Efficient and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis to produce ammonia

Abstract

The present application relates to industrial waste gas treatment and environmental protection denitration equipment technical field, specifically is related to a kind of high-efficiency energy-saving ammonia air mixer based on urea hydrolysis ammonia, the equipment includes mixing tank body, center ammonia guide pipe and wind pressure self-adapting adjustment component.Mixing tank body is made of heat conduction inner cylinder and heat preservation outer cylinder Annular preheating chamber, utilize high-temperature ammonia gas to preheat inner cavity, prevent cold and hot airflow intersection and produce phase change crystallization and lead to flow passage blockage.Wind pressure self-adapting adjustment component is located in heat conduction inner cylinder, including axially slidable blade support cylinder, rotating blade and motion conversion component.When incoming flow wind pressure fluctuation, wind power drives blade support cylinder to produce axial displacement, motion conversion component converts the displacement into the synchronous deflection of each rotating blade.The present application realizes the pure mechanical type self-dynamic regulation and control of the flow passage cross-sectional area with wind pressure variation, without external electric control, to reduce system wind resistance and improve mixing uniformity, energy saving and consumption reduction is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial waste gas treatment and environmental denitrification equipment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis to produce ammonia. Background Technology

[0002] In the SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) denitrification process for industrial waste gas treatment in thermal power plants and other industrial facilities, ammonia gas produced by urea hydrolysis is used as a reducing agent. It needs to be uniformly mixed with a large amount of dilution air (usually cold air) in an ammonia-air mixer before being diluted to a safe concentration standard and then delivered to the downstream denitrification reactor. However, existing ammonia-air mixing equipment still has the following significant drawbacks under complex actual operating conditions: First, the high-temperature ammonia produced by the high-temperature hydrolysis of urea inevitably contains water vapor and carbon dioxide. Most existing ammonia-air mixers use a single-layer tank structure or a simple, directly connected junction pipe. This traditional structure lacks temperature control within the internal chamber, causing the high-temperature gaseous ammonia to directly collide and mix with a large amount of cold dilution air upon introduction. The significant temperature difference between the two causes localized rapid cooling of the high-temperature airflow during mixing, easily triggering a phase change and precipitating highly adhesive solid crystals (such as ammonium bicarbonate salt crystals) on the cold walls of the chamber. With the long-term accumulation of these crystals, not only is the internal airflow channel severely compressed, leading to a surge in fluid resistance, but it also causes frequent equipment blockages, significantly shortening the maintenance-free cycle of the denitrification system.

[0003] Secondly, in actual denitrification operations, the dilution air volume and pressure introduced into the mixer often fluctuate uncontrollably due to the operating status of the front-end fan or the scheduling of the pipeline network. Currently, mainstream mixers typically use a fixed-size flow cross-section or a static fixed baffle. This rigid structure, lacking dynamic response capability, cannot adapt to changes in air conditions: when the air volume is small, the airflow velocity is low, failing to form strong turbulent disturbances with the ammonia, resulting in substandard mixing uniformity; when the air volume and pressure increase sharply, the fixed airflow cross-section becomes an airflow bottleneck, causing a sharp increase in local system wind resistance and unnecessarily increasing equipment energy consumption. Although some systems attempt to control the air intake through complex external electronic control valves, this not only increases additional power consumption and system complexity, but also makes the electronic control components prone to failure in harsh denitrification environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an energy-saving ammonia-air mixer that can autonomously adjust the air intake cross-sectional area according to changes in wind pressure without external energy intervention. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis to address the existing technical problems.

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, the technical solution adopted in this invention is: a high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production, comprising: The mixing tank includes a heat-conducting inner cylinder and an insulated outer cylinder arranged coaxially, forming an annular preheating cavity between them. The heat-conducting inner cylinder is provided with an inlet pipe for injecting ammonia gas into the annular preheating cavity. The inner cavity of the heat-conducting inner cylinder is divided into a dilution air section, an ammonia gas section and a mixing section along its axial direction. The two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder are respectively connected to a dilution air input pipe and a mixed gas output pipe. A central ammonia conduit is coaxially disposed within the heat-conducting inner cylinder and spans the mixing section. One end of the central ammonia conduit is connected to the annular preheating chamber, and the other end is located within the ammonia section, forming a baffled injection end that sprays ammonia gas towards the mixing section; and... An adaptive wind pressure adjustment component is disposed within the dilution air section, and the adaptive wind pressure adjustment component includes: A central guide shaft is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder and fixedly connected to the end of the mixing tank. An elastic reset element is provided on the central guide shaft. The blade support cylinder is slidably connected to the central guide shaft along the flow direction of the dilution air; Several rotating blades are pivotally connected in a circular array within the blade support cylinder; A fixed guide cylinder is fixedly sleeved outside the blade support cylinder and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting inner cylinder; and A motion conversion component is disposed on the blade support cylinder and is connected to several rotating blades via a transmission. The motion conversion component is configured to convert the axial displacement of the blade support cylinder caused by wind pressure to overcome the elastic reset member, and rely on the guiding cooperation with the fixed guide cylinder to convert it into synchronous deflection motion of each of the rotating blades to change the ventilation cross-sectional area.

[0006] Furthermore, the blade support cylinder includes an outer sleeve and a axial sliding sleeve. The outer sleeve is located within the dilution air section and is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder. The central guide shaft coaxially passes through the outer sleeve. The axial sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved on the central guide shaft through a linear bearing. The axial sliding sleeve is connected to the outer sleeve through a plurality of spokes arranged in a circumferential array. Each rotating blade is rotatably disposed between the outer sleeve and the axial sliding sleeve through a rotating shaft.

[0007] Furthermore, the motion conversion assembly includes a drive ring and several crank swing mechanisms. The drive ring is coaxially rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve. Several crank swing mechanisms are disposed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and correspond one-to-one with the rotating blades. Each crank swing mechanism includes a crank rod and a drive pin. One end of each shaft passes through the outer sleeve. One end of the crank rod is fixedly connected to the protruding end of the corresponding shaft. The other end of the crank rod extends toward the drive ring. The drive pin is fixedly connected to the drive ring, and the axial direction of the drive pin extends radially along the outer sleeve. A strip-shaped through groove is formed on the crank rod along its length direction for the drive pin to pass through and slide with it.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixed guide cylinder is fitted to the inner wall of the heat-conducting inner cylinder, and the fixed guide cylinder is sleeved outside the drive ring. The fixed guide cylinder has a plurality of guide slots corresponding one-to-one with the drive pins. Each guide slot is divided into a straight slot section and an inclined slot section connected end to end. Each drive pin passes into the corresponding guide slot and can slide and cooperate with the straight slot section and the inclined slot section in sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, two sealing rings are coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and spaced apart along its axial direction. The motion conversion component is located between the two sealing rings. Each sealing ring extends radially toward the fixed guide cylinder along the outer sleeve, and a guide ring that fits against the inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder is fixed on the outer edge of each sealing ring. A plurality of guide rods arranged in a circumferential array are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder. The axial direction of each guide rod is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed guide cylinder. A plurality of sealing sleeves are fixed on one of the sealing rings, and each sealing sleeve slides in cooperation with the corresponding guide rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic reset component is a helical spring sleeved on the central guide shaft, and the helical spring is located at the end of the axial sleeve away from the dilution air inlet pipe. A columnar protective cover is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the central guide shaft, covering the helical spring. A fixing ring is coaxially provided at one end of the protective cover away from the axial sleeve and fixed to the outer wall of the central guide shaft. The other end of the protective cover is an opening structure for the axial sleeve to be inserted. The two ends of the helical spring abut against the axial sleeve and the fixing ring, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, both ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder and the heat-insulating outer cylinder are open structures. Two annular sealing plates are fixedly provided between the heat-conducting inner cylinder and the heat-insulating outer cylinder. The two annular sealing plates are respectively close to both ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder to seal the annular preheating cavity into a sealed cavity. The two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder are respectively coaxially fixedly provided with a first circular sealing plate and a second circular sealing plate to seal their end openings. The dilution air inlet pipe and the mixed gas outlet pipe are respectively fixedly provided on the first circular sealing plate and the second circular sealing plate. The central guide shaft is fixedly connected to the first circular sealing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the central ammonia conduit passes through and is fixedly connected to the second circular sealing plate. A connecting pipe is provided outside the second circular sealing plate to connect the central ammonia conduit with the annular preheating chamber. One end of the connecting pipe passes through the second circular sealing plate and the corresponding annular sealing plate in sequence and is connected to the annular preheating chamber, while the other end is fixedly connected to the central ammonia conduit.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide tube is provided with a plurality of gas outlet grooves arranged in a circumferential array. A semi-circular deflector shroud is coaxially formed on the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide tube to seal its port. The opening of the semi-circular deflector shroud faces the plurality of gas outlet grooves, and the plurality of gas outlet grooves are located inside the semi-circular deflector shroud. A slot is formed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the semi-circular deflector shroud, and one end of the central guide shaft is coaxially inserted into the slot.

[0014] Furthermore, the mixing section is provided with spiral guide vanes, which extend axially along the central ammonia pipe and are fixedly connected to its outer wall, so that the mixing section forms a spiral flow channel for fully mixing ammonia gas and dilution air.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are: This invention constructs an annular preheating chamber around the tank body using a heat-conducting inner cylinder and an insulated outer cylinder, combined with a central ammonia conduit reflux guide design. This utilizes the heat of the high-temperature ammonia gas itself to preheat and insulate the internal mixing chamber in all directions, eliminating the temperature barrier between the cold dilution air and the high-temperature gaseous ammonia. It also solves the problem of solid salt crystals precipitating due to localized rapid cooling phase change during mixing, eliminating the risk of flow channel blockage and reducing fluid resistance. Simultaneously, this invention incorporates an adaptive wind pressure adjustment component within the dilution air section. Without any external electrical control intervention or additional energy input, it relies entirely on the dilution air pressure to efficiently convert the axial linear sliding of the blade support cylinder into the synchronous deflection of several rotating blades. This achieves purely mechanical, autonomous, and dynamic control of the inlet airflow cross-sectional area according to fluctuations in the incoming air pressure. Under low airflow conditions, it maintains flow resistance to enhance the turbulent mixing effect; under high airflow conditions, it automatically expands the cross-section to release airflow bottlenecks and significantly reduce system wind resistance. This significantly improves the mixing uniformity, structural reliability, and energy-saving performance of the equipment under complex and fluctuating operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a planar sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of the area indicated by A1 in the diagram; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The enlarged view of the area indicated by A2 in the diagram; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blade support cylinder; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The enlarged view of the area indicated in A3; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The enlarged view shown in section A4; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wind pressure adaptive adjustment component; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The enlarged view shown in A5.

[0017] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Mixing tank; 2. Heat-conducting inner cylinder; 3. Insulating outer cylinder; 4. Annular preheating chamber; 5. Inlet pipe; 6. Dilution air section; 7. Ammonia section; 8. Mixing section; 9. Dilution air inlet pipe; 10. Mixed gas outlet pipe; 11. Central ammonia guide pipe; 12. Central guide shaft; 13. Blade support cylinder; 14. Rotating blade; 15. Fixed guide cylinder; 16. Outer sleeve; 17. Shaft sleeve; 18. Linear bearing; 19. Spoke; 20. Shaft; 21. Drive ring; 22. Curved... 23. Handle; 24. Drive pin; 25. Strip groove; 26. Guide groove; 27. Straight groove section; 28. Inclined groove section; 29. ​​Sealing retaining ring; 30. Guide ring; 31. Guide rod; 32. Sealing sleeve; 33. Helical spring; 34. Protective cover; 35. Fixing ring; 36. Annular sealing plate; 37. First circular sealing plate; 38. Second circular sealing plate; 39. Connecting pipe; 40. Air outlet groove; 41. Semi-circular baffle; 42. Slot; 43. Spiral guide vane; 44. Wind pressure adaptive adjustment assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] To meet the requirements for the safe dilution and uniform mixing of hazardous ammonia in denitrification processes at thermal power plants, etc., refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this invention provides a high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production. In terms of basic architecture, the mixer body includes a mixing tank 1, which comprises a coaxially arranged heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 and an insulated outer cylinder 3. This double-layer structure design forms an annular preheating chamber 4 between the two, which utilizes the heat from the high-temperature ammonia gas to preheat the chamber of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2, while simultaneously reducing heat loss from the outer surface of the equipment. Considering actual denitrification conditions, this preheating and insulation design is used to eliminate the temperature difference barrier of the fluid within the system. Specifically, it prevents the high-temperature gaseous ammonia (originating from the upstream high-temperature hydrolysis reaction) from undergoing a phase change due to localized rapid cooling during mixing with the externally introduced cold dilution air. This avoids the precipitation of solid crystals (such as ammonium bicarbonate and other salt crystals) of ammonia gas and its byproducts (such as carbon dioxide and water vapor) on the cold walls of the chamber. These solid crystals have strong adhesion and are extremely difficult to remove; long-term accumulation can lead to blockage of the internal flow channels and a surge in fluid resistance. Among them, the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 serves as the main gas convergence site. Its inner cavity is divided into a dilution air section 6, an ammonia section 7, and a mixing section 8 along its axial direction, thereby realizing the orderly regional processing of gas from introduction, convergence to deep fusion.

[0020] To achieve independent, sealed, and directional delivery of ammonia and dilution air, such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, both ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 3 are open structures. Two annular sealing plates 35 are fixedly installed between the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 and the heat-insulating outer cylinder 3. The two annular sealing plates 35 are respectively close to both ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 to seal the annular preheating cavity 4 into a sealed cavity to prevent high-temperature ammonia gas from leaking to the end. At the same time, the two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 are respectively coaxially fixed with a first circular sealing plate 36 and a second circular sealing plate 37 to seal the openings at their ends, in order to construct a fully enclosed internal mixing space. Furthermore, the two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 are respectively connected to a dilution air inlet pipe 9 and a mixed gas outlet pipe 10. Specifically, the dilution air inlet pipe 9 and the mixed gas outlet pipe 10 are respectively fixed on the first circular sealing plate 36 and the second circular sealing plate 37. The former is responsible for introducing a large flow of low-concentration air into the mixing tank 1, while the latter is responsible for discharging the mixed gas that has reached the safety concentration standard to the downstream injection pipeline network.

[0021] To address the issue of introducing and controlling the distribution of high-concentration ammonia gas, this device incorporates a highly efficient flow-guiding heat exchange path. Specifically, as follows... Figure 2 and Figure 4 as well as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 is equipped with an inlet pipe 5 for injecting ammonia gas into the annular preheating chamber 4, so that the initially high-temperature ammonia gas preferentially enters the annular preheating chamber 4. A central ammonia guide pipe 11 is coaxially arranged in the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2, spanning the mixing section 8. The function of the central ammonia guide pipe 11 is to reverse the flow of ammonia gas flowing axially in the annular preheating chamber 4 and guide it into the ammonia gas section 7 in front of the mixing section 8. In actual assembly, one end of the central ammonia guide pipe 11 passes through the second circular sealing plate 37 and is fixedly connected to it. A connecting pipe 38 is provided outside the second circular sealing plate 37 to connect the central ammonia guide pipe 11 and the annular preheating chamber 4. One end of the connecting pipe 38 passes through the second circular sealing plate 37 and the corresponding annular sealing plate 35 in sequence and is connected to the annular preheating chamber 4. The other end is fixedly connected to the central ammonia guide pipe 11, thus forming a complete return gas path. The inlet pipe 5 and the connecting pipe 38 are respectively close to the two ends of the mixing tank 1 so that the ammonia gas discharged into the annular preheating chamber 4 can have a sufficient preheating flow path. In terms of the ammonia emission structure, the other end of the central ammonia guide pipe 11 is located inside the ammonia section 7 and forms a deflector jet end that sprays ammonia towards the mixing section 8. Specifically, the outer wall of the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide pipe 11 is provided with several outlet grooves 39 arranged in a circular array to release ammonia radially in all directions. In addition, a semi-circular deflector 40 is coaxially formed on the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide pipe 11 to seal its port. The opening of the semi-circular deflector 40 faces the several outlet grooves 39, and the several outlet grooves 39 are located inside the semi-circular deflector 40. The semi-circular deflector 40 can effectively block the strong impact of the dilution wind on the front and guide the airflow to turn back around its edge, causing a violent disturbance and convergence with the ammonia sprayed from the outlet grooves 39.

[0022] As the dilution air and ammonia gas initially meet inside the cavity, in order to further prolong the contact time between the two and forcibly disperse the concentration distribution, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a spiral guide vane 42 is provided in the mixing section 8. The spiral guide vane 42 extends along the axial direction of the central ammonia pipe 11 and is fixed to its outer wall. Its core function is to make the mixing section 8 form a spiral flow channel for the ammonia gas and dilution air to be fully mixed, forcing the airflow to make a spiral tumbling motion with a long path, and completely eliminating dead zones with excessively high local concentrations.

[0023] In practical applications, the volume of the introduced dilution air often fluctuates uncontrollably. Therefore, this invention incorporates a wind pressure adaptive adjustment component 43 within the dilution air section 6, which automatically adjusts the air inlet cross-sectional area according to the wind force. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the basic stable frame of this component includes a central guide shaft 12, which is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2 and fixedly connected to the end of the mixing tank 1, specifically to the first circular sealing plate 36. It should be particularly noted that, considering that the central ammonia pipe 11 spans the entire mixing section 8 and has a large axial span, relying solely on a single point support at the tail end can easily lead to a cantilevered stress state, which is prone to flexural deformation or fluid vibration under the long-term alternating impact of the internal converging airflow. To address this, the present invention forms a slot 41 on the arc-shaped outer wall of the semi-circular baffle 40 and inserts the end of the central guide shaft 12 coaxially into the slot 41, providing a rigid limiting fulcrum for the suspended front end of the central ammonia pipe 11. This achieves stable double-end support for the long-span central ammonia pipe 11, significantly improving its structural stiffness and operational stability in complex flow field environments.

[0024] To achieve an adjustable frame that responds to wind pressure slippage, the wind pressure adaptive adjustment assembly 43 also includes a blade support cylinder 13 that is slidably connected to the central guide shaft 12 along the flow direction of the dilution wind. Specifically, as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown, the blade support cylinder 13 includes an outer sleeve 16 and a axial sliding sleeve 17. The outer sleeve 16 is located inside the dilution air section 6 and is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2. The central guide shaft 12 coaxially passes through the outer sleeve 16. The axial sliding sleeve 17 is slidably sleeved on the central guide shaft 12 through a linear bearing 18, which greatly reduces the sliding friction resistance. Furthermore, the axial sliding sleeve 17 is connected to the outer sleeve 16 through a number of spokes 19 arranged in a circular array, ensuring that the inner and outer ring structures are connected as a whole and slide synchronously. To provide a restoring force to the blade support cylinder 13 when the wind force decreases, an elastic restoring element is provided on the central guide shaft 12. This elastic restoring element is a helical spring 32 sleeved on the central guide shaft 12, and the helical spring 32 is located at the end of the axial sleeve 17 away from the dilution air inlet pipe 9. To prevent dust particles that may be carried in the gas from jamming the helical spring 32, a columnar protective cover 33 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the central guide shaft 12 to cover the helical spring 32. The end of the protective cover 33 away from the axial sleeve 17 is coaxially provided with a fixing ring 34 fixed to the outer wall of the central guide shaft 12. The other end of the protective cover 33 is an open structure for the axial sleeve 17 to be inserted. The two ends of the helical spring 32 abut against the axial sleeve 17 and the fixing ring 34 respectively, so that the axial sleeve 17 is stably compressed when it is pushed back by wind pressure, and thus can drive the entire blade support cylinder 13 to slide back and reset when the wind pressure decreases.

[0025] After constructing a support frame capable of axial sliding in response to wind pressure, in order to control the airflow of the dilution wind, the blade support cylinder 13 is equipped with several rotating blades 14 arranged in a circular array. Specifically, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, each rotating blade 14 is rotatably mounted between the outer sleeve 16 and the central sliding sleeve 17 via a rotating shaft 20, performing the function of blocking or allowing airflow. To convert the axial linear motion of the blade support cylinder 13 into the torsion of the rotating blades 14, a motion conversion assembly serving as a transmission hub is provided between the blade support cylinder 13 and the plurality of rotating blades 14. The motion conversion assembly includes a drive ring 21 and a plurality of crank-swing mechanisms. The drive ring 21 is coaxially rotatably fitted onto the outer wall of the outer sleeve 16, serving as the overall control drive; the plurality of crank-swing mechanisms are located on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 16 and correspond one-to-one with the rotating blades 14, responsible for precisely distributing the rotational displacement of the drive ring 21 to each rotating blade 14.

[0026] Based on the above, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 10As shown, each crank swing mechanism includes a crank rod 22 and a drive pin 23. One end of each shaft 20 passes through the outer sleeve 16. One end of the crank rod 22 is fixedly connected to the protruding end of the corresponding shaft 20, and the other end of the crank rod 22 extends toward the drive ring 21. The drive pin 23 is fixedly connected to the drive ring 21, and the axial direction of the drive pin 23 extends radially along the outer sleeve 16. A strip-shaped through groove 24 is provided on the crank rod 22 along its length direction for the drive pin 23 to pass through and slide with it. The crank rod 22 is actuated by the slot pin structure. In order to enable the rotation of the drive ring 21 to be realized by the axial sliding of the blade support cylinder 13, a fixed guide cylinder 15 is provided on the blade support cylinder 13. The outer wall of the fixed guide cylinder 15 is in contact with the inner wall of the heat-conducting inner cylinder 2, and the fixed guide cylinder 15 is sleeved on the drive ring 21. Several guide slots 25 corresponding to the drive pins 23 are provided on the fixed guide cylinder 15. Each guide slot 25 is divided into a straight slot section 26 and an inclined slot section 27 connected end to end. Each drive pin 23 is inserted into the corresponding guide slot 25 and can slide and cooperate with the straight slot section 26 and the inclined slot section 27 in sequence. The specific linkage logic of the motion conversion component is as follows: when the wind pressure pushes the blade support cylinder 13 to overcome the elastic reset member and generate a backward axial displacement, the drive pin 23 should move backward in a straight line. However, due to its constraint by the external stationary fixed guide cylinder 15, when the drive pin 23 slides into the inclined groove section 27, it is forced to generate a circumferential lateral displacement along the inclined plane trajectory. This lateral displacement force directly causes the drive ring 21 to rotate. Then, the rotating drive ring 21 slides in the strip through groove 24 through the drive pin 23 and drives the crank rod 22 to rotate. Finally, the crank rod 22 will drive the corresponding rotating shaft 20 and rotating blade 14 to twist accordingly.

[0027] To prevent dilution air from escaping through structural gaps and causing pressure sensing failure, this invention employs a rigorous flow channel sealing and directional limiting design. Specifically, as... Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown, two sealing rings 28 are coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 16, spaced apart along its axial direction. The motion conversion component is protectively disposed between the two sealing rings 28. Each sealing ring 28 extends radially toward the fixed guide cylinder 15 along the outer sleeve 16, and a guide ring 29 that fits against the inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder 15 is fixed on the outer edge of each sealing ring 28. This structure completely blocks the possibility of dilution air flowing around the outside of the outer sleeve 16 by external blocking, ensuring that all airflow is forced to pass through the rotating blade 14. At the same time, considering that the high-speed impact of airflow on the tilted rotating blade 14 can easily generate circumferential torque, in order to prevent the blade support cylinder 13 from rotating, a number of guide rods 30 arranged in a circumferential array are fixed on the inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder 15. The axial direction of each guide rod 30 is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed guide cylinder 15. A number of sealing sleeves 31 are fixed on one of the sealing rings 28, and each sealing sleeve 31 slides in cooperation with the corresponding guide rod 30. This multi-point guide structure with a circular array restricts the circumferential rotational freedom of the entire blade support cylinder 13, limiting it to purely axial linear sliding along the central axis. Furthermore, in actual manufacturing and operation, a special dynamic sealing treatment is applied to the mating surfaces of the guide rod 30 and the sealing sleeve 31 to tightly seal the high-speed relative clearance between the sliding pairs, resolutely preventing any localized minor flow or leakage of high-pressure dilution air, and ensuring that all wind pressure kinetic energy on the windward side acts on the blade support cylinder 13 without loss.

[0028] In summary, when the equipment is put into actual denitrification and dilution operations, its dynamic adjustment logic is clear and efficient. Specifically, when the dilution air volume is small, the drive pin 23 is in the straight groove section 26 of the guide channel 25, and the rotating blades 14 maintain a small angle of obstruction, cutting the small amount of air passing through into rotating vortices to enhance the initial mixing. When the fan increases the air supply, the increased air pressure pushes the blade support cylinder 13 backward to compress the helical spring 32, and the drive pin 23 slides into the inclined groove section 27. Under the reaction force of the inclined surface, the drive ring 21 is forced to rotate, and then through the movement of the drive pin 23 in the strip groove 24, all the crank rods 22 and the rotating shaft 20 are rotated, so that each rotating blade 14 opens synchronously. This process automatically amplifies the airflow channel, reducing wind resistance while introducing a large amount of air and the ammonia returning from the rear to be fully agitated at the spiral guide blades 42, realizing energy-saving wind pressure adaptive adjustment and efficient mixing without the need for external electrical control intervention.

[0029] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production, characterized in that, include: The mixing tank (1) includes a heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) and an insulating outer cylinder (3) arranged coaxially, forming an annular preheating cavity (4) between them. The heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) is provided with an air inlet pipe (5) for injecting ammonia into the annular preheating cavity (4). The inner cavity of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) is divided into a dilution air section (6), an ammonia section (7) and a mixing section (8) along its axial direction. The two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) are respectively connected to a dilution air inlet pipe (9) and a mixed gas outlet pipe (10). A central ammonia tube (11) is coaxially disposed in the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) and spans the mixing section (8). One end of the central ammonia tube (11) is connected to the annular preheating chamber (4), and the other end is located in the ammonia section (7) and forms a deflector jet end that sprays ammonia toward the mixing section (8). as well as, A wind pressure adaptive adjustment component (43) is disposed within the dilution air section (6), and the wind pressure adaptive adjustment component (43) includes: The central guide shaft (12) is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) and fixedly connected to the end of the mixing tank (1). The central guide shaft (12) is provided with an elastic reset member. The blade support cylinder (13) is slidably connected to the central guide shaft (12) along the flow direction of the dilution air; Several rotating blades (14) are pivotally connected in a circular array inside the blade support cylinder (13); A fixed guide cylinder (15) is fixedly sleeved outside the blade support cylinder (13) and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2); and The motion conversion component is located on the blade support cylinder (13) and is connected to several rotating blades (14) in a transmission manner. The motion conversion component is configured to convert the axial displacement of the blade support cylinder (13) driven by wind pressure to overcome the elastic reset member, and rely on the guiding cooperation with the fixed guide cylinder (15) to convert the synchronous deflection motion of each of the rotating blades (14) to change the ventilation cross-sectional area.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade support cylinder (13) includes an outer sleeve (16) and a axial sleeve (17). The outer sleeve (16) is located inside the dilution air section (6) and is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2). The central guide shaft (12) passes through the outer sleeve (16) coaxially. The axial sleeve (17) is slidably sleeved on the central guide shaft (12) through a linear bearing (18). The axial sleeve (17) is connected to the outer sleeve (16) through a number of spokes (19) arranged in a circular array. Each rotating blade (14) is rotatably disposed between the outer sleeve (16) and the axial sleeve (17) through a rotating shaft (20).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The motion conversion assembly includes a drive ring (21) and several crank swing mechanisms. The drive ring (21) is coaxially rotated and sleeved on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (16). Several crank swing mechanisms are provided on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (16) and correspond one-to-one with the rotating blades (14). Each crank swing mechanism includes a crank rod (22) and a drive pin (23). One end of each shaft (20) passes through the outer sleeve (16). One end of the crank rod (22) is fixedly connected to the protruding end of the corresponding shaft (20). The other end of the crank rod (22) extends toward the drive ring (21). The drive pin (23) is fixedly connected to the drive ring (21), and the axial direction of the drive pin (23) extends radially along the outer sleeve (16). A strip-shaped through groove (24) is provided on the crank rod (22) along its length direction for the drive pin (23) to pass through and slide with it.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the fixed guide cylinder (15) is in contact with the inner wall of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2), and the fixed guide cylinder (15) is sleeved on the outside of the drive ring (21). The fixed guide cylinder (15) has a number of guide slots (25) that correspond one-to-one with the drive pins (23). Each guide slot (25) is divided into a straight slot section (26) and an inclined slot section (27) connected end to end. Each drive pin (23) is inserted into the corresponding guide slot (25) and can slide in sequence with the straight slot section (26) and the inclined slot section (27).

5. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 4, characterized in that, Two sealing rings (28) are coaxially fixed on the outer wall of the outer sleeve (16) and spaced apart along its axial direction. The motion conversion component is located between the two sealing rings (28). Each sealing ring (28) extends radially toward the fixed guide cylinder (15) along the outer sleeve (16). Each sealing ring (28) has a guide ring (29) fixed on its outer edge that fits against the inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder (15). The inner wall of the fixed guide cylinder (15) has a number of guide rods (30) arranged in a circumferential array. The axial direction of each guide rod (30) is parallel to the axial direction of the fixed guide cylinder (15). A number of sealing sleeves (31) are fixed on one of the sealing rings (28). Each sealing sleeve (31) slides with the corresponding guide rod (30).

6. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic reset component is a helical spring (32) sleeved on the central guide shaft (12), and the helical spring (32) is located at the end of the shaft sleeve (17) away from the dilution air inlet pipe (9). A columnar protective cover (33) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the central guide shaft (12) and covers the helical spring (32). The end of the protective cover (33) away from the shaft sleeve (17) is coaxially provided with a fixing ring (34) fixed to the outer wall of the central guide shaft (12). The other end of the protective cover (33) is an opening structure for the shaft sleeve (17) to be inserted. The two ends of the helical spring (32) abut against the shaft sleeve (17) and the fixing ring (34) respectively.

7. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) and the heat-insulating outer cylinder (3) are open structures. Two annular sealing plates (35) are fixed between the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) and the heat-insulating outer cylinder (3). The two annular sealing plates (35) are respectively close to the two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) to seal the annular preheating cavity (4) into a sealed cavity. The two ends of the heat-conducting inner cylinder (2) are respectively coaxially fixed with a first circular sealing plate (36) and a second circular sealing plate (37) to seal the openings at their ends. The dilution air inlet pipe (9) and the mixed gas outlet pipe (10) are respectively fixed on the first circular sealing plate (36) and the second circular sealing plate (37). The central guide shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the first circular sealing plate (36).

8. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the central ammonia tube (11) passes through the second circular sealing plate (37) and is fixedly connected to it. The second circular sealing plate (37) is provided with a connecting pipe (38) that connects the central ammonia tube (11) to the annular preheating chamber (4). One end of the connecting pipe (38) passes through the second circular sealing plate (37) and the corresponding annular sealing plate (35) in sequence and is connected to the annular preheating chamber (4). The other end is fixedly connected to the central ammonia tube (11).

9. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide tube (11) is provided with a plurality of gas outlet grooves (39) arranged in a circular array. A semi-circular deflector hood (40) is coaxially formed on the deflector jet end of the central ammonia guide tube (11) to seal its port. The opening of the semi-circular deflector hood (40) faces the plurality of gas outlet grooves (39), and the plurality of gas outlet grooves (39) are located inside the semi-circular deflector hood (40). A slot (41) is formed on the arc-shaped outer wall of the semi-circular deflector hood (40), and one end of the central guide shaft (12) is coaxially inserted into the slot (41).

10. A high-efficiency and energy-saving ammonia-air mixer based on urea hydrolysis for ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing section (8) is provided with a spiral guide vane (42), which extends along the axial direction of the central ammonia pipe (11) and is fixed to its outer wall, so that the mixing section (8) forms a spiral flow channel for fully mixing ammonia gas and dilution air.

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