ON state, at least a portion of the movable element extends out of the surface of the housing through the opening.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell includes an upper shell and a lower shell connected to the upper shell. The upper shell includes a first surface and a stepped portion disposed on the first surface. The first interface and the opening are disposed on the stepped portion.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stepped portion has a second surface and a connecting surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, the second surface being parallel to the first surface, and the first interface and the opening being located on the connecting surface.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The first interface has a positive port and a negative port, and the opening is located between the positive port and the negative port.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first interface also has a signal port located between the positive port and the opening.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component is configured to move linearly along a predetermined direction close to the interior of the housing under the push of the trigger, the predetermined direction being parallel to the mounting direction of the battery pack to the power tool.

8. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical switch also includes: Two conductive contacts are connected in series in the charging circuit, and the two conductive contacts are spaced apart and electrically insulated from each other. A conductive connection portion is provided on the movable component; When the movable part is not pushed by the triggering part, the conductive connection part is in contact with both conductive contact parts to conduct the electrical connection between the two conductive contact parts; When the movable member is pushed by the trigger member, the conductive connection part separates from at least one of the two conductive contacts to disconnect the electrical connection between the two conductive contacts.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The movable component includes an insulating part, which is connected to the conductive connection part and is spaced apart from the conductive connection part along the arrangement direction of the two conductive contacts. When the movable part is pushed by the trigger, the insulating part comes into contact with at least one of the two conductive contacts.

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The two conductive contact portions include a first female insert and a second female insert, and the conductive connection portion includes a conductive copper busbar; Wherein, in the direction in which the battery pack is inserted into the power tool, the second female insert is located in front of the first female insert; When the movable part is not pushed by the triggering element, both the first female insert and the second female insert clamp the conductive connection portion; When the movable part is pushed by the triggering element, the first female insert clamps the conductive connection part, and the second female insert clamps the insulating part.

11. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a circuit board disposed inside the housing, two of the conductive contacts being fixed to the circuit board, the battery cell assembly being located on one side of the circuit board, and at least a portion of the mechanical switch being located on the other side of the circuit board.

12. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mechanical switch also includes a reset element configured to drive the movable element to reset after the battery pack is separated from the power tool, so that the mechanical switch switches from the off state to the on state.

13. The battery pack according to claim 12, characterized in that, The reset component includes an elastic element, one end of which is connected to the movable element, and the other end of which is connected to the outer shell.

14. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component includes a slider, and the inner surface of the housing is provided with a guide structure that extends along the direction in which the battery pack is mounted to the power tool, and the slider is configured to move along the guide structure.

15. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second interface has a ground terminal, and the charging circuit includes a ground circuit connected between the ground terminal and the negative terminal of the battery cell assembly, with the mechanical switch connected in series in the ground circuit.

16. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second interface is a Type-C interface.

17. A power tool system, characterized in that, include: A power tool having a first mounting position and a second mounting position, wherein a trigger is provided on the first mounting position and / or the second mounting position; The first battery pack is installed at the first mounting position; The second battery pack is installed in the second mounting position and connected in series with the first battery pack. Wherein, at least one of the first battery pack and the second battery pack includes: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and used to connect to the power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by the corresponding trigger when the battery pack including the mechanical switch is installed in the corresponding mounting position, so as to switch the mechanical switch from the on state to the off state and cut off the charging circuit.

18. The power tool system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The first mounting position and / or the second mounting position are provided with a insert holder, and the trigger is disposed on the insert holder and located in a position opposite to the corresponding movable member.

19. A power tool system, characterized in that, include: A first power tool, the first power tool having a battery mounting position; A second power tool has a first mounting position and a second mounting position, wherein a trigger is provided on the first mounting position and / or the second mounting position; A battery pack for supplying power to the first power tool and the second power tool, wherein when the battery pack supplies power to the second power tool, the two battery packs installed at the first mounting position and the second mounting position are connected in series. The battery pack includes: shell; A battery cell assembly, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed within the housing; A first interface is provided on the housing and used to connect to a corresponding power tool; A second interface, located on the housing and independent of the first interface, is used at least for charging the battery cell assembly, and a charging circuit exists between the second interface and the battery cell assembly; and A mechanical switch, connected in series in the charging circuit, includes a movable element that can move relative to the housing; The movable element is configured to be pushed by the trigger when the battery pack is installed into the second power tool, so as to switch the mechanical switch from an on state to an off state and cut off the charging circuit.

20. The power tool system according to claim 19, characterized in that, The movable component is movable along the installation direction of the battery pack. The battery mounting position is provided with a connector, and the connector is provided with a clearance portion. The clearance portion is disposed opposite to the movable component. When the battery pack is installed on the first power tool, the avoidance part avoids the moving part, so that the mechanical switch remains in the conducting state.

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