A prefabricated aerial garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a prefabricated air garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings, comprising a standard frame module composed of a solid steel pipe and a framework formed by splicing a plurality of the standard frame modules, the framework is internally divided into three structural layers, and from top to bottom, the three structural layers are a planting layer, a hydrophobic flow guide layer and a water circulation layer; and the bottom of the framework is provided with a fixing device fixedly connected with a building roof. The application further discloses a prefabricated air garden structure construction method suitable for high-rise buildings. The application realizes the dual targets of recycling and recycling of construction waste and expansion of urban high-altitude ecological space, has the advantages of green environmental protection, convenient installation, strong high-altitude adaptability, low cost, wide application range, and can be widely applied to the technical field of building standardization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building standardization technology, and in particular to a prefabricated sky garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Construction waste in my country mainly includes waste concrete, brick and tile fragments, and construction spoil. Currently, the vast majority of construction waste is disposed of through landfill or open-air dumping. Although some construction waste recycling solutions exist in existing technologies, they are mostly concentrated in low-value-added scenarios such as backfilling and road paving, resulting in low utilization efficiency, low product added value, and a failure to fully integrate with the needs of ecological construction in high-rise buildings, thus failing to achieve efficient and high-value-added utilization of construction waste.

[0003] At the same time, high-altitude rooftop gardens, as an important carrier for improving the quality of the urban ecological environment, enriching building functions, and creating the fifth facade of the city, have been widely used in high-rise buildings, commercial complexes and other buildings. However, existing high-altitude rooftop garden construction suffers from several technical defects: First, structural components are often made from new steel and concrete, resulting in high material costs and significant component weight, increasing the difficulty and cost of high-altitude transportation and hoisting, and contradicting the concept of green and environmentally friendly development. Second, existing rooftop garden frameworks are mostly customized designs, lacking modular and standardized design approaches, leading to cumbersome installation processes requiring complex on-site pouring and welding, resulting in long working hours, low safety, and extended construction periods. Third, the high-altitude environment is characterized by strong winds, large temperature differences, strict load requirements, and high anti-seepage demands. Existing rooftop garden frameworks are not specifically designed for this environment, and their wind resistance, earthquake resistance, and load-bearing capacity are insufficient to fully adapt to the high-altitude environment. Furthermore, their anti-seepage and drainage systems are inadequately designed, making them prone to rainwater leakage and structural damage, affecting the safety of the building structure. Fourth, existing high-altitude rooftop garden schemes fail to deeply integrate the resource utilization of construction waste with structural design, failing to balance ecological protection and engineering practicality, thus not meeting the development needs of urban forest garden residences and unable to achieve coordinated development of construction waste resource utilization and high-altitude ecological construction.

[0004] In summary, considering national policies on the resource utilization of construction waste, requirements for green building development, and the actual needs of high-altitude rooftop garden construction, developing a rooftop garden solution that enables efficient resource utilization of construction waste, is easy to install, and is adaptable to high-altitude environments has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a prefabricated sky garden structure and its construction method suitable for high-rise buildings, so as to achieve the dual goals of resource recycling of construction waste and expansion of urban high-altitude ecological space. It has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly, easy to install, highly adaptable to high altitudes, low cost, and wide applicability.

[0006] The present invention provides a prefabricated sky garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings, including standard frame modules made of solid steel pipes and a skeleton formed by splicing multiple standard frame modules. The skeleton is divided into three structural layers, which are a planting layer, a drainage layer and a water circulation layer from top to bottom. The bottom of the skeleton is provided with a fixing device to be fixedly connected to the roof of the building.

[0007] In the above technical solution, four standard frame modules that are adjacent to each other in the front, back, left, right or top, bottom, left and right are connected together by an assembly mechanism that is shaped like a cross. The assembly mechanism is composed of two intersecting clamping strips that hold solid steel pipes.

[0008] In the above technical solution, each standard frame module is made of multiple solid steel pipes welded into a cube shape. Each face of each cube is provided with multiple solid steel pipes welded into a "rice" shape as a support mechanism. Each assembly mechanism has a fixed point at its intersection center. Each fixed point has a "rice" shaped connecting joint along its circumference. The first connecting piece distributed in a positive cross shape in the connecting joint is welded to the corresponding clamping strip. The second connecting joint distributed in a diagonal cross shape in the connecting joint is welded to the corresponding diagonal solid steel pipe.

[0009] In the above technical solution, clamping plates are provided on the clamping strips around the fixing point of each assembly mechanism. Multiple clamping plates are respectively set perpendicularly to the connected clamping strips and clamped and connected to the solid steel pipes that cross each other in the cube. A connection point is provided at the intersection of each clamping plate and the clamping strip.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the inner wall of the clamping strip or clamping piece is provided with arc-shaped protrusions along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the solid steel pipe clamped by the clamping strip or clamping piece is provided with annular grooves that cooperate with the arc-shaped protrusions.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the hydrophobic guiding layer is horizontally assembled from multiple hydrophobic guiding modules that are large at both ends and small in the middle. The sidewall of each hydrophobic guiding module has two intersecting slope structures, and the two slopes of each hydrophobic guiding module are rainwater guiding surfaces.

[0012] In the above technical solution, each hydrophobic flow guiding module has hydrophobic flow guiding grooves distributed from top to bottom along the circumferential direction on its sidewall.

[0013] In the above technical solution, each hydrophobic flow guiding module is composed of two symmetrically arranged sedimentation isolation tanks inserted one above the other. The side walls of the two sedimentation isolation tanks are respectively provided with corresponding grooves, which form a hydrophobic flow guiding channel. The insertion surfaces of the two sedimentation isolation tanks are connected by a tenon and mortise structure.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the water circulation layer is composed of multiple water circulation modules located within the standard frame module. Each water circulation module has a water pump in the middle and a vertically arranged water supply pipe at one corner. The top opening of the water supply pipe is connected to the hydrophobic guide layer, and the bottom opening of the water supply pipe is connected to the atmosphere. The water supply pipe is connected to the water pump. Each water circulation module has a horizontally annular connecting pipe in the middle, which is connected to the water supply pipe. The connecting pipe has a hole that connects to the inner cavity of the water circulation module, and the connecting pipes of adjacent water circulation modules are interconnected.

[0015] This invention also provides a construction method for a prefabricated sky garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings, comprising the following steps: First, installing fixing devices and firmly connecting them to the building base, and taking measures to reduce vibration; Second, assembling standard frame modules by assembling solid steel pipes into standard frame modules through splicing connectors, and then assembling the standard frame modules into an overall skeleton structure; Third, laying the planting layer, drainage layer, and water circulation layer, and installing planting troughs, rest facilities, irrigation and lighting systems to complete the overall construction.

[0016] This invention relates to prefabricated rooftop garden structures for high-rise buildings and their construction methods, and has the following beneficial effects: 1. Green and environmentally friendly, resource recycling: Fully utilize waste construction materials to prepare key structural components, with a recycled aggregate replacement rate of over 60%, significantly improving the resource utilization rate of construction waste. It can dispose of a large amount of construction waste annually, reducing the environmental pressure caused by landfill and stockpiling. Environmentally friendly additives are used in the component production process to reduce pollutant emissions, and unqualified components can be recycled to prepare aggregates again, achieving closed-loop utilization. Drought-resistant and sun-resistant plants are selected for the planting area, combined with a drip irrigation system to save water. Overall, it complies with the relevant national policies on green building and construction waste resource utilization, realizing "turning waste into treasure" and promoting the development of a circular economy.

[0017] 2. Convenient installation and high efficiency: Adopting a modular and standardized design, all components are prefabricated, eliminating the need for on-site casting and welding. The connection between components is simple, allowing for quick high-altitude assembly and disassembly. Each component is lightweight, facilitating high-altitude transportation and hoisting. Assembly can be completed by 2-3 construction workers, shortening the construction cycle of the rooftop garden by more than 30%, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of high-altitude construction, reducing high-altitude working time, improving construction safety, and solving the pain points of low efficiency and high safety risks in high-altitude construction.

[0018] 3. High-altitude adaptability and reliable safety: The frame structure has been optimized for mechanical properties, and its compressive and bending strength meets the requirements for high-altitude use. The fixing device uses a combination of expansion bolts and chemical anchors, which can withstand a category 12 typhoon and a magnitude 7 earthquake, and its load-bearing capacity meets relevant specifications. A complete protection, seepage prevention, and drainage system is set up, with double-layer waterproof membrane combined with protective panels to prevent rainwater leakage and protect the safety of the main building. Modified recycled aggregates are used in the components to adapt to the temperature difference at high altitudes and reduce the risk of structural cracking. Monitoring sensors are installed in key parts to realize real-time safety early warning and ensure safe and reliable use at high altitudes.

[0019] 4. The prefabricated modular design offers significant advantages, with exceptional adaptability and scalability: This solution employs a factory-prefabricated, on-site modular assembly design. All components, including the frame support, connecting brackets, and planting trough base, are standardized prefabricated parts. Compared to traditional on-site casting and customized construction methods, this offers multiple technological advantages. First, quality is controllable and precision is consistent. All components are mass-produced in factories using standardized molds and under constant temperature curing conditions, resulting in minimal dimensional errors and stable mechanical properties. This completely solves quality problems such as honeycombing, cracking, and uneven strength that easily occur in on-site casting, ensuring the overall stability of the high-altitude structure. Second, it boasts strong versatility and can be freely combined. Standardized modules have uniform dimensions and universal interfaces, allowing for free splicing and adjustment of module quantities based on irregular sites and varying area requirements for high-altitude roofs, cantilevered platforms, and residential terraces. No separately customized components are required, significantly reducing non-standard design costs. Third, it is detachable, reusable, and more recyclable. The modular prefabricated structure features a purely dry connection without on-site casting and consolidation. During later building renovations and landscape upgrades, it can be quickly disassembled, moved, and reassembled. Intact components can be reused, significantly reducing renovation and refurbishment costs and truly achieving the recycling of structural components. Fourth, it has extremely strong site adaptability. In situations where high-altitude workspaces are limited and hoisting is restricted, lightweight prefabricated modules can be transported in a dispersed manner and assembled in sections, eliminating the need for large construction equipment. This perfectly adapts to the site constraints of high-rise building construction at heights. Fifth, it has high fault tolerance and is easy to maintain. Adopting a modular independent load-bearing design, if a single module is damaged, ages, or develops defects, it can be disassembled and replaced individually without affecting the stability of the overall frame structure. This eliminates the need for large-scale dismantling and repair, significantly reducing the difficulty and cost of later operation and maintenance.

[0020] 5. High added value and significant benefits: Transforming construction waste from "waste" into high-value-added rooftop garden structural components enhances the utilization value of construction waste, expands urban high-altitude ecological space, improves urban air quality, enhances architectural landscape quality, creates the city's fifth facade, and achieves a unity of ecological, economic, and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of four adjacent standard frame modules in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of four adjacent standard frame modules in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of each standard frame module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed joint point in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping plate in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural fit diagram of the clamping strips or clamping plates and the outer wall of the solid steel pipe in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrophobic guiding layer in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the hydrophobic guiding layer in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a structural elevation view of the drainage and flow guiding module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the drainage module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the sedimentation isolation tank in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a structural elevation view of the sedimentation isolation tank in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a top view of the sedimentation isolation tank in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a perspective view of the water circulation layer in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention. Figure 16 This is a structural plan view of a single water circulation module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a three-dimensional structural view of a single water circulation module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple water circulation modules spliced ​​together to form a water circulation layer in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the planting layer in the standard frame module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of multiple planting modules 31 spliced ​​together to form a planting layer in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention. Figure 21 This is a diagram showing the material distribution within each planting module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention; Figure 22 This is a structural diagram of each planting module in Embodiment 3 of the prefabricated sky garden structure applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the construction method for prefabricated rooftop garden structures applicable to high-rise buildings according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] This invention proposes a modular, safe, and ecological prefabricated rooftop garden integrated solution made from recycled construction waste. It can be widely applied to high-rise residential balconies, apartment terraces, and commercial building podium platforms, achieving a green and ecological upgrade of high-rise spaces.

[0024] Example 1 Preparation of key structural components from waste construction waste 1. Raw Material Screening and Pretreatment: Select waste construction waste that meets the GB / T 25177-2010 standard "Recycled Aggregate for Concrete", prioritizing waste concrete blocks and brick fragments (accounting for no less than 80%). Remove impurities such as reinforcing bars, wood, and plastics, as well as hazardous waste (such as waste paint and waste insulation materials). A combination of manual and mechanical sorting is used. First, large impurities are removed manually, and then equipment such as vibrating screens and magnetic separators are used to separate metallic impurities such as reinforcing bars, ensuring that the purity of the raw materials is no less than 95%.

[0025] 2. Recycled Aggregate Preparation: Pre-treated construction waste is fed into a jaw crusher for initial crushing, with the particle size controlled within 50mm. It is then subjected to secondary crushing by an impact crusher to ensure uniform particle size. Subsequently, it is screened through a grading and screening device to separate coarse aggregate (5-31.5mm), medium aggregate (2.36-5mm), and fine aggregate (0.15-2.36mm), which are used for the preparation of different types of components. The screened aggregate is then washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove surface dust, dirt, and other impurities, and dried until the moisture content is below 5%. Finally, surface modification treatment is performed using modifiers such as silica fume and slag powder, with the modifier dosage being 3%-5% of the aggregate mass. The mixture is mechanically stirred to improve the strength, wear resistance, and bonding performance with cementitious materials of the recycled aggregate.

[0026] 3. Component Molding and Curing: Raw materials are proportioned according to the mechanical requirements of different components. Coarse aggregate is mainly used for the main support components and protective frames, medium aggregate for splicing connectors, and fine aggregate for planting trough supports. The raw material ratio is: 60%-70% recycled aggregate, 20%-25% ordinary Portland cement, 1%-2% admixtures (water-reducing agent, retarder), and 8%-10% water. Some load-bearing components require additional Φ6-Φ12mm steel reinforcement to improve load-bearing capacity. The prepared raw materials are fed into a mixing device and mixed for at least 3 minutes to ensure uniform mixing. Then, the mixture is poured into a special mold and compacted using a vibrating table (30-60 seconds) to avoid defects such as honeycomb and pitting. After molding, the components are covered with a film for curing. The curing temperature is controlled at 20±5℃, the curing humidity is not less than 90%, and the curing time is not less than 28 days, ensuring that the compressive strength of the components is not less than C30 and the flexural strength is not less than 3.5MPa, meeting the mechanical requirements for high-altitude use.

[0027] 4. Component Inspection and Storage: After curing, components will be sampled and inspected, including compressive strength, flexural strength, dimensional deviation, and appearance quality. Only components that pass the inspection can be put into use. Unqualified components will be crushed and reused for aggregate preparation, achieving closed-loop utilization. Qualified components will be stored in a classified stacking manner, with a stacking height not exceeding 3 layers to avoid crushing damage. The storage site must be flat, dry, and protected against rain and moisture.

[0028] Example 2 Overall structural design of high-altitude rooftop garden See Figure 1, the present invention is applicable to prefabricated sky garden structures for high-rise buildings, comprising a standard frame module 1 made of solid steel pipes and a skeleton 2 formed by splicing a plurality of the standard frame modules 1. The interior of the skeleton 2 is divided into three structural layers, which are, from top to bottom, a planting layer 3, a hydrophobic diversion layer 4 and a water circulation layer 5 in sequence. A fixing device (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the bottom of the skeleton 2 and is fixedly connected to the building roof.

[0029] Modular design of the skeleton 2 structure: taking the key structural members prepared from construction waste as the core, the skeleton 2 structure of the high-altitude sky garden is divided into standard frame modules 1, and the size of each module can be flexibly combined and spliced according to the size of the high-altitude site. Expansion joints of 5-10mm are reserved between the standard frame modules 1 to adapt to structural deformation caused by temperature difference changes at high altitude. The main supporting members of the skeleton 2 adopt a rectangular cross-section with a spacing of 1.5m to ensure uniform load bearing; the protective frame adopts a hollow design, which not only ensures safety protection, but also does not affect ventilation and lighting; the spacing of the planting tank brackets is adapted to the size of the planting tank to ensure that the planting tank is placed stably.

[0030] Fixing device design: A special fixing device is arranged at the bottom of the skeleton 2 structure, each component of the fixing device is fixed by a mortise and tenon structure, the number of fixing columns of the fixing device is no less than 4, and the fixing depth is no less than 30mm, so as to ensure that the fixing device is firmly connected with the base layer of the building roof and the high-altitude shared platform, the bearing capacity is no less than 2.5kN / m² specified in the relevant specifications, it can resist typhoons of grades 10 to 12 and earthquakes of grade 7, and avoid displacement and falling of the high-altitude structure. A shock-absorbing pad (with a thickness of 10-15mm) made of rubber is arranged between the fixing device and the skeleton 2 structure to reduce the impact of high-altitude wind force and vibration on the structure and the main building body.

[0031] Embodiment 3 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 2, and the difference lies in that: See Figures 2 to 3 , four adjacent standard frame modules 1 in the front-back, left-right, or up-down and left-right directions are connected together by a splicing mechanism 6 that is entirely in a cross shape, and the splicing mechanism 6 is formed by intersecting two clamping strip pieces 61 that clamp the solid steel pipes.

[0032] See Figure 4 , each standard frame module 1 is welded into a cube shape by a plurality of solid steel pipes, and a plurality of solid steel pipes are welded into a meter-shaped mechanism as a supporting mechanism in each face of each cube, see Figure 5 , a fixing node 62 is arranged at the intersecting center of each splicing mechanism 6, each fixing node 62 is provided with a meter-shaped connection joint along its circumferential direction, the first connecting pieces 63 distributed in a regular cross shape in the connection joint are respectively welded and connected with the corresponding clamping strip pieces 61, and the second connection joints 64 distributed in an oblique cross shape in the connection joint are respectively welded and connected with the corresponding oblique solid steel pipes.

[0033] See Figure 3 and Figure 6 Each assembly mechanism 6 has clamping pieces 65 on the clamping strips 61 around the fixing point 62. Multiple clamping pieces 65 are respectively set perpendicularly to the connected clamping strips 61 and clamped and connected to the solid steel pipes that cross each other in the cube. Each clamping piece 65 has a connection point 66 at the intersection with the clamping strip 61.

[0034] See Figure 7 The inner wall of the clamping strip 61 or clamping piece 65 is provided with arc-shaped protrusions 67 in sequence along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the solid steel pipe clamped by the clamping strip 61 or clamping piece 65 is provided with annular grooves 68 that cooperate with the arc-shaped protrusions 67 in sequence.

[0035] See Figures 8 to 9 The hydrophobic guiding layer 4 is horizontally assembled from multiple hydrophobic guiding modules 41 that are large at both ends and small in the middle, see [reference]. Figures 10 to 11 Each drainage module 41 has a sidewall with two intersecting slopes, and the two slopes of each drainage module 41 are rainwater drainage surfaces.

[0036] Each hydrophobic guide module 41 has hydrophobic guide grooves 42 arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the circumferential direction on its sidewall.

[0037] See Figures 12 to 14 Each hydrophobic flow guiding module 41 is composed of two symmetrically arranged sedimentation isolation tanks 43 inserted vertically. The side walls of the two sedimentation isolation tanks 43 are respectively provided with corresponding grooves, which form a hydrophobic flow guiding channel 42. The insertion surfaces of the two sedimentation isolation tanks 43 are connected by a tenon and mortise structure.

[0038] Design of protection, seepage prevention and drainage system: The skeleton 2 structure is respectively equipped with a protective layer (not shown in the figure), a seepage prevention layer (not shown in the figure), a drainage layer (not shown in the figure), and an isolation layer (not shown in the figure). Each layer is tightly bonded to ensure waterproof and drainage effects. The protective layer uses polyvinyl chloride (PVC) protective boards with a thickness of not less than 3mm. During installation, the joints are hot-welded, with a welding strength not less than the strength of the boards themselves, to prevent sharp objects from piercing the seepage-proof layer. The seepage-proof layer uses double-layer SBS waterproof membrane (4mm thick), laid in the same direction as the water flow, with an overlap width of not less than 100mm. The overlaps are sealed with sealant to prevent rainwater leakage. The drainage layer uses a convex-concave drainage board (20mm thick), with geotextile (300g / m²) laid on top. The geotextile acts as a filter, preventing the nutrient soil from clogging the drainage channels. The drainage board has a slope of 2‰-3‰ to guide rainwater into the reserved drainage pipes, i.e., the drainage channel 42. The drainage pipes are made of UPVC material with a diameter of not less than 110mm, and an inspection port is set every 5m for easy maintenance. The isolation layer uses non-woven fabric, laid between the drainage layer and the planting soil layer to further prevent the loss of nutrient soil.

[0039] See Figure 15 The water circulation layer 5 is composed of multiple water circulation modules 51 located within the standard frame module 1, see [link / reference]. Figure 16 Each water circulation module 51 is equipped with a water pump 52 in the middle, see [link / reference]. Figure 17 Each water circulation module 51 has a vertically installed water supply pipe 53 at one corner. The top opening of the water supply pipe 53 is connected to the hydrophobic guide layer 4, and the bottom opening of the water supply pipe 53 is connected to the atmosphere. The water supply pipe 53 is connected to the water pump 52. Each water circulation module 51 has a horizontally annular connecting pipe 54 in the middle, which is connected to the water supply pipe 53. See [reference needed] Figure 18 The connecting pipe 54 is provided with a hole that connects to the inner cavity of the water circulation module 51, and the connecting pipes 54 of adjacent water circulation modules 51 are interconnected.

[0040] Functional Area Division: The internal framework is divided into planting and leisure areas at a 1:1 ratio, with the planting area accounting for no less than 50% of the corresponding horizontal projected area. The planting area uses prefabricated planting troughs made from recycled concrete from construction waste, with drainage holes (10mm diameter, 100mm spacing) at the bottom to facilitate excess water drainage. Lightweight nutrient soil is laid inside the troughs, with a mix of 40% garden soil, 30% leaf mold, 20% perlite, and 10% organic fertilizer, with a bulk density controlled below 1.2g / cm³ to reduce the overall structural load. Drought-tolerant, sun-resistant, and shallow-rooted plants such as Sedum lineare, Sedum sarmentosum, and Portulaca grandiflora are selected, along with a small number of shrubs (such as Buxus microphylla) to create a layered ecological landscape while preventing plant roots from damaging the structure. The leisure area is paved with environmentally friendly permeable bricks made from construction waste, 50mm thick, with a compressive strength of no less than C25 and a permeability coefficient of no less than 1.0×10⁻⁶. - With a flow rate of 2cm / s, rainwater can be drained quickly; the leisure area can be equipped with simple rest facilities (such as anti-corrosion wooden seats and small flower stands). The rest facilities are fixed to the frame structure without damaging the base seepage prevention system, taking into account both ecological landscape and leisure functions.

[0041] See Figure 19 The planting layer 3 is fixed above the hydrophobic drainage layer 4, see [reference]. Figure 20 It is composed of multiple planting modules 31 spliced ​​together, see Figure 21 Each planting module 31 consists of, from top to bottom, a humus unit layer, a coconut coir unit layer, and a perlite unit layer, see [link / reference]. Figure 22 Each planting module 31 has a vertically set drip irrigation reserved hole 32 at one corner of the soil layer that is connected to the water supply pipe 53, and a vertically set planting reserved hole 33 in the middle of the soil layer of the planting module 31.

[0042] Example 4 See Figure 23The present invention relates to a construction method for prefabricated rooftop garden structures for high-rise buildings, and the assembly process consists of three steps: The first step is to install the fixing device, firmly connect the fixing device to the building base, and take appropriate vibration damping measures. The second step is to assemble the skeleton module 2. The main support, protective frame, and planting trough bracket are assembled into standard frame module 1 through splicing connectors. Then, the standard frame modules 1 are spliced ​​together to form the overall skeleton 2 structure. The third step involves laying out protective, seepage-proof, and drainage layers, installing planting troughs, rest facilities, irrigation and lighting systems, and completing the overall construction.

[0043] The invention is characterized by a combination of convenient installation and high-altitude adaptability, as detailed below: 1. Component Transportation: All key structural components adopt standardized and lightweight design, with the weight of a single component not exceeding 50kg, facilitating transportation using construction elevators and high-altitude hoisting equipment. Special lifting tools (such as flexible slings) are used during hoisting to avoid collision damage to the components. The hoisting sequence proceeds from the edge of the high-altitude site towards the center, with the hoisting speed controlled within 0.5m / s. A dedicated person is assigned to direct the hoisting process to ensure hoisting safety and avoid collisions with the main building and surrounding facilities.

[0044] 2. Rapid Assembly Process: Components are connected using a combination of snap-fit ​​and bolt-fit methods. The splicing connectors, main support components, and protective frames can be connected using snap-fit ​​technology. The snap-fit ​​clips are made of high-strength plastic; during installation, simply insert the clip into the pre-drilled interface and press to secure it—no tools are required. Key areas (such as the splicing points of standard frame module 1 and the connection points between the fixing devices and frame 2) are additionally reinforced, with the torque controlled at 30-40 N·m to ensure a firm connection. The entire assembly process requires no on-site pouring or welding; 2-3 construction workers can complete the assembly of a 10㎡ high-altitude rooftop garden, significantly shortening the construction period, reducing high-altitude work time, and improving construction safety.

[0045] 3. High-altitude environment adaptation and optimization: To address the strong winds at high altitudes, windproof reinforcement components (not shown in the diagram) are added to the top of the frame 2 structure. These components are made of windproof panels (8mm thick) prepared from recycled construction waste aggregate, which are firmly connected to the main support components of the frame. The windproof panels have ventilation holes (50mm diameter, 150mm spacing) to resist strong winds and reduce wind resistance. To address the large temperature differences at high altitudes, modified recycled aggregates with a low coefficient of thermal expansion are selected, and expansion joints are provided at component joints to prevent cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction. To meet the stringent requirements of high-altitude loads, the overall structural weight is controlled within 5kN / m², adapting to the load standards of different high-rise buildings. The size and spacing of the frame modules can be flexibly adjusted according to the bearing capacity of the main building structure to ensure structural safety.

[0046] 4. Adaptability and Post-Maintenance: The solution can be flexibly adjusted according to the shape and size of the high-altitude site, adapting to different scenarios such as shared aerial platforms, private rooftop gardens, and high-rise building rooftops. For irregular sites, custom-made splicing connectors can be used to ensure tight splicing of standard frame modules 1. During post-maintenance, a single standard frame module 1 can be disassembled for inspection and replacement without the need for overall dismantling, reducing maintenance costs. Planting areas are regularly weeded, pruned, and fertilized, and the irrigation system is regularly inspected to prevent blockages. A comprehensive inspection of the frame structure, fixing devices, and anti-seepage system is conducted annually, and damaged parts are promptly addressed to ensure the long-term stable use of the high-altitude rooftop garden.

[0047] Technical principles and innovations of this invention: I. Material Application Innovation: For the first time, recycled components from construction waste are used as the main load-bearing framework of a high-rise garden. Existing rooftop gardens all use brand-new virgin materials such as concrete, steel, and aluminum alloys as the main load-bearing structure. Recycled construction waste materials are limited to non-load-bearing, low-value applications such as ordinary backfilling, roadbeds, and paving bricks, and have never been used in the core load-bearing framework system of high-altitude landscape architecture. This solution breaks through the industry's conventional wisdom. Through multi-stage screening of construction waste, aggregate modification, proportion optimization, and steel reinforcement processes, the recycled components achieve a structural strength of C30 or higher. They can be directly used as the main support framework, load-bearing bracket, and overall load-bearing system of rooftop gardens, realizing a leapfrog upgrade of construction waste from "low-value solid waste" to "high-altitude structural load-bearing material," significantly increasing the added value of solid waste resource utilization.

[0048] II. Structural System Innovation: Constructing a Modular Recycled Concrete Frame System Adapted to Complex High-Altitude Working Conditions Traditional roof garden structures are mostly cast-in-place or fixed steel structures, which are heavy, rigid, and non-removable, making them unsuitable for special conditions such as high-altitude wind loads, temperature deformation, and limited roof load. This solution innovatively adopts a fully modular prefabricated recycled aggregate skeleton structure. Through standard frame modules, expansion joint adaptation structures, shock-absorbing bases, and multi-point anchoring structures, a new type of lightweight, wind-resistant, earthquake-resistant, and leak-proof skeleton system specifically adapted for high-altitude scenarios is formed. The structure has controllable self-weight, uniform stress distribution, and strong integrity, while solving the technical problems of traditional high-altitude gardens such as easy cracking, leakage, weak wind resistance, and exceeding load limits.

[0049] III. Construction Technology Innovation: Achieving fully dry, rapid assembly and zero-on-site pouring construction for rooftop gardens Current rooftop garden construction relies on wet methods such as on-site formwork, pouring, curing, and plastering. This approach is characterized by long construction periods, high risks, significant weather-related susceptibility, and high construction costs. This proposed solution involves prefabricating all structural components in a factory using standardized production methods. On-site assembly utilizes a dry, mortise-and-tenon joint system, eliminating the need for on-site pouring, welding, bolts, and curing. This allows for rapid assembly and formation of the rooftop garden. It significantly shortens the construction period, reduces the risks associated with working at height, and lowers labor costs, fundamentally changing the traditional, labor-intensive, and high-risk construction model for rooftop gardens.

[0050] IV. Assembly Design Innovation: Standardized mortise and tenon modules support arbitrary combination, disassembly and reuse, and iterative upgrades. This innovative solution proposes a universal mortise and tenon modular unit design concept. All supporting components, frame components, planting trough supports, and connecting accessories are equipped with standardized tenon and mortise interlocking structures, ensuring unified interfaces and standardized precision. These units can be freely assembled and combined according to roof shape, area, and load conditions, adapting to various complex sites such as flat roofs, sloping roofs, and irregularly shaped high-altitude platforms. Simultaneously, the mortise and tenon connection modules are independently stressed, allowing for non-destructive disassembly, relocation, reconfiguration, and reuse. This solves the drawbacks of traditional fixed gardens, which cannot be modified, adjusted, or are rendered unusable upon demolition. It enables iterative, updatable, and recyclable rooftop garden landscape layouts, greatly improving product adaptability and lifespan.

[0051] V. System Integration Innovation: A unified solution to multiple challenges including high-altitude load-bearing, wind resistance, seepage prevention, drainage, and landscaping. Traditional technologies often address greening or paving issues in isolation, lacking a systematic design adapted for high-altitude environments. This invention innovatively integrates five systems: a regenerated load-bearing frame, a shock-absorbing and fixing structure, a double-layer waterproofing system, a slope drainage system, and a lightweight ecological planting system, forming a comprehensive high-altitude garden solution. Addressing pain points such as strong winds, large temperature differences, roof leaks, limited load-bearing capacity, and maintenance difficulties at high altitudes, it employs comprehensive structural optimization. This ensures structural safety and stability while completely resolving common engineering problems in rooftop greening, such as water accumulation, leaks, root damage, excessive loads, and poor wind resistance.

[0052] VI. Ecological Economic Innovation: Achieving Dual Benefits of Cost Reduction and Efficiency Improvement in High-Altitude Greening and High-Value Utilization of Solid Waste Traditional rooftop gardens are expensive, consume a lot of materials, and have high carbon emissions, making them difficult to popularize on a large scale. This solution uses recycled solid waste materials to replace virgin building materials, significantly reducing raw material costs and lowering the overall cost by 20%–30% compared to traditional rooftop gardens. Simultaneously, it facilitates the large-scale utilization of construction waste, achieving high-value resource utilization and reducing solid waste disposal costs and land occupation. While fulfilling the goals of high-altitude greening, landscape enhancement, heat island mitigation, and beautification of the fifth facade, it achieves multiple benefits including engineering, ecological, solid waste reduction, and low-carbon emissions, possessing strong market promotion value and policy compatibility.

[0053] VII. Scenario Application Innovation: Expanding the application of recycled construction waste structural components into new high-rise building applications Existing recycled construction waste products are generally limited to ground-level municipal engineering projects and have never been applied on a large scale and in a standardized manner to the field of high-rise building landscape structures. This solution opens up a brand-new application scenario for the high-value utilization of construction waste, pioneering an integrated model of "recycled solid waste structure + high-rise prefabricated garden". It can be widely adapted to roof gardens, sky terraces, sky shared platforms, and vertically attached green spaces, providing a new technical path for urban renewal, zero-waste cities, green buildings, and forest garden residences, filling a technological gap in the industry.

[0054] This invention discloses a solution for preparing key structural components for a high-altitude rooftop garden using waste construction waste. It aims to solve technical problems such as low resource utilization rate of existing construction waste, high construction costs, cumbersome installation, and poor structural adaptability. This solution uses waste construction waste (after removing hazardous waste and impurities) as the core raw material. The waste is crushed, screened, washed, and modified to produce recycled aggregate. After adding auxiliary materials and curing, key structural components such as the main support frame 2 and splicing connectors required for the high-altitude rooftop garden are prepared. Using these components as the framework 2, a modular and standardized design is adopted, enabling rapid assembly through convenient connection methods. A fixing device adapted to the main body of the high-altitude building is installed at the bottom, and a protective, seepage-proof, and drainage layer is laid on top. Planting and leisure areas are divided, completing the overall construction of the high-altitude rooftop garden. This solution achieves the dual goals of recycling construction waste and expanding urban high-altitude ecological space. It has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly, easy to install, highly adaptable to high-altitude environments, low cost, and wide applicability. It can be widely used in high-rise building rooftops, sky-sharing platforms, and other high-altitude scenarios. It is suitable for supporting facilities in new buildings and ecological transformation of high-altitude areas of existing buildings, and is in line with the development orientation of green building and circular economy.

[0055] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0056] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A prefabricated sky garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings, characterized in that: It includes a standard frame module (1) made of solid steel pipes and a skeleton (2) formed by splicing multiple standard frame modules (1). The skeleton (2) is divided into three structural layers, which are divided into a planting layer (3), a drainage layer (4) and a water circulation layer (5) from top to bottom. The bottom of the skeleton (2) is provided with a fixing device to be fixedly connected to the roof of the building.

2. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four standard frame modules (1) that are adjacent to each other in front, back, left, right or top, bottom, left and right are connected together by an assembly mechanism (6) that is shaped like a cross. The assembly mechanism (6) is composed of two intersecting clamping strips (61) that hold solid steel pipes.

3. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each standard frame module (1) is made of multiple solid steel pipes welded into a cube shape. Each face of each cube is provided with multiple solid steel pipes welded into a "rice" shape as a support mechanism. Each assembly mechanism (6) has a fixed point (62) at its intersection center. Each fixed point (62) has a "rice" shaped connecting joint along its circumference. The first connecting piece (63) in the connecting joint is distributed in a positive cross shape and is welded to the corresponding clamping strip (61). The second connecting joint (64) in the connecting joint is distributed in a diagonal cross shape and is welded to the corresponding diagonal solid steel pipe.

4. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each assembly mechanism (6) has clamping plates (65) on the clamping strips (61) around the fixing point (62). Multiple clamping plates (65) are respectively set perpendicularly to the connected clamping strips (61) and clamped and connected to the solid steel pipes that cross each other in the cube. Each clamping plate (65) has a connection point (66) at the intersection of the clamping strip (61).

5. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the clamping strip (61) or clamping piece (65) is provided with arc-shaped protrusions (67) in sequence along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the solid steel pipe clamped by the clamping strip (61) or clamping piece (65) is provided with annular grooves (68) that cooperate with the arc-shaped protrusions (67).

6. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydrophobic guiding layer (4) is horizontally assembled from multiple hydrophobic guiding modules (41) that are large at both ends and small in the middle. The sidewall of each hydrophobic guiding module (41) has two intersecting slope structures, and the two slopes of each hydrophobic guiding module (41) are rainwater guiding surfaces.

7. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each hydrophobic flow guiding module (41) has hydrophobic flow guiding grooves (42) arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the circumferential direction on its sidewall.

8. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each hydrophobic flow guiding module (41) is composed of two symmetrically arranged sedimentation isolation tanks (43) inserted into each other. The side walls of the two sedimentation isolation tanks (43) are respectively provided with corresponding grooves, and the corresponding grooves form a hydrophobic flow guiding channel (42). The insertion surfaces of the two sedimentation isolation tanks (43) are connected by a tenon and mortise structure.

9. The prefabricated sky garden structure for high-rise buildings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water circulation layer (5) is composed of multiple water circulation modules (51) located in the standard frame module (1). Each water circulation module (51) has a water pump (52) in the middle and a vertically arranged water supply pipe (53) at one corner. The top opening of the water supply pipe (53) is connected to the hydrophobic guide layer (4), and the bottom opening of the water supply pipe (53) is connected to the atmosphere. The water supply pipe (53) is connected to the water pump (52). Each water circulation module (51) has a horizontally annular connecting pipe (54) in the middle. The connecting pipe (54) is connected to the water supply pipe (53). The connecting pipe (54) has a hole in the inner cavity of the water circulation module (51). The connecting pipes (54) of adjacent water circulation modules (51) are interconnected.

10. A construction method for a prefabricated sky garden structure suitable for high-rise buildings, characterized in that: It has the following steps: The first step is to install the fixing device, firmly connect the fixing device to the building base, and take appropriate vibration damping measures. The second step is to assemble the standard frame module (1), and then assemble the solid steel pipes into the standard frame module (1) through splicing connectors, and then splice the standard frame modules (1) into the overall skeleton (2) structure. The third step is to lay the planting layer (3), the drainage layer (4) and the water circulation layer (5) and install the planting trough, rest facilities, irrigation and lighting system to complete the overall construction.

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