A substation protection screen cabinet safety measure detection system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a substation protection screen cabinet safety measure detection system and method, and belongs to the technical field of substation safety operation and maintenance. The application aims at the problems that the existing secondary screen cabinet safety measures rely on manual arrangement and checking, are prone to wrong or missed hanging, the measure updating is not synchronized when the operation site is transferred, and the whole cycle continuous monitoring is lacked. The working protection screen cabinet set is identified by analyzing the working ticket data in the execution state, the physical adjacent position relationship of each protection screen cabinet is combined, the theoretical safety measure state corresponding to each protection screen cabinet is reasoned and generated according to the preset safety operation procedure. The actual hanging state of the safety measure identification is collected in real time through the physical detection unit corresponding to each protection screen cabinet, the consistency check of the theoretical state and the actual state is executed screen by screen, and the abnormal alarm signal is generated when the state is not matched. The application can realize the automatic verification and whole operation cycle continuous monitoring of the safety measures, and effectively improves the safety control level of the substation secondary maintenance operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation safety operation and maintenance technology, specifically to a substation protection panel safety measure detection system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation and maintenance of secondary equipment in substations, the standardized arrangement of safety measures for cabinets is a core control point for isolating maintenance equipment from operating equipment and preventing misoperation and personal injury or equipment accidents. According to relevant safety work procedures, during the work permit stage, maintenance personnel must hang signs such as "Working Here" at the maintenance work cabinet position and warning red curtains such as "Equipment in Operation" at the adjacent operating cabinet position. These visual physical signs clearly define the work boundaries and prevent workers from accidentally entering operating bays or touching operating secondary circuits.

[0003] Currently, the entire process of arranging, verifying, and updating safety measures for secondary switchgear in substations relies on manual execution. This process is affected by factors such as personnel attention, the complexity of the switchgear layout, and workflow coordination, resulting in three typical safety risks in actual operation: First, there is the risk of incorrectly placed safety measures. If the "Work Here" sign is mistakenly hung on the operating panel, it will directly mislead maintenance personnel into identifying the operating equipment as the work target and performing operations such as short-circuiting circuits or engaging / disengaging pressure plates, which can easily cause malfunctions in the operating protection and equipment tripping. If the "Equipment in Operation" red curtain is mistakenly hung on the work panel, it will cause confusion in the identification of the work area, leading maintenance personnel to misjudge the operable panel location, which also poses a safety hazard of accidentally touching the operating circuit.

[0004] Secondly, there is a risk of incomplete safety measures. When the work panel does not have a "Work Here" sign, maintenance personnel cannot accurately locate the work object, and are prone to accidentally entering gaps when moving between multiple panels. When the adjacent operating panel does not have a warning red curtain, the lack of a visual warning barrier will significantly increase the probability of workers accidentally touching the operating circuit or misoperating the operating pressure plate.

[0005] Third, there is a risk of asynchronous updates to safety measures when work sites are moved. When maintenance work is moved between multiple work panels, safety measures must be adjusted simultaneously: remove the "Work Here" signs from the original work panel, re-install warning red curtains when the original work panel is restored to operation, and complete the signage for the new work panel and adjacent work panels. Under the current manual operation mode, safety measure adjustments generally lag behind work site changes, creating a control vacuum period where the status of measures does not match the actual work scenario.

[0006] The aforementioned risks have already led to multiple safety accidents at production sites. For example, during routine maintenance of 500kV line protection systems at a power grid company, a work team failed to verify the correspondence between panel positions and safety measures when moving to a new work location. They mistakenly entered a non-operating protection panel position to perform secondary operations, ultimately causing a protection malfunction, tripping of the corresponding line switch, and resulting in a power grid operation accident. After reviewing the incident, it was found that if the safety measures had automated verification and real-time monitoring capabilities, it could effectively guide workers to the correct work area, and such accidents could be completely avoided.

[0007] In summary, the current management of safety measures for secondary cabinets has significant technical shortcomings: First, the deployment of safety measures relies solely on manual verification, lacking automated verification methods, making it difficult to identify misplaced or missing items during the deployment phase; second, after the safety measures are deployed, there is a lack of continuous status monitoring throughout the entire operation cycle, making it impossible to detect anomalies such as sign displacement or malfunction in real time; and third, in scenarios involving multiple work locations, there is a lack of an information-based management mechanism for the coordinated updating of safety measures, which can easily lead to delayed updates and status mismatches. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a substation protection panel safety measure detection system and method to improve the safety management and control capabilities of substation secondary maintenance operations.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a substation protection panel safety measure detection system, comprising: The panel information storage unit is used to store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; The work order parsing unit is used to obtain work order data of the substation in the execution state, and to identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; The safety measure reasoning unit is communicatively connected to the cabinet information storage unit and the work order parsing unit, respectively, and is used to infer the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet based on the preset safety operation procedures and the physical adjacent position relationship between the set of protective cabinets. The status detection unit is installed in the identification hanging area of ​​each protection cabinet, corresponding to each protection cabinet. It is used to collect the hanging status signal of the safety measure sign on the corresponding protection cabinet in real time through physical detection, and to identify the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protection cabinet. The consistency verification unit is communicatively connected to the safety measure inference unit and the status detection unit, respectively. It is used to verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measure status and the actual safety measure status of each protection cabinet. When the two do not match, an abnormal alarm signal is generated and the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet is output.

[0010] Preferably, the safety measure reasoning unit generates the theoretical safety measure state for each protective cabinet in the following manner: Traverse all protective cabinets in the entire station. If a protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, then determine that the theoretical safety measures status of the protective cabinet is the working identification status. For each protective cabinet in the working state, the corresponding physical adjacent position relationship is retrieved to check its adjacent protective cabinets: if the adjacent protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, the adjacent protective cabinet maintains the working state, and multiple adjacent working protective cabinets are merged into a continuous working block; if the adjacent protective cabinet does not belong to the set of working protective cabinets, the theoretical safety measure status of the adjacent protective cabinet is determined to be the operation warning state. For a protection cabinet that does not belong to the set of working protection cabinets and is not physically adjacent to any working protection cabinet, its theoretical safety measures status is determined to be no measures.

[0011] Preferably, the status detection unit includes infrared detection components corresponding to each protective cabinet; Each infrared detection component includes three sets of infrared beam sensors, corresponding to the left, middle, and right sides of the protective cabinet door frame, respectively. Each set of infrared beam sensors includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is fixedly installed on the upper door frame of the protective cabinet, and the receiver is fixedly installed on the lower door frame of the protective cabinet, forming three detection optical paths perpendicular to the door frame plane.

[0012] Preferably, the status detection unit identifies the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protective cabinet based on the combination of the occlusion states of the three detection optical paths: When all three detection optical paths are unobstructed, the actual safety measure status is determined to be no measure. When only the central detection optical path is blocked, while the left and right detection optical paths are not blocked, the actual safety measures status is determined to be the working status. When all three detection optical paths are blocked, the actual safety measures are determined to be in the state of operation warning sign. If the combination of obstruction states does not meet the above three conditions, the actual safety measure state is determined to be a foreign object intrusion state.

[0013] Preferably, the consistency verification unit is specifically used to verify the theoretical safety measure status and the actual safety measure status of each protection cabinet one by one, and the verification method is as follows: If the theoretical safety measures are in the working status and the actual safety measures are in the working status, they are considered to be in the same status. If the theoretical safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign and the actual safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign, they are considered to be in the same state. If the theoretical safety measures are in a state of no measures and the actual safety measures are in a state of no measures, the states are considered to be consistent. Any other mismatches are considered abnormal and trigger an alarm.

[0014] Preferably, the anomaly type information includes missing measures, incorrectly hung measures, multiple hung measures, and foreign object intrusion; If the theoretical safety measures status is "working indicator" or "operational warning indicator", but the actual safety measures status is "no measures", it is judged as a lack of measures. If the theoretical safety measure status is "working" and the actual safety measure status is "operational warning" or the theoretical safety measure status is "operational warning" and the actual safety measure status is "working", it is determined that the measure is incorrectly applied. If the theoretical safety measures status is "no measures" but the actual safety measures status is "working sign" or "operational warning sign", it is judged as "multiple measures attached". When the actual security measures are in an abnormal obstruction state, it is determined to be an intrusion of foreign objects.

[0015] Preferably, the cabinet information storage unit uses an Excel-formatted protective cabinet location database as the storage medium, which contains three columns of data: protective cabinet serial number, protective cabinet name, and physical adjacent location relationship. When the system starts, the cabinet information storage unit reads the location database data and constructs a dictionary mapping the list of protected cabinets and their physical adjacency relationships in memory.

[0016] Preferably, the work order parsing unit is specifically used for: Obtain all PDF work order files in execution status within the substation, extract the text content of each work order page by page, and perform standardized cleaning processing on the extracted text and the protection cabinet identification information in the cabinet information storage unit. Using the standardized protective cabinet identification information as matching keywords, keyword matching is performed in each cleaned work order text. If a protection cabinet identifier is matched one or more times in a single work order, it is counted as one valid occurrence of that protection cabinet. The cumulative occurrence frequency of each protection cabinet is obtained by accumulating the valid occurrences of all work orders. Protective cabinets that have a cumulative occurrence frequency of 1 or more are included in the set of working protective cabinets.

[0017] This invention also provides a method for detecting safety measures of substation protection cabinets, the method being applied to the aforementioned substation protection cabinet safety measure detection system, comprising: Step S1: Pre-store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; Step S2: Obtain work order data of the substation in execution state, and identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; Step S3: Based on the preset safety operation procedures and the relationship between the set of work protection cabinets and the physical adjacent positions, deduce and generate the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet. Step S4: Real-time collection of the hanging status signal of the safety measure signs on each protection cabinet through physical detection method to identify the actual safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet; Step S5: Verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet. If the two do not match, generate an abnormal alarm signal and output the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet.

[0018] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes: Traverse all protective cabinets in the entire station. If a protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, then determine that the theoretical safety measures status of the protective cabinet is the working identification status. For each protective cabinet in the working state, the corresponding physical adjacent position relationship is retrieved to check its adjacent protective cabinets: if the adjacent protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, the adjacent protective cabinet maintains the working state, and multiple adjacent working protective cabinets are merged into a continuous working block; if the adjacent protective cabinet does not belong to the set of working protective cabinets, the theoretical safety measure status of the adjacent protective cabinet is determined to be the operation warning state. For a protection cabinet that does not belong to the set of working protection cabinets and is not physically adjacent to any working protection cabinet, its theoretical safety measures status is determined to be no measures.

[0019] Preferably, in step S4, the suspension status signal is collected by an infrared detection component corresponding to each protective cabinet; each set of infrared detection components includes three sets of infrared beam sensors, forming three detection optical paths perpendicular to the door frame plane; the identification of the actual safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet specifically includes: When all three detection optical paths are unobstructed, the actual safety measure status is determined to be no measure. When only the central detection optical path is blocked, while the left and right detection optical paths are not blocked, the actual safety measures status is determined to be the working status. When all three detection optical paths are blocked, the actual safety measures are determined to be in the state of operation warning sign. If the combination of obstruction states does not meet the above three conditions, the actual safety measure state is determined to be a foreign object intrusion state.

[0020] Preferably, in step S5, the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protective cabinet are verified one by one, specifically including: If the theoretical safety measures are in the working status and the actual safety measures are in the working status, they are considered to be in the same status. If the theoretical safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign and the actual safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign, they are considered to be in the same state. If the theoretical safety measures are in a state of no measures and the actual safety measures are in a state of no measures, the states are considered to be consistent. Any other mismatches are considered abnormal and trigger an alarm.

[0021] Preferably, the anomaly types include missing measures, incorrectly hung measures, multiple hung measures, and foreign object intrusion: If the theoretical safety measures status is "working indicator" or "operational warning indicator", but the actual safety measures status is "no measures", it is judged as a lack of measures. If the theoretical safety measure status is "working" and the actual safety measure status is "operational warning" or the theoretical safety measure status is "operational warning" and the actual safety measure status is "working", it is determined that the measure is incorrectly applied. If the theoretical safety measures status is "no measures" but the actual safety measures status is "working sign" or "operational warning sign", it is judged as "multiple measures attached". When the actual security measures are in a state of foreign object intrusion, it is determined to be foreign object intrusion.

[0022] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes: Obtain all PDF work order files in execution status within the substation, extract the text content of each work order page by page, and perform standardized cleaning processing on the extracted text and protection panel identification information; Using the standardized protective cabinet identification information as matching keywords, keyword matching is performed in each cleaned work order text. If a protection cabinet identifier is matched one or more times in a single work order, it is counted as one valid occurrence of that protection cabinet. The cumulative occurrence frequency of each protection cabinet is obtained by accumulating the valid occurrences of all work orders. Protective cabinets that have a cumulative occurrence frequency of 1 or more are included in the set of working protective cabinets.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention constructs a three-layer consistency verification system—"work ticket work location—theoretical layout model—actual on-site status"—through a mechanism of automatic work ticket parsing and joint verification of the physical status of safety measure markings, thereby achieving intelligent management and control of safety measures for substation protection cabinets. This invention can automatically complete a comprehensive verification of all safety measures for the entire substation protection cabinets after work ticket approval, instantly identifying anomalies such as missing, incorrectly hung, or multiple hanging measures, advancing the error detection point to before the start of work, eliminating safety hazards such as accidental entry into operating intervals and accidental contact with operating equipment from the source; continuously monitoring the hanging status of markings throughout the work process, it can promptly respond to marking displacement, accidental removal, and non-standard abnormal obstruction scenarios, ensuring the effectiveness of safety measures throughout; when the work location is changed, the theoretical model can be updated and re-verified synchronously, eliminating the control vacuum period caused by the asynchrony between the status of measures and the work scenario. Furthermore, this solution, based on a passive identification method using a three-channel infrared array, requires no modification to the safety sign itself and does not change on-site operating habits, while offering advantages in both high reliability and low cost. The system can automatically retain abnormal alarm records to form an electronic ledger, providing data support for safety supervision and procedure optimization, and promoting the upgrading of substation secondary safety measures management towards digitalization and intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a substation protection cabinet safety measure detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light sign in the GUI interface of this invention embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting safety measures of a substation protection panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific process of a substation protection panel safety measure detection method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description of the embodiments is taken with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention can be implemented.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a substation protection panel safety measure detection system, comprising: The panel information storage unit is used to store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; The work order parsing unit is used to obtain work order data of the substation in the execution state, and to identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; The safety measure reasoning unit is communicatively connected to the cabinet information storage unit and the work order parsing unit, respectively, and is used to infer the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet based on the preset safety operation procedures and the physical adjacent position relationship between the set of protective cabinets. The status detection unit is installed in the identification hanging area of ​​each protection cabinet, corresponding to each protection cabinet. It is used to collect the hanging status signal of the safety measure sign on the corresponding protection cabinet in real time through physical detection, and to identify the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protection cabinet. The consistency verification unit is communicatively connected to the safety measure inference unit and the status detection unit, respectively. It is used to verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measure status and the actual safety measure status of each protection cabinet. When the two do not match, an abnormal alarm signal is generated and the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet is output.

[0031] The substation protection cabinet safety measure detection system of this invention adopts a layered design, including a hardware perception layer, a data layer, a business logic layer, and a display layer. These layers exchange data through communication links to jointly complete the automatic verification and full-cycle real-time monitoring of the protection cabinet's safety measures. The specific structure, connection relationships, and implementation methods of each functional unit are described in detail below.

[0032] The panel cabinet information storage unit is deployed in the data layer and uses non-volatile storage media to persistently store the identification information of all protection panels in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationships between each protection panel, providing basic data support for safety measure reasoning and interface visualization.

[0033] The core dataset stored in the cabinet information storage unit is a database of protected cabinet locations, stored in Excel format. The file contains three columns: the first column is the protected cabinet serial number, the second column is the protected cabinet name, and the third column is the relationship between adjacent cabinet locations, as shown in the table below.

[0034] The serial number and name of each protection panel constitute the identification information for each protection panel within the substation. The adjacent panel relationship refers to the physical proximity of each protection panel. The protection panel name is strictly filled in according to the actual naming on the top of the protection panel on site, stored as a string, ensuring consistency with the naming conventions in the work order. The physical proximity relationship records the names of the adjacent panels on the left and right sides of each protection panel, used to determine the hanging boundaries of operational warning signs during theoretical reasoning for safety measures.

[0035] When the system program starts, the Python programming language uses the openpyxl library to read the Excel-formatted protection cabinet location database file and load the data into memory. During the loading process, two memory data structures are constructed simultaneously: one is a list of protection cabinets, storing the identification information of all protection cabinets in sequential order; the other is a physical adjacency mapping dictionary, using the name of the protection cabinet as the key and the name of the corresponding adjacent cabinet as the value, to enable fast lookup of adjacency relationships. This mapping dictionary provides the basis for adjacency calculation for the safety measure reasoning unit, and is also used in the graphical user interface (GUI) to generate the corresponding indicator cards for each cabinet position according to the on-site physical layout of the protection cabinets, ensuring that the interface display is consistent with the actual on-site layout.

[0036] The work order parsing unit is deployed in the business logic layer to obtain work order data of the substation in the execution state and identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data. It also counts the frequency of each protection cabinet in multiple work orders, providing input for safety measure reasoning and interface-based hierarchical warnings.

[0037] This embodiment uses offline PDF document parsing to acquire and recognize work order data. The specific execution process is as follows: PDF file preparation: Export all work orders in the execution state from the substation production management system, and filter the valid work orders that have been approved and on-site safety measures have been implemented; export each work order as an independent PDF file and store them in a designated file directory on the monitoring host as the data source for system parsing.

[0038] Text Extraction and Standardization Cleaning: The system uses the Python programming language and the pdfplumber library to traverse all PDF work order files in a specified directory, extracting all text content page by page. To eliminate the impact of text format differences on matching accuracy, the system performs uniform standardization cleaning on the extracted work order text. The processing rules include: converting to lowercase characters; deleting all whitespace characters, including spaces, tabs, and line breaks; deleting Chinese and English parentheses and all content within them; and deleting all punctuation marks, retaining only Chinese characters, letters, and numbers. To ensure consistent matching standards, the system synchronously performs the exact same standardization cleaning on all protection cabinet names stored in the cabinet information storage unit.

[0039] Frequency Statistics and Working Protection Cabinet Identification: Using the standardized protection cabinet names as keywords, full-text keyword matching is performed on each standardized work order text to count the occurrence of each protection cabinet name. The statistical rule is: if a protection cabinet name appears one or more times in a single PDF file, the corresponding protection cabinet for that work order is counted once. After traversing all PDF files, the counts for each work order are summed to obtain the cumulative frequency of each protection cabinet. Protection cabinets with a cumulative frequency ≥ 1 are identified as working protection cabinets, and these are aggregated to form a set of working protection cabinets.

[0040] Frequency Result Output: The work order parsing unit outputs two types of data: First, it outputs the set of work protection cabinets to the safety measure inference unit for the generation of theoretical safety measure states; second, it outputs the cumulative occurrence frequency data of each protection cabinet to the display layer for the graded coloring display of the indicator lights. The indicator lights in the GUI are as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the coloring rules are as follows: For protective cabinets with a cumulative occurrence count ≥ 3, the indicator light is red with the corresponding number of occurrences; for protective cabinets with a cumulative occurrence count of 2, the indicator light is yellow with the corresponding number of occurrences; for protective cabinets with a cumulative occurrence count of 1, the indicator light is blue with the label "Occurred 1 time"; and for protective cabinets with a cumulative occurrence count of 0, the indicator light is gray with the label "Occurred 0 times". Protective cabinets with a cumulative occurrence count ≥ 2 correspond to key control points for cross-operation of multiple work orders, prompting maintenance personnel to pay close attention during on-site operations.

[0041] As an alternative, the work order parsing unit in this embodiment can also communicate with the substation production management system in real time via a standardized API interface, without exporting local PDF files. Specifically, the work order parsing unit obtains the structured data of all work orders in the execution state within the substation in real time through the interface, directly extracts the protection cabinet information from the work location field of the structured data, and identifies the set of protection cabinets for the work. This enables real-time synchronization of work order data. When a work order is authorized, terminated, or the scope of work changes, the system can automatically update the set of protection cabinets for the work and the status of theoretical safety measures. This is suitable for scenarios with frequent work location changes and numerous dynamic changes to work orders, further improving the real-time performance of safety measure linkage updates.

[0042] The safety measure reasoning unit is deployed in the business logic layer and communicates with the cabinet information storage unit and the work order parsing unit respectively. It takes the set of protective cabinets output by the work order parsing unit as input and the physical adjacent position relationship stored in the cabinet information storage unit as the topology basis. According to the preset safety operation procedures, it infers and generates the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet and outputs the theoretical measure status table to the consistency verification unit as the judgment benchmark for consistency comparison.

[0043] As an example, the preset safe operation procedures correspond to the relevant provisions of the "Electrical Safety Work Regulations (Electrical Part of Power Plants and Substations)" regarding the arrangement of safety measures for secondary cabinets; the theoretical safety measures status includes the working sign status, the operation warning sign status, and the no-measures status. The working sign status corresponds to the requirement that a "Working Here" sign must be hung on site, and the operation warning sign status corresponds to the requirement that a red curtain indicating "Equipment in Operation" must be hung on site.

[0044] The safety measure reasoning unit generates the theoretical safety measure state for each protection panel by performing reasoning in the following way: (1) Traverse all protection cabinets in the entire station. If a protection cabinet belongs to the set of working protection cabinets (i.e., the cumulative frequency of occurrence in the work ticket parsing result is ≥1), then the theoretical safety measure status of the protection cabinet is determined to be the working identification status.

[0045] (2) For each protection cabinet in the working status, retrieve the physical adjacent location relationship in the cabinet information storage unit and check the attributes of its adjacent protection cabinets one by one: If adjacent protective cabinets also belong to the same set of working protective cabinets, the adjacent protective cabinets will maintain their working status, and the system will merge multiple adjacent working protective cabinets into a continuous working block for unified processing. If an adjacent protective cabinet does not belong to the set of working protective cabinets, then the theoretical safety measures status of the adjacent protective cabinet is determined to be the operation warning sign status.

[0046] The reasoning logic can adapt to three types of on-site layout scenarios: double-sided isolation when there are protective cabinets on both sides of the working protective cabinet, single-sided isolation when there is no cabinet on one side of the working protective cabinet (adjacent to the corridor), and continuous block boundary isolation when multiple adjacent protective cabinets are all working protective cabinets, ensuring that the isolation range is complete and without redundancy.

[0047] (3) For a protection cabinet that is neither part of the set of working protection cabinets nor physically adjacent to any working protection cabinet, its theoretical safety measures status is determined to be no measures.

[0048] Finally, the reasoning results of all protection cabinets are summarized to generate a theoretical measure status table. The theoretical measure status table is stored in key-value pair format, with the structure {protection cabinet serial number: theoretical safety measure status type}. The status types correspond to three categories: working status, operation warning status, and no measures status.

[0049] Taking a total of 9 protective cabinets arranged sequentially throughout the station as an example, the protective cabinets are named 1P, 2P, 3P, 4P, 5P, 6P, 7P, 8P, and 9P in sequence. If the work order parsing unit identifies the working protective cabinets as the 3P #3 main transformer protection cabinet and the 4P #1 main transformer monitoring and control cabinet, and the two are physically adjacent, then the reasoning result is: 3P and 4P belong to the work protection cabinet set, and the theoretical safety measure status is the work identification status ("working here"). 2P is the adjacent non-working protection cabinet of 3P, and 5P is the adjacent non-working protection cabinet of 4P. Theoretically, the safety measures status of both is the operation warning sign status ("Equipment is in operation"). 1P, 6P, 7P, 8P, and 9P are neither working protection cabinets nor adjacent to working protection cabinets, so their theoretical safety measures are in the "no measures" state.

[0050] The generated theoretical measures status table is synchronously transmitted to the consistency verification unit as a benchmark for comparing the actual status on site; it can also be transmitted to the display layer to display the theoretical measures requirements of each protection cabinet in the GUI, helping maintenance personnel to intuitively grasp the deployment standards.

[0051] The status detection unit is deployed in the hardware perception layer and is installed in the identification hanging area of ​​each protection cabinet in a one-to-one correspondence with each protection cabinet. It is used to collect the hanging status signal of the safety measure signs on the corresponding protection cabinet in real time through physical detection and to identify the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protection cabinet. The actual safety measure status includes the working sign status, the operation warning sign status, the no-measure status, and the foreign object intrusion status.

[0052] In this embodiment, the status detection unit is implemented using an infrared beam sensor array: three sets of infrared beam sensors are installed at the upper and lower ends of the door frame of each protective cabinet, corresponding to the left, middle, and right positions of the door frame respectively; each set of infrared beam sensors includes a transmitter and a receiver, with the transmitter installed on the upper door frame (T1 left, T2 middle, T3 right) and the receiver installed on the lower door frame (R1 left, R2 middle, R3 right), forming three parallel infrared beam detection channels.

[0053] The sensors employ NPN normally open photoelectric switches, operating at DC 12V. All sensor power lines are connected in parallel to a DC 12V power supply module, and ground lines are connected in parallel to the negative terminal of the power supply. Signal output lines from each sensor use RVVP shielded twisted-pair cable for transmission, connecting to the corresponding digital input channel of the USB digital input module. Each channel is equipped with a 10kΩ pull-up resistor. When unobstructed, the sensor receiver outputs a high level (through the 10kΩ pull-up resistor to VCC); when obstructed, the receiver outputs a low level (conducting to GND). The USB digital input module supports the Modbus RTU protocol and communicates with the monitoring host via a USB interface, transmitting the acquired level signals to the business logic layer for identification. Specifically, DI=1 (high level) when unobstructed and DI=0 (low level) when obstructed.

[0054] The identification logic is based on the combination of obstruction states of three infrared beams: by combining the on / off states of the three signals, it distinguishes between no obstruction (no measures), small central obstruction (working indicator state), and large full-area obstruction (operational warning indicator state). When the obstruction combination does not conform to the above three standard modes, it can be further identified as an abnormal obstruction state, corresponding to a foreign object intrusion scenario. After identification, an actual safety measure status table is generated and stored in key-value pair format, with the structure {protection cabinet serial number: actual safety measure status type}. The status types correspond to four categories: working indicator state, operational warning indicator state, no measures state, and foreign object intrusion state.

[0055] The infrared sensor status recognition logic table is shown below:

[0056] Typical scenarios for foreign object intrusion / abnormal obstruction include: signs hanging crookedly or offset, only blocking the left or right half; maintenance tools, personnel limbs, or debris accidentally extending into the detection area; red curtains falling off or hanging halfway, only partially blocking the light path; and non-standard sized signs being incorrectly hung.

[0057] As an alternative, the status detection unit can also use machine vision detection instead of infrared through-beam sensor arrays: an industrial camera is installed above the area where the protective cabinets are arranged, with the camera's field of view covering the label hanging area of ​​all the protective cabinets to be monitored; the industrial camera communicates with the monitoring host and collects image data of the cabinet area according to a preset sampling period. Then, using an image recognition algorithm deployed at the business logic layer, the collected images are used for target detection and classification: through a trained deep learning target detection model or a traditional image feature matching algorithm, it is identified whether safety measure labels are hung on each protective cabinet, and whether the label type is a working label or an operation warning label, thereby obtaining the actual safety measure status of each protective cabinet. This eliminates the need to install sensor hardware separately on each protective cabinet, making it suitable for substation scenarios with a large number of cabinets and a concentrated arrangement, while still achieving physical detection and real-time acquisition of safety measure status.

[0058] The consistency verification unit is deployed in the business logic layer and communicates with the security measure inference unit and the status detection unit respectively. It is used to verify the consistency between the theoretical security measure status and the actual security measure status of each protection cabinet, identify the anomaly type and generate the corresponding alarm signal output.

[0059] Specifically, the system iterates through all protection cabinets in the entire site, verifying the theoretical and actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet one by one. The verification method is as follows: If the theoretical safety measures are in the working status and the actual safety measures are in the working status, they are considered to be in the same status. If the theoretical safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign and the actual safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign, they are considered to be in the same state. If the theoretical safety measures are in a state of no measures and the actual safety measures are in a state of no measures, the states are considered to be consistent. In addition to the three matching scenarios mentioned above, all other mismatch scenarios are judged as abnormal and trigger an alarm.

[0060] For anomaly type classification, the consistency verification unit automatically identifies and classifies four types of anomaly alarms based on the deviation between the theoretical and actual safety measures, and outputs anomaly prompt information: Alarm for missing measures: When the theoretical safety measures status of a certain protection cabinet is working or operating warning, but the actual safety measures status is no measures, it is judged as an abnormality of missing measures, such as a scenario where safety signs should be hung on site but are not.

[0061] Misaligned Safety Measures Alarm: When the theoretical safety measures status of a certain protection cabinet is "working" and the actual safety measures status is "operational warning" or "operational warning" and the actual safety measures status is "working", it is determined to be an abnormality of misaligned safety measures. For example, in the scenario where the two types of safety signs are incorrectly arranged in reverse order on site.

[0062] Multiple Safety Measures Alarm: When the theoretical safety measures status of a certain protection cabinet is no measures, but the actual safety measures status is working sign status or operation warning sign status, it is judged as multiple safety measures abnormality, such as the scene where safety signs that should not be hung are mistakenly hung on site.

[0063] Foreign object intrusion alarm: When the actual safety measures of any protection cabinet are in an abnormal obstruction state (i.e., the infrared sensor identifies it as a non-standard obstruction mode), it is directly determined to be an abnormal foreign object intrusion, such as an abnormal scenario where there are debris, tools or non-standard objects on site obstructing the detection optical path.

[0064] The alarm signals generated by the consistency verification unit are output through the display layer and are divided into two categories: visual alarms and auditory alarms. In terms of visual alarms: the indicator light on the corresponding protection cabinet in the graphical user interface switches to a flashing red state, and at the same time, a pop-up warning dialog box (messagebox.showwarning) is invoked. The dialog box clearly displays the prompt message "XX protection cabinet safety measures abnormal: [abnormal type]", which makes it easy for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the abnormal location and cause.

[0065] Regarding auditory alarms: the winsound.Beep driver is called to emit a continuous beeping alert tone, which continues until the abnormal state is resolved and then automatically stops.

[0066] To prevent the same anomaly from triggering repeated alarms, the system is configured with an alarm anti-repetition mechanism: for the same type of anomaly in the same protection cabinet, an alarm action will only be triggered once during the duration of the anomaly; when the anomaly reappears after it disappears, the alarm will be triggered again, balancing the warning effect with the on-site user experience.

[0067] In this embodiment, the display layer is communicatively connected to the consistency verification unit. The theoretical and actual safety measures status of all protection cabinets in the entire station are displayed in the form of light-up signs through the graphical user interface (GUI). The light-up signs are arranged according to the on-site layout order of the protection cabinets and are colored according to the frequency of appearance of the work order: protection cabinets with an appearance frequency of ≥3 times are marked in red and the frequency is displayed; those with an appearance frequency of 2 times are marked in yellow and the frequency is displayed; those with an appearance frequency of 1 time are marked in blue and marked "appeared 1 time"; and those with an appearance frequency of 0 times are marked in gray and marked "appeared 0 times".

[0068] Please refer to again Figure 3 As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a method for detecting safety measures of substation protection cabinets, applied to the substation protection cabinet safety measure detection system described in Embodiment 1 above. The method includes: Step S1: Pre-store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; Step S2: Obtain work order data of the substation in execution state, and identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; Step S3: Based on the preset safety operation procedures and the relationship between the set of work protection cabinets and the physical adjacent positions, deduce and generate the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet. Step S4: Real-time collection of the hanging status signal of the safety measure signs on each protection cabinet through physical detection method to identify the actual safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet; Step S5: Verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet. If the two do not match, generate an abnormal alarm signal and output the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet.

[0069] The following combination Figure 4 The specific process shown provides a detailed explanation of the implementation methods for each step.

[0070] After the monitoring host is powered on, it starts the security measure detection program and enters the initialization process.

[0071] First, the location library is loaded: the program reads the location library file of the protection cabinets and loads the identification information and physical adjacent location relationships of all protection cabinets.

[0072] Then, a list of screen locations and adjacent mappings are constructed. Based on the loaded location library data, a list of protection cabinets and a mapping dictionary between each protection cabinet and its adjacent cabinets are built in memory.

[0073] Initialize the GUI to display the illuminated signs. Start the graphical user interface and generate an array of illuminated signs according to the on-site layout of the protective cabinets. Initially, all illuminated signs are grayed out by default.

[0074] After initialization is complete, three execution branches are started in parallel: one-time PDF analysis and processing branch, infrared sensor acquisition branch, and background monitoring thread branch.

[0075] Branch 1: Work Order Analysis and Theoretical Model Generation Initiate one-time PDF analysis and processing: Traverse all running work order PDF files in the specified directory and parse and process them one by one.

[0076] Extract and clean PDF text: Extract the text content of the PDF file page by page, and perform standardization cleaning on the text: unify character format, delete whitespace characters and punctuation marks, remove parentheses and internal content to obtain standardized text; at the same time, perform the same standardization process on the names of protection cabinets in the location database to ensure consistent matching standards.

[0077] Keyword matching and frequency statistics: The standardized names of protection cabinets are used as keywords, and matching statistics are performed in the standardized text of each PDF. If a protection cabinet name appears once or more in each PDF, it is counted as the work order containing that protection cabinet. The statistical results of all work orders are summed to obtain the frequency of occurrence of each protection cabinet.

[0078] Identify the set of working protection cabinets: identify protection cabinets that appear ≥1 times as working protection cabinets, and summarize them to form a set of working protection cabinets.

[0079] The theoretical safety measure status table is generated by reasoning: Based on the working protection cabinet set and the relationship between the physical adjacent positions, the safety measure reasoning unit infers the theoretical safety measure status of each protection cabinet according to the preset safety operation procedures, and forms the theoretical safety measure status table.

[0080] Second branch: Real-time acquisition of on-site conditions Initialize infrared sensor acquisition: The program establishes a communication connection with the USB digital input module, configures parameters such as the sampling period, and starts sensor signal acquisition.

[0081] Circularly read the digital input level signals of the 3-channel × N-screen DI status: The background acquisition thread reads the digital input level signals of the 3-channel infrared sensors of all protection cabinets in a cyclic manner according to the preset sampling period.

[0082] Status recognition: Based on the combined status of 3-channel DI signals, the actual safety measures status of each protective cabinet is determined according to the preset recognition logic.

[0083] Generate an actual safety measure status table: Summarize the identification results of all protection cabinets and generate an actual safety measure status table that is updated in real time.

[0084] Add to thread-safe queue: Write the generated actual measure status table to a thread-safe queue for the main thread to read, avoiding data conflicts caused by multi-threaded concurrency.

[0085] Third branch: Startup of background monitoring thread Start the background monitoring thread: The background thread is responsible for maintaining the continuous operation of sensor data acquisition and ensuring real-time updates of status data.

[0086] The main thread retrieves the theoretical and actual states: The main thread reads the theoretical safety measures state table and simultaneously reads the latest actual safety measures state table from the thread safety queue.

[0087] Screen-by-screen comparison for consistency: The consistency verification unit compares the theoretical safety measures status of each protective panel with the actual safety measures status one by one.

[0088] If the comparison matches, the display will be normal: the corresponding protective cabinet's indicator light in the GUI interface will be displayed in a normal state according to the frequency coloring rules.

[0089] If the comparison is inconsistent, the anomaly type is classified and identified: the consistency verification unit determines the anomaly type as missing measures, incorrectly hung measures, multiple hung measures, or foreign object intrusion based on the specific circumstances of the mismatch.

[0090] Trigger an audible and visual alarm and a pop-up window. The corresponding protective cabinet's indicator light on the display layer flashes red, an abnormality notification window pops up, and a buzzer sounds an alarm.

[0091] The system continues to run until the user closes it. It continuously executes the process of status acquisition, comparison, and output until the user actively closes the program.

[0092] For other working processes and principles of this embodiment, please refer to the description of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: This invention constructs a three-layer consistency verification system—"work ticket work location—theoretical layout model—actual on-site status"—through a mechanism of automatic work ticket parsing and joint verification of the physical status of safety measure markings, thereby achieving intelligent management and control of safety measures for substation protection cabinets. This invention can automatically complete a comprehensive verification of all safety measures for the entire substation protection cabinets after work ticket approval, instantly identifying anomalies such as missing, incorrectly hung, or multiple hanging measures, advancing the error detection point to before the start of work, eliminating safety hazards from the source such as accidental entry into operating intervals or accidental contact with operating equipment; continuously monitoring the marking status throughout the work process, it can promptly respond to marking displacement, accidental removal, and non-standard abnormal obstruction scenarios, ensuring the effectiveness of safety measures throughout; when the work location is changed, the theoretical model can be updated and re-verified synchronously, eliminating the management vacuum period caused by the asynchrony between the measure status and the work scenario. Furthermore, this solution, based on a passive identification method using a three-channel infrared array, requires no modification to the safety sign itself and does not change on-site operating habits, while offering advantages in both high reliability and low cost. The system can automatically retain abnormal alarm records to form an electronic ledger, providing data support for safety supervision and procedure optimization, and promoting the upgrading of substation secondary safety measures management towards digitalization and intelligence.

[0094] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety measure detection system for substation protection cabinets, characterized in that, include: The panel information storage unit is used to store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; The work order parsing unit is used to obtain work order data of the substation in the execution state, and to identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; The safety measure reasoning unit is communicatively connected to the cabinet information storage unit and the work order parsing unit, respectively, and is used to infer the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet based on the preset safety operation procedures and the physical adjacent position relationship between the set of protective cabinets. The status detection unit is installed in the identification hanging area of ​​each protection cabinet, corresponding to each protection cabinet. It is used to collect the hanging status signal of the safety measure sign on the corresponding protection cabinet in real time through physical detection, and to identify the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protection cabinet. The consistency verification unit is communicatively connected to the safety measure inference unit and the status detection unit, respectively. It is used to verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measure status and the actual safety measure status of each protection cabinet. When the two do not match, an abnormal alarm signal is generated and the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet is output.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The safety measure reasoning unit generates the theoretical safety measure status for each protective cabinet according to the following method: Traverse all protective cabinets in the entire station. If a protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, then determine that the theoretical safety measures status of the protective cabinet is the working identification status. For each protective cabinet in the working state, the corresponding physical adjacent position relationship is retrieved to check its adjacent protective cabinets: if the adjacent protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, the adjacent protective cabinet maintains the working state, and multiple adjacent working protective cabinets are merged into a continuous working block; if the adjacent protective cabinet does not belong to the set of working protective cabinets, the theoretical safety measure status of the adjacent protective cabinet is determined to be the operation warning state. For a protection cabinet that does not belong to the set of working protection cabinets and is not physically adjacent to any working protection cabinet, its theoretical safety measures status is determined to be no measures.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status detection unit includes infrared detection components that correspond one-to-one with each protection cabinet. Each infrared detection component includes three sets of infrared beam sensors, corresponding to the left, middle, and right sides of the protective cabinet door frame, respectively. Each set of infrared beam sensors includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter is fixedly installed on the upper door frame of the protective cabinet, and the receiver is fixedly installed on the lower door frame of the protective cabinet, forming three detection optical paths perpendicular to the door frame plane.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The status detection unit identifies the actual safety measure status of the corresponding protection cabinet based on the combination of the occlusion states of the three detection optical paths: When all three detection optical paths are unobstructed, the actual safety measure status is determined to be no measure. When only the central detection optical path is blocked, while the left and right detection optical paths are not blocked, the actual safety measures status is determined to be the working status. When all three detection optical paths are blocked, the actual safety measures are determined to be in the state of operation warning sign. If the combination of obstruction states does not meet the above three conditions, the actual safety measure state is determined to be a foreign object intrusion state.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The consistency verification unit is specifically used to verify the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet one by one. The verification method is as follows: If the theoretical safety measures are in the working status and the actual safety measures are in the working status, they are considered to be in the same status. If the theoretical safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign and the actual safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign, they are considered to be in the same state. If the theoretical safety measures are in a state of no measures and the actual safety measures are in a state of no measures, the states are considered to be consistent. Any other mismatches are considered abnormal and trigger an alarm.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The anomaly type information includes missing measures, incorrectly attached measures, multiple attached measures, and foreign object intrusion. If the theoretical safety measures status is "working indicator" or "operational warning indicator", but the actual safety measures status is "no measures", it is judged as a lack of measures. If the theoretical safety measure status is "working" and the actual safety measure status is "operational warning" or the theoretical safety measure status is "operational warning" and the actual safety measure status is "working", it is determined that the measure is incorrectly applied. If the theoretical safety measures status is "no measures" but the actual safety measures status is "working sign" or "operational warning sign", it is judged as "multiple measures attached". When the actual security measures are in an abnormal obstruction state, it is determined to be an intrusion of foreign objects.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cabinet information storage unit uses an Excel-formatted protective cabinet location database as its storage medium. The location database contains three columns of data: protective cabinet serial number, protective cabinet name, and physical adjacent location relationship. When the system starts, the cabinet information storage unit reads the location database data and constructs a dictionary mapping the list of protected cabinets and their physical adjacency relationships in memory.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The work order parsing unit is specifically used for: Obtain all PDF work order files in execution status within the substation, extract the text content of each work order page by page, and perform standardized cleaning processing on the extracted text and the protection cabinet identification information in the cabinet information storage unit. Using the standardized protective cabinet identification information as matching keywords, keyword matching is performed in each cleaned work order text. If a protection cabinet identifier is matched one or more times in a single work order, it is counted as one valid occurrence of that protection cabinet. The cumulative occurrence frequency of each protection cabinet is obtained by accumulating the valid occurrences of all work orders. Protective cabinets that have a cumulative occurrence frequency of 1 or more are included in the set of working protective cabinets.

9. A method for detecting safety measures of substation protection cabinets, characterized in that, The method is applied to the substation protection panel safety measure detection system as described in any one of claims 1-8, including: Step S1: Pre-store the identification information of each protection panel in the substation, as well as the physical adjacent position relationship between each protection panel; Step S2: Obtain work order data of the substation in execution state, and identify the set of working protection cabinets from the work order data; Step S3: Based on the preset safety operation procedures and the relationship between the set of work protection cabinets and the physical adjacent positions, deduce and generate the theoretical safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet. Step S4: Real-time collection of the hanging status signal of the safety measure signs on each protection cabinet through physical detection method to identify the actual safety measure status corresponding to each protection cabinet; Step S5: Verify the consistency between the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet. If the two do not match, generate an abnormal alarm signal and output the abnormal type information of the corresponding protection cabinet.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: Traverse all protective cabinets in the entire station. If a protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, then determine that the theoretical safety measures status of the protective cabinet is the working identification status. For each protective cabinet in the working state, the corresponding physical adjacent position relationship is retrieved to check its adjacent protective cabinets: if the adjacent protective cabinet belongs to the set of working protective cabinets, the adjacent protective cabinet maintains the working state, and multiple adjacent working protective cabinets are merged into a continuous working block; if the adjacent protective cabinet does not belong to the set of working protective cabinets, the theoretical safety measure status of the adjacent protective cabinet is determined to be the operation warning state. For a protection cabinet that does not belong to the set of working protection cabinets and is not physically adjacent to any working protection cabinet, its theoretical safety measures status is determined to be no measures.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S4, the suspension status signal is collected by infrared detection components corresponding to each protective cabinet; each set of infrared detection components includes 3 sets of infrared beam sensors, forming three detection optical paths perpendicular to the door frame plane; the identification of the actual safety measure status corresponding to each protective cabinet specifically includes: When all three detection optical paths are unobstructed, the actual safety measure status is determined to be no measure. When only the central detection optical path is blocked, while the left and right detection optical paths are not blocked, the actual safety measures status is determined to be the working status. When all three detection optical paths are blocked, the actual safety measures are determined to be in the state of operation warning sign. If the combination of obstruction states does not meet the above three conditions, the actual safety measure state is determined to be a foreign object intrusion state.

12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S5, the theoretical safety measures status and the actual safety measures status of each protection cabinet are verified one by one, specifically including: If the theoretical safety measures are in the working status and the actual safety measures are in the working status, they are considered to be in the same status. If the theoretical safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign and the actual safety measures are in the state of operational warning sign, they are considered to be in the same state. If the theoretical safety measures are in a state of no measures and the actual safety measures are in a state of no measures, the states are considered to be consistent. Any other mismatches are considered abnormal and trigger an alarm.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The anomaly types include missing measures, incorrectly attached measures, multiple attached measures, and foreign object intrusion: If the theoretical safety measures status is "working indicator" or "operational warning indicator", but the actual safety measures status is "no measures", it is judged as a lack of measures. If the theoretical safety measure status is "working" and the actual safety measure status is "operational warning" or the theoretical safety measure status is "operational warning" and the actual safety measure status is "working", it is determined that the measure is incorrectly applied. If the theoretical safety measures status is "no measures" but the actual safety measures status is "working sign" or "operational warning sign", it is judged as "multiple measures attached". When the actual security measures are in a state of foreign object intrusion, it is determined to be foreign object intrusion.

14. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: Obtain all PDF work order files in execution status within the substation, extract the text content of each work order page by page, and perform standardized cleaning processing on the extracted text and protection panel identification information; Using the standardized protective cabinet identification information as matching keywords, keyword matching is performed in each cleaned work order text. If a protection cabinet identifier is matched one or more times in a single work order, it is counted as one valid occurrence of that protection cabinet. The cumulative occurrence frequency of each protection cabinet is obtained by accumulating the valid occurrences of all work orders. Protective cabinets that have a cumulative occurrence frequency of 1 or more are included in the set of working protective cabinets.

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