Intelligent power distribution automation control method and embedded control device

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent power distribution automation control method and an embedded control device, belongs to the technical field of power distribution automation control, and aims to solve the problem that the existing power distribution system only passively protects against macroscopic faults and cannot adapt to the needs of micro-disturbance treatment, differentiated protection of sensitive loads and low-disturbance power switching in a hybrid load scene, constructs load characteristic fingerprints through multi-dimensional power supply quality feature extraction, identifies load types and proportions and dynamically determines power supply sensitivity levels, generates an adaptive compensation strategy in combination with real-time disturbance states, and realizes standby power supply presynchronization and low-disturbance switching through power supply quality deterioration early warning. The application realizes active disturbance suppression, dynamic graded protection and smooth power switching in a hybrid load scene, and improves the implicit disturbance treatment capability of the power distribution system and the power supply reliability of sensitive loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution automation control technology, and in particular to an intelligent power distribution automation control method and an embedded control device. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to typical office or industrial power distribution scenarios, laboratory electrical loads exhibit a distinctly mixed and sensitive nature. Laboratories often contain power equipment with motors, compressors, pumps, fans, or heating / cooling components, and also frequently house precision instruments highly sensitive to power quality. Traditional power distribution automation control primarily addresses macroscopic electrical faults such as power outages, short circuits, overloads, leakage currents, overvoltages, and undervoltages, providing protection and switching. This type of control relies on RMS voltage values, RMS current values, switch status, or protection action signals as judgment criteria, making it difficult to identify and handle minor power quality disturbances that do not reach protection thresholds.

[0003] For precision instruments in a conventional laboratory, even if the aforementioned disturbances do not cause a power outage, they can still lead to baseline drift, sampling errors, control logic restarts, communication anomalies, temperature fluctuations, experimental pauses, or decreased data repeatability. Existing solutions fall into three categories: installing voltage regulators, UPS, uninterruptible power supplies, or power filters at the main power supply line or upstream of critical equipment in the laboratory; installing power quality monitoring instruments in the distribution cabinet to monitor parameters such as voltage, current, power factor, and harmonics; and installing dual power supply switching or backup power supply switching devices at important load locations.

[0004] Existing power quality management methods mostly employ static filtering or fixed compensation parameters, making it difficult to dynamically adjust based on real-time load changes within the laboratory. Current power distribution monitoring largely focuses on statistical analysis of power quality parameters, making it difficult to identify the source of disturbances and affected devices. Without recognizing the ratio and electrical characteristics of power equipment and sensitive equipment in the current circuit, it is difficult to formulate targeted power distribution control strategies. Existing dual-power switching or UPS switching focuses on the switching action after power failure, but lacks prediction of the power quality degradation trend before failure. Switching only after a fault occurs cannot meet the requirements of continuous experimental processes for power phase continuity and voltage smoothness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides an intelligent power distribution automation control method and an embedded control device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intelligent power distribution automation control method, comprising:

[0007] S1: Collect power supply quality data from the power distribution circuit;

[0008] S2: Perform multi-dimensional feature analysis on the power supply quality data to obtain a standardized electrical feature set, and generate a load feature fingerprint based on the standardized electrical feature set to determine the load type and load percentage;

[0009] S3: Determine the power supply sensitivity level based on the load type, load percentage, power supply quality status, and preset sensitivity rules;

[0010] S4: Based on the power supply sensitivity level and the real-time disturbance state determined by the power supply quality data, generate at least one control strategy among filter compensation, impedance matching, or switching warning;

[0011] S5: When a transient disturbance is detected, a compensation control quantity for suppressing the transient disturbance is generated based on the characteristics of the transient disturbance;

[0012] S6: Calculate the power quality degradation index to characterize the trend of power quality degradation based on the characteristics of power quality changes, and determine whether the early warning conditions are met.

[0013] S7: When the early warning conditions are met, control the backup power supply signal to synchronize with the current main power supply signal in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude, and perform low-disturbance switching when the main power supply is abnormal or the power supply quality exceeds the critical threshold.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the load characteristic fingerprint includes at least two of the following: fundamental current amplitude, peak inrush current, harmonic spectrum distribution, total harmonic distortion rate, power factor change rate, phase shift, current rise slope, transient duration, spectral energy distribution, or waveform distortion characteristic entropy.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the load type includes at least two of the following: power load, precision load, environmental regulation load, nonlinear electronic load, and conventional electrical load.

[0016] The power-type loads include equipment with motors, compressors, pumps, fans, or frequency converters; the precision-type loads include analytical instruments, testing instruments, measuring instruments, data acquisition equipment, control equipment, or precision electronic equipment.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the acquired current waveform or voltage waveform is segmented according to a sliding time window, and the harmonic energy distribution, transient characteristic entropy, waveform similarity and disturbance duration within each time window are calculated respectively.

[0018] The calculation results are matched with a preset load fingerprint database to determine the load type, load percentage, and disturbance source in the current power distribution circuit.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power supply sensitivity level includes at least a normal level, a stable level, a precision level, and a critical level;

[0020] When an increase in the proportion of sensitive loads, an increase in the frequency of transient disturbances, an increase in harmonic content, an increase in the amplitude of voltage fluctuations, or when critical loads are in operation are detected, the power supply sensitivity level is increased.

[0021] When a sensitive load is detected to be in standby mode, the frequency of disturbances decreases, or the power supply quality remains stable for a preset time, the power supply sensitivity level is reduced.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic adjustment performed according to the control strategy includes: adjusting the compensation current amplitude of the active filter; adjusting the compensation current phase angle; adjusting the access ratio of the controllable inductor compensation branch; adjusting the access ratio of the controllable capacitor compensation branch; adjusting the equivalent impedance of the damping branch; adjusting the harmonic suppression target frequency band; adjusting the transient surge suppression response time; and adjusting the compensation priority between different branch circuits.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the power supply quality degradation trend is characterized by a power supply quality degradation index.

[0024] The power quality degradation index is calculated by weighting at least two of the following: the rate of decrease in effective voltage value, the rate of frequency offset, the rate of phase offset, the rate of increase in total harmonic distortion, the transient impulse repetition frequency, and the voltage sag depth and duration.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phase, frequency, and amplitude synchronization in step S7 includes:

[0026] Obtain the real-time voltage phase, frequency, and amplitude of the main power supply;

[0027] Control the backup power supply or inverter power supply module to generate an output voltage that matches the main power supply;

[0028] When the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the main power supply and the backup power supply are all less than the corresponding preset thresholds, the power electronic switch is allowed to perform switching.

[0029] An intelligent power distribution automation embedded control device includes:

[0030] The front-end sampling module is used to collect at least one of the following data from the power distribution circuit: voltage, current, frequency, phase, transient waveform, voltage distortion rate, current distortion rate, and harmonic data.

[0031] An embedded control module, connected to the front-end sampling module, is used to generate load feature fingerprints based on the collected data, identify the load type in the current power distribution circuit, and determine the power supply sensitivity level.

[0032] An adaptive compensation module, connected to the embedded control module, is used to dynamically adjust the filtering parameters, compensation parameters, or impedance matching parameters according to the load type and power supply sensitivity level.

[0033] A power switching module, connected to the embedded control module, is used to perform low-disturbance switching between the main power supply and the backup power supply when the power quality deteriorates or the main power supply is abnormal.

[0034] The communication interface module is used to interact with electrical equipment, power distribution monitoring platforms, or energy management platforms.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the embedded control module includes a first computing core and a second computing core;

[0036] The first computing core is used to perform load feature fingerprint recognition, power supply sensitivity level judgment, and power supply quality degradation trend calculation;

[0037] The second computing core is used to perform adaptive compensation control, backup power phase tracking control, and power electronic switch triggering control;

[0038] The adaptive compensation module includes at least one of the following: a controllable inductor compensation branch, a controllable capacitor compensation branch, an active filter branch, a damping branch, a surge suppression branch, or a harmonic compensation branch.

[0039] The power switching module includes a phase detection unit, a synchronization control unit, and a power electronic switching unit. The phase detection unit is used to detect the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the main power supply and the backup power supply. The synchronization control unit is used to control the backup power supply or inverter power supply module to synchronize the phase, frequency, and amplitude. The power electronic switching unit is used to perform microsecond-level to sub-millisecond-level switching when the synchronization conditions are met.

[0040] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) This invention overcomes the technical limitations of using fixed thresholds for fault protection in traditional power distribution systems. By performing time-domain, frequency-domain, and transient multi-dimensional feature analysis on power quality data, load feature fingerprints are constructed to realize automatic identification of load types and quantitative calculation of load proportions in mixed load scenarios. A power supply sensitivity level mechanism is established that dynamically adjusts with load composition and equipment operation stage. Corresponding control strategies are matched for the differentiated power supply needs of different types of loads, solving the technical problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional power distribution schemes to mixed loads and improving the adaptability of power distribution systems to complex load environments.

[0042] (2) This invention actively suppresses latent disturbances such as micro-surges, harmonic surges, and voltage dips that do not reach the threshold of traditional protection actions by real-time detection and reverse compensation control of transient disturbances, thus blocking the transmission path of disturbances to sensitive loads; at the same time, it realizes the prediction of fault precursors by calculating power quality degradation index through multi-factor weighting, and completes the phase, frequency, and amplitude synchronization of backup power supply in advance before the main power supply fails completely, so as to achieve smooth switching with low disturbance, reduce the risk of phase change, amplitude step and micro power outage during the switching process, and ensure the operational stability and data reliability of precision equipment, metering equipment and testing equipment.

[0043] (3) The present invention constructs an embedded edge control architecture and adopts a dual-core division of labor design to decouple analysis and decision-making tasks such as load identification and degradation judgment from real-time control tasks such as compensation control and switching triggering, thus taking into account both the computational complexity of intelligent analysis and the real-time requirements of industrial control. At the same time, an independent safety bypass unit is configured to automatically enter a safety degradation state when sampling, compensation, communication or switching is abnormal, and the entire set of control logic runs independently on the edge side, which is suitable for various power distribution scenarios where sensitive loads and power loads coexist, such as laboratories, testing centers, clean rooms, and small production lines. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the intelligent power distribution automation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the intelligent power distribution automation embedded control device module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an electronic device that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention is also practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, an intelligent power distribution automation control method includes:

[0052] S1: Collect power supply quality data from the power distribution circuit;

[0053] S2: Perform multi-dimensional feature analysis on the power supply quality data to obtain a standardized electrical feature set, and generate a load feature fingerprint based on the standardized electrical feature set to determine the load type and load percentage;

[0054] S3: Determine the power supply sensitivity level based on the load type, load percentage, power supply quality status, and preset sensitivity rules;

[0055] S4: Based on the power supply sensitivity level and the real-time disturbance state determined by the power supply quality data, generate at least one control strategy among filter compensation, impedance matching, or switching warning;

[0056] S5: When a transient disturbance is detected, a compensation control quantity for suppressing the transient disturbance is generated based on the characteristics of the transient disturbance;

[0057] S6: Calculate the power quality degradation index to characterize the trend of power quality degradation based on the characteristics of power quality changes, and determine whether the early warning conditions are met.

[0058] S7: When the early warning conditions are met, control the backup power supply signal to synchronize with the current main power supply signal in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude, and perform low-disturbance switching when the main power supply is abnormal or the power supply quality exceeds the critical threshold.

[0059] By acquiring power quality data, a real-time observation foundation for distribution circuits is constructed. Time-domain, frequency-domain, and transient feature analysis transforms the raw electrical signals into a standardized set of electrical features for identification and control. This standardized set of electrical features is then used to generate load feature fingerprints, identifying the load type and load percentage in the current circuit. Combined with the power quality status, the power sensitivity level is determined, enabling the control strategy to dynamically change according to the load sensitivity. When disturbances occur, compensation control quantities are generated based on the disturbance amplitude, phase, duration, and propagation trend to actively suppress transient disturbances. When power quality shows a deteriorating trend, backup power synchronization is performed in advance, making the subsequent switching process smoother.

[0060] Example 2:

[0061] Step S1: Obtain power quality data of the power distribution circuit during operation. The power quality data includes at least one of voltage data, current data, frequency data, phase data, transient waveform data, distortion rate data, and harmonic data.

[0062] Among them, the power distribution circuit refers to the electrical circuit that leads out from the power distribution cabinet, power distribution box, busbar, branch switch or power supply terminal and supplies power to one or more electrical loads; the operation process refers to the process in which the power distribution circuit is in the power supply state and provides electrical energy to the load. This process includes steady-state operation, load start-up, load shutdown, load switching, load speed regulation, backup power supply switching and abnormal disturbance occurrence.

[0063] Power quality data refers to collected electrical data that reflects the power supply status and power quality of the distribution circuit. This includes voltage, current, and frequency data used for traditional distribution protection, as well as phase, transient waveform, distortion rate, and harmonic data used to identify micro-disturbances and load characteristics. Voltage data refers to the sampled values, RMS values, peak values, or trends of phase voltage, line voltage, bus voltage, or branch voltage in the distribution circuit, used to determine voltage sags, voltage swells, voltage fluctuations, and power supply interruptions. Current data refers to the sampled values, RMS values, peak values, or trends of phase current, zero-sequence current, branch current, or load current in the distribution circuit, used to determine inrush current, overload trends, load start-up and shutdown, and nonlinear current distortion. Frequency data refers to the real-time frequency or frequency offset of the AC power supply signal in the distribution circuit, used to determine the stability of the power supply and the synchronization status of the backup power supply. Phase data refers to the phase relationship between voltage and current, the phase difference between the main power supply signal and the backup power supply signal, the phase balance relationship between the three-phase voltages, or the voltage phase change trend over time, used to determine changes in power factor, changes in load characteristics, and switching synchronization conditions.

[0064] Transient waveform data refers to the rapidly changing voltage or current waveforms in a power distribution circuit during load startup, shutdown, switching, or abnormal disturbances. It is used to identify surges, spikes, voltage dips, transient oscillations, and impact loads. Distortion rate data refers to the degree of distortion of the voltage or current waveform relative to an ideal sine wave, including total harmonic distortion rate, voltage distortion rate, current distortion rate, or specific frequency harmonic distortion rate. Harmonic data refers to the amplitude, phase, and energy distribution of each frequency component other than the fundamental wave. It is used to identify the operating characteristics of nonlinear electronic loads, frequency converters, rectifiers, and switching power supply loads.

[0065] Specifically, acquiring power quality data involves converting continuous analog electrical quantities such as voltage and current in the power distribution circuit into data sequences for calculation, storage, and analysis. This invention includes not only low-frequency or steady-state parameters, but also transient waveforms formed by high-frequency sampling and harmonic information obtained through spectrum analysis. By simultaneously acquiring steady-state and transient data, a data foundation is provided for subsequent load identification, disturbance judgment, and degradation prediction.

[0066] Determine the location of the power distribution circuit to be monitored, such as the main bus, critical branch circuit, power equipment branch, sensitive load branch, or backup power input terminal; continuously sample the voltage and current at the corresponding location to obtain voltage sampling sequences and current sampling sequences; calculate the frequency, phase, RMS value, peak value, distortion rate, and harmonic components based on the sampling sequences; for transient disturbances, increase the sampling density or extract waveform segments before and after the disturbance when the current rise slope, voltage fall slope, or waveform spike exceeds the triggering condition; align the above data according to the timestamp to form power quality data for subsequent processing.

[0067] The sampling frequency for steady-state voltage and current parameters is 1kHz to 20kHz; the transient sampling frequency for capturing transient spikes, surges, or rapid disturbances is 20kHz to 1MHz; the time window length is set to one power frequency cycle to twenty power frequency cycles; for a 50Hz system, one power frequency cycle is 20ms, and for a 60Hz system, one power frequency cycle is approximately 16.67ms.

[0068] Transient triggering conditions include a current rise slope exceeding 5% / ms to 50% / ms of the rated current, a voltage drop depth exceeding 2% to 20% of the rated voltage, a voltage spike exceeding 105% to 150% of the rated voltage, or a total harmonic distortion rate increasing by more than 1% to 10% within a time window.

[0069] Data acquisition involves converting electrical physical quantities in the power distribution circuit into digital signals through sensing conversion and analog-to-digital conversion. Voltage is converted through voltage transformers, voltage divider networks, or isolated sampling circuits; current is converted through current transformers, Hall sensors, Rogowski coils, or shunts. The voltage and current acquisition channels must be synchronized in time to avoid phase calculation errors caused by sampling delays.

[0070] The voltage and current sampling channels are range-configured to ensure the sampling signals are within the allowable range of analog-to-digital conversion; the sampling signals are isolated, anti-aliasing filtered, and bias-corrected; multiple sampling channels are synchronously sampled according to a unified sampling clock to obtain multi-channel raw data; the raw data is timestamped, and zero-point correction, proportional coefficient conversion, and sampling anomaly detection are performed; the converted data is output as voltage data, current data, and transient waveform data.

[0071] The voltage sampling range is set according to the rated voltage of the power distribution system. For example, a single-phase 220V system is set to an effective value range of 0V to 300V, and a three-phase 380V system is set to an effective value range of 0V to 500V. The current sampling range is set according to the rated current of the branch. The analog-to-digital conversion resolution is 12-bit, 16-bit, 18-bit, or 24-bit. The anti-aliasing filter cutoff frequency is set to less than 0.4 times the sampling frequency. The multi-channel synchronization error is preferably less than 10 microseconds. In scenarios where precise phase synchronization switching is required, the multi-channel synchronization error is preferably less than 1 microsecond.

[0072] Step S2: Perform time-domain feature analysis, frequency-domain feature analysis, and transient feature analysis on the power supply quality data to obtain a standardized electrical feature set. Based on the standardized electrical feature set, generate the load feature fingerprint of the current power distribution circuit and determine the load type and load ratio in the current power distribution circuit according to the load feature fingerprint.

[0073] Among them, time-domain feature analysis refers to analyzing the changing characteristics of voltage or current waveforms on the time axis, including RMS value, peak value, mean value, variance, rising edge slope, falling edge slope, transient duration, periodic changes, and waveform abrupt change points.

[0074] Frequency domain characteristic analysis refers to converting time-domain waveforms to the frequency domain and analyzing characteristics such as fundamental frequency, harmonics, interharmonics, and spectral energy distribution, which can be used to identify nonlinear electronic loads, frequency conversion loads, and rectifier loads.

[0075] Transient characteristic analysis refers to the analysis of short-term unsteady waveforms that occur during load startup, shutdown, switching, or abnormal disturbances, extracting features such as surge amplitude, voltage sag depth, spike duration, oscillation decay time, and disturbance repetition frequency.

[0076] A standardized electrical feature set refers to a feature set formed by normalizing or standardizing electrical features from different sources, with different dimensions, and different orders of magnitude. This set serves as the input for subsequent load fingerprinting, sensitivity level judgment, and control strategy generation.

[0077] Time-domain characteristic analysis refers to the different voltage and current change patterns of different loads on the time axis. Power loads have inrush current and current rising edge at the moment of startup; environmental regulation loads have periodic start-stop characteristics; precision loads have relatively stable current changes but are sensitive to voltage fluctuations; nonlinear electronic loads have peak currents at certain time periods. By analyzing the amplitude, slope and duration of the waveform on the time axis, the operating state and disturbance pattern of the load can be preliminarily distinguished.

[0078] The voltage and current sampling sequences are divided into sliding time windows. Within each time window, the effective voltage value, effective current value, peak value, mean, variance, maximum rate of change, minimum rate of change, and zero-crossing point of the waveform are calculated. Based on the characteristic changes between adjacent time windows, it is determined whether there are start-up shocks, shutdown backflashes, voltage dips, or periodic fluctuations. The time-domain characteristics of each time window are arranged in chronological order to form a time-domain characteristic sequence.

[0079] The sliding time window length is from one to ten power frequency cycles, and the step size is 10% to 100% of the time window length; the current rise slope is calculated as the ratio of the current difference between adjacent sampling points to the sampling time interval; voltage sag is defined as the effective voltage value being lower than 90% of the rated voltage and lasting for more than half a power frequency cycle; for sensitive load scenarios, the effective voltage value being lower than 95% of the rated voltage and lasting for more than 2ms is used as a warning sag condition; the starting surge is defined as the peak current exceeding 1.5 to 8 times the steady-state current and lasting for less than 5s.

[0080] The voltage or current waveform within the time window is processed by a window function to reduce spectral leakage. The processed waveform is then subjected to Fourier transform or fast Fourier transform to obtain the spectral amplitude and spectral phase. The fundamental component, harmonic components, total harmonic distortion rate, energy proportion of specific frequency bands, and spectral centroid are extracted. The frequency domain parameters and time domain parameters are output together for subsequent load feature fingerprint generation.

[0081] The time window for frequency domain analysis is preferably set to cover an integer number of power frequency cycles to reduce spectral leakage; in a 50Hz system, the time window is set to 20ms, 40ms, 100ms, or 200ms; in a 60Hz system, the time window is set to approximately 16.67ms, 33.33ms, 83.33ms, or 166.67ms. Harmonic analysis includes harmonics from the 2nd to the 50th harmonics; the total harmonic distortion rate is calculated as the ratio of the square root of the sum of the squares of the effective values ​​of all harmonics to the effective value of the fundamental frequency.

[0082] The occurrence of a transient event is determined based on voltage slope, current slope, instantaneous amplitude, or high-frequency energy. When the transient triggering condition is met, waveform segments within a preset time range before and after the trigger point are extracted. The transient peak value, valley value, duration, rise time, decay time, oscillation frequency, and number of repetitions are calculated for the waveform segment. The type of disturbance is determined based on the similarity between the transient segment and the historical disturbance template. The transient features are fused with time-domain features and frequency-domain features to form feature data for identifying disturbance sources and propagation trends.

[0083] Transient triggering conditions include: the instantaneous voltage value exceeds 110% to 150% of the rated peak value; the effective voltage value decreases by more than 5% to 30% within half to five power frequency cycles; the instantaneous current value exceeds 1.5 to 10 times the steady-state current; the high-frequency energy exceeds 2 to 20 times the background noise energy within a transient window; the transient segment truncation range includes 1 ms to 100 ms before the trigger point and 1 ms to 1 s after the trigger point; and the perturbation template similarity is calculated by normalized cross-correlation, dynamic time warping, or Euclidean distance.

[0084] Determine the baseline or rated value for each type of electrical characteristic, such as rated voltage, rated current, rated frequency, and permissible harmonic threshold; perform ratio or difference processing on the measured characteristic values ​​and the corresponding baseline values; limit the amplitude of abnormal extreme values ​​to avoid distortion of subsequent judgments caused by a single abnormal point; combine the standardized characteristics according to a unified field structure to form a standardized set of electrical characteristics.

[0085] Voltage characteristics are normalized according to rated voltage, current characteristics are normalized according to rated current or historical steady-state current, frequency offset is normalized according to allowable frequency deviation, phase offset is normalized according to preset maximum allowable phase difference, and harmonic distortion rate is normalized according to allowable distortion rate threshold. For outliers exceeding the upper limit, upper limit truncation or logarithmic compression is used for processing.

[0086] Furthermore, load characteristic fingerprint refers to the identification data formed by the combination of multi-dimensional electrical characteristics exhibited by the load operation in the power distribution circuit. It is a feature vector or feature set composed of starting impact characteristics, steady-state power characteristics, harmonic spectrum characteristics, phase characteristics, transient waveform characteristics, periodic start-stop characteristics, etc. Load type refers to the category classified according to the electrical behavior of electrical equipment and its impact on power supply quality. Load types include power loads, precision loads, environmental regulation loads, nonlinear electronic loads, and conventional power loads.

[0087] Among them, power loads refer to electrical equipment with motors, compressors, pumps, fans, frequency converters, or other mechanical drive components; precision loads refer to electrical equipment that is sensitive to power supply stability, waveform quality, phase continuity, or voltage fluctuations; environmental control loads refer to electrical equipment used to maintain the temperature, humidity, cleanliness, ventilation, or refrigeration of a location; and nonlinear electronic loads refer to electrical equipment whose current waveform and voltage waveform are not linearly related.

[0088] Load percentage refers to the proportion of different load types contributing to the overall load state or overall electrical characteristics in the current power distribution circuit. It is calculated based on active power contribution, apparent power contribution, current contribution, harmonic contribution, or characteristic contribution.

[0089] Different types of loads absorb electrical energy in different dynamic processes. Power loads exhibit obvious starting impact and mechanical inertia characteristics; nonlinear electronic loads exhibit obvious harmonic and high-frequency switching characteristics; environmental regulation loads exhibit periodic start-stop characteristics; and conventional power loads have relatively stable waveforms. By combining standardized electrical features according to certain rules, fingerprint data that can characterize the load's operating state is formed. Features related to load identification are extracted from the standardized electrical feature set, including starting impact factor, steady-state power factor, harmonic distortion factor, phase offset factor, transient spike factor, and periodic start-stop factor. These are arranged into a feature vector in a preset order. The current feature vector is compared with the reference fingerprint in the preset load fingerprint database. Based on the similarity comparison result, the load feature fingerprint of the current power distribution circuit is generated, and the timestamp and operating state corresponding to the fingerprint are recorded.

[0090] The load feature fingerprint is represented as follows: Where F represents the payload feature fingerprint; I s Indicates the initiation shock factor; V d H represents the voltage disturbance factor; t P represents the harmonic distortion factor; f T represents the power factor variation factor; r Represents the transient response factor; C p This indicates the cycle start / stop factor.

[0091] Initiation shock factor I s Calculate using the following formula: , among which, I p I represents the peak current within the time window. st I represents the steady-state current before startup or before disturbance. r Indicates the rated current of the power distribution circuit; I s The larger the value, the more pronounced the load startup impact.

[0092] Voltage disturbance factor V d Calculate using the following formula: Among them, V r Indicates the rated voltage, V min This represents the minimum effective value of the voltage within the time window, V. d The larger the value, the more pronounced the voltage sag.

[0093] Harmonic distortion factor H t The total harmonic distortion (THD) is calculated using the following formula: Where U1 represents the fundamental effective value, and U2 to U... n These represent the effective values ​​of the 2nd to nth harmonics, where n is 25, 40, or 50.

[0094] Cycle start / stop factor C pBased on the number of similar start-up events occurring within a preset time period, if multiple start-up impact events with similar amplitude, slope, and duration occur within an observation period of 1 to 30 minutes, the load is determined to have periodic start-stop characteristics. A load fingerprint database is established, storing reference feature ranges or reference feature vectors corresponding to different load types. The current load feature fingerprint is matched with the reference features in the load fingerprint database. The similarity between the current fingerprint and each reference fingerprint is calculated. The category with the highest similarity exceeding a preset recognition threshold is determined as the current load type. If the similarity of multiple categories exceeds the threshold, it is determined that the current power distribution circuit has mixed loads, and multiple load types are output.

[0095] Similarity is calculated using at least one of the following: cosine similarity, Euclidean distance, Mahalanobis distance, dynamic time-normalized distance, or rule-matching score. Taking cosine similarity as an example, the similarity S between the current payload fingerprint F and the reference fingerprint R is calculated using the following formula: Where F・R represents the vector dot product, |F| represents the magnitude of the current loaded feature fingerprint, and |R| represents the magnitude of the reference fingerprint; the similarity S ranges from 0 to 1, and the closer S is to 1, the closer the current fingerprint is to the reference fingerprint.

[0096] The load type identification threshold is set between 0.65 and 0.95. For general power distribution scenarios, the threshold is set to 0.75; for scenarios with many critical loads and high costs of misjudgment, the threshold is set to above 0.85. In mixed load scenarios, the total electrical characteristics of the power distribution circuit are the result of the combined effect of multiple loads. The load proportion needs to be estimated based on the contribution of each type of load to the total characteristics in order to determine the power supply sensitivity level and compensation priority. Based on the load identification results, candidate load types are determined. Features that can represent the contribution of each type of load are extracted from the standardized electrical feature set. The contributions of different features are weighted to obtain the comprehensive contribution of each type of load. The comprehensive contribution of each type of load is normalized to obtain the load proportion.

[0097] In one implementation, the overall contribution G of the k-th type of load is... k Calculate according to the following formula: G k =a1P k +a2Q k +a3H k +a4T k +a5C k Among them, P k Q represents the active power contribution factor of the k-th type of load. k H represents the reactive power contribution factor. k T represents the harmonic contribution factor. k C represents the transient shock contribution factor. kThe 'a' represents the contribution factor for the start and stop of the cycle; a1 to a5 represent the weighting coefficients, and a1+a2+a3+a4+a5=1.

[0098] The proportion of load type k is R k Calculate R according to the following formula: k =G k / (G1+G2+...+G m ); where m represents the number of candidate load types, R k The value range is 0 to 1; for scenarios with a lot of power loads, a4 is set to 0.25 to 0.45; for scenarios with a lot of nonlinear electronic loads, a3 is set to 0.25 to 0.50.

[0099] Step S3 determines the power supply sensitivity level of the current power distribution circuit based on the load type, the load percentage, the power supply quality status, and the preset sensitivity rules.

[0100] Among them, the power supply quality status refers to the comprehensive power supply status of the current power distribution circuit, including voltage stability, frequency stability, phase continuity, harmonic content, transient disturbance frequency, surge amplitude, and historical fault status.

[0101] The preset sensitivity rules refer to the set of rules used to determine the required protection level for different load combinations under different power quality conditions. The power supply sensitivity level refers to the control level divided according to the load's requirements for power supply quality and the current power supply quality status. The higher the power supply sensitivity level, the more stringent the requirements for power supply quality of the current distribution circuit, and the higher the requirements for disturbance suppression and switching smoothness. The normal level means that the current circuit is mainly equipped with ordinary lighting, ordinary sockets, or low-sensitivity loads, and allows a relatively wide range of voltage fluctuations and harmonics. The stable level means that the current circuit has a certain proportion of sensitive loads or environmental regulation loads, and it is necessary to suppress obvious harmonics, surges, and voltage fluctuations. The precision level means that the current circuit has a high proportion of precision loads, and is more sensitive to voltage fluctuations, phase changes, and harmonic distortions, and requires improved compensation response speed and switching warning sensitivity. The critical level means that the current circuit has critical loads in operation, or power outages, minor power outages, or obvious waveform distortions causing data anomalies, control resets, or process interruptions, and requires the highest level of power quality control.

[0102] Based on the load type and load percentage obtained in step S3, calculate the load sensitivity factor, calculate the power supply status factor based on the current voltage fluctuation, frequency offset, harmonic distortion and transient disturbance frequency, calculate the operation phase factor based on the operating status of the electrical equipment or external configuration rules, and comprehensively judge the load sensitivity factor, power supply status factor and operation phase factor to determine the current power supply sensitivity level.

[0103] In one implementation, the power supply sensitivity level L is determined based on a comprehensive sensitivity score M, which is calculated using the following formula: M = b1S l +b2S p +b3S s +b4S h Among them, S l S represents the load sensitivity factor. p S represents the power supply status factor. s S represents the operational phase factor. h b1 represents the historical risk factor; b1 to b4 represent the weighting coefficients, and b1+b2+b3+b4=1.

[0104] Load sensitivity factor S l Calculated based on the percentage of various load types and their corresponding sensitivity weights: S l =R1W1+R2W2+...+R m W m Among them, R k W represents the proportion of the k-th type of load. k This represents the sensitivity weight of the k-th load category. The sensitivity weight for ordinary electrical loads is 0.1 to 0.3; the sensitivity weight for environmental control loads is 0.3 to 0.6; the sensitivity weight for nonlinear electronic loads is 0.4 to 0.7; the sensitivity weight for precision loads is 0.7 to 1.0; and the sensitivity weight for critical loads under operating conditions is 0.9 to 1.0.

[0105] Power supply status factor S p Calculated comprehensively from voltage fluctuations, frequency shifts, phase disturbances, harmonic distortions, and transient impulse frequencies; Operational phase factor S s The value is determined based on the equipment's operating status: 0.1 to 0.3 for standby status, 0.4 to 0.6 for startup status, 0.3 to 0.5 for stable operation status, 0.7 to 1.0 for sampling or critical testing status, and 0.8 to 1.0 for alarm or abnormal status.

[0106] In one implementation, when M is less than 0.25, it is determined to be of the normal level; when M is greater than or equal to 0.25 and less than 0.50, it is determined to be of the stable level; when M is greater than or equal to 0.50 and less than 0.75, it is determined to be of the precision level; and when M is greater than or equal to 0.75, it is determined to be of the critical level. The above thresholds are adjusted according to the field load characteristics.

[0107] Step S4 generates at least one control strategy among filtering compensation strategy, impedance matching strategy, and switching early warning strategy based on the power supply sensitivity level and real-time disturbance status.

[0108] Among them, real-time disturbance status refers to the abnormal power quality state that is currently occurring or about to occur in the current power distribution circuit, including transient surges, voltage troughs, harmonic surges, frequency shifts, phase disturbances, repetitive impacts, and waveform distortions; filtering compensation strategy refers to the control strategy used to suppress harmonics, ripples, spikes, or waveform distortions, including parameters such as compensation current amplitude, compensation phase angle, target harmonic frequency, compensation response time, and compensation duration; impedance matching strategy refers to the strategy of adjusting equivalent inductive reactance, capacitive reactance, damping, or active compensation parameters to make the power distribution circuit present a more suitable equivalent impedance to a specific disturbance frequency band, thereby reducing disturbance propagation or avoiding local resonance; switching early warning strategy refers to the strategy of setting backup power supply synchronization, switching thresholds, and switching allowable conditions in advance when the main power supply has not completely failed but the power quality shows a deteriorating trend; control strategy refers to the set of parameters or logical rules used to guide subsequent compensation, adjustment, early warning, or switching actions.

[0109] The main harmonic distribution frequency bands are determined based on frequency domain characteristics. The target harmonic suppression level is determined based on the power supply sensitivity level. The compensation current amplitude and phase angle are calculated based on the harmonic amplitude and phase to form a filtering compensation strategy, which is then output to the subsequent control process. The target harmonic frequency bands in the filtering compensation strategy include the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 11th, 13th and higher harmonics. For scenarios with many nonlinear electronic loads, the 5th and 7th harmonics are suppressed first. For scenarios with three-phase imbalance or significant neutral current, the 3rd harmonic and its multiples are suppressed first. The compensation response time is set according to the power supply sensitivity level: 100ms to 1s for normal level, 20ms to 200ms for stable level, 1ms to 50ms for precision level, and 100μs to 10ms for critical level.

[0110] Disturbance propagation in power distribution circuits is related to the circuit's equivalent impedance. When a disturbance in a certain frequency band is easily conducted to sensitive loads through a common bus or branch circuit, the disturbance propagation path and attenuation characteristics can be altered by adjusting the circuit's equivalent inductive reactance, capacitive reactance, or damping characteristics. This involves identifying the main frequency band and propagation direction of the disturbance, determining whether the disturbance is conducted to the circuit containing the sensitive load, calculating the target equivalent impedance based on the disturbance frequency band, and generating an impedance matching strategy to ensure that the corresponding circuit exhibits higher attenuation capability or lower coupling capability for the target disturbance frequency band.

[0111] In one implementation, the target equivalent impedance Z t According to the disturbance frequency f d and expected attenuation coefficient K a Determined; when inductive suppression of a certain frequency disturbance is required, the inductive reactance X is adjusted by changing the equivalent inductance L. L satisfy: ; where f dThe value represents the target disturbance frequency, L represents the equivalent inductance, and C represents the equivalent capacitance. The equivalent inductance is adjusted in the range of microhenries to millihenries, and the equivalent capacitance is adjusted in the range of nanofarads to millifarads. The actual values ​​should be determined based on the rated voltage, rated current, target disturbance frequency band, and safety margin of the distribution circuit.

[0112] Power supply anomalies are preceded by warning signs: voltage first shows a continuous downward trend, frequency first shows a shift, phase first shows jitter, and harmonics first show a sudden increase. Switching needs to be prepared in advance when the degradation trend reaches the warning conditions. The warning threshold is determined based on the power supply sensitivity level, and the existence of a degradation trend is judged based on the real-time disturbance status. If the degradation trend reaches the warning conditions, a backup power supply synchronization flag is set and the system enters a pre-synchronization preparation state, generating a switching warning strategy that includes phase synchronization threshold, frequency synchronization threshold, amplitude synchronization threshold, and switching allowable conditions.

[0113] The phase synchronization threshold is set to 0.5° to 10°; for critical levels, it is preferably set to 0.5° to 2°; for precision levels, it is preferably set to 1° to 5°; the frequency synchronization threshold is set to 0.01Hz to 0.5Hz; the amplitude synchronization threshold is set to 0.5% to 5% of the rated voltage; the switching warning trigger time is 1ms to 5s earlier than the critical switching time, and the specific value is determined according to the backup power supply start-up time and the load sensitivity.

[0114] Step S5: When a transient disturbance caused by an impact load, dynamic load, or nonlinear load is detected, a compensation control quantity for suppressing the transient disturbance is generated based on the amplitude, phase, duration, and propagation trend of the transient disturbance.

[0115] Among them, impulsive load refers to a load that generates a large instantaneous current or significant voltage disturbance when starting up, switching, or changing its operating state; transient disturbance refers to a power quality anomaly that is short in duration, changes rapidly, and differs from a steady-state waveform, including surges, voltage troughs, spikes, oscillations, harmonic surges, and phase jumps; propagation trend refers to the tendency of transient disturbances to propagate from the disturbance source to other branches or sensitive loads in the power distribution circuit; compensation control quantity refers to the control output parameters used to suppress transient disturbances, including compensation current, compensation voltage, compensation phase, compensation duration, compensation trigger time, and compensation amplitude upper limit.

[0116] The system continuously reads the voltage change rate, current change rate, harmonic increment, and phase change from a standardized electrical characteristic set, comparing these parameters with transient triggering thresholds. If any parameter exceeds the threshold, waveform segments before and after the disturbance are extracted. Based on these waveform segments, the amplitude, phase, duration, and propagation trend of the transient disturbance are determined. Transient disturbance triggering conditions include: current change rate exceeding 5% to 50% of rated current; voltage change rate exceeding 1% to 20% of rated voltage; harmonic distortion rate increasing by more than 1% to 10% within a time window; phase abrupt change exceeding 1° to 15°; and instantaneous voltage spike exceeding 110% to 150% of rated voltage.

[0117] If the transient disturbance has a measurable amplitude and phase, a compensation quantity in the opposite direction or phase is generated to reduce the residual amplitude of the disturbance on the sensitive load side. For harmonic disturbances, a reverse harmonic compensation for the corresponding frequency is generated; for surges or spikes, a short-time suppression control quantity is generated; for voltage troughs, a support-type compensation control quantity is generated. The disturbance type corresponding to the transient disturbance is determined, and the amplitude and phase of the compensation control quantity are determined based on the disturbance amplitude and phase. The compensation trigger time and duration are determined based on the disturbance duration and propagation trend. The compensation control quantity is output, and after compensation, the residual disturbance on the sensitive load side is re-detected to determine whether secondary compensation is needed.

[0118] For harmonic disturbances, the compensation current i c (t) is determined according to the following formula:

[0119] i c (t)=-K h ×I h ×sin(hωt+φ h )

[0120] Among them, i c (t) represents the compensation current, Kh represents the harmonic compensation coefficient, and I h The value represents the amplitude of the h-th harmonic current, where h represents the harmonic order, ω represents the fundamental angular frequency, and φ represents the fundamental frequency. h K represents the phase of the h-th harmonic. h Take a value between 0.3 and 1.2; when the power supply sensitivity level is high, K h Take values ​​from 0.8 to 1.0; when overcompensation risk exists, K h Take a value between 0.3 and 0.7.

[0121] For surge disturbances, the compensation duration is set to 0.5 to 2 times the disturbance duration; for voltage descent disturbances, the compensation control amount is set to restore the voltage on the sensitive load side to 95% to 105% of the rated voltage.

[0122] Step S6 calculates the power quality degradation index based on at least one of voltage drop slope, frequency offset rate, phase offset, harmonic increment and transient impulse repetition frequency, and determines whether the warning conditions are met based on the power quality degradation index.

[0123] Among them, voltage sag slope refers to the rate at which the effective or instantaneous voltage value decreases over time. It reflects whether the voltage is rapidly deteriorating; frequency offset rate refers to the rate of change or deviation of the power supply frequency relative to the rated frequency. It reflects the stability of the power supply; phase offset refers to the degree of deviation of the current voltage phase relative to the reference phase, historical phase, or backup power supply phase; harmonic increment refers to the increase in harmonic content relative to the previous time window, historical average, or normal state; transient impact repetition frequency refers to the number of transient impact events occurring per unit time. It reflects whether the disturbance shows a repetitive or aggravating trend; power quality degradation index refers to a numerical indicator used to comprehensively characterize the degree of deterioration in power quality; warning condition refers to the judgment condition triggered when the power quality degradation index reaches a preset threshold, or when it shows an upward trend for multiple consecutive time windows.

[0124] The voltage drop slope, frequency offset, phase offset, harmonic increment, and transient impact repetition frequency within the current time window are obtained. The above parameters are normalized according to their corresponding reference values. The weight of each normalization factor is determined based on the current power supply sensitivity level. The normalization factors are weighted and summed to obtain the power supply quality degradation index.

[0125] The power quality degradation index D is calculated using the following formula: D = w1N v +w2N f +w3N p +w4N h +w5N t Where D represents the power quality degradation index; N v N represents the normalized voltage drop factor; f N represents the normalized frequency offset factor; p N represents the normalized phase shift factor; Nh represents the normalized harmonic increment factor; N t represents the normalized transient shock repetition factor; w1 to w5 represent the weighting coefficients, and w1+w2+w3+w4+w5=1.

[0126] Normalized voltage drop factor N v Calculate N using the following formula: v =min( ,1); where d V / d t K represents the rate of voltage drop per unit time. v This represents the reference value for the voltage drop slope. K vThe setting is 1% to 20% of the rated voltage per ms, depending on the rated voltage.

[0127] Normalized frequency offset factor N f Calculate N using the following formula: f =min( ,1); where f represents the real-time frequency, f0 represents the rated frequency, and K f This indicates the allowable frequency offset reference value. K f Use a frequency range of 0.1Hz to 2Hz.

[0128] Normalized phase shift factor N p Calculate N using the following formula: p =min( ,1); where Δφ represents the phase offset, K p This represents the phase offset reference value, with Kp ranging from 2° to 20°.

[0129] Normalized harmonic increment factor N h Calculate N using the following formula: h =min(| ,1); where THD t The total harmonic distortion (THD) represents the total harmonic distortion rate (THD) of the current time window. ref K represents the reference harmonic distortion rate. h K represents the reference value for harmonic increment. h Take 1% to 20%.

[0130] Normalized transient shock repetition factor N t Calculate N using the following formula: t =min( ,1); where n t N represents the number of transient impact events occurring within a preset statistical period. ref This represents the baseline value for the number of impact events, with the statistical period ranging from 1 second to 10 minutes, N. ref Take a number from 1 to 100.

[0131] The weighting coefficients are adjusted according to the power supply sensitivity level. Under the normal level, w1 to w5 are relatively balanced. Under the precision level and critical level, the weights of phase offset factor, harmonic increment factor and transient impact repetition factor are increased. For the critical level, the sum of w3, w4 and w5 is set to 0.5 to 0.8.

[0132] The power quality degradation index D is compared with the warning threshold corresponding to the current power sensitivity level to determine whether D shows an upward trend over multiple consecutive time windows. If D exceeds the warning threshold, or if D, although not exceeding the warning threshold, shows a continuous upward trend and approaches the warning threshold, then the warning condition is met. The warning result is output, and backup power supply synchronization preparation is triggered. The warning threshold is set according to the power sensitivity level: 0.75 to 0.90 for the normal level; 0.60 to 0.80 for the stable level; 0.45 to 0.70 for the precision level; and 0.30 to 0.60 for the critical level.

[0133] Step S7, when the early warning conditions are met, controls the backup power supply signal to synchronize with the current main power supply signal in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude, and performs low-disturbance switching when the main power supply is abnormal or the power supply quality exceeds the critical threshold.

[0134] Among them, the backup power supply signal refers to the power supply signal of the backup power supply, inverter power supply, energy storage power supply, UPS output, or other alternative to the main power supply; the current main power supply signal refers to the power supply signal currently mainly used in the power distribution circuit; phase synchronization means that the voltage phase difference between the backup power supply signal and the current main power supply signal is kept within a preset range; frequency synchronization means that the output frequency of the backup power supply signal and the frequency of the current main power supply signal are kept within a preset range; amplitude synchronization means that the output voltage amplitude of the backup power supply signal and the voltage amplitude of the current main power supply signal are kept within a preset range; low disturbance switching refers to a power switching method that minimizes voltage interruption time, phase change, amplitude step, frequency jump, and switching impact during the switching process.

[0135] The principle of controlling the backup power supply signal to synchronize with the current main power supply signal in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude is that if the two AC power supply signals have large differences in phase, frequency or amplitude, an inrush current, voltage step or phase jump will be generated at the moment of switching. For sensitive loads, the switching disturbance will cause equipment reset or data abnormality. Before switching, the backup power supply signal is made to gradually track the main power supply signal to reduce the electrical discontinuity at the moment of switching.

[0136] The system acquires the real-time phase, frequency, and amplitude of the current main power supply signal, generates the target phase, target frequency, and target amplitude of the backup power supply signal, adjusts the backup power supply signal according to the preset tracking rate to gradually approach the current main power supply signal, and determines whether the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the two are all less than the synchronization threshold; if they are satisfied, the system enters the waiting-to-switch state.

[0137] Phase difference Δφ s Calculate Δφ using the following formula: s =|φ main -φ b |;wherein, φ main Indicates the phase of the main power supply signal, φb This indicates the phase of the backup power supply signal.

[0138] Frequency difference Δf s Calculate Δf using the following formula: s =|f main -f b |;where, f main f represents the main power supply signal frequency. backup This indicates the frequency of the backup power supply signal.

[0139] Amplitude difference ΔV s Calculate ΔV using the following formula: s =|V main -V b | / V r Among them, V main Indicates the amplitude of the main power supply signal voltage, V backup This indicates the amplitude of the backup power supply signal voltage, V. rated This indicates the rated voltage.

[0140] Synchronization condition set as: Δφ s Less than 0.5° to 10°, Δf s Less than 0.01Hz to 0.5Hz, ΔV s Less than 0.5% to 5%. For critical levels, Δφ is preferred. s Less than 2°, Δf s Less than 0.05Hz, ΔV s Less than 1%; for the normal level, the synchronization threshold should be appropriately relaxed.

[0141] When the main power supply is abnormal or the power quality exceeds the critical threshold, the power supply path is switched at the moment when the synchronization condition is met, reducing energy discontinuity at the moment of switching. It is confirmed that the backup power supply signal meets the phase, frequency, and amplitude synchronization conditions, and the status of the main power supply and power quality degradation indicators are continuously monitored. When the main power supply is abnormal or the degradation indicators exceed the critical threshold, the switching moment is selected from the voltage zero-crossing point, the point of minimum phase difference, or the point of minimum current surge. The switch from the main power supply to the backup power supply is completed, and the stability of the voltage on the sensitive load side is checked after the switch.

[0142] The low-disturbance switching time is in the microsecond to sub-millisecond range, and is also set to less than 10ms depending on the type of switching device and the field load; for highly sensitive loads, the preferred switching time is less than 1ms; the switching time is selected within ±500μs near the voltage zero crossing point, or at the time point with the smallest phase difference; the voltage recovery range after switching is set to 95% to 105% of the rated voltage, and the frequency recovery range is set to within ±0.5Hz of the rated frequency.

[0143] Traditional backup power switching carries risks of phase discontinuity, amplitude step, and minor power outages. By synchronizing phase, frequency, and amplitude in advance after meeting the early warning conditions, the backup power supply is ready to take over before the actual switching, thereby reducing the switching impact. Through pre-synchronization and low-disturbance switching mechanisms, the power distribution system is transformed from passive switching to active preparation and condition-triggered switching, improving the power supply continuity for sensitive loads.

[0144] Example 3:

[0145] like Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent power distribution automation embedded control device provided in this embodiment includes a front-end sampling module, an embedded control module, an adaptive compensation module, a power switching module, a communication interface module, and a safety bypass unit.

[0146] The front-end sampling module is used to establish the functional structure of the power supply quality perception foundation of the power distribution circuit. It converts electrical physical quantities such as voltage, current, phase, frequency, transient waveform and harmonics in the power distribution circuit into data that can be processed by the embedded control module. The front-end sampling module includes voltage sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, isolation protection circuit, anti-aliasing filter circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit and synchronous clock circuit.

[0147] The voltage sampling circuit employs a voltage transformer, isolation amplifier, voltage divider sampling circuit, or other circuits capable of converting high voltage into low voltage sampling signals; the current sampling circuit employs a current transformer, Hall current sensor, Rogowski coil, shunt, or other sampling structures capable of converting current signals into voltage signals or digital signals; the isolation protection circuit is used to improve the electrical safety between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage control side, preventing high-voltage surges, spikes, or fault currents from damaging the control circuit; the anti-aliasing filter circuit is used to suppress frequency components higher than half the sampling frequency before analog-to-digital conversion, reducing spectral aliasing; the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is used to convert analog voltage or current signals into digital sampling data; the synchronization clock circuit is used to ensure consistent sampling times among multiple sampling channels, improving the accuracy of phase calculation and synchronization switching judgment.

[0148] The front-end sampling module simultaneously collects electrical signals from the main power supply side, backup power supply side, common bus side, power load branch, sensitive load branch, and ordinary load branch. Through multi-point sampling, it determines the location of disturbances, the direction of disturbance propagation, and the level of residual disturbance on the sensitive load side. The steady-state sampling frequency of the front-end sampling module is set to 1kHz to 20kHz for calculating the RMS voltage, RMS current, power factor, frequency, phase, and low-order harmonics. The transient sampling frequency is set to 20kHz to 1MHz for capturing surge spikes, rapid voltage drops, phase jumps, and high-frequency ripple. The analog-to-digital conversion resolution is 12-bit, 16-bit, 18-bit, or 24-bit. For scenarios requiring precise phase difference identification, the multi-channel synchronization error is preferably less than 10 microseconds; for scenarios requiring microsecond-level or sub-millisecond switching, the multi-channel synchronization error is preferably less than 1 microsecond.

[0149] The embedded control module is used to complete power quality data processing, load feature fingerprint generation, load type identification, power sensitivity level judgment, control strategy generation, power quality degradation calculation, and power switching control.

[0150] Furthermore, the embedded control module includes a first computing core and a second computing core; the first computing core is used to perform power quality data preprocessing, load feature fingerprint generation, load type identification, power sensitivity level judgment, and power quality degradation index calculation; the second computing core is used to perform filter compensation control, impedance matching control, backup power supply synchronization control, and power switching trigger control; the first computing core and the second computing core transmit control parameters and status parameters through a shared memory area, on-chip bus, high-speed serial interface, or message queue.

[0151] Load identification and degradation judgment are data analysis and decision-making tasks that require calculation of data from multiple time windows; while compensation control and switching triggering are real-time control tasks with high requirements for response time. By dividing the work between the first and second computing cores, the analysis and decision-making tasks and the real-time control tasks are isolated from each other, thereby improving system stability and response speed.

[0152] The first computing core performs noise reduction, calibration, missing value processing, and normalization on the sampled data output by the front-end sampling module. It calculates time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and transient features to form a standardized electrical feature set. Based on the standardized electrical feature set, it generates a load feature fingerprint and matches it with the load fingerprint database to determine the load type and load percentage. Then, based on the load type, load percentage, power supply quality status, operating stage, and historical risks, it determines the power supply sensitivity level. Based on the voltage drop slope, frequency offset rate, phase offset, harmonic increment, and transient impulse repetition frequency, it calculates the power supply quality degradation index and determines whether the early warning conditions are met.

[0153] The second computing core determines the compensation parameters, impedance matching parameters, and switching warning parameters. When a transient disturbance is detected, it controls the adaptive compensation module to perform compensation based on the disturbance amplitude, phase, duration, and propagation trend. When the first computing core outputs a warning status, it controls the power switching module to start backup power supply synchronization and determines whether the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the backup power supply and the main power supply meet the synchronization conditions. When the main power supply is abnormal or the power supply quality exceeds the critical threshold, it controls the power switching module to perform low-disturbance switching.

[0154] The embedded control module employs a microcontroller, digital signal processor, field-programmable gate array, embedded processor, system-on-a-chip, or a combination of the above devices. For scenarios with high real-time requirements, a combination of DSP and FPGA is used, where the DSP performs feature calculations and control decisions, and the FPGA performs high-speed sampling synchronization, pulse triggering, and switching timing control. For cost-sensitive scenarios, a microcontroller with a high-speed ADC interface and PWM output interface is used. The embedded control module integrates load identification, sensitivity level judgment, compensation control, and switching control at the edge, reducing reliance on remote platforms or manual intervention and improving the real-time performance and autonomy of power distribution control.

[0155] The adaptive compensation module is used to adjust the power supply quality of the power distribution circuit according to the filtering compensation strategy, impedance matching strategy or transient disturbance suppression strategy generated by the embedded control module. The adaptive compensation module includes at least one of the following: controllable inductor compensation branch, controllable capacitor compensation branch, active filter branch, damping branch, surge suppression branch and harmonic compensation branch.

[0156] Specifically, controllable inductor compensation branches are used to change the equivalent inductive reactance of the distribution circuit at a specific frequency to suppress current surges or disturbances in specific frequency bands; controllable capacitor compensation branches are used to provide reactive power compensation, filter bypass, or voltage support; damping branches are used to suppress local resonance and overcompensated oscillations. Active filter branches are used to generate reverse compensation current based on the detected harmonic amplitude and phase; surge suppression branches are used to suppress short-time spikes, surges, or impulse voltages; harmonic compensation branches are used to reduce the residual content of specific frequency harmonics on the sensitive load side.

[0157] The adaptive compensation module receives the control strategy output by the embedded control module. This strategy includes at least one of the following: target harmonic frequency band, compensation current amplitude, compensation phase angle, compensation duration, target equivalent impedance, and compensation priority. Based on the control strategy, the module selects the appropriate compensation branch. When the main disturbance is a harmonic surge, the active filter branch or harmonic compensation branch is prioritized. When the main disturbance is a surge spike, the surge suppression branch is prioritized. When the main disturbance is related to loop coupling or resonance, the controllable inductor compensation branch, controllable capacitor compensation branch, or damping branch is prioritized. The compensation intensity is adjusted according to the current power supply sensitivity level. A lower compensation intensity is used at the normal level to avoid increased energy consumption and overcompensation. A higher compensation intensity and shorter response time are used at the precision or critical levels to reduce residual disturbances on the sensitive load side. After compensation is executed, the front-end sampling module continues to collect power supply quality data on the sensitive load side, and the embedded control module judges the compensation effect.

[0158] The adaptive compensation module dynamically adjusts the compensation path and compensation intensity based on load characteristics, disturbance status, and power supply sensitivity level. This reduces disturbances while minimizing overcompensation and ineffective compensation, thereby improving the power supply quality management effect in mixed load distribution environments.

[0159] The power switching module is used to achieve low-disturbance switching between the main power supply and the backup power supply when the power quality deteriorates or the main power supply is abnormal. Before switching, the phase, frequency and amplitude of the main power supply and the backup power supply are synchronized to reduce the impact at the moment of switching.

[0160] The power switching module includes a phase detection unit, a synchronization control unit, and a power electronic switching unit. The phase detection unit is used to detect the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the main power supply and the backup power supply. The synchronization control unit is used to control the backup power supply to synchronize its phase, frequency, and amplitude. The power electronic switching unit is used to perform microsecond-level to sub-millisecond-level switching when the synchronization conditions are met.

[0161] Specifically, the phase detection unit acquires voltage sampling signals from the main power supply side and the backup power supply side respectively, and obtains the main power supply phase and the backup power supply phase through phase-locked loop, zero-crossing detection, quadrature demodulation or other phase calculation methods; the synchronization control unit adjusts the backup power supply output according to the phase difference, frequency difference and amplitude difference, so that the backup power supply gradually tracks the main power supply; the power electronic switching unit is composed of solid-state relays, thyristors, IGBTs, MOSFETs, SiC devices, GaN devices or other power electronic switching devices.

[0162] When the embedded control module determines that the power quality degradation index has reached the warning condition, the power switching module enters the pre-synchronization state. The phase detection unit detects the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the main power supply and the backup power supply in real time. The synchronization control unit adjusts the output of the backup power supply to gradually reduce the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference. When the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference are all less than the corresponding synchronization threshold, the power switching module enters the waiting-to-switch state. When the main power supply is abnormal or the power quality exceeds the critical threshold, the power electronic switching unit performs low-disturbance switching at the voltage zero crossing point, the point of minimum phase difference, or the point of minimum inrush current.

[0163] In one embodiment, the phase synchronization threshold is 0.5° to 10°, the frequency synchronization threshold is 0.01Hz to 0.5Hz, and the amplitude synchronization threshold is 0.5% to 5% of the rated voltage. For critical or precision levels, the phase synchronization threshold is preferably 0.5° to 2°, the frequency synchronization threshold is preferably 0.01Hz to 0.05Hz, and the amplitude synchronization threshold is preferably 0.5% to 1%. The switching time is in the microsecond to sub-millisecond range. In ordinary scenarios with low continuity requirements, it is also set to less than 10 milliseconds.

[0164] The power switching module triggers backup power pre-synchronization through power quality degradation warning, so that the backup power supply is ready to take over before the main power supply is truly abnormal, avoiding the start-up delay, phase discontinuity and amplitude step caused by traditional fault switching.

[0165] The communication interface module is used to enable data interaction between the embedded control device and external devices, power distribution monitoring platforms, energy management platforms, host computers, electrical equipment, or other control nodes. The communication interface module includes at least one of wired and wireless communication interfaces. Wired communication interfaces include RS485, CAN, Ethernet, Modbus, PROFIBUS, EtherCAT, or other industrial communication interfaces; wireless communication interfaces include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, LoRa, cellular communication, or other wireless communication methods.

[0166] When the communication interface module receives the operating status of the electrical equipment, the embedded control module adjusts the power supply sensitivity level according to the operating status. When the equipment is in standby mode, the power supply sensitivity level is reduced; when the equipment is in startup, testing, sampling, metering, data writing, critical control, or alarm states, the power supply sensitivity level is increased. This links power distribution control with the actual operating stage of the load, rather than passively judging based solely on electrical signals. The communication interface module enables the embedded control device to link with the operating status of the electrical equipment and the upper-level monitoring system, improving the accuracy of sensitivity level judgment and providing maintenance personnel with visualized information on power quality status and compensation switching processes.

[0167] The safety bypass unit is used to maintain the basic power supply and basic protection capabilities of the power distribution system under abnormal conditions, and to avoid the risk of power interruption or uncontrollability caused by abnormalities in the intelligent control part. The safety bypass unit includes at least one of the following: bypass switch, basic protection circuit, mechanical bypass contact, manual switching mechanism, overcurrent protection element, overvoltage protection element, undervoltage protection element, and fault alarm output interface.

[0168] The safety bypass unit is triggered under the following conditions:

[0169] The front-end sampling module outputs abnormalities, such as missing sampling data, saturated sampling channels, sampling values ​​exceeding the physical reasonable range, or multi-channel synchronization failure.

[0170] The embedded control module malfunctions, such as computation timeout, watchdog reset, storage verification failure, or abnormal control strategy.

[0171] An adaptive compensation module malfunctions, such as overcurrent or overtemperature in the compensation branch, switching device failure, or increased oscillation after compensation.

[0172] The power switching module is malfunctioning, for example, the backup power supply is not in use, synchronization fails, the switch fails to operate, or the voltage is unstable after switching.

[0173] The communication interface module is malfunctioning, such as communication interruption, remote command verification failure, or parameter configuration error.

[0174] Specifically, when the safety bypass unit is triggered, the embedded control module stops active compensation or limits the compensation amplitude, the power switching module stops unnecessary switching actions, the power distribution circuit maintains the basic power supply path, and outputs a fault alarm; for scenarios that require manual confirmation, the safety bypass unit remains in manual bypass mode, waiting for maintenance personnel to handle it.

[0175] After the system is powered on, the front-end sampling module begins to collect power quality data from the main power supply side, the backup power supply side, the common bus side, and key branch circuits. The embedded control module calibrates, denoises, and normalizes the sampled data to obtain a standardized electrical feature set. The embedded control module generates a load feature fingerprint based on the standardized electrical feature set and matches the load feature fingerprint with the load fingerprint database. When it is identified that power loads and precision loads are running together in the current circuit, the embedded control module calculates the load ratio of the two and determines the power supply sensitivity level based on the precision load ratio, the current harmonic content, and the transient disturbance frequency.

[0176] When a power load starts and generates an inrush current, the front-end sampling module captures the current rise slope and voltage sag. The embedded control module determines whether the disturbance can affect the sensitive load branch based on the disturbance amplitude, phase, and propagation trend, and then generates a compensation control quantity. The adaptive compensation module activates the active filter branch and surge suppression branch based on this compensation control quantity to suppress the disturbance.

[0177] During system operation, if the embedded control module detects an increase in voltage drop slope, frequency offset, phase jitter, or a sudden increase in harmonic content, it calculates the power quality degradation index. When the degradation index reaches the warning threshold corresponding to the current power sensitivity level, the power switching module initiates backup power supply pre-synchronization to ensure that the backup power supply and the main power supply are consistent in phase, frequency, and amplitude.

[0178] When the main power supply deteriorates further and exceeds the critical threshold, the power switching module performs low-disturbance switching when the synchronization conditions are met. After the switching is completed, the front-end sampling module continues to collect the voltage and current on the sensitive load side, the embedded control module determines whether the power supply quality is stable after the switching, and outputs the switching event record and power supply quality status through the communication interface module.

[0179] Example 4:

[0180] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an electronic device that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention is shown. The electronic device 10 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0181] like Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor 11, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor 11 to enable the at least one processor 11 to perform the method provided by the present invention.

[0182] The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the random access memory (RAM) 13. The random access memory 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, the read-only memory 12, and the random access memory 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. The input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0183] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0184] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the adaptive zoom low-altitude target image tracking method.

[0185] In some embodiments, the adaptive zoom low-altitude target image tracking method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via read-only memory 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into random access memory 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the adaptive zoom low-altitude target image tracking method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to perform the adaptive zoom low-altitude target image tracking method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0186] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard parts (ASSPs), systems-on-chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0187] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0188] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the adaptive zoom low-altitude target image tracking method provided by this invention. The computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0189] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device for displaying information to the user, such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) or a liquid crystal display (LCD); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0190] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0191] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system. It addresses the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and Virtual Private Server (VPS) services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0192] Based on the preferred embodiments of the present invention described above, and through the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent power distribution automation control, characterized in that, include: S1: Collect power supply quality data from the power distribution circuit; S2: Perform multi-dimensional feature analysis on the power supply quality data to obtain a standardized electrical feature set, and generate a load feature fingerprint based on the standardized electrical feature set to determine the load type and load percentage; S3: Determine the power supply sensitivity level based on the load type, load percentage, power supply quality status, and preset sensitivity rules; S4: Based on the power supply sensitivity level and the real-time disturbance state determined by the power supply quality data, generate at least one control strategy among filter compensation, impedance matching, or switching warning; S5: When a transient disturbance is detected, a compensation control quantity for suppressing the transient disturbance is generated based on the characteristics of the transient disturbance; S6: Calculate the power quality degradation index to characterize the trend of power quality degradation based on the characteristics of power quality changes, and determine whether the early warning conditions are met. S7: When the early warning conditions are met, control the backup power supply signal to synchronize with the current main power supply signal in terms of phase, frequency and amplitude, and perform low-disturbance switching when the main power supply is abnormal or the power supply quality exceeds the critical threshold.

2. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load characteristic fingerprint includes at least two of the following: fundamental current amplitude, peak value of starting inrush current, harmonic spectrum distribution, total harmonic distortion rate, power factor change rate, phase offset, current rise slope, transient duration, spectral energy distribution, or waveform distortion characteristic entropy.

3. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the load type includes at least two of the following: power load, precision load, environmental regulation load, nonlinear electronic load, and conventional electrical load.

4. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load types include sensitive loads, which include at least precision loads and critical loads; wherein, the critical loads refer to loads that would result in personal safety risks, major equipment damage, production process interruption or serious economic losses due to power outages.

5. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power supply sensitivity levels include at least the normal level, the stability level, the precision level, and the critical level; When an increase in the proportion of sensitive loads, an increase in the frequency of transient disturbances, an increase in harmonic content, an increase in the amplitude of voltage fluctuations, or when critical loads are in operation are detected, the power supply sensitivity level is increased. When a sensitive load is detected to be in standby mode, the frequency of disturbances decreases, or the power supply quality remains stable for a preset time, the power supply sensitivity level is reduced.

6. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustments performed according to the control strategy include: adjusting the compensation current amplitude of the active filter; adjusting the compensation current phase angle; adjusting the connection ratio of the controllable inductor compensation branch; adjusting the connection ratio of the controllable capacitor compensation branch; adjusting the equivalent impedance of the damping branch; adjusting the harmonic suppression target frequency band; adjusting the transient surge suppression response time; and adjusting the compensation priority between different branch circuits.

7. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the trend of power quality degradation is characterized by power quality degradation indicators; The power quality degradation index is calculated by weighting at least two of the following: the rate of decrease in effective voltage value, the rate of frequency offset, the rate of phase offset, the rate of increase in total harmonic distortion, the transient impulse repetition frequency, and the voltage sag depth and duration.

8. The intelligent power distribution automation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Phase, frequency, and amplitude synchronization in step S7 includes: Obtain the real-time voltage phase, frequency, and amplitude of the current main power supply signal; Control the backup power supply or inverter power supply module used to generate the backup power supply signal to generate an output voltage that matches the current main power supply signal; When the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the current main power supply signal and the backup power supply signal are all less than the corresponding preset threshold, the power electronic switch is allowed to perform switching.

9. An intelligent power distribution automation embedded control device, used to implement the control method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: include: The front-end sampling module is used to collect at least one of the following data from the power distribution circuit: voltage, current, frequency, phase, transient waveform, voltage distortion rate, current distortion rate, and harmonic data. An embedded control module, connected to the front-end sampling module, is used to generate load feature fingerprints based on the collected data, identify the load type in the current power distribution circuit, and determine the power supply sensitivity level. An adaptive compensation module, connected to the embedded control module, is used to dynamically adjust the filtering parameters, compensation parameters, or impedance matching parameters according to the load type and power supply sensitivity level. A power switching module, connected to the embedded control module, is used to perform low-disturbance switching between the main power supply and the backup power supply when the power quality deteriorates or the main power supply is abnormal. The communication interface module is used to interact with electrical equipment, power distribution monitoring platforms, or energy management platforms.

10. The intelligent power distribution automation embedded control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The embedded control module includes a first computing core and a second computing core; The first computing core is used to perform load feature fingerprint recognition, power supply sensitivity level judgment, and power supply quality degradation trend calculation; The second computing core is used to perform adaptive compensation control, backup power phase tracking control, and power electronic switch triggering control; The adaptive compensation module includes at least one of the following: a controllable inductor compensation branch, a controllable capacitor compensation branch, an active filter branch, a damping branch, a surge suppression branch, or a harmonic compensation branch. The power switching module includes a phase detection unit, a synchronization control unit, and a power electronic switching unit. The phase detection unit is used to detect the phase difference, frequency difference, and amplitude difference between the main power supply and the backup power supply. The synchronization control unit is used to control the backup power supply or inverter power supply module to synchronize the phase, frequency, and amplitude. The power electronic switching unit is used to perform microsecond-level to sub-millisecond-level switching when the synchronization conditions are met.

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