A new method for high yield culture of penaeus vannamei

Abstract

The application discloses a new method for high-yield breeding of penaeus vannamei, which innovatively combines key technologies such as whole-process regulation of probiotics, light-temperature synergistic promotion and multi-layer ecological construction in a facility breeding pond, strengthens the intestinal tract immunity of the penaeus vannamei by using the probiotics, optimizes the water micro-ecology, combines facility temperature control and light supplement to extend the growth cycle and stimulate feeding, forms a high-stability breeding system of 'physical-biological-microorganism' trinity, and can significantly improve the unit yield and survival rate of the penaeus vannamei, reduce the feed coefficient and disease incidence, and realize low-pollution discharge of tail water, and is an innovative breeding mode with high yield, high efficiency and ecological environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei. Background Technology

[0002] Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important aquaculture species in my country. With the expansion of aquaculture scale, traditional high-density monoculture models face severe challenges such as frequent disease outbreaks, water quality deterioration, drug overuse, and unstable profitability. In recent years, while individual technologies such as ecological polyculture, facility-based aquaculture, and the application of probiotics have made some progress, limitations still exist.

[0003] Therefore, existing technologies lack a comprehensive aquaculture method that can systematically integrate the advantages of multiple models, achieve environmental control, ecological efficiency, green disease prevention and control, and significantly break through the production bottleneck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei. By organically integrating "environmental control in facilities", "synergistic regulation of intestinal microecology and aquatic microecology" and "photothermal synergistic growth promotion", a highly controllable, internally circulated, and stress-resistant high-yield farming system is constructed to achieve stable high yield, high survival rate, low feed conversion ratio, and resource utilization of farming waste per unit of water.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Fill the aquaculture pond with water and cultivate an aquatic ecosystem based on beneficial algae and zooplankton;

[0008] S2. In a nursery pond with a controlled temperature and light environment, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae are fed with lactic acid bacteria for enhanced nursery growth, and then transferred to a grow-out pond after reaching the required size.

[0009] S3. Feed the whiteleg shrimp larvae with shrimp feed, add lactic acid bacteria to the shrimp feed, and regularly supplement the aquaculture water with compound probiotics;

[0010] S4. Water temperature is regulated by the facilities, and supplemental lighting is provided at night;

[0011] S5. Harvest the whiteleg shrimp separately and carry out ecological purification of the aquaculture wastewater.

[0012] In addition, the novel high-yield farming method for Litopenaeus vannamei proposed above according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] Specifically, in step S1, the area of ​​the culture pond is 25m², the water depth is 1.1m, and the culture density of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae is 7 larvae / m².

[0014] Specifically, in step S2, the water temperature in the feed preparation tank is 28-30℃, the feed is exposed to blue light for 6-8 hours per day, and the lactic acid bacteria solution accounts for 8%-12% of the dry weight of the feed.

[0015] Specifically, the lactic acid bacteria solution added in step S3 is 10%-12% of the dry weight of the feed in the early stage of breeding, and adjusted to 5%-8% in the middle and late stages of breeding.

[0016] Specifically, the compound probiotics added in step S3 are one or more combinations of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0017] Specifically, in step S3, cooked corn and soybean meal are added to the feed, and the feed is given once each in the morning, noon and evening, with an interval of 6-8 hours between each feeding. The amount of feed given at noon is controlled at 8%-10% of the total weight of the whiteleg shrimp.

[0018] Specifically, in step S4, the nighttime supplementary lighting uses blue light with a main wavelength of 450-470nm or a composite spectrum of blue light with 520-540nm green light.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By using high-density stocking, environmental control to extend the effective growing period, and "light-temperature" synergy to promote growth, combined with the stability of the ecological system.

[0021] 2. It creates a dual-stabilization structure of "facility-controlled water environment + probiotic regulation of micro-ecology", which greatly improves the system's resilience and self-purification ability, and ensures long-term stability of water quality indicators.

[0022] 3. Probiotics construct a three-dimensional immune and biological control network from the gut to the water, effectively inhibiting pathogens such as Vibrio, significantly reducing the incidence of diseases throughout the breeding process, and basically achieving antibiotic-free breeding.

[0023] 4. Precise feeding combined with probiotics improves digestibility and absorption, reduces feed conversion ratio, and allows uneaten feed and feces to be utilized by microorganisms and algae at multiple levels, achieving material cycling within the aquaculture system and resulting in low wastewater pollution load.

[0024] 5. It makes full use of the three-dimensional space and nutrients in the water body, and the insulation of the facilities enables off-season aquaculture, thereby improving the annual turnover rate of land and facilities.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below and are intended to explain the invention, but should not be construed as limiting the invention. Rather, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei may include the following steps:

[0029] S1. Fill the culture pond with water and cultivate an aquatic ecosystem based on beneficial algae and zooplankton. The area of ​​the culture pond is 25m², the water depth is 1.1m, and the stocking density of Pacific white shrimp larvae is 7 shrimp / m².

[0030] S2. In a nursery pond with a controlled temperature and light environment, the water temperature is 28-30℃, and the shrimp larvae are exposed to blue light for 6-8 hours a day. Lactic acid bacteria are used to fortify the feeding of the nursery shrimp larvae. After they reach the required size, they are transferred to the grow-out pond. The lactic acid bacteria solution accounts for 8%-12% of the dry weight of the feed.

[0031] S3. Feed the Pacific white shrimp larvae with shrimp feed, adding lactic acid bacteria to the shrimp feed. In the early stage of cultivation, the lactic acid bacteria should be 10%-12% of the dry weight of the feed, and in the middle and late stages of cultivation, the amount should be adjusted to 5%-8%. Regularly supplement the water with compound probiotics, which are one or more combinations of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria. Add cooked corn and soybean meal to the feed, and feed once in the morning, noon and evening, with an interval of 6-8 hours between each feeding. The amount of feed at noon should be controlled at 8%-10% of the total weight of the Pacific white shrimp.

[0032] S4. The water temperature is regulated by the facility, and supplemental lighting is provided at night. The supplemental lighting at night uses blue light with a main wavelength of 450-470nm or a composite spectrum of blue light with 520-540nm green light.

[0033] S5. Harvest the whiteleg shrimp and carry out ecological purification of the aquaculture wastewater.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] A new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei may include the following steps:

[0036] S1. Water is introduced into the culture pond and an aquatic ecological environment based on beneficial algae and zooplankton is cultivated. The area of ​​the culture pond is 25m², the water depth is 1.1m, and the stocking density of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae is 7 shrimp / m².

[0037] S2. In a nursery pond with a controlled temperature and light environment, the water temperature of the nursery pond is 29℃, and blue light is irradiated for 8 hours a day. The shrimp larvae of Litopenaeus vannamei are fed with lactic acid bacteria fortification during nursery feeding. After reaching the required size, they are transferred to the grow-out pond. The lactic acid bacteria solution accounts for 9% of the dry weight of the feed.

[0038] S3. Feed the Pacific white shrimp larvae with shrimp feed, adding lactic acid bacteria to the shrimp feed. The lactic acid bacteria should be 10% of the dry weight of the feed in the early stage of cultivation and adjusted to 6% in the middle and late stages of cultivation. Regularly supplement the cultivation water with compound probiotics, which are one or more combinations of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria. Add cooked corn and soybean meal to the feed. Feed once in the morning, noon and evening, with an interval of 6 hours between each feeding. The amount of feed at noon should be controlled at 9% of the total weight of Pacific white shrimp.

[0039] S4. The water temperature is regulated by the facility, and supplemental lighting is provided at night. The supplemental lighting at night uses blue light with a main wavelength of 460nm or a composite spectrum of blue light and green light with a main wavelength of 520nm.

[0040] S5. Harvest the whiteleg shrimp and carry out ecological purification of the aquaculture wastewater.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei may include the following steps:

[0043] S1. Fill the culture pond with water and cultivate an aquatic ecological environment based on beneficial algae and zooplankton. The area of ​​the culture pond is 25m², the water depth is 1.1m, and the stocking density of Litopenaeus vannamei larvae is 7 shrimp / m².

[0044] S2. In the standard fertilization tank under controlled temperature and light environment, the water temperature of the standard fertilization tank is 30℃, and it is exposed to blue light for 7 hours a day;

[0045] S3. Feed the whiteleg shrimp larvae with shrimp feed, adding cooked corn and soybean meal, feed them once in the morning, noon and evening, with an 8-hour interval between each feeding. The amount of feed given at noon should be controlled at 9% of the total weight of the whiteleg shrimp.

[0046] S4. The water temperature is regulated by the facility, and supplemental lighting is provided at night. The supplemental lighting at night uses blue light with a main wavelength of 450nm or a composite spectrum of blue light and green light with a main wavelength of 520nm.

[0047] S5. Harvest Pacific white shrimp and ecologically purify the aquaculture wastewater.

[0048] In summary, this invention provides a novel method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei.

[0049] 1. By using high-density stocking, environmental control to extend the effective growth period, and "light-temperature" synergy to promote growth, the stability of the aquaculture system can be achieved.

[0050] 2. It has created a triple stability structure of "facility-controlled water environment + probiotic regulation of micro-ecology + multi-trophic level coexistence of shrimp-algae-zooplankton", which greatly improves the system's resilience and self-purification ability, and ensures long-term stability of water quality indicators.

[0051] 3. Probiotics construct a three-dimensional immune and biological control network from the gut to the water, effectively inhibiting pathogens such as Vibrio, significantly reducing the incidence of diseases throughout the breeding process, and basically achieving antibiotic-free breeding.

[0052] 4. Precise feeding combined with probiotics improves digestibility and absorption, reduces feed conversion ratio, and allows uneaten feed and feces to be utilized by microorganisms and algae at multiple levels, achieving material cycling within the aquaculture system and resulting in low wastewater pollution load.

[0053] 5. It makes full use of the three-dimensional space and nutrients in the water body, and the insulation of the facilities enables off-season aquaculture, thereby improving the annual turnover rate of land and facilities.

[0054] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fill the aquaculture pond with water and cultivate an aquatic ecosystem based on beneficial algae and zooplankton; S2. In a nursery pond with a controlled temperature and light environment, Litopenaeus vannamei larvae are fed with lactic acid bacteria for enhanced nursery growth, and then transferred to a grow-out pond after reaching the required size. S3. Feed the whiteleg shrimp larvae with shrimp feed, add lactic acid bacteria to the shrimp feed, and regularly supplement the aquaculture water with compound probiotics; S4. Water temperature is regulated by the facilities, and supplemental lighting is provided at night; S5. Harvest the whiteleg shrimp separately and carry out ecological purification of the aquaculture wastewater.

2. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the area of ​​the culture pond is 25m², the water depth is 1.1m, and the culture density of Pacific white shrimp larvae is 7 shrimp / m².

3. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the water temperature in the feed preparation tank is 28-30℃, and the feed is exposed to blue light for 6-8 hours per day. The lactic acid bacteria solution accounts for 8%-12% of the dry weight of the feed.

4. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lactic acid bacteria solution added in step S3 is 10%-12% of the dry weight of the feed in the early stage of breeding, and adjusted to 5%-8% in the middle and late stages of breeding.

5. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 4, characterized in that, The compound probiotics added in step S3 consist of one or more combinations of Bacillus, nitrifying bacteria, and photosynthetic bacteria.

6. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, cooked corn and soybean meal are added to the feed, and the feed is given three times a day, in the morning, noon and evening, with an interval of 6-8 hours between each feeding. The amount of feed given at noon is controlled at 8%-10% of the total weight of the whiteleg shrimp.

7. The new method for high-yield farming of Litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the nighttime supplementary lighting uses blue light with a main wavelength of 450-470nm or a composite spectrum of blue light with 520-540nm green light.