A device for improving saline-alkali soil and infiltrating irrigation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of saline-alkali soil improvement infiltration irrigation devices, including filter and infiltration irrigation unit, infiltration irrigation unit includes water inlet pipe, water inlet pipe upper end is connected with vertical pipe, vertical pipe middle part is connected with cross pipe to form cross shape, cross pipe both ends are connected with a group of infiltration irrigation pipe, and infiltration irrigation pipe is equipped with infiltration irrigation hole;When water supply, barrier assembly opens, drainage assembly closes, water is infiltrated into infiltration irrigation pipe through vertical pipe, cross pipe;When water stop, barrier assembly closes to prevent backflow, drainage assembly opens to discharge residual water and reverse infiltration mud water;It is also provided with control system, each infiltration irrigation unit is centrally controlled by total control solenoid valve and controller;And temperature sensor and rainfall sensor are provided, irrigation intensity calculation model Q=Q0×f (T) ×g (P) is built-in controller, and infiltration irrigation intensity is dynamically adjusted according to ambient temperature and rainfall.The present application realizes automatic switching of water supply and drainage by pure mechanical structure, and has low cost and low failure rate, realizes precise water-saving irrigation by combining intelligent control and meteorological self-adaptive algorithm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seepage irrigation technology, specifically to a seepage irrigation device for improving saline-alkali land. Background Technology

[0002] In saline-alkali land improvement, drip irrigation is a highly efficient method that uses underground pipelines to slowly and evenly deliver water or amendment solutions to the crop root zone, thereby leaching salts and regulating soil physicochemical properties. It combines the dual functions of water-saving irrigation and saline-alkali land improvement, and is widely used in the treatment of saline-alkali land in arid and semi-arid regions. Drip irrigation offers advantages such as water conservation, high efficiency, reduced salt accumulation on the surface, and improved soil microenvironment. It directly supplies water to the root zone, reducing surface evaporation and water loss during transport. Water utilization is 50%-70% higher than flood irrigation, making it particularly suitable for saline-alkali land treatment in water-scarce areas. Compared to sprinkler and drip irrigation (surface-mounted), drip irrigation water diffuses from underground, preventing salt accumulation on the surface during evaporation. Long-term use can steadily reduce the salt content of the topsoil. Slow infiltration ensures even soil wetting, preventing localized waterlogging, promoting soil microbial activity and root respiration, and reducing fluctuations in soil physicochemical properties caused by drastic water changes.

[0003] In drip irrigation systems, water is forced out of the drip pipes through tiny drip holes by water pressure. When the water supply stops, the water inside the drip pipes is not easily drained, which can lead to problems such as the deposition of impurities in the water and freezing and cracking of the drip pipes. In addition, since the drip pipes are buried underground, the silt and sand underground can easily seep back into the drip pipes, causing silt and sand to accumulate inside. In addition, the water supplied by the drip irrigation system contains some silt that has not been completely purified, which can easily cause blockages in the drip pipes. Since the drip pipes are buried underground, the maintenance cost is extremely high if they become blocked. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seepage irrigation device for improving saline-alkali land, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device, comprising a filter and a drip irrigation unit, wherein the drip irrigation unit comprises an inlet pipe, a vertical pipe is connected to the upper radial direction of the inlet pipe, a horizontal pipe is connected near the middle of the vertical pipe, and the horizontal pipe and the vertical pipe are intersected to form a cross shape; Near both ends of the horizontal pipe, there is a set of drip irrigation pipes. Each set of drip irrigation pipes has two pipes, located on both sides of the horizontal pipe in the radial direction. The drip irrigation pipes have several drip irrigation holes evenly distributed on them for water discharge. The vertical pipe is equipped with a barrier component to prevent backflow of seepage water; Both sides of the vertical pipe are equipped with drainage components for draining excess water from inside the irrigation pipe. When the inlet pipe supplies water upwards, the barrier component opens and the drainage component closes, and the water flows through the vertical and horizontal pipes into the seepage irrigation pipe to irrigate the land. When the water inlet pipe is shut off, the barrier component closes and the drainage component opens, allowing the remaining water inside the drip irrigation pipe and horizontal pipe to be discharged through the drainage component.

[0006] The barrier assembly includes a barrier post slidably disposed inside the vertical tube. The barrier post slidably is controlled by a spring at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical tubes. The barrier post slids the vertical tube into upper and lower sections and the horizontal tube into left and right sections. The spring is located inside the upper section of the vertical tube. When the inlet pipe supplies water upward, the barrier column is pushed into the upper section of the vertical pipe by the water pressure, so that the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe are connected. When the water inlet pipe is shut off, the barrier column returns to its initial position, preventing residual water inside the drip irrigation pipe and horizontal pipe from flowing back into the water inlet pipe.

[0007] The drainage assembly includes a drainage pipe connected to the horizontal pipe and a drainage branch pipe connected to the lower section of the vertical pipe. The drainage branch pipe and the drainage pipe are connected at an intersection to form a cross shape, and the bottom of the drainage pipe has an open structure. The drainage branch pipe is equipped with a second barrier column that slides inside. The second barrier column is controlled by a second spring on one side of the drainage pipe, and the second barrier column is located at one end close to the vertical pipe. The second spring is located on the other side of the drainage pipe. When the inlet pipe supplies water upwards, the second barrier column is pushed by the water pressure to the intersection of the drain pipe and the drain branch pipe, thus sealing the drain pipe. When the water inlet pipe stops, the second barrier column returns to its initial position and opens the drain pipe and drain branch pipe to drain water.

[0008] The filter has an inlet at the top and an outlet pipe on one side of the bottom. The outlet pipe is connected to a primary water supply pipeline via a water pump. The primary water supply pipeline is connected to multiple secondary water supply pipelines. The seepage irrigation pipe is laid in the same direction as the secondary water supply pipelines. Multiple seepage irrigation units are installed on the secondary water supply pipelines. Both the seepage irrigation units and the secondary water supply pipelines are buried underground.

[0009] The upper end of the vertical pipe and one end of the drainage branch pipe are both open structures, and the openings are connected to a detachable sealing assembly. Both ends of the inlet pipe are directly connected to the secondary water transmission pipeline, and each irrigation unit does not have an independent solenoid valve or control circuit.

[0010] The sealing assembly includes a sealing element, which is connected to the vertical pipe and the drainage branch pipe by threads, and the outer end of the sealing element is provided with an external hexagon for easy disassembly. A sealing gasket is provided between the sealing element and the vertical pipe and the drainage branch pipe.

[0011] The bottom of the drain pipe is provided with a detachable protective cover, and the end face of the protective cover has several through holes evenly distributed.

[0012] It also includes a control system, which includes a main control solenoid valve installed on the primary water supply pipeline and a controller electrically connected to the main control solenoid valve. The controller is used to control the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve to achieve centralized water supply control for each irrigation unit. The controller is wirelessly connected to a third-party meteorological service platform via a wireless communication module to obtain weather forecast data and adjust the seepage irrigation plan in advance based on the predicted rainfall and temperature for the next hour. The controller connects wirelessly to a third-party meteorological service platform via a wireless communication module to obtain weather forecast data and adjust the drip irrigation plan in advance based on the predicted rainfall and temperature for the next hour.

[0013] It also includes a soil salinity sensor and a soil moisture sensor installed in the root zone of the soil. The soil salinity sensor and the soil moisture sensor are electrically connected to the controller. The controller controls the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve according to the detection signals of the soil salinity sensor and the soil moisture sensor. It also includes a temperature sensor and a rainfall sensor installed above the ground in the drip irrigation area, and the temperature sensor and the rainfall sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively; The temperature sensor is used to collect ambient temperature data in real time, and the rainfall sensor is used to detect rainfall events and rainfall data in real time. The controller has a built-in irrigation intensity calculation model, which calculates the seepage irrigation intensity Q based on ambient temperature data and rainfall data. The calculation method is as follows: ; in, Based on the intensity of seepage irrigation, This is the temperature correction factor. This is a rainfall correction factor; The temperature correction coefficient f(T) is calculated as follows: When T≤T min hour, =0; When T min <T<T opt hour, =(TT min ) / (T opt -T min ); When T opt ≤T≤T min hour, =1; When T>T max , =1+k×(T-T max ); wherein T is the ambient temperature, T min is the preset minimum temperature threshold, T opt is the preset optimum temperature, T max is the preset maximum temperature threshold, and k is the high temperature compensation coefficient; The calculation method of the rainfall correction coefficient g(P) is as follows: When P=0, =1; When 0<P<P1, =1-α×P; When P1≤P≤P2, = ; When P>P2, =0; wherein P is the real-time rainfall, P1 is the light rain threshold, P2 is the moderate rain threshold, α is the rainfall discount coefficient, the minimum correction coefficient.

[0014] The controller includes a wireless communication module, which is wirelessly connected to a remote terminal, and is configured to receive remote control instructions and send equipment operation state information.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: According to the present invention, by arranging the blocking assembly, when the water supply pipe supplies water upwards, the water flow upwards presses the first blocking column, so that the first blocking column moves upwards into the upper half section of the vertical pipe, the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe are in a communicated state, the water flow enters the horizontal pipe from the vertical pipe, then the water flow flows into the subsurface irrigation pipe through the horizontal pipe, and is discharged through the subsurface irrigation holes on the surface of the subsurface irrigation pipe to perform subsurface irrigation on the soil. By arranging two rows of subsurface irrigation pipes, the subsurface irrigation area and the subsurface irrigation effect can be improved. When the water supply pipe stops supplying water, the first blocking column returns to the initial position, blocking the residual water inside the subsurface irrigation pipe and the horizontal pipe from flowing back to the water supply pipe; By setting up a drainage assembly, when the inlet pipe supplies water upwards, the water flows from the vertical pipe into the drainage branch pipe and squeezes the second barrier column, causing the second barrier column to move to the intersection of the drainage branch pipe and the drainage pipe. At the same time, the second spring is compressed, causing the drainage pipe to be closed. When the inlet pipe stops supplying water, due to the lack of water pressure, the second spring rebounds and causes the second barrier column to move away from the intersection of the drainage branch pipe and the drainage pipe, causing the drainage pipe to be opened. At this time, the residual water and the backflow mud water inside the drip irrigation pipe will flow into the horizontal pipe. Since the first barrier column closes the vertical pipe and the drainage pipe is opened, the residual water and backflow mud water inside the drip irrigation pipe can only be discharged downwards from the two drainage pipes, thus preventing the accumulation of mud water inside the drip irrigation pipe. When the irrigation pipe becomes severely blocked, the solenoid valves on both sides of the inlet pipe are closed. The backwashing mechanism can backwash the blocked irrigation pipe. The motor drives the pressure plate to rise rapidly, thus providing greater water pressure. This allows the irrigation pipe to be backwashed and the blocked pipe to be cleared, solving the problem of the difficulty in clearing the blockage of underground irrigation pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drip irrigation unit structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drip irrigation unit structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the drip irrigation unit of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the drip irrigation unit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the drip irrigation unit of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Filter; 11. Inlet; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Water pump; 14. Primary water supply pipeline; 15. Secondary water supply pipeline; 2. Drip irrigation unit; 21. Inlet pipe; 22. Vertical pipe; 23. Horizontal pipe; 24. Drip irrigation pipe; 25. Drip irrigation hole; 3. Barrier assembly; 31. Barrier column one; 32. Spring one; 4. Drainage assembly; 41. Drainage pipe; 42. Drainage branch pipe; 43. Barrier column two; 44. Spring two; 45. Protective cover; 7. Sealing assembly; 71. Seal; 72. External hexagon; 73. Sealing gasket; 8. Main control solenoid valve; 9. Controller; 10. Soil salinity sensor; 20. Soil moisture sensor; 30. Wireless communication module; 40. Remote terminal; 50. Temperature sensor; 60. Rainfall sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: Please see Figure 1-6 This invention provides a technical solution: a saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device, comprising a filter 1 and drip irrigation units 2; the filter 1 has an inlet 11 at the upper end and an outlet pipe 12 on one side of the bottom, the outlet pipe 12 is connected to a primary water supply pipe 14 through a water pump 13, the primary water supply pipe 14 is connected to multiple secondary water supply pipes 15, the drip irrigation pipe 24 is laid in the same direction as the secondary water supply pipes 15, multiple drip irrigation units 2 are installed on the secondary water supply pipes 15, the two ends of the inlet pipe 21 are directly connected to the secondary water supply pipes 15 respectively, each drip irrigation unit 2 does not have an independent solenoid valve and control circuit inside, and the drip irrigation unit 2 and the secondary water supply pipes 15 are buried underground.

[0020] During drip irrigation, water is supplied from the inlet 11 to the filter 1, which filters the water. The filtered water is then pumped by the pump 13 to the primary water supply pipe 14, which then supplies water to multiple secondary water supply pipes 15. The secondary water supply pipes 15 supply water to multiple drip irrigation units 2 installed on them, allowing the drip irrigation units 2 to irrigate the soil. By setting up several drip irrigation units 2, if a blockage occurs, only the blocked drip irrigation unit 2 needs to be cleared, which facilitates later maintenance.

[0021] The drip irrigation unit 2 includes an inlet pipe 21, a vertical pipe 22 connected to the upper radial end of the inlet pipe 21, a horizontal pipe 23 connected near the middle of the vertical pipe 22, the horizontal pipe 23 and the vertical pipe 22 intersecting to form a cross shape, and a set of drip irrigation pipes 24 connected near both ends of the horizontal pipe 23, each set of drip irrigation pipes 24 having two pipes, located on both sides of the horizontal pipe 23 in the radial direction, and a number of drip irrigation holes 25 for water outlet are evenly distributed on the drip irrigation pipes 24.

[0022] The vertical pipe 22 is equipped with a barrier component 3 for preventing backflow of seepage water. The barrier component 3 includes a barrier post 31 that is slidably disposed inside the vertical pipe 22. The barrier post 31 is controlled by a spring 32 at the intersection of the horizontal pipe 23 and the vertical pipe 22. The barrier post 31 divides the vertical pipe 22 into upper and lower sections and the horizontal pipe 23 into left and right sections. The spring 32 is located inside the upper section of the vertical pipe 22.

[0023] Both sides of the vertical pipe 22 are provided with drainage components 4 for draining the residual water inside the seepage pipe 24. The drainage component 4 includes a drainage pipe 41 connected to the horizontal pipe 23 and a drainage branch pipe 42 connected to the lower section of the vertical pipe 22. The drainage branch pipe 42 and the drainage pipe 41 are cross-connected to form a cross shape. The bottom of the drainage pipe 41 is an open structure.

[0024] The drainage branch pipe 42 is equipped with a second barrier post 43 that slides inside. The second barrier post 43 is controlled by a second spring 44 on one side of the drainage pipe 41 and is located at one end close to the vertical pipe 22. The second spring 44 is located on the other side of the drainage pipe 41. The bottom of the drainage pipe 41 is provided with a detachable protective cover 45. The end face of the protective cover 45 has several through holes evenly distributed to protect the inside of the drainage pipe 41 and prevent large pieces of mud and sand from entering directly.

[0025] The working principle of this drip irrigation unit is as follows: (a) Water supply seepage irrigation status During seepage irrigation, the secondary water supply pipe 15 delivers water to the inlet pipe 21, and then the water flows through the inlet pipe 21 into the vertical pipe 22. The water flow inside the vertical pipe 22 first impacts the drainage component 4: the water flow enters the drainage branch pipe 42 from the vertical pipe 22 and squeezes the second barrier column 43, so that the second barrier column 43 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 44 and moves to the intersection of the drainage branch pipe 42 and the drainage pipe 41, thus sealing the drainage pipe 41.

[0026] At the same time, the water flow inside the vertical pipe 22 impacts the blocking component 3 upwards: the water flow squeezes the blocking column 31 upwards, causing the blocking column 31 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 32 and move upwards into the upper half of the vertical pipe 22, so that the vertical pipe 22 and the horizontal pipe 23 are in a connected state.

[0027] At this time, since the drainage pipe 41 is in a closed state, the water inside the horizontal pipe 23 will not flow out of the drainage pipe 41. The water can only flow into the irrigation pipe 24 through the horizontal pipe 23 and then be discharged through the irrigation holes 25 on the surface of the irrigation pipe 24 to irrigate the soil. By setting up two rows of irrigation pipes 24, the irrigation area and irrigation effect can be effectively improved.

[0028] (ii) Water outage and drainage to prevent blockage After the drip irrigation is completed, the water supply is stopped, and the water pressure in the inlet pipe 21 and the vertical pipe 22 is lost. The spring 32 pushes the barrier column 31 back to its initial position (i.e., the intersection of the horizontal pipe 23 and the vertical pipe 22) through the rebound force, so that the vertical pipe 22 and the horizontal pipe 23 are in a closed state, effectively preventing the residual water inside the drip irrigation pipe 24 and the horizontal pipe 23 from flowing back into the inlet pipe 21.

[0029] At the same time, the second spring 44 uses its rebound force to make the second blocking post 43 move away from the intersection of the drainage branch pipe 42 and the drainage pipe 41, so that the drainage pipe 41 is fully opened.

[0030] When the irrigation pipe 24 stops supplying water, the soil sediment will seep back into the irrigation pipe 24, and there will also be some residual water inside the irrigation pipe 24. At this time, the residual water inside the irrigation pipe 24 and the back-seeped sediment will flow into the horizontal pipe 23 under the action of gravity.

[0031] Since the barrier column 31 seals the vertical pipe 22, while the drainage pipes 41 on both sides are opened, the excess water and muddy water can only be discharged downwards from the two drainage pipes 41 into the deep soil, thus effectively preventing the accumulation of muddy water inside the irrigation pipe 24 and avoiding blockage of the irrigation hole 25.

[0032] (III) Maintenance and Repair Status Both the upper end of the vertical pipe 22 and one end of the drainage branch pipe 42 are open structures, and a detachable sealing assembly 7 is connected to the opening. The sealing assembly 7 includes a sealing element 71, which is connected to the vertical pipe 22 and the drainage branch pipe 42 by threads. The outer end of the sealing element 71 is provided with an external hexagon 72 for easy disassembly, and a sealing gasket 73 is provided between the sealing element 71 and the vertical pipe 22 and the drainage branch pipe 42. The sealing element 71 can be disassembled and installed by rotating the external hexagon 72 with a hex wrench, which makes it easy to open one end of the vertical pipe 22 and the drainage branch pipe 42. This allows for periodic inspection and maintenance of the internal barrier components 3 (such as the wear of spring 1 32 and barrier column 1 31) and drainage components 4 (such as the jamming of spring 2 44 and barrier column 2 43), greatly reducing the difficulty and cost of later maintenance of the buried drip irrigation equipment.

[0033] Example 2 (Intelligent Control System Example) Based on the above embodiment one, this embodiment provides a saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device with an intelligent control system to achieve centralized, automated and remote control of the entire drip irrigation system.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 The primary water supply pipeline 14 is equipped with a main control solenoid valve 8, which is electrically connected to a controller 9. The controller 9 is used to control the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve 8, thereby controlling the start and stop of water supply for the entire seepage irrigation system. When the controller 9 controls the main control solenoid valve 8 to open, the water pump 13 delivers the water filtered by the filter 1 through the primary water supply pipeline 14 to each secondary water supply pipeline 15, and then to each seepage irrigation unit 2 for seepage irrigation; when the controller 9 controls the main control solenoid valve 8 to close, the entire system stops supplying water, and each seepage irrigation unit 2 automatically enters the above-mentioned water stoppage, drainage, and anti-clogging state.

[0035] It should be noted that since each drip irrigation unit 2 is a purely mechanical structure, it does not require independent solenoid valves and control circuits. Therefore, in this embodiment, only one main control solenoid valve 8 and one controller 9 are set on the main pipeline 14 of the primary water supply pipeline to achieve centralized control of all drip irrigation units 2. For large-area agricultural irrigation scenarios, compared with the traditional solution of setting up solenoid valves and control circuits separately at each drip irrigation unit, this embodiment significantly reduces the number of electrical components, reduces cable laying costs and construction difficulty, and all electrical equipment can be set above ground, which is convenient for installation, maintenance and management, and avoids the problems of high failure rate and difficult maintenance caused by burying electrical components deep underground.

[0036] Furthermore, this embodiment also includes a soil salinity sensor 10 and a soil moisture sensor 20 disposed in the root zone of the soil. The soil salinity sensor 10 is used to detect the salt content in the root zone of the soil in real time, and the soil moisture sensor 20 is used to detect the water content in the root zone of the soil in real time. Both the soil salinity sensor 10 and the soil moisture sensor 20 are electrically connected to the controller 9, and transmit the detection signals to the controller 9 in real time.

[0037] The controller 9 has a built-in control program with preset soil salinity and soil moisture thresholds. Its control logic is as follows: When the soil salinity sensor 10 detects that the soil salinity content is higher than the preset salinity threshold, and when the soil moisture sensor 20 detects that the soil moisture content is lower than the preset moisture threshold, the controller 9 automatically controls the main control solenoid valve 8 to open, starting the drip irrigation operation to rinse and replenish water to the crop root zone; when the soil salinity sensor 10 detects that the soil salinity content drops below the preset salinity threshold, and when the soil moisture sensor 20 detects that the soil moisture content reaches above the preset moisture threshold, the controller 9 automatically controls the main control solenoid valve 8 to close, stopping the drip irrigation operation, and each drip irrigation unit 2 automatically enters the emptying and anti-clogging state.

[0038] Through the above control logic, this embodiment achieves fully automated and precise control of seepage irrigation for saline-alkali land improvement. It can automatically start and stop seepage irrigation according to the actual soil conditions, which not only ensures the effect of leaching salt and replenishing water, but also avoids the waste of water resources caused by over-irrigation, achieving multiple effects of water saving, power saving and precise improvement.

[0039] Furthermore, the controller 9 includes a wireless communication module 30, which can be any one of a 4G / 5G communication module, a WiFi module, a LoRa communication module, or an NB-IoT module. The wireless communication module 30 is wirelessly connected to a remote terminal 40, which can be a mobile app, a computer management platform, or a cloud server.

[0040] Through the wireless communication module 30, users can view the detection data of each sensor (including soil salinity, soil moisture content, and the operating status of the drip irrigation system) in real time through the remote terminal 40, and can send remote control commands to the controller 9 to realize functions such as remotely and manually controlling the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve 8, remotely adjusting the preset salinity and humidity thresholds, and remotely viewing the operating status of the equipment.

[0041] In addition, when the controller 9 detects equipment abnormalities (such as water pump failure, solenoid valve failure, etc.), it can send alarm information to the remote terminal 40 through the wireless communication module 30 to remind the user to handle the situation in a timely manner.

[0042] Example 3: Based on the above embodiments one and two, this embodiment provides a saline-alkali land improvement seepage irrigation device that includes intelligent calculation and control logic for irrigation intensity, so as to realize dynamic and precise control of seepage irrigation intensity based on real-time meteorological conditions (rainfall, temperature).

[0043] (I) Technical Principles Crop evapotranspiration (ET) is a key factor determining crop water requirements, and ambient temperature is the core meteorological parameter influencing evapotranspiration intensity. Higher temperatures lead to more intense crop transpiration and soil evaporation, resulting in greater actual crop water requirements. Conversely, rainfall directly replenishes soil moisture, reducing irrigation needs. Furthermore, in saline-alkali land improvement, drip irrigation must not only meet crop water requirements but also leach salts; therefore, determining irrigation intensity requires a comprehensive consideration of both crop water needs and salt leaching requirements.

[0044] Based on the above principles, this embodiment collects ambient temperature and rainfall data, combines them with a preset irrigation decision model, dynamically calculates and adjusts the seepage irrigation intensity (characterized by seepage flow rate or seepage duration per unit time), and achieves "on-demand irrigation and precise control".

[0045] (ii) Data Acquisition Module This embodiment, based on the above embodiment two, further includes: Temperature sensor 50: Located above the ground in the irrigation area, it is used to collect ambient temperature data in real time and transmit the temperature signal to the controller 9. The temperature sensor 50 can be any one of a thermocouple temperature sensor, a thermistor temperature sensor, or an integrated digital temperature sensor (such as DS18B20).

[0046] Rainfall sensor 60: Installed above ground level in the irrigation area, it is used to detect rainfall events and rainfall data in real time. The rainfall sensor 60 can be any one of a tipping bucket rain gauge, a piezoelectric rain gauge, or an optical rain gauge.

[0047] Optionally, the data from the temperature sensor 50 and the rainfall sensor 60 can also be obtained through a third-party meteorological service platform (such as a local meteorological bureau API interface or commercial meteorological data service) that is wirelessly connected to the controller 9, in order to reduce hardware deployment costs.

[0048] (III) Irrigation Intensity Calculation Model The controller 9 has a built-in irrigation intensity calculation model, which calculates the current drip irrigation intensity Q (unit: L / h) based on the following formula: Q = Q0 × f(T) × g(P) in: Q0 is the basic drip irrigation intensity (in L / h), which is a standard drip irrigation intensity value preset according to crop type, growth stage and soil salinity. f(T) is the temperature correction factor, which is a function of the ambient temperature T (in °C). g(P) is the rainfall correction factor, which is a function of the rainfall amount P (in mm / h).

[0049] The temperature correction factor f(T) is calculated as follows: When T≤T min Time (T) min (The preset minimum temperature threshold is preferably 5℃), f(T)=0 (stop irrigation to prevent low-temperature freezing damage). When T min <T<T opt Time (T) opt The optimal temperature is 25℃), f(T) = (TT) min ) / (T opt -T min ), showing a linear increase; When T opt ≤T≤T max Time (T) max (where the maximum temperature threshold is preferably 35℃), f(T)=1 (to maintain the basic seepage irrigation intensity); When T>T max At that time, f(T) = 1 + k × (TT) max (k is the high temperature compensation coefficient, preferably 0.02~0.05 / ℃, used to increase the drip irrigation volume under high temperature weather to meet the strong transpiration and salt leaching needs of crops).

[0050] The rainfall correction factor g(P) is calculated as follows: When P=0 (no rainfall), g(P)=1 (no rainfall correction is performed); When 0<P<P1 (P1 is the light rain threshold, preferably 2mm / h), g(P)=1-α×P (α is the rainfall discount coefficient, preferably 0.1~0.3, indicating that light rain can partially replace irrigation); When P1≤P≤P2 (P2 is the moderate rain threshold, preferably 8mm / h), g(P)=g min (g min is the minimum correction coefficient, preferably 0.1~0.2, indicating that moderate rain and above can basically meet the crop water requirement, and only the minimum leaching and subsurface irrigation for salt is retained); When P>P2, g(P)=0 (stop subsurface irrigation to prevent excessive soil wetness and excessive deep infiltration of salts with water).

[0051] (4) Control Logic The controller 9 realizes precise control of the subsurface irrigation intensity Q by combining the opening duration or opening degree adjustment of the main control solenoid valve 8 based on the subsurface irrigation intensity Q calculated by the above model. The specific control logic is as follows: Step S1: The controller 9 acquires in real time the ambient temperature T collected by the temperature sensor 50 and the real-time rainfall P collected by the rainfall sensor 60 (or acquires weather forecast data from the meteorological service platform via the wireless communication module 30); Step S2: The controller 9 judges whether the subsurface irrigation start condition is satisfied, that is, the soil salt sensor 10 detects that the soil salt content is higher than the preset salt threshold, and the soil moisture sensor 20 detects that the soil water content is lower than the preset moisture threshold; Step S3: If the start condition is satisfied, the controller 9 calculates the subsurface irrigation intensity Q at the current moment according to the above formula; Step S4: The controller 9 controls the opening of the main control solenoid valve 8 according to the calculated subsurface irrigation intensity Q, and adjusts the subsurface irrigation duration T irri or the solenoid valve opening degree D, so that the actual subsurface irrigation intensity reaches the calculated value Q; wherein, the subsurface irrigation duration T irri =Q / q (q is the subsurface irrigation flow rate per unit time of the subsurface irrigation unit, in L / h), when the opening degree adjustment is adopted, the solenoid valve opening degree D=Q / Q max (Qmax is the maximum subsurface irrigation flow rate when the solenoid valve is fully opened).

[0052] Step S5: When the soil salt sensor 10 detects that the soil salt content drops below the preset salt threshold, and the soil moisture sensor 20 detects that the soil water content rises above the preset moisture threshold, the controller 9 controls the main control solenoid valve 8 to close, and stops the subsurface irrigation.

[0053] (5) Exemplary Calculation Case To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this embodiment, two specific calculation examples are provided as follows: Example 1 (high temperature and no rain weather): Assume a saline-alkali land planting area with a basic drip irrigation intensity of Q0 = 100 L / h, a current ambient temperature of T = 38℃, and no rainfall (P = 0); take T min =5℃, T opt =25℃, T max =35℃, k=0.03 / ℃.

[0054] Then: f(T) = 1 + 0.03 × (38 - 35) = 1.09, g(P) = 1; Q = 100 × 1.09 × 1 = 109 L / h.

[0055] In hot weather, the intensity of drip irrigation is increased by 9% compared to the baseline value to compensate for the strong water consumption due to transpiration and salt leaching by crops.

[0056] Example 2 (Low temperature and light rain): Assuming the same area has a current ambient temperature of T=12℃ and a real-time rainfall of P=1.5mm / h; take α=0.2 and P1=2mm / h.

[0057] Therefore: f(T) = (12-5) / (25-5) = 0.35, g(P) = 1 - 0.2 × 1.5 = 0.7. Q = 100 × 0.35 × 0.7 = 24.5 L / h.

[0058] In low-temperature, light rain weather, the intensity of seepage irrigation is significantly reduced to about 24.5% of the baseline value. Low temperatures reduce the water demand for crop transpiration, and rainfall replenishes some soil moisture. Therefore, only the minimum seepage irrigation needs to be maintained for salt leaching.

[0059] (vi) Preferred Implementation Method Preferably, the controller 9 also has a built-in weather forecast acquisition module, which periodically acquires weather forecast data (including predicted rainfall and predicted temperature) for the next 24-72 hours through the wireless communication module 30, and adjusts the seepage irrigation plan in advance based on the forecast data.

[0060] For example, when moderate or heavy rainfall is forecast within the next 24 hours, controller 9 can reduce or suspend the current drip irrigation in advance to avoid water waste and excessive soil salinity caused by repeated irrigation.

[0061] Preferably, the functional forms of the temperature correction coefficient f(T) and the rainfall correction coefficient g(P) are not limited to the linear functions described above, and can also be implemented using piecewise functions, exponential functions, or table lookup methods. The specific parameter values ​​(T) mentioned above... min T opt T max k, α, P1, P2, g min(etc.) can be adapted to different crop types, soil textures and climate zones, and these adjustments are all within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0062] Preferably, for the saline-alkali land improvement scenario, even if the rainfall is large (P>P2), the controller 9 can maintain the minimum intensity of seepage irrigation (i.e., g(P) is gmin instead of 0) when the salt content is still higher than the threshold, based on the detection results of the soil salinity sensor 10, so as to ensure that the salt leaching effect is not interrupted by rainfall.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment realizes intelligent dynamic control of seepage irrigation intensity based on ambient temperature and rainfall. Under the premise of ensuring the improvement effect of saline-alkali land, it saves water resources to the maximum extent, avoids over-irrigation and ineffective irrigation, and realizes the refinement, intelligence and climate adaptability of irrigation management.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation device for improving saline-alkali land, comprising a filter (1) and a drip irrigation unit (2), characterized in that: The drip irrigation unit (2) includes an inlet pipe (21), a vertical pipe (22) is connected to the upper part of the inlet pipe (21) in the radial direction, and a horizontal pipe (23) is connected to the middle part of the vertical pipe (22). The horizontal pipe (23) and the vertical pipe (22) are connected to each other to form a cross shape. The horizontal pipe (23) is connected to a set of drip irrigation pipes (24) near both ends. Each set of drip irrigation pipes (24) has two pipes, located on both sides of the horizontal pipe (23) in the radial direction. The drip irrigation pipes (24) have several drip irrigation holes (25) evenly distributed on them for water discharge. The vertical pipe (22) is equipped with a barrier component (3) to prevent backflow of seepage water. Both sides of the vertical pipe (22) are provided with drainage components (4) for draining the residual water inside the seepage pipe (24). When the inlet pipe (21) supplies water upward, the barrier component (3) opens and the drainage component (4) closes, and the water flows through the vertical pipe (22) and horizontal pipe (23) into the seepage irrigation pipe (24) to irrigate the land. When the water inlet pipe (21) is shut off, the blocking component (3) is closed and the drainage component (4) is opened, and the residual water inside the drip irrigation pipe (24) and the horizontal pipe (23) is discharged through the drainage component (4).

2. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barrier component (3) includes a barrier post (31) slidably disposed inside the vertical tube (22). The barrier post (31) is controlled by a spring (32) at the intersection of the horizontal tube (23) and the vertical tube (22). The barrier post (31) divides the vertical tube (22) into upper and lower sections and the horizontal tube (23) into left and right sections. The spring (32) is located inside the upper section of the vertical tube (22). When the inlet pipe (21) supplies water upward, the barrier column (31) is pushed by the water pressure into the upper section of the vertical pipe (22), so that the vertical pipe (22) and the horizontal pipe (23) are connected. When the water inlet pipe (21) is shut off, the first barrier column (31) returns to its initial position, preventing the residual water inside the drip irrigation pipe (24) and the horizontal pipe (23) from flowing back into the water inlet pipe (21).

3. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage assembly (4) includes a drainage pipe (41) connected to the horizontal pipe (23) and a drainage branch pipe (42) connected to the lower section of the vertical pipe (22). The drainage branch pipe (42) and the drainage pipe (41) are connected to each other to form a cross shape. The bottom of the drainage pipe (41) is an open structure. The drainage branch pipe (42) is slidably provided with a second barrier column (43). The second barrier column (43) is controlled by a second spring (44) on one side of the drainage pipe (41), and the second barrier column (43) is located at one end close to the vertical pipe (22). The second spring (44) is located on the other side of the drainage pipe (41). When the inlet pipe (21) supplies water upward, the second barrier column (43) is pushed by the water pressure to the intersection of the drain pipe (41) and the drain branch pipe (42) to seal the drain pipe (41); When the inlet pipe (21) stops flowing water, the second barrier column (43) returns to its initial position and opens the drain pipe (41) and the drain branch pipe (42) to drain water.

4. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter (1) has an inlet (11) at the top and an outlet (12) on one side of the bottom. The outlet (12) is connected to a primary water supply pipe (14) via a water pump (13). The primary water supply pipe (14) is connected to multiple secondary water supply pipes (15). The drip irrigation pipe (24) is laid in the same direction as the secondary water supply pipe (15). Multiple drip irrigation units (2) are installed on the secondary water supply pipe (15). The drip irrigation units (2) and the secondary water supply pipe (15) are buried underground.

5. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the vertical pipe (22) and one end of the drainage branch pipe (42) are both open structures, and the openings are connected to a detachable sealing component (7). The two ends of the water inlet pipe (21) are directly connected to the secondary water transmission pipe (15), and each irrigation unit (2) does not have an independent solenoid valve and control circuit.

6. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (7) includes a seal (71), which is connected to the vertical pipe (22) and the drainage branch pipe (42) by threads. The outer end of the seal (71) is provided with an external hexagon (72) for easy disassembly. A sealing gasket (73) is provided between the sealing element (71) and the vertical pipe (22) and the drainage branch pipe (42).

7. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the drain pipe (41) is provided with a detachable protective cover (45), and the end face of the protective cover (45) has several through holes evenly distributed.

8. The saline-alkali land improvement drip irrigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which includes a main control solenoid valve (8) installed on the primary water supply pipeline (14) and a controller (9) electrically connected to the main control solenoid valve (8). The controller (9) is used to control the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve (8) to realize centralized water supply control for each irrigation unit (2). The controller (9) is wirelessly connected to a third-party meteorological service platform via a wireless communication module (30) to obtain weather forecast data and adjust the seepage irrigation plan in advance based on the predicted rainfall and temperature for the next 24-72 hours. The controller (9) is wirelessly connected to a third-party meteorological service platform via a wireless communication module (30) to obtain weather forecast data and adjust the seepage irrigation plan in advance based on the predicted rainfall and temperature for the next 24-72 hours.

9. A seepage irrigation device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a soil salinity sensor (10) and a soil moisture sensor (20) installed in the root zone of the soil. The soil salinity sensor (10) and the soil moisture sensor (20) are electrically connected to the controller (9). The controller (9) controls the opening and closing of the main control solenoid valve (8) according to the detection signals of the soil salinity sensor (10) and the soil moisture sensor (20). It also includes a temperature sensor (50) and a rainfall sensor (60) installed above the ground in the drip irrigation area, wherein the temperature sensor (50) and the rainfall sensor (60) are electrically connected to the controller (9); The temperature sensor (50) is used to collect ambient temperature data in real time, and the rainfall sensor (60) is used to detect rainfall events and rainfall data in real time. The controller (9) has a built-in irrigation intensity calculation model, which calculates the seepage irrigation intensity Q based on ambient temperature data and rainfall data. The calculation method is as follows: ； in, Based on the intensity of seepage irrigation, This is a temperature correction factor. This is a rainfall correction factor; The temperature correction coefficient f(T) is calculated as follows: When T≤T min hour, =0; When T min <T<T opt hour, =(TT min ) / (T opt -T min ); When T opt ≤T≤T min hour, =1; When T>T max hour, =1+k×(TT max ); Where T is the ambient temperature, T min To preset the minimum temperature threshold, T opt To preset the optimal temperature, T max The preset maximum temperature threshold is given by k, which is the high temperature compensation coefficient. The rainfall correction factor g(P) is calculated as follows: When P=0, =1; When 0<P<P1, =1-α×P; When P1≤P≤P2, = ; When P > P2, = 0; Where P is the real-time rainfall, P1 is the light rain threshold, P2 is the moderate rain threshold, and α is the rainfall discount factor. Minimum correction factor.

10. A seepage irrigation device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 8, characterized in that: The controller (9) includes a wireless communication module (30), which is wirelessly connected to a remote terminal (40) and is used to receive remote control commands and send equipment operating status information.

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