A membrane separation and purification device for wastewater in the production of sinomenine hydrochloride separation and concentration membrane

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of membrane separation purification devices for wastewater membrane separation and concentration of sinomenine hydrochloride, it is related to membrane separation wastewater treatment technical field, including pressure regulating component, integrated in the bubble making component of pressure regulating component top, membrane column component is set to bubble making component upper, and corresponding installation is separated from liquid component in the upper and lower end of membrane column component, pressure regulating component includes shell;First plate body, second plate body are respectively arranged in shell inner portion, second plate body separates shell inner cavity into lower buffer cavity and upper part pressure-equalizing water distribution cavity, and installation port is arranged in the top of shell;Bubble making component includes first flange;First flange is coaxially installed on the upper side of installation port;Through the cooperative matching of pressure regulating component, bubble making component, membrane column component and separation liquid component, effectively improve the problems, such as the quick membrane surface pollution of conventional crossflow membrane device, the large bias flow of multiple column parallel, the poor end sealing anti-interference and easy liquid leakage, and the response lag of electric control adjustment system, the easy attenuation failure of element under corrosion condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of membrane separation wastewater treatment technology, specifically to a membrane separation and purification device for wastewater produced by hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane. Background Technology

[0002] The membrane separation and purification device for wastewater from the production of sinomenine hydrochloride is the core process equipment for the treatment of wastewater and the recovery of effective components in the production of sinomenine hydrochloride. It is a key unit that determines the effluent quality standards, alkaloid recovery efficiency, system operation stability, and production line processing costs.

[0003] Existing wastewater membrane separation and purification devices for the production of sinomenine hydrochloride typically employ conventional cross-flow ceramic membrane filtration, online air-water backwashing, and electrically controlled valve-controlled multi-column parallel systems. Conventional cross-flow membrane filtration relies on the shear force of the transverse water flow to remove contaminants from the membrane surface. Online air-water backwashing relies on the impact of compressed air and reverse water flow to restore membrane flux. Electrically controlled valve-controlled multi-column parallel systems rely on flow sensors and regulating valves to form a closed-loop flow distribution system. However, under conditions of frequent wastewater quality fluctuations, high viscosity of alkaloid colloids, and uneven distribution of membrane fouling, these technologies have the following limitations: conventional cross-flow membrane filtration has weak active cleaning, insufficient shear force when facing highly viscous alkaloid colloids and dense fouling layers, and rapid membrane flux decay; the air-water backwashing intensity is... Factory-preset fixed values ​​make it difficult to balance cleaning effectiveness and membrane wear under different pollution conditions, and pipeline transmission has response delays, with cleaning actions lagging behind changes in membrane fouling; the multi-column parallel control of electrically controlled valves relies on multi-stage closed-loop control, resulting in lag in flow regulation response, and corrosive media and pressure fluctuations can accelerate the performance degradation of sensors, regulating valves, and electrical interfaces; the elastic buffer element has weak overload resistance and insufficient pressure regulation stability under fluctuating operating conditions; dead flow zones are easily formed at the connection between the concentrate outlet and the inner cavity, where solid particles easily accumulate; the membrane end seal has poor disturbance resistance and is prone to loosening under pressure fluctuations and vibrations, which can easily cause raw water to enter the permeate side; the membrane module adopts an integrated encapsulation structure, and the failure of a single membrane tube requires complete disassembly and replacement, resulting in a large amount of maintenance work. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the weak active cleaning effect and rapid membrane flux decay of conventional cross-flow membrane filtration, the uneven flow distribution and easy formation of bias flow and bias contamination in the operation of multiple columns in parallel, and the weak overload resistance of elastic buffer elements and the easy formation of flow dead zones at the concentrate outlet.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane, comprising a pressure regulating component, a foaming component integrated on the top of the pressure regulating component, a membrane column component disposed above the foaming component, and a separation outlet component correspondingly installed at the upper and lower ends of the membrane column component, characterized in that: The voltage regulating assembly includes a housing; The shell is provided with a first plate and a second plate. The second plate divides the inner cavity of the shell into a lower buffer cavity and an upper pressure equalization water distribution cavity. The top of the shell is provided with an installation port. The foam-making assembly includes a first flange; The first flange is coaxially mounted above the mounting port, and a diaphragm is clamped and fixed between the first flange and the mounting port. The first flange has an integrated Venturi bubble-making structure inside. The membrane column assembly includes a cylindrical body, and blades are provided on the inner wall of the cylindrical body; The separation liquid assembly includes a membrane tube, two sealing heads, a first end cap, and a second end cap; The second end cap has multiple tangential holes in its annular region.

[0006] Preferably, the housing has a liquid inlet located at the lower part of one end cap, the second plate is horizontally fixed inside the housing and has evenly distributed flow equalization holes, the diaphragm is an annular fluororubber structure with a thickened sealing edge on the outer edge, a flow passage hole in the center, and an elastic deformation zone in the central annular area.

[0007] Preferably, the Venturi foaming structure includes a tapered section, a throat, and a diffusing section connected coaxially in sequence. An aeration ring is embedded in the wall of the throat, and an annular air chamber is correspondingly provided on the outer side of the aeration ring. A connector communicating with the air chamber is provided on the side wall of the first flange.

[0008] Preferably, the tangential holes are evenly distributed around the circumference of the annular area in the middle of the second end cover, the water outlet direction of each tangential hole is tangential to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the whole is inclined upward, with the rotation direction consistent with the blade rotation direction.

[0009] Preferably, the cylinder is a micro-conical structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with third end caps. The blades are evenly arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the cylinder, and the radial width of the blades narrows along the cone diameter. The inner edge maintains a uniform gap with the outer wall of the membrane tube.

[0010] Preferably, the blade's frontal surface is machined with a groove parallel to the helical direction, and the blade's backal surface is machined with a blind-hole micro-pore array. The groove is a semi-circular micro-groove, and the micro-pores are evenly spaced along the backal surface.

[0011] Preferably, the central hole of the sealing head is interference-fitted with the end of the membrane tube, and the outer ring step of the sealing head matches the size of the blind groove of the first end cap and the second end cap. When the first end cap is fastened to the third end cap at the upper end of the cylinder and the second end cap is fastened to the third end cap at the lower end of the cylinder, the two sealing heads are axially pressed by the bottom surface of the blind groove of the first end cap and the bottom surface of the blind groove of the second end cap, respectively. Under the action of axial pressing force, the sealing heads hold the two ends of the membrane tube tightly, forming a double seal of radial and end face.

[0012] Preferably, the first end cap has a first liquid outlet on its side wall, a second liquid outlet at the center of its top surface, and an exhaust valve at the eccentric position of its top surface. The first liquid outlet is arranged in the clockwise direction and its inner side smoothly transitions to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a water collection pipe is coaxially inserted inside the membrane tube, the lower end of the water collection pipe is suspended and rounded, the upper end of the water collection pipe is coaxially welded and sealed to the second liquid outlet, and an annular water production channel is formed between the outer wall of the water collection pipe and the inner wall of the membrane tube.

[0014] Preferably, the voltage regulating component further includes a bracket, and two sets of brackets are arranged symmetrically below the housing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, the coordinated operation of the pressure regulating component, the foaming component, the membrane column component and the separation liquid component effectively improves the problems of rapid membrane fouling, large flow deviation in parallel multi-column systems, poor end sealing resistance and easy liquid cross-contamination in conventional cross-flow membrane devices, as well as the sluggish response of the electronic control system and the easy attenuation and failure of components under corrosive conditions. In the pressure regulating assembly, the first plate and the second plate form a two-stage buffer flow equalization structure, which weakens the disturbance of the inlet jet and equalizes the inlet pressure of each installation port; the diaphragm automatically deforms to adjust the flow area based on the pressure difference inside and outside the membrane column, converting the membrane resistance change into flow self-regulation, realizing single column pressure self-balancing, and providing stable water distribution conditions for multiple columns in parallel; the shared shell integrates multiple water inlet passages, reducing external pipeline connection points and the footprint of the compression device; In the foaming component, the Venturi structure formed by the converging section, throat and expanding section generates cavitation microbubbles based on the change of flow velocity. The aeration ring replenishes air evenly along the circumference to stabilize the bubble density. After the bubbles are generated, they directly enter the lower water inlet area, shortening the transmission path to reduce midway collapse loss. The first flange integrates foaming and connection sealing functions, simplifying the assembly level and improving the structural compactness. In the membrane column assembly, multiple tangential holes are evenly distributed in annularly to drive water inlet and form a stable swirling flow, weakening unilateral flow deviation and reducing blind spots in membrane cleaning; the conical cylinder, together with the helical blades, forms a convergent flow channel along the flow path, compensating for the natural attenuation of the swirling flow and ensuring relatively balanced shear strength across the entire membrane surface; the tank enhances bubble nucleation on the upstream side to improve the cleaning effect, and the micropores generate micro-jet streams based on pressure fluctuations to achieve self-cleaning of the blades, avoiding fouling on the back side that interferes with the flow field; In the separation liquid assembly, the sealing head relies on a stepped structure to form a dual seal of radial clamping and end face pressing, reducing the risk of cross-contamination under pressure fluctuations and vibrations; the first liquid outlet is arranged in a clockwise direction to reduce material accumulation at the outlet, and the vent valve is eccentrically arranged to facilitate venting within the cavity; the water collection pipe and the inner wall of the membrane tube form an annular permeate channel to ensure stable permeate discharge; the end caps at both ends are detachable, allowing for independent disassembly and maintenance of a single membrane column in case of failure, reducing maintenance workload, improving operational stability under complex water quality conditions, and extending the continuous operation cycle of the membrane assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the membrane column assembly and the separated liquid assembly in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the voltage regulating component in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting positions of the second plate, mounting port, and diaphragm in this invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the foaming component in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the throat, aeration ring, and air chamber in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the membrane column assembly in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the cylinder, end cap, and blades in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the liquid separation component in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the second end cap and the tangential hole in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 100, pressure regulating component; 101, shell; 102, bracket; 103, liquid inlet; 104, first plate; 105, second plate; 106, mounting port; 107, diaphragm; 200, foaming component; 201, first flange; 202, tapering section; 203, throat; 204, aeration ring; 205, air chamber; 206, expanding section; 207, connector; 300, membrane column assembly; 301, cylinder; 302, third end cap; 303, blade; 304, tank; 305, micropore; 400, separation and discharge component; 401, membrane tube; 402, sealing head; 403, water collection pipe; 404, first end cap; 405, first outlet; 406, exhaust valve; 407, second outlet; 408, second end cap; 409, tangential hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1-2 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the separation and concentration of sinomenine hydrochloride, including a pressure regulating component 100, a foaming component 200 integrated on the top of the pressure regulating component 100, a membrane column component 300 disposed above the foaming component 200, and a separation effluent component 400 correspondingly installed at the upper and lower ends of the membrane column component 300. The whole device adopts a parallel layout of a horizontal pressure regulating chamber and multiple vertical membrane columns. The bottom horizontal pressure regulating chamber completes the influent buffering and equalization of pressure and passive pressure regulation of a single column. The middle foaming structure generates cavitation microbubbles in situ. The upper conical membrane column completes cyclone filtration and membrane surface self-cleaning. The top integrates the effluent and exhaust structure. This device relies on the hydrodynamic structure to achieve multi-column self-balancing and online self-cleaning. It is suitable for the treatment conditions of large fluctuations in the water quality of sinomenine hydrochloride production wastewater and strong colloid viscosity of alkaloids. It helps to reduce the membrane fouling rate, improve the stability of multi-column parallel operation, and reduce the failure risk of electrical control components under corrosive conditions.

[0020] like Figures 3-4As shown, the pressure regulating assembly 100 includes a housing 101, which is formed by rolling and welding 304 stainless steel and is a horizontal cylindrical pressure vessel structure. Elliptical heads are welded to both ends, and the whole assembly is arranged along the horizontal axis. A liquid inlet 103 is provided at the lower part of one end of the housing 101. The liquid inlet 103 is a flange-type interface, and its center height is lower than the installation height of the second plate 105 inside, so that the water can completely enter the lower buffer chamber. A first plate 104 is provided at the lower part of the interior of the housing 101. The first plate 104 is an arc-shaped plate structure with the arc surface facing the inside of the liquid inlet 103. Both sides are welded and fixed to the inner wall of the head to counteract the kinetic energy of the water jet and avoid local eddy current disturbance.

[0021] A second plate 105 is horizontally fixed in the upper middle part of the shell 101. The second plate 105 is a circular stainless steel plate with evenly distributed flow equalization holes. The edges of the second plate 105 are fully welded to the inner wall of the shell 101, dividing the inner cavity of the shell 101 into a lower buffer chamber and an upper pressure equalization water distribution chamber. After the water is dissipated in the lower buffer chamber, it slowly passes through the perforated plate and enters the upper pressure equalization water distribution chamber, so as to achieve a uniform distribution of the pressure at each outlet.

[0022] The top of the housing 101 has multiple mounting ports 106 evenly distributed along the axial direction. Each mounting port 106 has an external flange welded to its outer edge for connecting to the foaming component 200. Each mounting port 106 has a diaphragm 107 sandwiched on its flange surface. The diaphragm 107 is an annular fluororubber integral molding structure with a thickened sealing edge on the outer edge, embedded in the flange sealing groove. It has a flow passage in the center and an elastic deformation zone in the central annular area, which can generate axial deformation under the action of the upper and lower pressure difference to change the central flow area.

[0023] Two sets of brackets 102 are symmetrically arranged below the housing 101. Each set of brackets 102 is welded together with a saddle plate, vertical reinforcing ribs and bottom foot plate. The saddle plate fits against the lower surface of the housing 101 with a wrap angle of 120° to 150° to form a surface contact bearing. The bottom foot plate has an elongated hole to facilitate fine-tuning of the fixing position during on-site installation.

[0024] like Figures 5-6 As shown, the foaming component 200 is correspondingly disposed above each mounting port 106, including a first flange 201; the first flange 201 is an annular stainless steel flange, the outer diameter of which matches the flange of the mounting port 106, and is fastened to the flange of the mounting port 106 by bolts, clamping and fixing the outer edge of the diaphragm 107 between the two; the inner ring of the first flange 201 has an integrally protruding downward limit stop, which is directly opposite the elastic deformation zone of the diaphragm 107, used to limit the maximum deformation of the diaphragm 107 and avoid overpressure deformation.

[0025] The first flange 201 integrates a Venturi bubble-making structure, including a tapered section 202, a throat 203, and a diffusing section 206 connected coaxially in sequence. The tapered section 202 is located at the bottom, with its inlet diameter corresponding to the central flow hole of the diaphragm 107, gradually narrowing upwards. The throat 203 is the straight pipe section with the smallest diameter, and an annular groove is formed on the pipe wall, in which an aeration ring 204 is embedded. The aeration ring 204 is made of porous ceramic material, and its inner ring is flush with the inner wall of the throat 203. An annular air chamber 205 is formed on the outer side of the throat 203 corresponding to the groove position. A connector 207 is welded to the side wall of the first flange 201. The inner end of the connector 207 is connected to the air chamber 205, and the outer end is connected to a compressed air pipeline. The diffusing section 206 is located above the throat 203, with its diameter gradually increasing upwards, and its outlet is directly opposite the water inlet area of ​​the second end cap 408 above.

[0026] When water flows through the Venturi structure, the flow velocity increases and the pressure decreases at the throat 203, causing dissolved gases in the water to precipitate and form cavitation microbubbles. External compressed air is supplied evenly to the low-pressure area of ​​the throat 203 through the aeration ring 204 to adjust the bubble generation density and adapt to different concentrations of liquid.

[0027] like Figures 7-8 As shown, the membrane column assembly 300 is correspondingly arranged above each group of foaming assembly 200, including a cylinder 301. The cylinder 301 is a micro-conical stainless steel cylinder with a smaller top and a larger bottom, and the inner wall is electrolytically polished. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 301 are respectively welded with a third end cap 302. The third end cap 302 is a circular connecting flange with bolt holes evenly distributed along the circumference and a sealing groove processed on the end face.

[0028] Multiple blades 303 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the cylinder 301. The blades 303 are continuous spiral ribbon structures that extend axially from the lower end to the upper end of the cylinder 301 and form a certain angle with the axis of the cylinder 301. The outer edge of the blades 303 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the cylinder 301. The radial width narrows along the cone diameter of the cylinder 301. The inner edge maintains a uniform gap with the outer wall of the inner membrane tube 401.

[0029] like Figure 9 As shown, the front surface of the blade 303 is machined with a groove 304, which is a semi-circular microgroove parallel to the spiral direction and is continuously arranged along the length of the blade 303 to enhance the nucleation effect of cavitation bubbles and increase the bubble density near the film surface; the back surface of the blade 303 is machined with an array of blind hole type micropores 305, which are evenly spaced along the back surface and form micro-jet under the pressure fluctuation of the flow field to flush away the scale on the back of the blade 303 and maintain the flow channel unobstructed.

[0030] like Figures 10-11As shown, the liquid separation assembly 400 includes a membrane tube 401, two sealing heads 402, a water collection pipe 403, a first end cap 404, and a second end cap 408. The membrane tube 401 is a single-channel straight tube type porous ceramic membrane, which is coaxially suspended on the central axis of the cylinder 301, and its two ends are fixed between the upper and lower end caps through the sealing heads 402 respectively.

[0031] Two sealing heads 402 are respectively embedded in the corresponding blind grooves of the first end cap 404 and the second end cap 408. The sealing head 402 is an acid-resistant silicone rubber sleeve with a stepped cross section. The central hole of the sealing head 402 is interference-fitted with the end of the membrane tube 401, and the outer wall of the membrane tube 401 is tightened by the elasticity of the rubber to form a radial seal. The outer ring step matches the dimensions of the blind grooves of the first end cap 404 and the second end cap 408. When the first end cap 404 is fastened to the third end cap 302 at the upper end of the cylinder 301 and the second end cap 408 is fastened to the third end cap 302 at the lower end of the cylinder 301, the two sealing heads 402 are axially pressed by the bottom of the corresponding blind grooves, and at the same time, end face seals are formed, constituting a radial and end face double sealing structure.

[0032] The second end cover 408 is an annular cover plate structure, sandwiched between the first flange 201 and the third end cover 302 at the lower end of the cylinder 301; the middle annular area of ​​the second end cover 408 has multiple tangential holes 409, which are evenly distributed along the circumference. The water outlet direction of each hole is tangential to the inner wall of the cylinder 301, and the whole is inclined upward, with the rotation direction consistent with the rotation direction of the blade 303; the water flows tangentially into the bottom of the cylinder 301 through the tangential holes 409, forming a stable spiral upward flow.

[0033] The first end cap 404 is sealed above the third end cap 302 at the upper end of the cylinder 301. The first end cap 404 has a first liquid outlet 405 on its side wall. The first liquid outlet 405 is arranged in the clockwise direction and its inner side smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the cylinder 301. It is used to discharge the concentrate. The first end cap 404 has a second liquid outlet 407 at the center of its top surface. An exhaust valve 406 is provided at the eccentric position of the top surface. The exhaust valve 406 is located directly above the internal annular concentrate chamber and is used to discharge the air inside the cylinder when the machine is turned on.

[0034] A water collection pipe 403 is coaxially inserted inside the membrane tube 401. The water collection pipe 403 is a thin-walled stainless steel round tube with its lower end suspended and its end rounded and blunted. Its upper end is coaxially welded and sealed to the second outlet 407. An annular permeate channel is formed between the outer wall of the water collection pipe 403 and the inner wall of the membrane tube 401. The permeate that permeates through the membrane wall flows into this channel and is then discharged upward through the second outlet 407.

[0035] The assembly sequence in this embodiment is as follows: First, the first plate 104 is welded to the corresponding position inside the housing 101. Then, the second plate 105 is horizontally welded and fixed to the inner wall of the housing 101, completing the internal structure of the pressure regulating chamber. The liquid inlet 103 is welded to the corresponding position of the end cap. External flanges of each mounting port 106 are welded to the top of the housing 101. The two sets of brackets 102 are welded to the corresponding positions at the bottom of the housing 101, completing the assembly of the pressure regulating assembly 100.

[0036] The aeration ring 204 is embedded in the groove of the throat 203. The Venturi flow channel and the air chamber 205 are machined in the first flange 201. The connector 207 is welded to the corresponding position on the side wall of the first flange 201 to complete the processing of the foaming component 200. The diaphragm 107 is placed in the sealing groove of the flange of the mounting port 106. The first flange 201 is aligned with the mounting port 106 and fastened with bolts to complete the connection between the foaming component 200 and the pressure regulating component 100.

[0037] Weld the blades 303 to the corresponding positions on the inner wall of the cylinder 301, and weld the third end caps 302 to both ends of the cylinder 301 to complete the processing of the membrane column assembly 300. Machining tangential holes 409 on the second end cap 408, embedding the sealing head 402 into the blind grooves of the first end cap 404 and the second end cap 408 respectively, and welding the upper end of the water collection pipe 403 to the inner side of the second liquid outlet 407 to complete the pre-assembly of the separation liquid outlet assembly 400.

[0038] Align the second end cap 408 above the first flange 201, insert the lower end of the membrane tube 401 into the center hole of the lower sealing head 402, then align the third end cap 302 at the lower end of the cylinder 301 with the second end cap 408 and tighten it with bolts; insert the upper end of the membrane tube 401 into the center hole of the upper sealing head 402, align the first end cap 404 with the third end cap 302 at the upper end of the cylinder 301 and tighten it with bolts to complete the assembly of a single membrane column; complete the assembly of the remaining membrane columns in the same steps, and finally install the exhaust valve 406 on the top surface of each first end cap 404 to complete the assembly of the whole machine.

[0039] The working process of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the exhaust valve 406 is in the open state. The wastewater to be treated enters the lower buffer chamber of the shell 101 from the inlet 103. After being dissipated by the first plate 104, it slowly passes through the second plate 105 and enters the upper pressure equalization and water distribution chamber, and is evenly distributed to each installation port 106. The water flows through the central flow hole of the diaphragm 107 and enters the Venturi structure. After being accelerated by the tapered section 202, a low pressure is formed at the throat 203, generating cavitation microbubbles. Subsequently, after being decelerated and pressurized by the expanding section 206, it is tangentially injected into the bottom of the cylinder 301 through the tangential holes 409 of the second end cover 408.

[0040] The tangential water inlet forms a spiral upward flow under the guidance of the blades 303. Under the action of centrifugal force, solid impurities and colloids are thrown towards the inner wall of the cylinder 301 and move upward with the water flow. The air rises with the water flow to the top of the cylinder 301 and is discharged from the open exhaust valve 406. After the air in the cylinder is exhausted, the exhaust valve 406 is closed, and the equipment enters normal filtration mode.

[0041] During normal operation, raw water enters the inner side of the membrane through the micropores on the side wall of the membrane tube 401 under pressure. Water molecules and small molecules converge into the annular channel between the water collection pipe 403 and the inner wall of the membrane tube 401, and are discharged upward through the second outlet 407, thus completing the purification. The trapped pollutants flow upward with the spiral concentrate and are discharged from the device through the first outlet 405.

[0042] During this process, the microbubbles generated by the Venturi rise with the swirling flow and accumulate on the surface of the central membrane tube 401 under the action of centrifugal force. The microjet generated by the collapse of the bubbles continuously washes the membrane surface, peeling off the attached pollutant layer and achieving online self-cleaning. The groove 304 on the front side of the blade 303 enhances bubble nucleation and improves the cleaning effect. The micropores 305 on the back side form microjet under pressure fluctuations, preventing scale buildup on the back of the blade 303.

[0043] When the fouling of the membrane surface of a certain membrane column worsens and the membrane resistance increases, the pressure inside the membrane column rises accordingly, the pressure difference across the diaphragm 107 decreases, the elastic deformation zone of the diaphragm 107 rebounds and flattens downwards, the central flow area increases, the influent flow rate of the column increases accordingly, the membrane surface scouring intensity increases, and the membrane resistance decreases. After the membrane resistance decreases, the pressure inside the column drops, the pressure difference across the diaphragm increases, the diaphragm arches upwards, the flow area decreases, and the flow rate returns to normal. This achieves passive self-balancing of pressure and flow rate in a single column, ensuring the consistency of operating conditions for multiple membrane columns operating in parallel.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid senna-containing concentrate, comprising a pressure regulating component (100), a foaming component (200) integrated on the top of the pressure regulating component (100), a membrane column assembly (300) disposed above the foaming component (200), and separation outlet components (400) correspondingly installed at the upper and lower ends of the membrane column assembly (300), characterized in that: The voltage regulating assembly (100) includes a housing (101); The housing (101) is provided with a first plate (104) and a second plate (105) inside. The second plate (105) divides the inner cavity of the housing (101) into a lower buffer cavity and an upper pressure equalization water distribution cavity. The top of the housing (101) is provided with an installation port (106). The foaming assembly (200) includes a first flange (201); The first flange (201) is coaxially mounted above the mounting port (106), and a diaphragm (107) is clamped and fixed between the first flange (201) and the mounting port (106). The first flange (201) has an integrated Venturi bubble-making structure inside. The membrane column assembly (300) includes a cylindrical body (301), and the inner wall of the cylindrical body (301) is provided with blades (303). The separation liquid assembly (400) includes a membrane tube (401), two sealing heads (402), a first end cap (404), and a second end cap (408). The second end cap (408) has multiple tangential holes (409) in its annular region.

2. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (101) has a liquid inlet (103) at the lower part of one end cap. The second plate (105) is horizontally fixed inside the housing (101) and has flow equalization holes evenly distributed on the second plate (105). The diaphragm (107) is an annular fluororubber structure with a thickened sealing edge on the outer edge, a flow passage hole in the center, and an elastic deformation zone in the central annular area.

3. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Venturi foaming structure includes a tapered section (202), a throat (203), and a expanding section (206) connected coaxially in sequence. An aeration ring (204) is embedded in the wall of the throat (203). An annular air chamber (205) is provided on the outer side of the aeration ring (204). A connector (207) communicating with the air chamber (205) is provided on the side wall of the first flange (201).

4. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tangential holes (409) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the annular area in the middle of the second end cap (408). The water outlet direction of each tangential hole (409) is tangential to the inner wall of the cylinder (301), and the whole is inclined upward. The rotation direction is consistent with the rotation direction of the blade (303).

5. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (301) is a micro-conical structure with a smaller top and a larger bottom. The upper and lower ends of the cylinder (301) are respectively provided with third end caps (302). The blades (303) are evenly arranged along the inner wall of the cylinder (301), and the radial width of the blades (303) narrows along the cone diameter. The inner edge maintains a uniform gap with the outer wall of the membrane tube (401).

6. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (303) has a groove (304) parallel to the spiral direction on the front side, and a blind hole micro-hole (305) array on the back side. The groove (304) is a semi-circular micro-groove, and the micro-holes (305) are evenly spaced along the back side.

7. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central hole of the sealing head (402) is interference-fitted with the end of the membrane tube (401), and the outer ring step of the sealing head (402) matches the blind groove size of the first end cap (404) and the second end cap (408). When the first end cap (404) is fastened to the third end cap (302) at the upper end of the cylinder (301) and the second end cap (408) is fastened to the third end cap (302) at the lower end of the cylinder (301), the two sealing heads (402) are axially pressed by the bottom surface of the blind groove of the first end cap (404) and the bottom surface of the blind groove of the second end cap (408), respectively. Under the action of axial pressing force, the sealing head (402) holds the two ends of the membrane tube (401).

8. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first end cap (404) has a first liquid outlet (405) on its side wall, a second liquid outlet (407) at the center of its top surface, and an exhaust valve (406) at the eccentric part of its top surface. The first liquid outlet (405) is arranged in the clockwise direction and its inner side smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the cylinder (301).

9. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 8, characterized in that: A water collection pipe (403) is coaxially inserted inside the membrane tube (401). The lower end of the water collection pipe (403) is suspended and rounded. The upper end of the water collection pipe (403) is coaxially welded and sealed with the second liquid outlet (407). An annular water production channel is formed between the outer wall of the water collection pipe (403) and the inner wall of the membrane tube (401).

10. The wastewater membrane separation and purification device for the production of hydrochloric acid sinomenine separation and concentration membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulating component (100) also includes a bracket (102), which is provided in two sets and symmetrically arranged below the housing (101).

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