Soft package solid-state battery grouping structure and battery pack

Abstract

The application relates to a soft package solid-state battery group structure and a battery package, which comprises: a battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells, the plurality of battery cells being arranged in a set direction in sequence, and each battery cell being configured to spew high-temperature gas in a bottom direction when thermal runaway occurs; a protective shell, the protective shell comprising a protective bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the battery cell assembly, a plurality of pressure relief channels being arranged on the protective bottom plate and located directly below the battery cells respectively, and the pressure relief channels being filled with pressure relief pouring glue; and a heat insulation assembly, the heat insulation assembly being arranged between single or multiple battery cells, the bottom of the heat insulation assembly extending into the pressure relief channel and being connected with the protective bottom plate to block the lateral propagation of the high-temperature gas. The protective bottom plate and the heat insulation assembly jointly resist the lateral impact of high-temperature high-speed gas, avoid the high-temperature gas from spreading and roasting the side wall battery cells in the lateral direction, and prevent the thermal diffusion in the lateral direction, so that the battery cells with thermal runaway are prevented from spreading to the side battery cells.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of pouch solid-state battery technology, and in particular to a pouch solid-state battery pack structure and battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the solid-state battery industry, suppressing thermal runaway in pouch cell modules is one of the most difficult problems to solve. Regarding thermal runaway design solutions, some aim upwards, some downwards, and some towards the tabs, but no effective method has yet been found to suppress thermal runaway. One existing pouch cell module solution is bottom venting, using an aluminum plate as the base plate. Other designs feature a perforated structure, with the base plate and the bottom of the cell bonded together with structural adhesive, and the perforated areas filled with potting compound.

[0003] During thermal runaway, the bottom aluminum plate has no special structure, and the potting compound at the bottom of the battery cell is prone to falling off. The high-temperature gas that triggers the battery cell will vertically burn the battery cell with the fallen potting compound, resulting in heat diffusion. Because the aluminum plate and the bottom of the battery cell are bonded with structural adhesive, but the flatness of the bottom of the battery cell is poor, the structural adhesive is difficult to fill completely, and there are gaps between the battery cells. When the module is thermally runaway, the high-temperature gas that triggers the battery cell will laterally burn the adjacent battery cell through the above-mentioned gaps, resulting in heat diffusion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure and battery pack to solve the problems in related technologies where, during thermal runaway, adjacent cells are vertically burned due to the bottom potting compound falling off, and high-temperature gas laterally bakes adjacent cells due to gaps at the bottom of the cells, thus causing thermal diffusion of the module.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a pouch solid-state battery pack structure, including: A battery cell assembly, the battery cell assembly comprising a plurality of battery cells arranged sequentially along a predetermined direction, each battery cell being configured to eject high-temperature gas toward the bottom direction in the event of thermal runaway; The protective housing includes a protective base plate disposed at the bottom of the battery cell assembly. The protective base plate is provided with a plurality of pressure relief channels located directly below the battery cell, and the pressure relief channels are filled with pressure relief potting compound. A heat insulation component is provided, which is provided in multiple locations between one or more of the battery cells. The bottom of the heat insulation component extends into the pressure relief channel and is connected to the protective base plate to block the lateral propagation of the high-temperature gas.

[0006] In some embodiments: the multiple pressure relief channels on the protective base plate are all rectangular structures, and the multiple pressure relief channels are arranged in an array along the length and width directions of the protective base plate; Along the width direction of the protective base plate, two adjacent pressure relief channels are separated by ribs, and multiple heat insulation components are located directly above the ribs and fixedly connected to the ribs.

[0007] In some embodiments: the length directions of the heat insulation component and the battery cell are both parallel to the length direction of the protective base plate; Along the length of the protective base plate, two adjacent pressure relief channels are located on the same straight line, and two adjacent ribs are located on the same straight line.

[0008] In some embodiments, the protective base plate includes a surface composite layer and an internal reinforcing layer embedded within the surface composite layer; The internal reinforcing layer is a high-strength steel plate material of a set thickness, and the ribs are integrally formed with the internal reinforcing layer or the surface composite layer.

[0009] In some embodiments: the thermal insulation assembly includes two rigid thermal insulation plates that are parallel to each other and spaced apart, and a phase change heat-absorbing material layer connected between the two rigid thermal insulation plates; Both rigid heat insulation boards have protruding ribs at their bottoms that extend into the pressure relief channel and are fixedly connected to the protective base plate.

[0010] In some embodiments: the two rigid heat insulation plates near the rib, the phase change heat absorption material layer and the protective base plate together form a narrow slit space with four sides closed, and the slit space is filled with thermally conductive structural adhesive.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pressure relief channel is provided with annular bosses extending away from the cell assembly around its periphery; The annular boss is provided with a pressure relief cover plate for sealing the pressure relief channel, and the pressure relief cover plate is connected to the annular boss through a weakening structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the pressure relief cover, the annular boss, and the protective base plate are integrally formed structures, and the weakening structure includes an annular gap between the pressure relief cover and the annular boss to connect multiple connecting ribs between the pressure relief cover and the annular boss.

[0013] In some embodiments: the heat insulation components, annular bosses, pressure relief cover plates located on both sides of the pressure relief channel, and the battery cells located above the pressure relief cover plates together form a pressure relief space that is closed on all four sides. The pressure relief potting compound is filled in the pressure relief space, and the pressure relief cover plate has an injection hole for injecting the pressure relief potting compound into the pressure relief space.

[0014] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes a pouch cell, wherein the top and side strengths of the pouch cell are greater than the bottom strength, so that the battery cell preferentially ejects high-temperature gas from the bottom in the event of thermal runaway.

[0015] In some embodiments: the protective housing further includes a protective top plate located on top of the battery cell assembly, and protective side plates connecting the protective top plate and the protective bottom plate are respectively provided on both sides of the battery cell assembly; The protective top plate and the battery cell assembly are filled with top thermally conductive adhesive, and foam is provided between the protective side plate and the battery cell assembly, as well as between multiple battery cells.

[0016] In some embodiments: the protective housing further includes an end plate sealing plate located at the end of the battery cell assembly, the end plate sealing plate being connected to the protective top plate, the protective bottom plate and the protective side plate; The end plate, protective top plate, protective bottom plate, and protective side plate together form an end space for accommodating the electrode tab, and the end space is filled with electrode tab potting compound.

[0017] In some embodiments: the surface of the end plate sealing plate is covered with fireproof cloth, and the outer wall of the protective side plate is provided with a fixing plate extending along its length direction, and the fixing plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes.

[0018] A second aspect of this application provides a battery pack, the battery pack including a battery pack housing, and a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure as described in any of the above embodiments is installed inside the battery pack housing.

[0019] In some embodiments: the battery pack housing is provided with a partition beam, which divides the internal space of the battery pack housing into multiple independent compartments that accommodate the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure; The bottom of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure is spaced apart from the bottom of the independent compartment, and multiple explosion-proof valves connecting the independent compartment are provided on the side wall of the battery pack housing.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include: This application provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure and battery pack. The soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure of this application includes a cell assembly, which includes multiple cells arranged sequentially along a set direction. Each cell is configured to eject high-temperature gas towards the bottom in the event of thermal runaway. A protective shell is provided, which includes a protective base plate disposed at the bottom of the cell assembly. The protective base plate has multiple pressure relief channels located directly below the cells, and the pressure relief channels are filled with pressure relief potting compound. A heat insulation component is provided, which has multiple components located between one or more cells. The bottom of the heat insulation component extends into the pressure relief channel and is connected to the protective base plate to block the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas.

[0021] Therefore, the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure of this application configures the cells to eject high-temperature gas downwards in the event of thermal runaway. When a cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas is ejected from the bottom of the thermally runaway cell. The pressure relief potting compound in the pressure relief channel located directly below the thermally runaway cell on the protective base plate is blasted open by the high-temperature gas. After flowing through the pressure relief channel, the high-temperature gas is sprayed downwards and to the left and right sides. The bottoms of the remaining cells located next to the thermally runaway cell are all sealed with pressure relief potting compound to prevent the pressure relief channel from being blocked. The high-temperature gas cannot pass through the pressure relief potting compound in the vertical direction to heat the other cells next to it, and the other cells will not experience heat diffusion in this direction.

[0022] Furthermore, since thermal insulation components are installed between individual or multiple cells, these components not only thermally isolate the cell undergoing thermal runaway from other adjacent cells, improving the safety of those cells, but also extend their bottoms into the pressure relief channel and connect to the protective base plate. This connection structure between the bottom of the thermal insulation component and the protective base plate blocks the lateral flow path of high-temperature gas, effectively preventing its lateral propagation. The protective base plate and the thermal insulation components work together to resist the lateral impact of high-temperature, high-speed gas, preventing the gas from spreading laterally and scorching adjacent cells. This prevents heat diffusion in the lateral direction and inhibits the spread of thermal runaway from one cell to another. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of the soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the thermal insulation component structure according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7This is a top view of the protective base plate according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure label: 10. Battery cell assembly; 11. Battery cell; 20. Protective casing; 21. Protective base plate; 22. Protective top plate; 23. Protective side plate; 24. Fireproof cloth; 30. Heat insulation component; 100. Pack structure of soft-pack solid-state battery; 200. Battery pack casing; 210. Separator beam; 211. Pressure relief channel; 212. Rib; 213. Annular boss; 214. Pressure relief cover plate; 215. Pressure relief space; 216. Injection hole; 217. Annular gap; 218. Connecting rib; 220. Explosion-proof valve; 231. Fixing plate; 232. Mounting hole; 301. Rigid heat insulation board; 302. Phase change heat absorption material layer; 303. Rib; 304. Slit space. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] This application provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure and battery pack, which can solve the problems in related technologies where, during thermal runaway, adjacent cells are vertically burned due to the bottom potting compound falling off, and high-temperature gas laterally bakes adjacent cells due to gaps at the bottom of the cells, thus causing thermal diffusion of the module.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the first aspect of this application provides a pouch solid-state battery pack structure, including: The battery cell assembly 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 arranged sequentially along its thickness direction. Each battery cell 11 is configured to eject high-temperature gas towards the bottom in the event of thermal runaway. In this embodiment, the battery cell 11 is preferably, but not limited to, a pouch cell. The top and side structural strengths of the pouch cell are greater than the bottom strength, so that the battery cell 11 preferentially ejects high-temperature gas from the bottom in the event of thermal runaway.

[0029] The soft-pack battery cell is encapsulated with an aluminum-plastic film. The sealing structure of the aluminum-plastic film is as follows: the top and two large sides are unsealed, while the tabs at both ends and the bottom are sealed with folded edges. The strength of the folded edge sealing is less than the strength of the unsealed aluminum-plastic film itself. In the event of thermal runaway, gas will preferentially escape from the folded edge sealing. After multiple cells 11 are grouped into a module, the area of ​​cell 11 near the tabs is sealed with tab potting compound, and the unsealed area on the top is sealed with structural adhesive. This is intentionally designed so that when cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the emitted high-temperature gas will be ejected downwards.

[0030] A protective housing 20 is used to install and cover the battery cell assembly 10, which is enclosed within the protective housing 20. The protective housing 20 includes a protective base plate 21 disposed at the bottom of the battery cell assembly 10. The protective base plate 21 has a plurality of pressure relief channels 211 located directly below the battery cells 11, and the pressure relief channels 211 are filled with pressure relief potting compound (not shown in the figure) to seal the pressure relief channels 211.

[0031] The protective base plate 21 of this application embodiment is used to fix and install the battery cell assembly 10, and multiple pressure relief channels 211 are provided on the protective base plate 21. The multiple pressure relief channels 211 are all directly opposite the bottom of each battery cell 11. When a battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas it emits can be discharged and relieved through the pressure relief channel 211.

[0032] In this embodiment, each pressure relief channel 211 is filled with pressure relief potting compound (not shown in the figure). When a cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas ejected impacts and dislodges the pressure relief potting compound in its bottom pressure relief channel 211, thus opening the pressure relief channel 211 for pressure relief. Because the bottom of the non-triggered cell 11 located next to the thermally runaway cell 11 is sealed with pressure relief potting compound, the high-temperature gas ejected from the thermally runaway cell 11 cannot easily spread to the non-triggered cell 11, thereby preventing it from being burned or scorched.

[0033] The heat insulation component 30 is provided in multiple parts and is located between one or more battery cells 11. The bottom of the heat insulation component 30 extends into the pressure relief channel 211 and is connected to the protective base plate 21, so that the horizontal gap between the heat insulation component 30 and the protective base plate 21 is completely sealed, so as to prevent the high temperature gas ejected from the thermal runaway battery cell 11 from burning or scorching the non-triggered battery cell 11 after it spreads laterally on the top of the protective base plate 21.

[0034] In this embodiment of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100, the cell 11 is configured to spray high-temperature gas towards the bottom when thermal runaway occurs. When a cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas is sprayed from the bottom of the thermal runaway cell 11. The pressure relief potting compound in the pressure relief channel 211 located directly below the thermal runaway cell 11 on the protective base plate 21 is blown open by the high-temperature gas. After flowing through the pressure relief channel 211, the high-temperature gas is sprayed downwards and to the left and right sides.

[0035] The bottoms of the other cells 11 located next to the thermal runaway cell 11 are all sealed with pressure relief potting compound to prevent the pressure relief channel 211 from being blocked. High temperature gas cannot pass through the pressure relief potting compound in the vertical direction to heat the other cells 11 next to it, and the other cells 11 will not experience thermal diffusion in this direction.

[0036] In addition, since thermal insulation components 30 are provided between individual or multiple battery cells 11, the thermal insulation components 30 are not only used to thermally isolate the battery cell 11 in thermal runaway from other battery cells 11 on the side, thereby improving the safety of other battery cells on the side, but also the bottom of the thermal insulation components 30 extends into the pressure relief channel 211 and is connected to the protective base plate 21.

[0037] The connection structure between the bottom of the heat insulation component 30 and the protective base plate 21 blocks the path of high-temperature gas to flow laterally, thereby effectively preventing the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas at the top of the protective base plate 21. The protective base plate 21 and the heat insulation component 30 work together to resist the lateral impact of high-temperature, high-speed gas, preventing the high-temperature gas from spreading along the side and scorching the adjacent battery cell 11. Heat diffusion will not occur in the side direction, thus preventing the spread of the already thermally runaway battery cell 11 to the adjacent battery cell 11.

[0038] The protective base plate 21 and the heat insulation component 30 are interconnected to form a robust firewall. When the high-temperature gas from the thermally runaway cell 11 attempts to be ejected to the side, the firewall formed by the connection between the protective base plate 21 and the heat insulation component 30 can block the airflow and protect the normal cell 11 next door from being burned.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, this application embodiment provides a soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure. The multiple pressure relief channels 211 on the protective base plate 21 of the soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure 100 are all rectangular structures, and the multiple pressure relief channels 211 are arranged in an array along the length and width directions of the protective base plate 21.

[0040] The length direction of the rectangular pressure relief channel 211 is parallel to the length direction of the battery cell 11. The length of the rectangular pressure relief channel 211 is less than the length of the battery cell 11. Multiple pressure relief channels 211 are arranged along the length direction at the bottom of the same or the same group of battery cells 11. The width of the rectangular pressure relief channel 211 is greater than the thickness of the battery cell 11.

[0041] Along the width of the protective base plate 21, two adjacent pressure relief channels 211 are separated by a rib 212. The rib 212 separates two adjacent pressure relief channels 211 so that the pressure relief channels 211 can discharge the high-temperature gas emitted by the same or the same group of thermal runaway cells 11.

[0042] Each of the multiple thermal insulation components 30 is located directly above the rib 212 and is fixedly connected to the rib 212. After the bottom of the thermal insulation component 30 extends into the pressure relief channel 211 and is connected to the rib 212, the horizontal projections of the thermal insulation component 30 and the rib 212 at least partially overlap. This overlapping area is used to block the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas emitted by the thermal runaway cell 11.

[0043] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figures 6 to 8 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure. The length directions of the heat insulation component 30 and the battery cell 11 of the soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure 100 are both parallel to the length direction of the protective base plate 21. Along the length direction of the protective base plate 21, two adjacent pressure relief channels 211 are located on the same straight line, and two adjacent ribs 212 are located on the same straight line.

[0044] In this embodiment, the length directions of the heat insulation component 30 and the battery cell 11 are parallel to the length direction of the protective base plate 21. Along the length direction of the protective base plate 21, two adjacent pressure relief channels 211 are located on the same straight line, and two adjacent ribs 212 are located on the same straight line, so that two adjacent pressure relief channels 211 correspond to the same or the same group of battery cells 11, and two adjacent ribs 212 correspond to the same heat insulation component 30, which facilitates the installation and arrangement of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100.

[0045] In some alternative embodiments: see Figures 7 to 8 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure is provided. The protective base plate 21 of the soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure 100 includes a surface composite layer and an internal reinforcing layer embedded inside the surface composite layer. The surface composite layer is preferably made of an insulating and fire-retardant material, such as resin-based glass fiber reinforced plastic. The internal reinforcing layer is a high-strength steel plate material of a set thickness, and the ribs 212 are integrally formed with the internal reinforcing layer or the surface composite layer.

[0046] The protective base plate 21 of this embodiment includes a composite layer and an internal reinforcing layer embedded within the surface composite layer. The surface composite layer is a resin-based glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the internal reinforcing layer is a high-strength steel plate material of a predetermined thickness, used to enhance the structural strength of the protective base plate 21. Multiple pressure relief channels 211 are formed in an array on the internal reinforcing layer by stamping or laser cutting.

[0047] The surface composite layer uses resin-based glass fiber reinforced plastic, which has many advantages such as resistance to chemical corrosion, fire resistance, fatigue resistance, and good electrical insulation. The surface composite layer made of resin-based glass fiber reinforced plastic is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, fatigue-resistant, fire-resistant, and has good insulation properties. The internal reinforcing layer is made of high-strength steel plate of a specified thickness, which has high structural strength, impact resistance, and improves the protection level of battery cell 11.

[0048] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure. The heat insulation component 30 of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100 includes two parallel and spaced rigid heat insulation plates 301, and a phase change heat-absorbing material layer 302 connected between the two rigid heat insulation plates 301. The bottom of each of the two rigid heat insulation plates 301 is provided with a protruding rib 303 that extends into the pressure relief channel 211 and is fixedly connected to the protective base plate 21.

[0049] The thermal insulation component 30 consists of two rigid thermal insulation plates 301 and a phase change heat-absorbing material layer 302 located within the two rigid thermal insulation plates 301. The phase change heat-absorbing material layer 302 utilizes the high heat storage density of the phase change material to absorb the heat released by the battery cell 11 during use, effectively preventing thermal runaway of the battery cell 11. The bottom of each of the two rigid thermal insulation plates 301 is provided with protruding ribs 303 extending into the pressure relief channel 211 and fixedly connected to the protective base plate 21. The ribs 212 are sandwiched between the protruding ribs 303 of the two rigid thermal insulation plates 301, thereby forming a firewall to prevent the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, this application embodiment provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure. The soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100 has two rigid heat insulation plates 301 near the end of the protruding rib 303, a phase change heat absorption material layer 302 and a protective base plate 21 together forming a narrow slit space 304 with four sides closed. Thermally conductive structural adhesive (not shown in the figure) is filled into the narrow slit space 304.

[0051] In this embodiment, a narrow, enclosed space 304 is formed between the two rigid heat insulation plates 301 near the protruding rib 303, the phase change heat-absorbing material layer 302, and the protective base plate 21. The space is filled with thermally conductive structural adhesive. This adhesive not only fixes the two rigid heat insulation plates 301 near the protruding rib 303, the phase change heat-absorbing material layer 302, and the protective base plate 21 together, but also blocks the path of high-temperature airflow along the side, thereby improving the structural connection strength and thermal protection performance.

[0052] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the figure, this application provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure. The pressure relief channel 211 of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100 has annular bosses 213 extending in a direction away from the cell assembly 10 around its perimeter. A pressure relief cover plate 214 for sealing the pressure relief channel 211 is provided inside the annular bosses 213, and the perimeter of the pressure relief cover plate 214 is connected to the annular bosses 213 through a weakened structure.

[0053] In this embodiment, the annular boss 213 extends away from the battery cell assembly 10, and the flow area of ​​the annular boss 213 gradually decreases away from the battery cell 11. The annular boss 213 provides flow guidance for the high-temperature gas ejected by the thermally runaway battery cell 11, thereby discharging the high-temperature gas ejected by the thermally runaway battery cell 11 to the outside of the protective shell 20 through the pressure relief channel 211.

[0054] In this embodiment, a pressure relief cover 214 for sealing the pressure relief channel 211 is provided within the annular boss 213. The pressure relief cover 214 is connected to the annular boss 213 around its perimeter by a weakening structure. The pressure relief cover 214 is used to hold the pressure relief potting compound located in the pressure relief channel 211, preventing the pressure relief potting compound in the pressure relief channel 211 from falling off, for example, under severe vibration conditions of a battery pack.

[0055] In addition, the pressure relief cover 214 is connected to the annular boss 213 around its perimeter through a weakened structure. When the impact force of the high-temperature gas ejected by the thermal runaway cell 11 is greater than the structural strength of the weakened structure, the high-temperature gas ejected by the thermal runaway cell 11 will destroy the weakened structure of the pressure relief cover 214 directly below it. The pressure relief cover 214 will then separate from the annular boss 213, causing the pressure relief cover 214 and the pressure relief potting compound to be blown open, thereby opening the pressure relief channel 211 for pressure relief.

[0056] The pressure relief cover 214, the annular boss 213, and the protective base plate 21 are integrally formed from high-strength steel plates. The weakening structure includes an annular gap 217 located between the pressure relief cover 214 and the annular boss 213, and multiple connecting ribs 218 connecting the pressure relief cover 214 and the annular boss 213. The annular gap 217 and the connecting ribs 218 are formed by laser cutting.

[0057] The annular gap 217 is designed to weaken the structural strength between the pressure relief cover 214 and the annular boss 213. The multiple connecting ribs 218 can keep the pressure relief cover 214 and the annular boss 213 connected together under normal conditions, and can break and separate due to the impact of high-temperature gas under thermal runaway conditions.

[0058] The heat insulation components 30, the annular boss 213, and the pressure relief cover 214 located on both sides of the pressure relief channel 211, along with the battery cell 11 located above the pressure relief cover 214, together form a closed pressure relief space 215. Pressure relief potting compound is filled in the pressure relief space 215, and the pressure relief cover 214 has injection holes 216 for injecting the pressure relief potting compound into the pressure relief space 215.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments: see Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure is provided. The battery cell 11 of the soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure 100 includes a soft-pack battery cell. The top and side strengths of the soft-pack battery cell are greater than the bottom strength, so that the battery cell 11 preferentially ejects high-temperature gas from the bottom when thermal runaway occurs.

[0060] Specifically, the soft-pack battery cell is encapsulated with an aluminum-plastic film. The sealing structure of the aluminum-plastic film is as follows: the top and two large sides are unsealed, while the tabs at both ends and the bottom are sealed with folded edges. The strength of the folded edge sealing is less than the strength of the unsealed aluminum-plastic film itself, so that in the event of thermal runaway, the gas will preferentially escape from the folded edge sealing. After multiple battery cells 11 are grouped into a module, the area of ​​the battery cell 11 near the tabs is sealed with tab potting compound, and the unsealed area on the top is sealed with structural adhesive. This is intentionally designed so that when the battery cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, the emitted high-temperature gas will be ejected downwards.

[0061] In some alternative embodiments: see Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the figure, this application embodiment provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure. The protective shell 20 of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure 100 further includes a protective top plate 22 located on top of the cell assembly 10. Protective side plates 23 are respectively provided on both sides of the cell assembly 10, connecting the protective top plate 22 and the protective bottom plate 21. The space between the protective top plate 22 and the cell assembly 10 is filled with top thermally conductive adhesive. Foam is provided between the protective side plates 23 and the cell assembly 10, as well as between the multiple cells 11.

[0062] The protective housing 20 also includes an end plate sealing plate located at the end of the cell assembly 10. The end plate sealing plate is connected to the protective top plate 22, the protective bottom plate 21, and the protective side plate 23. The end plate sealing plate, the protective top plate 22, the protective bottom plate 21, and the protective side plate 23 together form an end space for accommodating the electrode tabs, and the end space is filled with electrode tab potting compound. The surface of the end plate sealing plate is covered with fireproof cloth 24, and the outer wall of the protective side plate 23 is provided with a fixing plate 231 extending along its length direction. The fixing plate 231 has multiple mounting holes 232.

[0063] See Figure 9 As shown, a second aspect of this application provides a battery pack, which includes a battery pack housing 200. A pouch solid-state battery assembly structure 100 as described in any of the above embodiments is installed within the battery pack housing 200. A partition beam 210 is provided within the battery pack housing 200, dividing the internal space of the battery pack housing 200 into multiple independent compartments for accommodating the pouch solid-state battery assembly structure 100. The bottom of the pouch solid-state battery assembly structure 100 is spaced apart from the bottom of the independent compartments. Multiple explosion-proof valves 220 communicating with the independent compartments are provided on the sidewall of the battery pack housing 200.

[0064] Working principle This application provides a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure and battery pack. The soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure of this application includes a cell assembly 10, which includes multiple cells 11 arranged sequentially along a set direction. Each cell 11 is configured to eject high-temperature gas towards the bottom when thermal runaway occurs. A protective shell 20 includes a protective base plate 21 disposed at the bottom of the cell assembly 10. The protective base plate 21 has multiple pressure relief channels 211 located directly below the cells 11, and the pressure relief channels 211 are filled with pressure relief potting compound. A heat insulation component 30 is provided, which has multiple components located between one or more cells 11. The bottom of the heat insulation component 30 extends into the pressure relief channels 211 and is connected to the protective base plate 21 to block the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas.

[0065] Therefore, the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure of this application configures the cell 11 to eject high-temperature gas downwards in the event of thermal runaway. When a cell 11 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature gas is ejected from the bottom of the thermally runaway cell 11. The pressure relief potting compound in the pressure relief channel 211 located directly below the thermally runaway cell 11 on the protective base plate 21 is blown open by the high-temperature gas. After flowing through the pressure relief channel 211, the high-temperature gas is sprayed downwards and to the left and right sides. Since the bottoms of the remaining cells 11 located next to the thermally runaway cell 11 are all sealed with pressure relief potting compound to prevent the pressure relief channel 211 from being blocked, the high-temperature gas cannot pass through the pressure relief potting compound in the vertical direction to heat the other cells 11 next to it, and the other cells 11 will not experience heat diffusion in this direction.

[0066] Furthermore, since thermal insulation components 30 are provided between individual or multiple battery cells 11, these components not only thermally isolate the battery cell 11 in thermal runaway from other adjacent battery cells 11, improving the safety of the other adjacent battery cells 11, but also extend their bottoms into the pressure relief channel 211 and connect to the protective base plate 21. The connection structure between the bottom of the thermal insulation component 30 and the protective base plate 21 blocks the path of high-temperature gas flowing laterally, thus effectively preventing the lateral propagation of high-temperature gas. The protective base plate 21 and the thermal insulation components 30 work together to resist the lateral impact of high-temperature, high-speed gas, preventing the high-temperature gas from spreading along the side and scorching the adjacent battery cells 11. Heat diffusion does not occur in the side direction, thus preventing the spread of thermal runaway battery cells 11 to adjacent battery cells 11.

[0067] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0069] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure, characterized in that, include: A battery cell assembly (10) includes a plurality of battery cells (11) arranged sequentially along a set direction, and each battery cell (11) is configured to eject high-temperature gas toward the bottom in the event of thermal runaway; The protective housing (20) includes a protective base plate (21) disposed at the bottom of the battery cell assembly (10). The protective base plate (21) is provided with a plurality of pressure relief channels (211) located directly below the battery cell (11). The pressure relief channels (211) are filled with pressure relief potting compound. A heat insulation component (30) is provided, and is located between one or more of the battery cells (11). The bottom of the heat insulation component (30) extends into the pressure relief channel (211) and is connected to the protective base plate (21) to block the lateral propagation of the high temperature gas.

2. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple pressure relief channels (211) on the protective base plate (21) are all rectangular structures, and the multiple pressure relief channels (211) are arranged in an array along the length and width of the protective base plate (21); Along the width direction of the protective base plate (21), two adjacent pressure relief channels (211) are separated by ribs (212), and multiple heat insulation components (30) are located directly above the ribs (212) and are fixedly connected to the ribs (212).

3. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The length directions of the heat insulation component (30) and the battery cell (11) are both parallel to the length direction of the protective base plate (21); Along the length of the protective base plate (21), two adjacent pressure relief channels (211) are located on the same straight line, and two adjacent reinforcing bars (212) are located on the same straight line.

4. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The protective base plate (21) includes a surface composite layer and an internal reinforcing layer embedded in the surface composite layer; The internal reinforcing layer is a high-strength steel plate material of a set thickness, and the rib (212) and the internal reinforcing layer or surface composite layer are integrally formed.

5. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal insulation component (30) includes two parallel and spaced rigid thermal insulation plates (301) and a phase change heat-absorbing material layer (302) connected between the two rigid thermal insulation plates (301). The bottom of both rigid heat insulation boards (301) is provided with protruding ribs (303) that extend into the pressure relief channel (211) and are fixedly connected to the protective base plate (21).

6. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The two rigid heat insulation plates (301) together form a narrow slit space (304) with the two ends of the rib (303) near the rib (303), the phase change heat absorption material layer (302) and the protective base plate (21) enclosing the space. The narrow slit space (304) is filled with thermally conductive structural adhesive.

7. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel (211) has an annular boss (213) extending away from the battery cell assembly (10) around its perimeter. The annular boss (213) is provided with a pressure relief cover plate (214) for sealing the pressure relief channel (211), and the pressure relief cover plate (214) is connected to the annular boss (213) through a weakened structure.

8. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure relief cover (214), the annular boss (213) and the protective base plate (21) are integrally formed structures. The weakening structure includes an annular gap (217) between the pressure relief cover (214) and the annular boss (213) to connect multiple connecting ribs (218) between the pressure relief cover (214) and the annular boss (213).

9. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The heat insulation components (30), the annular boss (213), the pressure relief cover plate (214) located on both sides of the pressure relief channel (211), and the battery cell (11) located above the pressure relief cover plate (214) together form a pressure relief space (215) that is closed on all four sides. The pressure relief potting compound is filled in the pressure relief space (215), and the pressure relief cover plate (214) is provided with a glue injection hole (216) for injecting the pressure relief potting compound into the pressure relief space (215).

10. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cell (11) includes a pouch cell (11), wherein the top and side strengths of the pouch cell (11) are greater than the bottom strength, so that the cell (11) preferentially ejects high-temperature gas from the bottom when thermal runaway occurs.

11. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective housing (20) also includes a protective top plate (22) located on top of the battery cell assembly (10), and protective side plates (23) connecting the protective top plate (22) and the protective bottom plate (21) are respectively provided on both sides of the battery cell assembly (10). The protective top plate (22) and the battery cell assembly (10) are filled with top thermal conductive adhesive, and foam is provided between the protective side plate (23) and the battery cell assembly (10), as well as between the multiple battery cells (11).

12. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 11, characterized in that: The protective housing (20) also includes an end plate sealing plate located at the end of the battery cell assembly (10), the end plate sealing plate being connected to the protective top plate (22), the protective bottom plate (21) and the protective side plate (23); The end plate, the protective top plate (22), the protective bottom plate (21), and the protective side plate (23) together form an end space for accommodating the tabs, and the end space is filled with tab potting compound.

13. The soft-pack solid-state battery pack structure as described in claim 12, characterized in that: The surface of the end plate is covered with fireproof cloth (24), and the outer wall of the protective side plate (23) is provided with a fixing plate (231) extending along its length direction. The fixing plate (231) has multiple mounting holes (232).

14. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a battery pack housing (200), and a soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is installed inside the battery pack housing (200).

15. A battery pack as described in claim 14, characterized in that: The battery pack housing (200) is provided with a partition beam (210), which divides the internal space of the battery pack housing (200) into multiple independent compartments that accommodate the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure (100). The bottom of the soft-pack solid-state battery assembly structure (100) is spaced apart from the bottom of the independent compartment, and the side wall of the battery pack housing (200) is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof valves (220) that connect to the independent compartment.

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