Coaxial hierarchical active and passive cooperative atmospheric water collection and temperature difference power generation device

Abstract

The application discloses a coaxial hierarchical active and passive cooperative atmospheric water collection and temperature difference power generation device, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric water collection and temperature difference power generation. The device comprises a coaxial hierarchical main body, a bottom airflow management unit and a top condensation and moisture management unit. The coaxial hierarchical main body comprises, from outside to inside, a light-transmitting outer cover, a porous adsorption bed, a TEG annular array and a central cavity. A heat conduction layer is arranged between the hot side of the TEG annular array and the porous adsorption bed, and the cold side is attached to the outer wall of the central cavity. The upper end of the central cavity is communicated with a condensation cavity. The outer wall of the condensation cavity is provided with a passive heat dissipation structure, and the inner portion is provided with a moisture transmission member for guiding condensed water to the inner wall of the central cavity. The application integrates adsorption water collection and temperature difference power generation, uses adsorption heat release to provide a hot side for TEG and evaporation cooling to provide a cold side, realizes cooperative operation of water collection and power generation, and is suitable for supplementary irrigation of greenhouse crops and power supply of low-power-consumption sensors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation technology, specifically to a coaxial, multi-level active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Facility agriculture (such as greenhouses) is of great significance in arid and semi-arid regions. These regions suffer from a scarcity of freshwater resources, and greenhouse irrigation often relies on deep groundwater or long-distance water transfers, which is costly and unsustainable. Meanwhile, greenhouses often require the deployment of environmental sensors for temperature, humidity, light, and soil moisture to achieve precise management. However, in remote areas far from power grids, powering these sensors requires laying cables or frequent battery replacements, which is costly and inconvenient.

[0003] Due to crop transpiration, the relative humidity inside a greenhouse is typically higher than outdoors, maintaining a range of 60%–90% RH, providing favorable conditions for collecting moisture from the air. Existing atmospheric water harvesting technologies are mainly divided into two categories: one is condensation-based water harvesting, which cools the air below its dew point to condense water vapor; this method is energy-intensive. The other is adsorption-based water harvesting, which uses hygroscopic materials to capture water vapor and then collects it through desorption by heating; this method is more efficient under high humidity conditions.

[0004] However, the adsorption heat released during the adsorption process of existing adsorption-type atmospheric water collection devices is directly dissipated into the environment without being recovered and utilized; the desorption stage relies on external power for heating, which increases operating costs; and the water collection and power supply functions are independent of each other and fail to form a synergistic effect.

[0005] Therefore, it is of practical significance to develop a compact atmospheric water collection and power generation synergy device that can provide a stable temperature difference for thermoelectric power generation throughout the entire adsorption and desorption cycle and is suitable for greenhouse scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A coaxial-level active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device includes: a coaxial-level main body, a bottom airflow management unit, and a top condensation and moisture management unit; The coaxial hierarchical main body is a vertical cylindrical structure, consisting of a light-transmitting outer cover, a porous adsorption bed, a TEG annular array, and a central cavity, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The light-transmitting outer cover is made of light-transmitting material. The porous adsorption bed is an annular structure filled with a composite moisture-absorbing material. The TEG annular array is composed of multiple thermoelectric generators arranged circumferentially, with its hot side facing the porous adsorption bed and its cold side facing the center. The central cavity is an airflow channel with a heat-conducting inner wall and a guide groove and guide pipe at the bottom for collecting and draining condensate. The bottom airflow management unit is located at the bottom of the device and includes a fan for driving airflow. The top condensation and moisture management unit is located at the top of the device and includes a condensation chamber, a heat-insulating baffle, and a moisture transfer component. The outer wall of the condensation chamber is provided with a passive heat dissipation structure. The heat-insulating baffle is located between the condensation chamber and the porous adsorption bed, and the heat-insulating baffle has through holes for gas to pass through. The moisture transfer component is made of a hydrophilic porous material, with one end extending into the bottom of the condensation chamber and the other end extending to the inner wall of the central cavity and extending downward along the inner wall. A thermally conductive layer is provided between the hot side of the TEG annular array and the inner annular surface of the porous adsorption bed, and the cold side is attached to the outer wall of the central cavity; the upper opening of the central cavity communicates with the internal space of the condensation chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the bottom airflow management unit also includes a flow divider plate, which is disposed above the fan. The flow divider plate has through holes for dividing the airflow into an external airflow that flows through the porous adsorption bed and an internal airflow that enters the central cavity. The through holes on the flow divider plate are distributed in a concentric ring shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the hygroscopic material of the porous adsorption bed is a composite adsorption material, with a porous carrier as the framework, loaded with hygroscopic salts, and composited with photothermal conversion materials; the porous carrier is selected from one or more of activated carbon fiber, foamed metal, and biomass aerogel; the hygroscopic salt is selected from one or more of calcium chloride and lithium chloride; and the photothermal conversion material is selected from one or more of carbon black, graphene, and reduced graphene oxide.

[0009] Furthermore, the porous carrier is cellulose nanofibers or lignin sulfonate modified by alkali treatment, the hygroscopic salt is lithium chloride, and the photothermal conversion material is reduced graphene oxide.

[0010] Furthermore, the passive heat dissipation structure of the outer wall of the condensation cavity is a radiation cooling coating or metal heat dissipation fins.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an electrothermal element disposed inside the porous adsorption bed for heating and desorbing the porous adsorption bed.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a control unit and a humidity sensor, the humidity sensor being disposed at the airflow outlet of the porous adsorption bed; the control unit receives the signal from the humidity sensor and controls the fan speed according to a preset threshold; it also includes an energy storage unit for storing the electrical energy generated by the TEG and powering the control unit and the humidity sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the moisture transfer component consists of multiple glass fiber bundles evenly arranged circumferentially, with their upper ends extending into the bottom of the condensation chamber and their lower ends extending downward along the inner wall of the central cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the condensation chamber is composed of a conical top and a hollow cylinder, and an exhaust hole is provided on the upper side wall of the hollow cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, the device is equipped with a water collection tank at the bottom, which is connected to a guide pipe for storing the collected condensate.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention integrates water adsorption and thermoelectric power generation into a single coaxial hierarchical structure. Utilizing the heat released during the adsorption process as the heat source for the TEG (thermal energy generator), it generates electricity without external heating, reducing the system's dependence on external energy. During the desorption stage, condensate evaporates and cools the TEG on the inner wall of the central cavity, achieving synergistic operation of "water production and power generation simultaneously," thus improving energy efficiency. The coaxial hierarchical structure clearly separates the hot and cold sides of the device, shortens the heat transfer path, facilitates temperature difference maintenance, and results in a compact structure with a small footprint, allowing for flexible deployment in unused areas within greenhouses. Although the power generated by the TEG is limited, it is sufficient to drive ultra-low-power devices such as the control unit and humidity sensor, enabling self-sensing operation and reducing the frequency of external battery replacements. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the coaxial hierarchical main body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Another structural diagram from a different angle; Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; The components include: 1. Coaxial hierarchical main body; 11. Central cavity; 111. Guide channel; 112. Guide pipe; 12. TEG ring array; 13. Heating element; 14. Porous adsorption bed; 15. Light-transmitting cover; 2. Bottom airflow management unit; 21. Fan; 22. Diverter plate; 3. Top condensation and moisture management unit; 31. Condensation chamber; 311. Metal heat dissipation fins; 32. Heat-insulating partition; 33. Moisture transfer component; 4. Humidity sensor; 5. Control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coaxial, multi-level, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device to solve the technical problems of existing adsorption-type water collection devices, such as the inability to recover and utilize adsorption heat, reliance on external power sources for desorption, separation of water collection and power generation functions, and loose device structure that is inconvenient to deploy. This invention achieves the integrated structure of adsorption water collection and thermoelectric power generation, in-situ recovery of adsorption heat for power generation, self-maintained temperature difference through evaporative cooling during the desorption stage, coordinated operation throughout the entire cycle, and significantly improved energy utilization efficiency and device compactness.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a coaxial-level active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device, including a coaxial-level main body 1, a bottom airflow management unit 2, and a top condensation and moisture management unit 3.

[0023] The coaxial hierarchical main body 1 is a vertical cylindrical structure, consisting of a light-transmitting outer cover 15, a porous adsorption bed 14, a TEG ring array 12, and a central cavity 11, from the outside to the inside.

[0024] The light-transmitting outer cover 15 is made of a high-transmittance material, such as glass, whose spectral transmission range covers the visible to near-infrared bands. The light-transmitting outer cover 15 is fitted over the porous adsorption bed 14 to transmit sunlight to drive photothermal conversion heating, while blocking external dust and protecting the internal adsorption material.

[0025] The porous adsorption bed 14 has a ring-shaped structure and is filled with a composite moisture-absorbing material. For example... Figure 2As shown, the height of the porous adsorption bed 14 is the same as that of the TEG annular array 12. The porous adsorption bed 14 is used to adsorb water vapor in the air and release the adsorbed water vapor when heated.

[0026] The TEG ring array 12 consists of multiple thermoelectric generators arranged circumferentially, with their hot sides facing the porous adsorption bed 14 and their cold sides facing the center. The thermoelectric generators are commercially available bismuth telluride semiconductor thermoelectric generators, such as the TEC1-12706 model. The generators are electrically connected in series, and their outputs are connected to the energy storage unit via a power management module.

[0027] The central cavity 11 is a cylindrical airflow channel with a heat-conducting inner wall made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy. A guide groove 111 and a guide pipe 112 are located at the bottom of the central cavity 11. The guide groove 111 is an annular groove located at the bottom of the central cavity 11. A through hole is formed at the lowest point of the guide groove 111, and the guide pipe 112 is connected to this through hole and extends downwards to collect and drain condensate.

[0028] A thermally conductive layer, such as a thermally conductive silicone pad or thermally conductive grease, is provided between the hot side of the TEG ring array 12 and the inner ring surface of the porous adsorption bed 14. This thermally conductive layer fills the contact gap to reduce contact thermal resistance and ensures efficient heat transfer between the adsorption bed and the hot side of the TEG. The cold side of the TEG ring array 12 is attached to the outer wall of the central cavity.

[0029] The upper opening of the central cavity 11 is connected to the internal space of the condensation cavity 31, so that the water vapor generated in the desorption stage can rise from the porous adsorption bed 14 into the condensation cavity 31.

[0030] The bottom airflow management unit 2 is located at the bottom of the device and includes a fan 21. The fan 21 is an axial fan, installed in the center of the bottom of the device, and is used to drive airflow. The fan 21 can be powered by an external small solar panel or mains power.

[0031] The top condensation and moisture management unit 3 is located on the top of the device and includes a condensation chamber 31, a heat-insulating baffle 32, and a moisture transfer component 33.

[0032] The outer wall of the condensation chamber 31 is equipped with a passive heat dissipation structure. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the condensation chamber 31 consists of a conical top and a hollow cylinder. The outer wall is provided with annular aluminum or stainless steel heat dissipation fins 311 to enhance heat dissipation and keep the inner wall of the condensation chamber 31 at a low temperature.

[0033] A heat-insulating baffle 32 is disposed between the condensation chamber 31 and the porous adsorption bed 14, and the heat-insulating baffle 32 has through holes for gas to pass through. The heat-insulating baffle 32 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, polyetheretherketone, or ceramic, and is used to conduct water vapor generated during the desorption stage, while blocking heat transfer from the condensation chamber 31 to the porous adsorption bed 14.

[0034] The moisture transfer element 33 is made of a hydrophilic porous material, with one end extending into the bottom of the condensation chamber 31 and the other end extending to the inner wall of the central cavity 11 and downward along the inner wall. The moisture transfer element 33 uses capillary action to guide the condensed water at the bottom of the condensation chamber 31 to the inner wall of the central cavity 11.

[0035] The device operates in both adsorption and desorption modes. In adsorption mode, fan 21 is activated, and airflow passes through the porous adsorption bed 14. The adsorption bed captures water vapor and releases adsorption heat, which is transferred to the hot side of the TEG annular array 12 via a heat-conducting layer. Simultaneously, airflow enters the central cavity 11, carrying away heat from the cold side of the TEG as it flows through the inner wall of the central cavity 11. The TEG annular array 12 generates electricity due to the temperature difference between the hot and cold sides, and the air is discharged through the annular gap between the top of the transparent outer cover 15 and the condensation chamber 31. In desorption mode, the porous adsorption bed 14 is heated and releases water vapor. The water vapor rises into the condensation chamber 31 and condenses into liquid water on its inner wall. The condensate is guided by the water transfer device 33 to the inner wall of the central cavity 11 to form a liquid film. The fan 21 operates at low speed (at the speed of the fan 21 in the desorption stage, the airflow is only used to promote evaporative cooling and will not blow off the liquid film), and sends air into the central cavity 11. The air flows over the surface of the liquid film and carries away the latent heat of evaporation, which lowers the temperature of the inner wall of the central cavity 11 and provides cooling for the cold side of the TEG. The heat from heating the porous adsorption bed 14 is transferred to the hot side of the TEG annular array 12 through the heat-conducting layer. The condensate flows along the inner wall of the central cavity 11 to the guide groove 111 and is discharged through the guide pipe 112.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, as an implementable example, the bottom airflow management unit 2 also includes a flow divider 22. The flow divider 22 is disposed above the fan 21 and is a disc-shaped metal plate. The flow divider 22 has through holes distributed in a concentric ring shape to divide the airflow generated by the fan 21 into two paths: the outer path airflow flows upward through the porous adsorption bed 14, and the inner path airflow flows upward into the central cavity 11.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, as an implementable example, the hygroscopic material of the porous adsorption bed 14 is a composite adsorption material. This material uses a porous support as a framework, loads hygroscopic salts, and is composited with photothermal conversion materials.

[0038] The porous carrier is selected from one or more of activated carbon fiber, metal foam, and biomass aerogel. The hygroscopic salt is selected from one or more of calcium chloride and lithium chloride. The photothermal conversion material is selected from one or more of carbon black and graphene. In this embodiment, the porous adsorption bed 14 uses cellulose nanofibers or lignin sulfonate modified by alkali treatment as a hydrophilic framework matrix, loaded with lithium chloride hygroscopic salt, and composited with reduced graphene oxide as a photothermal conversion medium. Both cellulose nanofibers and lignin sulfonate are biomass-derived materials, and their molecular chains contain hydroxyl, carboxyl, and sulfonic acid groups, which can serve as hydrogen bond anchoring sites for water molecules, enhancing the material's affinity for water vapor. Lithium chloride has excellent hygroscopic properties and can quickly capture water vapor in the air. Reduced graphene oxide has broad-spectrum absorption characteristics and a high intrinsic thermal conductivity, which can efficiently absorb sunlight and convert it into heat energy, while improving the overall thermal conductivity of the material. All of the above materials are commercially available. Furthermore, it is a well-known structure of composite adsorption materials in the field of atmospheric water collection (a ternary composite of carrier + hygroscopic salt + photothermal material), and those skilled in the art can determine the ratio and amount of the above materials through conventional experiments.

[0039] As an example of implementation, the passive heat dissipation structure of the outer wall of the condensation cavity 31 is a radiative cooling coating or metal heat dissipation fins 311. In this embodiment, the condensation cavity 31 is made of aluminum, and the outer wall is provided with both a radiative cooling coating and annular aluminum metal heat dissipation fins 311. The radiative cooling coating is a prior art technology, which has high reflectivity in the solar radiation band and high emissivity in the atmospheric window band, and emits heat into outer space in the form of infrared radiation, keeping the surface temperature lower than the ambient temperature. The metal heat dissipation fins 311 increase the heat exchange area with the surrounding air, further enhancing heat dissipation. The combined effect of the two keeps the inner wall temperature of the condensation cavity 31 lower than the ambient temperature, ensuring that the high-temperature water vapor entering the condensation cavity 31 can condense efficiently on the low-temperature wall surface.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, as an implementable example, the device also includes an electric heating element 13 disposed inside the porous adsorption bed 14. The electric heating element 13 is a PI (polyimide) heating film, attached between the inner annular surface of the porous adsorption bed 14 and the thermally conductive silicone pad. The electric heating element 13 is used to heat and desorb the porous adsorption bed 14 under conditions of no light, such as at night or on cloudy days, and can be powered by a solar energy storage device. During the day when there is sufficient sunlight, solar radiation is preferentially used to irradiate the porous adsorption bed 14 through the light-transmitting outer cover 15 for photothermal desorption, with the electric heating element 13 serving as an auxiliary or backup heat source.

[0041] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, as an implementable example, the device also includes a control unit 5 and a humidity sensor 4. The humidity sensor 4 is located at the airflow outlet of the porous adsorption bed 14 and is used to monitor the humidity of the air flowing through the adsorption bed in real time. The control unit 5 is a microcontroller that receives the signal from the humidity sensor 4 and controls the speed of the fan 21 according to a preset threshold.

[0042] Specifically, during the adsorption stage, humidity sensor 4 monitors the humidity of the outlet air. When the humidity rises to 1.8 to 2.0 times the initial value, it indicates that the adsorption bed is approaching saturation, and control unit 5 switches the device to desorption mode. During the desorption stage, when the humidity drops to 30% to 40% of the initial desorption value, it indicates that desorption is nearing completion, and control unit 5 switches the device back to adsorption mode.

[0043] It also includes a light sensor, which generates an electrical signal based on the lighting conditions and sends it to the control unit 5, thereby enabling the control unit 5 to control the start and stop of the heating element 13 according to the lighting conditions.

[0044] The device also includes an energy storage unit, such as a supercapacitor or a small lithium battery, to store the electrical energy generated by the TEG and to power the control unit 5 and the humidity sensor 4. The electrical energy generated by the TEG is processed by a boost regulator circuit and then stored in the energy storage unit.

[0045] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, as an implementable example, the moisture transfer element 33 consists of multiple bundles of glass fibers evenly arranged circumferentially. The glass fiber bundles are evenly distributed circumferentially along the condensation chamber 31 and the central cavity 11. The upper end of each glass fiber bundle extends into the bottom of the condensation chamber 31, and the lower end extends downward along the inner wall of the central cavity 11. The glass fiber bundles have excellent capillary absorption capacity, enabling them to continuously absorb and transport the condensate collected at the bottom of the condensation chamber 31 to the inner wall of the central cavity 11, forming a uniform falling film on the wall surface.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, as an implementable example, the condensation chamber 31 consists of a conical top and a hollow cylinder. The conical surface of the top increases the condensation area, allowing condensed water droplets to slide down the conical surface under gravity and collect at the bottom of the hollow cylinder. Vent holes are provided on the upper sidewalls of the hollow cylinder. During the desorption stage, high-temperature water vapor released from the porous adsorption bed 14 rises through the through-holes in the heat-insulating partition 32 and enters the condensation chamber 31. After condensation on the conical top and the inner wall of the hollow cylinder, the remaining gas is discharged through the vent holes to maintain the internal pressure balance of the condensation chamber 31, ensuring that subsequent water vapor can continue to rise and enter the condensation chamber 31.

[0047] As an example of implementation, the device includes a water collection tank at the bottom, connected to the guide pipe 112. The water collection tank is used to store the collected condensate. The water collection tank can be made of transparent material for easy observation of the water level, or it can have a built-in level sensor for water level monitoring. The collected condensate can be used for supplemental irrigation of greenhouse crops or for water supply to seedling trays during the seedling stage.

[0048] The structures, connections, or operation methods not described in detail in this invention can be superimposed on each other without interference, and these adaptive changes all fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0049] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0050] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device, characterized in that, include: Coaxial hierarchical main body, bottom airflow management unit and top condensation and moisture management unit; The coaxial hierarchical main body is a vertical cylindrical structure, consisting of a light-transmitting outer cover, a porous adsorption bed, a TEG annular array, and a central cavity, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The light-transmitting outer cover is made of light-transmitting material. The porous adsorption bed is an annular structure filled with a composite moisture-absorbing material. The TEG annular array is composed of multiple thermoelectric generators arranged circumferentially, with its hot side facing the porous adsorption bed and its cold side facing the center. The central cavity is an airflow channel with a heat-conducting inner wall and a guide groove and guide pipe at the bottom for collecting and draining condensate. The bottom airflow management unit is located at the bottom of the device and includes a fan for driving airflow. The top condensation and moisture management unit is located at the top of the device and includes a condensation chamber, a heat-insulating baffle, and a moisture transfer component. The outer wall of the condensation chamber is provided with a passive heat dissipation structure. The heat-insulating baffle is located between the condensation chamber and the porous adsorption bed, and the heat-insulating baffle has through holes for gas to pass through. The moisture transfer component is made of a hydrophilic porous material, with one end extending into the bottom of the condensation chamber and the other end extending to the inner wall of the central cavity and extending downward along the inner wall. A thermally conductive layer is provided between the hot side of the TEG annular array and the inner annular surface of the porous adsorption bed, and the cold side is attached to the outer wall of the central cavity; the upper opening of the central cavity communicates with the internal space of the condensation chamber.

2. The coaxial hierarchical active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom airflow management unit also includes a flow divider plate, which is located above the fan. The flow divider plate has through holes for dividing the airflow into an external airflow that flows through the porous adsorption bed and an internal airflow that enters the central cavity. The through holes on the flow divider plate are distributed in a concentric ring shape.

3. The coaxial hierarchical active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hygroscopic material of the porous adsorption bed is a composite adsorption material, with a porous carrier as the framework, loaded with hygroscopic salts, and composited with photothermal conversion materials; the porous carrier is selected from one or more of activated carbon fiber, foamed metal, and biomass aerogel; the hygroscopic salt is selected from one or more of calcium chloride and lithium chloride; the photothermal conversion material is selected from one or more of carbon black, graphene, and reduced graphene oxide.

4. The coaxial hierarchical active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous carrier is cellulose nanofibers or lignin sulfonate modified by alkali treatment, the hygroscopic salt is lithium chloride, and the photothermal conversion material is reduced graphene oxide.

5. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The passive heat dissipation structure on the outer wall of the condensation cavity is a radiation cooling coating or metal heat dissipation fins.

6. The coaxial hierarchical active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electric heating element, which is disposed inside the porous adsorption bed, for heating and desorbing the porous adsorption bed.

7. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control unit and a humidity sensor, the humidity sensor being located at the airflow outlet of the porous adsorption bed; the control unit receives the signal from the humidity sensor and controls the fan speed according to a preset threshold; it also includes an energy storage unit for storing the electrical energy generated by the TEG and powering the control unit and the humidity sensor.

8. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture transfer component consists of multiple bundles of glass fibers evenly arranged circumferentially, with their upper ends extending into the bottom of the condensation chamber and their lower ends extending downward along the inner wall of the central cavity.

9. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation chamber consists of a conical top and a hollow cylinder, with an exhaust port on the upper side wall of the hollow cylinder.

10. A coaxial, hierarchical, active-passive coordinated atmospheric water collection and thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device has a water collection tank at the bottom, which is connected to a guide pipe, for storing the collected condensate.

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