An unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry planting

Abstract

The present application discloses a kind of unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry planting, it is related to intelligent agricultural power machinery technical field, including installation frame, flatting roller is rotatably installed in the inside of installation frame, fertilizer box is fixedly installed on installation frame, unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry planting further includes soil loosening component installed on installation frame and soil crushing mechanism installed on installation frame;Soil loosening component includes motor installed on installation frame, belt pulley group installed on motor output end and soil loosening roller installed in installation frame for loosening land, when soil loosening, hinged rod drives soil crushing plate to extrude and crush orchard land, avoid hard shell to block oxygen and moisture penetration, root system breathes smoothly, root hair is easy to absorb nutrient, avoid large soil block to be jammed in overload rotary knife and fertilizing mouth, ensure row spacing, depth, fertilization amount is consistent, reduce failure and energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural power machinery technology, specifically to an unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Intelligent agricultural power machinery refers to modern agricultural equipment that integrates power systems, chassis, automatic control, navigation and positioning, environmental perception and intelligent decision-making, using tractors, combine harvesters, rice transplanters, plant protection drones, field operation robots and other carriers as carriers. It is the core execution unit of smart agriculture.

[0003] Patent publication number CN214676445U relates to a fertilizer box, a base, casters, and a soil loosening mechanism. The fertilizer box contains a fixed fertilizer applicator, and the front of the box contains a watering mechanism. This potato fertilization device with soil loosening function loosens the soil before planting and fertilizing potatoes, improving soil aeration. Fertilizer blocks are placed into the fertilizer box through the inlet and enter a centrifuge tube. Centrifugal force crushes the fertilizer blocks, which are then thrown out of the tube. Larger pieces are filtered out, while the crushed fertilizer falls through the filter to the bottom of the box and finally onto the soil. As the box is manually pushed, fertilizer continuously falls through the screen, fertilizing the soil.

[0004] This device fertilizes the soil by dropping crushed fertilizer through a screen. As the fertilizer box is manually pushed, fertilizer continuously falls through the screen. However, when loosening the soil, the soil clods at the front are hard and difficult to crush, which further reduces the efficiency of the device. This causes seeds to be sown outside the soil when the device is used for planting. At the same time, when crushing excess soil clods, excess waste soil tends to adhere to the device, increasing the cleaning cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an unmanned, self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry cultivation, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry planting, including an installation frame, a flattening roller rotatably installed inside the installation frame, a fertilizer box fixedly installed on the installation frame, and the unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry planting also includes a soil loosening component installed on the installation frame and a soil crushing mechanism installed on the installation frame. The soil loosening assembly includes a motor mounted on a mounting frame, a pulley assembly mounted on the motor output end, and a soil loosening roller mounted inside the mounting frame for loosening the soil. The soil breaking mechanism includes a movable rod installed inside the mounting frame, a movable plate mounted on the movable rod, a soil breaking plate mounted on the side of the movable rod away from the movable plate for breaking soil clods, hinged rods mounted on both sides of the movable plate, and a cam mounted on the loosening roller for breaking up harder soil.

[0007] The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting frame. The pulley assembly is fixedly installed on the side away from the motor and the loosening roller. Cam 1 is hinged to the side of the hinge rod away from the moving plate. Cam 1 is in contact with the outer wall of the mounting frame. The pulley assembly consists of pulley 1, belt and pulley 2. Pulley 2 drives pulley 1 to rotate through the belt.

[0008] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a soil clod shaking mechanism installed inside the mounting frame, which is used to shake the soil clods off the striking plate. The soil clod shaking mechanism includes a striking plate mounted on the mounting frame, a limiting rod mounted on the mounting frame, a pushing rod mounted on the moving plate, and a circular roller installed inside the pushing rod. The pushing rod contacts the outer wall of the striking plate, the circular roller contacts the outer wall of the striking plate, and a torsion spring is provided between the striking plate and the mounting frame.

[0009] During soil loosening, the loosening roller drives the cam to rotate, which in turn drives the hinge rod to move back and forth. This hinge rod then moves the soil-crushing plate to crush the orchard soil before the loosening roller loosens it, preventing the hard crust from blocking oxygen and water penetration. This allows the roots to breathe smoothly and the root hairs to easily absorb nutrients. It also prevents large soil clods from getting stuck at the overloaded rotary cutter and fertilizer inlet, ensuring consistent row spacing, depth, and fertilizer application, and reducing malfunctions and energy consumption. During loosening, the moving plate moves down, causing the push rod to move down as well. The push rod squeezes and rotates the striking plate. When the push rod moves away, it no longer limits the striking plate, which then strikes the soil-crushing plate, vibrating the surrounding soil. The soil that is shaken off is mostly fine and loose, which mixes better with the fertilizer, resulting in a more even distribution of nutrients and facilitating absorption by the cranberry roots.

[0010] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes an anti-clogging mechanism installed inside the mounting frame to remove soil clods from the gaps between the loosening rollers. The anti-clogging mechanism includes a rotating rod installed inside the mounting frame, a rotating plate installed on the rotating rod, a gear one installed on the rotating rod, and a rack installed on the moving plate. The rack contacts the interior of the mounting frame, the rack meshes with the gear one, and the rotating plate contacts the outer wall of the loosening roller.

[0011] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device also includes an indirect fertilization mechanism installed inside the fertilizer box, which is used to indirectly spread fertilizer. The indirect fertilization mechanism includes a rotating rod installed inside the fertilizer box, a spreading plate installed on the rotating rod, two circular plates installed on both sides of the rotating rod, a connecting rod installed on the two circular plates, and a circular plate installed on both sides of the flattening roller.

[0012] While loosening the soil, the moving plate drives the rack to reset and move. The rack drives the rotating plate to clear the loosening roller, preventing the gaps from being entangled by wet soil, grass roots, and cranberry runners, which could cause jamming and machine stoppage. Timely clearing keeps the passage smooth, enabling unmanned, long-term continuous operation and avoiding mid-process failures. At the same time as loosening the soil, to ensure sufficient soil nutrients, fertilizer is applied to the loosened land. At this time, the rotation of the flattening roller drives the first circular plate to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating rod to rotate back and forth. The rotating rod drives the spreading plate to rotate and spread fertilizer intermittently. Intermittent, fixed-point, and quantitative fertilization allows nutrients to be evenly distributed between rows and in the soil layer, avoiding fertilizer accumulation and waste, reducing leaching loss, improving the cranberry's nutrient absorption efficiency, and precisely controlling the total amount of fertilizer.

[0013] The first circular plate is in contact with the outer wall of the mounting frame. The first circular plate and the connecting rod are hinged to the side away from the second circular plate. The second circular plate is in contact with the outer wall of the fertilizer box. The spreading plate is in contact with the inside of the fertilizer box.

[0014] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a dredging mechanism installed inside the fertilizer box to dredge the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box; The unblocking mechanism includes an unblocking plate installed inside the fertilizer box, telescopic connecting rods installed on both sides of the unblocking plate, a connecting block installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic connecting rod, and a second cam installed on the rotating rod. The telescopic connecting rod contacts the outer wall of the fertilizer box, and the connecting block contacts the outer wall of the second cam.

[0015] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a cleaning mechanism installed inside the mounting frame for cleaning waste clay from the flattening rollers; The cleaning mechanism includes a reciprocating screw installed inside the mounting frame, a cleaning plate installed on the reciprocating screw, a fourth gear installed on the reciprocating screw, a second gear installed on the flattening roller, and a third gear installed on the mounting frame.

[0016] While the fertilizer is being applied, the rotating rod drives the second cam to rotate, which in turn drives the unblocking plate to oscillate back and forth. This unblocking plate clears the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box, preventing inconsistent fertilizer supply, missed applications, or fertilizer interruptions. After unblocking, the fertilizer output is continuous and stable, ensuring consistent fertilizer application and avoiding localized fertilizer damage or nutrient deficiency. The fertilizer is evenly dispersed into the soil without accumulating or sticking, and is thoroughly mixed with the soil. After fertilization, the flattening roller drives the second gear to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw to rotate. The reciprocating screw drives the cleaning plate to move back and forth along the flattening roller. After cleaning, the operation is more stable, and the even pressing helps to lock in moisture, fix the fertilizer, and promote root development. Only when the roller is clean can an ideal soil layer with a loose top and firm bottom be formed, improving water and fertilizer retention.

[0017] A rubber telescopic sleeve is fitted around the circumference of the reciprocating screw. The cleaning plate contacts the outer wall of the flattening roller. Gear four meshes with gear three, and gear three meshes with gear two.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, during soil loosening, the loosening roller drives the cam to rotate, and the cam drives the hinge rod to move back and forth. This causes the hinge rod to move the soil-crushing plate to crush the orchard soil before the loosening roller loosens it, thus preventing the hard crust from blocking oxygen and water penetration, allowing the roots to breathe smoothly and the root hairs to easily absorb nutrients. It also prevents large soil clods from getting stuck at the overloaded rotary cutter and fertilizer inlet, ensuring consistent row spacing, depth, and fertilizer application, and reducing malfunctions and energy consumption. During soil loosening, the moving plate moves down, driving the push rod to move down as well. The push rod squeezes and rotates the striking plate. When the push rod leaves, it no longer limits the striking plate, and the striking plate will strike the soil-crushing plate, vibrating the external soil. The soil that is shaken off is mostly fine and loose, which can mix better with fertilizer, resulting in a more even distribution of nutrients, which is beneficial for cranberry root absorption.

[0019] 2. In this invention, while loosening the soil, the moving plate drives the rack to reset and move. The rack drives the rotating plate to clear the loosening roller, preventing the gaps from being entangled by wet soil, grass roots, and cranberry runners, which could cause jamming and machine stoppage. Timely clearing can keep the channel smooth, enabling unmanned long-term continuous operation and avoiding mid-process failures. At the same time as loosening the soil, in order to ensure sufficient soil nutrients, the loosened land is fertilized. At this time, the rotation of the flattening roller will drive the first circular plate to rotate. The first circular plate drives the rotating rod to rotate back and forth. The rotating rod drives the spreading plate to rotate and spread intermittently. Intermittent fixed-point and quantitative fertilization can make nutrients evenly dispersed between rows and in the soil layer, avoiding fertilizer accumulation and waste, reducing leaching loss, improving the absorption efficiency of nutrients by cranberries, and accurately controlling the total amount of fertilizer.

[0020] 3. In this invention, while spreading fertilizer, the rotating rod rotates, causing the second cam to rotate. The second cam drives the unblocking plate to swing back and forth, thereby unblocking the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box. This prevents inconsistent fertilizer supply, missed application, or interruption of fertilizer application. After unblocking, the fertilizer output is continuous and stable, ensuring consistent fertilizer application and avoiding localized fertilizer damage or nutrient deficiency. The fertilizer is evenly dispersed into the soil without accumulation or sticking, and is fully mixed with the soil. After fertilization, the flattening roller drives the second gear to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw to rotate. The reciprocating screw drives the cleaning plate to move back and forth along the flattening roller. After cleaning, the operation is more stable, and the even pressing can lock in moisture, fix the fertilizer, and facilitate root development. Only when the roller is clean can an ideal soil layer with a loose top and firm bottom be formed, improving the water and fertilizer retention effect. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the motor and the loosening roller in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of cams 1 and 12 and the striking plate of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structural position at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional structure of the rotating rod and rotating plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the connecting rod and the spreading plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the position and structure of the unblocking plate and the second cam in this invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structural position at point B in the middle.

[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Motor; 3. Pulley assembly; 4. Loosening roller; 5. Flattening roller; 6. Moving rod; 7. Moving plate; 8. Soil crushing plate; 9. Hinge rod; 10. Cam one; 11. Fertilizer box; 12. Striking plate; 13. Limiting rod; 14. Push rod; 15. Circular roller; 16. Anti-clogging mechanism; 161. Rack; 162. Rotating rod; 163. Gear one; 164. Rotating plate; 165. Circular plate one; 166. Connecting rod; 167. Circular plate two; 168. Rotating rod; 169. Spreading plate; 17. Unblocking mechanism; 171. Unblocking plate; 172. Telescopic connecting rod; 173. Connecting block; 174. Cam two; 175. Reciprocating screw; 176. Cleaning plate; 177. Gear two; 178. Gear three; 179. Gear four. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1: Please see Figures 1-4 One embodiment of the present invention is: an unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry planting, including an installation frame 1, a flattening roller 5 rotatably installed inside the installation frame 1, a fertilizer box 11 fixedly installed on the installation frame 1, and the unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry planting also includes a soil loosening component installed on the installation frame 1 and a soil crushing mechanism installed on the installation frame 1. The soil loosening assembly includes a motor 2 mounted on the mounting frame 1, a pulley assembly 3 mounted on the output end of the motor 2, and a soil loosening roller 4 mounted inside the mounting frame 1 for loosening the soil. The soil breaking mechanism includes a movable rod 6 installed inside the mounting frame 1, a movable plate 7 installed on the movable rod 6, a soil breaking plate 8 installed on the side of the movable rod 6 away from the movable plate 7 for breaking soil clods, hinge rods 9 installed on both sides of the movable plate 7, and a cam 10 installed on the loosening roller 4 for breaking up harder soil.

[0025] The output end of motor 2 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of mounting frame 1. The side of pulley group 3 away from motor 2 is fixedly installed with loosening roller 4. Cam 10 is hinged to the side of hinge rod 9 away from moving plate 7. Cam 10 is in contact with the outer wall of mounting frame 1. Pulley group 3 consists of pulley 1, belt and pulley 2. Pulley 2 drives pulley 1 to rotate through belt.

[0026] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a soil clod shaking mechanism installed inside the mounting frame 1, which is used to shake the soil clods off the striking plate 12. The soil clod shaking mechanism includes a striking plate 12 mounted on the mounting frame 1, a limiting rod 13 mounted on the mounting frame 1, a pushing rod 14 mounted on the moving plate 7, and a circular roller 15 installed inside the pushing rod 14. The pushing rod 14 contacts the outer wall of the striking plate 12, the circular roller 15 contacts the outer wall of the striking plate 12, and a torsion spring is provided between the striking plate 12 and the mounting frame 1.

[0027] In addition, when the motor 2 is working, it will be protected by the outer protective shell of the mounting frame 1. When the pulley group 3 is working, it will also be protected by the protective shell on the mounting frame 1 to prevent soil fragments from being rolled in. The internal working group of the fertilizer box 11 will be filled with fertilizer. The operation of the pulley group 3 will be driven by the belt drive of the first pulley, which will drive the second pulley to rotate. The rotation of the second pulley will drive the loosening roller 4 to rotate. The reciprocating rotation of the hinge rod 9 will be converted into a reciprocating force. Thus, the reciprocating movement of the hinge rod 9 will drive the moving plate 7 to reciprocate. The reciprocating movement of the moving plate 7 will drive the moving rod 6 to reciprocate along the inside of the mounting frame 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, before planting cranberries, the farmer needs to ensure the soil is loose and suitable for sowing. Fertilizer should also be applied to the loosened soil to ensure sufficient nutrient absorption for optimal cranberry growth. Before planting, the installation frame 1 needs to be connected to a drone. The drone drives the installation frame 1 for automated sowing. During sowing, the farmer remotely controls the drone, which moves the installation frame 1 forward across the field. The installation frame 1 also moves the loosening roller 4. Simultaneously, the installation frame 1 drives the motor 2, which operates via sensors. The motor 2's operation drives the pulley assembly 3, which in turn drives a belt drive. This belt drive, in turn, rotates the loosening roller 4, loosening the soil. Simultaneously, the rotation of the loosening roller 4 also rotates the cam 10. The rotation of cam 10 will drive hinge rod 9 to reciprocate through the hinge point. The reciprocating rotation of hinge rod 9 will be converted into reciprocating force, which will drive moving plate 7 to reciprocate. Moving plate 7 will drive moving rod 6 to reciprocate along the interior of mounting frame 1. Moving rod 6 will drive soil crushing plate 8 to reciprocate. With the linkage between hinge rod 9 and moving plate 7, when soil crushing plate 8 moves down, it will crush the orchard soil before loosening roller 4 loosens it, thus making loosening roller 4... Loosening the soil is quicker and easier. When the moving plate 7 moves up, the soil crushing plate 8 will reset, thus completing one operation. At the same time, the installation frame 1 will drive the flattening roller 5 to move. The flattening roller 5 moves to flatten the soil. Before flattening, the fertilizer box 11 will spread the fertilizer needed by the land into the loose soil, so that the soil clods are broken up and the pores are uniform. This avoids the hard shell blocking oxygen and water penetration, allowing the roots to breathe smoothly and the root hairs to easily absorb nutrients. It also prevents large soil clods from getting stuck at the overloaded rotary cutter and fertilizer inlet, ensuring that the row spacing, depth and fertilizer amount are consistent, reducing failures and energy consumption. During soil loosening, the soil crushing plate 8 crushes the orchard soil. When the crushing plate 8 resets, a certain amount of soil adheres to the equipment. During operation, the moving plate 7 moves downwards, causing the push rod 14 to move downwards. The push rod 14 then moves the roller 15 downwards. The roller 15, as it moves downwards, contacts the outer wall of the striking plate 12 through its circumferential surface. This movement of the roller 15, through compression, causes the striking plate 12 to rotate. The striking plate 12 then releases the limit rod 13. At this point, the rotation of the striking plate 12 rotates the torsion spring between it and the mounting frame 1. After the soil crushing plate 8 completes its work and resets, the moving plate 7 drives the push rod 14 to reset, and the push rod 14 then... The roller 15 resets and no longer contacts the outer wall of the striking plate 12, thus removing the limit on the striking plate 12. The striking plate 12 is rotated and reset by the force of the torsion spring. The reset striking plate 12 contacts the top of the soil-crushing plate 8 through the striking end, thus striking the soil-crushing plate 8 to vibrate. The vibration of the soil-crushing plate 8 shakes off the external soil. The limiting rod 13 also limits the striking plate 12, ensuring that the crushing plate always remains sharp and efficient. The soil clods are of uniform size, creating a good loose soil layer for the shallow roots of cranberries. The shaken-off soil is mostly fine and loose soil, which can be better mixed with fertilizer, resulting in a more even distribution of nutrients, which is beneficial for the absorption of cranberry roots.

[0029] Example 2: Please see Figures 5-6 Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, the unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device further includes an anti-clogging mechanism 16 installed inside the mounting frame 1, which is used to remove soil clods from the gaps in the loosening rollers 4. The anti-clogging mechanism 16 includes a rotating rod 162 installed inside the mounting frame 1, a rotating plate 164 installed on the rotating rod 162, a gear 163 installed on the rotating rod 162, and a rack 161 installed on the moving plate 7. The rack 161 is in contact with the inside of the mounting frame 1, the rack 161 meshes with the gear 163, and the rotating plate 164 is in contact with the outer wall of the loosening roller 4.

[0030] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device also includes an indirect fertilization mechanism installed inside the fertilizer box 11, which is used to indirectly spread fertilizer. The indirect fertilization mechanism includes a rotating rod 168 installed inside the fertilizer box 11, a spreading plate 169 installed on the rotating rod 168, a second circular plate 167 installed on both sides of the rotating rod 168, a connecting rod 166 installed on the second circular plate 167, and a first circular plate 165 installed on both sides of the flattening roller 5.

[0031] The first circular plate 165 contacts the outer wall of the mounting frame 1. The first circular plate 165 and the connecting rod 166 are hinged to the side away from the second circular plate 167. The second circular plate 167 contacts the outer wall of the fertilizer box 11. The spreading plate 169 contacts the inside of the fertilizer box 11.

[0032] Furthermore, a connecting rod 166 is hinged to the circumferential surface of circular plate 165. Thus, the rotation of circular plate 165 will drive the hinge of connecting rod 166 to reciprocate through the hinge point. This reciprocating rotation of the hinge point will drive the connecting rod 166 to reciprocate. The reciprocating movement of connecting rod 166 will then be hinged to the outer wall of circular plate 167 through the hinge point at the other end, thereby driving circular plate 167 to rotate back to its original position.

[0033] In this embodiment, during operation: while loosening the soil, the loosening roller 4 will cause soil to become clogged in the gaps. At this time, the reciprocating movement of the moving plate 7 will synchronously drive the rack 161 to reset. The rack 161 meshes with the gear 163. The downward movement of the rack 161 will drive the gear 163 to rotate clockwise. The gear 163 will drive the rotating rod 162 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the rotating rod 162 will drive the rotating plate 164 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the rotating plate 164 will clean the soil clods inside the loosening roller 4. When the rack 16... 1. When moving upward, rack 161 will drive gear 163 to reverse, gear 163 will drive rotating rod 162 to reverse, and rotating rod 162 will drive rotating plate 164 to reset, thereby clearing the soil loosening roller 4 in one operation, preventing the gap from being entangled and wrapped by wet soil, grass roots, and cranberry runners, which would cause jamming and machine stoppage. Timely clearing can keep the channel smooth, realize unmanned long-term continuous operation, avoid midway failure, clearing can prevent secondary compaction, maintain soil porosity, and facilitate root respiration and water and fertilizer infiltration. While loosening the soil, to ensure sufficient soil nutrients, fertilizer is applied to the loosened land. At this time, the rotation of the flattening roller 5 will drive the circular plate 165 to rotate. The circumference of the circular plate 165 is hinged to the connecting rod 166. Thus, the rotation of the circular plate 165 will drive the hinge of the connecting rod 166 to reciprocate through the hinge point. This reciprocating rotation of the hinge point will drive the connecting rod 166 to move back and forth. The reciprocating movement of the connecting rod 166 will then be hinged to the outer wall of the circular plate 167 at the other end, thereby driving the circular plate 167 to return to its original rotation. Plate 167 drives the rotating rod 168 to rotate reciprocally, and the rotating rod 168 drives the spreading plate 169 to rotate. When the spreading plate 169 rotates, it sends the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box 11 into its own spreading groove. During rotation, the spreading plate 169 intermittently spreads the fertilizer in the spreading groove. This intermittent, fixed-point, and quantitative fertilization allows nutrients to be evenly distributed between rows and in the soil layer, avoiding fertilizer accumulation and waste, reducing leaching loss, improving the cranberry's nutrient absorption efficiency, reducing ineffective fertilization while ensuring growth needs, and precisely controlling the total amount of fertilizer.

[0034] Example 3: Please see Figures 6-7Based on the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, the unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device further includes a dredging mechanism 17 installed inside the fertilizer box 11 for dredging the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box 11. The unblocking mechanism 17 includes an unblocking plate 171 installed inside the fertilizer box 11, telescopic connecting rods 172 installed on both sides of the unblocking plate 171, a connecting block 173 installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic connecting rod 172, and a second cam 174 installed on the rotating rod 168. The telescopic connecting rod 172 contacts the outer wall of the fertilizer box 11, and the connecting block 173 contacts the outer wall of the second cam 174.

[0035] The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a cleaning mechanism installed inside the mounting frame 1 for cleaning waste clay on the flattening roller 5; The cleaning mechanism includes a reciprocating screw 175 installed inside the mounting frame 1, a cleaning plate 176 installed on the reciprocating screw 175, a gear 179 installed on the reciprocating screw 175, a gear 177 installed on the flattening roller 5, and a gear 178 installed on the mounting frame 1.

[0036] A rubber telescopic sleeve is fitted around the circumference of the reciprocating screw 175. The cleaning plate 176 contacts the outer wall of the flattening roller 5. Gear 4 179 meshes with gear 3 178, and gear 3 178 meshes with gear 2 177.

[0037] In addition, the second cam 174 drives the connecting block 173 to reciprocate through the irregular arc surface of the circumference. The reciprocating movement of the connecting block 173 drives the telescopic end of the telescopic connecting rod 172 to reciprocate and rotate. The second gear 177 meshes with the third gear 178, so the rotation of the second gear 177 drives the rotation of the third gear 178. The third gear 178 meshes with the fourth gear 179, so the third gear 178 drives the fourth gear 179 to rotate.

[0038] In this embodiment, during fertilizer application, to ensure smooth application, the rotating rod 168 rotates, causing the second cam 174 to rotate. The rotating cam 174 contacts the connecting block 173 through its circumferential surface. The irregular arc surface of the cam 174 drives the connecting block 173 to reciprocate. The reciprocating movement of the connecting block 173 drives the telescopic end of the telescopic connecting rod 172 to reciprocate and rotate. The rotation of the telescopic connecting rod 172 drives the unblocking plate 171 to swing back and forth, thereby unblocking the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box 11. This prevents inconsistent fertilizer supply, missed application, or interruption of fertilizer application. After unblocking, the fertilizer output is continuous and stable, with a consistent amount of fertilizer applied, avoiding local fertilizer damage or nutrient deficiency. The fertilizer is evenly dispersed into the soil, without accumulation or sticking, and is fully mixed with the soil, which is beneficial for the shallow root system of cranberries to absorb fertilizer and reduces fertilizer loss.

[0039] After fertilization, as the flattening roller 5 rotates, it drives gear two 177 to rotate. Gear two 177 meshes with gear three 178, which in turn drives gear three 178 to rotate. Gear three 178 then meshes with gear four 179, which in turn drives gear four 179 to rotate. The rotation of gear four 179 drives the reciprocating screw 175 to rotate, which in turn drives the reciprocating groove on the circumferential surface to rotate. This allows the cleaning plate 176 to move along the flattening roller via the reciprocating groove. 5 moves back and forth, thereby cleaning the outer wall of the pressing roller 5 through the cleaning plate 176. While the cleaning plate 176 is working, the reciprocating movement of the cleaning plate 176 will drive the rubber telescopic sleeve on the circumferential surface of the reciprocating screw 175 to reciprocate and extend. Too much mud will change the outer diameter and friction of the pressing roller, causing slippage and deviation, affecting the walking trajectory and the accuracy of fertilization and loosening positions. After cleaning, the operation is more stable, and uniform pressing can lock in moisture, fix fertilizer, and facilitate root rooting. Only when the pressing roller is clean can an ideal soil layer with a loose top and a firm bottom be formed, improving the water and fertilizer retention effect.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0041] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-propelled unmanned soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation, comprising an installation frame (1), wherein a flattening roller (5) is rotatably installed inside the installation frame (1), and a fertilizer box (11) is fixedly installed on the installation frame (1), characterized in that, The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry cultivation also includes a soil loosening component installed on the mounting frame (1) and a soil crushing mechanism installed on the mounting frame (1). The soil loosening assembly includes a motor (2) mounted on the mounting frame (1), a pulley assembly (3) mounted on the output end of the motor (2), and a soil loosening roller (4) mounted inside the mounting frame (1) for loosening the soil. The soil breaking mechanism includes a movable rod (6) installed inside the mounting frame (1), a movable plate (7) installed on the movable rod (6), a soil breaking plate (8) installed on the side of the movable rod (6) away from the movable plate (7) for breaking soil clods, hinge rods (9) installed on both sides of the movable plate (7), and a cam (10) installed on the loosening roller (4) for breaking up harder soil.

2. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mounting frame (1). The pulley group (3) is fixedly installed on the side away from the motor (2) and the loosening roller (4). The cam (10) is hinged to the side of the hinge rod (9) away from the moving plate (7). The cam (10) is in contact with the outer wall of the mounting frame (1). The pulley group (3) consists of pulley one, belt and pulley two. The pulley two drives pulley one to rotate through the belt.

3. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a soil block shaking mechanism installed inside the mounting frame (1) for shaking the soil blocks off the striking plate (12); The soil clod shaking mechanism includes a striking plate (12) mounted on the mounting frame (1), a limiting rod (13) mounted on the mounting frame (1), a pushing rod (14) mounted on the moving plate (7), and a circular roller (15) mounted inside the pushing rod (14). The pushing rod (14) contacts the outer wall of the striking plate (12), the circular roller (15) contacts the outer wall of the striking plate (12), and a torsion spring is provided between the striking plate (12) and the mounting frame (1).

4. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes an anti-clogging mechanism (16) installed inside the mounting frame (1) to remove soil clods from the gaps in the loosening rollers (4). The anti-clogging mechanism (16) includes a rotating rod (162) installed inside the mounting frame (1), a rotating plate (164) installed on the rotating rod (162), a gear (163) installed on the rotating rod (162), and a rack (161) installed on the moving plate (7). The rack (161) is in contact with the interior of the mounting frame (1), the rack (161) meshes with the gear (163), and the rotating plate (164) is in contact with the outer wall of the loosening roller (4).

5. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device also includes an indirect fertilization mechanism installed inside the fertilizer box (11) for indirectly sprinkling fertilizer. The indirect fertilization mechanism includes a rotating rod (168) installed inside the fertilizer box (11), a spreading plate (169) installed on the rotating rod (168), a second circular plate (167) installed on both sides of the rotating rod (168), a connecting rod (166) installed on the second circular plate (167), and a first circular plate (165) installed on both sides of the flattening roller (5).

6. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first circular plate (165) is in contact with the outer wall of the mounting frame (1), the first circular plate (165) and the connecting rod (166) are hinged to the side away from the second circular plate (167), the second circular plate (167) is in contact with the outer wall of the fertilizer box (11), and the spreading plate (169) is in contact with the inside of the fertilizer box (11).

7. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device also includes a dredging mechanism (17) installed inside the fertilizer box (11) for dredging the fertilizer inside the fertilizer box (11); The unblocking mechanism (17) includes an unblocking plate (171) installed inside the fertilizer box (11), telescopic connecting rods (172) installed on both sides of the unblocking plate (171), a connecting block (173) installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic connecting rod (172), and a cam (174) installed on the rotating rod (168). The telescopic connecting rod (172) contacts the outer wall of the fertilizer box (11), and the connecting block (173) contacts the outer wall of the cam (174).

8. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilization device also includes a cleaning mechanism installed inside the mounting frame (1) for cleaning waste clay on the flattening roller (5); The cleaning mechanism includes a reciprocating screw (175) installed inside the mounting frame (1), a cleaning plate (176) installed on the reciprocating screw (175), a gear four (179) installed on the reciprocating screw (175), a gear two (177) installed on the flattening roller (5), and a gear three (178) installed on the mounting frame (1).

9. The unmanned self-propelled soil loosening and fertilizing device for cranberry cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reciprocating screw (175) is fitted with a rubber telescopic sleeve on its circumferential surface. The cleaning plate (176) is in contact with the outer wall of the flattening roller (5). The fourth gear (179) meshes with the third gear (178), and the third gear (178) meshes with the second gear (177).

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