A communication method and apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a communication method and device. A network device determines that a first terminal comprises M antennas and relative positions between the M antennas, determines a first codebook according to the M antennas and the relative positions, determines first precoding information according to the first codebook, and sends second information indicating the first precoding information to the first terminal. The network device receives first data and decodes the first data according to the first precoding information. Since the first precoding information can be determined according to the actual antenna form of the first terminal instead of only according to an ideal antenna array, the first precoding information can be adapted to the antenna form of the first terminal, thereby reducing the error of the first precoding information and improving the system transmission capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Spatial multiplexing in multi-antenna systems can multiply system capacity. For example, a 2×2 multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system should theoretically have twice the capacity of a single-input single-output (SISO) system. However, in reality, due to channel correlation, interference occurs, resulting in capacity loss. Therefore, the capacity of the MIMO system may not reach twice that of the SISO system. Therefore, before data enters the wireless channel for transmission, the data at each antenna port can be weighted. This is equivalent to simplifying the channel matrix of the multi-antenna system, minimizing channel correlation, and thus improving the data transmission performance and capacity of the MIMO system.

[0003] Taking uplink transmission as an example, when transmitting data, the user equipment (UE) can use a precoding matrix to precode the data to be transmitted, which is equivalent to weighting the data at the antenna port. Currently, the UE can determine the precoding matrix based on the measurement results of the downlink reference signal and indicate the precoding matrix to the network device, so that the UE can use the precoding matrix to transmit data.

[0004] However, the precoding matrix indicated by the UE to the network device may contain errors, leading to a decrease in the accuracy of precoding and thus a decrease in system transmission capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus for improving precoding accuracy, thereby increasing system transmission capacity.

[0006] In a first aspect, a first communication method is provided, which can be applied to a first device. The first device is, for example, a network-side device. This network-side device is also referred to as a network device. The network device is, for example, a network equipment, or other equipment including network equipment functions, or a circuit, or a system-on-a-chip (or chip), or other functional module capable of implementing the functions of the network equipment, and is, for example, disposed within the network equipment. The network equipment includes, for example, core network equipment and / or access network equipment, or includes equipment located between the core network and the access network. The access network equipment can be a non-ORAN architecture or an ORAN architecture; or, the access network equipment can be a CU, DU, or RU under an ORAN architecture. The access network equipment is, for example, located on the ground, or the access network equipment is, for example, a satellite, or located on a satellite. The method includes: receiving first information; determining, based on the first information, that a first terminal contains M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; determining, based on the M antennas and the relative positions, a first codebook; determining, based on the first codebook, first precoding information; sending, to the first terminal, the second information indicating the first precoding information; receiving first data; and decoding, based on the first precoding information.

[0007] In this embodiment, since the first precoding information can be determined based on the actual antenna configuration of the first terminal rather than just the ideal antenna array, the first precoding information can be adapted to the antenna configuration of the first terminal, thereby reducing the error of the first precoding information and improving the system transmission capacity.

[0008] In one optional implementation, the first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and / or indicates the relative positions of the M antennas. The first information, by indicating the number of antennas in the first terminal and / or the relative positions of the M antennas, can indicate the antenna configuration of the first terminal.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the first information is a first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas of the first terminal. For example, the first terminal can determine the first matrix based on the first information and indicate the first matrix to the network device, so that the network device can determine the first matrix based on the first information without having to determine the first matrix through other means.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W ULet A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, W U is the DFT matrix, or the steering vector corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal. W U It can be a DFT matrix such that W U This can be consistent with existing codebook determination methods. Alternatively, W U It could also be the steering vector corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal, such that W U It can better match the antenna shape of the first terminal.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, matrices A and W U And A MS The following relationship must be satisfied: A = argmin || A MS -AW U ‖; where ‖x‖ represents the norm of x, and argmin‖A MS -AW U ‖ indicates that when ‖A MS -AW U When A reaches its minimum value MS -AW U The value of can be optimized through this implementation method.

[0013] In one optional implementation, the first information indicating that the first terminal includes M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas includes: the first information indicating the distance between the M antennas, the distance being used to indicate the relative positions between the M antennas. The first information, by indicating the distance between the M antennas, can provide an indication of the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the first precoded information satisfies the following relationship: W = A * W U Where W represents the first precoding information, W U Let A represent the first codebook, and let A represent the first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas. This method provides a specific way to determine the first precoding matrix.

[0015] In one optional implementation, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3 These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0017]

[0018] Where θ1 represents the phase or angle, and N1 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0020]

[0021] Where θ2 represents the phase or angle, and N2 represents the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension.

[0022] In one alternative implementation, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0023]

[0024] Where θ3 represents the phase or angle, and N3 represents the maximum number of antennas in the third dimension.

[0025] Secondly, a second communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second device. The second device is, for example, a terminal-side device. This terminal-side device is also referred to as a terminal device. The terminal device is, for example, a terminal equipment, or other equipment including terminal equipment functions, or a circuit, or a system-on-a-chip (or, a chip, such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-a-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core, or a system-in-a-package (SIP) chip) or other functional module, which can implement the functions of the terminal equipment, and is, for example, disposed in the terminal equipment. Optionally, the second device can be a first terminal. The method includes: sending first information, the first information indicating that the first terminal includes M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; receiving second information, the second information indicating first pre-coded information; and sending first data, wherein the first data is obtained based on the second data, the first pre-coded information, and a first matrix, the first matrix being determined based on the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0026] In one alternative implementation, the first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas and the relative positions of the M antennas.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, the first information is a first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas of the first terminal.

[0028] In one optional implementation, the first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, including: the first information includes the distance between the M antennas, the distance being used to indicate the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0029] In one optional implementation, the first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W U Let A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

[0030] In one alternative implementation, W U It is either the DFT matrix or the steering vector corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal.

[0031] In one alternative implementation, matrices A and W U And AMS The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0032] A = argmin || A MS -AW U ||;

[0033] Where, ||x|| represents the norm of x, and argmin||A MS -AW U ‖ indicates that when ‖A MS -AW U When A reaches its minimum value MS -AW U The value of .

[0034] In one optional implementation, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3 These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

[0035] In one alternative implementation, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0036]

[0037] Where θ1 represents the phase or angle, and N1 represents the number of antennas located in the first dimension among the M antennas.

[0038] In one alternative implementation, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0039]

[0040] Where θ2 represents the phase or angle, and N2 represents the number of antennas located in the second dimension among the M antennas.

[0041] In one alternative implementation, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0042]

[0043] Where θ3 represents the phase or angle, and N3 represents the number of antennas located in the third dimension among the M antennas.

[0044] For the technical effects of the second aspect or various alternative implementation methods, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementation methods.

[0045] Thirdly, a third communication method is provided, which can be applied to the first device. A description of the first device is provided in the first aspect. The method includes: receiving first information, the first information indicating antenna information of a first terminal; determining first precoding information of the first terminal based on the first information and a first codebook, the first codebook being determined based on a first antenna array, the first antenna array being determined based on the antenna information; sending second information to the first terminal, the second information indicating the first precoding information; and receiving first data, wherein the first precoding information is applied to the first data.

[0046] In one optional implementation, the first information is used to indicate the antenna information of the first terminal, including: the first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas.

[0047] In one alternative implementation, the first information indicates the pattern corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal; or, the first information indicates the number of antennas of the first terminal in at least one orthogonal dimension, and indicates at least one quantity; or, the first information indicates at least one quantity, and indicates the actual total number of antennas of the first terminal.

[0048] In one alternative implementation, the first information indicates that the first terminal includes M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, including: the first information indicates the distance between the M antennas, the distance being used to indicate the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0049] In one optional implementation, determining the first precoding information of the first terminal based on the first information and the first codebook includes: determining the first precoding information based on the first information, the first codebook, and the first matrix.

[0050] In one optional implementation, the first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W U Let A represent the first codebook, and let A be the first matrix.

[0051] In one alternative implementation, the first matrices A and W U And A MS The following relationship must be satisfied: A = argmin || A MS -AW U ‖; where ‖x‖ represents the norm of x, and arg min‖x‖ represents the value of x that makes arg min‖x‖ reach its minimum value.

[0052] In one optional implementation, the first precoded information satisfies the following relationship: W = A * W U Where W represents the first precoding information, W U Let A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

[0053] In one optional implementation, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

[0054] In one alternative implementation, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0055]

[0056] In one alternative implementation, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0057]

[0058] In one alternative implementation, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0059]

[0060] For information on the technical effects of the third aspect or some optional implementation methods, please refer to the description of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementation methods.

[0061] Fourthly, a fourth communication method is provided, which can be applied to a second device. A description of the second device can be found in the second aspect. The method includes: transmitting first information, the first information indicating antenna information of a first terminal; receiving second information, the second information indicating first precoding information; and transmitting first data, wherein the first precoding information and a first matrix are applied to the first data, and the first matrix is ​​determined based on the first information.

[0062] In one optional implementation, the first information is used to indicate the antenna information of the first terminal, including: the first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas.

[0063] In one alternative implementation, the first information indicates the pattern corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal; or, the first information indicates the number of antennas of the first terminal in at least one orthogonal dimension, and indicates at least one quantity; or, the first information indicates at least one quantity, and indicates the actual total number of antennas of the first terminal in at least one orthogonal dimension.

[0064] In one alternative implementation, the first information indicates that the first terminal includes M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, including: the first information indicates the distance between the M antennas, the distance being used to indicate the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0065] In one optional implementation, determining the first precoding information of the first terminal based on the first information and the first codebook includes: determining the first precoding information based on the first information, the first codebook, and the first matrix.

[0066] In one optional implementation, the first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W U Let A represent the first codebook, and let A be the first matrix.

[0067] In one alternative implementation, the first matrices A and W U And A MS The following relationship must be satisfied: A = argmin || A MS -AW U ‖; where ‖x‖ represents the norm of x, and arg min‖x‖ represents the value of x that makes arg min‖x‖ reach its minimum value.

[0068] In one optional implementation, the first precoded information satisfies the following relationship: W = A * W U Where W represents the first precoding information, W U Let A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

[0069] In one optional implementation, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

[0070] In one alternative implementation, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0071]

[0072] In one alternative implementation, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0073]

[0074] In one alternative implementation, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0075]

[0076] For the technical effects of the fourth aspect or some optional implementations, please refer to the introduction of the technical effects of the first aspect or corresponding implementations.

[0077] Fifthly, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus may be the first apparatus described in the first or third aspect above. The apparatus possesses the functions of the first apparatus described above. For example, the apparatus may implement the functions described in the first or third aspect above; for example, the apparatus includes modules, units, or means corresponding to performing the operations involved in the first or third aspect above. These modules, units, or means may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. The first apparatus may be, for example, a network device, or other device including network device functions, or a chip system (or chip or circuit) or other functional module capable of implementing the functions of a network device, and may be, for example, disposed within a network device. The network device may include, for example, core network equipment and / or access network equipment, or equipment located between the core network and the access network. In one optional implementation, the apparatus includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device. In another optional implementation, the apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called a transceiver module). A transceiver unit can perform both sending and receiving functions. When the transceiver unit performs the sending function, it can be called a sending unit (sometimes also called a sending module), and when it performs the receiving function, it can be called a receiving unit (sometimes also called a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, which is called the transceiver unit and can perform both sending and receiving functions; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a collective term for these functional modules.

[0078] In one optional implementation, the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is configured to receive first information; the processing unit is configured to determine, based on the first information, that the first terminal contains M antennas, and to determine the relative positions between the M antennas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the processing unit is further configured to determine a first codebook based on the M antennas and the relative positions; the processing unit is further configured to determine first precoding information based on the first codebook; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is configured to send second information to the first terminal, the second information indicating the first precoding information; the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is further configured to receive first data; the processing unit is further configured to decode the first data based on the first precoding information.

[0079] In one optional implementation, the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is configured to receive first information, the first information being used to indicate antenna information of the first terminal; the processing unit is configured to determine first precoding information of the first terminal based on the first information and a first codebook, the first codebook being determined based on a first antenna array, the first antenna array being determined based on the antenna information; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is configured to send second information to the first terminal, the second information being used to indicate the first precoding information; the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is further configured to receive first data, wherein the first precoding information is applied to the first data.

[0080] In an alternative embodiment, the device further includes a storage unit (sometimes also called a storage module), and the processing unit is configured to couple with the storage unit and execute programs or instructions in the storage unit to enable the device to perform the functions of the first device described in the first or third aspect above.

[0081] Sixthly, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus may be the second apparatus described in the second or fourth aspect above. The apparatus possesses the functions of the second apparatus described above. For example, the apparatus may implement the functions described in the second or fourth aspect above; for example, the apparatus includes modules, units, or means corresponding to performing the operations involved in the second or fourth aspect above. These modules, units, or means may be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. The second apparatus may be, for example, a terminal device, or other device including terminal device functions, or a chip system (or chip or circuit) or other functional module capable of implementing the functions of a terminal device, and may be, for example, disposed in a terminal device. In one optional implementation, the apparatus includes a baseband device and a radio frequency device. In another optional implementation, the apparatus includes a processing unit (sometimes also called a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also called a transceiver module). For details on the implementation of the transceiver unit, please refer to the relevant description in the fifth aspect.

[0082] In one optional implementation, the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is configured to send first information, the first information indicating that the first terminal includes M antennas and the relative positions between the M antennas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is configured to receive second information, the second information indicating first precoding information; the transceiver unit (or the sending unit) is further configured to send first data, wherein the first data is obtained based on the second data, the first precoding information, and a first matrix, the first matrix being determined based on the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0083] In one optional implementation, the transceiver unit (or the transmitting unit) is configured to transmit first information, the first information being used to indicate antenna information of the first terminal; the transceiver unit (or the receiving unit) is configured to receive second information, the second information being used to indicate first precoding information; the transceiver unit (or the transmitting unit) is further configured to transmit first data, wherein the first precoding information and the first matrix are applied to the first data, and the first matrix is ​​determined based on the first information.

[0084] In an alternative embodiment, the device further includes a storage unit (sometimes also called a storage module), and the processing unit is configured to couple with the storage unit and execute programs or instructions in the storage unit to enable the device to perform the functions of the second device described in the second or fourth aspect above.

[0085] A seventh aspect provides an apparatus comprising a memory and one or more processors. The memory is used to store part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions described in the first or third aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the apparatus implements the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first or third aspect above.

[0086] In one possible design, the device may further include interface circuitry, wherein the processor is configured to communicate with other devices or components via the interface circuitry.

[0087] In one possible design, the device may also include the memory.

[0088] The aforementioned device may be a network device, a communication module in a network device, or a chip in a network device that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip that contains a modem module.

[0089] Eighthly, an apparatus is provided, the apparatus comprising a memory and one or more processors. The memory is used to store part or all of a computer program or instructions necessary for implementing the functions involved in the second or fourth aspect described above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, such that, when executed, the apparatus implements the methods in any possible design or implementation of the second or fourth aspect described above.

[0090] In one possible design, the device may further include interface circuitry, wherein the processor is configured to communicate with other devices or components via the interface circuitry.

[0091] In one possible design, the device may also include the memory.

[0092] The aforementioned device may be a terminal device, a communication module in a terminal device, or a chip in a terminal device that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip that contains a modem module.

[0093] A ninth aspect provides a communication system including a network device. The network device is used to perform the method executed by the first apparatus as described in the first or third aspect. For example, the network device can be implemented using the apparatus described in the fifth or seventh aspect.

[0094] Optionally, the communication system may further include at least one terminal, such as a first terminal. The first terminal is used to perform the method executed by the second device as described in the second or fourth aspect above. For example, the first terminal can be implemented using the device described in the sixth or eighth aspect.

[0095] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, cause the method performed by the first or second means in the foregoing aspects to be implemented.

[0096] In the eleventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, enables the methods described in the above aspects to be implemented.

[0097] In a twelfth aspect, a chip system is provided, including a processor and an interface, the processor being configured to call and execute instructions from the interface to enable the chip system to implement the methods of the above aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0098] Figure 1 and Figure 2These are schematic diagrams of two different structures of the access network equipment in the embodiments of this application;

[0099] Figures 3-4 This is a schematic diagram of two network architectures applicable to the embodiments of this application;

[0100] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0101] Figure 6 and Figure 7 These are two examples of antenna positions in the first UE in the embodiments of this application;

[0102] Figure 8 This is an example of the antenna configuration corresponding to the codebook and the actual antenna configuration of the UE in the embodiments of this application;

[0103] Figure 9 and Figure 10 These are two examples of antenna configurations for the first UE in the embodiments of this application;

[0104] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of an apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0106] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0107] In this application embodiment, the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, refers to "singular nouns or plural nouns," that is, "one or more." "At least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, and / or c can mean: a exists alone, b exists alone, c exists alone, a and b exist simultaneously, b and c exist simultaneously, a and c exist simultaneously, or a, b, and c exist simultaneously, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0108] The ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the size, content, order, timing, priority, or importance of the multiple objects. Furthermore, the numbering of steps in the various embodiments described in this application is only to distinguish different steps and is not used to limit the order in which the steps are performed.

[0109] In the embodiments of this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, implicit instruction, etc. When describing a certain instruction information as being used to instruct A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, carries the identifier of A, carries B which is associated with A, carries the identifier of B which is associated with A, etc. In other words, if the receiving side of a certain instruction information can determine A based on the instruction information, it can be described as the instruction information being used to instruct A, and the specific method of determination is not limited. When it is understood that the instruction information carries A, "instruction" or "used to instruct" can be replaced with "includes". In this case, a statement similar to "sending / receiving instruction information, the instruction information being used to instruct A" can be replaced with "sending / receiving A".

[0110] In the embodiments of this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission by other units or modules via the air interface. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, which may include direct reception from YY via the air interface or indirect reception from YY by other units or modules via the air interface. "Send" can also be understood as the "output" of the chip interface, and "receive" can also be understood as the "input" of the chip interface. In other words, sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices, or within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within the device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

[0111] The following explanations of some terms or concepts used in the embodiments of this application are provided to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

[0112] In this embodiment of the application, the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which may be a fixed device, a mobile device, a handheld device (e.g., a mobile phone), a wearable device, an in-vehicle device, or a wireless device (e.g., a communication module, a modem, or a chip system, etc.) built into the above devices. The terminal devices are used to connect people, objects, and machines, and can be widely used in various scenarios, including but not limited to the following: sensing scenarios, cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-to-machine / machine-type (M2M / MTC) communication, Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical care, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, and terminal devices in indoor commercial scenarios (such as mobile phone screen mirroring, file sharing, and mobile phone to VR glasses). When the terminal equipment is applied to V2X, it can also be called a V2X device, such as a smart car, digital car, unmanned car, driverless car, pilotless car, or automobile, self-driving car, or autonomous car, pure electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), range-extended electric vehicle (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), new energy vehicle, or roadside unit (RSU). The terminal equipment can also be a device used in D2D communication, such as an electricity meter or water meter.

[0113] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important component of the future development of information technology. Its main technical feature is to connect objects to the network through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and object-to-object interconnection.

[0114] The various terminal devices described above, if located in a vehicle (e.g., placed inside or installed inside a vehicle), can all be considered in-vehicle terminal devices, also known as on-board units (OBUs). The terminal device of this application can also be an in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip, or in-vehicle unit built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. The vehicle can implement the methods of this application through the built-in in-vehicle module, in-vehicle component, in-vehicle chip, or in-vehicle unit.

[0115] The terminal equipment may sometimes be referred to as UE, terminal, access station, UE station, remote station, wireless communication equipment, or user equipment, etc.

[0116] In this application embodiment, the device for implementing the terminal device function can be a terminal device, which can be a terminal device or a device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing the function, such as a chip system. This device can be installed in the terminal device. In the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment, the example of a terminal device being used to implement the terminal device function is used to describe the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment.

[0117] The network devices in this application embodiment include, for example, access network devices (or access network elements) and / or core network devices (or core network elements). The access network devices are devices with wireless transceiver capabilities, used to communicate with the terminal devices. The access network devices include, but are not limited to, base stations (base transceiver stations (BTS), Node B, evolved Node B (eNodeB) / eNB, or the next generation Node B (gNodeB) / gNB), transmission reception points (TRPs), base stations evolved from the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP), access nodes in wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc. The base stations can be: macro base stations, micro base stations, pico base stations, small cells, relay stations, etc. Multiple base stations can support networks using the same access technology or networks using different access technologies. A base station can contain one or more co-located or non-co-located transmission and reception points. The access network equipment can also be a radio controller, centralized unit (CU), and / or distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radioaccess network (CRAN) scenario. The access network equipment can also be a server, etc. For example, the network equipment in V2X technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). The following description uses a base station as an example to illustrate the access network equipment. A base station can communicate with a terminal device, or it can communicate with a terminal device through a relay station. A terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies. The core network equipment is used to implement functions such as mobility management, data processing, session management, policy and billing. The names of the equipment implementing core network functions may differ in systems using different access technologies; this application does not limit this.Taking the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication technology system as an example, the core network equipment includes, for example, access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), policy control function (PCF), or user plane function (UPF), etc.

[0118] In a CU-DU architecture, or in an open RAN (ORAN) system, access network equipment may include one or more logical network elements such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). CUs and DUs can be separate entities or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs may be included in radio equipment or radio units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs). One possible structure for access network equipment can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 Among them, core network equipment and access network equipment can communicate through backhaul links; within access network equipment, CU and DU can communicate through midhaul links, and DU and RU can communicate through fronthaul links.

[0119] Alternatively, another architecture for the access network equipment can be referenced. Figure 2 , Figure 2Taking access network equipment implemented through chips as an example, such as a RAN chip, the RAN chip may include a CU, DU, and RU. The CU can perform L2 and L3 functions, etc.; the DU can perform L1 functions and some L2 functions, etc.; and the RU can perform L1 computing and radio frequency (RF) digital functions, etc. The CU communicates with the core network equipment through a backhaul interface, which carries the traffic between the CU and the core network equipment. The CU may include a central processing unit (CPU) based on x86 or ARM architecture, as well as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), graphics processing units (GPUs), or other accelerators, etc. The CPU and the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators can communicate through a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface.

[0120] The CU and DU communicate via a midhaul interface, which carries the traffic between the CU and DU. The DU may include an x86 or ARM architecture CPU, as well as FPGAs, GPUs, or other accelerators, which can communicate with the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators via a PCIe interface.

[0121] The DU and RU communicate via a fronthaul interface, which carries the traffic between the DU and RU. If the access network equipment uses an integrated DU, the integrated DU can include the functions of both the DU and RU, and the RAN may no longer need to include a separate RU. The RU may include a RAN fronthaul processing unit, a digital processing unit, and an RF processing unit. The RAN fronthaul processing unit is implemented, for example, using an FPGA or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The digital processing unit is implemented, for example, using an FPGA or an ASIC.

[0122] The RU can be connected to an antenna to communicate with the UE via the antenna.

[0123] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called an open CU (O-CU), DU can also be called an open DU (O-DU), CU-CP can also be called an open CU-CP (O-CU-CP), CU-UP can also be called an open CU-UP (O-CU-CP), and RU can also be called an open RU (O-RU). For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples in its embodiments. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in the embodiments of this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0124] The CU and DU can be configured according to the protocol layer functions of the wireless network they implement. For example, the CU can be configured to implement the functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer and above (such as the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer and / or the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer); the DU can be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Media Access Control (MAC) layer, or Physical (PHY) layer). Alternatively, the CU can be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers above the PDCP layer (such as the RRC and / or SDAP layers), and the DU can be configured to implement the functions of protocol layers below the PDCP layer (such as one or more of the RLC, MAC, or PHY layers).

[0125] The above CU and DU configurations are merely examples; the functions of the CU and DU can be configured as needed. For instance, the CU or DU can be configured to have more protocol layer functions, or only some protocol layer processing functions. For example, some RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions above the RLC layer can be placed in the CU, while the remaining RLC layer functions and protocol layer functions below the RLC layer can be placed in the DU. Furthermore, the functions of the CU or DU can be divided according to service type or other system requirements, such as by latency. Functions that require low latency can be placed in the DU, while functions that do not require low latency can be placed in the CU.

[0126] DU and RU can cooperate to implement the functions of the PHY layer. A DU can be connected to one or more RUs. The functions of DU and RU can be configured in various ways depending on the design. For example, a DU can be configured to implement baseband functions, and an RU can be configured to implement mid-RF functions. Another example is that a DU can be configured to implement higher-level functions in the PHY layer, and an RU can be configured to implement lower-level functions in the PHY layer, or to implement both lower-level and RF functions. Higher-level functions in the physical layer can include a portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the MAC layer, while lower-level functions in the physical layer can include another portion of the physical layer's functions that are closer to the mid-RF side.

[0127] In this application embodiment, the apparatus for implementing the functions of a network device can be referred to as a network apparatus. This network apparatus can be a network element, a network device, or an apparatus capable of supporting the network device or network element in implementing the function, such as a chip system. This apparatus can be installed within the network device. In the technical solutions provided in this application embodiment, the apparatus for implementing the functions of a network device is described as a network apparatus (for example, an apparatus for implementing the functions of an access network apparatus is an access network apparatus, and an apparatus for implementing the functions of a core network apparatus is a core network apparatus).

[0128] The technical features involved in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0129] Spatial multiplexing in multi-antenna systems can multiply the system capacity. For example, a 2×2 MIMO system should theoretically have twice the capacity of a SISO system. However, in reality, due to the correlation between channels, interference occurs, resulting in capacity loss. Therefore, the capacity of the MIMO system may not reach twice that of the SISO system. Therefore, before data enters the wireless channel for transmission, the data at each antenna port can be weighted. This is equivalent to simplifying the channel matrix of the multi-antenna system, minimizing channel correlation, and thus improving the data transmission performance and capacity of the MIMO system.

[0130] Taking uplink transmission as an example, when a UE sends data, it can use a precoding matrix to precode the data to be sent, which is equivalent to weighting the data at the antenna port. The network device can obtain the UE's precoding matrix in two ways.

[0131] Method 1: The network device obtains the downlink channel matrix H based on the measurement of the channel sounding reference signal (SRS) and the reciprocity estimation of the uplink and downlink channels. Then, the precoding matrix is ​​obtained by performing singular value decomposition (SVD) on the downlink channel matrix H. Method 1 is also known as SRS-based precoding. However, Method 1 is only applicable to time division duplex (TDD) systems.

[0132] Method 2: The UE obtains the downlink channel matrix H based on measurements of the downlink reference signal, and then obtains the precoding matrix by performing SVD on the downlink channel matrix H. The UE can feed back the precoding matrix to the network device, for example, by sending a precoding matrix indication (PMI) to the network device, thereby allowing the network device to obtain the precoding matrix. Method 2 is also known as PMI-based precoding.

[0133] For method two, to reduce the overhead of the UE feeding back the precoding matrix to the network device, the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) defines a finite number of quantization matrices for the precoding matrix, which are also called codebooks. The protocol also assigns a number to each codebook, and the UE can select the codebook corresponding to the precoding matrix determined by the UE, and then send the codebook number to the network device.

[0134] The codebooks defined in the current protocols are based on an ideal antenna configuration, which means that the spacing between adjacent antennas is equal, i.e., the antennas are evenly distributed. However, in actual deployments, or in future-oriented smart terminal types, the antenna distribution may not be an ideal antenna configuration, but may be irregular, or the spacing between adjacent antennas may not be equal.

[0135] The UE feeds back the precoding vector through quantization, which inherently introduces some quantization error. Furthermore, the mismatch between the codebook and the UE's actual antenna configuration introduces further errors, resulting in a larger error in the final precoding matrix and potentially reducing system transmission capacity.

[0136] Therefore, the first precoding information in this embodiment can be determined based on the actual antenna configuration of the first UE, rather than solely based on an ideal antenna array. Thus, the first precoding information can be adapted to the antenna configuration of the first UE, thereby reducing the error of the first precoding information and improving the system transmission capacity.

[0137] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to 4G systems, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, or to 5G systems, such as New Radio (NR) systems, or to next-generation mobile communication systems or other similar communication systems, such as the 6th generation (6G) systems, etc., without specific limitations. Furthermore, while this application describes communication between network devices and UEs as an example, the technical solutions provided in this application can also be used for sidelink (SL) communication between UEs. For example, this technical solution can be applied to D2D scenarios, such as NR-D2D scenarios, or to V2X scenarios, such as NR-V2X scenarios. For example, this application can be used in fields such as factory manufacturing, smart homes, intelligent driving, assisted driving, intelligent connected vehicles, or indoor commercial scenarios.

[0138] Please refer to Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This includes network equipment and UE. The network equipment can determine precoding information for the UE based on the UE's antenna information, and the UE can precode the data to be transmitted based on the precoding information. Figure 3 Taking one UE and one network device as an example, there is no actual limit to the number of UEs, nor is there a limit to the number of network devices.

[0139] Please refer to this again. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another application scenario of this application embodiment. Figure 4Includes UE1 and UE2. UE1 can determine precoding information for UE2 based on the antenna information of UE2, and UE2 can precode the data to be transmitted based on the precoding information.

[0140] The methods provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings corresponding to the various embodiments of this application, all steps indicated by dashed lines are optional steps. The various embodiments herein can be applied to... Figure 3 Given the network architecture shown, the various embodiments in this paper can be derived from... Figure 3 The UE and network devices in the process perform the execution, for example, the "first UE" mentioned later is... Figure 3 The UE in this context, referred to as "network device" in the following text, is... Figure 3 Network devices in [the context of this document]. Alternatively, the various embodiments described herein can be applied to [other applications]. Figure 4 Given the network architecture shown, the various embodiments in this paper can be derived from... Figure 4 UE1 and UE2 are executed in this context. In the following sections, we will refer to the applications described in this article. Figure 3 The network architecture shown is an example. If we want to apply the solution provided in this article to... Figure 4 The network architecture shown can be replaced with "UE1" in the following text, and "first UE" can be replaced with "UE2".

[0141] This application provides a communication method. Please refer to... Figure 5 Here is a flowchart of the method.

[0142] S501, the first UE sends the first information. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first information.

[0143] The network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first information. For example, if the first UE includes M antennas, the network device can determine the number of the M antennas and their relative positions based on the first information. M is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The M antennas can be the actual number of antennas for the UE, and the relative positions of the M antennas can be the actual antenna configuration of the UE.

[0144] Optionally, the first information may indicate the antenna information of the first UE, or the first information may indicate the antenna configuration of the first UE. Alternatively, it can be understood that the antenna information may indicate the antenna configuration of the first UE. Optionally, the first information indicating the antenna information or antenna configuration of the first UE may include indicating that the first UE includes M antennas (or understood as indicating that the first information indicates that the number of antennas of the first UE is M), and / or indicating the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0145] For example, the first information indicates the number of antennas of the first UE. The network device can determine the number of antennas of the first UE based on the first information, for example, M. Optionally, the network device can also determine the relative positions between the M antennas based on the number of antennas. Therefore, the first information indicating the number of antennas can also be considered as implicitly indicating the relative positions between the M antennas.

[0146] The first information indicates the antenna information or antenna configuration of the first UE, or the first information indicates that the first UE includes M antennas and / or indicates the relative positions between the M antennas. There can be various indication methods, as illustrated in the following examples.

[0147] 1. As a first optional indication method for the first information, the first information indicates the number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of the first UE in at least one orthogonal dimension, and indicates at least one quantity. For example, the at least one quantity may be the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension. For example, the first information may indicate the number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of the first UE in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate the maximum number of antennas in all orthogonal dimensions.

[0148] The at least one orthogonal dimension (or all dimensions) includes, for example, a first dimension, or a first dimension and a second dimension, or a first dimension, a second dimension, and a third dimension. The first dimension is, for example, the X-axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system, the second dimension is, for example, the Y-axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and the third dimension is, for example, the Z-axis in a three-dimensional coordinate system. The first information indicates the number of antennas of the first UE in at least one orthogonal dimension, for example, indicating the number of antennas of the first UE in each of the at least one orthogonal dimensions. The first information indicates the at least one number, for example, indicating the maximum number of antennas in each of the at least one orthogonal dimensions. The maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension may not be the actual number of antennas of the first UE in that at least one orthogonal dimension. For example, the maximum number of antennas in any one of the at least one orthogonal dimensions may be the maximum number of antennas in that orthogonal dimension of a first antenna array, which may be a virtual antenna array determined according to the first information. For example, for any one of the orthogonal dimensions, the actual number of antennas of the first UE in that orthogonal dimension may be less than or equal to the maximum number of antennas in that orthogonal dimension.

[0149] For example, the first antenna array is a 4×4 antenna array. In the X-axis dimension, the actual number of antennas of the first UE is 2, while the maximum number of antennas in the X-axis dimension is 4. For example, if all M antennas of the first UE are located in the first dimension, the first information can indicate that the number of antennas of the first UE in the first dimension is M, and also indicate that the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension is N1, where N1 can be greater than or equal to M. The network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the number of antennas M in the first dimension and the maximum number of antennas N1 in the first dimension. As another example, if the M antennas of the first UE are located in the first dimension and the second dimension respectively, the first information can indicate that the number of antennas of the first UE in the first dimension is M1, the number of antennas of the first UE in the second dimension is M2, and also indicate that the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension is N1, and the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension is N2, where M1 + M2 = M, N1 is greater than or equal to M1, and N2 is greater than or equal to M2. For example, the first UE has M antennas located in the first dimension, the second dimension, and the third dimension, respectively. The first information can indicate that the number of antennas of the first UE in the first dimension is M1, the number of antennas of the first UE in the second dimension is M2, the number of antennas of the first UE in the third dimension is M3, and indicate that the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension is N1 and the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension is N2, where M1 + M2 = M, N1 is greater than or equal to M1, and N2 is greater than or equal to M2.

[0150] 2. As a second optional indication method for the first information, the first information indicates at least one quantity and indicates the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual total number of antennas) of the first UE in the at least one orthogonal dimension. For example, the at least one quantity may be the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension. For example, the first information may indicate the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual total number of antennas) of the first UE in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate the at least one quantity.

[0151] The first information indicates the at least one quantity, for example, it may indicate the maximum number of antennas in each of the at least one orthogonal dimensions. A description of the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension can be found above. For example, if the first UE has M antennas located in the first and second dimensions respectively, the first information may indicate that the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension is N1, the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension is N2, and the total number of antennas of the first UE in the first and second dimensions is M. As another example, if the first UE has M antennas located in the first, second, and third dimensions respectively, the first information may indicate that the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension is N1, the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension is N2, the maximum number of antennas in the third dimension is N3, and the total number of antennas of the first UE in the first, second, and third dimensions is M.

[0152] Alternatively, in a second optional indication method for the first information, the first information may also indicate the total number of antenna ports of the first UE in at least one orthogonal dimension (e.g., the actual total number of antenna ports), and indicate the at least one quantity, without limitation on the specific object indicated by the first information. For example, the first information may indicate the total number of antenna ports of the first UE in all orthogonal dimensions (e.g., the actual total number of antenna ports), and indicate the at least one quantity.

[0153] Optionally, the first information indicates the number of antennas of the first UE in any orthogonal dimension, such as indicating one or more of the following: the number of antenna ports of the first UE, the number of antennas of the first UE, the number of transmit ports (TX ports) of the first UE, the number of antenna panels of the first UE, the number of antenna elements (AEs) of the first UE, or the transmit (TX) radio frequency channels of the first UE.

[0154] 3. As a third optional indication method for the first information, the first information includes the relative position information between the M antennas, so that the network device can determine the relative position information between the M antennas and the value of M based on the first information. Alternatively, the first information may include the relative position information between the M antennas and the value of M, so that the network device can determine the relative position information between the M antennas and the value of M based on the first information. Alternatively, the first information may include the maximum number of antennas in each orthogonal dimension of the M antennas, so that the network device can determine the relative position information between the M antennas and the value of M based on the first information.

[0155] The first information includes the relative position information between the M antennas. For example, in one implementation, the first information indicates the distance between the M antennas, which can also be understood as the relative position between the M antennas. For instance, the first information may include the pattern information of the M antennas, which can indicate the relative position between the M antennas. Optionally, in this implementation, a reference point can be defined, and the first information can also indicate the position of the M antennas relative to the reference point, or indicate the distance between the M antennas and the reference point. The reference point can be, for example, the location of any one of the M antennas, or any point on the first UE, or a point located outside the first UE. The reference point can be configured by the network device, negotiated between the network device and the UE, or determined and notified to the network device by the UE.

[0156] For reference Figure 6Taking the first UE as an example, which is a cuboid. The length, width, and height of this cuboid are 5 meters (m), 2 meters, and 1.8 meters, respectively. Figure 6 The numbers 1 through 8 represent locations in the first UE where antennas can be deployed (but may not actually be deployed). The pattern information included in the first information includes, for example, eight sub-information segments, each corresponding to one of the eight locations. Each sub-information segment indicates whether an antenna is deployed at its corresponding location. For example, the pattern information (1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1) indicates that antennas are deployed at locations 1, 2, 7, and 8, and not at other locations. Optionally, the pattern information can also indicate the number of antennas deployed at each location. For example, the pattern information (1,1,0,0,0,0,1,2) indicates that antennas are deployed at locations 1, 2, 7, and 8, and not at other locations. It also indicates that one antenna is deployed at each of locations 1, 2, and 7, and two antennas are deployed at location 8.

[0157] Taking a vehicle as an example, the reference point can be defined as any point on the vehicle, or it can be any point not located on the vehicle. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7 This is one example of a reference point. Figure 7 Taking a vehicle as an example, the reference point is, for example, the center position of the front side of the vehicle (e.g., the center point of the bumper). The M points include, for example,... Figure 7 The four points shown in Figures 1-4 can have their position information relative to the reference point as the first piece of information. In this implementation, the M antennas can be considered to be at the same horizontal level; that is, the heights of the M antennas can be disregarded. For example, a two-dimensional coordinate system can be established with the reference point as the origin, and the position information of a point relative to the reference point can be the coordinates of that point in that coordinate system. For example, for the i-th point, its coordinates in that coordinate system are (Δx... i Δy i Alternatively, antenna height information can be incorporated into this implementation. For example, a three-dimensional coordinate system can be established using the reference point as the origin. The position information of a point relative to the reference point can be the coordinates of that point in that coordinate system. For example, for the i-th point, its coordinates in that coordinate system are (Δx...). i Δy i ,Δh i ).

[0158] 4. As a fourth optional indication method for the first information, the first information may include a first index, which indicates the antenna configuration of the first UE. The network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first index.

[0159] For example, the antenna configuration indicates that the first UE has M antennas, and also indicates the relative positional relationship between the M antennas. For example, the first UE can determine that its antenna configuration corresponds to a first index based on a first correspondence. The first correspondence may include at least one correspondence, where each correspondence is a correspondence between an index and an antenna configuration. The first correspondence may be predefined by a protocol or configured by a network device.

[0160] 5. As a fifth optional indication method for the first information, the first information may indicate the antenna pattern of the first UE. The network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on this pattern. For example, the antenna configuration may indicate that the first UE has M antennas, and indicate the relative positional relationship between the M antennas. For instance, the first UE can determine that its antenna configuration corresponds to this pattern based on a second correspondence. The second correspondence may include at least one correspondence, where each correspondence is a correspondence between a pattern and an antenna configuration. The second correspondence may be predefined by a protocol or configured by the network device.

[0161] Besides the implementation methods described above, the first information can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the first information can also be a matrix, referred to as the first matrix. The first matrix can be determined based on the antenna configuration of the first UE, for example, based on the relative positional relationship between the M antennas; and / or, the first matrix can also be determined based on the first codebook. For example, the first UE can indicate its antenna configuration to the network device, and the network device can determine the first matrix based on the antenna configuration and / or the first codebook. Alternatively, the first UE can determine the first matrix based on its antenna configuration and / or the first codebook, and indicate the first matrix to the network device, so that the network device can use the first matrix without having to determine it again. The determination of the first matrix can be related to the first codebook, which will be described later; therefore, the specific implementation of the first matrix will also be described later.

[0162] Optionally, the first UE may have a single antenna panel, in which case the first information may be implemented in any of the methods described above. Alternatively, the first UE may have multiple antenna panels, in which case the first information may also be implemented in a corresponding manner.

[0163] In the case where the first UE has multiple antenna panels, one optional implementation of the first information includes indicating the relative position of an antenna (or antenna port) in each of the multiple antenna panels. Optionally, the relative position of an antenna (or antenna port) in any one antenna panel is, for example, the position of that antenna (or antenna port) relative to the first antenna panel among the multiple antenna panels.

[0164] Alternatively, in the case where the first UE has multiple antenna panels, another optional implementation of the first information includes that the first information may indicate the relative position of the antenna (or antenna port) in each of the multiple antenna panels, and indicate the relative position of each of the multiple antenna panels. Optionally, the relative position of the antenna (or antenna port) in any one antenna panel is, for example, the position of the antenna (or antenna port) relative to the first antenna (or antenna port) in the antenna panel in which the antenna is located. Optionally, the relative position of any one antenna panel is, for example, the position of the antenna panel relative to the first antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels.

[0165] Alternatively, in the case where the first UE has multiple antenna panels, another optional implementation of the first information includes indicating the number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) for each of the multiple antenna panels in at least one orthogonal dimension, and indicating at least one quantity. Optionally, the at least one quantity is the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension, as described above. For example, the first information may indicate the number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) for each of the multiple antenna panels in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate at least one quantity.

[0166] Alternatively, in the case where the first UE has multiple antenna panels, another optional implementation of the first information includes that the first information may indicate the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of each antenna panel in at least one orthogonal dimension; that is, the first information may indicate multiple total antenna counts, where each total antenna count corresponds to one antenna panel; and the first information may also indicate at least one quantity. Optionally, the at least one quantity is the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension, as described above. For example, the first information may indicate the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of each antenna panel in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate at least one quantity. Alternatively, the first information may also indicate antenna ports and antenna integration; for example, the first information may indicate the total number of antenna ports (e.g., the actual number of antenna ports) of each antenna panel in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate at least one quantity.

[0167] Alternatively, in the case where the first UE has multiple antenna panels, another optional implementation of the first information includes indicating the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of the multiple antenna panels in at least one orthogonal dimension, and indicating at least one quantity. Optionally, the at least one quantity is the maximum number of antennas in the at least one orthogonal dimension, as described above. For example, the first information may indicate the total number of antennas (e.g., the actual number of antennas) of the multiple antenna panels in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate at least one quantity. Alternatively, the first information may also indicate antenna ports and antenna integration; for example, the first information may indicate the total number of antenna ports (e.g., the actual number of antenna ports) of the multiple antenna panels in all orthogonal dimensions, and indicate at least one quantity.

[0168] Optionally, if the first UE has multiple antenna panels and the antenna configurations (e.g., antenna arrangement) on different antenna panels are different, the first information can be used to indicate the antenna information of each antenna panel in the multiple antenna panels respectively, as in any of the above embodiments.

[0169] Alternatively, if the antenna configurations (e.g., antenna arrangement) are identical on different antenna panels, the first information can indicate the antenna information of any one of the antenna panels and the relative positions between the multiple antenna panels, without needing to indicate the antenna information of each individual antenna panel. The first information indicating the antenna information of any one of the antenna panels can employ any of the indication methods described above.

[0170] Alternatively, even if the antenna configurations (e.g., antenna arrangement) on different antenna panels among the plurality of antenna panels are the same, the first information can be used to indicate the antenna information of each antenna panel among the plurality of antenna panels respectively, as in any of the above embodiments.

[0171] The first information may be included, for example, in a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control control element (MAC CE), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

[0172] Alternatively, if the solution of the embodiments of this application is applied to Figure 4In the network architecture shown, where the first UE sends the first information to another UE (e.g., UE1), the first information may include a near-field communication (PC5) air interface RRC message, MAC CE, physical sidelink control channel (PSSCCH), or physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH).

[0173] Since the first UE transmits signals through its antenna port, and the first information indicates information related to the first UE's antenna, optionally, the first UE can also send the correspondence between the first UE's antenna port and the antenna (or antenna position) to the network device. For example, referring to Table 1, which shows an example of the correspondence between the first UE's antenna port and the antenna, in this embodiment of the application, the first UE can send one or more items from Table 1 to the network device (each row in Table 1 is considered an item).

[0174] Table 1

[0175] Antenna port antenna Port 1 1 Port 2 2 Port 3 3 Port 4 4

[0176] Alternatively, the first information can also indicate information related to the antenna ports of the first UE. For example, the first information could indicate the antenna port configuration of the first UE. Taking a one-to-one correspondence between the first UE's antennas and antenna ports as an example, the first information could indicate the relative positions between the M antenna ports of the first UE, or indicate the relative positions between the M antenna ports of the first UE and the value of M. In this implementation, the first UE does not need to indicate the correspondence between the first UE's antenna ports and antennas (or antenna positions) to the network device.

[0177] S502, The network device determines the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first information.

[0178] For example, the network device determines that the first UE contains M antennas based on the first information, and determines the relative positions of the M antennas. If the first information indicates the antenna configuration of the first UE, the network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE in step S502. Alternatively, if the first information is a first matrix, the network device may not execute step S502, or it may execute step S502, in which case the network device can determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first matrix. Alternatively, the network device may not be able to determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first information; for example, if the first information indicates the corresponding number of antennas (see previous description), the network device may not be able to determine the antenna configuration of the first UE based on the first information. Therefore, step S502 is an optional step.

[0179] S503: The network device determines the first codebook based on the antenna configuration of the first UE. Alternatively, S503 can be replaced by: The network device determines the first codebook based on the first information.

[0180] For example, a network device can determine a first antenna array based on first information, thereby determining a first codebook. The first antenna array can be a virtual antenna array; that is, the first antenna array is not the actual antenna array of the first UE, but a virtual antenna array determined based on the first information. The network device can determine the first antenna array in various ways.

[0181] For example, the first information indicates the relative positions of the M antennas of the first UE, or indicates the pattern corresponding to the antenna configuration of the first UE, etc., and the network device can determine the first antenna array accordingly. For example, the network device can determine the spacing between adjacent antennas among the M antennas based on the first information, and determine the least common factor of these spacings. This least common factor can be used as the spacing between adjacent antennas in the first antenna array, thereby determining the first antenna array. Optionally, the antenna elements of the first UE are located in the first antenna array; optionally, the number of antennas in each orthogonal dimension of the first antenna array is 2. n where n = 0, 1, 2, ..., 2 n Similarly, the first UE knows the spacing between adjacent antennas in the M antennas. The first UE can determine the least common factor of these spacings, which can be used as the spacing between adjacent antennas in the first antenna array, thereby determining the first antenna array.

[0182] For example, the first information indicates at least one number of antennas, such as the maximum number of antennas in the first antenna array in that at least one dimension. The network device can then determine the first antenna array based on the first information. For instance, if the first information indicates N1, N2, and N3, where N1 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first antenna array in the first dimension, N2 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first antenna array in the second dimension, and N3 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first antenna array in the third dimension, the network device can determine the first antenna array based on N1, N2, and N3.

[0183] Based on the first antenna array, the network device can determine the first codebook. Since the first antenna array is a virtual antenna array, the first codebook can also be called a virtual codebook. Furthermore, since the first antenna array is a uniform or regular array, the first codebook can also be called a virtual uniform codebook or a virtual regular codebook, etc. There are no restrictions on the name of the first codebook. The first codebook can be understood as being related to the first antenna array, or as being related to the maximum number of antennas or the maximum antenna index of the first antenna array in each dimension.

[0184] Optionally, the network device can generate a first codebook based on the first antenna array. Alternatively, the protocol predefines one or more codebooks, each of which corresponds to at least one antenna array. In this case, the network device can select the codebook corresponding to the first antenna array from the one or more codebooks, and that codebook can be used as the first codebook.

[0185] For example, the protocol predefines a codebook that can be applied to at least one antenna configuration, or is considered to correspond to at least one antenna array. For instance, antenna configurations include 2×2, 4×4, 8×8, etc., and the codebook can be universally applied to these antenna configurations; therefore, the codebook can be an 8×8 matrix. Optionally, in the embodiments of this application, "×" and "*" can be interchanged, both representing a multiplication relationship.

[0186] In this definition method, because a relatively universal codebook needs to be defined, the codebook space will be large if the actual number of antennas is less than the number of antennas corresponding to the codebook. For example, if the actual antenna configuration is 4×4, and the codebook is an 8×8 antenna configuration, then the codebook may include 64 codewords or 64 weight vectors. However, the actual antenna configuration might only require 16 codewords or weight vectors. (See reference...) Figure 8 This is an example of the antenna configuration corresponding to the codebook and the actual antenna configuration of the UE. Figure 8 The three cuboids on the left represent the three antenna configurations corresponding to the codebook, and the three cuboids on the right represent the three actual antenna configurations of the UE. The cuboids in the figure represent the shape of the UE, and the dots represent the locations of the antennas.

[0187] For example, the protocol predefines codebooks for different types of UEs, with one type of UE potentially corresponding to one or more codebooks. Different UE types may have different numbers or antenna configurations; therefore, it can also be understood that the protocol predefines codebooks for different antenna configurations or numbers, with one antenna configuration or number potentially corresponding to one or more codebooks. For example, for a UE with a 2×2 antenna configuration, the protocol predefines codebook 1; for a UE with a 4×4 antenna configuration, the protocol predefines codebook 2; for a UE with an 8×8 antenna configuration, the protocol predefines codebook 3, and so on. The above example uses one codebook for one number of antennas. Alternatively, for UEs with the same number of antennas, the protocol can predefine multiple codebooks. For example, for an 8×8 antenna configuration, the protocol can predefine multiple codebooks, such as one codebook for the upper left corner of the 8×8 antenna array and another codebook for the upper right corner.

[0188] This application does not impose any restrictions on the number of codebooks or how the codebooks are defined.

[0189] The first codebook, for example, uses W. U This indicates that the first codebook can be implemented in different ways in different scenarios, as illustrated by the following examples.

[0190] As a first alternative implementation of the first codebook, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions (or, in other words, the antenna distribution of the M antennas exists in all three orthogonal dimensions), and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0191]

[0192] Where I1 represents a 1×1 identity matrix. X n1 X n2 X n3 These represent the channel response vectors or weight vectors along three orthogonal dimensions (e.g., the first, second, and third dimensions, respectively). For example, for X... n1 The modulo value is 1 for X n2 The modulo value is 1 for X n3 The modulo value is 1. These three orthogonal dimensions are, for example, the three coordinate axes of a three-dimensional coordinate system, such as the first dimension being the X-axis, the second dimension being the Y-axis, and the third dimension being the Z-axis. It represents the Kronecker product.

[0193] As a second optional implementation of the first codebook, the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions (or, in other words, the antenna distribution of the M antennas exists in all three orthogonal dimensions), and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0194]

[0195] Where I2 represents a 2×2 identity matrix. For an explanation of the other parameters, please refer to the above text.

[0196] As a third alternative implementation of the first codebook, the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions (or, in other words, the antenna distribution of the M antennas exists in both orthogonal dimensions), and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0197]

[0198] For details on the various parameters, please refer to the previous text.

[0199] As a fourth optional implementation of the first codebook, the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions (or, in other words, the antenna distribution of the M antennas exists in both orthogonal dimensions), and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0200]

[0201] For details on the various parameters, please refer to the previous text.

[0202] As a fifth alternative implementation of the first codebook, if the M antennas are distributed in one dimension (or, in other words, the M antennas are located in the same dimension), and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0203]

[0204] For details on the various parameters, please refer to the previous text.

[0205] As a sixth optional implementation of the first codebook, the M antennas are distributed in an orthogonal dimension (or, in other words, the M antennas are located in the same dimension), and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0206]

[0207] For details on the various parameters, please refer to the previous text.

[0208] Optionally, if the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension, then W U It can also satisfy the following relationship:

[0209]

[0210] Among them, u m W U , or u m Belongs to W U For example, formula 7 can replace formula 5 or formula 6, or formula 7 can replace X in formula 5 or formula 6. n1 Optional, m = 0, 1, ..., (N1*O1-1)

[0211] Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions, then W U It can also satisfy the following relationship:

[0212]

[0213] Among them, v l,m W U , or u m Belongs to W U For example, formula 8 can replace formula 3 or formula 4. Optional, m = 0, 1, ..., (N1*O1-1); l = 0, 1, ..., (N2*O2-1)

[0214] Alternatively, if the M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, then W U It can also satisfy the following relationship:

[0215]

[0216] Among them, w l,m,q W U , or u m Belongs to W U For example, formula 9 can replace formula 1 or formula 2, and formula 8 or formula 9 can replace formula 1 or formula 2. Optional, m = 0, 1, ..., (N1*O1-1); l = 0, 1, ..., (N2*O2-1); q = 0, 1, ..., (N3*O3-1).

[0217] Optionally, if N2 = 1, then v l,m =[u m ] T Where N2 can represent the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension of the first antenna array.

[0218] Optionally, if N3 = 1, then w l,m,q =[v l,m ] T Where N3 can represent the maximum number of antennas in the third dimension of the first antenna array.

[0219] Optional, WU =w l,m,q Or, W U =[w 0,0,0 ,…,w l,m,q …,w N1O1-1,N2O2-1,N3O3-1 ], i.e., w l,m,q Belongs to W U .

[0220] Among them, it is necessary to determine W U Which formula should be used to determine the orthogonality of the M antennas based on their corresponding orthogonal dimensions and polarization? Alternatively, it's not necessary to determine the orthogonal dimensions. For example, if the first information indicates the number of antennas in at least one orthogonal dimension (e.g., the actual number of antennas), the orthogonal dimensions can be determined based on the number of antennas in that at least one orthogonal dimension. For instance, if the first information indicates that the number of antennas in the first dimension is M1, in the second dimension is M2, and in the third dimension is M, then the orthogonal dimensions can be determined based on the values ​​of M1, M2, and M3. For example, if any one of M1, M2, or M3 has a value of 1, it indicates that the M antennas do not correspond to the orthogonal dimension; if any one of M1, M2, or M3 has a value greater than 1, it indicates that the M antennas correspond to the orthogonal dimension. For example, if M1 = 2, M2 = 1, and M3 = 1, it means that the M antennas correspond to one orthogonal dimension. For example, if M1=2, M2=4, and M3=1, it means that the M antennas correspond to two orthogonal dimensions.

[0221] Optional, X n1 For example, the following relationship is satisfied:

[0222] or or

[0223] (Formula 10)

[0224] Here, θ1 represents the phase or angle, or θ1 represents the quantized value of the phase or angle. N1 is a positive integer, for example, N1 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first antenna array in the first dimension. n1 is a variable, and the value of n1 ranges from [0, N1*O1-1]. O1 is related to oversampling; for example, O1 can be equal to 1. The first dimension is X. n1 The corresponding dimension. θ1 can be understood as the signal incident angle. For example, N1 is at least one quantity reported by the first UE.

[0225] Optional, X n2 For example, the following relationship is satisfied:

[0226] or or

[0227] (Formula 11)

[0228] Here, θ2 represents the phase or angle, or θ2 represents the quantized value of the phase or angle. N2 is a positive integer, for example, N2 represents the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension of the first antenna array. n2 is a variable, and the value of n2 ranges from [0, N2*O2-1]. O2 is related to oversampling; for example, O2 can be equal to 1. The second dimension is X. n2 The corresponding dimension. θ2 can be understood as the signal incident angle. For example, N2 is at least one quantity reported by the first UE.

[0229] Optional, X n3 For example, the following relationship is satisfied:

[0230] or or

[0231] (Formula 12)

[0232] Here, θ3 represents the phase or angle, or θ3 represents the quantized value of the phase or angle. N3 is a positive integer, for example, N3 represents the maximum number of antennas in the third dimension of the first antenna array. N3 is a variable, and the value of n3 ranges from [0, N3 * O3 - 1]. O3 is related to oversampling; for example, O3 can be equal to 1. The third dimension is X. n3 The corresponding dimension. θ3 can be understood as the signal incident angle. For example, N3 is at least one quantity reported by the first UE.

[0233] Optionally, O1 in the above formula can be predefined (e.g., protocol predefined), preconfigured (e.g., preconfigured by network devices or other UEs), or configured (e.g., configured by network devices or other UEs), for example, O1 = 1, 2, 4, ... For example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication on the Uu interface, O1 can be preconfigured by the network device. As another example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication on the sidelink (SL), O1 can be preconfigured by the network device, or it can be preconfigured via PC5 signaling (e.g., preconfigured by other UEs).

[0234] Optionally, O2 in the above formula can be predefined (e.g., protocol predefined), preconfigured (e.g., preconfigured by network devices or other UEs), or configured (e.g., configured by network devices or other UEs), for example, O2 = 1, 2, 4, ... For example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication via the Uu interface, O2 can be preconfigured by the network device. As another example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication via SL, O2 can be preconfigured by the network device, or it can be preconfigured via PC5 signaling (e.g., preconfigured by other UEs).

[0235] Optionally, O3 in the above formula can be predefined (e.g., protocol predefined), preconfigured (e.g., preconfigured by network devices or other UEs), or configured (e.g., configured by network devices or other UEs), for example, O3 = 1, 2, 4, ... For example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication via the Uu interface, then O31 can be preconfigured by the network device. As another example, if the method of this embodiment is applied to communication via SL, then O31 can be preconfigured by the network device, or it can be preconfigured via PC5 signaling (e.g., preconfigured by other UEs).

[0236] Understandably, if multiple antennas are not distributed along a certain dimension (for example, the value of M (M1, M2, or M3) corresponding to that dimension is 1), then the channel response vector or weight vector X along that dimension will be... ni =[1], which is equivalent to W at this time. U The dimension is reduced by one. Additionally, it can be seen that the codewords in the first codebook assume that the antennas are uniformly or equally spaced.

[0237] For example, the antenna array of the first UE is two-dimensional and non-uniformly arranged. Assuming the antenna of the first UE is a dual-polarized antenna, the antenna array is as follows: Figure 9 As shown in a. Figure 9 In diagram 'a', positions with intersecting lines indicate the presence of antennas, while circles without intersecting lines indicate the absence of antennas. The network device can determine the first antenna array based on the first UE's antenna array. The first antenna array can be a uniform array, for example, a two-dimensional array containing, for example, 8T antennas. (See reference...) Figure 9 As shown in b. The number of antennas in the first antenna array is determined, for example, as follows: assuming the reference distance is d, and assuming that the spacing between adjacent antennas in the first UE's antenna array is 2d, 3d, and 2d respectively (refer to...). Figure 9 As shown in (a), the least common factor among these intervals is d. Therefore, d is chosen as the interval between adjacent antennas in the first antenna array, resulting in a first antenna array with 8T antennas. At this time, X n1 For example, the following relationship is satisfied:

[0238]

[0239] X n1 The corresponding first dimension is, for example, the horizontal dimension.

[0240] X corresponds to the vertical dimension (e.g., the second dimension). n2 =[1], then the first codebook can satisfy the following relationship:

[0241]

[0242] S504. The network device determines the first precoding information based on the first codebook.

[0243] The first precoding information is the precoding information used for the first UE. If multiple UEs need precoding, the network device can determine the precoding information for each of the multiple UEs in a similar manner. This embodiment of the application takes the first UE as an example.

[0244] Optionally, the network device can determine the first precoding information based on the first codebook and the first matrix. For example, the first precoding information satisfies the following relationship:

[0245] W = A * W U (Formula 15)

[0246] Where W represents the first precoded information, for example, W is a matrix or vector. A represents the first matrix. W U This represents the first codebook. Optionally, the first matrix has a dimension of a×b, where a represents the actual number of antennas in the first UE and b represents the number of antennas included in the first antenna array. For example, if the actual number of antennas in the first UE is 4T and the number of antennas in the first antenna array is 8T, then the dimension of the first matrix is ​​4×8.

[0247] Optionally, the network device can determine the first matrix. For example, the network device can determine the first matrix based on the first information. For example, if the first information is the first matrix, the network device can directly obtain the first matrix; or, if the first information indicates the antenna configuration of the first UE, the network device can determine the first matrix based on the first information. There are several ways for the network device to determine the first matrix based on the first information, as illustrated in the following examples.

[0248] As an optional implementation method for a network device to determine a first matrix based on first information, the network device can construct the first matrix according to the antenna configuration of the first UE. Optionally, when the antenna of the first UE is a dual-polarized antenna, the dimension of the first matrix is ​​N*N1. N represents the actual number of antennas of the first UE, N = N x *N y *N z*2. N1=N x1 *N y1 *N z1 *2. N x N represents the actual number of antennas for the first UE in the first dimension (e.g., the X-axis). y N represents the actual number of antennas for the first UE in the second dimension (e.g., the Y-axis). z This represents the actual number of antennas for the first UE in the third dimension (e.g., the Z-axis). N x1 N represents the number of antennas in the first antenna array along the first dimension (e.g., the X-axis). y1 N represents the number of antennas in the first antenna array along the second dimension (e.g., the Y-axis). z1 This indicates the number of antennas in the first antenna array in the third dimension (e.g., the Z-axis). Optionally, the first antenna array may be determined based on the antenna array of the first UE.

[0249] For example, the antenna configuration of the first UE is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 In the diagram, the positions with intersecting lines indicate the presence of an antenna, while the positions with circles without intersecting lines indicate the absence of an antenna. Figure 10 In the diagram, 0 to 7 represent the numbers of the eight antennas. The first information, for example, indicates the antenna configuration of the first UE through pattern information. This pattern information, included in the first information, includes, for example, eight sub-information pieces, which are related to… Figure 10 The eight positions from left to right correspond one-to-one, and each of these eight sub-information pieces indicates whether an antenna is deployed at the corresponding position. For example, the pattern information (1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1) indicates that antennas are deployed at positions 1, 3, 6, and 8, and no antennas are deployed at the other positions. However, in reality, the antenna configuration of the first UE is 4×2, so the first matrix is, for example:

[0250] A=[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;

[0251] 0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;

[0252] 0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;

[0253] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;

[0254] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0;

[0255] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0;

[0256] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0;

[0257] 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1]

[0258] Where A represents the first matrix. In this example, N x =4, N y =N z =1. N x1 =8, N y1 =N z1 =1.

[0259] Optionally, when the antenna ports or antenna elements of the first UE are equally spaced, matrix A is an identity matrix.

[0260] If the antenna array of the first UE is a three-dimensional array, the antennas in each dimension can be numbered separately, for example, in the order of horizontal (x), then vertical (y), then three-dimensional (z), and finally the antenna polarization direction. Assuming there is a reference spacing 'a', the spacing between two adjacent antennas can differ by N*a, where N is, for example, a positive integer, meaning the difference between two adjacent antennas is an integer multiple of the reference spacing. For example, if the antenna of the first UE is a dual-polarized antenna, the relationship satisfied by the first codebook can be found in Formula 2; conversely, if the antenna of the first UE is a single-polarized antenna, the relationship satisfied by the first codebook can be found in Formula 1.

[0261] The antenna array of the first UE is a three-dimensional array. The method for determining the first matrix is ​​similar to that of the aforementioned two-dimensional array, that is, the first matrix is ​​constructed according to the antenna shape of the first UE. This will not be elaborated further.

[0262] As another optional implementation method for network devices or terminal devices to determine the first matrix based on the first information, the network device can calculate the first matrix based on the first information.

[0263] Optionally, the first matrix can satisfy the following relationship:

[0264] A MS =A*W U (Formula 16)

[0265] Among them, A MSThis can be referred to as the second matrix, which can be a matrix determined based on the first channel information. The first channel information may be, for example, the channel information corresponding to the first UE or network device, or the channel information corresponding to the channel between the first UE and the network device, or the channel information corresponding to the channel between the first UE and another UE. U Let A represent the first codebook. Let A represent the first matrix. Since the first codebook can be determined based on the first information, and the first matrix is ​​related to the first codebook, it can be assumed that the network device calculates the first matrix based on the first information.

[0266] For example, the channel information of the first UE satisfies the following relationship:

[0267]

[0268] Where H represents the channel information, for example, the downlink channel matrix corresponding to the first UE. K represents the maximum number of paths between the first UE and the network device, and k represents the k-th path between the first UE and the network device. k Let θ represent the complex gain along the k-th path. BS This indicates the azimuth angle of arrival (AoA). This represents the zenith angle of arrival (ZoA). θ MS This represents the azimuth angle of departure (AOD). denoted by zenith angle of departure (ZoD). g represents the complex gain for each path. This represents the base station steering vector. This indicates the terminal conductor information board. (A) BS Let A represent the array manifold of the first UE. MS This represents the array manifold of the network device, A. MS That is, A in Formula 12 MS .

[0269] Optional, W U This is the steering vector corresponding to the first antenna array, for example, the steering vector corresponding to a regularly arranged antenna array. Optionally, A... MSLet W be the steering vector corresponding to the antenna array of the first UE, for example, the steering vector corresponding to an irregularly arranged antenna array. Since the antennas of the first UE may be irregular or non-uniform in shape, the array manifold of an irregular array is no longer in the form of a Vandermonde vector. Therefore, if a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) basis is used for quantization (i.e., let the first codebook be a DFT matrix), it may lead to increased quantization error. Therefore, in this implementation, W can be set as follows: U The first matrix A can be considered as a sampling matrix containing the antenna array distribution information of the first UE. For different irregular arrays, the sampling matrix may be different; therefore, the first codebook can be made universal by changing the sampling matrix A. The basic principle of this implementation can be understood as replacing the codebook basis (i.e., replacing the first codebook with the irregular array steering vector instead of the DFT matrix) and using manifold decomposition to make the codebook basis universal.

[0270] For example, suppose there exists a three-dimensional antenna array with coordinates (x... k ,y k ,z k If the antenna array's steering vector is:

[0271]

[0272] Where, r k =(x k ,y k ,z k () is the position vector. θ represents the azimuth angle. Indicates the pitch angle.

[0273] This represents the direction vector on the unit sphere.

[0274] The spherical harmonic function expansion of a three-dimensional plane wave is:

[0275]

[0276] Where, j l (kr) is the spherical Bessel function. It is a spherical harmonic function. θ k θ represents the spherical coordinate direction of the wave vector k. r , It is the spherical coordinate direction of the position vector r.

[0277] In the above-mentioned guide vector In the middle, assume the wave vector Module length is Position vector r corresponds to rk =(x k ,y k ,z k ),but:

[0278]

[0279]

[0280]

[0281]

[0282]

[0283] This can be understood as follows: in manifold decomposition, the first matrix A can be obtained through... W was obtained. U Then through Characterization.

[0284] As can be seen, in this implementation, the sampling matrix (i.e., the first matrix A) is related to the antenna array configuration of the first UE, for example, it is an inherent parameter of the antenna array, but is independent of the transmission angle. This sampling matrix can be obtained through series expansion.

[0285] In the example above, the first codebook W U The DFT matrix was not used. Alternatively, the first codebook W... U It can also be a DFT matrix. This approach can also be understood as using a mapping matrix (e.g., the first matrix A) to map irregular arrays (e.g., A...). MS A mapping is performed to match the irregular array with the DFT codebook (e.g., the first codebook). In this implementation, W U It can also be represented as D MS The first matrix A can also be represented as G. MS .

[0286] Alternatively, G can be solved using the least squares method (LS). MS For example, G MS The following relationship must be satisfied:

[0287] G LS =A(θ,φ)D(θ,φ) H (D(θ,φ)D(θ,φ) H ) -1 =G LS (θ,φ) (Formula 25)

[0288] Among them, G LS That is, G MS .

[0289] For example, when the antenna array of the first UE is a two-dimensional array, in Let be a vector in D(θ,φ).

[0290]

[0291] That is, the first codebook still possesses the DFT feature at this point.

[0292]

[0293] When the antenna array of the first UE is a three-dimensional array, Among them, formula 21 can be used as follows: The replacement is D(θ,φ). Let be a vector in D(θ,φ,α).

[0294] d(θ)=[1,e jθ ,…,e jθ*(M-1) ]∈C M*1

[0295]

[0296] d(α)=[1,e jα ,…,e α*(Q-1) ]∈C Q*1

[0297] Optionally, the first matrix A can satisfy the following relationship:

[0298] A = argmin || A MS -AW U ‖ (Formula 26)

[0299] Here, ||x|| represents the norm of x. arg min||x|| represents the value of x that minimizes arg min||x||, for example, arg min||A. MS -AW U ‖ indicates that when ‖A MS -AW U When A reaches its minimum value MS -AW U The value of can be taken as follows. Formula 26 can be understood as solving the first matrix A through an optimization problem, or obtaining the optimal solution for the first matrix A.

[0300] Optionally, steps S502 to S504 above can be omitted and replaced with another step: the network device determines the first precoding information based on the first information and the first codebook. Alternatively, steps S502 to S504 above can be replaced with the other step described above.

[0301] S505: The network device sends the second information to the first UE. Correspondingly, the first UE receives the second information.

[0302] The second information may indicate the first precoding information. Optionally, the second information may include the first precoding information, or the second information may also indicate the first precoding information through quantization; there is no limitation on this.

[0303] S506, the UE sends the first data. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first data.

[0304] Optionally, the first precoding information can be applied to the first data.

[0305] Optionally, the first UE can obtain the first data based on the second data, the first precoding information, and the first matrix. The second data is the data to be transmitted, which can be understood as the first UE processing the data to be transmitted based on the first precoding information and the first matrix to obtain the first data, and then transmitting the first data. Optionally, the first data can satisfy the following relationship:

[0306] D1 = W * D2 = A * W U *D2 (Formula 27)

[0307] Where D1 represents the first data, W represents the first pre-encoded information, A represents the first matrix, and D2 represents the second data.

[0308] Optionally, the first UE can determine the first matrix. For example, the first UE can determine the first matrix in a manner similar to that of the network device. For specific methods, please refer to the relevant introduction in S504 regarding the method by which the network device determines the first matrix.

[0309] Optionally, the method may further include S507, whereby the network device decodes the first data based on the first pre-encoded information and / or the first codebook.

[0310] When a network device decodes the first data, it may refer to other information in addition to the first pre-encoded information and / or the first codebook, without any restrictions.

[0311] In this embodiment, since the first precoding information can be determined based on the actual antenna configuration of the first terminal, rather than solely on an ideal antenna array, the first precoding information can be adapted to the antenna configuration of the first terminal, thereby reducing the error of the first precoding information and improving the system transmission capacity. This embodiment also constructs a first codebook, which is both universal and applicable to a wide range of UEs. Furthermore, the first codebook is determined based on the antenna configuration of the UE, enabling it to better adapt to the UE's antenna configuration and thus improving the precoding accuracy of the UE.

[0312] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a device provided in an embodiment of this application is given. The communication device 1100 may be... Figure 5 The network device or its circuitry described in the illustrated embodiment is used to implement the method corresponding to the network device in the above method embodiments. Alternatively, the communication device 1100 may be... Figure 5 The first UE or its circuit system described in the illustrated embodiment is used to implement the method corresponding to the first UE in the above method embodiments. For example, one type of circuit system is a chip system.

[0313] The communication device 1100 includes at least one processor 1101. The processor 1101 can be used for internal processing within the device to implement certain control processing functions. Optionally, the processor 1101 includes instructions. Optionally, the processor 1101 can store data. Optionally, different processors can be independent devices, located in different physical locations, or located on different integrated circuits. Optionally, different processors can be integrated into one or more processors, for example, integrated onto one or more integrated circuits.

[0314] Optionally, the communication device 1100 includes one or more memories 1103 for storing instructions. Optionally, the memories 1103 may also store data. The processor and the memories may be separate or integrated together.

[0315] Optionally, the communication device 1100 includes a communication line 1102 and at least one communication interface 1104. Since the memory 1103, communication line 1102, and communication interface 1104 are all optional, therefore... Figure 11 All are represented by dashed lines.

[0316] Optionally, the communication device 1100 may further include a transceiver and / or an antenna. The transceiver can be used to send information to or receive information from other devices. The transceiver may be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver circuit, input / output interface, etc., and is used to realize the transmission and reception functions of the communication device 1100 via the antenna. Optionally, the transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. For example, the transmitter can be used to generate a radio frequency (RF) signal from a baseband signal, and the receiver can be used to convert the RF signal back into a baseband signal.

[0317] Processor 1101 may include a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of programs according to the present application.

[0318] Communication line 1102 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.

[0319] Communication interface 1104 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), wired access network, etc.

[0320] The memory 1103 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto. The memory 1103 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1101 via communication line 1102. Alternatively, the memory 1103 may be integrated with the processor 1101.

[0321] The memory 1103 stores computer execution instructions for implementing the scheme of this application, and its execution is controlled by the processor 1101. The processor 1101 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1103, thereby realizing... Figure 5 The steps performed by the first UE or network device in the illustrated embodiment.

[0322] Optionally, the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as application code, and the embodiments of this application do not specifically limit this.

[0323] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the processor 1101 may include one or more CPUs, for example... Figure 11 CPU0 and CPU1 in the CPU.

[0324] In a specific implementation, as one embodiment, the communication device 1100 may include multiple processors, for example... Figure 11 Processors 1101 and 1105 are mentioned. Each of these processors can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. A processor here can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0325] when Figure 11 When the device shown is a chip, such as a network device chip or a first UE chip, the chip includes a processor 1101 (and may also include a processor 1105), a communication line 1102, and a communication interface 1104. Optionally, it may include a memory 1103. Specifically, the communication interface 1104 may be an input interface, pins, or circuits, etc. The memory 1103 may be a register, cache, etc. The processor 1101 and processor 1105 may be a general-purpose CPU, microprocessor, ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of a program that controls the communication method of any of the above embodiments.

[0326] This application embodiment can divide the device into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be divided into its own functional modules, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules can be implemented in hardware or as software functional modules. The module division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division; in actual implementation, other division methods may be used. For example, in the case of dividing the device into functional modules corresponding to each function... Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus. The apparatus 1200 may be a network device or a first UE involved in the above-described method embodiments, or a chip in a network device or a chip in a first UE. The apparatus 1200 includes a processing unit 1202 and a transceiver unit 1201. Given that the apparatus 1200 in the embodiments of this application can implement a communication method, the apparatus 1200 may also be referred to as a communication apparatus.

[0327] It should be understood that the device 1200 can be used to implement the steps performed by the network device or the first UE in the communication method of the embodiments of this application, and the relevant features can be referred to above. Figure 5 The embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0328] Optional, Figure 12 The functions / implementation process of the transceiver unit 1201 and the processing unit 1202 can be obtained through Figure 11 The processor 1101 in the memory calls computer execution instructions stored in memory 1103 to implement the function. Alternatively, Figure 12 The function / implementation process of the processing unit 1202 can be achieved through... Figure 11 The processor 1101 in the memory calls computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1103 to implement this. Figure 12 The function / implementation process of the transceiver unit 1201 can be obtained through Figure 11 It is implemented using the communication interface 1104.

[0329] Optionally, when the device 1200 is a chip or circuit, the function / implementation process of the transceiver unit 1201 can also be implemented through pins or circuits. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1201 may include a transmitting unit and / or a receiving unit, wherein the transmitting unit is used to implement the transmitting function and the receiving unit is used to implement the receiving function; or, the transceiver unit 1201 may be an integral module capable of implementing the transmitting and / or receiving functions. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1201 may be implemented using a transceiver.

[0330] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, implement the methods performed by the network device and / or the first UE in the aforementioned method embodiments. Thus, the functions described in the above embodiments can be implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to it, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0331] This application also provides a computer program product comprising: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method executed by the network device and / or the first UE in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0332] This application also provides a processing apparatus, including a processor and an interface; the processor is used to execute the methods executed by the network device and / or the first UE involved in any of the above method embodiments.

[0333] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state disk (SSD)).

[0334] The various illustrative logic units and circuits described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented or operate the described functions using a general-purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP), ASIC, field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor; alternatively, it can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented using a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.

[0335] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of this application can be directly embedded in hardware, software units executed by a processor, or a combination of both. The software units can be stored in RAM, flash memory, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium can be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium can also be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium can be disposed in an ASIC, which can be disposed in the terminal device. Optionally, the processor and storage medium can also be disposed in different components of the terminal device.

[0336] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0337] The contents of the various embodiments of this application can be referenced to each other. Unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0338] It is understood that in the embodiments of this application, the network device and / or the first UE may execute some or all of the steps in the embodiments of this application. These steps or operations are merely examples. In the embodiments of this application, other operations or variations of various operations may also be performed. Furthermore, the steps may be performed in different orders as presented in the embodiments of this application, and it is not necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive the first message; Based on the first information, it is determined that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas are M, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; The first codebook is determined based on the M antennas and their relative positions; The first precoding information is determined based on the first codebook; Send a second message to the first terminal, the second message indicating the first precoded message; Receive the first data; The first data is decoded based on the first pre-encoded information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first information is a first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas of the first terminal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U ; Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W U Let A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, W U It is either the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) matrix or the steering vector corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Matrix A, W U And A MS The following relationship must be satisfied: A=argmin‖A MS -AW U ‖; Where, ||x|| represents the norm of x, and argmin||A MS -AW U ‖ indicates that when ‖A MS -AW U When A reaches its minimum value MS -AW U The value of .

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas include: The first information indicates the distance between the M antennas, and the distance is used to indicate the relative position between the M antennas.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first precoding information satisfies the following relationship: W=A*W U ; Where W represents the first precoding information, W U Let A represent the first codebook, and let A represent the first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, If the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, If the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3 These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ1 represents the phase or angle, and N1 represents the maximum number of antennas in the first dimension.

11. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ2 represents the phase or angle, and N2 represents the maximum number of antennas in the second dimension.

12. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ3 represents the phase or angle, and N3 represents the maximum number of antennas in the third dimension.

13. A communication method, characterized in that, The method includes: Send first information, the first information indicating that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; Receive second information, which indicates the first precoded information; First data is transmitted, wherein the first data is obtained based on second data, the first precoding information, and a first matrix, the first matrix being determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas.

15. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first information is a first matrix, which is determined based on the relative positions of the M antennas of the first terminal.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first information indicates that the first terminal contains M antennas, and the relative positions of the M antennas include: The first information includes the distance between the M antennas, which is used to indicate the relative positions of the M antennas.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The first matrix satisfies the following relationship: A MS =A*W U ; Among them, A MS It is determined based on the channel information corresponding to the first terminal, W U Let A represent the first codebook and let A represent the first matrix.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that, W U It is either the DFT matrix or the steering vector corresponding to the antenna of the first terminal.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, Matrix A, W U And A MS The following relationship must be satisfied: A=argmin‖A MS -AW U ‖; Where, ||x|| represents the norm of x, and argmin||A MS -AW U ‖ indicates that when ‖A MS -AW U When A reaches its minimum value MS -AW U The value of .

20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that, The M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in three orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are single-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, The M antennas are distributed in two orthogonal dimensions, and the M antennas are dual-polarized antennas. Then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, If the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are single-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: or, If the M antennas are distributed along an orthogonal dimension and are dual-polarized antennas, then the first codebook satisfies the following relationship: Among them, W U X represents the first codebook. n1 X n2 X n3 These represent the channel response vectors in three orthogonal dimensions, where I1 represents the 1×1 identity matrix and I2 represents the 2×2 identity matrix. It represents the Kronecker product.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, X n1 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ1 represents the phase or angle, and N1 represents the number of antennas located in the first dimension among the M antennas.

22. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, X n2 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ2 represents the phase or angle, and N2 represents the number of antennas located in the second dimension among the M antennas.

23. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that, X n3 The following relationship must be satisfied: Where θ3 represents the phase or angle, and N3 represents the number of antennas located in the third dimension among the M antennas.

24. An apparatus, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or a module for performing the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

25. An apparatus, characterized in that, The apparatus includes a processor for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23.

26. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed, causes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 to be performed or implemented, or causes the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23 to be performed or implemented.

27. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run, it causes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 to be executed or implemented, or causes the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 23 to be executed or implemented.

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