An integrated pollination device and method for Dendrobium officinale with curved stems

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated pollination method for Dendrobium nobile, belonging to the field of Dendrobium artificial breeding technology. This method integrates parent selection, flower pre-selection, pollen collection, pollination, tool disinfection, and post-pollination management into a single process: Select robust, disease-free mature Dendrobium nobile plants as parents, choosing healthy flowers that have bloomed within the last 3 days; place pollen masses in the stigma cavity of the column, cover with an isolation bag after pollination, and label; disinfect pollination tools with 75% alcohol after each pollination; place pollinated plants in a well-ventilated environment with diffused light, maintaining a temperature of 20–25℃ and humidity of 60%–70%, avoiding watering the flowers, and regularly inspecting the plants to promptly remove wilted and spent flowers. This invention forms a standardized and complete operational process, effectively preventing cross-contamination of pollen, reducing the risk of pollen mold, minimizing ineffective nutrient consumption, and significantly improving the success rate of artificial pollination of Dendrobium nobile, making it suitable for large-scale hybridization breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of artificial hybridization breeding technology of Dendrobium, and in particular to an integrated operation device and method for pollinating Dendrobium officinale with curved stems. Background Technology

[0002] Dendrobium nobile is a rare and valuable medicinal resource with outstanding medicinal value and broad prospects for germplasm resource development. Artificial hybridization breeding is the core method for cultivating superior new varieties of Dendrobium nobile. At present, artificial pollination of Dendrobium nobile relies mainly on the experience of operators, lacking standardized and integrated procedures, resulting in many technical shortcomings. Existing pollination operations lack standardized tools and disinfection, which can easily lead to cross-contamination of pollen from different parents, causing hybrid germplasm mixing; after pollination, there is a lack of supporting isolation and protection and refined environmental control, making pollen easily washed away by spray water or moldy due to dampness; pollen collection is often haphazard, easily causing pollen clumps to break and lose viability; at the same time, there is a lack of a regular inspection mechanism, and wilted flowers that have failed pollination are not cleaned up in time, continuously consuming plant nutrients, ultimately resulting in a low fruit set rate of Dendrobium nobile artificial pollination, making it difficult to support the advancement of large-scale hybridization breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of existing technology and provide an integrated operation method for pollination of Dendrobium officinale with curved stems. It constructs a complete standardized integrated process from early screening of parent plants, collection of male pollen, on-site pollination operation, anti-pollution and isolation, tool sterilization to regular inspection and refined management after pollination, taking into account both the purity of hybrid germplasm and pollination fruit setting rate.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for integrated pollination of Dendrobium nobile, comprising the following steps: (1) Parental selection: Selecting mature Dendrobium nobile plants that are vigorous, free from pests and diseases, with excellent traits, uniform flowering, and open petals, and possessing typical varietal characteristics as pollinating parents; (2) Pollination flower selection: Prioritizing healthy flowers that have been flowering for less than 3 days as pollination targets, and removing damaged or deformed flowers; (3) Pollination and isolation marking: Locating the stigma cavity at the top of the Dendrobium nobile column, using tweezers to hold the pollen mass and placing it into the stigma cavity, so that the pollen mass fully adheres to the stigma mucus; the pollen mass is taken from healthy male parent flowers that have been flowering for 1 to 3 days, and the flowers are collected. During pollen block operation, prevent pollen blocks from breaking, losing water and becoming inactive; after pollination, close the petals, put them in an isolation bag, mark them, and record the pollination date and parent combination information; (4) Disinfect pollination tools: after completing a single pollination operation, disinfect the pollination tweezers with 75% medical alcohol; (5) Post-pollination care: place the pollinated plants in a well-ventilated area with sufficient diffused light, control the ambient temperature at 20-25℃, and the relative humidity at 60%-70%; it is strictly forbidden to spray water directly on the pollinated flowers; after pollination, conduct plant inspections every 3-5 days to observe the development of the stigma, distinguish between successfully pollinated and unsuccessfully pollinated flowers, and promptly remove unsuccessfully pollinated, withered and fallen flowers.

[0005] Furthermore, in step (4), the tweezers are disinfected with alcohol and then air-dried before the next set of parent pollination operations are carried out.

[0006] Furthermore, the isolation bag mentioned in step (3) is a breathable and light-transmitting non-woven fabric isolation bag.

[0007] Furthermore, the management in step (5) continues until the pollinated flowers set fruit stably.

[0008] Furthermore, the parent plants should stop spraying large amounts of water on their leaves 7 to 10 days before pollination to maintain a stable state of mucus on the flower stigma.

[0009] An integrated pollination device for Dendrobium nobile with curved stems is applied to the integrated pollination method for Dendrobium nobile with curved stems.

[0010] Beneficial effects of the invention 1. This invention establishes a closed-loop integrated pollination operation standard, with standardized procedures that facilitate unified execution by breeding teams and are suitable for large-scale hybridization breeding scenarios of Dendrobium nobile. 2. The pollination tools are disinfected sequentially, and double protection is provided by using isolation bags after pollination, effectively blocking exogenous pollen, avoiding cross-contamination between different parent pollen lines, and ensuring the purity of the hybrid combination's germplasm. 3. Optimal flowering periods for the male and female parents are defined, pollen collection operations are standardized to prevent pollen inactivation, and precise temperature and humidity control is implemented to prevent pollen from falling off due to watering and mold growth. A regular inspection mechanism is established to promptly remove withered flowers, reducing ineffective nutrient consumption by plants and significantly increasing the probability of pollination and fruit set. 4. The entire process requires no large-scale specialized equipment and can be implemented using conventional Dendrobium nobile cultivation greenhouses, making it simple to operate and with low barriers to promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0014] The first embodiment of this application is as follows: Please see Figure 1 ,in, Figure 1This is a flowchart of the integrated pollination method for Dendrobium nobile according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium nobile includes the following steps: 1) Parental pretreatment and selection: Select robust, disease-free, stable, and uniformly flowering mature Dendrobium nobile plants as the male and female parents, respectively; reduce foliar spraying 8 days before pollination to avoid diluting the stigma mucus. 2) Pollination flower selection: Select healthy female parent flowers that have been open for 1-3 days, with complete and fully unfolded petals and no insect damage, and remove deformed flowers and aging semi-open flowers. 3) Pollen collection and pollination isolation: Select healthy male parent flowers that have been open for 1-3 days to collect pollen masses. Handle gently to avoid crushing the pollen masses and prolonged exposure to air drying; use tweezers to remove the male parent pollen masses and place them steadily into the stigma cavity at the top of the female parent's stigma column, ensuring that the pollen masses and stigma mucus are in close contact; gently close the petals, cover with a non-woven fabric isolation bag, and hang a label indicating the parental number and pollination date. 4) Tool disinfection: After completing one set of pollination operations, wipe the tweezers with 75% medical alcohol and allow them to air dry before proceeding to the next set of pollination to prevent cross-contamination of pollen. 5) Post-pollination care: Place the pollinated plants in a well-ventilated area with diffused light in the greenhouse, maintaining an ambient temperature of 22℃ and a relative humidity of 65%. Avoid direct watering of the flowers during routine irrigation; after pollination, conduct an inspection every 4 days to observe the stigma swelling and development, distinguish between successfully pollinated flowers and withered flowers, and promptly remove wilted or failed-pollination flowers. Continue care until the pollinated flowers have set fruit stably.

[0015] Controlled Trial Selected Dendrobium orchids of similar growth vigor were pollinated using traditional methods: tweezers were not sterilized after each pollination, isolation bags were not used, pollen collection was haphazard, there was no regular post-pollination inspection mechanism, no strict temperature and humidity control, and withered flowers were not promptly removed. The experimental results showed that using this integrated method, the fruit set rate of Dendrobium orchids pollinated with curved stems increased by more than 35% compared to traditional methods, and no germplasm contamination caused by exogenous pollen occurred.

[0016] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for integrated pollination of Dendrobium officinale with curved stems, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Parental selection: Select mature Dendrobium officinale plants that are robust, free from pests and diseases, have excellent traits, bloom uniformly, have open petals, and possess typical varietal characteristics as pollinating parents; (2) Pollination flower selection: Prioritize healthy flowers that have bloomed within 3 days as pollination targets, and remove damaged or deformed flowers; (3) Pollination and isolation marking: Locate the stigma cavity at the top of the Dendrobium officinale column, use tweezers to hold the pollen mass and place it into the stigma cavity, so that the pollen mass fully adheres to the stigma mucus; pollination completed After closing the petals, put on the isolation bag, mark it, and record the pollination date and parent combination information; (4) Disinfection of pollination tools: After completing a single pollination operation, disinfect the pollination tweezers with 75% medical alcohol; (5) Post-pollination care: Place the pollinated plants in a well-ventilated area with sufficient diffused light, control the ambient temperature at 20-25℃, and the relative humidity at 60%-70%; it is strictly forbidden to spray water directly on the pollinated flowers, and promptly remove flowers that have failed to pollinate or have withered and fallen off.

2. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the tweezers are disinfected with alcohol and then air-dried before the next set of parent pollination operations are carried out.

3. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale with curved stems as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The isolation bag mentioned in step (3) is a breathable and light-transmitting non-woven fabric isolation bag.

4. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale with curved stems as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The management in step (5) continues until the pollinated flowers set fruit stably.

5. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale with curved stems as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Stop spraying large amounts of water on the leaves of the parent plants 7 to 10 days before pollination to maintain a stable state of mucus on the flower stigma.

6. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), pollen masses are taken from healthy male parent flowers that have been in bloom for 1 to 3 days. During the pollen mass collection process, prevent the pollen masses from breaking, losing water and becoming inactive.

7. The integrated pollination method for Dendrobium officinale as described in claim 6, characterized in that, After pollination, inspect the plants every 3 to 5 days to observe the development of the stigma and distinguish between flowers that have been successfully pollinated and those that have failed to be pollinated.

8. An integrated pollination device for Dendrobium nobile with curved stems, applied to the integrated pollination method for Dendrobium nobile with curved stems as described in claim 1.

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