A method and system for automatic adjustment of a dental operating table light source

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of light source adjustment, and particularly relates to a dental operating table light source automatic adjustment method and system, which comprises the following steps: collecting doctor operation strength data, instrument replacement data and hand movement trajectory data in real time, and performing data preprocessing to form a standardized time sequence characteristic matrix; calculating stage evolution characteristic indexes based on the time sequence characteristic matrix, constructing a stage probability distribution function, and performing weighted fusion on preset illumination parameters of each stage of the current operation type based on the probability value output by the stage probability distribution function to obtain dynamic illumination parameters; using a smoothing factor to perform weighted smoothing on the dynamic illumination parameters and the obtained historical illumination parameters to obtain final illumination parameters, and adjusting the light source based on the final illumination parameters. The present application can automatically perceive the operation stage and adjust the light source parameters, so that the doctor does not need to manually adjust in the fine operation, and the continuity and concentration of the operation process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of light source adjustment technology. In particular, it relates to an automatic light source adjustment method and system for a dental operating table. Background Technology

[0002] In complex dental surgeries, different stages of the procedure have drastically different requirements for light intensity, color temperature, and illumination angle. Existing dental operating table light source adjustment technologies mainly include timed adjustment based on preset modes, visual feedback adjustment based on image processing, and type-matching adjustment based on surgical instrument recognition.

[0003] The timed adjustment method only switches the light source parameters at fixed time intervals, which cannot adapt to individual differences in the operating rhythm of different patients and doctors; although the image processing method can identify the brightness requirements of the surgical area, it has difficulty in identifying the optical characteristics of semi-transparent materials, and its accuracy drops significantly under the interference of blood and saliva; although the surgical instrument-based identification method can determine the surgical type, it cannot perceive the dynamic evolution of stages within the same surgical type. For example, the three stages of root canal treatment—opening the pulp chamber, preparation, and filling—have different lighting requirements, and the existing methods still require manual intervention by doctors when switching stages.

[0004] Therefore, existing light source adjustment methods have the problem of not being able to sense the surgical progress in real time and automatically adjust the light source. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem that the aforementioned light source adjustment methods cannot sense the surgical progress in real time and automatically adjust the light source, the present invention provides solutions in the following aspects.

[0006] In the first aspect, a method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table includes: Real-time data collection of doctors' operational force, instrument change data, and hand movement trajectory data; and data preprocessing to form a standardized time-series feature matrix. Based on the temporal feature matrix, stage evolution feature indicators are calculated, a stage probability distribution function is constructed, and the preset illumination parameters of each stage of the current surgical type are weighted and fused based on the probability values ​​output by the stage probability distribution function to obtain dynamic illumination parameters. A smoothing factor is used to perform weighted smoothing on the dynamic illumination parameters and the acquired historical illumination parameters to obtain the final illumination parameters, and the light source is adjusted based on the final illumination parameters; The construction of the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage in the current surgical type, calculating the historical average start time and historical start time standard deviation of the stage based on the actual start time of the stage in historical similar surgeries; calculating the offset between the actual start time of the stage and the historical average start time in historical similar surgeries, and calculating the correlation between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage; based on the historical average start time, historical start time standard deviation and correlation of each stage, combined with the current time and the stage evolution characteristic index of the current moment, calculating the probability value of the current moment being in each stage, and the sum of the probability values ​​of all stages is 1.

[0007] Preferably, the calculation of stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the temporal feature matrix includes: calculating the historical standard deviations of the force change rate, the instrument replacement frequency, and the speed change rate based on the temporal feature matrix within a preset sliding window; calculating the force change amount, the instrument replacement event identifier, and the speed change amount based on the operation force data, instrument replacement data, and hand movement trajectory data at the current and previous moments; multiplying the ratio of the absolute value of the force change amount to the historical standard deviation of the force change rate with a preset first weighting coefficient, multiplying the ratio of the instrument replacement event identifier to the instrument replacement frequency with a preset second weighting coefficient, and multiplying the ratio of the absolute value of the speed change amount to the historical standard deviation of the speed change rate with a preset third weighting coefficient, and adding the three products to obtain the stage evolution characteristic indicators.

[0008] Preferably, the sum of the first weighting coefficient, the second weighting coefficient, and the third weighting coefficient is 1.

[0009] Preferably, the calculation of the correlation between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage includes: calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage to obtain the correlation.

[0010] Preferably, the calculation of the probability value of the current time in each stage includes: for a single stage, calculating the sum of the product of the correlation corresponding to the stage and the stage evolution characteristic index at the current time and 1, and calculating the first product of the sum and the standard deviation of the historical start time of the stage; calculating the absolute deviation between the current time and the historical average start time of the stage, finding the ratio of the absolute deviation to the first product, and calculating the exponential function value of the negative value of the ratio; dividing the exponential function value corresponding to each stage by the sum of the exponential function values ​​corresponding to all stages to obtain the probability value corresponding to each stage.

[0011] Preferably, the weighted fusion of the preset illumination parameters for each stage of the current surgical type based on the probability value output by the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage, multiplying the probability value of that stage by the preset illumination parameter of that stage to obtain the stage illumination parameter; and adding the stage illumination parameters of all stages of the current surgical type to obtain the dynamic illumination parameter.

[0012] Preferably, the method for calculating the smoothing factor includes: calculating the average and standard deviation of the stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the stage evolution characteristic indicators within a preset sliding window; adding the average of the stage evolution characteristic indicators to twice the standard deviation to obtain a dynamic threshold; calculating the difference between the stage evolution characteristic indicators at the current time and the dynamic threshold to obtain a first difference; setting a sensitivity control coefficient; calculating the product of the sensitivity control coefficient and the first difference; taking the negative value of the product and then calculating the exponential function value; finding the sum of 1 and the exponential function value; and using the ratio of 1 to the sum as the smoothing factor.

[0013] Preferably, the step of using a smoothing factor to perform weighted smoothing on the dynamic illumination parameters and the acquired historical illumination parameters includes: acquiring the historical illumination parameters of the previous output, calculating the difference between 1 and the smoothing factor, and multiplying the obtained difference by the historical illumination parameters of the previous output to obtain the first adjusted illumination parameter; multiplying the smoothing factor by the dynamic illumination parameters to obtain the second adjusted illumination parameter; and adding the first adjusted illumination parameter and the second adjusted illumination parameter to obtain the final illumination parameter.

[0014] Secondly, a dental operating table light source automatic adjustment system includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions, and when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the above-mentioned dental operating table light source automatic adjustment method is implemented.

[0015] The present invention has the following effects: 1. This invention collects real-time data on the doctor's operational force, instrument change, and hand movement trajectory to construct a standardized temporal feature matrix and calculate stage evolution characteristic indicators, thereby quantifying the dynamic changes in the surgical process. Based on this, a stage probability distribution function is constructed, which comprehensively considers historical time patterns and real-time operational characteristics to output the probability value of the current surgical stage. This method breaks through the limitation of traditional technologies that can only identify the surgical type but cannot perceive the internal stage evolution, and achieves refined perception of the surgical process.

[0016] 2. This invention uses the probability values ​​output by the stage probability distribution function to weight and fuse the preset illumination parameters. When multiple stage probabilities coexist (i.e., during the stage transition period), the dynamic illumination parameters smoothly transition between the preset illumination parameters of each stage. Furthermore, a smoothing factor is used to weight and smooth the dynamic illumination parameters and historical illumination parameters, so that the final output illumination parameters remain constant during the stable period and are gradually adjusted during the transition period. This dual smoothing mechanism conforms to the physiological characteristics of human eye pupil accommodation, avoids temporary visual blind spots caused by parameter mutations, and reduces the visual load on doctors.

[0017] 3. This invention automatically senses the surgical stage and adjusts the light source parameters, eliminating the need for doctors to manually adjust the parameters during delicate operations, thus ensuring the continuity and focus of the surgical process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of steps S1-S3 in an automatic adjustment method for a dental operating table light source according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This embodiment uses dental root canal treatment surgery as an example to explain in detail the specific implementation process of the method of the present invention. Root canal treatment usually includes three main stages: pulpotomy, root canal preparation, and root canal filling. Each stage has significantly different requirements for light parameters.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 A method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table includes steps S1-S3, as detailed below: S1: Real-time data collection of doctor's operational force, instrument change data, hand movement trajectory data, and ambient light data, followed by data preprocessing to form a standardized time-series feature matrix.

[0023] A multimodal sensor array is deployed at key locations on the dental operating table. Specifically, this includes: a thin-film pressure sensor array embedded in the surface of the operating chair armrests, forming a 3×3 grid layout to sample the doctor's grip force and distribution in real time; an RFID identification module (Radio Frequency Identification Module) installed at the bottom of the instrument tray, which identifies metal-compatible RFID tags built into the instrument handles via electromagnetic coupling and automatically records the instrument type and replacement timestamp; two depth optical cameras, respectively installed on the brackets on both sides of the operating table, which use infrared structured light technology to track the three-dimensional movement trajectory of key points of the doctor's right hand (index finger, thumb, and wrist); and a digital light sensor installed at the front end of the operating table lamp arm to monitor the actual illuminance of the surgical area in real time for closed-loop calibration of subsequent light source output.

[0024] All sensors are connected to the main controller via an industrial-grade CAN bus (Controller Area Network). Hardware-level clock synchronization is achieved using PTP (Precision Time Protocol) to ensure that the time alignment error of multi-source data is less than 1ms, and the unified sampling frequency is 100Hz.

[0025] For the collected operational force data: a 5-point moving average filter was used to eliminate random noise, and the pressure values ​​were mapped to the [0,1] interval. The preprocessed pressure data is denoted as... .

[0026] For the collected medical device replacement data: RFID identification results are verified for confidence. A valid identification is only considered complete when the RFID signal strength exceeds the environmental noise threshold and the tag remains stable for more than a preset time window (50ms). The medical device replacement event identifier is recorded. .

[0027] For the collected hand movement trajectory data: based on the coordinates of key hand points collected at each moment, the hand movement velocity at that moment is calculated. .

[0028] Based on the preprocessed operational force data, instrument change data, and hand movement trajectory data, a temporal feature matrix is ​​constructed: Z-score standardization (zero-mean standardization) was used to eliminate dimensional differences. The operational force data, equipment change data, and hand movement trajectory data mentioned below are all standardized data.

[0029] S2: Calculate the stage evolution characteristic index based on the temporal feature matrix, construct the stage probability distribution function, and perform weighted fusion of the preset illumination parameters of each stage of the current surgical type based on the probability value output by the stage probability distribution function to obtain the dynamic illumination parameters.

[0030] The calculation of stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the time-series feature matrix includes: calculating the historical standard deviations of the force change rate, instrument replacement frequency, and speed change rate based on the time-series feature matrix within a preset sliding window; calculating the force change, instrument replacement event identifier, and speed change based on the operational force data, instrument replacement data, and hand movement trajectory data at the current and previous moments; calculating the ratio of the absolute value of the force change to the historical standard deviation of the force change rate, and multiplying this ratio by a preset first weighting coefficient as the first characteristic value; calculating the ratio of the instrument replacement event identifier to the instrument replacement frequency, and multiplying this ratio by a preset second weighting coefficient as the second characteristic value; calculating the ratio of the absolute value of the speed change to the historical standard deviation of the speed change rate, and multiplying this ratio by a preset third weighting coefficient as the third characteristic value; and calculating the sum of the first, second, and third characteristic values ​​to obtain the stage evolution characteristic indicators. The specific formulas are as follows: In the formula, Indicates time Stage evolution characteristic indicators; Indicates the first weighting coefficient; , indicating time stress data With time stress data The difference between them represents the time. The change in force; The historical standard deviation of the rate of change of force is calculated from the pressure data within a sliding window with a pre-set window size of 1000. This represents the second weighting coefficient; Indicates time Instrument Replacement Event Identifier ( This indicates that a new device has been detected. (Indicates no replacement equipment available). The historical standard deviation of the instrument replacement frequency is calculated from the instrument replacement event identifier within a pre-defined sliding window with a window size of 1000. This represents the third weighting coefficient; , indicating time hand movement speed With time hand movement speed The difference between them represents the time. The change in velocity; The historical standard deviation of the rate of change of speed is calculated from hand movement speed data within a pre-defined sliding window of size 1000.

[0031] in satisfy Furthermore, based on the operational characteristics of different types of dental surgery, multiple sets of weight combinations can be pre-configured for the system to match and use: before the surgery begins, the system can call the corresponding preset weight values ​​according to the type of surgery selected by the doctor or automatically identified (such as root canal treatment, implant surgery, soft tissue trimming, etc.).

[0032] For example, if root canal instruments are changed frequently and the force varies significantly, a setting can be made... , , The drilling process for implantation surgery involves stable force, but significant force abrupt changes occur at key points. Therefore, greater attention is paid to these force abrupt changes, and settings can be configured accordingly. , , For delicate procedures such as soft tissue reshaping, where the precision required is high and subtle changes in hand movements better reflect transitions between stages, the reference weight of movement speed should be appropriately increased. This could be achieved by setting... , , .

[0033] when When the multimodal feature combination consisting of the rate of change in force, frequency of instrument replacement, and rate of change in speed is within its recent historical fluctuation range, the system determines that the doctor is performing a routine, repetitive operation at a certain stage (such as uniform-speed filing in root canal preparation). When this occurs, it indicates that at least two operational dimensions simultaneously exhibit significant abnormal fluctuations far exceeding historical benchmarks. The system identifies that the current operational mode is undergoing a fundamental change, indicating that a new surgical phase is about to begin (such as switching from root canal preparation to filling).

[0034] It is a real-time quantitative indicator whose value directly maps the deviation of the current surgical procedure from recent historical benchmarks; essentially, it is a multi-dimensional detector of changes in surgical procedures. By monitoring... The system can accurately distinguish between stable, fine-tuned operations and impending phase transitions, thereby providing a basis for intelligent control of the light source.

[0035] The construction of the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage of the operation, calculating the historical average start time and historical start time standard deviation of the stage based on the actual start time of the stage in similar historical operations; calculating the offset between the actual start time of the stage and the historical average start time in similar historical operations, and calculating the correlation between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage; based on the historical average start time, historical start time standard deviation, and correlation of each stage, combined with the current time and the stage evolution characteristic index of the current moment, calculating the probability value of the current moment being in each stage, and the sum of the probability values ​​of all stages is 1.

[0036] Calculating the probability value of the current stage includes: for a single stage, calculating the sum of the product of the correlation corresponding to that stage and the stage evolution characteristic index at the current time, multiplied by 1, and then calculating the first product of this sum and the historical start time standard deviation of that stage; calculating the absolute deviation between the current time and the historical average start time of that stage, finding the negative value of the ratio of this absolute deviation to the first product, and calculating the exponential function value of this negative value; dividing the exponential function value corresponding to each stage by the sum of the exponential function values ​​corresponding to all stages of the current surgery to obtain the probability value corresponding to each stage. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, Indicates time In the surgical stage The probability value, , , Number the surgical stage (e.g., during root canal treatment) Indicates the marrow opening stage. Indicates the preparatory stage. (Indicates the filling stage); This indicates the current time, starting from the moment the surgery began; Representation phase Historical average start time, statistical analysis of 50 similar surgical cases at different stages The actual start time is calculated, and the average of all the actual start times is calculated to obtain the historical average start time. Representation phase The standard deviation of the historical starting time, through 50 similar surgical cases at different stages. The standard deviation of the historical start time is calculated from the actual start time and the historical average start time. Representation phase Correlation was calculated in 50 similar surgical cases. The offset between the actual start time and the historical average start time, and the stage. The stage evolution characteristic index corresponding to the actual start time Calculate the offset and stage evolution characteristic index The Pearson correlation coefficient between the two values ​​is used to obtain the stage. Relevance; Indicates time Stage evolution characteristic indicators; This represents the summation index, used to iterate through all stages of the surgery; This indicates the total number of stages involved in the surgery.

[0037] When the operation is smooth ( ): Denominator term Simplified to The function degenerates into a standard distribution form based on historical time patterns. At this point, for any given moment... The probability distribution is highly concentrated in the stage closest to that moment; specifically, when Approaching Phase Historical average start time Time, stage probability value The probability approaches 1, while the probability of other stages approaches 0; when Deviation phase Historical average start time Time, stage The probability value decays exponentially, a characteristic that allows the system to strictly follow clinical statistical laws to determine the surgical stage during the stable operation period.

[0038] When a significant operational change is detected ( ): Denominator term due The increase in the value significantly expands the exponential term with respect to the time difference. The decreased sensitivity has the mathematical effect that the unnormalized weights of each stage no longer strictly depend on the current time being close to the historical average start time. The degree of [something] is not so much determined by [something], but rather by [something] operational characteristics. When the probability values ​​of different stages become close and the probability distribution becomes flat, it means that the system has identified that the current operating mode has experienced drastic fluctuations and has entered a transitional period of high uncertainty.

[0039] In this state, the system reduces its reliance on historical time patterns and increases the response weight to real-time operational features, thereby enabling it to more sensitively follow the doctor's operational intentions and adjust stage judgments, avoiding judgment lag caused by adhering to historical average times.

[0040] This mechanism is deeply integrated with clinical medical principles: Provide prior knowledge in the time dimension. Quantify the normal range of variation in clinical procedures. This establishes the correlation strength between operational characteristics and stage time offset. The synergistic effect of the three enables the system to adaptively distinguish between normal operational fluctuations and actual stage transitions.

[0041] Quantified at the current moment After comprehensively considering historical time patterns and real-time operational characteristics, the surgery is in a phase. Confidence level. When Time: Indicates that the surgery is clearly in a certain stage. During the stable operation period, the system determines that the current stage has a high degree of certainty and will fully adopt the preset lighting parameters for this stage (such as the high brightness and high color temperature configuration of the preparation stage) to ensure the clarity of the surgical field and visual comfort, and provide the best lighting conditions for the doctor's delicate operation.

[0042] when Time: Indicates the stage This phase is now largely complete, and the system is automatically reducing its focus and resource allocation for this phase in preparation for parameter adjustments in subsequent phases.

[0043] When the probabilities of multiple stages coexist significantly and are not zero, it indicates that the surgery is in a transitional period between stages (e.g., from root canal preparation to filling). In this case, the system does not perform an abrupt stage switch, but instead generates gradual parameter adjustments through a probability-weighted fusion mechanism.

[0044] The weighted fusion of preset illumination parameters for each stage of the current surgical type based on the probability values ​​output by the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage, multiplying the probability value of that stage by the preset illumination parameter of that stage to obtain the stage illumination parameter; and summing the stage illumination parameters of all stages of the current surgical type to obtain the dynamic illumination parameter. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, , represents the fused lighting parameter vector, i.e., the dynamic lighting parameters; Representation phase ; Indicates the total number of stages involved in the surgery; Indicates time In the surgical stage The probability value; , indicating the type of surgery In the stage The preset lighting parameters, among which This represents the light intensity parameter, in units of... , This represents the color temperature parameter, in units of... , This indicates the illumination angle parameter, in degrees.

[0045] because and , Always located within the convex hull formed by the preset illumination parameters at each stage, this property ensures that regardless of changes in the probability distribution, the output dynamic illumination parameters remain within a reasonable physical range and will not produce extreme values ​​that exceed clinical needs.

[0046] When the surgery is clearly in a stable phase at a certain stage, that phase... Other stages ,at this time Approaching the preset lighting parameters of this dominant stage, the system outputs targeted and precise lighting.

[0047] When the surgery is in the transitional phase between stages, multiple adjacent stages exhibit a significant non-zero probability of coexistence. Dynamic lighting parameters with smooth transitions are generated through probability-weighted fusion.

[0048] The gradual adjustment of lighting parameters avoids the sudden changes in light source caused by phase switching in traditional methods, allowing the doctor's pupils to naturally adapt to changes in lighting and reducing visual fatigue.

[0049] S3: Use a smoothing factor to perform weighted smoothing on the dynamic illumination parameters and the acquired historical illumination parameters to obtain the final illumination parameters, and adjust the light source based on the final illumination parameters.

[0050] The human eye's pupillary accommodation has an inherent physiological lag, with a time constant of approximately 2 seconds. When illumination parameters change abruptly, the pupil cannot adapt instantly, causing drastic fluctuations in the intensity of light stimulation received by the retina within a short period, resulting in temporary visual blindness. During the transition period, although parameters need to be adjusted promptly to adapt to the new surgical requirements, the human eye requires a gradual adaptation process. For example, from the high brightness (45000) of the preparatory stage... ) towards the low brightness (20000) during the filling stage If the transition is completed within milliseconds, doctors will experience noticeable glare or a darkened field of vision; however, a smooth transition within 2-3 seconds is almost imperceptible. Therefore, an adaptive smoothing control mechanism is needed to perform secondary processing on the dynamic illumination parameters to generate the final illumination parameters.

[0051] The method for calculating the smoothing factor includes: calculating the mean and standard deviation of the stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the stage evolution characteristic indicators within a preset sliding window; adding the mean of the stage evolution characteristic indicators to twice the standard deviation to obtain a dynamic threshold; calculating the difference between the current stage evolution characteristic indicator and this dynamic threshold to obtain the first difference; setting a sensitivity control coefficient; calculating the product of the sensitivity control coefficient and the first difference; taking the negative value of the product and then calculating the exponential function value; finding the sum of 1 and the exponential function value; and using the ratio of 1 to this sum as the smoothing factor. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the smoothing factor; , representing the sensitivity control coefficient, adjustment right The steepness of the response to the change; Indicates time Stage evolution characteristic indicators; , indicating a dynamic threshold. This represents the average value of the stage evolution characteristic index. The standard deviation of the stage evolution characteristic index, and The stage evolution characteristic index is calculated from a sliding window with a pre-set window size of 1000.

[0052] The weighted smoothing of dynamic illumination parameters and acquired historical illumination parameters using a smoothing factor includes: obtaining the historical illumination parameters from the previous output, calculating the difference between 1 and the smoothing factor, and multiplying the difference by the historical illumination parameters from the previous output to obtain the first adjusted illumination parameter; multiplying the smoothing factor by the dynamic illumination parameters to obtain the second adjusted illumination parameter; and adding the first and second adjusted illumination parameters to obtain the final illumination parameter. The specific formula is as follows: In the formula, , represents the final output lighting parameter vector, i.e., the final lighting parameters; This represents the smoothing factor, used to control the fusion ratio between dynamic lighting parameters and historical lighting parameters; Indicates dynamic lighting parameters; This represents the historical lighting parameters from the last output.

[0053] When the surgery is in a stable operational phase , , The system maintains the historical illumination parameters from the previous output basically unchanged, is not sensitive to minor operational fluctuations, avoids meaningless flickering caused by normal operational fluctuations, and provides doctors with a stable visual environment.

[0054] When a drastic operational change is detected and determined to be a critical point for phase transition, , , The system tracks quickly. The system adapts to changes in lighting requirements and responds promptly to the lighting needs of each new stage. By the time doctors have finished changing instruments and started a new stage of the procedure, the light source has been adjusted to appropriate parameters to ensure adequate illumination for critical steps.

[0055] Dynamic threshold The system is designed to adapt to different surgical types and physician habits. It reflects the baseline activity level of recent operations, and the threshold is automatically adjusted according to the doctor's operating style; The coefficient 2 reflects the fluctuation range of the operation, making the system's judgment of anomalies statistically significant; based on the normal distribution characteristics, 95% of normal fluctuations are included in the stable range, and a rapid response is only triggered when they exceed this range. For example, in root canal treatment, the periodic filing during the preparation stage can lead to... A larger threshold leads to a correspondingly higher dynamic threshold, preventing false triggering; however, during the stable drilling phase of the implantation surgery, The smaller the dynamic threshold, the more sensitive the system is to subtle changes.

[0056] Final lighting parameters Converted into hardware control instructions: The LED (Light Emitting Diode) light source drive current is precisely adjusted through a 16-bit high-precision PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) dimming circuit to achieve the desired light intensity. The stepless continuous control ensures a dimming response time of less than 10 milliseconds, guaranteeing smooth and flicker-free brightness changes; it employs a three-channel independently controlled tri-color LED mixing technology, adjusting brightness according to color temperature. The current ratio of red, green, and blue LEDs is dynamically adjusted to achieve continuous color temperature adjustment within the range of 2700K to 6500K, with a color temperature conversion accuracy of ±50K. This is achieved through a high-resolution stepper motor drive mechanism (step angle 0.9 degrees), based on the angle... The light source's illumination direction is precisely adjusted, and a position feedback encoder achieves an angular positioning accuracy of ±0.5 degrees, ensuring that the center of the light spot always covers the core area of ​​the surgical field. The entire control loop uses a closed-loop refresh rate of 200Hz, and the total delay from parameter calculation to light source response is controlled within 50ms, meeting the stringent real-time requirements of dental surgery.

[0057] This invention maintains constant illumination parameters during the stable phase and responds promptly during the transition phase, balancing visual comfort and operational timeliness. It avoids surgical risks caused by sudden changes in illumination parameters and ensures the surgeon's visual accuracy during critical operational phases.

[0058] This application also discloses an automatic adjustment system for the light source of a dental operating table. The system includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the automatic adjustment method for the light source of the dental operating table according to the above embodiments of the present invention is implemented.

[0059] The system also includes other components well known to those skilled in the art, such as communication buses and communication interfaces, the settings and functions of which are known in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the inventive concept, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table, characterized in that, include: Real-time data collection of doctors' operational force, instrument change data, and hand movement trajectory data; and data preprocessing to form a standardized time-series feature matrix. Based on the temporal feature matrix, stage evolution feature indicators are calculated, a stage probability distribution function is constructed, and the preset illumination parameters of each stage of the current surgical type are weighted and fused based on the probability values ​​output by the stage probability distribution function to obtain dynamic illumination parameters. A smoothing factor is used to perform weighted smoothing on the dynamic illumination parameters and the acquired historical illumination parameters to obtain the final illumination parameters, and the light source is adjusted based on the final illumination parameters; The construction of the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage in the current surgical type, calculating the historical average start time and historical start time standard deviation of the stage based on the actual start time of the stage in historical similar surgeries; calculating the offset between the actual start time of the stage and the historical average start time in historical similar surgeries, and calculating the correlation between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage; based on the historical average start time, historical start time standard deviation and correlation of each stage, combined with the current time and the stage evolution characteristic index of the current moment, calculating the probability value of the current moment being in each stage, and the sum of the probability values ​​of all stages is 1.

2. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the time-series feature matrix includes: calculating the historical standard deviations of the force change rate, instrument replacement frequency, and speed change rate based on the time-series feature matrix within a preset sliding window; calculating the force change, instrument replacement event identifier, and speed change based on the operation force data, instrument replacement data, and hand movement trajectory data at the current and previous moments; multiplying the ratio of the absolute value of the force change to the historical standard deviation of the force change rate with a preset first weighting coefficient, multiplying the ratio of the instrument replacement event identifier to the instrument replacement frequency with a preset second weighting coefficient, and multiplying the ratio of the absolute value of the speed change to the historical standard deviation of the speed change rate with a preset third weighting coefficient; and adding the three products together to obtain the stage evolution characteristic indicators.

3. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sum of the first weighting coefficient, the second weighting coefficient, and the third weighting coefficient is 1.

4. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the correlation between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage includes: calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient between the offset and the stage evolution characteristic index of the actual start time of the stage to obtain the correlation.

5. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the probability value of the current time in each stage includes: for a single stage, calculating the sum of the product of the correlation corresponding to the stage and the stage evolution characteristic index at the current time and 1, and calculating the first product of the sum and the standard deviation of the historical start time of the stage; calculating the absolute deviation between the current time and the historical average start time of the stage, finding the ratio of the absolute deviation to the first product, and calculating the exponential function value of the negative value of the ratio; dividing the exponential function value corresponding to each stage by the sum of the exponential function values ​​corresponding to all stages to obtain the probability value corresponding to each stage.

6. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weighted fusion of the preset illumination parameters for each stage of the current surgical type based on the probability value output by the stage probability distribution function includes: for each stage, multiplying the probability value of that stage by the preset illumination parameter of that stage to obtain the stage illumination parameter; and adding the stage illumination parameters of all stages of the current surgical type to obtain the dynamic illumination parameter.

7. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the smoothing factor includes: calculating the average and standard deviation of the stage evolution characteristic indicators based on the stage evolution characteristic indicators within a preset sliding window; adding the average and twice the standard deviation of the stage evolution characteristic indicators to obtain a dynamic threshold; calculating the difference between the current stage evolution characteristic indicator and the dynamic threshold to obtain a first difference; setting a sensitivity control coefficient; calculating the product of the sensitivity control coefficient and the first difference; taking the negative value of the product and then calculating the exponential function value; finding the sum of 1 and the exponential function value; and using the ratio of 1 to the sum as the smoothing factor.

8. The method for automatically adjusting the light source of a dental operating table according to claim 7, characterized in that, The weighted smoothing of dynamic illumination parameters and acquired historical illumination parameters using a smoothing factor includes: acquiring the historical illumination parameters from the previous output, calculating the difference between 1 and the smoothing factor, and multiplying the difference by the historical illumination parameters from the previous output to obtain a first adjusted illumination parameter; multiplying the smoothing factor by the dynamic illumination parameters to obtain a second adjusted illumination parameter; and adding the first adjusted illumination parameter and the second adjusted illumination parameter to obtain the final illumination parameter.

9. An automatic light source adjustment system for a dental operating table, characterized in that, include: A processor and a memory, the memory storing computer program instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the automatic adjustment method for the light source of a dental operating table according to any one of claims 1-8.

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