A shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects

Abstract

The application discloses a shoulder joint implant for glenoid defect, which comprises a glenoid base, and opposite sides of the glenoid base are respectively a bone contact spherical surface and a prosthesis contact surface; a filling part for filling the glenoid defect is arranged on the side of the bone contact spherical surface, and the filling part partially or entirely covers the bone contact spherical surface; the outer side of the filling part is a convex spherical surface with a first outer edge, the spherical center of the convex spherical surface is located on the side of the prosthesis contact surface, so that the thickness of the filling part gradually decreases along the radial direction of the glenoid base; and the inner side of the filling part is a concave spherical surface with a second outer edge, and the concave spherical surface is attached to the bone contact spherical surface or is stereolithographically formed with the bone contact spherical surface. The application can accurately adapt to complex glenoid defects such as Walch B2 type, C type, Favard E2 type and E3 type, can complete defect filling without additional osteotomy, effectively retains the bone mass of a patient, realizes good bone integration by cooperating with a porous structure, improves the long-term stability of a prosthesis, and is suitable for reverse shoulder replacement surgery for complex glenoid bone defects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to medical devices, and more particularly to a shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects. Background Technology

[0002] Total shoulder arthroplasty, encompassing both anatomical and inverted shoulder joint systems, is a mature surgical procedure for treating primary glenohumeral arthritis and has been proven to have excellent long-term clinical efficacy. Primary glenohumeral arthritis is clinically classified using the Walch classification based on the morphology of the glenoid bone, which serves as the core basis for guiding prosthesis selection and surgical planning.

[0003] See Figure 1 Type A is a centrally symmetrical type of glenoid arthritis without humeral head subluxation or displacement, including two subtypes: mild and severe central wear. Type B is an eccentric type of glenoid arthritis with posterior subluxation of the humeral head, with type B2 showing significant bone erosion in the posterior glenoid region, exhibiting a biconcave characteristic. Type C is a developmental deformity with a glenoid posterior tilt angle greater than 25°. Both types B2 and C are complex glenoid bone defects, placing extremely high demands on the anatomical fit and bone fixation performance of the prosthesis.

[0004] See Figure 27 Rotator cuff tear arthritis can also be classified according to the morphology of the glenoid bone, clinically known as the Favard classification (Superior-Inferior classification along the superior-inferior direction). Among them, such as... Figure 27 As shown in a and 27b: Type E0 is a massive rotator cuff tear with only soft tissue imbalance and no wear on the glenoid cartilage or bone tissue; Type E1 is concentric wear with uniform inward indentation of the glenoid as a whole, showing concentric central erosion, with the humeral head in the center and no unilateral superior-inferior eccentric defects; Type E2 is caused by the continuous upward displacement of the humeral head after rotator cuff injury, repeatedly impacting the upper part of the glenoid, resulting in severe wear in the upper 1 / 3 of the glenoid; Type E3 is caused by long-term massive rotator cuff tear leading to severe wear in the upper part of the glenoid, with the defect extending to the lower pole of the glenoid; Type E4 is caused by wear at the lower pole of the glenoid, while the upper part of the glenoid remains intact, which is relatively rare clinically.

[0005] Patients often have limited bone volume on the glenoid side, especially when bone defects are present. Traditional shoulder implants either require osteotomy of the protruding bone tissue or use non-anatomically designed pads such as wedges, squares, or fan shapes. During surgery, additional adjustments to the glenoid bone surface are required to fit the prosthesis, further resulting in glenoid bone loss. This can easily lead to prosthesis loosening postoperatively, ultimately requiring revision. Alternatively, insufficient remaining bone volume can cause fixation screws or posts to penetrate the glenoid cortex, damaging surrounding soft tissues, causing patient pain, and increasing the risk of revision.

[0006] For example, in the prior art, Chinese patent CN11166536B discloses an enhanced glenoid prosthesis, but it still has obvious limitations in dealing with Walch B2, C type and Favard E2, E3 type glenoid defects, specifically in the following aspects:

[0007] Firstly, the wedge-shaped, fan-shaped, and square reinforcing pads disclosed in this patent do not match the anatomical morphology of glenoid defects corresponding to Walch B2, C, and Favard E2, E3 classifications, and are not anatomically designed. In clinical application, additional grinding and trimming of the patient's glenoid bone tissue is required to fit the pad shape, which not only further reduces glenoid bone volume but also increases the difficulty of surgical operation and osteotomy surface morphology control. It is difficult to accurately obtain an osteotomy surface that perfectly matches the pad during surgery, ultimately making it difficult to guarantee the prosthesis fit and clinical efficacy.

[0008] Secondly, in the Chinese patent CN11166536B, all three types of reinforcing pads have multiple pre-drilled internal threaded holes, strictly limiting the direction and position of screw implantation. This makes it impossible to flexibly adjust the placement based on the patient's actual bone defect during surgery. In severe glenoid bone defects such as Walch C and Favard E3, this can easily lead to reinforcing pad fixation failure, screw inability to be implanted, or screw penetration of the glenoid cortex, potentially causing iatrogenic damage to surrounding soft tissues and bone.

[0009] Third, the glenoid base and reinforcing pad in this patent are made of metal or alloy materials, which can only be applied to reverse shoulder arthroplasty, limiting the range of surgical options and restricting the preoperative prosthesis selection space for clinicians. At the same time, the reinforcing pad is a solid metal structure, and bone ingrowth is achieved only through surface roughening treatment. Its elastic modulus is significantly different from that of natural human bone tissue, which is not conducive to postoperative biomechanical adaptation and bone integration. It also results in insufficient long-term fixation stability, making it prone to prosthesis loosening, which in turn leads to revision surgery, increasing patient suffering and medical burden.

[0010] Fourth, the prosthesis adopts a split assembly structure. The interface between the metal base and the metal pad is prone to corrosion due to micro-movement, which may cause metal ion precipitation and induce adverse reactions such as local inflammatory pseudotumors, causing potential harm to patients. Moreover, the patent does not provide an integrated prosthesis solution, which cannot meet the diverse selection needs of clinical practice.

[0011] In summary, existing reverse shoulder replacement implants for complex glenoid defects such as Walch B2, C, and Favard E2, E3 generally suffer from poor anatomical fit, insufficient bone preservation, low fixation reliability, and poor long-term stability. How to develop shoulder joint implants that are suitable for these complex defects is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing reverse shoulder replacement implants for complex glenoid defects such as Walch B2, C and Favard E2, E3 generally have problems such as poor anatomical fit, insufficient bone preservation, low fixation reliability and poor long-term stability. How to develop shoulder joint implants that are suitable for such complex defects is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0014] The present invention is a shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects, including a glenoid base, wherein the two opposite sides of the glenoid base are a bone contact spherical surface and a prosthesis contact surface, respectively.

[0015] A filling portion is provided on the side of the bone contact spherical surface. The filling portion is used to fill the missing area of ​​the glenoid cavity. The filling portion partially or completely covers the bone contact spherical surface.

[0016] The outer surface of the filling part is a convex spherical surface with a first outer edge. The center of the convex spherical surface is located outside the contact surface of the prosthesis, so that the thickness of the filling part gradually decreases along the radial direction of the shoulder base.

[0017] The inner surface of the filling part is a concave spherical surface with a second outer edge, and the concave spherical surface fits the bone contact spherical surface.

[0018] Furthermore, the shoulder base and filling part are integrally formed or detachably connected.

[0019] Furthermore, the shortest distance from the highest point of the first outer edge of the filling portion to the plane where the second outer edge is located is denoted as T, and the angle between the line connecting the highest point of the first outer edge of the filling portion to the lowest point of the first outer edge and the plane where the second outer edge is located is θ.

[0020] Among them, 35°≥θ≥15°, 10mm≥T≥3mm.

[0021] Furthermore, when the shoulder base and the filling part are detachably connected, the filling part has a porous structure, wherein the disordered porosity of the filling part is not less than 30%, the average pore intercept is 100μm~300μm, and the rod diameter is ~200μm;

[0022] When the shoulder base and the filling part are integrally formed, the filling part has a solid structure consistent with the base platform. The filling part and the base are provided with a porous coating, wherein the disordered porosity of the porous coating is not less than 30%, the average pore intercept is 100μm~300μm, and the rod diameter is ~200μm.

[0023] Furthermore, when the filling portion partially covers the bone contact spherical surface, the outline cross-section of the filling portion is a fan-shaped structure, and a first screw hole is provided on the filling portion. The axis of the first screw hole is collinear with the axis of the edge screw hole of the glenoid base, and the diameter of the first screw hole is larger than the diameter of the edge screw hole.

[0024] Furthermore, the filling part has a central positioning notch that matches the outer wall of the column of the shoulder base, and an edge positioning notch that matches the edges of the remaining edge threaded holes.

[0025] Furthermore, when the filling part completely covers the bone contact spherical surface, the outline cross-section of the filling part is a circular structure, and at least a second screw hole is provided on the filling part. The axis of the second screw hole is collinear with the axis of the edge screw hole of the glenoid base, and the diameter of the second screw hole is larger than the diameter of the edge screw hole.

[0026] A central hole is provided at the center of the filling part for the column of the shoulder base to pass through.

[0027] Furthermore, the bone contact spherical side of the glenoid base is provided with a porous coating, and the surface roughness of the porous coating is not less than Rz100μm.

[0028] Furthermore, the diameter of the convex spherical surface is 30mm~80mm, and the outer circumference of the shoulder joint implant is 20mm~32mm.

[0029] Furthermore, a column is provided at the center of the shoulder base, and a central screw hole is provided inside the column. The proximal end of the central screw hole is cylindrical and the distal end is conical.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] The filling component in this design employs a convex-concave spherical structure. The convex spherical shape closely matches the natural anatomical structure of complex glenoid defects such as Walch B2, C, and Favard E2 and E3 types. Furthermore, its thickness gradually varies along the radial direction of the glenoid base, allowing direct embedding into the defect area for filling without the need for additional grinding of the patient's normal glenoid bone tissue to fit the shape of the pad. This reduces the difficulty of surgical operation and osteotomy surface morphology control while maximizing the preservation of bone volume, thus minimizing postoperative risks such as prosthesis loosening and screw penetration of soft tissue due to insufficient bone volume. Simultaneously, a fan-shaped partial covering structure is used for B2 or E2 localized bone defects, while a circular full covering structure is used for C or E3 type total glenoid malformations, providing differentiated adaptation to different defect scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a Walch fractal diagram;

[0034] Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the shoulder base in Examples 1 and 2;

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view;

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A sectional view;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1;

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A sectional view;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the filling part in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Top view;

[0042] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 Side view;

[0043] Figure 11 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the side section structure;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2;

[0045] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A sectional view;

[0046] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the filling part in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0048] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 Top view;

[0049] Figure 17 yes Figure 14 Side view;

[0050] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the side section view;

[0051] Figure 19 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 3;

[0052] Figure 20 yes Figure 19 A sectional view;

[0053] Figure 21 This is an exploded view of the porous coating and substrate platform in Example 3;

[0054] Figure 22 This is a structural schematic diagram of Example 4;

[0055] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 A sectional view;

[0056] Figure 24 This is an exploded view of the porous coating and substrate platform in Example 4;

[0057] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the Walch B2 type shoulder girdle;

[0058] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the Walch C-type shoulder girdle.

[0059] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the Favard fractal;

[0060] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of the Favard E2 type shoulder girdle;

[0061] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of the Favard E3 type shoulder girdle; Detailed Implementation

[0062] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] This embodiment 1 is a shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects, used to treat Walch B2 type defects in reverse shoulder replacement, including a glenoid base 1 and a filling part 2, wherein the filling part 2 partially covers the bone contact spherical surface 11 of the glenoid base 1;

[0065] See Figure 5The glenoid base 1 is made of biocompatible materials, such as titanium alloy or cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy. The glenoid base 1 has a rotating structure to simulate the shape of the lower end of the glenoid of the patient. The top surface of the glenoid base 1 is a bone contact spherical surface 11, and the bottom is a prosthesis contact surface 12. The prosthesis contact surface 12 is used to install other shoulder joint products, such as cone connection components or glenoid head.

[0066] See Figure 2-4 The glenoid base 1 also includes a base platform 13, a porous coating 14, edge screw holes 15, a central screw hole 16, and a column 17. The outer circumferential diameter of the glenoid base 1 is 20mm~32mm to meet the needs of domestic patients. The outer peripheral wall of the base platform 13 is provided with a porous coating 14, and the top surface of the porous coating 14 is the bone contact spherical surface 11. The porous coating 14 can be manufactured by plasma spraying, titanium bead sintering, or 3D printing. It can be a metal coating, an HA coating, or a combination of both. Preferably, the surface roughness of the coating should not be less than Rz100μm to prevent loosening and ensure the initial stability of the prosthesis.

[0067] See Figure 3 From the top view, the base platform 13 has four edge screw holes 15 evenly distributed on the top, bottom and left and right sides to accommodate locking screws or non-locking screws; in addition, the central axis of the edge screw hole 15 forms an angle θ1 with the central screw hole 16, and the angle θ1 is 5°~10° to ensure that the screw will not interfere with the column 17 when it passes through the corresponding edge screw hole 15.

[0068] The base platform 13 has a central screw hole 16, through which the glenoid base 1 can be fixed. The proximal end of the hole is cylindrical, and the distal end is tapered. Through the tapered fit, the glenoid base 1 can be assembled with other components. The bone contact spherical surface 11 is spherical, and the diameter of the spherical surface matches the patient's glenoid. Preferably, the diameter of the bone contact spherical surface 11 can be controlled between 56mm and 108mm.

[0069] The column 17 has a cylindrical design with a central screw hole 16 inside, which is inserted into the patient's glenoid fossa for early fixation.

[0070] See Figure 6-11 The top surface of the filling part 2 is a convex spherical surface 22 with a first outer edge 21, and the bottom surface is a concave spherical surface 24 with a second outer edge 23 that fits and matches the bone contact spherical surface 11. The center of the convex spherical surface 22, w1, and the center of the concave spherical surface 24 are both located at the lower left position of the glenoid base 1, and the two centers do not coincide.

[0071] See Figure 9 From the top view of the filling part 2, the filling part 2 has a fan-shaped structure and a local bone contact spherical surface 11; see also Figure 11Viewed from the side sectional view of the filling portion 2 (i.e., from left to right in the radial direction of the shoulder base 1), the thickness of the filling portion 2 gradually decreases; see also... Figure 10 The straight-line distance from the high point to the low point on the left side of the filling part 2 is T (the plane where the high point on the left side of the filling part is located to the second outer edge). The angle between the line connecting the high point on the left side of the filling part to the low point on the right side and the plane where the second outer edge is located is θ. In other words, θ is the offset angle between the plane where the first outer edge 21 is located and the plane where the second outer edge 23 is located. According to the patient's anatomical data, the angle θ of the filling part 2 should be controlled between 15° and 35°, and the thickness T should be controlled between 3mm and 10mm.

[0072] The filling part 2 is made of biocompatible materials, such as titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, or tantalum metal. The filling part 2 has a porous structure. The porous structure can reduce the elastic modulus of the implant, avoid stress shielding and osteolysis, and also achieve bone ingrowth through its own pore structure. The parameters of the porous structure can be designed as follows: disordered porosity not less than 30%, average pore intercept 100μm~300μm, rod diameter ~200μm, to enhance long-term stability and prevent implant loosening. The diameter of the second outer edge 23 is controlled at 22mm~34mm, which can be the same as the diameter of the base platform 13 or slightly larger than the diameter of the base platform 13. The filling part has a first screw hole 25 for edge screw implantation, the diameter of which is larger than that of the edge screw hole to prevent screw interference.

[0073] The convex spherical surface 22 is matched to the patient's type B2 defect, and its diameter is adapted to the patient's defect. Preferably, the diameter of the convex spherical surface 22 should be controlled between 30 mm and 80 mm. The concave spherical surface 24 is matched with the bone contact spherical surface 11 in the glenoid base 1, and the diameter of the concave spherical surface 24 is consistent with the diameter of the bone contact spherical surface 11.

[0074] See Figure 7 , 9 From the top view of the filling part 2, the filling part 2 has a center positioning notch 26 that matches the outer wall of the column 17 of the shoulder base 1, and an edge positioning notch 27 that matches the edge of the remaining edge threaded holes 15; the center positioning notch 26 and the edge positioning notch 27 are set to ensure that the filling part 2 and the shoulder base 1 will not rotate relative to each other after they are connected.

[0075] See Figure 25 Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the glenoid defect, as well as the diameter of the lower end of the glenoid, are determined, and a suitable filling part 2 and glenoid base 1 are selected. In use, the B2 type filling part 2 and glenoid base 1 are assembled and fixed together to the glenoid side of the patient using screws. At this time, the convex spherical surface 22 contacts the local bone spherical surface and contacts the patient's glenoid.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] See Figure 12-13 This embodiment 2 is a shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects, used to treat Walch type C defects in reverse shoulder replacement, including a glenoid base 1 and a filling part 3, wherein the filling part 3 completely covers the bone contact spherical surface 11 of the glenoid base 1;

[0078] The shoulder base 1 in Example 2 has the same structure as the shoulder base in Example 1, except for the filling part 3, as detailed below:

[0079] See Figure 14-18 The top surface of the filling part 3 is a convex spherical surface 32 with a first outer edge 31, and the bottom surface is a concave spherical surface 34 with a second outer edge 33 that fits and matches the bone contact spherical surface 11. The centers of the convex spherical surface 32 and the concave spherical surface 34 are both located at the lower left position of the glenoid base 1, and the two centers do not coincide.

[0080] See Figure 16 From the top view of the filling part 3, the filling part 3 has a near-circular structure and all bone contacts the spherical surface 11; see also Figure 18 Viewed from the side sectional view of the filling portion 2 (i.e., from left to right in the radial direction of the shoulder base 1), the thickness of the filling portion 3 gradually decreases; see also... Figure 17 The straight-line distance between the high point on the left side and the low point on the left side of the filling part 3 is T (the plane where the high point on the left side of the filling part is located to the second outer edge). The angle between the line connecting the high point on the left side and the low point on the right side of the filling part 3 and the plane where the second outer edge 33 is located is θ. In other words, θ is the offset angle between the plane where the first outer edge 31 is located and the plane where the second outer edge 33 is located. According to the patient's anatomical data, the angle θ of the filling part 3 should be controlled between 15° and 35°, and the thickness T should be controlled between 3mm and 10mm.

[0081] The filling part 3 is made of biocompatible materials, such as titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy, or tantalum metal. The filling part 3 has a porous structure, which can reduce the elastic modulus of the implant, avoid stress shielding and osteolysis, and also achieve bone ingrowth through its own pore structure. The parameters of the porous structure can be designed as follows: disordered porosity not less than 30%, average pore intercept 100μm~300μm, rod diameter ~200μm, to enhance long-term stability and prevent implant loosening. The diameter of the second outer edge 33 is controlled at 22mm~34mm, which can be the same as the diameter of the base platform 13 or slightly larger than the diameter of the base platform 13. The filling part 3 has four second screw holes 35 for edge screw implantation, and their diameter is larger than that of the edge screw holes 15 to prevent screw interference.

[0082] The convex spherical surface 32 is matched to the patient's type C defect, and its diameter is adapted to the patient's defect. Preferably, the diameter of the convex spherical surface 32 should be controlled between 30mm and 80mm. The concave spherical surface 34 is matched with the bone contact spherical surface 11 in the glenoid base, and the diameter of the concave spherical surface 34 is consistent with the diameter of the bone contact spherical surface 11.

[0083] See Figure 16 From the top view of the filling part 3, the filling part 3 is provided with at least a second screw hole 35. The axis of the second screw hole 35 is collinear with the axis of the edge screw hole 15 of the shoulder base 1, and the diameter of the second screw hole 35 is larger than the diameter of the edge screw hole 15. A central hole 36 is provided through the center of the filling part 3 for the column 17 of the shoulder base 1 to pass through.

[0084] See Figure 26 Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the glenoid defect, as well as the diameter of the lower end of the glenoid, are determined, and a suitable filling part 3 and glenoid base 1 are selected. In use, the C-shaped filling part 3 and glenoid base 1 are assembled and fixed together to the patient's glenoid side using screws. At this time, only the convex spherical surface 32 is in contact with the patient's glenoid.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] See Figure 19-21 This embodiment 3 is a shoulder implant for treating Walch B2 type defects in reverse shoulder replacement surgery. It includes an integrally molded glenoid base 1 and a filling portion 4. The outer circumferential diameter of the glenoid base 1 is 20mm~32mm to meet the needs of domestic patients. Specifically, the shoulder implant includes a base platform 13, four edge screw holes 15, one central screw hole 16, and a post 17. These features are consistent with the parameters of the glenoid base 1 in embodiment 1, except that the top surface of the base platform 13... A filling part 4 extends upward locally, and the top of the filling part 4 is a convex spherical surface 41. The size parameters of the convex spherical surface 41 are the same as those of the filling part 2 in Embodiment 1. The filling part 4 and the base platform 13 are integrally formed and made of the same material. A porous coating 14 is provided on the outside of the filling part 4 and the base platform 13. The top surface of the porous coating 14 is a bone contact spherical surface 11. The parameters of the porous coating 14 can be selected from those of the porous coating 14 in Embodiment 1. The top of the filling part 4 is a convex spherical surface 41, and the filling part 4 is also covered by the porous coating 14.

[0087] In other words, the filling part 4 and the substrate platform 13 in this embodiment 3 are the same in size and structure as the filling part 4 and the substrate platform 13 in embodiment 1. The difference is that the substrate platform 13 in embodiment 1 is provided with a porous coating and the filling part 2 is a porous structure, while the substrate platform 13 and the filling part 4 in embodiment 3 are both solid structures and the substrate platform 13 and the filling part 4 are provided with a porous coating.

[0088] It should be noted that the second outer edge 42 in this embodiment 3 is not a solid structure, but only a virtual dividing line between the base platform 13 and the filling part 4. Thus, the shoulder joint implant in this embodiment 3 is roughly the same size as the glenoid base 1 and filling part 2 in embodiment 1 after assembly.

[0089] See Figure 25 Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the glenoid defect, as well as the diameter of the lower end of the glenoid, are determined. A suitable shoulder joint implant is then selected and implanted into the patient's glenoid, at which point the bone-contact spherical surface 11 contacts the patient's glenoid.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] See Figure 22-24 This embodiment 4 is a shoulder joint implant for treating Walch C type defects in reverse shoulder replacement. It includes an integrally molded glenoid base 1 and a filling part 5. The outer circumferential diameter of the glenoid base 1 is 20mm~32mm to meet the needs of domestic patients. Specifically, the shoulder joint implant includes a base platform 13, four edge screw holes 15, one central screw hole 16, and a post 17. These features are consistent with the parameters of the glenoid base 1 in embodiment 2. The difference is that the top surface of the base platform 13 extends upward to the filling part 5. The top of the filling part 5 is a convex spherical surface 51. The size parameters of the convex spherical surface 51 are consistent with the size parameters of the filling part 3 in embodiment 2. The filling part 5 and the base platform 13 are integrally molded and made of the same material. A porous coating 14 is provided on the outside of the filling part 5 and the base platform 13. The top surface of the porous coating 14 is a bone contact spherical surface 11. The parameters of the porous coating can be selected from the parameters of the porous coating in embodiment 1.

[0092] In other words, the filling part 5 and the substrate platform 13 in this embodiment 4 are the same in size and structure as the filling part 3 and the substrate platform 13 in embodiment 2. The difference is that the substrate platform 13 in embodiment 2 is provided with a porous coating and the filling part 4 is a porous structure, while the substrate platform 13 and the filling part 5 in embodiment 4 are both solid structures and the substrate platform 13 and the filling part 5 are provided with a porous coating layer 14.

[0093] It should be noted that the second outer edge 52 in this embodiment 4 is not a solid structure, but only a virtual dividing line between the base platform 11 and the filling part 5. Thus, the shoulder joint implant 1 in this embodiment 4 is roughly the same size as the glenoid base 1 and the filling part 5 in embodiment 2 after assembly.

[0094] See Figure 26 Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the glenoid defect, as well as the diameter of the lower end of the glenoid, are determined. A suitable shoulder joint implant is then selected and implanted into the patient's glenoid, at which point the bone-contact spherical surface 11 contacts the patient's glenoid.

[0095] Combining Examples 1-4, shoulder implants for Walch B2 and C type glenoid defects are designed entirely using the patient's anatomical parameters, conforming to the patient's anatomical structure, preserving the patient's bone volume, avoiding extensive osteotomy, making the prosthesis more stable, with good long-term fixation, and avoiding loosening that would lead to revision.

[0096] Furthermore, the filling portion in Examples 1 and 2 has a porous structure, and Examples 3 and 4 have a porous coating 14. These porous structures closely match the bone properties of human cancellous bone: disordered porosity not less than 30%, average pore intercept of 100μm~300μm, and rod diameter of ~200μm. This porous structure achieves better bone ingrowth, enhances the long-term stability of the prosthesis, and reduces the probability of loosening.

[0097] The separation structure of the glenoid base and filling part in Examples 1 and 2 allows for rapid repair if severe wear is found on the main body of the glenoid component, without causing more serious harm to the patient.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] Example 5 describes a shoulder implant for glenoid defects, used to treat Favard E2 type defects in reverse shoulder replacement surgery. (See also...) Figure 28 Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the patient's glenoid defect are determined. A suitable E2 type shoulder joint implant is selected and implanted into the patient's glenoid. The shoulder joint implant in Example 1 or Example 3 is rotated 90° and implanted into the patient's glenoid.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] Example 6 describes a shoulder implant for glenoid defects, used to treat Favard E3 type defects in reverse shoulder replacement surgery. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 29Based on the patient's imaging data, the depth T, angle θ, and radius R of the patient's glenoid defect are determined. A suitable E2 type shoulder joint implant is selected and implanted into the patient's glenoid. The shoulder joint implant in Example 2 or Example 4 is rotated 90° and implanted into the patient's glenoid.

[0102] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects, characterized in that, Includes a glenoid base, wherein the two opposite sides of the glenoid base are a bone contact spherical surface and a prosthesis contact surface, respectively; A filling portion is provided on the side of the bone contact spherical surface. The filling portion is used to fill the missing area of ​​the glenoid cavity. The filling portion partially or completely covers the bone contact spherical surface. The outer surface of the filling part is a convex spherical surface with a first outer edge. The center of the convex spherical surface is located outside the contact surface of the prosthesis, so that the thickness of the filling part gradually decreases along the radial direction of the shoulder base. The inner surface of the filling part is a concave spherical surface with a second outer edge, and the concave spherical surface fits the bone contact spherical surface.

2. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shoulder base and filling part are integrally formed or detachably connected.

3. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shortest distance from the highest point of the first outer edge of the filling part to the plane where the second outer edge is located is denoted as T, and the angle between the line connecting the highest point of the first outer edge of the filling part to the lowest point of the first outer edge and the plane where the second outer edge is located is θ. Among them, 35°≥θ≥15°, 10mm≥T≥3mm.

4. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the shoulder base and the filling part are detachably connected, the filling part is a porous structure, wherein the disordered porosity of the filling part is not less than 30%, the average pore intercept is 100μm~300μm, and the rod diameter is ~200μm; When the shoulder base and the filling part are integrally formed, the filling part has a solid structure consistent with the base platform. The filling part and the base are provided with a porous coating, wherein the disordered porosity of the porous coating is not less than 30%, the average pore intercept is 100μm~300μm, and the rod diameter is ~200μm.

5. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the filling portion partially covers the bone contact spherical surface, the outline cross-section of the filling portion is a fan-shaped structure. A first screw hole is provided on the filling portion. The axis of the first screw hole is collinear with the axis of the edge screw hole of the glenoid base, and the diameter of the first screw hole is larger than the diameter of the edge screw hole.

6. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filling part has a central positioning notch that matches the outer wall of the column of the shoulder base, and an edge positioning notch that matches the edges of the remaining edge threaded holes.

7. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the When the filling part completely covers the bone contact spherical surface, the outline cross-section of the filling part is a circular structure, and at least a second screw hole is provided on the filling part. The axis of the second screw hole is collinear with the axis of the edge screw hole of the glenoid base, and the diameter of the second screw hole is larger than the diameter of the edge screw hole. A central hole is provided at the center of the filling part for the column of the shoulder base to pass through.

8. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bone contact spherical side of the glenoid base is provided with a porous coating, and the surface roughness of the porous coating is not less than Rz100μm.

9. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the convex spherical surface is 30mm~80mm, and the outer circumference of the shoulder joint implant is 20mm~32mm.

10. The shoulder joint implant for glenoid defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shoulder base has a column at its center, and a central screw hole is provided inside the column. The proximal end of the central screw hole is cylindrical, and the distal end is conical.

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