Agricultural ditching and ridging integrated device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of agricultural ditching and ridging integrated device, belong to agricultural machinery field, including frame, single pole gasoline engine, walking wheel, rotary tillage unit, ridging and soil pressing unit, adjustable roller, operating handrail and support rod;Frame front end is provided adjustable roller, rotary tillage unit, ridging and soil pressing unit, walking wheel are sequentially arranged from front to back below frame.The engine is driven walking wheel and rotary tillage unit by belt drive, rotary tillage unit drives ridging and soil pressing unit by chain transmission, ridging and soil pressing unit relies on eccentric wheel-transmission connecting rod mechanism to drive soil pressing plate reciprocating swing, completes ridge surface leveling and compaction;Walking wheel has wheel track adjusting structure, adjustable roller is used to control rotary tillage soil intake amount.The equipment is small in size, can realize rotary tillage, ditching, ridging continuous operation, can be adapted to various field topography, reduce the labor intensity of peasant household, alleviate the present situation of rural labor shortage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to an integrated ditching and ridging device for agricultural use. Background Technology

[0002] In crop cultivation, ridging loosens the soil, increases soil aeration, and promotes root respiration and growth. Furrows quickly drain excess water, reducing the risk of root rot during the rainy season. Ridges have a large surface area exposed to sunlight, leading to faster soil temperature increases, making them suitable for crops grown in early spring when temperatures are low. Furrows also serve as field access routes, reducing trampling on crop roots during agricultural operations and allowing fertilizer to be concentrated at the root zone, thus reducing the breeding of pests and diseases.

[0003] Currently, rural plots vary in size, and some existing ditching and ridging equipment models are too large, making them inconvenient to transport and use in small fields and complex terrain. Many machines require multiple steps to complete the ditching, ridging, and ridge compaction processes, resulting in low work efficiency. Some machines cannot flexibly adjust the working width and ditching depth, making it difficult to adapt to the ridge planting requirements of different crops. This leads to high labor intensity for farmers and further exacerbates the production pressure caused by the shortage of rural labor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of existing ditching and ridging machines being large in size, having poor adaptability, having scattered operation procedures, being inconvenient to adjust ridge shape, operation depth and width, being difficult to adapt to the ridging needs of various plots and different crops, and having high labor intensity.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technology: an integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device, comprising a frame, a single-cylinder gasoline engine, walking wheels, a rotary tillage unit, a ridging and soil compaction unit, an adjustable compaction wheel, an operating handle, and a support rod; An adjustable press wheel is installed at the front end of the frame. Rotary tillage unit, ridging and compaction unit, and walking wheel are arranged in sequence from front to back below the frame. A single-cylinder gasoline engine and operating handle are installed on the frame. A support rod for parking and support is set at the rear of the frame. The single-cylinder gasoline engine is connected to the walking wheel gearbox via belt drive. The pulley on the walking wheel gearbox then drives the rotary tillage unit via belt drive. The rotary tillage unit drives the ridging and compaction unit via chain drive. The ridging and compaction unit includes an eccentric wheel, a transmission link, and a compaction plate fixing shaft. The eccentric wheel receives power from the chain drive, and the eccentric wheel drives the compaction plate to reciprocate around the compaction plate fixing shaft via the transmission link, thereby achieving ridge surface leveling and compaction. The walking wheels are equipped with a wheel spacing adjustment structure; the rotary tillage unit is used for ditching and loosening soil operations, and the adjustable press wheel is used to adjust the amount of soil fed into the rotary tillage unit.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the single-cylinder gasoline engine includes a cylinder, a fuel supply tank, a cooling system, a lubrication system, a valve train, a mounting base, and an exhaust turbocharging system; The cylinder is fixed to the frame by a mounting base. A fuel supply box is provided on the upper part of the cylinder. A cooling system is installed on the side of the cylinder. A valve train system and an exhaust booster system are respectively provided on both sides of the cylinder. A lubrication system is located at the bottom of the cylinder. The power output end of the single-cylinder gasoline engine is connected to the gearbox of the traveling wheel via a belt.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the traveling wheel includes a traveling wheel gearbox, a traveling wheel axle, a traveling wheel body, an adjustable component, and a pulley; The traveling wheel gearbox is mounted on the frame. The traveling wheel gearbox is equipped with a pulley, which is connected to the single-cylinder gasoline engine. The output end of the traveling wheel gearbox is connected to the traveling wheel axle. The traveling wheel axle is equipped with an adjustable component, and the traveling wheel body is mounted on the traveling wheel axle. The wheel track can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the walking wheel body on the walking wheel axle using adjustable components.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rotary tillage unit includes rotary tillage blades, rotary tillage blade gearbox, rotary tillage blade mounting base, and rotary tillage blade shaft; The rotary tiller gearbox is fixedly installed on the frame. The rotary tiller gearbox receives power through belt drive. Rotary tiller shafts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotary tiller gearbox. Rotary tiller blades are arranged circumferentially on the rotary tiller shafts through rotary tiller blade fixing seats. The rotary tiller includes a handle, a fixing hole, a cutting edge, and a tip. The handle has a fixing hole, and the rotary tiller is locked at an angle to the rotary tiller mounting base through the fixing hole.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the ridging and pressing unit also includes a first ridging plate, a second ridging plate, and a pressing plate; The first ridging plate is located at the front end of the frame. One end of the first ridging plate is fixed and the other end is telescopically adjustable. The second ridging plate and the soil pressing plate are installed at the same position on the frame. The lower end of the soil pressing plate is hinged to the fixed shaft of the soil pressing plate, and the upper end of the soil pressing plate is connected to the transmission connecting rod.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the adjustable press wheel includes a press wheel, a press wheel control rod, and a press wheel control rod fixing seat; The press wheel is hinged to the press wheel control rod, the press wheel control rod is assembled in the press wheel control rod fixing seat, and the press wheel control rod fixing seat is fixed to the front end of the frame; The press wheel control lever can slide and lock within the press wheel control lever fixing seat. By changing the position of the press wheel control lever, the height of the press wheel can be adjusted, and the amount of soil entering the rotary tillage can be controlled.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the tip and cutting edge of the rotary tiller are clad with a wear-resistant alloy layer, and the rotary tiller is an asymmetrical curved bionic blade body; A high-pressure airflow channel is provided above the rotary tillage unit. The high-pressure airflow channel uses the residual pressure of the engine exhaust to generate directional airflow to blow away the soil adhering to the surface of the rotary tillage blades.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The invention features a compact overall structure, making it easy to transport and move. It can operate in various plots and complex terrains. Relying on the same power source, it can continuously perform walking, rotary tillage and ditching, ridging, and ridge leveling and compaction, eliminating multiple repetitive field work processes, improving work efficiency, reducing the labor intensity of farmers, and at the same time, the belt drive can realize overload protection, reducing the damage to transmission components and engine caused by impacts from hard objects, making the machine more reliable.

[0013] The machine of this invention can adjust the walking width, rotary tillage soil intake and furrowing depth through the adjustable wheel track structure and adjustable press wheel. With the adjustable ridge plate of the ridge pressing unit, it can adapt to the planting requirements of different crops for ridge height and ridge width. The eccentric wheel-linkage mechanism drives the pressing plate to swing back and forth, and the ridge surface is compacted and shaped into a regular shape, providing good soil conditions for crop growth. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 A top view provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the power mechanism structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the walking wheel device on both sides of the frame provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary tillage unit provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary tiller blade provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a ridging and compaction unit structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of an adjustable press wheel structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0015] Legend: 1. Rack; 2. Single-cylinder gasoline engine; 2-1. Cylinder; 2-2. Fuel supply tank; 2-3. Cooling system; 2-4. Lubrication system; 2-5. Valve train; 2-6. Mounting unit; 2-7. Exhaust turbocharging system; 3. Traveling wheels; 3-1. Traveling wheel gearbox; 3-2. Traveling wheel axle; 3-3. Traveling wheels; 3-4. Adjustable components; 3-5. Pulleys; 4. Rotary tillage unit; 4-1. Rotary tillage blade; 4-2. Rotary tillage blade gearbox; 4-3. Rotary tillage blade mounting base; 4-4. Rotary tillage blade shaft; 4-1-1. Rotary tillage blade handle; 4-1-2. Fixing hole; 4-1-3. Cutting edge; 4-1-4. Blade tip; 5. Ridging and compaction unit; 5-1. First ridge plate; 5-2. Second ridge plate; 5-3. Compactor plate; 5-4. Eccentric wheel; 5-5. Transmission connecting rod; 5-6. Compactor plate fixing shaft; 6. Adjustable press wheel; 6-1. Press wheel; 6-2. Press wheel control lever; 6-3. Press wheel control lever mounting base; 7. Operate the handrail; 8. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides an integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device, including a frame 1, a single-cylinder gasoline engine 2, wheels 3, a rotary tillage unit 4, a ridging and pressing unit 5, an adjustable pressing wheel 6, an operating handle 7, and a support rod 8. The adjustable pressing wheel 6 is installed at the front end of the frame 1. The rotary tillage unit 4, the ridging and pressing unit 5, and the wheels 3 are sequentially assembled from front to back below the frame 1. The single-cylinder gasoline engine 2 and the operating handle 7 are installed on the upper part of the frame 1. The support rod 8 is installed at the rear of the frame 1. When the machine is stopped, the support rod 8 rests on the ground to support the entire machine.

[0018] like Figure 4As shown, a single-cylinder gasoline engine 2 serves as the power source for the entire machine. Cylinder 2-1 is fixedly mounted on the frame 1 via a mounting bracket 2-6. A fuel supply tank 2-2 is located at the top of cylinder 2-1, and a cooling system 2-3 is mounted on its side. A valve train 2-5 and an exhaust booster system 2-7 are mounted on either side of cylinder 2-1, and a lubrication system 2-4 is located at the bottom. During operation, outside air passes through the valve train 2-5, enters the exhaust booster system 2-7, is pressurized, and then enters the combustion chamber of cylinder 2-1, improving fuel combustion efficiency. The engine's output power is transmitted to pulley 3-5 of the drive wheel gearbox 3-1 via a belt.

[0019] like Figure 5 As shown, the traveling wheel gearbox 3-1 is fixed on the frame 1. The traveling wheel gearbox 3-1 is connected to the traveling wheel axle 3-2. An adjustable component 3-4 is installed on the traveling wheel axle 3-2, and the traveling wheel body 3-3 is mounted on the traveling wheel axle 3-2. Before operation, according to the actual field conditions, the adjustable component 3-4 is loosened, and the positions of the traveling wheel bodies 3-3 on both sides on the traveling wheel axle 3-2 are adjusted. After adjustment, the adjustable component 3-4 is locked to complete the wheel spacing adjustment, thereby adapting to the field walking width and indirectly matching the ditching depth. The pulley above the traveling wheel gearbox 3-1 transmits power to the rotary tillage blade gearbox 4-2 of the rotary tillage unit 4 via a belt.

[0020] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotary tiller gearbox 4-2 is fixed to the frame 1. Rotary tiller shafts 4-4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gearbox 4-2. Multiple sets of rotary tillers 4-1 are evenly mounted circumferentially on the rotary tiller shafts 4-4 via rotary tiller mounting seats 4-3. The handles 4-1-1 of the rotary tillers 4-1 are angle-locked to the mounting seats 4-3 through fixing holes 4-1-2. The blade tips 4-1-4 and cutting edges 4-1-3 are coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant alloy layer. The blade body adopts an asymmetrical curved biomimetic structure to reduce soil resistance and minimize weed entanglement. A high-pressure airflow channel is provided above the rotary tiller unit 4, utilizing the residual pressure of the engine exhaust to form a directional airflow that promptly removes soil adhering to the surface of the rotary tillers 4-1. A sprocket is installed on the rotary tiller gearbox 4-2, which transmits power to the eccentric wheel 5-4 of the ridging and compaction unit 5 via chain drive.

[0021] like Figure 8As shown, in the ridging and compaction unit 5, the first ridging plate 5-1 is mounted on the front end of the frame 1, with one end fixed and the other end adjustable to allow for adjustment of the width and height of the ridging plate according to planting needs. The second ridging plate 5-2 and the compaction plate 5-3 are mounted at the same position on the frame 1. The lower end of the compaction plate 5-3 is hinged to the compaction plate fixing shaft 5-6, and the upper end is connected to the transmission connecting rod 5-5. The eccentric wheel 5-4 receives the power from the chain drive and, during its rotation, drives the transmission connecting rod 5-5 to reciprocate, thereby driving the compaction plate 5-3 to oscillate back and forth around the compaction plate fixing shaft 5-6, compacting and leveling the newly formed ridge surface. The ridging and compaction unit 5 is equipped with a V-shaped guide surface and a shape-adjustable soil-dividing wing plate, allowing for the replacement of movable ridge surface templates with different curvatures and heights to change the spacing of the ridge surface protrusions and adapt to the ridging requirements of different crops.

[0022] like Figure 9 As shown, the adjustable press wheel 6 at the front end of the frame 1 is hinged to the press wheel control rod 6-2, which is inserted into the press wheel control rod fixing seat 6-3. Before operation, the press wheel 6-1 is adjusted by sliding the press wheel control rod 6-2 to raise its height off the ground. After adjustment, the fixing seat is locked using a screw. The height of the press wheel 6-1 limits the amount of soil entering the rotary tillage unit 4 and controls the furrowing depth. The tread of the press wheel 6-1 has a slightly concave texture to reduce wet soil adhesion, eliminate surface furrows, and reduce waterlogging and localized drought in the field.

[0023] During actual operation, the operator holds the control handle 7 to control the direction of travel. The single-cylinder gasoline engine 2 outputs power, driving the walking wheels 3 to propel the entire machine forward. The adjustable compaction wheel 6 limits the working depth. The rotary tillage unit 4 rotates to loosen the soil and create furrows, throwing the soil to both sides. After being guided and collected by the ridging and compaction unit 5, a preliminary ridge is formed. Then, the reciprocating compaction plates 5-3 compact and level the ridge surface, completing the entire process of rotary tillage, furrowing, ridging, and ridge surface preparation in one go. When the rotary tillage unit 4 encounters hard objects such as stones, the belt drive slips, providing overload protection and preventing damage to critical components such as the engine and gearbox. After operation, the machine is driven to an open area, the tail support rod 8 is lowered, and the entire machine is supported by the support rod 8 and the adjustable compaction wheel 6 to complete the parking.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), a single-cylinder gasoline engine (2), a walking wheel (3), a rotary tillage unit (4), a ridging and compaction unit (5), an adjustable compaction wheel (6), an operating handle (7), and a support rod (8); An adjustable press wheel (6) is installed at the front end of the frame (1). Rotary tillage unit (4), ridging and pressing unit (5), and walking wheel (3) are arranged in sequence from front to back below the frame (1). A single-cylinder gasoline engine (2) and an operating handle (7) are installed on the frame (1). A support rod (8) for parking and support is provided at the rear of the frame (1). The single-cylinder gasoline engine (2) is connected to the walking wheel gearbox of the walking wheel (3) via belt drive. The pulley on the walking wheel gearbox then drives the rotary tillage unit (4) via belt drive. The rotary tillage unit (4) drives the ridging and compaction unit (5) via chain drive. The ridging and compaction unit (5) includes an eccentric wheel (5-4), a transmission link (5-5), and a compaction plate fixing shaft (5-6). The eccentric wheel (5-4) receives the power of the chain drive. The eccentric wheel (5-4) drives the compaction plate to reciprocate around the compaction plate fixing shaft (5-6) via the transmission link (5-5) to achieve ridge surface leveling and compaction. The walking wheel (3) is equipped with a wheel spacing adjustment structure; the rotary tillage unit (4) is used for ditching and loosening soil operations; and the adjustable pressing wheel (6) is used to adjust the amount of soil fed into the rotary tillage unit (4).

2. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-cylinder gasoline engine (2) includes a cylinder (2-1), a fuel supply tank (2-2), a cooling system (2-3), a lubrication system (2-4), a valve train (2-5), a mounting base (2-6), and an exhaust booster system (2-7); The cylinder (2-1) is fixed on the frame (1) by a fixed seat (2-6). A fuel supply box (2-2) is provided on the upper part of the cylinder (2-1). A cooling system (2-3) is installed on the side of the cylinder (2-1). A valve train system (2-5) and an exhaust booster system (2-7) are respectively provided on both sides of the cylinder (2-1). A lubrication system (2-4) is provided at the bottom of the cylinder (2-1). The power output end of the single-cylinder gasoline engine (2) is connected to the gearbox of the traveling wheel (3) via a belt.

3. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traveling wheel (3) includes a traveling wheel gearbox (3-1), a traveling wheel axle (3-2), a traveling wheel body (3-3), an adjustable component (3-4), and a pulley (3-5); The traveling wheel gearbox (3-1) is mounted on the frame (1). The traveling wheel gearbox (3-1) is equipped with a pulley (3-5). The pulley (3-5) is connected to the single-cylinder gasoline engine (2) for transmission. The output end of the traveling wheel gearbox (3-1) is connected to the traveling wheel axle (3-2). The traveling wheel axle (3-2) is equipped with an adjustable component (3-4). The traveling wheel body (3-3) is mounted on the traveling wheel axle (3-2). The wheel track can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting position of the walking wheel body (3-3) on the walking wheel axle (3-2) using the adjustable component (3-4).

4. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary tillage unit (4) includes a rotary tillage blade (4-1), a rotary tillage blade gearbox (4-2), a rotary tillage blade mounting base (4-3), and a rotary tillage blade shaft (4-4); The rotary tiller gearbox (4-2) is fixedly installed on the frame (1). The rotary tiller gearbox (4-2) receives power through belt drive. Rotary tiller shafts (4-4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rotary tiller gearbox (4-2). Rotary tiller blades (4-1) are arranged circumferentially on the rotary tiller shafts (4-4) through the rotary tiller fixing seats (4-3). The rotary tiller (4-1) includes a rotary tiller handle (4-1-1), a fixing hole (4-1-2), a cutting edge (4-1-3), and a blade tip (4-1-4). The rotary tiller handle (4-1-1) has a fixing hole (4-1-2), and the rotary tiller (4-1) is angularly locked to the rotary tiller mounting base (4-3) through the fixing hole (4-1-2).

5. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ridging and pressing unit (5) also includes a first ridging plate (5-1), a second ridging plate (5-2), and a pressing plate (5-3); The first ridging plate (5-1) is set at the front end of the frame (1). One end of the first ridging plate (5-1) is fixed and the other end is telescopically adjustable. The second ridging plate (5-2) and the soil pressing plate (5-3) are installed at the same position on the frame (1). The lower end of the soil pressing plate (5-3) is hinged to the soil pressing plate fixing shaft (5-6), and the upper end of the soil pressing plate (5-3) is connected to the transmission connecting rod (5-5).

6. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable press wheel (6) includes a press wheel (6-1), a press wheel control rod (6-2), and a press wheel control rod fixing seat (6-3); The press wheel (6-1) is hinged to the press wheel control rod (6-2), the press wheel control rod (6-2) is assembled in the press wheel control rod fixing seat (6-3), and the press wheel control rod fixing seat (6-3) is fixed to the front end of the frame (1); The press wheel control lever (6-2) can slide and lock within the press wheel control lever fixing seat (6-3). By changing the position of the press wheel control lever (6-2), the height of the press wheel (6-1) can be adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of soil entering the rotary tillage.

7. The integrated agricultural ditching and ridging device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blade tip (4-1-4) and cutting edge (4-1-3) of the rotary tiller (4-1) are clad with a wear-resistant alloy layer, and the rotary tiller (4-1) is an asymmetrical curved biomimetic blade body; A high-pressure airflow channel is provided above the rotary tillage unit (4). The high-pressure airflow channel uses the residual pressure of the engine exhaust to generate directional airflow to blow away the soil adhering to the surface of the rotary tillage blades (4-1).

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