A method for optical fiber relay communication and a system thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of optical fiber relay communication method and system, it is related to the technical field of electric communication technique.The wireless module establishes service end monitoring according to configuration parameter, informs feeder terminal unit online after receiving main station link request, and forwards data according to data processing logic;Optical fiber relay equipment connects feeder terminal unit according to configuration request, and sends optical fiber heartbeat packet in time, informs on-line information;When wireless module is connected with the first main station, after receiving the connection request of the second main station, it actively disconnects with the first main station, and after making feeder terminal unit disconnect the first main station connection through heartbeat packet, wireless module is connected with the second main station, and informs feeder terminal unit online and synchronizes with the second main station.Solve the problem that the existing technology is insufficient in remote mountainous area wireless signal coverage, cannot realize optical fiber and wireless cooperation communication, lack of buffer mechanism, achieve the purpose of low construction and maintenance cost, high reliability and adapt to mountainous terrain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of electrical communication technology, and more particularly to an apparatus utilizing optical fiber transmission. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the growth of energy demand and the advancement of technology, smart grids have gradually become a research hotspot and development direction in the global power industry. Smart grids integrate advanced sensing, communication, and computing technologies to achieve automated, information-based, and intelligent management of power systems. Among these, the distribution network FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit), as a crucial component of the smart grid, undertakes the critical tasks of real-time monitoring of grid operation status, data collection, and execution of remote control commands.

[0003] However, in complex geographical environments such as mountainous areas, traditional wireless communication technologies struggle to achieve comprehensive coverage due to terrain obstacles and signal attenuation. Wireless communication between FTU equipment and the master station is often limited, leading to unstable data transmission, increased latency, and impacting the efficiency of power grid monitoring and management. While wired communication (such as fiber optic communication) offers advantages like high bandwidth, low latency, and high reliability, laying fiber optic cables across the entire city is costly, difficult to construct, and inconvenient to maintain.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent CN104639245B discloses a novel fiber-optic wireless communication method for underground coal mines, providing the following technical solution: This invention provides a novel fiber-optic wireless communication method for underground coal mines, comprising the following steps: laying fiber optic cables in segments along the underground coal mine, with a certain distance between each segment; connecting wireless transceiver devices or communication control devices at both ends of the laid fiber optic cables; connecting the beginning of the first fiber optic segment to a communication control device and / or the end of the last fiber optic segment to a communication control device; connecting both ends of each intermediate fiber optic segment, the end of the first fiber optic segment, and the beginning of the last fiber optic segment to wireless transceiver devices or communication control devices with wireless transceiver functions; and setting up devices for wireless data transmission around the wireless transceiver devices between any two adjacent fiber optic segments. The communication control device is a data server or other processing device with data storage, data forwarding, and data processing capabilities. This invention reduces fiber optic cable laying, increases data access capacity along the fiber optic cable route, and is more suitable for applications with narrow underground tunnels and limited space. However, the aforementioned new fiber-optic wireless communication method for underground coal mines does not support signal conversion in mountainous areas via fiber optic repeater equipment, nor does it support multi-master station switching, priority buffering, and dynamic disconnection recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems of insufficient wireless signal coverage in remote mountainous areas, inability to achieve fiber optic and wireless communication, lack of support for multi-master station switching, difficulty in recovering from lost connections, and lack of buffering mechanisms in existing technologies. It proposes a fiber optic relay communication method and system, achieving the goals of low construction and maintenance costs, high reliability, flexible buffering, intelligent maintenance, and adaptability to mountainous terrain.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for fiber optic relay communication includes the following steps: The wireless module establishes a server listening position according to the configuration parameters. After receiving a connection request from the master station, it notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and forwards data according to the data processing logic. The fiber optic repeater connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request and sends fiber optic heartbeat packets periodically to inform the feeder terminal unit of online / offline information. When the wireless module is normally connected to the first master station, it receives a connection request from the second master station, actively disconnects from the first master station, and sends a heartbeat packet to the feeder terminal unit to disconnect from the first master station. Then, the wireless module connects to the second master station and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and synchronize with the second master station.

[0007] The dual master station dynamic switching is achieved through server-side monitoring and heartbeat mechanism to ensure high reliability of master station connection in mountainous environments; the fiber optic and wireless dual-channel cooperation mechanism effectively solves the problem of insufficient signal coverage, while master station conflicts are avoided through link status synchronization.

[0008] A fiber optic relay communication system includes: a feeder terminal unit, a fiber optic relay device, and a master station. The feeder terminal unit is located at the power distribution network site and is responsible for collecting power grid data and executing control commands. The fiber optic relay device is located around the feeder terminal unit and is responsible for receiving optical signals sent by the feeder terminal unit and converting them into wireless signals for transmission to the master station. The master station is located at the control center and is responsible for receiving and processing the data sent by the feeder terminal unit and sending control commands to the feeder terminal unit.

[0009] A layered system architecture is constructed, which solves the signal attenuation problem through short-distance fiber optic transmission and reduces the deployment cost by utilizing the wide-area coverage characteristics of wireless.

[0010] Preferably, when the wireless module is normally communicating with the first master station, the specific steps for receiving a connection request from the second master station are as follows: S1: During the normal communication connection between the wireless module and the first master station, a link request is received from the second master station; S2: Determine whether the link request from the second main site is triggered by reasons including network switching or failure of the first main site; S3: The wireless module actively disconnects from the first master station and notifies the feeder terminal unit through the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism that the first master station has dropped the connection. After receiving the notification, the feeder terminal unit actively disconnects from the first master station. S4: The wireless module accepts the link request from the second master station and establishes a new communication connection. The wireless module notifies the feeder terminal unit through the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism that the second master station has come online. After receiving the notification, the feeder terminal unit adds the second master station to the network and prepares to receive data and control commands from the second master station. S5: The wireless module establishes a stable communication connection with the second master station, and the feeder terminal unit goes online and keeps synchronized with the master station.

[0011] By actively disconnecting the original connection and synchronizing the status mechanism, data is ensured not to be lost during the switching process; the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism ensures strict synchronization between the FTU and the master station status, avoiding command conflicts caused by simultaneous operation of two master stations.

[0012] Preferably, after forwarding data according to the data processing logic, it is necessary to determine whether the wireless connection has been interrupted. If so, the original wireless channel is disconnected, a new wireless channel is opened for monitoring, and the fiber optic device master station is notified of a disconnection alarm. If not, the process returns to the step of forwarding data according to the data processing logic.

[0013] A closed-loop detection mechanism is established to quickly restore communication through channel reconstruction, minimizing communication interruption time. The disconnection alarm mechanism can also help maintenance personnel locate the fault point in a timely manner.

[0014] Preferably, after periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and informing users of online / offline information, it is necessary to determine whether the heartbeat has timed out or whether the fiber optic link has been disconnected. If either is true, the wireless link is disconnected, the Ethernet service is restarted, and the process returns to the step of requesting connection to the feeder terminal unit. If neither is true, the communication is normal, and the process returns to the step of periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and informing users of online / offline information.

[0015] Dual link status detection (heartbeat packet + physical layer detection) improves the accuracy of fault diagnosis, restarting Ethernet services and reconnection mechanisms ensure the system's self-healing ability and reduce the frequency of manual intervention.

[0016] Preferably, after the fiber optic repeater connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request, it needs to determine whether the fiber optic link is successful. If so, it periodically sends fiber optic heartbeat packets and informs users of the online / offline information. If not, it checks the parameter configuration and fiber optic line and returns to the step of requesting to connect to the feeder terminal unit.

[0017] Establish a connection verification closed loop, quickly eliminate configuration errors through parameter self-check and line diagnosis, improve the success rate of equipment deployment, and the cyclic retry mechanism can adapt to the complex deployment environment in mountainous areas.

[0018] Preferably, after receiving the master station connection request, the wireless module needs to determine whether the fiber optic communication is normal. If so, it accepts the master station's wireless connection request and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online. If not, it rejects the master station connection request and returns to the server listening step.

[0019] Precondition verification is set up to avoid establishing invalid wireless connections when the fiber channel is abnormal. The designed rejection mechanism reduces the use of invalid resources and improves the overall operating efficiency of the system.

[0020] Preferably, the fiber optic repeater includes a data receiving and processing module. The data receiving and processing module processes the fiber optic communication process and the wireless communication process through an error detection and correction mechanism. Specifically, it creates multiple buffers at different levels for both fiber optic and wireless communication, with each buffer corresponding to a different priority. It also classifies and stores different types of data according to business needs and sets the size of each buffer according to the expected maximum data flow to ensure that it can accommodate sudden data volumes without overflow.

[0021] The multi-level buffer design enables hierarchical protection of services, prioritizes the transmission of critical control commands, prevents data overflow through traffic prediction mechanisms, and improves transmission reliability by combining error detection.

[0022] Preferably, when the data receiving and processing module receives a data frame through an optical fiber or wireless interface, it first parses the header information to determine the priority of the data frame, and then allocates the data frame to the corresponding priority buffer according to the parsing result. If a buffer is close to full, an early warning mechanism is activated to prepare for further measures such as increasing temporary buffer space or adjusting the priority strategy. Data frames are retrieved from each buffer for processing, with data in high-priority buffers processed first, and medium and low-priority data processed gradually if resources permit. For wireless data, lost data frames are checked more frequently and retransmitted in a timely manner. Once a buffer reaches its capacity limit, the system automatically triggers an emergency response mechanism, including pausing the writing of new data until there is enough free space, or reducing the data flow rate of other lower-priority tasks to free up resources for higher-priority tasks.

[0023] The dynamic priority adjustment mechanism optimizes bandwidth utilization to ensure critical services, the differentiated retransmission strategy matches the reliability characteristics of different media, and the intelligent flow control mechanism prevents system overload and crashes.

[0024] Preferably, the fiber optic repeater also includes an equipment maintenance module, a disconnection recovery logic module, and a power management module. The equipment maintenance module is responsible for firmware updates and viewing operation logs, recording all key operations and fault information during equipment operation. The disconnection recovery logic module uses a heartbeat mechanism and a timeout mechanism to periodically check the link status, and triggers the corresponding recovery process immediately upon detecting an anomaly. The power management module is responsible for battery charging and discharging management and low-power mode.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows.

[0026] 1. This invention significantly improves communication reliability in complex mountainous environments through a dual-master station dynamic switching mechanism and fiber optic heartbeat packet synchronization technology. The logical design of the wireless module actively disconnecting its original connection and synchronizing the FTU state ensures that critical commands are not lost during master station switching and avoids command conflicts between the two masters. The fiber optic and wireless dual-channel collaborative mode combined with link self-testing enables rapid fault location and recovery. The multi-level redundancy design is particularly suitable for remote mountainous areas with complex terrain and severe signal attenuation, solving the systemic risks caused by single-link dependence in traditional solutions.

[0027] 2. The multi-level buffer and dynamic priority strategy of this invention achieves hierarchical protection of service data and optimal allocation of bandwidth resources. By parsing the data frame header information for priority classification, high-priority control commands can bypass the congestion queue and directly reach the processing module, significantly reducing response latency. The differentiated retransmission strategy is optimized for the transmission characteristics of different media, resulting in a significant reduction in the packet loss rate of the wireless channel. The intelligent flow control mechanism automatically triggers an emergency response when the buffer is full, ensuring that the system can maintain core functions even under sudden traffic surges. This dynamic resource allocation capability enables the system to maximize throughput under the limited network resources in mountainous areas.

[0028] 3. The integrated design of the device maintenance module and power management in this invention significantly reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance in mountainous environments. Remote log viewing and firmware update functions allow technicians to complete most fault diagnosis and repairs without being physically present on-site. The disconnection recovery logic module achieves real-time monitoring of link status through a heartbeat mechanism, combined with parameter self-checking functions, reducing operation and maintenance response time. Low-power mode and intelligent battery charging and discharging management will significantly extend the device's battery life, effectively addressing the problem of unstable power supply in mountainous areas. These designs enable the system to be adapted to unattended environments, significantly reducing manual maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a logical flowchart illustrating the fiber optic relay and master station wireless communication in a fiber optic relay communication method according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2This is a flowchart of the fiber optic repeater equipment and FTU fiber optic channel for a fiber optic repeater communication method according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the dual-master station connection logic processing of a fiber optic relay communication method according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a hardware block diagram of an optical fiber relay device in an optical fiber relay communication system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The proportions of the components are not drawn to scale, and the proportions and dimensions shown in the drawings should not limit the essential technical solutions of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to merely the specific embodiments described.

[0034] See Figure 1-4 As shown, a method for fiber optic relay communication includes the following steps: The wireless module establishes a server listening position according to the configuration parameters. After receiving a connection request from the master station, it notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and forwards data according to the data processing logic. The fiber optic repeater connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request and sends fiber optic heartbeat packets periodically to inform the feeder terminal unit of online / offline information. When the wireless module is normally connected to the first master station, it receives a connection request from the second master station, actively disconnects from the first master station, and sends a heartbeat packet to the feeder terminal unit to disconnect from the first master station. Then, the wireless module connects to the second master station and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and synchronize with the second master station.

[0035] A fiber optic relay communication system includes: a feeder terminal unit, a fiber optic relay device, and a master station. The feeder terminal unit is located at the power distribution network site and is responsible for collecting power grid data and executing control commands. The fiber optic relay device is located around the feeder terminal unit and is responsible for receiving optical signals sent by the feeder terminal unit and converting them into wireless signals for transmission to the master station. The master station is located at the control center and is responsible for receiving and processing the data sent by the feeder terminal unit and sending control commands to the feeder terminal unit.

[0036] like Figure 1 In one embodiment shown, Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating the logical process of wireless communication between the fiber optic repeater and the master station in a fiber optic repeater communication method according to the present invention. The wireless module establishes a server-side listening mechanism according to configuration parameters. Upon receiving a connection request from the master station, it determines whether the fiber optic communication is normal. If so, it accepts the master station's wireless connection request and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online, forwarding data according to the data processing logic. If not, it rejects the master station's connection request and returns to the server-side listening step. After forwarding data according to the data processing logic, it needs to determine whether the wireless connection has been interrupted. If so, it disconnects the original wireless channel, opens a new wireless channel for listening, and notifies the fiber optic side device of a master station disconnection alarm. If not, it returns to the step of forwarding data according to the data processing logic.

[0037] Specifically, the logical flow of wireless communication between the fiber optic repeater and the master station is as follows: 1. The wireless module establishes a TCP server listening mechanism according to the configuration parameters: The wireless module first starts the TCP server according to the pre-configured parameters and begins listening for connection requests. This step prepares for establishing a communication connection with the master station, ensuring that the device can receive connection requests from the master station.

[0038] 2. Wireless module receives connection request from master station: When the wireless module receives a connection request from the master station, the process proceeds to the next step.

[0039] 3. Determine if fiber optic communication is normal: The system checks the communication status of the fiber optic end. If the fiber optic communication is normal, proceed to step 4 to receive the master station connection request; if the fiber optic communication is abnormal, reject the master station connection request and return to step 1 to listen again. This step ensures that a connection is established with the master station only when the fiber optic communication is normal, ensuring the reliability of data transmission.

[0040] 4. Accept the master station's wireless connection request and notify the fiber optic FTU that the master station is online: Accept the master station's wireless connection request and notify the fiber optic FTU (feeder terminal unit) equipment that the master station is online. This informs the FTU equipment of the master station's status so that subsequent data interaction can proceed.

[0041] 5. Forward data according to data processing logic: Based on the preset data processing logic, forward data from the master station to the FTU or other relevant devices. Achieve accurate data transmission between the master station and the FTU.

[0042] 6. Has the wireless connection been interrupted? Check the status of the wireless connection. If the wireless connection is not interrupted, return to step 5 to continue forwarding data; if the wireless connection is interrupted, proceed to step 7. Regularly check the wireless connection status so that appropriate measures can be taken in case of connection interruption.

[0043] 7. Disconnect the original wireless channel, open a new wireless channel for monitoring, and notify the fiber optic side equipment of the master station disconnection alarm: Disconnect the current wireless connection channel, open a new wireless channel and start listening for new connection requests. At the same time, send a master station disconnection alarm message to the fiber optic side equipment. Ensure that the connection can be restored as soon as possible when the wireless connection is interrupted, and notify the relevant equipment of the master station status change.

[0044] like Figure 2 In one embodiment shown, Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the fiber optic repeater device and FTU fiber optic channel in a fiber optic repeater communication method according to the present invention. The fiber optic repeater device connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request and periodically sends fiber optic heartbeat packets to indicate connection status. After periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and indicating connection status, it needs to determine whether the heartbeat has timed out or whether the fiber optic link has been disconnected. If either is true, the wireless link is disconnected, the Ethernet service is restarted, and the process returns to the step of requesting connection to the feeder terminal unit. If neither is true, communication is normal, and the process returns to the step of periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and indicating connection status.

[0045] Specifically, the logical steps for fiber optic repeater equipment and FTU fiber channel are as follows: 1. The process is initiated, and the fiber optic repeater begins to attempt to establish a fiber optic connection with the FTU.

[0046] 2. The fiber optic repeater, acting as a TCP client, actively initiates a connection request to the FTU based on preset configuration parameters (such as IP address and port number). The device waits for the FTU's response to confirm whether the connection has been successfully established.

[0047] 3. The system checks whether the fiber optic connection has been successfully established. If yes: connection successful, continue to the next step. If no: connection failed, proceed to "Check parameter configuration and fiber optic line".

[0048] 4. If the fiber optic connection fails, the system checks the following possible causes: Are the configuration parameters correct (e.g., IP address, port number, protocol type, etc.)? Is the fiber optic line functioning properly (e.g., is the fiber optic cable damaged, or is the connection loose)? Based on the check results, the system attempts to reconfigure or fix the problem and re-initiates the connection request.

[0049] 5. After a successful fiber optic connection, the fiber optic repeater equipment periodically sends heartbeat packets to the FTU. The heartbeat packets contain the equipment's status information (such as online, offline, fault, etc.) to inform the FTU of the real-time status of the fiber optic connection.

[0050] 6. The system checks if the heartbeat packet has timed out or if the fiber optic connection has been disconnected. If yes: the heartbeat timed out or the connection was disconnected, the system redirects to "Reject Master Station Connection Request". If no: the heartbeat is normal, and the fiber optic connection continues to be maintained.

[0051] 7. If the heartbeat times out or the fiber optic connection is lost, the system will disconnect the wireless connection to avoid resource conflicts caused by simultaneous operation of wireless and fiber optic connections. The system will restart the Ethernet service to ensure that the Ethernet interface can be used normally, providing a stable channel for subsequent data transmission.

[0052] 8. If the fiber optic connection is successful and the heartbeat is normal, the system confirms that the fiber optic channel is normal and starts to run in a loop.

[0053] like Figure 3 In one embodiment shown, Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the dual-master station connection logic of a fiber optic repeater communication method according to the present invention. When the wireless module maintains normal communication with the first master station, if a connection request from the second master station (Master Station B) is detected, the system first determines the triggering reason (such as network switching or master station failure), then actively disconnects from the first master station, and synchronizes the feeder terminal unit (FTU) status through a fiber optic heartbeat mechanism to ensure that the FTU synchronously disconnects the original connection. After a new communication connection is established, the wireless module again notifies the FTU to come online as the second master station through the heartbeat mechanism, completing the master station switchover and synchronizing the commands of the FTU and the new master station. Through the active switching and status synchronization mechanism, it ensures that commands are not lost during the master station switchover process, avoiding control conflicts caused by parallel operation of the two master stations. The fiber optic heartbeat mechanism ensures strict synchronization between the FTU and the master station status, improving the real-time performance and reliability of power grid control, and is particularly suitable for mountainous areas or complex communication environments requiring dynamic master station switching.

[0054] Specifically, the steps for handling the dual-master station connection logic are as follows: 1. The wireless module first establishes a normal communication connection with the main station A to ensure the stability and real-time performance of data transmission.

[0055] 2. During normal communication, the wireless module receives a connection request from master station B. This connection request from master station B may be triggered due to network switching, master station A malfunction, or other reasons.

[0056] 3. The wireless module actively disconnects from master station A to ensure that master station B's link requests can be processed promptly. The wireless module notifies the FTU (Fiber Optic Terminal Unit) on the fiber optic side via the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism, informing it that master station A has gone offline. Upon receiving the notification, the FTU actively disconnects from master station A to ensure network status synchronization.

[0057] 4. The wireless module accepts the link request from master station B and establishes a new communication connection. The wireless module notifies the FTU device on the fiber optic side via the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism, informing it that master station B has come online. Upon receiving the notification, the FTU device adds master station B to the network and prepares to receive data and control commands from master station B.

[0058] 5. The wireless module establishes a stable communication connection with the master station B, ensuring the real-time performance and reliability of data transmission. The FTU device is online and synchronized with the master station B, completing the entire connection switchover process.

[0059] This invention significantly improves the reliability of power grid communication in complex mountainous environments through a dual-mode "fiber optic + wireless" communication architecture and a multi-level state synchronization mechanism. The fiber optic repeater, acting as the core hub, uses fiber optic heartbeat packets to monitor link status in real time, combined with TCP server monitoring to achieve dynamic redundancy switching of the wireless channel. When the wireless signal is interrupted due to terrain obstruction or interference, the system automatically triggers a channel reconstruction mechanism: disconnecting the original wireless connection, restarting the Ethernet service, and starting new channel monitoring, significantly shortening communication recovery time and improving fault recovery efficiency compared to traditional solutions. The dual-master station dynamic switching logic, through actively disconnecting the original connection and the FTU state synchronization mechanism, ensures that critical control commands are not lost during master station switching, effectively avoiding power grid command conflicts caused by concurrent operation of two master stations.

[0060] like Figure 4 In one embodiment shown, Figure 4 This is a hardware block diagram of an optical fiber repeater device in an optical fiber repeater communication system according to the present invention. The optical fiber repeater communication system designed according to the present invention specifically includes: FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit) is located at the distribution network site and is responsible for collecting grid data and executing control commands. Fiber optic repeater equipment, located near the FTU, is responsible for receiving optical signals sent by the FTU and converting them into wireless signals to be sent to the master station; The master station, located in the control center, is responsible for receiving and processing data sent by the FTU and sending control commands to the FTU.

[0061] The fiber optic repeater equipment is the core component of this system, and its main functions include: The data receiving and processing module includes both fiber optic and wireless communication processes, ensuring the reliability and stability of data transmission and incorporating error detection and correction mechanisms. This module creates multi-level buffers for both fiber optic and wireless communication, each with a different priority level, categorizing and storing different types of data according to business needs. High-priority buffers store critical data requiring immediate processing, such as emergency control commands; medium-priority buffers store relatively important data that can be processed with some delay; and low-priority buffers store non-critical data that can be processed later. The size of each buffer is set based on the expected maximum data flow to ensure it can accommodate sudden data surges without overflow. When a data frame is received via the fiber optic or wireless interface, its header information is first parsed to determine its priority, and then the data frame is allocated to the corresponding priority buffer based on the parsing result. If a buffer is nearing full capacity, an early warning mechanism is activated, preparing to take further measures such as increasing temporary buffer space or adjusting priority strategies. Data frames are retrieved from each buffer for processing, prioritizing data in high-priority buffers to ensure critical business operations are not affected, and then progressively processing medium and low-priority data, provided resources allow. For fiber optic data, due to its high reliability, the retransmission frequency is low; for wireless data, considering potential interference, lost data frames need to be checked more frequently and retransmitted promptly. Once a buffer reaches its capacity limit, the system should automatically trigger an emergency response mechanism, such as pausing the writing of new data until there is enough free space; or reducing the data flow rate of other lower priority tasks to free up resources for higher priority tasks.

[0062] Equipment maintenance module: Used for firmware updates, viewing operation logs, and recording all critical operations and fault information during equipment operation. The equipment is equipped with a maintenance serial port, allowing technicians to remotely log in and perform operations such as firmware updates and log viewing. The system automatically generates operation logs, recording all important operational events and anomalies. These logs help technicians quickly locate the root cause of problems and improve maintenance efficiency.

[0063] The disconnection recovery logic module periodically checks the link status using heartbeat and timeout mechanisms, triggering the corresponding recovery process immediately upon detecting an anomaly. The relay device periodically sends heartbeat packets to the master station to monitor the connection status. If the master station is detected to be offline (i.e., no expected heartbeat response is received), a reconnection attempt is initiated, attempting to re-establish the connection with the master station at preset time intervals until successful. The system continuously monitors the fiber optic link status; upon detecting a link interruption, an alarm mechanism is immediately triggered and the fault time is recorded. For data in transmission, if the fiber optic link is suddenly interrupted, the device immediately stores the data in local memory. When the fiber optic link is restored, the system automatically checks and resumes transmission of unfinished data from the point of interruption.

[0064] Power management module: Used for battery charging and discharging management and low-power mode, ensuring that the device can operate efficiently and stably in different working scenarios, reducing energy consumption and extending the service life of the device.

[0065] By employing multi-level buffers and dynamic priority strategies, a tiered service protection system is implemented, solving the challenge of prioritizing critical service transmission in mountainous areas with limited bandwidth. The data receiving and processing module divides services into high, medium, and low priority queues based on the data frame header parsing results. High-priority data is processed directly through a dedicated buffer, significantly reducing response latency and meeting the real-time requirements of power system protection actions. Addressing the high bit error rate of wireless channels, an intelligent flow control mechanism automatically triggers emergency responses in sudden traffic surges. When the buffer load is high, a priority preemption strategy is activated, suspending non-critical data acquisition to ensure the transmission bandwidth of core control commands.

[0066] In an application embodiment, to verify the practical effect of the "fiber optic + wireless" dual-mode communication strategy, a pilot device was successfully deployed on pole number 14 above Quzhou. This pilot project aimed to verify in the field the solution's ability to improve the wireless signal coverage of FTU equipment, particularly focusing on its effect on improving data transmission stability and online rate during actual operation, and was successful.

[0067] In summary, this invention proposes a fiber optic repeater communication system and method that combines the advantages of fiber optics and wireless communication. In environments with weak wireless signals, data is first collected and preliminarily processed at the FTU device, and then transmitted via fiber optic cable to the fiber optic repeater device. At the fiber optic repeater device, the data is converted into a wireless signal format and then sent to the main station via the wireless network. In remote mountainous areas, due to complex terrain and long distances, wireless signal propagation is easily interfered with, leading to insufficient signal coverage, unstable data transmission, and problems such as packet loss and delays. This is because mountainous terrain such as mountains and valleys can block the propagation path of wireless signals, weakening signal strength, while multipath effects and other factors can also degrade signal quality. Laying fiber optic cables across the entire network is costly, including material costs, labor costs, and construction costs. This is because the complex terrain in mountainous areas requires overcoming many difficulties when laying fiber optic cables, such as laying lines on steep slopes and crossing rivers, increasing construction difficulty and costs. Furthermore, subsequent maintenance and repair work is difficult; once a fault occurs, locating and repairing the fault point requires a significant amount of manpower and resources. Find a location with stable wireless signal within a few kilometers of the FTU in the mountainous area to place fiber optic repeater equipment, improve the wireless signal, and solve the problem of insufficient signal coverage caused by interference in wireless signal propagation in remote mountainous areas.

[0068] Compared to all-fiber solutions, this approach utilizes existing wireless network infrastructure, reducing the total length of fiber optic cable laying and significantly lowering construction costs. Simultaneously, maintenance points for the fiber optic communication system are concentrated within a short distance, facilitating regular inspections and maintenance, thus reducing maintenance costs. Therefore, this invention can improve the reliability of power grid operation, reduce packet loss rates, increase equipment online rates, enhance data transmission stability, and improve power supply in remote areas. Furthermore, it can reduce construction and maintenance costs. By laying fiber optic cables over short distances (1-5 kilometers), the total cost of fiber optic cable laying can be significantly reduced. The concentration of maintenance points for the fiber optic communication system within a short distance facilitates regular inspections and maintenance, reducing maintenance costs. The wireless communication portion can utilize existing wireless network infrastructure, further saving construction costs.

[0069] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any changes made to its shape or material composition, or any structural design using the methods provided by this invention, are considered variations of this invention and should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for fiber optic relay communication, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The wireless module establishes a server listening position according to the configuration parameters. After receiving a connection request from the master station, it notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and forwards data according to the data processing logic. The fiber optic repeater connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request and sends fiber optic heartbeat packets periodically to inform the user of online / offline information. When the wireless module is normally connected to the first master station, after receiving a connection request from the second master station, it actively disconnects from the first master station and causes the feeder terminal unit to disconnect from the first master station via a heartbeat packet. Then, the wireless module connects to the second master station and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online and synchronize with the second master station.

2. The method for optical fiber relay communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wireless module is normally connected to the first master station, the specific steps for receiving a connection request from the second master station are as follows: S1: During the normal communication connection between the wireless module and the first master station, a link request is received from the second master station; S2: Determine whether the link request from the second main site is triggered by reasons including network switching or failure of the first main site; S3: The wireless module actively disconnects from the first master station and notifies the feeder terminal unit through the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism that the first master station has dropped the connection. After receiving the notification, the feeder terminal unit actively disconnects from the first master station. S4: The wireless module accepts the link request from the second master station and establishes a new communication connection. The wireless module notifies the feeder terminal unit through the fiber optic heartbeat mechanism that the second master station has come online. After receiving the notification, the feeder terminal unit adds the second master station to the network and prepares to receive data and control commands from the second master station. S5: The wireless module establishes a stable communication connection with the second master station, and the feeder terminal unit goes online and keeps synchronized with the master station.

3. A method for optical fiber relay communication according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, After forwarding data according to the data processing logic, it is necessary to determine whether the wireless connection has been interrupted. If so, the original wireless channel is disconnected, a new wireless channel is opened for monitoring, and the fiber optic side device master station is notified of a disconnection alarm. If not, the process returns to the step of forwarding data according to the data processing logic.

4. A method for optical fiber relay communication according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, After periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and informing users of online / offline information, it is necessary to determine whether the heartbeat has timed out or whether the fiber optic link has been disconnected. If either is true, the wireless link is disconnected, the Ethernet service is restarted, and the process returns to the step of requesting connection to the feeder terminal unit. If neither is true, the communication is normal, and the process returns to the step of periodically sending fiber optic heartbeat packets and informing users of online / offline information.

5. The method for optical fiber relay communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the fiber optic repeater connects to the feeder terminal unit according to the configuration request, it needs to determine whether the fiber optic link is successful. If it is, it sends fiber optic heartbeat packets periodically and informs the online / offline information. If not, it checks the parameter configuration and fiber optic line and returns to the step of requesting to connect to the feeder terminal unit.

6. The method for optical fiber relay communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the master station's connection request, the wireless module needs to determine whether the fiber optic communication is normal. If so, it accepts the master station's wireless connection request and notifies the feeder terminal unit to go online. If not, it rejects the master station's connection request and returns to the server listening step.

7. A fiber optic relay communication system, employing the fiber optic relay communication method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a feeder terminal unit, an optical fiber repeater, and a master station. The feeder terminal unit is located at the distribution network site and is responsible for collecting grid data and executing control commands. The optical fiber repeater is located around the feeder terminal unit and is responsible for receiving optical signals sent by the feeder terminal unit and converting them into wireless signals to be sent to the master station. The master station is located in the control center and is responsible for receiving and processing the data sent by the feeder terminal unit and sending control commands to the feeder terminal unit.

8. The optical fiber relay communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fiber optic repeater includes a data receiving and processing module. The data receiving and processing module processes the fiber optic communication process and the wireless communication process through an error detection and correction mechanism. Specifically, it creates multiple buffers at different levels for both fiber optic and wireless communication, with each buffer corresponding to a different priority. It classifies and stores different types of data according to business needs and sets the size of each buffer according to the expected maximum data flow to ensure that it can accommodate sudden data volumes without overflow.

9. A fiber optic relay communication system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, When the data receiving and processing module receives a data frame through an optical fiber or wireless interface, it first parses the header information to determine the priority of the data frame, and then allocates the data frame to the corresponding priority buffer according to the parsing result. If a buffer is close to full, an early warning mechanism is activated to prepare for further measures such as increasing temporary buffer space or adjusting the priority strategy. Data frames are retrieved from each buffer for processing, with data in high-priority buffers processed first, and medium and low-priority data processed gradually if resources permit. For wireless data, lost data frames are checked more frequently and retransmitted in a timely manner. Once a buffer reaches its capacity limit, the system automatically triggers an emergency response mechanism, including pausing the writing of new data until there is enough free space, or reducing the data flow rate of other lower-priority tasks to free up resources for higher-priority tasks.

10. A fiber optic relay communication system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fiber optic repeater also includes an equipment maintenance module, a disconnection recovery logic module, and a power management module. The equipment maintenance module is responsible for firmware updates and viewing operation logs, recording all critical operations and fault information during equipment operation. The disconnection recovery logic module uses a heartbeat mechanism and a timeout mechanism to periodically check the link status, and triggers the corresponding recovery process immediately upon detecting an anomaly. The power management module is responsible for battery charging and discharging management and low-power mode.

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