Pcb connector, pcb assembly, and vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of electrical connectors, and specifically relates to a PCB connector, a PCB assembly and a vehicle, which comprises a plurality of needle rows, a first female connector and a second female connector; the plurality of needle rows are fixed to a first PCB; the first female connector is fixed to a first side surface of a second PCB, and the second female connector is fixed to a second side surface of the second PCB; the first female connector is provided with a first socket, the second female connector is provided with a second socket, the second PCB is provided with a through hole penetrating through the plate body, and the first socket, the through hole and the second socket are coaxially aligned to form a plug-in channel matched with the needle rows; the first female connector is provided with a first contact terminal, and the second female connector is provided with a second contact terminal; the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal are electrically connected to the same circuit of the second PCB; when the needle rows are inserted into the plug-in channel, the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal are simultaneously contacted and conducted, thereby forming a parallel electrical connection path. The present application can simultaneously improve the mechanical stability and electrical connection reliability of the inter-board connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical connector technology, specifically to a PCB connector, a PCB assembly, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] PCB connectors are commonly used inter-board connection devices, mainly used to achieve docking and electrical connection between two PCB boards, thereby completing the signal and circuit transmission of PCB boards with different functions. The overall structure is simple, easy to disassemble and assemble, and convenient for the later inspection, replacement and iterative upgrade of PCB boards.

[0003] However, in existing technical solutions, traditional PCB interconnection structures generally adopt a single-row pin header paired with a single-row female header on one side: the first PCB board is equipped with pin headers, and the second PCB board only has a single female header installed on one side. The pin headers and the single-sided female header are connected to achieve both mechanical fixation and circuit continuity between the boards. This traditional connection structure has significant technical drawbacks:

[0004] First, there is insufficient mechanical stability. Traditional single-row female connector structures lack an effective stress dispersion mechanism. When the system is in a vibrating environment, undergoes repeated insertion and removal operations, or is subjected to external mechanical stress, the pins are prone to skew deformation. This mechanical deformation not only leads to uneven distribution of contact pressure at the connection interface, but also causes a chain reaction of problems such as increased contact resistance and decreased signal integrity, and in severe cases, even electrical connection failure.

[0005] Secondly, electrical reliability is limited. Single-point contact electrical connections inherently carry the risk of single-point failure. During long-term use, due to the cumulative effects of material fatigue, oxidation corrosion, fretting wear, and other factors, the reliability of a single contact point is difficult to guarantee continuously, especially under harsh operating conditions such as high vibration, high humidity, or temperature cycling, where the probability of connection failure increases significantly.

[0006] Third, balancing cost and performance is difficult. While existing technologies employ floating board-end connectors to improve connection reliability, effectively enhancing vibration resistance and electrical contact stability through a flexible floating structure, the complex mechanical structure and precision manufacturing process of floating connectors typically result in costs more than ten times that of ordinary female connectors. Large-scale application would significantly increase overall material costs and R&D and production costs, leading to low cost-effectiveness and making it difficult to balance connection reliability with low-cost application requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PCB connector, PCB assembly, and vehicle that can simultaneously improve the mechanical stability and electrical reliability of inter-board connections.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a PCB connector, which includes a plurality of pin headers, a first row of females and a second row of females;

[0010] Several of the aforementioned pin headers are fixed to the first PCB board;

[0011] The first row of female connectors is fixed to the first side surface of the second PCB board, and the second row of female connectors is fixed to the second side surface of the second PCB board. The first side surface and the second side surface are two board surfaces that face away from each other.

[0012] The first row of female connectors is provided with a first socket, the second row of female connectors is provided with a second socket, and the second PCB board is provided with a through hole that penetrates the board body. The first socket, the through hole, and the second socket are coaxially aligned to form a plug-in channel that is compatible with the pin header.

[0013] The first row of females is provided with a first contact terminal, and the second row of females is provided with a second contact terminal; the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal are respectively electrically connected to the same circuit of the second PCB board;

[0014] When the pin header is inserted into the insertion channel, it simultaneously makes contact with the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal, forming a parallel electrical connection path.

[0015] In one embodiment, the system further includes a pin-fixing plastic, in which the pins are embedded to fix their position.

[0016] In one embodiment, the pin-fixing plastic is arranged in two or more plastic segments at intervals along the length of the pin, and a gap is provided between adjacent plastic segments, the gap being set according to the length and rigidity of the pin.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first and second rows of female connectors are fixed to the two sides of the second PCB board by welding, and the bottom of the first and second rows of female connectors is provided with positioning feet, and the second PCB board is provided with positioning holes that match the positioning feet.

[0018] In one embodiment, both the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal are elastic contact pieces. The elastic contact piece includes a fixing part, a bending part, and a contact part. The contact part is inclined toward the center of the socket to form a clamping force on the pin header.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention discloses a PCB assembly, which includes a first PCB board, a second PCB board and the aforementioned PCB connector;

[0020] The first PCB board has a pin header mounting area, and the pin header is fixed to the pin header mounting area by a pin header fixing plastic;

[0021] The second PCB board is provided with a double-sided female connector mounting area, which includes an array of through holes penetrating the second PCB board. The first female connector is fixed to the first side surface of the second PCB board, and the second female connector is fixed to the second side surface of the second PCB board.

[0022] The first PCB board and the second PCB board are connected in parallel through the PCB connector, and the pin header is perpendicular to the surface of the second PCB board. When the pin header is inserted into the insertion channel, it simultaneously contacts and conducts with the first contact terminal and the second contact terminal, forming a parallel electrical connection path.

[0023] Thirdly, the present invention discloses a vehicle that includes the aforementioned PCB assembly.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. This invention employs an integrated assembly structure where the pin header passes through the through holes of the first row of female connectors, the second PCB board, and the second row of female connectors, providing all-around enclosure and limiting fixation for the pin header. The first row of female connectors and the second row of female connectors on both sides of the second PCB board work together to effectively enhance the clamping and limiting effect on the pin header. With the help of the dual-point support structure, the pin header's skewing and deformation under vibration, impact, and repeated insertion and removal conditions are suppressed, improving the insertion and mating strength and effectively improving the mechanical stability of the overall board-to-board connection.

[0026] 2. The pin header of this invention forms a parallel electrical connection circuit with both the first and second contact terminals, creating a redundant conduction path. Even under complex operating conditions such as strong vibration, if a momentary contact anomaly occurs on one side of the contact, the contact terminal on the other side can still stably maintain circuit conduction, ensuring continuous signal transmission and effectively improving the electrical connection reliability and environmental adaptability of the connector during long-term use.

[0027] 3. The pin header structure of the first PCB board in this invention is fully compatible with existing industry standard structures, requiring no new mold design or structural modifications. Adaptation is achieved simply by adding a double-sided female header structure to the second PCB board, without significant alterations to the original PCB layout and manufacturing process. Furthermore, compared to high-cost floating connectors, this invention achieves vibration resistance and conductivity reliability comparable to floating connectors through optimized combinations of conventional female header structures. By relying on structural innovation to improve overall performance, without depending on high-specification materials and complex processes, it effectively controls overall production and material costs while ensuring reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This paper shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the PCB connector before assembly.

[0029] Figure 2 This paper shows a three-dimensional structural diagram of the PCB connector after assembly.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the insertion state of the PCB connector of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of the mating of the PCB connector of this application is shown;

[0032] Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled state of the PCB assembly of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram showing an exploded view of the PCB assembly of this application from another perspective.

[0034] Figure 7 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the PCB assembly in the completed state of this application is shown;

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1-Pin header, 2-First female header, 21-First socket, 22-First contact terminal, 3-Second female header, 31-Second socket, 32-Second contact terminal, 4-First PCB board, 5-Second PCB board, 6-Pin header fixing plastic, 61-Plastic segment. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the PCB connector includes a plurality of pin headers 1, a first row of female headers 2, and a second row of female headers 3. The plurality of pin headers 1 are fixed to a first PCB board 4; the first row of female headers 2 are fixed to a first side surface of a second PCB board 5, and the second row of female headers 3 are fixed to a second side surface of the second PCB board 5, wherein the first side surface and the second side surface are two board surfaces facing each other.

[0039] Specifically, the first row of female connectors 2 has a first socket 21, the second row of female connectors 3 has a second socket 31, and the second PCB board 5 has a through hole penetrating its body. The first socket 21, the through hole, and the second socket 31 are coaxially aligned to form a plug-in channel adapted to the pin header 1. The first row of female connectors 2 has a first contact terminal 22, and the second row of female connectors 3 has a second contact terminal 32; the first contact terminal 22 and the second contact terminal 32 are respectively electrically connected to the same circuit of the second PCB board 5. When the pin header 1 is inserted into the plug-in channel, it simultaneously contacts and conducts with the first contact terminal 22 and the second contact terminal 32, forming a parallel electrical connection path.

[0040] In this embodiment, the pin header 1 passes through the through holes of the first female header 2, the second PCB board 5, and the second female header 3, forming an integrated assembly structure. This structure provides all-around enclosure and constraint for the pin header 1, effectively improving mechanical stability. The first female header 2 and the second female header 3 arranged on both sides of the second PCB board 5 cooperate and coordinate to limit the pin header. Through the dual-point support structure, the clamping effect on the pin header 1 is significantly enhanced, effectively suppressing the skewing and deformation of the pin header 1 under vibration, impact, and repeated insertion and removal conditions, thereby improving the insertion fit strength and enhancing the mechanical connection stability between the two boards.

[0041] From an electrical connection perspective, pin header 1 forms a parallel electrical connection loop with the first contact terminal 22 and the second contact terminal 32, creating a redundant conduction structure. In complex usage scenarios such as strong vibration, even if a momentary contact anomaly occurs on one side of the contact terminal, the other side of the contact terminal can still maintain stable conduction, ensuring continuous signal transmission and significantly improving the electrical connection reliability and environmental adaptability of the connector during long-term use.

[0042] In terms of industrialization, the pin header structure of the first PCB board 4 conforms to existing industry standards, requiring no new mold design or structural modifications. Adaptation is achieved simply by adding a double-sided female header structure to the second PCB board 5, without significant alterations to the existing PCB layout and manufacturing process. Compared to costly floating connectors, this invention achieves excellent vibration resistance and stable conductivity through optimized combinations of conventional female header structures. This solution optimizes overall performance through structural innovation, eliminating the need for high-specification materials and complex processing techniques, effectively reducing overall material and production costs while ensuring connection reliability.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the PCB connector also includes a pin header fixing plastic 6, in which pin headers 1 are embedded to fix their positions. The pin header fixing plastic 6 integrates multiple pin headers 1 into a single unit, forming an integral positioning structure. This effectively ensures the spacing, perpendicularity, and parallelism between the pin headers, preventing misalignment or skewness during the assembly of individual pin headers. This provides a reliable structural foundation for precise insertion with double-sided female connectors and improves the overall assembly yield of the connector.

[0044] The pin header fixing plastic 6 is arranged in two or more plastic segments 61 at intervals along the length of the pin header 1, with a gap between adjacent plastic segments 61. The gap is set according to the length and rigidity of the pin header 1. The plastic segments 61 ensure the clamping and fixing effect of the pin header, preventing the pin header from shaking or loosening; the gap design also realizes stress buffering, solving the defect of one-piece plastic structure being prone to failure due to stress concentration. This allows the connector to maintain stable mechanical and electrical performance in harsh environments such as high and low temperature cycling and long-term vibration, providing a guarantee for reliable connection throughout its entire life cycle.

[0045] In another preferred embodiment, the first row of females 2 and the second row of females 3 are fixed to the two side surfaces of the second PCB board 5 by welding. The bottom of the first row of females 2 and the second row of females 3 are provided with positioning feet, and the second PCB board 5 is provided with positioning holes that match the positioning feet.

[0046] The mating structure of the positioning pins and positioning holes enables the first row of females 2 and the second row of females 3 to be quickly and accurately aligned on the second PCB board 5 before soldering. This effectively prevents the females from shifting or tilting during soldering, and ensures the coaxiality between the first insertion hole 21 of the first row of females 2, the second insertion hole 31 of the second row of females 3 and the through hole on the second PCB board 5. This provides a reliable structural foundation for the smooth insertion of the subsequent pin headers 1, and greatly improves the assembly yield and consistency.

[0047] In a further preferred embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, both the first contact terminal 22 and the second contact terminal 32 are elastic contact pieces. The elastic contact piece includes a fixing part, a bending part, and a contact part. The contact part is inclined towards the center of the socket to form an elastic clamping force on the pin header 1.

[0048] The elastic contact piece, through the inclined structure of the contact portion and the elastic deformation of the bending portion, can form a constant contact pressure after the pin header 1 is inserted, ensuring a tight fit between the pin header 1 and the contact terminal, avoiding problems such as increased contact resistance and unstable signal transmission caused by gaps, and ensuring electrical conductivity during long-term use.

[0049] The elastic structure of the bending part can adaptively compensate for the displacement and sway of the pin header under vibration and impact conditions, maintain continuous contact between the contact part and the pin header 1, effectively alleviate the instantaneous poor contact caused by vibration, and greatly improve the working stability of the connector in a vibration environment.

[0050] The inclined contact portion guides the pin header 1 to be inserted and pulled out smoothly, reducing mechanical wear during the insertion and removal process; at the same time, the elastic deformation can compensate for the dimensional tolerances and assembly errors of the pin header, reducing the requirements for the machining accuracy of the parts, and improving the service life and assembly compatibility of the connector while ensuring reliable contact.

[0051] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, a second aspect of the present invention discloses a PCB assembly comprising a first PCB board 4, a second PCB board 5, and the aforementioned PCB connector.

[0052] Specifically, the first PCB board 4 is provided with a pin header mounting area, and the pin header 1 is fixed to the pin header mounting area by the pin header fixing plastic 6; the second PCB board 5 is provided with a double-sided female header mounting area, which includes an array of through holes penetrating the second PCB board 5, the first female header 2 is fixed to the first side surface of the second PCB board 5, and the second female header 3 is fixed to the second side surface of the second PCB board 5.

[0053] The first PCB board 4 and the second PCB board 5 are connected in parallel via the PCB connector, and the pin header 1 is perpendicular to the surface of the second PCB board 5. When the pin header 1 is inserted into the insertion channel, it simultaneously contacts and conducts electricity with the first contact terminal 22 and the second contact terminal 32, forming a parallel electrical connection path. This PCB assembly fully utilizes the technical advantages of the double-sided female connector structure to achieve highly reliable vertical connections between boards, making it particularly suitable for vehicles with stringent requirements for connection reliability.

[0054] A third aspect of the present invention discloses a vehicle comprising the aforementioned PCB assembly. The first PCB board 4 in the PCB assembly serves as a power board, integrating power devices such as MOSFETs, and its main function is to perform high-speed switching operations under the control of a drive signal. The second PCB board 5 serves as a driver board, integrating control devices such as a driver chip, and its main function is to control the MOSFETs on the power board by generating a drive signal through the driver chip. The drive signal is transmitted between the first PCB board 4 and the second PCB board 5 via the PCB connector.

[0055] It should be noted that the functional roles of the first PCB board 4 and the second PCB board 5 can be interchanged in different application scenarios. That is, the first PCB board 4 can also be used as a driver board, and the second PCB board 5 can be used as a power board, in which case the transmission direction of the drive signal is adjusted accordingly. However, in this embodiment and the corresponding figures, the first PCB board 4 is the power board and the second PCB board 5 is the driver board, to maintain consistency with the reference numerals in the figures.

[0056] In a vehicle application scenario, the PCB assembly is used in the vehicle's motor control system, wherein the power board is used to control the power output of the motor, and the driver board is used to generate precise PWM control signals.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent substitutions or improvements to the present invention without departing from its technical concept. For example, the structure for fixing the pin header to the plastic can be a continuous or segmented design; the shape of the contact terminals can adopt different elastic structures; the connection method of the PCB board can be vertical or parallel, etc. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features within them can be combined with each other. All these variations should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PCB connector, characterized in that: Includes several rows of pins (1), the first row of pins (2), and the second row of pins (3); Several of the pin headers (1) are fixed to the first PCB board (4); The first row of females (2) is fixed to the first side surface of the second PCB board (5), and the second row of females (3) is fixed to the second side surface of the second PCB board (5). The first side surface and the second side surface are two board surfaces facing each other. The first pin header (2) is provided with a first socket (21), the second pin header (3) is provided with a second socket (31), and the second PCB board (5) is provided with a through hole that penetrates its board body. The first socket (21), the through hole and the second socket (31) are coaxially aligned to form a plug-in channel that is compatible with the pin header (1). The first row of female connectors (2) is provided with a first contact terminal (22), and the second row of female connectors (3) is provided with a second contact terminal (32). The first contact terminal (22) and the second contact terminal (32) are respectively electrically connected to the same circuit of the second PCB board (5). When the pin (1) is inserted into the insertion channel, it simultaneously contacts and conducts with the first contact terminal (22) and the second contact terminal (32) to form a parallel electrical connection path.

2. The PCB connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pin fixing plastic (6), in which the pins (1) are embedded to fix the position of the pins (1).

3. The PCB connector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin-fixing plastic (6) is arranged in two or more plastic segments (61) at intervals along the length direction of the pin (1), and there is a gap between adjacent plastic segments (61), which is set according to the length and rigidity of the pin (1).

4. The PCB connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first row of females (2) and the second row of females (3) are fixed to the two sides of the second PCB board (5) by welding. The bottom of the first row of females (2) and the second row of females (3) are provided with positioning feet, and the second PCB board (5) is provided with positioning holes that match the positioning feet.

5. The PCB connector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first contact terminal (22) and the second contact terminal (32) are both elastic contact pieces. The elastic contact piece includes a fixing part, a bending part and a contact part. The contact part is inclined toward the center of the socket to form a clamping force on the pin header (1).

6. A PCB assembly, characterized in that: It includes a first PCB board (4), a second PCB board (5), and a PCB connector as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; The first PCB board (4) is provided with a pin header mounting area, and the pin header (1) is fixed to the pin header mounting area by a pin header fixing plastic (6); The second PCB board (5) is provided with a double-sided female connector mounting area, the double-sided female connector mounting area includes an array of through holes penetrating the second PCB board (5), the first female connector (2) is fixed to the first side surface of the second PCB board (5), and the second female connector (3) is fixed to the second side surface of the second PCB board (5); The first PCB board (4) and the second PCB board (5) are connected in parallel through the PCB connector, and the pin header (1) is perpendicular to the surface of the second PCB board (5). When the pin header (1) is inserted into the insertion channel, it simultaneously contacts and conducts with the first contact terminal (22) and the second contact terminal (32) to form a parallel electrical connection path.

7. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the PCB assembly as described in claim 6.

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