Multi-stage energy storage control method and device based on frequency domain decomposition, equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of multi-level energy storage control method, device, equipment and medium based on frequency domain decomposition, it is related to power electronics and energy storage collaborative control technical field.The method obtains the power prediction change in future preset length of load and direct current bus voltage, introduces feedback regulation when voltage deviation exceeds threshold value, obtains the feedback control quantity for indicating power correction direction and amplitude, and obtains total power demand by fusing predicted demand, carries out power distribution control according to frequency band decomposition and in combination with the response speed of each energy storage unit.The scheme can improve bus voltage stability and response speed, reduce overload and circulating current loss, and improve energy storage utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics and energy storage synergistic control technology, and in particular to a multi-level energy storage control method, device, equipment and medium based on frequency domain decomposition. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage systems are widely used in scenarios such as data centers, industrial loads, and microgrids. They employ multi-level energy storage units with different response speeds to provide power in coordination, thus balancing the needs for rapid response and large-capacity energy storage.

[0003] In existing technologies, the power distribution methods of multi-level energy storage systems mainly adopt a fixed ratio distribution strategy, that is, the total demand power is distributed to each energy storage unit in a fixed ratio according to the rated capacity or preset weight of each energy storage unit; or a state-of-charge-based distribution strategy is adopted, which dynamically adjusts the distribution ratio according to the remaining power of each energy storage unit.

[0004] However, the fixed-ratio allocation strategy does not take into account the differences in response speed among different energy storage units. When the load changes rapidly, the energy storage units with slower response speeds cannot keep up with the power changes in time, resulting in fluctuations in the DC bus voltage and affecting the stability of the power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a multi-level energy storage control method, device, equipment, and medium based on frequency domain decomposition to solve the aforementioned technical problems. This method is designed for multi-level energy storage units with different response characteristics. It coordinates the output demand on the energy storage side by combining the load power variation trend and the DC bus voltage state, and achieves targeted power allocation based on the dynamic response capabilities of different energy storage units, thereby improving the coordinated control effect of multi-level energy storage and power supply systems under dynamic load scenarios.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition, applied to an energy storage controller. The energy storage controller is communicatively connected to multiple stages of energy storage units, each stage comprising multiple energy storage units with different response speeds. The multiple stages of energy storage units supply power to a load via a DC bus. The method includes:

[0007] Obtain the predicted power change of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus;

[0008] When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold, a feedback control quantity is determined based on the voltage difference. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0009] The total power demand is obtained by superimposing the predicted power change with the feedback control quantity.

[0010] The total power demand is decomposed in the frequency domain to obtain multiple power components;

[0011] Based on the frequency bands of the multiple power components and the response speed of the multiple energy storage units, a power distribution control command is generated so that the multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the power components corresponding to the power distribution control command.

[0012] In one possible embodiment, obtaining the predicted power change of the load over a future preset time period includes:

[0013] Obtain scheduling signals from the task scheduler of the load. The scheduling signals include the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameter, and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed.

[0014] Based on the type identifier and the task size parameter, determine the task power corresponding to each task to be executed from the preset power consumption feature library;

[0015] According to the execution time point corresponding to each of the tasks to be executed, the power of each task is mapped to the corresponding time within the future preset duration;

[0016] The power values ​​of each task mapped to the same moment are superimposed to obtain the predicted power values ​​for each moment within the future preset time period;

[0017] Based on the predicted power values ​​at each time point, the power change within the preset future time period is determined as the predicted power change.

[0018] In one possible embodiment, the plurality of power components includes: a high-frequency power component, a mid-frequency power component, and a low-frequency power component. The frequency domain decomposition of the total required power to obtain the plurality of power components includes:

[0019] The total required power is filtered by a high-pass filter to obtain the high-frequency power component;

[0020] The total required power is filtered by a bandpass filter to obtain the intermediate frequency power component;

[0021] The total required power is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain the low-frequency power component.

[0022] In one possible embodiment, the plurality of energy storage units includes a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit, and a third energy storage unit with sequentially decreasing response speeds. The step of generating power distribution control commands based on the frequency bands of the plurality of power components and the response speeds of the plurality of energy storage units includes:

[0023] Obtain the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit;

[0024] The high-frequency power component is allocated to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component is allocated to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component is allocated to the third energy storage unit;

[0025] Based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component, power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit are generated.

[0026] In one possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0027] The first energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the high-frequency power component during the first time period after the load change;

[0028] The second energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the intermediate frequency power component during the second time period. The second time period starts after the start time of the first time period, and the start time of the second time period is earlier than the end time of the first time period.

[0029] The third energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period. The third time period starts after the start time of the second time period and the start time of the third time period is earlier than the end time of the second time period.

[0030] In one possible embodiment, prior to high-pass filtering of the total power demand, the method further includes:

[0031] Collect power data of the load within a preset historical time period;

[0032] Based on the power data, determine the current frequency distribution of the load fluctuation in the current time period;

[0033] When the difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution exceeds a preset threshold, the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, the passband range of the band-pass filter, and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter are adjusted according to the current frequency distribution.

[0034] In one possible embodiment, the method further includes:

[0035] Monitor the total energy storage of the DC bus and the rate of change of the total energy storage;

[0036] When the total energy storage deviates from the preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds the preset rate of change threshold, the power compensation amount is determined according to the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value.

[0037] The power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit are adjusted according to the power compensation amount.

[0038] In one possible embodiment, the first energy storage unit is a flywheel, the second energy storage unit is a lithium battery, and the third energy storage unit is a flow battery.

[0039] Secondly, this application provides a multi-level energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition, comprising:

[0040] The acquisition module is used to acquire the predicted power change of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus;

[0041] The processing module is configured to determine a feedback control quantity based on the voltage difference when the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0042] The processing module is also used to superimpose the predicted power change with the feedback control quantity to obtain the total demand power;

[0043] The processing module is also used to perform frequency domain decomposition on the total required power to obtain multiple power components;

[0044] The processing module is further configured to generate a power distribution control command based on the frequency bands of the multiple power components and the response speed of the multiple energy storage units, so that the multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the power components corresponding to the power distribution control command.

[0045] In one possible embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to acquire a scheduling signal from the task scheduler of the load, the scheduling signal including the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameter, and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed;

[0046] The processing module is further configured to determine the task power corresponding to each task to be executed from a preset power consumption feature library based on the type identifier and the task size parameter.

[0047] The processing module is further configured to map the power of each task to the corresponding time within the future preset duration according to the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed;

[0048] The processing module is also used to superimpose the power of each task mapped to the same moment to obtain the predicted power value at each moment within the future preset time period;

[0049] The processing module is further configured to determine the power change within the future preset time period based on the predicted power values ​​at each time moment, and use this as the predicted power change.

[0050] In one possible embodiment, the processing module is further configured to filter the total demand power through a high-pass filter to obtain a high-frequency power component;

[0051] The processing module is further configured to filter the total demand power through a bandpass filter to obtain the intermediate frequency power component;

[0052] The processing module is further configured to filter the total required power using a low-pass filter to obtain a low-frequency power component.

[0053] In one possible embodiment, the acquisition module is further configured to acquire the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit;

[0054] The processing module is further configured to allocate the high-frequency power component to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component to the third energy storage unit;

[0055] The processing module is further configured to generate power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component.

[0056] In one possible embodiment, the processing module is further configured to control the first energy storage unit to output power according to the high-frequency power component during a first time period after the load change;

[0057] The processing module is also used to control the second energy storage unit to output power according to the intermediate frequency power component during the second time period. The second time period starts after the start time of the first time period, and the start time of the second time period is earlier than the end time of the first time period.

[0058] The processing module is also used to control the third energy storage unit to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period. The third time period starts after the start time of the second time period, and the start time of the third time period is earlier than the end time of the second time period.

[0059] In one possible embodiment, the processing module is further configured to collect power data of the load within a historical preset time period;

[0060] The processing module is further configured to determine the current frequency distribution of the load fluctuation in the current time period based on the power data;

[0061] The processing module is further configured to adjust the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, the passband range of the band-pass filter, and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter according to the current frequency distribution when the difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution exceeds a preset threshold.

[0062] In one possible embodiment, the processing module is further configured to monitor the total energy storage of the DC bus and the rate of change of the total energy storage.

[0063] The processing module is further configured to determine the power compensation amount based on the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value when the total energy storage deviates from the preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds the preset rate of change threshold.

[0064] The processing module is further configured to adjust the power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit according to the power compensation amount.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, the first energy storage unit is a flywheel, the second energy storage unit is a lithium battery, and the third energy storage unit is a flow battery.

[0066] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0067] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0068] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition as described in the first aspect and various possible implementations of the first aspect above.

[0069] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition as described in the first aspect and various possible implementations of the first aspect.

[0070] Fifthly, this application provides a program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition as described above.

[0071] This application provides a multi-level energy storage control method, device, equipment, and medium based on frequency domain decomposition. The method obtains the predicted power change of the load within a preset future time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus. When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and a preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold, feedback adjustment is performed based on the voltage difference to obtain a feedback control quantity. This feedback control quantity indicates the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero. The obtained feedback control quantity is superimposed with the predicted power change to obtain the total demand power. Then, frequency domain decomposition is performed on the total demand power, and power allocation control commands are generated based on the frequency band of each power component and the response speed of multiple energy storage units. This enables energy storage units with different response speeds to undertake matching power supply tasks, thereby improving DC bus voltage stability and enhancing the timeliness of power response under high dynamic loads. Attached Figure Description

[0072] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0073] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application. Figure 1 ;

[0074] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application. Figure 2 ;

[0075] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application. Figure 3 ;

[0076] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application. Figure 4 ;

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition is provided for this application;

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application.

[0079] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0080] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0081] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0082] A multi-level energy storage unit is a collaborative power supply system composed of various types of energy storage devices. These devices, each with a different response speed, are connected in parallel via a DC bus to supply power to the load. Unlike single-type energy storage systems that rely on only one type of energy storage medium, the core feature of a multi-level energy storage unit is the utilization of the complementarity of different energy storage devices in terms of response speed and energy storage capacity to achieve both rapid transient response and continuous steady-state power supply. In this application, a multi-level energy storage unit specifically refers to a combined system containing three energy storage devices: a flywheel, a lithium battery, and a flow battery. The flywheel is responsible for the high-frequency power response at the millisecond level, the lithium battery for the mid-frequency power response at the hundred-millisecond to second level, and the flow battery for the low-frequency power response at the second to minute level. The differentiated response characteristics of these three devices are the core target of the frequency domain decomposition power allocation method in this application.

[0083] A DC bus is a common DC power transmission line in an energy storage system used to connect various energy storage units to the load. As the central node for power collection and distribution, it aggregates the output power of multiple energy storage units and supplies it to the load. Unlike AC distribution systems, the core characteristic of a DC bus is that it can directly transmit and distribute power without AC-DC conversion, resulting in high transmission efficiency and fast control response. In this application, the DC bus specifically refers to the common DC power supply line between the energy storage units and the load in a multi-level energy storage system. The stability of its bus voltage is a key indicator for evaluating the power supply quality of the energy storage system and is also the core objective that the power distribution control method of this application aims to maintain.

[0084] This application relates to the field of power electronics and energy storage collaborative control technology, and is mainly applied to power supply regulation scenarios in artificial intelligence computing centers where solid-state transformers and multi-level energy storage units work together. Such systems typically consist of a DC bus, load-side equipment, and multiple energy storage units with varying response speeds, used to maintain stable bus voltage and perform energy allocation when load power fluctuates rapidly.

[0085] In existing technologies, the power distribution methods of multi-level energy storage systems mainly adopt a fixed ratio distribution strategy, that is, the total demand power is distributed to each energy storage unit in a fixed ratio according to the rated capacity or preset weight of each energy storage unit; or a state-of-charge-based distribution strategy is adopted, which dynamically adjusts the distribution ratio according to the remaining power of each energy storage unit.

[0086] Existing technologies, due to the fact that neither fixed-ratio allocation nor state-of-charge-based allocation strategies take into account the differences in response speed among different energy storage units, are prone to situations where fast-response units become overloaded first and slow-response units take over later during unified scheduling. When the load changes rapidly, energy storage units with slower response speeds cannot keep up with the power changes in time, resulting in fluctuations in DC bus voltage and affecting power supply stability.

[0087] Based on this, if different energy storage units lack power allocation that matches their own response characteristics, they may repeatedly adjust to the same power demand, resulting in additional circulating losses and uneven energy distribution, which affects the efficiency of energy storage utilization.

[0088] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, a hierarchical collaborative control architecture for multi-level energy storage is adopted, separating the internal regulation of the solid-state transformer from the coordination of multiple energy storage systems. Load changes contain power components at different time scales, which are then split by frequency band and assigned to energy storage units with corresponding response speeds, reducing response misalignment caused by unified scheduling.

[0089] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, this application provides a multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition. By combining the predicted power change of the load over a preset time period with the current output voltage of the DC bus, feedback regulation is introduced when the voltage deviation exceeds a threshold. The feedback control quantity is then superimposed with the predicted change to form the total demand power. This total demand power is then frequency-domain decomposed to generate power allocation control commands that match the response speed of each energy storage unit. This improves the bus stability and response speed under dynamic load scenarios.

[0090] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 .like Figure 1 As shown, the multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this embodiment is applied to an energy storage controller. The energy storage controller is communicatively connected to multiple energy storage units, each with a different response speed. The multiple energy storage units supply power to the load via a DC bus. The method includes:

[0092] S101. Obtain the predicted power change of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus.

[0093] Among them, the power prediction change refers to the change data obtained after predicting the power change of the load within a preset time period in the future, reflecting the trend and magnitude of the load power change over a period of time.

[0094] Understandably, this involves obtaining the predicted power change of the load over a predetermined period of time. This predicted power change is used to characterize the power change trend and magnitude of the load over the predetermined period of time, providing a feedforward prediction basis for subsequent power allocation.

[0095] Simultaneously, the current output voltage of the DC bus is acquired. This current output voltage characterizes the actual power supply status of the DC bus at the current moment, providing a real-time data basis for subsequent judgment of whether there is a deviation in the bus voltage and for feedback adjustment.

[0096] S102. When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is determined based on the voltage difference. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0097] The preset reference voltage refers to the target voltage value that the DC bus is expected to maintain. It serves as a benchmark for the stable operation of the bus voltage and reflects the system's requirements for the quality of the power supply voltage.

[0098] Feedback control quantity refers to the control output value calculated based on the voltage deviation through feedback adjustment, which is used to correct the power output of the energy storage system and make the DC bus voltage return to the preset reference voltage.

[0099] One possible implementation involves calculating the voltage difference between the current output voltage and a preset reference voltage, and taking the absolute value of this voltage difference. This absolute value is then compared to a preset threshold to determine whether the deviation of the current bus voltage exceeds the allowable range.

[0100] When the absolute value of the voltage difference exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates that the current output voltage has deviated from the preset reference voltage to an unacceptable level. At this point, a feedback adjustment mechanism is activated to adjust the voltage difference, calculating a feedback control quantity. This feedback control quantity indicates the direction and magnitude of power correction required to eliminate the current voltage deviation.

[0101] When the absolute value of the voltage difference is not greater than the preset threshold, it means that the current output voltage is within the allowable range, and there is no need to start feedback regulation; the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0102] S103. The power prediction change is superimposed with the feedback control quantity to obtain the total power demand.

[0103] Understandably, the predicted power change obtained in the preceding steps is superimposed with the feedback control quantity obtained in the preceding steps, that is, the two are numerically summed to obtain the total demand power. This total demand power simultaneously includes feedforward prediction information and feedback correction information. Among them, the predicted power change provides a forward-looking prediction of future load power changes, enabling the energy storage system to detect changes in load power demand in advance; the feedback control quantity provides real-time correction based on the current bus voltage deviation, enabling the energy storage system to compensate for prediction deviations. After the two are superimposed, the total demand power possesses both the timeliness of feedforward prediction and the accuracy of feedback correction.

[0104] S104. Perform frequency domain decomposition on the total power demand to obtain multiple power components.

[0105] Frequency domain decomposition refers to separating a time-domain signal according to its frequency components, thus dividing the original signal into components of different frequency bands. In this application, frequency domain decomposition is used to divide the total demand power into power components of different frequency bands according to the rate of change. The faster-changing part corresponds to the high-frequency component, the slower-changing part corresponds to the low-frequency component, and the part in between corresponds to the mid-frequency component.

[0106] One possible implementation involves frequency domain decomposition of the total power demand, breaking it down into multiple power components based on frequency composition. Each power component corresponds to a specific frequency band, reflecting power demand at different rates of change within the total power demand.

[0107] Among them, the high-frequency power component corresponds to the part of the total demand power that changes rapidly, reflecting the rapid fluctuations and instantaneous jumps in load power; the mid-frequency power component corresponds to the part of the total demand power that changes at a moderate rate, reflecting the moderate speed of load power change; and the low-frequency power component corresponds to the part of the total demand power that changes slowly, reflecting the slow change and steady-state trend of load power.

[0108] By using frequency domain decomposition, the total demand power that was originally mixed together is separated according to the rate of change, so that the power components of different frequency bands can be matched with energy storage units with different response speeds, providing a basis for subsequent power allocation.

[0109] S105. Based on the frequency bands of multiple power components and the response speed of multiple energy storage units, generate power distribution control commands so that multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the corresponding power components in the power distribution control commands.

[0110] Response speed refers to the time required for an energy storage unit to actually output the corresponding power after receiving a power command, reflecting the unit's ability to adapt to power changes. A faster response speed allows the energy storage unit to handle higher rates of power change, making it suitable for rapidly fluctuating power demands; a slower response speed makes the unit suitable for handling slowly changing power demands.

[0111] One possible implementation involves obtaining the response speed of each of the multiple energy storage units, clarifying the ability of each energy storage unit to follow power changes, and simultaneously obtaining the frequency band information of each of the multiple power components obtained by frequency domain decomposition in the aforementioned steps, thus clarifying the power change rate corresponding to each power component.

[0112] Based on the matching relationship between the frequency band of each power component and the response speed of each energy storage unit, the power components of different frequency bands are allocated to energy storage units that are adapted to their response capabilities, so that the power component undertaken by each energy storage unit matches its own response characteristics.

[0113] Based on the above matching relationship, power distribution control commands for each energy storage unit are generated. Each energy storage unit supplies power to the load according to the power component specified in its corresponding power distribution control command, thereby realizing the coordinated power supply of multi-level energy storage units.

[0114] By generating power distribution control commands based on the frequency band of the power component and the response speed of the energy storage unit, a precise match between the rate of change of power demand and the response capability of the energy storage unit is achieved. This fully leverages the response characteristics of each energy storage unit and avoids the problems of overload of fast-response units and delayed succession of slow-response units.

[0115] This embodiment provides a multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition. This method obtains the predicted power change of the load within a preset future time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus. When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold, feedback adjustment is performed based on the voltage difference to obtain a feedback control quantity. The feedback control quantity indicates the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero. The predicted power change and the feedback control quantity are superimposed to obtain the total demand power. The total demand power is decomposed in the frequency domain to obtain multiple power components. Power allocation control commands are generated based on the matching relationship between the frequency band of each power component and the response speed of each energy storage unit. This allows energy storage units with different response speeds to each undertake the power component matching their response capability, thereby allocating the rapidly changing portion of the load power fluctuation to energy storage units with fast response speeds and allocating the slowly changing portion to energy storage units with slow response speeds. This avoids the problems of overload for fast-response units and delayed replacement for slow-response units, effectively suppressing DC bus voltage fluctuations, improving power supply stability, and increasing energy storage utilization efficiency under high dynamic load conditions.

[0116] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 .like Figure 2 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition is described in detail, including:

[0117] S201. Obtain scheduling signals from the task scheduler of the load. The scheduling signals include the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameters, and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed.

[0118] Among them, the scheduling signal refers to the information carrier output by the task scheduler that describes the execution arrangement of each task to be executed, including the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameter, and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed.

[0119] One possible implementation involves obtaining scheduling signals from the task scheduler on the load side. Specifically, the task scheduler, acting as the scheduling module on the load side responsible for managing and arranging the execution order and timing of each pending task, orchestrates the tasks based on the current and future operational needs of the load. During orchestration, the task scheduler determines the task category, task size, and planned execution time for each pending task, encapsulating this information into a scheduling signal and outputting it externally. The energy storage control system reads this scheduling signal to obtain the type identifier, task size parameters, and corresponding execution time points for each pending task.

[0120] The type identifier distinguishes the task category to which each task belongs. Different task categories differ in power consumption characteristics; for example, compute-intensive tasks and communication-intensive tasks have significantly different power consumption characteristics. The task size parameter characterizes the power resource requirements of each task during execution, reflecting the size of the task execution. The execution time point determines the execution position of each task on the timeline, that is, the specific moment when each task is scheduled to start execution by the scheduler.

[0121] By acquiring this scheduling signal, the energy storage control system can know in advance the execution schedule of each task to be performed by the load in the future, including the task category, task scale and execution time of each task, providing a data basis for subsequent prediction of load power changes.

[0122] S202. Based on the type identifier and task size parameters, determine the task power corresponding to each task to be executed from the preset power consumption feature library.

[0123] The power consumption feature library refers to a pre-established database that stores power consumption data for different task types at different task scales. This power consumption feature library is obtained by conducting actual measurements or simulations of the power consumption of various task types at different scales, and can reflect the power consumption patterns of various tasks during execution.

[0124] One possible implementation is to construct a power consumption feature library. Specifically, by conducting prior measurements or simulations of the power consumption of various tasks on the load side at different scales, a correspondence between task type, task scale, and power consumption is established, forming a power consumption feature library. This power consumption feature library stores power consumption data corresponding to different task types at different task scales, reflecting the power consumption patterns of various tasks during execution.

[0125] For each task to be executed in the scheduling signal obtained in the aforementioned steps, its type identifier and task size parameter are read. Using the type identifier of each task to be executed as a query index, the power consumption record area corresponding to the task type is located in the power consumption feature library. Then, combined with the task size parameter of the task, the power consumption data matching the task size parameter is determined from the power consumption record area, and the power consumption data is taken as the task power corresponding to the task to be executed.

[0126] Following the above method, each task to be executed in the scheduling signal is queried in turn to determine the task power corresponding to each task, thus providing a power data basis at the task level for subsequent prediction of load power changes.

[0127] S203. Based on the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed, map the power of each task to the corresponding time within the future preset duration.

[0128] Mapping refers to the operation of placing the power of each task to be executed at a corresponding time within a preset time period according to its corresponding execution time, so that each time can reflect the power consumption of the task executed at that time, thereby transforming discrete task information into power data distributed along the time axis.

[0129] One possible implementation involves reading the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed, based on the task power determined in the aforementioned steps. Each execution time point represents the specific moment when the scheduler arranges for each task to begin execution, falling within a time window corresponding to a preset future duration.

[0130] Using the execution time of each task as the positioning basis on the time axis, the task power corresponding to each task is mapped to the time corresponding to that execution time within a preset future duration. Specifically, for each task, its task power is placed at the time position corresponding to its execution time within the preset future duration, so that the power consumption of the task executed at that time can be reflected. Through the above mapping operation, the task power of each task is distributed chronologically to its respective execution time within the preset future duration, forming power data distributed along the time axis.

[0131] Through the above mapping, the originally discrete scheduling information in terms of tasks is transformed into power data that is continuously distributed along the time axis, providing a time-dimensional data foundation for further determining the power change within a preset time period.

[0132] S204. The power of each task mapped to the same moment is superimposed to obtain the predicted power value for each moment within a preset future time period.

[0133] Understandably, after the mapping operations described above, the task power of each task to be executed has been distributed to its corresponding execution time within a preset future duration. Since multiple tasks may be executed simultaneously at the same time, meaning multiple task powers are mapped to the same time, it is necessary to superimpose the power of these tasks mapped to the same time.

[0134] Specifically, the process iterates through each moment within a preset future timeframe. For each moment, it identifies the power of all tasks mapped to that moment, sums these task powers numerically, and obtains the predicted power value for that moment. This predicted power value reflects the total power demand of the load at that moment.

[0135] Following the above method, the predicted power values ​​for each moment within a preset future time period are calculated by superimposing the values. These predicted power values ​​together constitute the power prediction curve for the preset future time period, fully reflecting the changes in load power demand over a future period.

[0136] S205. Based on the predicted power values ​​at each time point, determine the power change within a preset time period in the future, and use it as the predicted power change.

[0137] Understandably, the aforementioned steps have yielded the predicted power values ​​for each moment within the preset future timeframe. Based on these, the power change within the preset future timeframe is determined according to the predicted power values ​​for each moment.

[0138] Specifically, the process iterates through each adjacent moment within a preset time period. For each pair of adjacent moments, the predicted power value of the previous moment is subtracted from the predicted power value of the next moment to obtain the power change between those adjacent moments. A positive value of this power change indicates that the load power is increasing during that time period, while a negative value indicates that the load power is decreasing during that time period. The absolute value reflects the magnitude of the power change.

[0139] Following the above method, the difference between adjacent moments within a preset future time period is calculated sequentially to obtain the power change corresponding to each moment within the preset future time period. The power changes corresponding to each moment are summarized as the predicted power change, which is then used to superimpose it with the feedback control quantity.

[0140] S206. Obtain the current output voltage of the DC bus.

[0141] Step S206 is similar to the aforementioned step S101, and will not be described again here.

[0142] S207. When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is determined based on the voltage difference. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0143] Step S207 is similar to the aforementioned step S102, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] S208. The predicted power change is superimposed with the feedback control quantity to obtain the total demand power.

[0145] Step S208 is similar to the aforementioned step S103, and will not be described again here.

[0146] S209. The total required power is filtered by a high-pass filter to obtain the high-frequency power component.

[0147] S210. The total required power is filtered by a bandpass filter to obtain the intermediate frequency power component.

[0148] S211. The total required power is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain the low-frequency power component.

[0149] A high-pass filter is a filter that allows frequency components above a certain cutoff frequency to pass through while attenuating frequency components below that cutoff frequency. In this application, a high-pass filter is used to extract rapidly changing high-frequency power components from the total demand power.

[0150] A low-pass filter is a filter that allows frequency components below a certain cutoff frequency to pass through while attenuating frequency components above that cutoff frequency. In this application, a low-pass filter is used to extract the slowly changing low-frequency power components from the total demand power.

[0151] A bandpass filter is a filter that allows frequency components within a certain frequency range to pass through while attenuating frequency components outside that range. In this application, a bandpass filter is used to extract the intermediate frequency power component with a moderate rate of change from the total required power.

[0152] One possible implementation is to filter the total demand power obtained in the aforementioned steps using a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a low-pass filter, respectively, to separate the total demand power into high-frequency power components, mid-frequency power components, and low-frequency power components according to frequency components.

[0153] Specifically, a first cutoff frequency and a second cutoff frequency are preset, wherein the first cutoff frequency is higher than the second cutoff frequency. For example, the first cutoff frequency can be set to 5Hz, and the second cutoff frequency can be set to 0.5Hz.

[0154] A high-pass filter, with a first cutoff frequency (e.g., 5Hz), allows frequency components above 5Hz in the total demand power to pass through, while attenuating frequency components below 5Hz, thereby extracting the high-frequency power component from the total demand power. This high-frequency power component reflects the fastest changing part of the total demand power, such as power jumps and rapid fluctuations that occur in the load within milliseconds.

[0155] A bandpass filter, with a second cutoff frequency (e.g., 0.5Hz) and a first cutoff frequency (e.g., 5Hz) as boundaries, allows frequency components in the total demand power that are between 0.5Hz and 5Hz to pass through, while attenuating frequency components with frequencies below 0.5Hz and above 5Hz, thereby extracting the intermediate frequency (IF) power component from the total demand power. This IF power component reflects the portion of the total demand power that changes at a moderate rate, such as the power change of the load within seconds.

[0156] A low-pass filter, with a second cutoff frequency (e.g., 0.5Hz), allows frequency components below 0.5Hz in the total demand power to pass through, while attenuating frequency components above 0.5Hz, thereby extracting the low-frequency power component from the total demand power. This low-frequency power component reflects the slowest changing part of the total demand power, such as the slow power changes and steady-state trends of the load on timescales of tens of seconds or even minutes.

[0157] Through the coordinated operation of the three filters, the total power demand is separated into three power components in three frequency bands. Each power component does not overlap in frequency and corresponds to power demand at different rates of change.

[0158] By performing frequency domain decomposition of the total power demand using high-pass, band-pass, and low-pass filters, the mixed power demand can be precisely separated into three power components—high-frequency, mid-frequency, and low-frequency—according to their rate of change. These power components do not overlap in frequency, allowing for the matching of energy storage units with different response speeds, thereby achieving a precise match between the rate of change of power demand and the response capability of the energy storage units.

[0159] In some embodiments, prior to high-pass filtering of the total power demand, the following steps are also included:

[0160] Collect power data of the load within a historical preset time period;

[0161] Based on the power data, determine the current frequency distribution of load fluctuations in the current time period;

[0162] When the difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution exceeds a preset threshold, the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, the passband range of the band-pass filter, and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter are adjusted according to the current frequency distribution.

[0163] The historical preset time period refers to a preset time window preceding the current moment, used to collect historical power data of the load. The length of this time period can be set according to the periodic characteristics of load power changes, such as the past 24 hours or the past 7 days.

[0164] One possible implementation involves collecting load power data over a historical preset time period before high-pass filtering the total demand power. Specifically, the real-time power of the load is sampled at a preset sampling period to collect power data over a historical preset time period (such as the past 24 hours), forming a historical power time-series dataset.

[0165] Frequency domain analysis is performed on power data within a preset historical time period to determine the historical frequency distribution. Specifically, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is applied to the historical power time-series dataset to convert the time-domain power data into frequency-domain data, yielding the power amplitude distribution at each frequency, i.e., the historical frequency distribution. This historical frequency distribution reflects the main frequency components of load power fluctuations and their corresponding amplitudes within the historical time period. For example, within a historical time period, load power fluctuations may primarily be concentrated in the low-to-mid-frequency range of 0.1Hz to 1Hz, while the power fluctuation amplitudes in higher frequency ranges (such as above 5Hz) are smaller.

[0166] Simultaneously, frequency domain analysis is performed on the power data collected during the current time period to determine the current frequency distribution. The length of the current time period can be the same as or shorter than the historical preset time period (e.g., the past hour). Similarly, the amplitude distribution of power at each frequency during the current time period is obtained through Fast Fourier Transform. For example, during the current time period, due to changes in load operating conditions (e.g., the addition of high-frequency switching equipment), the load power fluctuation may show a significant increase in amplitude in the high-frequency band from 5Hz to 20Hz.

[0167] The current frequency distribution is compared with the historical frequency distribution, and the difference between the two is calculated. Specifically, the root mean square value of the amplitude difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution at each frequency point can be calculated, or the spectral distance between the two can be calculated, and the difference value is compared with a preset threshold.

[0168] When the difference does not exceed the preset threshold, it means that the power fluctuation characteristics of the current load are basically consistent with the historical period. The filter parameters do not need to be adjusted, and the current high-pass filter cutoff frequency, band-pass filter passband range, and low-pass filter cutoff frequency can continue to be used.

[0169] When the difference exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that the power fluctuation characteristics of the current load have changed significantly compared to historical periods, and the filter parameters need to be adjusted according to the current frequency distribution.

[0170] One possible implementation is to adjust the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter based on the distribution of high-frequency power amplitude in the current frequency distribution. For example, if the current frequency distribution shows that the main energy of high-frequency power fluctuations is concentrated between 5Hz and 20Hz, the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter can be lowered from 5Hz to 3Hz, allowing more high-frequency power fluctuation components to be extracted by the high-pass filter.

[0171] Based on the distribution of mid-frequency power amplitude in the current frequency distribution, adjust the passband range of the bandpass filter. For example, if the current frequency distribution shows that the main energy of the mid-frequency power fluctuation is concentrated in the range of 0.5Hz to 5Hz, then adjust the passband range of the bandpass filter from the original 0.5Hz to 5Hz to 0.3Hz to 3Hz, so that the bandpass filter can more accurately cover the frequency range of the current mid-frequency power fluctuation.

[0172] Adjust the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter based on the distribution of low-frequency power amplitude in the current frequency distribution. For example, if the current frequency distribution shows that the main energy of low-frequency power fluctuations is concentrated below 0.3Hz, then lower the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter from the original 0.5Hz to 0.3Hz, so that the low-pass filter can extract low-frequency power components more accurately.

[0173] After the adjustment is completed, when performing frequency domain decomposition of the total demand power, the adjusted filter parameters will be used for filtering, so that the filtering result can better match the actual power fluctuation characteristics of the current load.

[0174] By collecting historical power data and performing frequency domain analysis before filtering, the parameters of the high-pass, band-pass, and low-pass filters are automatically adjusted when the frequency distribution of load power fluctuations changes significantly. This allows the frequency band division of the filters to dynamically adapt to changes in load power fluctuation characteristics. This adjustment mechanism avoids the problem of mismatch between fixed filter parameters and actual power fluctuation characteristics caused by changes in load conditions, ensuring the accuracy of frequency domain decomposition and the rationality of power allocation, and improving the adaptability of multi-stage energy storage systems under different load conditions.

[0175] S212. Multiple energy storage units include a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit, and a third energy storage unit with sequentially decreasing response speeds, and the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit are obtained.

[0176] Response time refers to the time required for an energy storage unit to receive a power command and for its actual output power to reach a preset percentage (e.g., 90%) of the command value. It is used to quantify the energy storage unit's ability to follow power changes. A shorter response time indicates a faster response speed, while a longer response time indicates a slower response speed.

[0177] The first energy storage unit refers to the energy storage unit with the fastest response speed among multiple energy storage units. It has the shortest response time and can handle the power demand with the highest rate of change.

[0178] The second energy storage unit refers to an energy storage unit with a medium response speed among multiple energy storage units. Its response time is between that of the first and third energy storage units, and it can handle power demands with a moderate rate of change.

[0179] The third energy storage unit refers to the energy storage unit with the slowest response speed among multiple energy storage units. It has the longest response time and is suitable for handling power demands with a low rate of change.

[0180] In this embodiment, the multiple energy storage units include a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit, and a third energy storage unit. The first energy storage unit has the fastest response speed, followed by the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit has the slowest response speed, with the response speeds of the three decreasing in that order.

[0181] Specifically, the first energy storage unit can employ fast-response energy storage devices such as supercapacitors or power-type lithium batteries, which can complete power charge-discharge switching in a short time and are suitable for handling rapid fluctuations in load power. The second energy storage unit can employ moderate-response energy storage devices such as energy-type lithium batteries, which can complete power charge-discharge switching in a medium time and are suitable for handling medium-speed changes in load power. The third energy storage unit can employ slower-response energy storage devices such as fuel cells or lead-acid batteries, whose power changes are relatively gradual and are suitable for handling slow changes in load power and steady-state power requirements.

[0182] The response times of the first, second, and third energy storage units are obtained. Specifically, the response time of each energy storage unit can be obtained as follows: During the factory testing phase, a step power command is applied to each energy storage unit, and the time required for each unit to receive the command and for its actual output power to reach a preset proportion of the command value is recorded. This time is used as the response time of each energy storage unit and stored in the control system. During system operation, the control system reads the response time of each energy storage unit from the storage, thereby determining the ability of each energy storage unit to follow power changes.

[0183] By obtaining the response time of each energy storage unit, a basis is provided for subsequently allocating power components of different frequency bands to energy storage units that match their response capabilities.

[0184] In some embodiments, the first energy storage unit is a flywheel, the second energy storage unit is a lithium battery, and the third energy storage unit is a flow battery.

[0185] A flywheel is an energy storage device that uses a high-speed rotating flywheel rotor to store kinetic energy. An electric motor converts electrical energy into the flywheel's rotational kinetic energy for storage, while a generator converts this rotational kinetic energy back into electrical energy for release. Flywheel energy storage features high power density, fast response speed, and long cycle life, making it suitable for handling high-frequency power fluctuations.

[0186] Lithium-ion batteries are electrochemical energy storage devices that operate on the principle of lithium ions inserting and de-intercalating between positive and negative electrodes. Lithium-ion batteries have high energy density and moderate power density, with a response speed between that of flywheel and flow batteries, making them suitable for handling medium-frequency power variations.

[0187] A flow battery is an energy storage device that uses an active material dissolved in an electrolyte and a pump to deliver the electrolyte to a fuel cell stack for electrochemical reactions. Flow battery energy storage features large capacity and long lifespan, but due to the inertia of electrolyte delivery and the electrochemical reaction process, its response speed is relatively slow, making it suitable for handling low-frequency power demands.

[0188] One possible implementation involves flywheel energy storage, where an electric motor drives a flywheel rotor to rotate at high speed to store kinetic energy. When releasing energy, a generator converts this rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy. Since the charging and discharging process of a flywheel is essentially an electromechanical energy conversion process, without involving chemical reactions or mass transfer, its power response is primarily limited by the switching speed of the power electronic converter and the electromagnetic response speed of the motor. Therefore, it has the fastest response speed, typically in the millisecond range, enabling it to complete power charging and discharging switching in an extremely short time. This makes it suitable for handling the highest-rate-of-change high-frequency power components.

[0189] Lithium-ion batteries store and release electrical energy through the insertion and extraction of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The power response of lithium-ion batteries is limited by the diffusion rate of lithium ions in the electrode materials and the electrochemical reaction rate. Its response speed is between that of flywheel and flow batteries, with a response time typically on the order of seconds. It can complete the power charging and discharging switching in a moderate time and is suitable for handling medium-frequency power components with moderate change rates.

[0190] Flow batteries store electrical energy by using a pump to deliver an active electrolyte to the battery stack for electrochemical reactions. The power response of a flow battery is limited not only by the electrochemical reaction rate but also by the electrolyte delivery process, including the pump's inertia and the electrolyte flow response in the pipeline. Therefore, it has the slowest response speed, typically on the order of tens of seconds, and the power change is relatively gradual, making it suitable for handling low-frequency power components with the lowest rate of change.

[0191] After obtaining the response times of the flywheel, lithium battery, and flow battery, and combining the high-frequency power components, mid-frequency power components, and low-frequency power components obtained by separating them through high-pass, band-pass, and low-pass filters in the previous steps, the high-frequency power components are allocated to the flywheel with the shortest response time, the mid-frequency power components are allocated to the lithium battery with a moderate response time, and the low-frequency power components are allocated to the flow battery with the longest response time, thereby achieving a precise match between the rate of change of power demand and the response capability of each energy storage unit.

[0192] By using flywheels, lithium batteries, and flow batteries as the first, second, and third energy storage units, respectively, this approach leverages the inherent differences in response speed among the three energy storage devices: flywheels offer the fastest response, suitable for handling millisecond-level power fluctuations; lithium batteries have a moderate response, suitable for handling second-level power changes; and flow batteries, while having a slower response, possess a large capacity, suitable for handling minute-level steady-state power demands. This combination fully utilizes the advantages of each energy storage device, achieving a precise match between the rate of change in power demand and the response capability of each energy storage unit.

[0193] S213. Distribute the high-frequency power component to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component to the third energy storage unit.

[0194] Understandably, after the aforementioned steps, the total power demand has been decomposed into high-frequency power components, mid-frequency power components, and low-frequency power components in the frequency domain. At the same time, the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit have been obtained, and the response speed of each energy storage unit decreases sequentially.

[0195] Based on the above information, power allocation is performed according to the matching relationship between the response speed of each energy storage unit and the rate of change of each power component. Specifically, the high-frequency power component is allocated to the first energy storage unit. The high-frequency power component is the part with the highest rate of change in the total power demand, and its power fluctuations are frequent and drastic, requiring the energy storage unit responsible for this component to have a rapid response capability. As the unit with the fastest response speed among multiple energy storage units, the first energy storage unit can follow the changes in power command in a very short time, and is therefore suitable for handling the high-frequency power component.

[0196] The intermediate-frequency power component is allocated to the second energy storage unit. The intermediate-frequency power component represents the portion of the total power demand with a moderate rate of change; its frequency and amplitude of change fall between those of the high-frequency and low-frequency power components. Therefore, the energy storage unit handling this component needs to possess a moderate response capability. The response speed of the second energy storage unit is between that of the first and third energy storage units, enabling it to keep pace with the changes in the intermediate-frequency power component, making it suitable for handling this component.

[0197] The low-frequency power component is allocated to the third energy storage unit. The low-frequency power component represents the lowest rate of change in total power demand, exhibiting a gradual power variation and primarily manifesting as a long-term power trend and steady-state power demand. This places lower demands on the response speed of the energy storage unit handling this component, but requires a large energy storage capacity to support prolonged power output. While the third energy storage unit has the slowest response speed, it typically possesses a large energy storage capacity, making it suitable for handling the low-frequency power component.

[0198] Through the above allocation method, the high-frequency power component, the medium-frequency power component, and the low-frequency power component are assigned to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit, respectively, and the power component undertaken by each energy storage unit is adapted to its own response capability.

[0199] S214. Based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component, generate power distribution control commands for each energy storage unit so that multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the corresponding power component in the power distribution control commands.

[0200] The power distribution control command refers to the control signal generated by the control system based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component. This signal includes the power value or power change that each energy storage unit should output. Upon receiving the corresponding power distribution control command, each energy storage unit performs charging and discharging operations according to the power component specified in the command, supplying power to the load.

[0201] Understandably, after the aforementioned steps, the high-frequency power component has been allocated to the first energy storage unit, the mid-frequency power component to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component to the third energy storage unit. Based on this, power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit are generated according to the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component.

[0202] Specifically, for the first energy storage unit, a first power distribution control command is generated based on its corresponding high-frequency power component. This command carries the power value information of the high-frequency power component, instructing the first energy storage unit to perform charging and discharging operations according to the high-frequency power component.

[0203] For the second energy storage unit, a second power distribution control command is generated based on its corresponding intermediate frequency power component. This command carries the power value information of the intermediate frequency power component, instructing the second energy storage unit to perform charging and discharging operations according to the intermediate frequency power component.

[0204] For the third energy storage unit, a third power distribution control command is generated based on its corresponding low-frequency power component. This command carries the power value information of the low-frequency power component and instructs the third energy storage unit to perform charging and discharging operations according to the low-frequency power component.

[0205] The aforementioned power distribution control commands are sent to the corresponding energy storage units. Upon receiving the command, each energy storage unit performs charging and discharging operations according to the specified power component to supply power to the load. The first energy storage unit responds quickly to load power fluctuations using the high-frequency power component, the second unit follows the moderate-speed power changes of the load using the mid-frequency power component, and the third unit handles the load's steady-state power demand using the low-frequency power component. The three energy storage units work together to meet the total power demand of the load.

[0206] By generating power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component, the power allocation results can be converted into executable control signals, driving each energy storage unit to collaboratively supply power to the load according to its respective power component. Since the power component carried in each power allocation control command matches the response capability of each energy storage unit, each energy storage unit can operate within its preferred response frequency band. This ensures timely compensation for rapid power fluctuations while also taking into account the continuous supply of steady-state power demand, enabling the multi-level energy storage system as a whole to efficiently and coordinately meet the dynamic power demand of the load.

[0207] This embodiment provides a multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition. This method obtains a scheduling signal containing task type identifiers, task scale parameters, and execution time points from the load's task scheduler. It then determines the task power of each task to be executed by combining this signal with a pre-set power consumption feature library. The method maps the power of each task to corresponding moments within a preset future time period according to the execution time points and superimposes the results, thereby predicting the load's power change within the preset future time period. It also acquires the current output voltage of the DC bus in real time, and performs feedback adjustment when the voltage deviation exceeds a preset threshold to obtain a feedback control quantity. The predicted power change is superimposed with the feedback control quantity to obtain the total demand power. Finally, the total demand power is filtered by a high-pass filter, a band-pass filter, and a low-pass filter, decomposing the total demand power into high-frequency power components, medium-frequency power components, and low-frequency power components. The system identifies high-frequency and low-frequency power components. Based on the response times of the first, second, and third energy storage units, which decrease sequentially in response speed, the system allocates the high-frequency power component to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component to the third energy storage unit. This generates power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit, ensuring that each unit with a different response speed receives a power component that matches its response capability. This distributes the rapidly changing portion of the load power fluctuation to the faster-responding energy storage units and the slowly changing portion to the slower-responding units, avoiding overload of fast-responding units and delayed replacement of slow-responding units. This effectively suppresses DC bus voltage fluctuations, improves power supply stability, and enhances energy storage utilization efficiency under high dynamic load conditions.

[0208] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application embodiment. Figure 3 .like Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition is described in detail, including:

[0209] S301. Control the first energy storage unit to output power according to the high-frequency power component during the first period after the load change.

[0210] Load jump refers to the phenomenon of a significant change in load power within a short period of time, such as the power step change caused by the sudden start-up or shutdown of high-power equipment. The typical characteristic of load jump is a significant change in power value within a very short time, resulting in high-frequency power fluctuations.

[0211] Understandably, when a load change occurs, the total power demand changes dramatically within a very short time, resulting in significant high-frequency power fluctuations. At this time, the control system controls the first energy storage unit to output power according to the high-frequency power component during the first period after the load change.

[0212] Specifically, in the first period after a load change occurs, the first energy storage unit, as the fastest responding energy storage unit, is the first to respond. The control system uses the high-frequency power component extracted by the high-pass filter as the power command for the first energy storage unit, driving the first energy storage unit to perform charging and discharging operations according to the high-frequency power component, compensating for the power deficit or power surplus caused by the load change in a very short time.

[0213] During the first time period, the second and third energy storage units had not yet completed their power output adjustments and basically maintained their original power output levels. Therefore, during the first time period, the first energy storage unit undertook the main high-frequency power compensation task, filling the power gap during the response delay of the second and third energy storage units.

[0214] S302. Control the second energy storage unit to output power according to the intermediate frequency power component during the second time period. The second time period starts after the start time of the first time period, and the start time of the second time period is earlier than the end time of the first time period.

[0215] Understandably, while the first energy storage unit outputs power according to the high-frequency power component, the control system controls the second energy storage unit to output power according to the medium-frequency power component during the second time period.

[0216] Specifically, the second time period begins after the start of the first time period but earlier than its end, meaning there is a partial overlap between the two periods. During this overlap, both the first and second energy storage units simultaneously supply power to the load. The first unit handles the high-frequency power component, while the second unit handles the mid-frequency power component. As the first time period ends, the first unit ceases high-frequency power compensation, and the second unit continues to output power according to the mid-frequency power component during the second time period, gradually taking on the primary power compensation task.

[0217] Because the second energy storage unit has a longer response time, by starting the power output of the second energy storage unit before the end of the first time period, the second energy storage unit can complete the establishment of power output before the first energy storage unit exits, thereby achieving seamless power compensation.

[0218] S303. Control the third energy storage unit to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period. The third time period starts after the start time of the second time period, and the start time of the third time period is earlier than the end time of the second time period.

[0219] Understandably, while the second energy storage unit outputs power according to the medium-frequency power component, the control system controls the third energy storage unit to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period.

[0220] Specifically, the third time period begins after the start of the second time period and earlier than its end, meaning there is a partial overlap between the two periods. During this overlap, both the second and third energy storage units supply power to the load simultaneously. The second unit handles the intermediate frequency power component, while the third unit handles the low-frequency power component. As the second time period ends, the second unit ceases intermediate frequency power compensation, and the third unit continues to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period, thus fulfilling its steady-state power supply task.

[0221] Since the third energy storage unit has the longest response time, by starting the power output of the third energy storage unit before the end of the second time period, the third energy storage unit can complete the establishment of power output before the second energy storage unit exits, thereby achieving seamless power compensation.

[0222] This embodiment provides a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition. This method, after a load transition, controls the first energy storage unit with the fastest response speed to output power according to high-frequency power components in the first time period, compensating for the instantaneous power gap in the load and quickly suppressing sudden changes in DC bus voltage. In the second time period, the second energy storage unit with a moderate response speed is controlled to output power according to mid-frequency power components. The second time period starts after the start of the first time period and earlier than the end of the first time period, allowing for a time overlap between the first and second energy storage units, achieving a smooth transition in power output. In the third time period, the third energy storage unit with the slowest response speed is controlled to output power according to low-frequency power components. The third time period begins after the start of the second time period but earlier than its end. This creates an overlapping cooperation interval between the second and third energy storage units, forming a relay-style power output mode where the first, second, and third energy storage units are connected in stages and overlap alternately. In the transient process of load change, the fast response unit first takes over the high-frequency fluctuations, the medium response unit gradually takes over the medium-frequency components, and the slow response unit finally takes over the low-frequency steady-state components. Each energy storage unit cooperates in an orderly manner according to its own response characteristics, avoiding long-term overload operation of a single energy storage unit. This enables smooth relay power supply of multi-level energy storage units under high dynamic load environments, effectively suppresses DC bus voltage fluctuations, and extends the service life of each energy storage unit.

[0223] Figure 4 A flowchart illustrating a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4 .like Figure 4 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, a multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition is described in detail, including:

[0224] S401. Monitor the total energy storage of the DC bus and the rate of change of the total energy storage.

[0225] Understandably, by collecting real-time voltage and current data from each energy storage unit, the current energy storage value and power value of each unit are calculated. The energy storage values ​​of all units are summed to obtain the total energy storage of the DC bus. The power values ​​of all units are summed to obtain the rate of change of the total energy storage. These calculations are periodically updated with a preset sampling period, thereby achieving real-time monitoring of the total energy storage and its rate of change.

[0226] By monitoring the total energy storage capacity, we can understand the overall energy reserve level of a multi-level energy storage system and determine whether the system has the capacity to continue to meet load power demands. By monitoring the rate of change of the total energy storage capacity, we can understand the trend and speed of energy change in the system and determine the balance between current load power demand and the energy replenishment capacity of the energy storage system.

[0227] S402. When the total energy storage deviates from the preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds the preset rate of change threshold, the power compensation amount is determined according to the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value.

[0228] Understandably, the system determines the direction in which the total energy storage deviates from the preset value. When the total energy storage is lower than the preset value, it indicates that the overall energy of the energy storage system is insufficient, requiring an increase in charging power or a decrease in discharging power. In this case, the power compensation value is positive, indicating that energy needs to be replenished to the energy storage system. When the total energy storage is higher than the preset value, it indicates that the overall energy of the energy storage system is excessive, requiring an increase in discharging power or a decrease in charging power. In this case, the power compensation value is negative, indicating that excess energy needs to be released from the energy storage system.

[0229] The amount of power compensation is determined based on the degree to which the total energy storage deviates from the preset value. The greater the deviation, i.e., the greater the difference between the total energy storage and the preset value, the greater the required power compensation to accelerate the return of the total energy storage to the preset value. The smaller the deviation, the smaller the required power compensation, avoiding overcompensation that could cause the total energy storage to oscillate repeatedly around the preset value.

[0230] The power compensation amount is adjusted based on the magnitude of the rate of change in total energy storage. When the absolute value of the rate of change in total energy storage is large, it indicates that the rate of energy loss or increase is relatively fast. The compensation amount is then appropriately increased based on the power compensation amount corresponding to the degree of deviation to cope with the rapidly changing energy trend.

[0231] S403. Adjust the power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit according to the power compensation amount.

[0232] Understandably, the power compensation is allocated to the first, second, and third energy storage units according to a preset allocation ratio. The allocation ratio is determined based on the response speed and current energy state of each energy storage unit: the first energy storage unit, with its faster response speed, is allocated a smaller compensation ratio, while the third energy storage unit, with its slower response speed but larger capacity, is allocated a larger compensation ratio.

[0233] Each energy storage unit adds its allocated compensation amount to its original power component, forming an adjusted power command. The first energy storage unit outputs power according to the adjusted high-frequency power component, the second energy storage unit outputs power according to the adjusted mid-frequency power component, and the third energy storage unit outputs power according to the adjusted low-frequency power component. The three energy storage units work together to meet the load power demand while gradually restoring the total energy storage to the preset value through the injection of compensation power.

[0234] This embodiment provides a multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition. This method monitors the total energy storage and the rate of change of the total energy storage on the DC bus in real time. When the total energy storage deviates from a preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds a preset rate of change threshold, the power compensation amount is determined according to the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value. The power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit are adjusted according to the power compensation amount. In this way, when there is an abnormal deviation in the total energy storage, timely compensation and correction are performed to ensure that the energy storage level of the multi-level energy storage system is maintained within a reasonable range, and to avoid system operation risks caused by insufficient energy storage or over-charging of energy storage.

[0235] Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of a multi-stage energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition. Figure 5 As shown, this application provides a multi-stage energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition. The multi-stage energy storage control device 500 based on frequency domain decomposition includes:

[0236] The acquisition module 501 is used to acquire the predicted change in power of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus;

[0237] Processing module 502 is used to determine a feedback control quantity based on the voltage difference when the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero.

[0238] The processing module 502 is also used to superimpose the power prediction change and the feedback control quantity to obtain the total demand power;

[0239] The processing module 502 is also used to perform frequency domain decomposition on the total required power to obtain multiple power components;

[0240] The processing module 502 is also used to generate power distribution control commands based on the frequency bands of multiple power components and the response speed of multiple energy storage units, so that the multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the corresponding power components in the power distribution control commands.

[0241] In one possible embodiment, the acquisition module 501 is further configured to acquire a scheduling signal from the task scheduler of the load, the scheduling signal including the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameter and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed.

[0242] The processing module 502 is also used to determine the task power corresponding to each task to be executed from a preset power consumption feature library based on the type identifier and task size parameters.

[0243] The processing module 502 is also used to map the power of each task to the corresponding time within a preset future duration according to the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed;

[0244] The processing module 502 is also used to superimpose the power of each task mapped to the same time to obtain the predicted power value at each time within a preset time period in the future.

[0245] The processing module 502 is also used to determine the power change within a preset time period based on the predicted power value at each moment, as the predicted power change.

[0246] In one possible embodiment, the processing module 502 is further configured to filter the total demand power through a high-pass filter to obtain a high-frequency power component;

[0247] Processing module 502 is also used to filter the total demand power through a bandpass filter to obtain the intermediate frequency power component;

[0248] The processing module 502 is also used to filter the total demand power through a low-pass filter to obtain the low-frequency power component.

[0249] In one possible embodiment, the acquisition module 501 is further configured to acquire the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit;

[0250] The processing module 502 is also used to allocate the high-frequency power component to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component to the third energy storage unit;

[0251] The processing module 502 is also used to generate power distribution control commands for each energy storage unit based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component.

[0252] In one possible embodiment, the processing module 502 is further configured to control the first energy storage unit to output power according to the high-frequency power component during the first time period after the load change.

[0253] The processing module 502 is also used to control the second energy storage unit to output power according to the intermediate frequency power component during the second time period. The second time period starts after the start time of the first time period and the start time of the second time period is earlier than the end time of the first time period.

[0254] The processing module 502 is also used to control the third energy storage unit to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period. The third time period starts after the start time of the second time period, and the start time of the third time period is earlier than the end time of the second time period.

[0255] In one possible embodiment, the processing module 502 is further configured to collect power data of the load within a historical preset time period;

[0256] The processing module 502 is also used to determine the current frequency distribution of load fluctuations in the current time period based on the power data;

[0257] The processing module 502 is also used to adjust the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, the passband range of the band-pass filter, and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter according to the current frequency distribution when the difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution exceeds a preset threshold.

[0258] In one possible embodiment, the processing module 502 is also used to monitor the total energy storage of the DC bus and the rate of change of the total energy storage.

[0259] The processing module 502 is also used to determine the power compensation amount based on the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value when the total energy storage deviates from the preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds the preset rate of change threshold.

[0260] The processing module 502 is also used to adjust the power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit and the third energy storage unit according to the power compensation amount.

[0261] In one possible embodiment, the first energy storage unit is a flywheel, the second energy storage unit is a lithium battery, and the third energy storage unit is a flow battery.

[0262] The multi-level energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition provided in this application embodiment has a similar implementation principle and technical effect to the implementation of each part of the aforementioned multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition, and will not be described again here.

[0263] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application. Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device 600 includes: a receiver 601, a transmitter 602, a processor 603, and a memory 604.

[0264] Receiver 601 is used to receive instructions and data;

[0265] Transmitter 602 is used to send commands and data;

[0266] Memory 604 is used to store instructions executed by the computer;

[0267] The processor 603 is used to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory 604 to implement the various steps of the multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition in the above embodiments. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the foregoing embodiments of the multi-level energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition.

[0268] Optionally, the memory 604 can be either standalone or integrated with the processor 603.

[0269] When the memory 604 is set up independently, the electronic device also includes a bus for connecting the memory 604 and the processor 603.

[0270] The implementation principle and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the foregoing embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0271] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0272] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0273] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0274] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0275] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and the device of this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0276] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated units / modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software program modules.

[0277] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0278] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0279] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-stage energy storage control method based on frequency domain decomposition, characterized in that, The method is applied to an energy storage controller, which is communicatively connected to a multi-level energy storage unit, wherein the multi-level energy storage unit comprises multiple energy storage units with different response speeds, and the multi-level energy storage unit supplies power to a load via a DC bus; the method includes: Obtain the predicted power change of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus; When the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold, a feedback control quantity is determined based on the voltage difference. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero. The total power demand is obtained by superimposing the predicted power change with the feedback control quantity. The total power demand is decomposed in the frequency domain to obtain multiple power components; Based on the frequency bands of the multiple power components and the response speed of the multiple energy storage units, a power distribution control command is generated so that the multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the power components corresponding to the power distribution control command.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the predicted power change of the load within a preset future time period includes: Obtain scheduling signals from the task scheduler of the load. The scheduling signals include the type identifier of each task to be executed, the task size parameter, and the execution time point corresponding to each task to be executed. Based on the type identifier and the task size parameter, determine the task power corresponding to each task to be executed from the preset power consumption feature library; According to the execution time point corresponding to each of the tasks to be executed, the power of each task is mapped to the corresponding time within the future preset duration; The power values ​​of each task mapped to the same moment are superimposed to obtain the predicted power values ​​for each moment within the future preset time period; Based on the predicted power values ​​at each time point, the power change within the preset future time period is determined as the predicted power change.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple power components include: high-frequency power components, mid-frequency power components, and low-frequency power components. The total required power is decomposed in the frequency domain to obtain multiple power components, including: The total required power is filtered by a high-pass filter to obtain the high-frequency power component; The total required power is filtered by a bandpass filter to obtain the intermediate frequency power component; The total required power is filtered by a low-pass filter to obtain the low-frequency power component.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of energy storage units include a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit, and a third energy storage unit with sequentially decreasing response speeds. The step of generating power distribution control commands based on the frequency bands of the plurality of power components and the response speeds of the plurality of energy storage units includes: Obtain the response times of the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit; The high-frequency power component is allocated to the first energy storage unit, the medium-frequency power component is allocated to the second energy storage unit, and the low-frequency power component is allocated to the third energy storage unit; Based on the matching relationship between each energy storage unit and its corresponding power component, power allocation control commands for each energy storage unit are generated.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The first energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the high-frequency power component during the first time period after the load change; The second energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the intermediate frequency power component during the second time period. The second time period starts after the start time of the first time period, and the start time of the second time period is earlier than the end time of the first time period. The third energy storage unit is controlled to output power according to the low-frequency power component during the third time period. The third time period starts after the start time of the second time period and the start time of the third time period is earlier than the end time of the second time period.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before performing high-pass filtering on the total power demand, the method further includes: Collect power data of the load within a preset historical time period; Based on the power data, determine the current frequency distribution of the load fluctuation in the current time period; When the difference between the current frequency distribution and the historical frequency distribution exceeds a preset threshold, the cutoff frequency of the high-pass filter, the passband range of the band-pass filter, and the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter are adjusted according to the current frequency distribution.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Monitor the total energy storage of the DC bus and the rate of change of the total energy storage; When the total energy storage deviates from the preset value and the rate of change of the total energy storage exceeds the preset rate of change threshold, the power compensation amount is determined according to the direction and degree of deviation of the total energy storage from the preset value. The power components allocated to the first energy storage unit, the second energy storage unit, and the third energy storage unit are adjusted according to the power compensation amount.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first energy storage unit is a flywheel, the second energy storage unit is a lithium battery, and the third energy storage unit is a flow battery.

9. A multi-stage energy storage control device based on frequency domain decomposition, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the predicted power change of the load within a preset time period and the current output voltage of the DC bus; The processing module is configured to determine a feedback control quantity based on the voltage difference when the absolute value of the voltage difference between the current output voltage and the preset reference voltage is greater than a preset threshold. The feedback control quantity is used to indicate the power correction direction and correction magnitude required to eliminate the current voltage deviation. When the absolute value is not greater than the preset threshold, the feedback control quantity is zero. The processing module is also used to superimpose the predicted power change with the feedback control quantity to obtain the total demand power; The processing module is also used to perform frequency domain decomposition on the total required power to obtain multiple power components; The processing module is further configured to generate a power distribution control command based on the frequency bands of the multiple power components and the response speed of the multiple energy storage units, so that the multiple energy storage units supply power to the load according to the power components corresponding to the power distribution control command.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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