A reactive voltage coordinated control method and system based on fuzzy control

Abstract

The application discloses a reactive power and voltage coordinated control method and system based on fuzzy control, and relates to the technical field of reactive power and voltage coordinated control. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time operation data of a power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation and their change rates of system nodes; taking the real-time operation data as input variables to perform fuzzy reasoning to obtain a reactive power compensation amount; acquiring operation characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices, including response speed and reactive power capacity of the devices; distributing the reactive power compensation amount according to the operation characteristic parameters to determine control instructions of the reactive power compensation devices and control the reactive power compensation devices to cooperatively perform reactive power and voltage regulation. The application realizes dynamic trend perception by introducing the change rates of the voltage deviation and the reactive power deviation, and performs differentiated coordinated distribution according to the response speed and the reactive power capacity of different reactive power compensation devices, thereby improving voltage stability of the power system under new energy fluctuation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reactive power and voltage coordination control technology, and more specifically, to a reactive power and voltage coordination control method and system based on fuzzy control. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale integration of new energy power generation and distributed power sources, the power grid operation exhibits strong volatility and uncertainty, leading to dynamic changes in voltage deviation and reactive power demand. To maintain grid voltage stability, reactive power control methods are typically employed, which compensate for reactive power in the grid by adjusting reactive power compensation equipment.

[0003] Existing reactive power voltage control methods typically determine reactive power regulation commands based on voltage state information, such as establishing a mapping relationship between voltage state and reactive power regulation quantities based on preset rules or fuzzy control methods. However, existing methods mainly rely on the current operating state for control and do not fully consider the impact of changes in grid state on reactive power demand, resulting in the determined reactive power regulation quantities being difficult to accurately match dynamically changing reactive power demand.

[0004] Furthermore, power grids typically contain various reactive power regulation resources, which differ in response speed, regulation capacity, and operational constraints. Existing methods often employ fixed control strategies or preset priorities for equipment regulation, failing to fully consider the capability differences between different reactive power regulation resources. This can easily lead to unreasonable allocation of reactive power regulation resources and insufficient equipment coordination control effects.

[0005] Therefore, existing reactive power voltage control methods have the problems of being unable to accurately determine reactive power regulation demand based on the dynamic operating status of the power grid, and being unable to achieve coordinated control based on the characteristics of different reactive power regulation resources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a reactive power and voltage coordination control method and system based on fuzzy control. By introducing the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation, the dynamic changing trend of grid voltage and reactive power is sensed, and differentiated coordination allocation is performed according to the response speed and reactive power capacity of different reactive power compensation devices. This solves the technical problems of existing reactive power and voltage control methods being unable to accurately determine reactive power regulation demand based on the dynamic operating state of the grid, and unable to achieve coordinated control based on the characteristics of different reactive power regulation resources.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control includes the following steps: acquiring real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation of system nodes; performing fuzzy inference using the real-time operating data as input variables to obtain reactive power compensation; acquiring operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system, wherein the operating characteristic parameters include at least the device's response speed and reactive power capacity; allocating the reactive power compensation based on the operating characteristic parameters, determining the control commands for each reactive power compensation device, and controlling each reactive power compensation device to collaboratively perform reactive power and voltage regulation.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation are determined based on the changes in voltage deviation and reactive power deviation corresponding to adjacent sampling times, respectively.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the fuzzy rule base in the preset fuzzy controller is established based on the relationships between the real-time operating data, including: when the rate of change of voltage deviation represents an increasing trend in the absolute value of voltage deviation, and the rate of change of reactive power deviation represents an increasing trend in the reactive power deficit of the system, the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output by the fuzzy controller is greater than the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output when the corresponding rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions; when the rate of change of voltage deviation represents a decreasing trend in the absolute value of voltage deviation, and the rate of change of reactive power deviation represents a decreasing trend in the reactive power deficit of the system, the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output by the fuzzy controller is less than the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output when the corresponding rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, obtaining the reactive power compensation amount includes: fuzzifying the voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, rate of change of voltage deviation, and rate of change of reactive power deviation to obtain the corresponding fuzzy input amount; performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy input amount according to a preset fuzzy rule base to obtain the fuzzy output amount; and defuzzifying the fuzzy output amount to obtain the reactive power compensation amount.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy input quantity according to a preset fuzzy rule library includes: determining the current voltage change direction and the reactive power change direction based on the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation; determining the corresponding target fuzzy rule from the preset fuzzy rule library based on the current voltage change direction and the reactive power change direction; and performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy input quantity based on the target fuzzy rule to obtain the fuzzy output quantity.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the step of allocating the reactive power compensation amount according to the operating characteristic parameters includes: decomposing the reactive power compensation amount according to the response speed of each reactive power compensation device to determine the fast response compensation amount and the continuous compensation amount; allocating the fast response compensation amount to the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed, and allocating the continuous compensation amount to the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity; and adjusting the corresponding control commands according to the actual output state of each reactive power compensation device so that each reactive power compensation device can work together to complete the output of the reactive power compensation amount.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, adjusting the corresponding control commands according to the actual output status of each reactive power compensation device includes: obtaining the capacity occupancy ratio between the current reactive power output of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed and its rated reactive power capacity; when the capacity occupancy ratio reaches a preset ratio, reducing the compensation allocation corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed and increasing the compensation allocation corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity. Update the control commands for each reactive power compensation device according to the adjusted compensation allocation.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, controlling the reactive power compensation devices to coordinately perform reactive voltage regulation includes: when the rate of change of the voltage deviation and the rate of change of the reactive power deviation exceed a preset range, controlling the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed to prioritize outputting the fast response compensation amount; when the rate of change of the voltage deviation and the rate of change of the reactive power deviation return to the preset range, controlling the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity to increase its output and reducing the output of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, after controlling the reactive power compensation devices to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation, the method further includes: obtaining the actual reactive power output of each reactive power compensation device in the current control cycle, and calculating the output deviation between the actual reactive power output and the target output in the corresponding control command; determining the degree of device regulation influence corresponding to the output deviation based on the output deviation and the response speed of each reactive power compensation device; when the output deviation corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is greater than a preset deviation range, reducing the compensation allocation ratio corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed, and allocating the reduced portion to other reactive power compensation devices; and updating the control command for the next control cycle based on the adjusted compensation allocation ratio.

[0016] A reactive power and voltage coordination control system based on fuzzy control includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation of system nodes; a fuzzy control module for performing fuzzy inference using the real-time operating data as input variables to obtain reactive power compensation; a parameter acquisition module for acquiring operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system, wherein the operating characteristic parameters include at least the response speed and reactive power capacity of the devices; and a coordination control module for allocating the reactive power compensation based on the operating characteristic parameters, determining the control commands for each reactive power compensation device, and controlling each reactive power compensation device to coordinately perform reactive power and voltage regulation.

[0017] This invention acquires the voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and corresponding rate of change of system nodes, and uses this real-time operating data as fuzzy control input variables to calculate the reactive power compensation amount. This allows the reactive power compensation control process to simultaneously consider the current operating state and the changing trend, improving the adaptability of reactive power compensation amount determination. Simultaneously, this invention acquires the operating characteristic parameters of different reactive power compensation devices and allocates the reactive power compensation amount according to the device's response speed and reactive power capacity. This enables different types of reactive power compensation devices to participate in reactive power and voltage regulation according to their own adjustment capabilities, achieving coordinated control among various reactive power compensation devices. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control, provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a reactive power and voltage coordination control system based on fuzzy control provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the process of adjusting the capacity occupancy ratio provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the IEEE 14-node system topology provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: This example provides a reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control for reactive power regulation and node voltage stability control during power system operation. Existing reactive power and voltage control methods typically determine compensation requirements based on current voltage or reactive power deviations, failing to fully consider voltage change trends and dynamic reactive power changes, leading to lag in compensation response. Furthermore, different types of reactive power compensation equipment in the power system differ in response speed and reactive power capacity, making it difficult for single-equipment control to simultaneously address the issues of rapid transient response and steady-state continuous support. This example acquires real-time power system operating data and uses fuzzy reasoning based on voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and corresponding rates of change to determine reactive power compensation requirements. Further, by combining the operating characteristic parameters of each reactive power compensation device, the reactive power compensation requirements are coordinated and allocated, enabling different types of reactive power compensation devices to collaboratively perform reactive power and voltage regulation according to their own response capabilities.

[0021] Specifically, this embodiment first collects node voltage and reactive power information during the operation of the power system. Based on the actual operating state of the nodes, it determines the voltage deviation and reactive power deviation, and determines the corresponding rate of change based on the deviation changes at adjacent sampling times to characterize the dynamic trend of the current voltage and reactive power states. Subsequently, the real-time operating data is input into a fuzzy control process, and reactive power compensation is obtained through fuzzification, fuzzy rule reasoning, and defuzzification. Based on this, the reactive power compensation is decomposed and allocated according to the operating characteristic parameters of the reactive power compensation equipment, such as response speed and reactive power capacity, generating corresponding control commands. The control process is then adjusted according to the actual output state of the equipment to achieve coordinated control among various reactive power compensation devices.

[0022] In this embodiment, the reactive power compensation equipment may include reactive power regulation equipment with different dynamic response characteristics, such as fast-response reactive power compensation equipment and capacity-type reactive power compensation equipment, but is not limited to the above-mentioned equipment types. Through the above control process, the determination process of reactive power compensation demand is matched with the actual regulation capability of the reactive power compensation equipment, thereby improving the coordination of the reactive power voltage regulation process of the power system.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 As shown, the reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control provided in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps: S1, acquire real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation of system nodes; This step is used to obtain input data that reflects the current operating status and dynamic trends of the power system, providing a data foundation for subsequent reactive power compensation demand calculation based on fuzzy control.

[0024] Specifically, during the operation of a power system, electrical operating parameters of each node are collected in real time using data acquisition devices installed at each node. These data acquisition devices include voltage acquisition devices and current acquisition devices. The voltage acquisition devices acquire node voltage signals, and the current acquisition devices acquire node current signals. Based on the node voltage and current signals, the actual voltage and reactive power values ​​of the corresponding nodes are calculated.

[0025] Let the first power system be The rated voltage of each node is Current sampling time The actual voltage value obtained is Then determine the first Voltage deviation of each node at the current sampling time: (1) in, Indicates the first Each node at the current sampling time The corresponding voltage deviation.

[0026] Furthermore, let the first The reactive power reference value of each node is Current sampling time The actual reactive power value obtained is Then determine the first Reactive power deviation at the current sampling time of each node: (2) in, Indicates the first Each node at the current sampling time The corresponding reactive power deviation.

[0027] Since the node voltage and reactive power in the power system have dynamic characteristics, it is difficult to reflect the development trend of the system operation status based solely on the voltage deviation and reactive power deviation at the current sampling time. Therefore, this embodiment further calculates the voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation change rate based on the deviation change between adjacent sampling periods.

[0028] Specifically, let the sampling period be... Then the first The rate of change of voltage deviation at each node in the current sampling period is: (3) in, Indicates the first The degree of change of reactive power deviation at each node over time.

[0029] Similarly, the first The rate of change of reactive power deviation at each node in the current sampling period is: (4) in, Indicates the first The degree of change of reactive power deviation at each node over time.

[0030] Furthermore, in order to reduce the impact of measurement noise in the acquired signal on the calculation results of the rate of change, the continuously acquired voltage deviation data and reactive power deviation data can be digitally filtered before calculating the voltage deviation rate of change and reactive power deviation rate of change to obtain smoothed deviation data, and the corresponding rate of change can be calculated based on the filtered deviation data.

[0031] This embodiment introduces a deviation change rate on top of the current deviation amount, so that the input variables of the fuzzy controller simultaneously include the current operating status of the system and the dynamic change trend information, providing a basis for judgment in subsequent steps to adjust the reactive power compensation amount according to the change trend.

[0032] The above method yields results including voltage deviation. reactive power deviation Voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation rate Real-time operational data, including [data from previous years].

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the voltage deviation change rate is used to characterize the dynamic change direction of the voltage deviation: when When the value is positive and the absolute value increases, it indicates that the voltage deviation is expanding and the node voltage is deviating further from the rated value; when When the value is negative and the absolute value increases, it indicates that the voltage deviation is decreasing and the node voltage is recovering to the rated value.

[0034] The reactive power deviation change rate is used to characterize the dynamic trend of reactive power supply and demand in the system: when When the value is positive and its absolute value increases, it indicates that the reactive power deviation is expanding, and the reactive power deficit of the system is further increasing; when When the value is negative and the absolute value increases, it indicates that the reactive power deviation is decreasing and the reactive power deficit of the system is gradually decreasing.

[0035] By simultaneously acquiring the current deviation and the rate of change of deviation, the subsequent fuzzy control process can simultaneously consider the current operating state and dynamic trend of the power system, avoiding the regulation lag problem caused by determining compensation requirements solely based on static deviation.

[0036] S2, using real-time operating data as input variables for fuzzy inference, to obtain the reactive power compensation amount; The real-time operating data obtained in step S1 is used as input variables and input to a preset fuzzy controller. The fuzzy controller has a four-input, single-output structure. The four input variables correspond to the current voltage deviation, reactive power imbalance, and their dynamic trends, respectively. The output variable is the total reactive power compensation required by the system. .

[0037] In this embodiment, the fuzzy reasoning process specifically includes the following sub-steps: S21, fuzzification is the process of converting precise input variable values ​​into fuzzy linguistic variable values, that is, mapping precise quantities to the membership degrees of corresponding fuzzy subsets. In this embodiment, the four input variables are divided into multiple fuzzy levels. Taking voltage deviation as an example... For example, it is divided into five fuzzy levels: “Negative Large (NB)”, “Negative Small (NS)”, “Zero (ZO)”, “Positive Small (PS)”, and “Positive Large (PB)”. Each fuzzy level corresponds to a fuzzy subset, and each fuzzy subset has an overlapping region in the universe of discourse.

[0038] In this embodiment, the universe of discourse for each input variable is preset based on the system's rated parameters. For example, the universe of discourse for voltage deviation is... (Based on rated voltage), the domain of reactive power deviation is: The domain ranges of the voltage deviation rate of change and the reactive power deviation rate of change are set according to the dynamic response characteristics of the system.

[0039] In this embodiment, the membership function of each fuzzy subset adopts the triangular membership function. Taking voltage deviation as an example... For example, the triangular membership functions for its five fuzzy levels are defined as follows: Negative Large (NB): When the voltage deviation is negative and the absolute value is large, it has a high membership degree; Negative Small (NS): When the voltage deviation is negative and the absolute value is small, it has a high degree of membership; Zero (ZO): High membership degree when the voltage deviation is close to zero; Positive Small (PS): When the voltage deviation is positive and the absolute value is small, it has a high membership degree; Positive (PB): When the voltage deviation is positive and the absolute value is large, it has a high degree of membership.

[0040] Similarly, regarding reactive power deviation Voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation rate Each input variable is subjected to fuzzification processing, and the same fuzzy level division method and triangular membership function are used for each input variable to obtain the fuzzy input quantity corresponding to each input variable.

[0041] Through the above fuzzification process, the four precise input variable values ​​are converted into membership vectors corresponding to each fuzziness level, providing input for subsequent fuzzy inference.

[0042] S22, Fuzzy reasoning is the process of reasoning about fuzzy input quantities based on a preset fuzzy rule base to obtain fuzzy output quantities.

[0043] In this embodiment, the fuzzy rule base contains multiple fuzzy conditional statements in the form of "IF-THEN". These rules are pre-established based on the physical coupling relationship between voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and their corresponding rates of change. The establishment of the rule base comprehensively considers the operational experience and expert knowledge of reactive power and voltage control in power systems. Each rule corresponds to a specific mapping relationship between system operating state and control decision.

[0044] For example, the fuzzy rule base contains the following rules: Rule 1: IF For "large negative" AND For "large negative value", THEN reactive power compensation amount For "upright and righteous"; Rule 2: IF For "Zhengda" AND For "large negative value", THEN reactive power compensation amount It is "negative and large"; Rule 3: IF "Zero" AND The reactive power compensation is "zero". It is "zero".

[0045] The above rules mean that when the system voltage is seriously low and the reactive power is seriously insufficient (Rule 1), reactive power compensation needs to be increased significantly; when the system voltage is seriously high and the reactive power is excessive (Rule 2), reactive power compensation needs to be reduced or reactive power needs to be absorbed; when both the system voltage and reactive power are within the rated range (Rule 3), no reactive power compensation adjustment is required.

[0046] Furthermore, the fuzzy rule base also includes dynamic trend matching rules based on the rate of change: Rule 4: IF The absolute value of the indicated voltage deviation is trending upwards AND The reactive power deficit is showing an increasing trend; THEN reactive power compensation amount The absolute value of the reactive power compensation is greater than the absolute value of the output reactive power compensation when the rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions. Rule 5: IF The absolute value of the indicated voltage deviation is decreasing AND The reactive power deficit is showing a decreasing trend, THEN reactive power compensation amount The absolute value of the reactive power compensation is less than the absolute value of the output reactive power compensation when the rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions.

[0047] When determining the reactive power compensation amount, the above rules not only consider the current voltage deviation and reactive power deviation, but also the dynamic trend of their changes. When the deviation trend worsens, the compensation intensity is increased, and when the deviation trend improves, the compensation intensity is decreased, thereby achieving a compensation effect that is ahead of the static deviation.

[0048] In this embodiment, when performing fuzzy inference based on the fuzzy rule base, the target fuzzy rule participating in the inference is also determined according to the current dynamic change direction. Specifically: First, based on the voltage deviation rate of change The sign of the voltage indicates the direction of the current voltage change: when When, it indicates that the absolute value of the voltage deviation is increasing; when When this occurs, it indicates that the absolute value of the voltage deviation is decreasing.

[0049] Secondly, based on the reactive power deviation rate of change The sign of the variable determines the direction of the current reactive power change: when When this occurs, it indicates that the system's reactive power deficit is increasing; when... When this occurs, it indicates that the reactive power deficit of the system is decreasing.

[0050] Then, based on the current voltage change direction and the current reactive power change direction, the corresponding target fuzzy rule is determined from the fuzzy rule base. For example, when the voltage deviation change rate indicates that the absolute value of the voltage deviation is increasing and the reactive power deviation change rate indicates that the reactive power deficit is increasing, rule 4 and its adjacent rules are determined as target fuzzy rules; when the voltage deviation change rate indicates that the absolute value of the voltage deviation is decreasing and the reactive power deviation change rate indicates that the reactive power deficit is decreasing, rule 5 and its adjacent rules are determined as target fuzzy rules.

[0051] Finally, fuzzy inference is performed on the fuzzy input quantities based on the target fuzzy rules to obtain the fuzzy output quantities. For fuzzy rules that do not match the current voltage change direction and reactive power change direction, they do not participate in the main inference process within the current control cycle, so as to improve the matching degree between the fuzzy rules and the current dynamic state of the system.

[0052] In this embodiment, the fuzzy inference adopts the Mamdani inference method. The Mamdani inference method calculates the activation intensity (trigger degree) of each rule by matching the input fuzzy quantity with the rule antecedent, and then truncates or scales the rule consequent according to the activation intensity to obtain the fuzzy output subset corresponding to each rule; finally, the fuzzy subsets of all rule outputs are combined (taking the maximum value) to obtain the total fuzzy output set.

[0053] For the number of rules is The fuzzy rule base, the first Activation strength of the rule Calculated using the following formula: (5) in, Indicates the first Rule number 1 The membership functions of the four input variables corresponding to the fuzzy subsets are used, and the minimum value of the membership degrees of the four input variables is taken as the activation strength of the rule (the "minimum" operator in Mamdani inference). The fuzzy subsets output by each rule are determined according to the activation strength. The membership function of the rule consequent is obtained by truncating it.

[0054] S23, Defuzzification is the process of converting the fuzzy output set obtained from fuzzy inference into precise control quantities.

[0055] In this embodiment, the defuzzification process employs the centroid method. The centroid method calculates the centroid position of the region enclosed by the membership function curve of the fuzzy output set and the horizontal axis, and uses the horizontal coordinate value corresponding to the centroid position as the precise reactive power compensation amount. .

[0056] The formula for calculating the center of gravity using the centroid method is: (6) in, For the membership function of the fuzzy output set, The reactive power compensation value is determined within the domain of discourse, and the integration interval covers the entire domain of the fuzzy output set. The precise value calculated by the centroid method can smoothly reflect the combined impact of each rule on the final output, avoiding output jumps.

[0057] Through the three sub-steps of fuzzification, fuzzy inference, and defuzzification, the four real-time operational data variables obtained in step S1 are transformed into precise total reactive power compensation quantities. .

[0058] In this embodiment, the fuzzy controller has four input variables (voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, voltage deviation rate of change, and reactive power deviation rate of change), and each input variable is divided into five fuzzy levels (negative large, negative small, zero, positive small, and positive large). The size of the fuzzy rule base is... The number of rules is 100. Since the computational load of fuzzy inference is directly related to the number of rules, in power system control scenarios with high real-time requirements, a rule subset selection strategy can be adopted. Based on the actual state of the current voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation change rate, a subset of rules that match the current dynamic trend is selected from the full rule library to participate in inference, thereby reducing the real-time computational load and meeting the response time requirements of rapid reactive power regulation.

[0059] S3, acquire the operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system, the operating characteristic parameters including at least the device's response speed and reactive power capacity; This step is used to obtain the operational capability characteristics of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system, providing parameter basis for the reasonable allocation of reactive power compensation based on the dynamic response capability and continuous compensation capability of different devices in subsequent steps.

[0060] Specifically, power systems are equipped with various types of reactive power compensation devices, such as static var compensators (SVCs), static synchronous compensators (SVGs), parallel capacitor banks, and synchronous condensers. Different types of reactive power compensation devices vary in response speed and reactive power regulation capability due to differences in control methods, power electronic device performance, and equipment capacity configuration. Therefore, this embodiment first obtains the equipment type information, operating status information, and equipment parameter information for each reactive power compensation device.

[0061] Assume that the power system contains The reactive power compensation device, the first Each reactive power compensation device is recorded as: ,in The operating parameters of each reactive power compensation device are obtained through equipment monitoring devices or equipment control systems, including the current operating status of the device, rated reactive power capacity, current reactive power output, and response time parameters.

[0062] The response speed is used to characterize the rapid adjustment capability of the reactive power compensation device from the current output state to the target output state. In this embodiment, response time is used. As the first Characteristic parameters of the response speed of a reactive power compensation device This indicates the time required for the device to reach the target value from receiving the control command to the actual output. The smaller the value, the faster the device responds. For example, the response time of a STATCOM is typically less than 20ms, while the response time of a parallel capacitor bank is typically more than 100ms.

[0063] Furthermore, obtain the reactive power capacity parameters of each reactive power compensation device. Let the first... The rated reactive power capacity of each reactive power compensation device is: This indicates the maximum reactive power output capability that the device can provide.

[0064] The response speed of each reactive power compensation device is obtained through the above methods. and reactive capacity This forms a set of operating characteristic parameters for reactive power compensation equipment.

[0065] Furthermore, to facilitate subsequent coordinated control, this embodiment classifies each reactive power compensation device according to the acquired operating characteristic parameters: Based on the response speed of each reactive power compensation device Classify reactive power compensation equipment, when At that time, determine the first This reactive power compensation device is a type of reactive power compensation device with a relatively fast response speed; when At that time, determine the first One reactive power compensation device is for the remaining reactive power compensation devices.

[0066] in, A preset response time threshold is used to distinguish a type of device with a faster response speed from other devices.

[0067] It should be noted that the preset response time threshold It can be preset according to the actual operating requirements of the power system. For example, in application scenarios where the dynamic response time is required to be no more than 50ms, it can be... Set to 50ms.

[0068] At the same time, according to reactive power capacity Identify a type of reactive power compensation equipment with a large reactive power capacity: when Determine the first These reactive power compensation devices are a type of reactive power compensation device with a large reactive power capacity; among them... To preset the reactive power capacity threshold, it can be pre-set based on the total reactive power demand of the system and the capacity distribution of each device. For example, for a 110kV substation (main transformer capacity 50MVA), the threshold can be... Set to 5Mvar.

[0069] The above classification method identifies the different roles of various reactive power compensation devices in dynamic regulation. Reactive power compensation devices with faster response speeds (such as STATCOM and SVC) are suitable for quickly suppressing voltage fluctuations and undertaking rapid response compensation tasks; reactive power compensation devices with larger reactive power capacity (such as parallel capacitor banks) are suitable for providing continuous reactive power support and undertaking continuous compensation tasks. These two types of devices form a synergistic relationship of "transient rapid response + steady-state continuous support."

[0070] Furthermore, this embodiment also obtains the current operating status of each reactive power compensation device to determine whether the device has the ability to continue to undertake the compensation task.

[0071] Specifically, to obtain the first The actual reactive power output of the reactive power compensation device at the current sampling time. And based on its rated reactive power capacity Calculate the percentage of capacity used: (7) in, Show the first The current capacity utilization rate of the reactive power compensation equipment. The closer the capacity utilization rate is to 1, the more limited the remaining adjustable capacity of the equipment.

[0072] Through the above method, this embodiment obtains information including response speed (in terms of response time). Characterization), reactive power capacity (based on rated reactive power capacity) (Characteristics) and current capacity utilization rate The operating characteristic parameters of the reactive power compensation equipment, including those in step S4, provide a data basis for decomposing the reactive power compensation amount and allocating control commands based on the equipment's operating characteristics.

[0073] S4. Based on the operating characteristic parameters, the reactive power compensation is allocated, the control commands for each reactive power compensation device are determined, and each reactive power compensation device is controlled to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation.

[0074] This step is used to allocate the output of the reactive power compensation amount determined in step S2 according to the operating characteristic parameters of each reactive power compensation device obtained in step S3, determine the control command corresponding to each reactive power compensation device, and control each reactive power compensation device to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation.

[0075] Specifically, the reactive power compensation amount output in step S2 As the reactive power compensation amount to be allocated, the operating characteristic parameters of each reactive power compensation device obtained in step S3 are used as the allocation basis. These operating characteristic parameters include at least response speed, reactive power capacity, and capacity occupancy ratio. The response speed reflects the rapid response capability of the reactive power compensation device in completing reactive power output regulation; the reactive power capacity reflects the maximum reactive power support capability that the reactive power compensation device can provide; and the capacity occupancy ratio reflects the current remaining regulation capacity of the reactive power compensation device.

[0076] The above allocation process will be described in detail below with reference to several preferred embodiments.

[0077] S41, In this embodiment, the reactive power compensation amount is first adjusted according to the difference in response speed of each reactive power compensation device. The components are decomposed to obtain the rapid response compensation amount and the continuous compensation amount.

[0078] Specifically, the reactive power compensation amount is expressed as: (8) in, This indicates the amount of rapid response compensation undertaken by reactive power compensation equipment with a fast response speed. This indicates the continuous compensation amount undertaken by reactive power compensation equipment with a large reactive power capacity.

[0079] Furthermore, based on the rate of change of voltage deviation obtained in step S1 and the rate of change of reactive power deviation Determine the current dynamic state of the system.

[0080] When the rate of change of voltage deviation The absolute value and the rate of change of reactive power deviation The sum of the absolute values ​​is greater than the preset change threshold. When the system voltage deviation and reactive power deviation fluctuate significantly and are in a state of rapid fluctuation, the fast response compensation amount should be increased. The proportion of the reactive power compensation amount allows reactive power compensation equipment with faster response speeds to take priority in undertaking the current reactive power regulation task. Conversely, when the rate of change of voltage deviation... The absolute value and the rate of change of reactive power deviation The sum of the absolute values ​​did not exceed the preset change threshold. When the system's operating state tends to stabilize, the continuous compensation amount is increased. The proportion of reactive power compensation equipment with a large reactive power capacity makes it possible for reactive power compensation equipment to undertake the main reactive power support task.

[0081] It should be noted that the preset change threshold To determine whether a system is in a state of rapid fluctuation, a preset method can be used based on the statistical characteristics of the voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation change rate under normal system operation. For example, historical data on the change rates under typical operating conditions can be collected, and the mean and standard deviation can be calculated before setting the method. For a 110kV substation, when the absolute value of the voltage deviation change rate exceeds 0.5% / s and the absolute value of the reactive power deviation change rate exceeds 2Mvar / s, the system can be determined to be in a state of rapid fluctuation. The specific values ​​mentioned above are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0082] The above method enables dynamic allocation of rapid response compensation and continuous compensation based on the dynamic changes in the system's state.

[0083] S42, In this embodiment, the fast response compensation amount The continuous compensation amount is allocated to reactive power compensation equipment with a faster response speed. Distribute to reactive power compensation equipment with large reactive power capacity.

[0084] Assume the number of reactive power compensation devices with fast response speed is . , No. The reactive power capacity of a fast-response reactive power compensation device is Then its initial fast response compensation amount is: (9) in, .

[0085] Using the above method, the fast-response compensation amount is allocated based on the difference in reactive power capacity among reactive power compensation devices with faster response speeds.

[0086] Similarly, let the number of reactive power compensation devices with large reactive power capacity be... , No. The reactive power capacity of a reactive power compensation device with a large reactive power capacity is: Then its initial continuous compensation amount is: (10) in, .

[0087] The above allocation method enables reactive power compensation equipment with faster response speed to handle reactive power compensation needs during rapid changes, and enables reactive power compensation equipment with larger reactive power capacity to handle continuous reactive power support needs.

[0088] S43, because reactive power compensation equipment may be in different capacity utilization states during operation, therefore, if Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the corresponding compensation allocation is further adjusted according to the capacity occupancy ratio of each reactive power compensation device.

[0089] Specifically, for the first The capacity utilization ratio of each reactive power compensation device. Based on the current reactive power output obtained in step S3 With reactive capacity The ratio is determined.

[0090] In reactive power compensation equipment with a fast response speed, the first Capacity utilization of individual devices Reaching the preset ratio This indicates that the current capacity utilization of the equipment is high, and the remaining adjustment capacity is reduced. In this case, the fast response compensation amount corresponding to the equipment should be reduced, and the reduced portion should be added to the continuous compensation amount corresponding to a reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity.

[0091] It should be noted that the above preset ratio The method for determining whether reactive power compensation equipment is approaching its capacity limit can be preset according to the equipment's safe operating margin requirements. For example, it can be... The setting is 80% to 90%, meaning that when the equipment capacity utilization rate reaches this value, it indicates that its remaining adjustment capacity is insufficient to cope with subsequent disturbances, and some compensation tasks should be transferred to other equipment. The specific values ​​mentioned above are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0092] No. The fast response compensation amount after adjustment of a reactive power compensation device with a relatively fast response speed for: (11) in, For the first The rapid response compensation amount before adjustment of a reactive power compensation device with a relatively fast response speed. For the first The remaining available capacity of the fast-response reactive power compensation equipment is determined. The adjusted fast-response compensation amount is the smaller of the original allocated compensation amount and the remaining available capacity, ensuring that it does not exceed the maximum adjustment capacity currently available to the equipment under any circumstances.

[0093] Let the amount of compensation transferred be ,like If the value is greater than 0, the compensation amount will be redistributed to reactive power compensation equipment with a larger reactive power capacity.

[0094] No. The adjusted continuous compensation amount for a reactive power compensation device with a large reactive power capacity is: (12) like A value not greater than 0 indicates that the reactive power compensation equipment with a fast response speed still has sufficient remaining capacity and does not need to be transferred.

[0095] The above adjustments prevent the reactive power compensation equipment with a fast response speed from being in a high-capacity occupancy state for a long time, while ensuring that the reactive power compensation amount remains unchanged overall.

[0096] S44 generates control commands for each reactive power compensation device based on the adjusted compensation allocation.

[0097] For reactive power compensation devices with fast response times, the control command is set to the corresponding fast-response compensation amount after adjustment; for reactive power compensation devices with large reactive power capacity, the control command is set to the corresponding continuous compensation amount after adjustment. Each control command is sent to the corresponding reactive power compensation device, causing each device to adjust according to its target reactive power output.

[0098] The control command is sent to the corresponding reactive power compensation device, so that each reactive power compensation device adjusts according to the target reactive power output.

[0099] During the process of controlling each reactive power compensation device to perform reactive voltage regulation, the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation obtained in step S1 are monitored in real time.

[0100] When the absolute values ​​of the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation exceed the corresponding preset change thresholds, it indicates that the changes in voltage deviation and reactive power deviation are large and the system is in a rapid fluctuation process. At this time, the reactive power compensation device with a faster control response speed will prioritize outputting the fast response compensation amount.

[0101] When the absolute values ​​of the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation return to below the corresponding preset change threshold, it indicates that the dynamic fluctuations of the system have become smoother. At this time, the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity is controlled to increase its output, while the output of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is reduced.

[0102] It should be noted that the aforementioned corresponding preset change threshold is the same as the preset change threshold in S41. Having the same physical meaning, both can be preset based on the statistical characteristics of the rate of change under normal system operation, and their specific values ​​can be the same as... The sensitivity can be set separately for the same or different voltage deviation and reactive power deviation, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0103] Through the above steps, different types of reactive power compensation equipment participate in reactive power voltage regulation according to their own operating characteristics, and complete the reactive power compensation output for this control cycle.

[0104] S45, after issuing the control command for this control cycle, this embodiment also performs the following closed-loop feedback correction process to improve the control accuracy of the next control cycle.

[0105] Specifically, obtain the actual reactive power output of each reactive power compensation device in the current control cycle. And calculate the output deviation between the actual reactive power output and the target output in the corresponding control command: (13) in, For the first The output deviation of the reactive power compensation device in the current control cycle For the first The target output of the reactive power compensation device in the current control cycle.

[0106] Furthermore, based on the output deviation The response speed of each reactive power compensation device is considered to determine the degree of equipment adjustment impact corresponding to the output deviation. For reactive power compensation devices with faster response speeds, their short response time allows for quicker reactive power output adjustment. When the output deviation corresponding to this device... A large value indicates that the device failed to track the target output in a timely manner within the current control cycle, and its adjustment capability may be limited by capacity constraints or dynamic response conditions.

[0107] When the output deviation of a reactive power compensation device with a fast response speed When the error exceeds the preset deviation range, the compensation allocation ratio of the reactive power compensation device with the faster response speed is reduced, and the reduced portion is allocated to other reactive power compensation devices, so that the compensation task is transferred to the device with relatively sufficient adjustment capacity in the next control cycle.

[0108] It should be noted that the aforementioned preset deviation range is used to determine whether the deviation between the actual output and the target output of the reactive power compensation equipment is too large, and can be preset according to the equipment control accuracy and measurement error. For example, the preset deviation range can be set to ±5% of the equipment's rated reactive power capacity; when the deviation exceeds this range, a distribution ratio correction is triggered. The specific values ​​mentioned above are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0109] The control command for the next control cycle is updated according to the adjusted compensation allocation ratio, so that the voltage deviation and reactive power deviation of the system nodes converge to the preset allowable range.

[0110] It should be noted that the aforementioned preset allowable range is used to determine whether the system node voltage deviation and reactive power deviation have converged to the acceptable range. For example, for a 110kV system, the preset allowable range for voltage deviation can be set to ±5% of the rated voltage. The specific values ​​mentioned above are merely illustrative and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0111] Example 2: To verify the effectiveness and superiority of the reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control provided by this invention, this example builds a power system simulation model with new energy access on the MATLAB / Simulink simulation platform, performs simulation verification of the proposed method, and conducts a comparative analysis with existing control methods.

[0112] I. Simulation System Setup This embodiment uses the IEEE 14-node standard test system as the basic network model, and extends the model according to the scenario of high proportion of new energy access. For example... Figure 4 As shown, a 100MW wind farm (composed of doubly-fed induction generator wind turbines) is connected at node 9, and an 80MW photovoltaic power station is connected at node 12 to simulate the reactive power and voltage control requirements under a large-scale renewable energy integration scenario. The system reference voltage is 110kV, and the reference capacity is 100MVA.

[0113] Regarding the configuration of reactive power compensation equipment, a set of static synchronous compensators (STATCOM) with a rated capacity of ±40Mvar is connected at node 6, with a response time of 15ms, which is classified as reactive power compensation equipment with a relatively fast response speed; parallel capacitor banks with a capacity of 10Mvar each are connected at nodes 4 and 14, for a total of 4 banks, with a response time of 200ms, which are classified as reactive power compensation equipment with a large reactive power capacity.

[0114] The simulation parameters are set as follows: sampling period is 0.02s, and total simulation time is 20s. In the fuzzy controller input variables, the domain of voltage deviation is [-5%, 5%], and the domain of reactive power deviation is [-20Mvar, 20Mvar]. Each input variable is divided into five fuzzy levels: negative large (NB), negative small (NS), zero (ZO), positive small (PS), and positive large (PB). The membership function uses a trigonometric function. A preset response time threshold is set. Set to 50ms, preset reactive power capacity threshold. Set to 15Mvar, preset change threshold Based on the statistical characteristics of the voltage deviation rate and reactive power deviation rate under normal system operation, the preset ratio is set. Set to 85%.

[0115] Since the new energy power sources are connected to nodes 9 and 12 respectively, this embodiment selects nodes 9 and 12 as nodes for evaluating voltage regulation effect, and uses the maximum voltage deviation between the two nodes as the evaluation index of system voltage stability: (14) II. Test Scenario Design To comprehensively verify the control effect of the method of the present invention under different operating conditions, the following three test scenarios were designed in this embodiment: Scenario 1 (Basic Operating Condition): The system is in normal operation, with wind power output at 60% of rated power, photovoltaic power output at 50% of rated power, and the load at the flat segment of a typical daily load curve. This scenario is used to verify the voltage regulation accuracy and equipment coordination performance of the method of this invention under steady-state operating conditions.

[0116] Scenario 2 (Fluctuating Renewable Energy Output): Wind power output fluctuates randomly within the range of 30% to 85% of rated power, with a fluctuation period of 5 seconds; photovoltaic output fluctuates within the range of 20% to 100% of rated power due to changes in sunlight intensity. This scenario is used to verify the dynamic response capability and voltage stability capability of the method of this invention under conditions of frequent fluctuations in renewable energy output.

[0117] Scenario 3 (Sudden Load Change Condition): The system is in The system experienced a 20% load surge disturbance, which lasted for 5 seconds before recovering. This scenario was used to verify the rapid adjustment capability and recovery characteristics of the method described in this invention under large disturbance conditions.

[0118] III. Comparison Method Settings To verify the effectiveness of the method of the present invention, this embodiment sets up the following two existing control methods for comparison: Comparison Method 1 (PID Control): A traditional PID controller is used, with voltage deviation as input. The reactive power compensation is calculated through proportional-integral-derivative links and directly output to each reactive power compensation device. Each device executes according to a fixed priority.

[0119] Comparison Method 2 (Reactive Voltage Control Method Based on Nine-Zone Diagram): The traditional nine-zone diagram control strategy is adopted. Based on the plane area where the voltage deviation and reactive power deviation are located, the switching of capacitor banks and the adjustment of transformer taps are determined according to the preset rule table.

[0120] The method of the present invention employs the reactive voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0121] IV. Simulation Results and Analysis In three test scenarios, reactive voltage control was performed using PID control, a reactive voltage control method based on a nine-zone diagram, and the method of this invention, respectively. The key performance indicators of each method are compared in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1. Comparison of key performance indicators of the three control methods under different test scenarios

[0123] As shown in Table 1, under basic operating conditions, the steady-state voltage deviation of the method of this invention is controlled within ±0.5%, which is better than the two comparative methods. Furthermore, the number of capacitor bank switching operations is reduced by approximately 76% compared to the nine-zone diagram control method, effectively avoiding frequent switching near voltage boundaries. Under conditions of fluctuating renewable energy, the maximum voltage deviation of the method of this invention is controlled within 3.0%, and the recovery time is shortened to 0.3s, while the nine-zone diagram control results in significant voltage fluctuations during the fluctuation process. Under conditions of sudden load changes, the method of this invention, through a fast-response compensation priority allocation strategy, enables the STATCOM to respond quickly after the disturbance occurs, controlling the maximum voltage drop within 5.0%, with a recovery time of only 0.5s, all of which are superior to the two comparative methods.

[0124] To further verify the technical effect of "dynamically adjusting the allocation amount according to the capacity occupancy ratio" in this invention (corresponding to claim 7), under the load change condition of scenario 3, the capacity occupancy ratio change of STATCOM, which has a faster response speed in the method of this invention, was monitored, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0125] Table 2. Changes in STATCOM capacity utilization under load surge conditions using the method of the present invention.

[0126] As shown in Table 2, during a sudden load surge, the STATCOM responds quickly, and its capacity utilization rate rapidly rises to 92%, exceeding the preset threshold of 85%. At this point, the method of this invention automatically triggers a capacity transfer mechanism, transferring approximately 15% of the compensation task from the STATCOM to the parallel capacitor bank. This causes the STATCOM's capacity utilization rate to drop back to 78% within 0.5 seconds, effectively preventing the STATCOM from being in a high capacity utilization state for an extended period, while ensuring the continuous output of total reactive power compensation.

[0127] To further verify the effect of the strategy of "determining the target fuzzy rule based on the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation" in this invention on improving real-time performance, the time consumption of a single inference was compared between using full rule inference and using the rule subset selection inference of this invention in scenario 2 (new energy fluctuation condition). The results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 Comparison of Real-Time Performance of Fuzzy Inference

[0128] As shown in Table 3, after using the rule subset selection based on the voltage deviation change rate and reactive power deviation change rate of the present invention, the actual number of rules participating in the inference is reduced from 625 to about 120-180, the rule calling ratio is reduced to about 19%-29%, and the average time of a single fuzzy inference is reduced from 8.2ms to about 2.1ms, which can better meet the requirements of real-time control of power systems for response speed.

[0129] In summary, the reactive power and voltage coordination control method based on fuzzy control proposed in this invention can effectively control voltage deviation, improve system voltage stability, and achieve reasonable coordination of reactive power compensation equipment under different operating conditions. Its comprehensive performance is superior to the PID control method and the reactive power and voltage control method based on the nine-zone diagram, and it can provide an effective technical solution for reactive power and voltage coordination control in scenarios with a high proportion of new energy access.

[0130] Example 3: A reactive power and voltage coordination control system based on fuzzy control, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation of system nodes. The fuzzy control module is used to perform fuzzy inference by using real-time operating data as input variables to obtain the reactive power compensation amount. The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system. The operating characteristic parameters include at least the device's response speed and reactive power capacity. The coordination control module is used to allocate the output of reactive power compensation according to the operating characteristic parameters, determine the control commands of each reactive power compensation device, and control each reactive power compensation device to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation.

[0131] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0132] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0134] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0135] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0136] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactive power and voltage coordinated control method based on fuzzy control, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation at system nodes; By using real-time operational data as input variables for fuzzy inference, the reactive power compensation amount is obtained. The operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system are obtained, and the operating characteristic parameters include at least the device's response speed and reactive power capacity. Based on the aforementioned operating characteristic parameters, the reactive power compensation is allocated, the control commands for each reactive power compensation device are determined, and the reactive power compensation devices are controlled to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation are determined based on the changes in voltage deviation and reactive power deviation at adjacent sampling times, respectively.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fuzzy rule base in the preset fuzzy controller is established based on the relationships between the real-time running data, including: When the rate of change of voltage deviation represents the absolute value of voltage deviation increasing, and the rate of change of reactive power deviation represents the reactive power deficit of the system increasing, the absolute value of reactive power compensation output by the fuzzy controller is greater than the absolute value of reactive power compensation output when the corresponding rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions. When the rate of change of voltage deviation represents a decreasing trend in the absolute value of voltage deviation, and the rate of change of reactive power deviation represents a decreasing trend in the reactive power deficit of the system, the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output by the fuzzy controller is less than the absolute value of the reactive power compensation output when the corresponding rate of change is zero under the same voltage deviation and the same reactive power deviation conditions.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The obtained reactive power compensation includes: The voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, rate of change of voltage deviation, and rate of change of reactive power deviation are fuzzified to obtain the corresponding fuzzy input quantities. Fuzzy inference is performed on the fuzzy input based on a preset fuzzy rule base to obtain the fuzzy output. The fuzzy output is defuzzified to obtain the reactive power compensation amount.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy input based on a preset fuzzy rule base includes: The current direction of voltage change and the direction of reactive power change are determined based on the rate of change of voltage deviation and the rate of change of reactive power deviation. Based on the current voltage change direction and reactive power change direction, the corresponding target fuzzy rule is determined from the preset fuzzy rule base; Fuzzy inference is performed on the fuzzy input based on the target fuzzy rules to obtain the fuzzy output.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of allocating reactive power compensation based on the operating characteristic parameters includes: The reactive power compensation amount is decomposed according to the response speed of each reactive power compensation device to determine the fast response compensation amount and the continuous compensation amount. The fast-response compensation is allocated to reactive power compensation equipment with a faster response speed, while the continuous compensation is allocated to reactive power compensation equipment with a larger reactive power capacity. The corresponding control commands are adjusted according to the actual output status of each reactive power compensation device so that each reactive power compensation device can work together to complete the output of reactive power compensation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment of the corresponding control commands based on the actual output status of each reactive power compensation device includes: Obtain the capacity occupancy ratio between the current reactive power output of the reactive power compensation device with a relatively fast response speed and its rated reactive power capacity; When the capacity occupancy ratio reaches the preset ratio, the compensation allocation corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is reduced, and the compensation allocation corresponding to the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity is increased. Update the control commands for each reactive power compensation device according to the adjusted compensation allocation.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control of each reactive power compensation device to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation includes: When the rate of change of the voltage deviation and the rate of change of the reactive power deviation exceed the preset range, the reactive power compensation device with the faster control response speed will prioritize outputting the fast response compensation amount. When the rate of change of the voltage deviation and the rate of change of the reactive power deviation return to the preset range, the reactive power compensation device with a larger reactive power capacity is controlled to increase its output, while the output of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is reduced.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, After controlling the reactive power compensation devices to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation, the method further includes: Obtain the actual reactive power output of each reactive power compensation device in the current control cycle, and calculate the output deviation between the actual reactive power output and the target output in the corresponding control command; Based on the output deviation and the response speed of each reactive power compensation device, determine the degree of equipment adjustment impact corresponding to the output deviation; When the output deviation of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is greater than the preset deviation range, the compensation allocation ratio of the reactive power compensation device with a faster response speed is reduced, and the reduced portion is allocated to other reactive power compensation devices. Update the control instructions for the next control cycle based on the adjusted compensation allocation ratio.

10. A reactive power and voltage coordination control system based on fuzzy control, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire real-time operating data of the power system, including voltage deviation, reactive power deviation, and the rate of change of voltage deviation and reactive power deviation of system nodes. The fuzzy control module is used to perform fuzzy inference by using real-time operating data as input variables to obtain the reactive power compensation amount. The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the operating characteristic parameters of various reactive power compensation devices in the power system. The operating characteristic parameters include at least the device's response speed and reactive power capacity. The coordination control module is used to allocate the output of reactive power compensation according to the operating characteristic parameters, determine the control commands of each reactive power compensation device, and control each reactive power compensation device to coordinately perform reactive power voltage regulation.

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