Wear plate for reciprocating crushing, jaw crusher and method of manufacturing wear plate

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to wear plates for reciprocating crushing, jaw crushers, and methods of manufacturing wear plates. A wear plate having a wear surface comprising a plurality of ridges and valleys between the ridges, wherein the ridges and valleys define a plurality of teeth, a plurality of wear elements embedded in at least a portion of at least one of the plurality of teeth, wherein the wear elements comprise: at least one central subset of wear elements arranged in a central region relative to a width of the at least one tooth; and a pair of offset subsets of wear elements, each offset subset arranged in a respective offset region positioned adjacent the central region on opposite sides of the central region along the width of the at least one tooth, wherein the configuration and arrangement of the wear elements define a linear density of the wear elements along a longitudinal extent of the at least one tooth that varies relative to the width extent of the tooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wear-resistant plates for reciprocating crushing of materials. The invention also relates to a jaw crusher. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for manufacturing wear-resistant plates. Background Technology

[0002] In many different industrial applications, material crushing is a critical process step. Examples of the use of reciprocating crushers include processes for obtaining building material particles (such as gravel), or for material refining or recycling. Crushing operations are considered energy-intensive. Therefore, crushers are designed to perform crushing tasks as efficiently as possible.

[0003] A critical component in any crusher (such as a jaw crusher) is the wear-resistant surface (i.e., the wear plate), which comes into contact with the material to be crushed. The efficiency of the crusher and the characteristics of the granular material produced during the crushing process are largely influenced by the surface profile of the wear-resistant surface of the wear plate. The surface profile of the wear plate can include teeth with various geometries, the specific geometry of which is typically selected based on the characteristics of the material to be crushed and the desired properties of the resulting granular material. However, due to the exposure of the wear plate to extreme conditions during crushing operations, the initial surface geometry (especially the geometry of any teeth on the surface) changes due to wear during crushing. As a result, the selected surface geometry (i.e., the geometry of the teeth) changes during the operation. Furthermore, the wear plate is often worn down long before reaching the end of its service life. Therefore, most crushing operations are performed using wear plates with suboptimal surface geometries, during which the efficiency of the crushing operation is reduced, and the quality of the resulting granular material may be compromised.

[0004] Therefore, designing wear plates that maintain their surface geometry for as long as possible during crushing operations is an engineering challenge. A common method for maintaining the geometry of the toothed surface during the long service life of a wear plate is to embed the wear-resistant element into the surface geometry of the wear plate, i.e., into the teeth. However, while this method can maintain the toothed profile for a longer period, the maintained toothed profile often deviates significantly from the originally selected geometry.

[0005] Therefore, a new technology is needed to maintain the surface geometry of the wear plate for a longer portion of its service life, and this maintained surface geometry corresponds more precisely to the originally selected surface geometry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention is set forth below. The summary is intended to introduce, in a simplified form, some concepts that will be further described in the detailed description that follows.

[0007] In view of the above background technology, the overall objective of this technical solution is to provide an improved wear-resistant plate that overcomes at least some of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the invention, a wear-resistant plate for reciprocating crushing of materials is provided, the wear-resistant plate having a first extension (first direction) and a second extension (second direction), which together define a wear-resistant surface. The wear-resistant surface includes multiple ridges and valleys between the ridges, wherein the ridges and valleys define multiple teeth, each corresponding tooth having a width extension, a longitudinal extension, and a height extension, the height extension being a third extension along the wear-resistant plate; and A plurality of wear-resistant elements are embedded in at least a portion of at least one of the plurality of teeth, wherein the wear-resistant element comprises: at least one central subgroup of the wear-resistant element disposed in a central region of the at least a portion, the central region being located near the centerline of the at least one tooth; and a pair of offset subgroups of the wear-resistant element, each offset subgroup being disposed in a corresponding offset region of the at least a portion, the offset regions extending along the width of the at least one tooth and positioned adjacent to the central region on opposite sides of the central region. The plurality of embedded wear-resistant elements are arranged non-uniformly with respect to the width extension and / or configured to have different exposed surface areas, and the configuration and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements along the longitudinal extension of the at least one tooth portion defines the linear density of the wear-resistant elements, which varies with respect to the width extension of the tooth portion. The plurality of embedded wear-resistant elements are further constructed and arranged such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any off-center region.

[0009] Therefore, a wear-resistant plate with multiple embedded wear-resistant elements is provided, said wear-resistant elements being arranged non-uniformly with respect to width and / or configured to have different exposed surface areas, wherein the wear-resistant elements are further configured and arranged such that the linear density of the wear-resistant elements varies across the wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate, particularly such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any off-center region. The distribution of the wear-resistant elements (i.e., the varying linear density) maintains the surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate, which is closer to the surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate in its unworn state. Therefore, the efficiency of the crushing operation and the quality of the produced granular material can be maintained over a longer service life of the wear-resistant plate.

[0010] The abrasion plate may have a substantially flat shape defined by a first extension and a second extension. The first and second extensions of the abrasion plate may be perpendicular to each other; however, it is contemplated that the planar extension of the abrasion plate may be defined by a first and second extension at an angle different from 90° to each other. The abrasion plate is further defined as having a thickness. Unless otherwise stated, the thickness of the abrasion plate is defined as the amount of material of the abrasion plate extending along a third extension of the abrasion plate, including any features related to its surface geometry, wherein the third extension is perpendicular to each of the first and second extensions of the abrasion plate. Since the thickness of the abrasion plate includes any thickness provided by the surface geometry, the thickness of the abrasion plate may vary along the planar extension of the abrasion plate due to variations in the surface geometry. The abrasion plate may be at least slightly curved (i.e., non-planar). In such embodiments, at least one of the first and second extensions may be a non-linear extension.

[0011] The surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate may include valleys and ridges, with valleys situated between ridges, and ridges may be defined as teeth of the wear-resistant plate. The valleys and ridges (i.e., teeth) may have longitudinal extension along a first or second extension of the wear-resistant plate. However, it is contemplated that the longitudinal extensions of the valleys and ridges extend from the first or second extension of the wear-resistant plate at non-zero angles. The wear-resistant plate may include valleys and ridges extending from one side of the wear-resistant plate to the other. Optionally or in combination, the wear-resistant plate may include valleys and ridges with limited extensions on the wear-resistant plate, such that they extend only a portion of the total extension of the wear-resistant plate.

[0012] The teeth of a wear-resistant plate can themselves exhibit a tooth geometry, forming part of the surface geometry. The tooth geometry can include features such as the longitudinal extension of the tooth along the wear-resistant plate, tooth height, tooth width, and any plane or shape defining the tip of the tooth. These features define the tooth profile of each tooth. The tooth profile can be defined as a cross-section of the tooth in a plane perpendicular to its extension (i.e., along its width). The tooth profile can vary along the longitudinal extension of the tooth. That is, the same tooth can have different tooth profiles at different locations along its longitudinal extension. For example, the tooth profile at the tip of the tooth may differ from the tooth profile at the center of the tooth. A single wear-resistant plate can have multiple teeth with the same tooth geometry. Other examples of wear-resistant plates can have multiple teeth with various tooth geometries.

[0013] Wear-resistant elements can be defined by corresponding first and second opposing ends on either side of an elongated extension of each wear-resistant element. Wear-resistant elements can have different cross-sections (i.e., in a plane perpendicular to their elongated extension). Non-limiting examples of cross-sections include cylindrical, elliptical, and rectangular cross-sections. Wear-resistant elements embedded in the same wear-resistant plate can have different dimensions, such as different diameters and / or lengths. Wear-resistant elements can be composed of a composite material comprising at least one hard phase and a binder phase. This material is commonly referred to as a "cermet." The hard phase can be one or more ceramics selected from the list of carbides, borides, nitrides, or boron nitrides. The binder phase can be a metal, such as a cobalt-based, nickel-based, or iron-based alloy. The ratio between the hard phase and the binder phase in the wear-resistant element composition determines the hardness of the wear-resistant element. A higher proportion of the hard phase in the wear-resistant element composition results in a harder but more brittle material. It is conceivable that wear-resistant elements consist only of the hard phase (i.e., one or more ceramics). It is conceivable that, according to the present invention, wear-resistant elements with different hardness (i.e., different proportions between the hard phase and the binder phase) can be embedded in the same wear-resistant plate.

[0014] The wear-resistant element can be embedded within the wear-resistant plate (i.e., its teeth), wherein the elongated extension of the wear-resistant element is oriented along a third extension of the wear-resistant plate (i.e., in the thickness direction of the wear-resistant plate). However, alternatively or in combination, the wear-resistant element can be embedded within the wear-resistant plate, wherein the elongated extension of the wear-resistant element is oriented at an angle relative to the third extension of the wear-resistant plate. For example, it is conceivable that the wear-resistant element can be at least partially oriented such that its elongated extension is parallel to the surface normal of the surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate. The wear-resistant element can be embedded in such a way that its respective ends are exposed at the surface of the wear-resistant plate. Alternatively, the wear-resistant element can be arranged such that only after the outermost surface of the wear-resistant plate has been worn away does one of its respective ends become exposed at the surface of the wear-resistant plate. The latter may be an effect of the method of manufacturing the wear-resistant plate, and the amount of material of the wear-resistant element that needs to be worn to expose the surface of the wear-resistant plate can be considered as the running-in of the new wear-resistant plate. In the following discussion, it will be assumed that the embedded wear-resistant elements are exposed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate due to their arrangement or due to the running-in of the wear-resistant plate.

[0015] In some examples, the wear-resistant element can be oriented so that its elongated extension is parallel to the main wear direction of the teeth. Therefore, for such examples, the total exposed surface area of ​​the wear-resistant element does not change significantly with respect to the wear of the wear plate.

[0016] The embedded wear-resistant elements collectively have a total exposed surface area of ​​the embedded wear-resistant elements. As described herein, the contribution of each respective wear-resistant element to the total exposed surface area of ​​the wear-resistant elements is defined by the exposed surface area of ​​each respective wear-resistant element.

[0017] Multiple embedded wear-resistant elements are arranged non-uniformly relative to the width extension and / or configured to have different exposed surface areas.

[0018] "The wear-resistant elements are arranged non-uniformly relative to the width extension" in this article means that the distance between the center points of the wear-resistant elements is not constant, and the repeatable pattern is not limited as the position changes along the width of the tooth.

[0019] In this paper, "wear-resistant elements having different exposed surface areas" means that the exposed surface areas of each wear-resistant element are different on the wear-resistant surface. This can be achieved, for example, by providing wear-resistant elements of different sizes, which will be detailed later.

[0020] As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, only one of the stated features is required to achieve the desired technical effect. Therefore, it is not necessary to both non-uniformly arrange the wear-resistant elements and configure them to have different exposed surface areas, even though the wear-resistant plate according to this disclosure can combine both features. When the wear-resistant elements are oriented such that their elongated extensions are parallel to a third extension of the wear-resistant plate, or oriented along the primary wear direction of the wear-resistant plate, the total surface area of ​​the wear-resistant elements is not expected to change significantly due to wear of the wear-resistant plate. This can be advantageous because the contribution of the wear-resistant elements to the wear resistance of the wear-resistant plate is not substantially affected by the wear of the wear-resistant elements themselves.

[0021] When viewed along the longitudinal extension of the tooth, the linear density of multiple wear-resistant elements can be defined. Linear density can be defined as the proportion of the total length of a line segment (which intersects the material defined by the wear-resistant element) in a line parallel to the longitudinal extension of the tooth. In this case, the linear density of the wear-resistant element is a dimensionless entity. Therefore, for an imaginary surface with a uniform and complete coverage of the wear-resistant element along the extension of the line, the linear density along the line will be 1, while for an imaginary wear-resistant surface without the wear-resistant element along the extension of the line, the linear density along the line will be 0. For such wear-resistant elements contemplated for use in a wear-resistant plate according to the first aspect, the linear density typically varies in the range of 0 to 0.9. However, the linear density viewed along the longitudinal extension of the tooth will vary with the position of the line along a dimension transverse to the line. With respect to the tooth, this dimension is defined by extending along the width of at least one tooth. In other words, the linear density at each said position can be defined along the width of the tooth, thus defining a continuous function of linear density.

[0022] Although the line density defined and used herein is defined for each location along the width extension of the tooth (i.e., along an infinitesimal line intersecting the location along the width extension of the tooth, which extends parallel to the longitudinal extension of the tooth), an average line density can also be defined. The average line density is also a dimensionless entity and can be calculated by integrating the line density relative to the width extension of the tooth. Therefore, the average line density represents the average of the line densities over a segment extending longitudinally and along the width of the tooth. Thus, those skilled in the art will recognize that a segment of the tooth represents a subsurface region of at least a portion of at least one tooth where wear-resistant elements are provided. This means that the average line density over a segment is determined by the construction and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements present within the segment. The average line density of any segment defined in the at least portion can be calculated. According to the invention, a segment is defined as one of a central region and two corresponding offset regions adjacent to the central region, and the average line density of each corresponding region is defined, with the average line density of the central region being higher than the average line density of either corresponding offset region.

[0023] Elongated wear-resistant elements embedded in at least a portion of at least one tooth of a wear-resistant plate increase the wear resistance of the tooth in its immediate vicinity. This is because the embedding of the wear-resistant element combines the hardness of the wear-resistant element with the toughness of the material constituting the wear-resistant plate. Therefore, the embedding of the wear-resistant element in the wear-resistant plate can be considered to achieve localized composite wear resistance of the wear-resistant plate (i.e., the tooth). As used herein, the average linear density of wear-resistant elements in a region is determined by the arrangement and / or size of the corresponding wear-resistant elements in that region. Therefore, the locally higher average linear density of wear-resistant elements in the central region of the tooth is thus associated with higher composite wear resistance in the central region compared to the offset regions adjacent to it in the width extension of the tooth.

[0024] Here, it is necessary to emphasize the fact that the wear rate of a surface is not solely determined by material properties (including the wear resistance of any composite materials defined above). Surface geometry has a significant impact on the wear rate. The wear rate of a tooth geometry (e.g., the tooth tip) extending along the tooth height may be faster than that of the region adjacent to the tip.

[0025] Since the wear rate of the teeth in a wear-resistant plate varies along the width of the teeth and depends on its tooth profile, the difference in the average linear density of the wear-resistant element relative to the width of the teeth (and the resulting difference in composite hardness) can offset any difference in the wear rate along the width of the teeth caused by the geometry of the teeth. Therefore, by adjusting the average linear density of the region extending along the width of the teeth, the original tooth profile can be maintained over longer periods of crushing operation.

[0026] Based on the above definition of the linear density of the wear-resistant element and the definition of the average linear density of the central region and the off-center region, the size and arrangement of the wear-resistant element are such that, in at least a portion of a tooth, the linear density extending longitudinally along at least one tooth varies with respect to the width of the tooth, thereby making the average linear density of the central region greater than the average linear density of any off-center region.

[0027] Therefore, relative to the width of the tooth, the portion of the tooth profile associated with a higher wear rate due to its shape (e.g., the tip or plateau region) defines the centerline of the tooth, and the central region is located near the centerline of at least one tooth. For a tooth with a symmetrical tooth profile, the centerline of at least one tooth is the line of symmetry of at least one tooth. Therefore, for a tooth with a symmetrical tooth profile, the centerline of the tooth can thus be defined as a line extending centrally relative to the width of the corresponding tooth, extending longitudinally along the tooth. For a tooth with an asymmetrical tooth profile, the centerline can be defined as the point (position) where the tooth has the maximum height extension when moving along the longitudinal dimension. The centerline can be considered to coincide with the tip of the tooth relative to the width of the tooth. For a tooth with a plateau region defining the maximum height extension, the centerline can be defined as the middle portion following the plateau region extending longitudinally along the tooth. Therefore, it should be understood that the centerline or central region of this disclosure does not need to be located at the geometric center of the tooth profile. Rather, the centerline should be considered as a line defining the central portion of the tooth that will first come into contact with the material to be crushed.

[0028] The central region can be considered to comprise a subgroup of multiple wear-resistant elements, referred to herein as the "central subgroup". Therefore, the higher average linear density of the central subgroup of wear-resistant elements along the centerline provides higher overall wear resistance of the teeth along the centerline; thus, higher wear resistance is achieved in the central region along the centerline compared to regions offset from (i.e., adjacent to) the central region.

[0029] The multiple wear-resistant elements include not only the wear-resistant element arranged in the central region, but also at least a pair of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements, each offset subgroup being arranged in corresponding offset regions adjacent to the central region on opposite sides extending along the width of at least one tooth. Therefore, the average linear density can be defined separately over at least three regions of at least one tooth: the (left) offset region, the central region, and the (right) offset region.

[0030] Each offset region extends along the width of at least one tooth and is arranged adjacent to the central region on opposite sides of the central region. This means that the central region and the two offset regions extend parallel to each other along the longitudinal extension of at least one tooth. This also means that the central region contacts and shares a boundary with each offset region on each of its opposite sides. The central region and the offset regions are defined within at least a portion of at least one tooth.

[0031] The phrase "wear-resistant elements arranged in a region" as used herein should be interpreted as each wear-resistant element having a line of symmetry intersecting that region. Therefore, the term "arranged in..." is used to define a grating structure, not a physical characteristic, and as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, wear-resistant elements may be arranged near the boundary between the first and second regions such that their line of symmetry intersects the first region, but their bodies extend at least partially into the second region. In the context of this disclosure and the appended claims, they are still arranged in the first region.

[0032] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the wear-resistant element in the central subgroup of the wear-resistant element is larger than the cross-section of the wear-resistant element in each of the two offset subgroups of the wear-resistant element.

[0033] This can be an advantageous embodiment because it simplifies the structure of the wear-resistant plate, particularly in terms of the number of wear-resistant elements required to provide the high average linear density of the wear-resistant elements in the central region. Another advantage of this embodiment is that a higher average linear density can be achieved while still leaving sufficient amount of wear-resistant plate material between the elements to ensure its fixation to the elements. Furthermore, by providing wear-resistant elements of different sizes, different average linear densities can be obtained for different regions (i.e., the off-center region and the central region), while the wear-resistant elements are uniformly distributed on at least a portion of at least one tooth. For such a wear-resistant plate, the technical effect is achieved solely by varying the exposed surface area of ​​the wear-resistant elements (i.e., in their different regions) relative to the width of the tooth.

[0034] In some embodiments, the plurality of wear-resistant elements further include one or more other pairs of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements, each offset subgroup of the one or more other pairs of offset subgroups being arranged in a corresponding further offset region of at least a portion of at least one tooth, the corresponding further offset region being located adjacent to the corresponding offset region or another location adjacent to the corresponding further offset region, thereby forming two or more consecutively arranged offset regions extending along the width of at least one tooth on opposite sides of the central region.

[0035] By providing more than two offset zones, the linear density variation can be further customized to meet the needs of specific applications. Specifically, it allows the linear density of the wear-resistant element to be adjusted according to the width extension of at least one tooth to further alter the tooth profile, thereby offsetting any differences in wear rate along the width of the tooth due to the geometry of the tooth.

[0036] Multiple wear-resistant elements may include any number of other subgroups of wear-resistant elements. For example, it is conceivable that multiple wear-resistant elements may include four, six, or eight subgroups of wear-resistant elements arranged in corresponding further offset regions, which are further offset from the central region on either side of the central region.

[0037] Optionally, multiple embedded wear-resistant elements can be constructed and arranged such that the average linear density of each corresponding further offset region is lower than the average linear density of that offset region or another adjacent further offset region. This allows for the provision of a wear-resistant plate with an average linear density that continuously decreases with distance from the centerline. For example, in an embodiment with five regions (one central region and two pairs of offset regions), the average linear density in the central region will be greater than the average linear density in any of the offset regions, and the average linear density in each offset region will be greater than the average linear density of any corresponding further offset region. In some embodiments, the exposed surface area of ​​the wear-resistant element in each of two or more consecutively arranged offset regions decreases with distance from the central region.

[0038] A simplified structure for the wear-resistant plate can be achieved by allowing the size of the wear-resistant elements in each of two or more consecutively arranged off-center regions to decrease with distance from the center region. For example, the individual elements can be arranged according to a uniform grid structure while still allowing the average linear density to vary along the width of the teeth. Furthermore, by providing wear-resistant elements whose size decreases continuously with distance from the center region, a more finely customized linear density can be provided.

[0039] In some embodiments, a plurality of embedded wear-resistant elements are arranged in three or more rows, each row extending longitudinally along at least one tooth, wherein the three or more rows include at least one central row located in the central region and two offset rows located in the respective offset regions.

[0040] The manufacturing of the wear-resistant plate can be further simplified by arranging the embedded wear-resistant elements in three or more rows extending longitudinally along at least one tooth. In embodiments where the tooth profile extends constantly longitudinally along the tooth, arranging the wear-resistant elements in multiple rows as described above is particularly preferred.

[0041] Arranging the embedded wear-resistant elements in three or more rows that extend longitudinally along at least one tooth means that the three or more rows are arranged parallel to each other.

[0042] As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, by arranging wear-resistant elements in multiple rows, each row extending longitudinally along at least one tooth, the variation in the average linear density of the wear-resistant elements along the width of the tooth can be determined by the spacing of the wear-resistant elements present in each row, the spacing between adjacent rows of wear-resistant elements, and the size of the wear-resistant elements.

[0043] The term "spacing" in this document refers to the distance between each location point of the wear-resistant elements. Therefore, the spacing is the center-to-center spacing of the grid defined by the location of each wear-resistant element defining its respective central axis. By this definition of the term "spacing," in some embodiments, a line extending longitudinally along at least one tooth relative to the width of the tooth may include wear-resistant elements from at least one adjacent row of wear-resistant elements. This may occur, for example, on wear-resistant elements arranged in an interlaced pattern.

[0044] In some embodiments, at least one center row includes two or more center rows.

[0045] This can be advantageous because it allows for the formation of a wider central region with a high average linear density along the width of the tooth. A wider central region (with a central subgroup of multiple wear-resistant elements) may be preferred if the tooth profile has a plateau region defining the maximum height extension of the tooth. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the central region may comprise three, four, or even more central rows if advantageous for a given tooth profile.

[0046] In some embodiments, the spacing between the row or multiple rows of wear-resistant elements closest to the at least one center row is smaller than that between the wear-resistant elements in multiple rows further offset from the at least one center row.

[0047] This can be advantageous because it allows the manufacture of wear-resistant plates with varying linear densities according to this disclosure using wear-resistant elements of the same size. In other words, instead of changing the linear density by altering the size of the wear-resistant elements in a otherwise uniformly spaced grid structure, the grid structure is intentionally designed to increase the spacing between the positions of the wear-resistant elements in each row as it moves away from the central region. This means that wear-resistant elements forming a portion of one or more rows away from the center line (i.e., a pair of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements defined in an offset region, or optionally a pair of further offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements defined in a further offset region) will have increasingly longer spacing between each other as they move away from the central region.

[0048] In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent rows of wear-resistant elements increases as the wear-resistant elements move further away from the central region.

[0049] This can be advantageous because it allows the manufacture of wear-resistant plates with varying average linear densities according to this disclosure using wear-resistant elements of the same size. Instead of varying the average linear density by providing a grid structure designed to expand the spacing between the positions of the wear-resistant elements within each row as they move away from the central region, the distance between multiple rows increases with increasing distance from the central region.

[0050] As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, the average linear density can be changed by altering the distance between wear-resistant elements within a row, and / or by altering the distance between adjacent rows, and / or by altering the size of wear-resistant elements between rows.

[0051] In some embodiments, at least some of the wear-resistant elements arranged in three or more rows are arranged in an interlaced pattern that extends along the width and longitudinal direction of at least a portion of the at least one tooth.

[0052] This can be beneficial because it allows wear-resistant elements to be arranged closer together while still maintaining alignment of multiple rows with the longitudinal extension of the teeth.

[0053] In some embodiments, the staggered pattern of the wear-resistant elements is limited to the central subgroup of the wear-resistant elements in the central region of the teeth.

[0054] In some embodiments, each tooth is further defined by a base and a top, wherein the top defines the tip of the tooth, which defines a central region of at least one tooth.

[0055] As previously mentioned, the wear rate at the tip of the tooth can be higher than that of the surface portion of the tooth that deviates from the tip. Therefore, providing the average linear density of the wear-resistant element as described above will help offset the difference in wear rate along the width of the tooth caused by the tooth geometry. Thus, the linear density described above (i.e., relative to the width variation of the tooth, such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any off-center region) allows the original tooth geometry to be maintained over longer crushing operations. Simultaneously, the base of the tooth provides the material to be worn while still maintaining the tooth geometry.

[0056] In some embodiments, the base of each tooth is defined by a valley wall that extends at an inclination of 60 to 90 degrees, preferably 70 to 80 degrees, relative to the width of the tooth.

[0057] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant element is composed of titanium carbide in a metal binder.

[0058] According to the second aspect, a jaw crusher comprising at least one wear-resistant plate according to the first aspect is provided.

[0059] Wear-resistant plates can be used in jaw crushers. Jaw crushers use compressive force to crush materials. This mechanical pressure is achieved by two opposing crusher jaw plates, one of which is typically stationary, while the other typically reciprocates. The volume or cavity between the two jaw plates is called the crushing chamber. Wear-resistant plates can be arranged on one or both jaw plates such that the wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate serves as the crushing surface in contact with the material to be crushed.

[0060] However, the present invention can also be used in applications other than jaw crushers. For example, the wear plate can be a wear part of a rotary crusher (e.g., a corrugated wear part of a main rotary crusher).

[0061] According to a third aspect, a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant plate is provided, the method comprising: A mold is obtained by forming a cavity (imprint) of the wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate in the mold material, and a plurality of wear-resistant elements are arranged along at least a portion of the mold corresponding to at least one tooth of the wear-resistant surface, the plurality of wear-resistant elements including a central subgroup of wear-resistant elements and a pair of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements. Molten metal constituting a wear-resistant plate is poured into a mold to form a wear-resistant plate, which includes wear-resistant elements embedded in at least a portion of at least one tooth of the wear-resistant plate, wherein... The arrangement of the central subgroup of the wear-resistant element in the mold corresponds to the central subgroup being arranged in a central region near the centerline of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate, and wherein... The arrangement of a pair of offset subgroups of the wear-resistant element in the mold corresponds to the pair of offset subgroups being arranged in corresponding offset regions, which are positioned adjacent to the central region on opposite sides of the central region along the width of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate, and wherein... The arrangement of multiple embedded wear-resistant elements in the mold corresponds to a non-uniform arrangement of the multiple wear-resistant elements relative to the width extension of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate and / or to be configured to have different exposed surface areas, wherein the configuration and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements in the mold defines the linear density of the wear-resistant elements extending longitudinally along at least one tooth, which varies with the width extension of the tooth. Multiple embedded wear-resistant elements are further constructed and arranged in the mold such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any off-center region.

[0062] The advantages of this method are at least the same as those of the wear-resistant plate according to the first aspect.

[0063] The effects and features of the second and third aspects are largely similar to those described above in conjunction with the first aspect. The embodiments mentioned with respect to the first aspect are largely applicable to the second and third aspects. It should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the inventive concept encompasses all possible combinations of features.

[0064] The features of the wear-resistant plate have been described in detail above. Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of embodiments of the wear-resistant plate. Attached Figure Description

[0065] The invention will be described in more detail by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the presently preferred embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 1A An example of abrasion-resistant steel plate is shown.

[0067] Figure 1B Another example of abrasion-resistant steel plate is shown.

[0068] Figure 2 An exemplary geometry of the teeth on a wear-resistant plate is shown.

[0069] Figure 3 It shows that it is constructed to be embedded in according to Figure 2 An exemplary geometry of the wear-resistant element in at least one tooth.

[0070] Figure 4A A top view of a portion of a tooth according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0071] Figure 4B A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0072] Figure 4C A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0073] Figures 5A to 5E A cross-sectional view of a tooth with embedded wear-resistant elements is shown. Figure 5A , Figure 5B and Figure 5C Corresponding to the teeth in the prior art, Figure 5D and Figure 5E Corresponding to the teeth according to this disclosure.

[0074] Figure 6 A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0075] Figure 7A A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0076] Figure 7B A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0077] Figure 8 A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0078] Figure 9A A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0079] Figure 9B A top view of a portion of a tooth according to another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0080] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a jaw crusher according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0081] Figure 11 A perspective view of a mold for forming a cavity for teeth, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, is shown.

[0082] Figure 12 A flowchart is shown of a series of steps in a method for manufacturing a wear-resistant plate according to this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0083] To better understand this technology, please refer to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1A Let's begin by detailing the main components of the wear-resistant plate.

[0084] Figure 1A A wear-resistant plate 100 for reciprocating crushing of materials is shown. The wear-resistant plate 100 has a first extension E1 and a second extension E2, which together define a wear-resistant surface 101. In this example, the wear-resistant plate 100 has a generally planar shape defined by the first extension E1 and the second extension E2. The first extension E1 and the second extension E2 of the wear-resistant plate 100 may be perpendicular to each other as in this example; however, it is contemplated that in other embodiments, the planar extensions of the wear-resistant plate may be defined by a first extension and a second extension at an angle to each other that is not 90 degrees. It is also contemplated that the wear-resistant plate may be at least slightly curved (i.e., non-planar). For such embodiments, at least one of the first extension and the second extension may be a non-linear extension.

[0085] Back Figure 1A In the current example, it can be seen that the wear plate 100 has a certain thickness. The thickness of the wear plate is defined as the amount of material of the wear plate 100 extending along a third extension E3 of the wear plate (including any features related to its surface geometry), wherein the third extension E3 is perpendicular to each of the first extension E1 and the second extension E2 of the wear plate 100. Since the thickness of the wear plate 100 includes any thickness provided by the surface geometry, the thickness of the wear plate 100 can vary along the planar extension of the wear plate 100 due to variations in the surface geometry.

[0086] Figure 1A The surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate 100 includes valleys 120 and ridges 110, wherein the valleys 120 are located between the ridges 110, and wherein the ridges 110 define teeth 200 of the wear-resistant plate 100. In this embodiment, the valleys 120 and ridges 110 (i.e., teeth) have a longitudinal extension x along a first extension E1 of the wear-resistant plate 100. However, in other embodiments, the longitudinal extensions of the valleys and ridges extend along a second extension of the wear-resistant plate, or form a non-zero angle with either the first or second extension of the wear-resistant plate (see...). Figure 1B (Example in the example). In this embodiment, the wear plate 100 includes a valley 120 and a ridge 110 extending from one side of the wear plate 100 to the other side. However, in other embodiments, the wear plate may include valleys and ridges with limited extensions on the wear plate, such that they extend only over a portion of the total extension of the wear plate.

[0087] The wear-resistant plate 100 in this example has a toothed section 200 with a toothed geometry that forms part of the surface geometry. Figure 2An example of tooth geometry is shown. The tooth geometry of this example includes features such as the tooth longitudinal extension x along the wear-resistant plate 100, the tooth height h, the tooth width w, and the plane 210 defining the tip 220 of the tooth 200. The features of the tooth geometry define the tooth profile P of each tooth. The tooth profile P is defined as a cross-section of the tooth 200 in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal extension x of the tooth 200 (i.e., along the width w of the tooth 200). In this example, the tooth profile P is consistent along the longitudinal extension x of the tooth. However, in other embodiments, the tooth profile P may vary along the longitudinal extension x of the tooth. The wear-resistant plate 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a plurality of teeth 200 having the same tooth geometry. However, in alternative embodiments of the wear-resistant plate 100, the plurality of teeth may have various tooth geometries.

[0088] The wear-resistant plate 100 includes a plurality of wear-resistant elements 300 embedded in its teeth 200. For example... Figure 1A and Figure 1B As shown, the wear-resistant element 100 can be embedded in a portion of the PP of the tooth 200. However, it is also conceivable to embed the wear-resistant element 300 across the entire wear-resistant surface of the tooth 200. The wear-resistant element 300 is composed of a composite material comprising at least one hard phase and a binder phase. The at least one hard phase is selected from a list including carbides (e.g., titanium carbide), borides, nitrides, and boron nitrides. The binder phase is selected from a list including cobalt-based alloys, nickel-based alloys, and iron-based alloys. Alternatively, the wear-resistant element 300 may consist of only at least one hard phase. The wear-resistant elements 300 are embedded such that their respective ends are exposed on the wear-resistant surface 101 of the wear-resistant plate 100. The embedded wear-resistant elements collectively have the total surface area of ​​the embedded wear-resistant elements.

[0089] The wear-resistant element 300 can be embedded within the wear-resistant plate 100 (i.e., its teeth), wherein the elongated extension E of the wear-resistant element is oriented with respect to the third extension E3 of the wear-resistant plate 100 (i.e., the thickness direction of the wear-resistant plate 100). This is in Figure 2 As shown in the figure. However, alternatively or in combination, the wear-resistant element 300 may be embedded within the wear-resistant plate 100, wherein the elongated extension E of the wear-resistant element 300 is oriented at an angle relative to the third extension E3 of the wear-resistant plate 100. For example, it is conceivable that the wear-resistant element may be at least partially oriented such that its elongated extension E is parallel to the surface normal N of the surface geometry of the wear-resistant plate (see Figure 100). Figure 1B The wear-resistant element 300 can be embedded such that its respective ends are exposed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate 100. Alternatively, the wear-resistant element 300 can be arranged such that one end of its respective ends is exposed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate 100 only after its outermost surface has been worn away.

[0090] Figure 3Examples of wear-resistant elements 300, 300', 300" are illustrated schematically. Each wear-resistant element 300, 300', 300" is defined by an elongated extension E between respective opposing first ends 301 and second ends 302. Figure 3 It can be understood that wear-resistant elements 300, 300', 300" can have various cross-sections (i.e., planes perpendicular to their elongated extension E), and examples that are presented, but not limiting, include circular (wear-resistant element 300), elliptical (wear-resistant element 300"), and rectangular cross-sections (wear-resistant element 300').

[0091] Back Figure 1A It can be seen that the wear-resistant element 300 is embedded in the wear-resistant plate 100 (i.e., its toothed portion 200), and its elongated extension E is oriented with respect to the third extension E3 of the wear-resistant plate 100 (i.e., the thickness direction of the wear-resistant plate 100). Therefore, given that Figure 1A The exemplary wear-resistant plate 100 extends in a plane, and the wear-resistant element 300 is also oriented along its main wear direction. Figure 1B The wear-resistant plate 100' illustrated includes a wear-resistant surface 101', wherein two portions 101a' of the wear-resistant surface 101' have surface normals N that are not collinear with the third extension E3 of the wear-resistant plate 100. In embodiments where the surface normal N of at least a portion of the wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate is not collinear with the third extension of the wear-resistant plate (e.g....), Figure 1B As shown), the wear-resistant element 300 may preferably be oriented along the main wear direction (i.e., the surface normal N) rather than along the third extension E3 of the wear-resistant plate 100.

[0092] Figures 4A-4C Examples of the arrangement of multiple wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, 300c in different tooth sections 200a, 200b, 200c according to this disclosure are provided. Figures 4A-4C Each of the plurality of wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, 300c includes a central subgroup 310a, 310b, 310c of wear-resistant elements, which are arranged in the central region A of a portion of the PP of the teeth 200a, 200b, 200c. The central region A is located near the centerline C of each tooth 200a, 200b, 200c. The plurality of wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, 300c also includes a pair of offset subgroups 320a, 320b, 320c of wear-resistant elements, each offset subgroup 320a, 320b, 320c being arranged in a corresponding offset region BL, BR of the portion of PP. The offset regions BL, BR extend along the width w adjacent to the central region A on opposite sides of the central region A. Figures 4A to 4CAs shown, the central region A and the two sub-regions BL and BR are arranged adjacent to each other within at least a portion of PP in teeth 200a, 200b, and 200c. Furthermore, in Figures 4A to 4C When viewed along the longitudinal extension x of each wear-resistant element, the central region A and two off-center regions BL and BR can be seen.

[0093] The wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, and 300c are arranged non-uniformly relative to the width extension w of the at least one tooth 200a, 200b, and 200c. Figures 4A-4C The exemplary arrangement of the wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, and 300c shown defines the linear density LD(w) of the embedded wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, and 300c, as observed along a longitudinal extension x of at least one tooth 200a, 200b, or 200c. The linear density LD is defined as the proportion of the total length of a line segment (which intersects the material defined by the wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, or 300c) in a line oriented parallel to the longitudinal extension x of the teeth 200a, 200b, or 200c. According to this definition, the linear density of the wear-resistant element is a dimensionless entity. In other words, a linear density is defined at each location along the width w of the teeth 200a-c, thereby defining a continuous linear density function LD(w) for each tooth 200a-c, as shown below. Figures 4A-4C The graph in the diagram is shown schematically. Therefore, in Figures 4A-4C In the example, wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, 300c are provided in a non-uniform arrangement relative to the width w of at least one tooth 200a, 200b, 200c, and the linear density LD(w) observed along the longitudinal extension x of the tooth 200a-c varies with the position of the line along the width extension w of the tooth 200a-c.

[0094] Figures 4A-4C The central region A shown is located near the centerline C extending along the longitudinal extension x of each tooth 200a-c. The centerline C is defined as the point where the tooth has the maximum height extension h as the tooth 200a-c moves along the longitudinal extension x. Therefore, the centerline C can be considered to coincide with the tip K of the tooth 200a-c relative to the width extension w of the tooth. Figure 4A The tooth portion 200a shown has a symmetrical tooth profile, so the center line C of the tooth portion 200a corresponds to the line of symmetry of the tooth portion 200a. Figure 4B The tooth portion 200b shown has an asymmetrical tooth profile, therefore, the center line C deviates from the center of the width of the tooth portion 200b. Figure 4C A tooth 200c is shown, having a platform region that defines a maximum height extension h, where a center line C is defined as extending longitudinally along the tooth 200c, following the center of the platform region.

[0095] from Figures 4A-4C It can be observed that the linear density LD of the wear-resistant elements 300a-c varies with the position along the width extension w of the tooth portion 200a-c, and the central subgroup 310a-c of the wear-resistant elements 300a-c arranged in the central region A exhibits the maximum value M of the linear density LD relative to the width extension w of the tooth portion 200a-c. Figures 4A-4C The average linear density is also shown in the figure. Although the linear density LD defined and used herein is defined for each location along the width extension w of tooth 200a-c (i.e., along a micro-element line that intersects the width extension w of tooth 200a-c at the stated location, the line extending parallel to the longitudinal extension x of the tooth), the average (or average) linear density... It can also be defined for a segment of at least one tooth corresponding to regions A, BL, and BR. Average linear density It is also a dimensionless entity and can be expressed using the following formula, by the width w extending along the width of the tooth relative to regions A, BL, and BR. A w BL w BR The linear density LD(w) is integrated to calculate:

[0096] Where w1 and w2 define the extent of the region to be integrated along the width w. This implies the average linear density. The higher average linear density along the centerline C (i.e., the higher average linear density in the central region) depends on the size, quantity, and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements 300a, 300b, and 300c present in each of the regions A, BL, and BR. This is related to the higher composite wear resistance of the tooth section 200a-c along the centerline. Therefore, it has a relatively low average linear density. Compared to the corresponding deviation regions BL and BR, higher wear resistance was achieved in the central region A.

[0097] according to Figures 4A-4C The distribution of the wear-resistant elements 300a-c (i.e., the variation in linear density LD and the correlation between wear resistance and the width w of the tooth portion 200a-c) can maintain the tooth profile of the tooth portion 200a-c, which is closer to the tooth profile of the wear-resistant plate in its unworn state. This arrangement of the wear-resistant elements 300a-c according to the invention has an effect in… Figures 5A-5E As shown in the image.

[0098] Figures 5A to 5C The tooth profile of the prior art is shown. Figure 5AThe tooth profile Pa of a tooth in which no wear-resistant element is embedded is shown. Therefore, since the tooth profile Pa in the unworn state includes the tip K, a higher wear rate can be observed in the material near the tip K of the tooth, and the tooth profile Pa (solid line) corresponding to the unworn state disappears quickly.

[0099] Figure 5B It shows the geometric shape and Figure 5A The tooth profile Pa shown is the same as the tooth profile Pb, wherein the tooth includes a wear-resistant element (as shown in the black area) embedded along the tip K. From Figure 5B It can be observed that the increased wear resistance near the centerline limits the wear amount at the tip K of the tooth profile Pb. However, the tooth profile Pb' of the worn tooth does not correspond to the tooth profile Pb of the unworn tooth because the wear is significantly greater in the region away from the center of the tooth. Next, Figure 5C The tooth profile Pc is shown, which is also geometrically similar to... Figure 5A and Figure 5B The tooth profiles are identical, wherein the teeth have embedded wear-resistant elements (black areas), and wherein the wear-resistant elements are configured to have equal exposed surface areas and are evenly arranged extending relative to the width of the teeth. Therefore, in Figure 5C In the exemplary tooth section, there is no high average linear density of wear-resistant elements near the centerline of the tooth section. This construction and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements achieves an equal contribution to the composite wear resistance of the tooth section relative to its width extension. Therefore, the influence of the tooth geometry on the wear rate of the tooth section will not be offset by the composite wear resistance provided by the wear-resistant elements, thus achieving an equal wear rate of the tooth section relative to its width extension. Consequently, the highest wear rate of the tooth section will occur near the tip K of the tooth section, resulting in a truncated tooth profile Pc' in the worn state compared to the tooth profile Pc in the unworn state.

[0100] Now go to Figure 5D and Figure 5E It shows the tooth profile according to this disclosure. Figure 5D The tooth profile Pd of a tooth portion including a wear-resistant element constructed and arranged according to the present disclosure is shown, wherein the wear-resistant element includes a central subgroup arranged in a central region A as described above and a pair of offset subgroups arranged in corresponding offset regions BL, BR. The central subgroup of the wear-resistant element is configured to have a larger exposed surface area than the wear-resistant element arranged in the corresponding offset regions BL, BR. The larger exposed surface of the central subgroup results in the maximum linear density located in the central region A. Furthermore, according to Figure 5DThe construction and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements result in a higher average linear density in the central region A compared to the corresponding offset regions BL and BR of the tooth. Therefore, the contribution to composite wear resistance is greater near the centerline of the tooth (i.e., near the tooth tip K). Consequently, due to the tooth geometry, the higher wear rate in the central region A (i.e., the tooth tip K) is successfully offset by the higher wear resistance provided by the central subgroup of wear-resistant elements in this region. Figure 5D The tooth profile Pd' under the worn state is closer to the tooth profile Pd under the unworn state. Therefore, Figure 5D An example is shown in which the adjustment of the linear density along the width of the tooth allows the original tooth profile to remain unchanged over a longer cycle of the crushing operation.

[0101] Figure 5E A tooth profile Pe of one embodiment of a tooth is disclosed, wherein the tooth is defined by a base 40 and a top 42, the base 40 being defined by a valley wall 41. The top 42 defines a apex K of the tooth, which defines a central region A of the tooth. The construction and arrangement of the wear-resistant element correspond to... Figure 5D The illustrated embodiment. Accordingly, compared to the corresponding off-center regions, the higher average linear density of the wear-resistant elements in the central region successfully offsets the higher wear rate near the tooth tip K caused by the tooth profile. Simultaneously, the base 40 of the tooth provides the material to be worn while still maintaining the tooth geometry (particularly relative to the width extension w of the tooth), without which the width extension w would decrease during tooth wear.

[0102] As explained in the overview above, various arrangements and dimensions of the wear-resistant element 300 can be used to achieve variations in the linear density LD along the width extension w of the tooth and the technical effects just described. Figure 6 and Figures 7A-7B Examples of other arrangements of wear-resistant elements 300d, 300e relative to the extensions of teeth 200d, 200e are shown.

[0103] Figure 6 A top view of an embodiment with a wear-resistant element 300d is shown, the wear-resistant element 300d being arranged in a manner similar to... Figure 5D and Figure 5E The wear-resistant elements 300d are arranged in three rows R1-R3 extending along the longitudinal extension x of at least one tooth 200d. Each row R1-R3 is arranged in parallel and spaced apart by a row spacing D. The wear-resistant elements 300d within each row R1-R3 are spaced apart by a distance d. The wear-resistant elements 300d are uniformly arranged, i.e., d and D are constants. Therefore, Figure 6 This provides a clear example of how the desired variation of the linear density LD of the wear-resistant element 300d along the width w of the tooth portion 200d is determined by the structure of the wear-resistant elements in each row of R1-R3. Figure 6 In the example shown, the central subgroup 310d of the wear-resistant element 300d is configured to have a larger exposed surface area S1 than the surface area S2 of the two offset subgroups 320d of the wear-resistant element arranged in the offset regions BL and BR. Therefore, by changing the structure of the wear-resistant element 300d, thereby changing its exposed surface areas S1 and S2, the linear density LD observed along the longitudinal extension of the tooth portion 200d varies with the width w of the tooth portion 200d, resulting in an average linear density in the central region. The average linear density of either the deviation region BL or BR is greater than the average linear density of the deviation region. This can be achieved by arranging the wear-resistant elements 300d in a uniform pattern. Those skilled in the art will recognize that arranging the wear-resistant elements 300d in multiple rows is not necessary, and alternative embodiments may include offset regions where the individual subgroups of wear-resistant elements are arranged in a non-linear manner, such as... Figures 4A to 4C As shown in the embodiments.

[0104] Figure 7A and Figure 7B Two embodiments of the wear-resistant plate are shown, wherein, in addition to the central subgroups 310e, 310f and the offset subgroups 320e, 320f, the plurality of wear-resistant elements 300e, 300f also include a pair of further offset subgroups 325e, 325f. Each of the further offset subgroups 325e, 325f is arranged in a corresponding further offset region B2L, B2R of the at least a portion of the PP. The further offset regions B2L, B2R are located near the corresponding offset regions BL, BR, so as to form two consecutively arranged offset regions BL, B2L and BR, B2R extending w along the width w of the at least one tooth 200e on opposite sides of the central region A. For these exemplary embodiments, as Figure 7A and Figure 7B As shown, wear-resistant elements 300e and 300f are arranged in rows R1-R5. Those skilled in the art will recognize that arranging wear-resistant elements 300e and 300f in rows is not necessary, and alternative embodiments may include two, three, four, or even more further offset regions in which the individual subgroups of wear-resistant elements are arranged in a non-linear manner and / or configured to have different exposed surface areas.

[0105] exist Figure 7AIn the further deviation regions B2L and B2R, the linear density LD of wear-resistant elements 325e is lower than that of wear-resistant elements 320e in regions BL and BR, because the further deviation regions B2L and B2R contain fewer wear-resistant elements 300e per unit length than the deviation regions BL and BR. Similarly, the linear density LD of wear-resistant elements 320e in the deviation regions BL and BR is lower than that in the central region A, because the deviation regions BL and BR contain fewer wear-resistant elements 300e per unit length than the central region A. In other words, in Figure 7A In the illustrated embodiment, the spacing d of the wear-resistant elements 300e in the rows closest to the central region A (i.e., rows R2 and R3) is smaller than the spacing of the wear-resistant elements 300e in the rows further away from the central region A (i.e., rows R4 and R5). Meanwhile, the surface area S1 of each wear-resistant element 300e is the same. Therefore, Figure 7A The illustrated embodiment constitutes an example of obtaining the linear density LD of the wear-resistant element 300e as observed along the longitudinal extension x of the tooth portion 200e relative to the width w of the tooth portion 200e. By non-uniformly arranging wear-resistant elements 300e of the same size along the width extension w of the tooth portion 200e, the average linear density of the central region A is achieved. The average linear density is greater than either of the deviation regions BL and BR. .from Figure 7A It can be observed that the average linear density of further deviation regions B2L and B2R... It is also less than the average linear density of the deviation regions BL and BR. This is achieved by non-uniformly arranging wear-resistant elements 300e of the same size along the longitudinal extension x of the tooth portion 200e (i.e., relative to each row R1-R3). However, this average linear density... An optional feature of the invention is that the linear density of the further deviation regions moves away from the center line and continuously decreases. Therefore, it is conceivable to provide embodiments in which the average linear density of the further deviation regions B2R and B2L... Not lower than the average linear density of the deviation areas BL and BR .

[0106] exist Figure 7B In the middle, the linear density in the off-center regions BL, BR, B2L, B2R is lower than that in the central region A, because the exposed surface areas S2, S3 of the wear-resistant elements 320f, 325f in each of the two or more consecutively arranged off-center regions BL, B2L and BR, B2R decrease as the off-center region moves away from the central region A, with the exposed surface area S1 of the wear-resistant element 310f being the largest. Figure 7B The example further illustrates that the spacing D between adjacent rows R1-R5 of the wear-resistant element 300f increases with distance from the central region A. Therefore, Figure 7BThe illustrated embodiment constitutes an example in which the exposed surface areas S1, S2, and S3 are altered by changing the structure of the wear-resistant element 300f, and combined with the non-uniform arrangement of the wear-resistant element 300f relative to the width w of the tooth portion 200f, thereby achieving the average linear density of regions A, BL, BR, B2L, and B2R. It varies relative to the width w of the tooth section 200f.

[0107] Figure 8 Another example is shown, in which the tooth is truncated around its centerline, and the central subgroup 310g of the wear-resistant element 300g is arranged in two parallel rows R1 and R2 in the central region A of the tooth 200g. Therefore, the linear density LD of the longitudinal extension x of the tooth 200g has two maximum values ​​relative to the width w of the tooth 200g corresponding to the width of the central region A. The offset subgroup 320g of the wear-resistant element 300g is determined according to... Figure 6 and Figures 7A-7B The example arrangement makes the average linear density of the central region A equal to that of the central region A. In contrast, the respective width portions of each corresponding deviation region BL, BR along the width w of the tooth portion 200g contribute a lower average linear density. .

[0108] Figure 9A An example illustrates a staggered arrangement of wear-resistant elements 300h, distributed along at least a portion of the width w and longitudinal extension x of the at least one tooth portion 200h. This staggered arrangement causes overlap between wear-resistant elements 300h in adjacent regions A, BL, and BR. In other words, the central subgroup 310h of row R1 of wear-resistant elements 300h overlaps with the offset subgroups 320h of rows R2 and R3 of wear-resistant elements 300h, relative to the longitudinal extension x of the tooth portion 200h. Therefore, each overlapping subgroup will contribute to the line density LD at the location corresponding to the overlap along the width w of the tooth portion. In this example, the spacing d between the wear-resistant elements within each row R1-R3 is the same, and the lower average line density in the subgroup regions BL and BR is also present. Instead, this is achieved by configuring the exposed surface area S1 of the wear-resistant element in the central subgroup 310h to be greater than the exposed surface area S2 of the offset subgroup 320h.

[0109] because Figure 9A An exemplary embodiment is shown in which the wear-resistant element 310h extends partially between the wear-resistant elements 320h (as observed in the width extension w), so that the wear-resistant elements extend longitudinally and the linear density LD relative to the width extension w of the tooth portion 200h is always non-zero, as shown in Figures 9A-9BThis is observed in the graphical representation of the function LD(w). However, as previously stated, each subgroup 310h, 320h is still arranged in its respective regions A, BL, BR, because the term "arranged in" herein should be interpreted as the center of each wear-resistant element being confined within its respective region. Thus, the term "arranged in" is used to define the grid structure, not a physical feature, and as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, wear-resistant elements may be arranged near the boundary between the first and second regions, such that their centers are confined within the first region, but their bodies extend at least partially into the second region. Alternatively, this can be represented as the exposed surface area of ​​some wear-resistant elements 300f extending into another region A, BL, BR.

[0110] Figure 9B Another staggered arrangement of wear-resistant elements 300i is illustrated, wherein the wear-resistant elements are distributed along at least a portion of the width w and longitudinal extension x of at least one tooth 200i. The staggered arrangement causes the wear-resistant elements 300i to overlap both within a central region A and between the central region A and adjacent subgroup regions BL, BR. In other words, relative to the longitudinal extension x of the tooth 200i, the central subgroup 310i of the wear-resistant elements 300i arranged in rows R1-R3 overlaps with the offset subgroup 320i of the wear-resistant elements 300h arranged in rows R4 and R5. Therefore, each overlapping subgroup 320i contributes to the linear density LD at the position corresponding to the overlap along the width w of the tooth. As will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, this exemplary embodiment constitutes an example in which the central region A includes three rows of R1-R3 wear-resistant elements 310i arranged in a uniformly staggered pattern, and wherein the above-mentioned technical effect is achieved by making the surface area S2 of the wear-resistant elements 320i smaller than the surface area S1 of the wear-resistant elements 310i in the central region A.

[0111] Figure 10 A jaw crusher 1 is shown, including a wear-resistant plate 100 according to a second aspect of this disclosure. The jaw crusher 1 uses compressive force to crush material M. Mechanical pressure is achieved by two opposing crusher jaw plates 2, 3, wherein the first crusher jaw plate 2 is generally fixed, while the second crusher jaw plate 3 is generally reciprocating. The volume or cavity between the two crusher jaw plates 2, 3 is referred to as the crushing chamber 4. The wear-resistant plate 100 may be arranged on one or both of the jaw plates 2, 3, such that the wear-resistant surface 101 of the wear-resistant plate 100 serves as a crushing surface in contact with the material M to be crushed. Jaw crushers (such as...) Figure 10 The jaw crusher 1) shown is well known in the art, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0112] Now refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12A method for manufacturing a wear-resistant plate is briefly described. This method includes a forming step S01, in which a cavity 400 for the wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate is formed in a mold material, thereby obtaining a mold 500. In this example, the mold material is sand, and the mold is a sand mold. The cavity 400 can be formed using a template of the wear-resistant plate to be formed. The wear-resistant plate manufactured by this method can be any wear-resistant plate according to this disclosure, such as, but not limited to, those referenced. Figures 4A to 4C , Figure 6 , Figure 7A , Figure 7B , Figure 8 and Figures 9A-9B The described wear-resistant plate. The method of manufacturing the wear-resistant plate further includes an arrangement step S02, in which a plurality of wear-resistant elements 600 are arranged in a mold 500 along at least a portion (i.e., cavity 400) of the mold, corresponding to at least one tooth of the wear-resistant surface. The plurality of wear-resistant elements includes a central subgroup 610 of wear-resistant elements and a pair of offset subgroups 620 of wear-resistant elements. The method of manufacturing the wear-resistant plate further includes a pouring molten metal step S03, in which molten metal constituting the wear-resistant plate is poured into the mold 500 to form the wear-resistant plate, the wear-resistant plate including wear-resistant elements embedded in at least a portion of at least one tooth of the wear-resistant plate.

[0113] Arrangement step S02, which arranges the central subgroup 610 of the wear-resistant element in the mold 500, corresponds to arranging the central subgroup 610 in the central region A relative to the width of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate. Simultaneously, arrangement step S02, which arranges a pair of offset subgroups 620 of the wear-resistant element in the mold 500, corresponds to arranging the pair of offset subgroups 620 in corresponding offset regions BL, BR, which extend along the width of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate on opposite sides of the central region adjacent to the central region. Arrangement step S02, which arranges a plurality of embedded wear-resistant elements 600 in the mold 500, also corresponds to the plurality of wear-resistant elements 600 being arranged non-uniformly with respect to the width of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate and / or the plurality of embedded wear-resistant elements being configured to have different exposed surface areas. Furthermore, a plurality of wear-resistant elements 600 are further constructed and arranged in the mold 500 such that the linear density of the embedded wear-resistant elements 600 (as observed along the longitudinal extension of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate) varies with position along the width of at least one tooth, and such that the average linear density of the central region C is such that... The average linear density is greater than either of the deviation regions BL and BR. .

[0114] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is by no means limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Rather, various modifications and variations can be made within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, by studying the accompanying drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims, those skilled in the art can understand and implement variations of the disclosed embodiments when implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant plate for reciprocating crushing of materials. The wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate includes a plurality of ridges and valleys between the ridges, wherein the ridges and valleys define a plurality of teeth, each corresponding tooth having a width extension, a longitudinal extension and a height extension; and Multiple wear-resistant elements are embedded in at least a portion of at least one of the multiple teeth, wherein the wear-resistant elements include: At least one central subgroup of the wear-resistant element is arranged in the central region of the at least part of the central region, the central region being located near the centerline of the at least one tooth; And a pair of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements, each offset subgroup being arranged in a corresponding offset region of at least a portion of the central region, the offset regions extending along the width of the at least one tooth and positioned adjacent to the central region on opposite sides of the central region. The construction and arrangement of the wear-resistant element define the linear density of the wear-resistant element extending longitudinally along the at least one tooth, the linear density varying relative to the width of the tooth. The embedded wear-resistant elements are further constructed and arranged such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any one of the off-center regions.

2. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the wear-resistant element in the central subgroup of the wear-resistant element is larger than the cross-section of the wear-resistant element in each of the two offset subgroups of the wear-resistant element.

3. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of wear-resistant elements further comprises one or more pairs of further offset subgroups of the wear-resistant elements, each of the one or more pairs of further offset subgroups being arranged in a corresponding further offset region of the at least portion of the at least one tooth, the corresponding further offset region being located adjacent to the corresponding offset region or adjacent to another corresponding further offset region, thereby forming two or more consecutively arranged offset regions extending along the width of the at least one tooth on opposite sides of the central region.

4. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 3, wherein the exposed surface area of ​​the wear-resistant element in each of the two or more consecutively arranged offset regions decreases as it moves away from the central region.

5. The wear-resistant plate according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the embedded plurality of wear-resistant elements are arranged in three or more rows, each row extending along the longitudinal direction of the at least one tooth, wherein the three or more rows include at least one central row located in the central region and two offset rows located in the respective offset regions.

6. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 5, wherein the at least one center row comprises two or more center rows.

7. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the spacing between the wear-resistant elements in the row or rows closest to the at least one center row is less than the spacing between the wear-resistant elements in the rows further away from the at least one center row.

8. The wear-resistant plate according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the row spacing between adjacent rows of wear-resistant elements increases with distance from the central region.

9. The wear-resistant plate according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein at least some of the wear-resistant elements arranged in three or more rows are arranged in an interlaced pattern distributed along the width and longitudinal extension of the at least one portion of the at least one tooth.

10. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 9, wherein the staggered pattern of the wear-resistant elements is limited to the central subgroup of the wear-resistant elements in the central region of the teeth.

11. The wear-resistant plate according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each tooth is further defined by a base and a top, wherein the top defines the tip of the tooth, and the tip defines a central region of the at least one tooth.

12. The wear-resistant plate according to claim 11, wherein the base of each tooth is defined by a valley wall that extends with an inclination of 75-90 degrees, preferably in the range of 80-90 degrees, relative to the width of the tooth.

13. The wear-resistant plate according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the wear-resistant element is composed of titanium carbide in a metal binder.

14. A jaw crusher comprising at least one wear-resistant plate according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A method for manufacturing a wear-resistant plate, the method comprising: A cavity is formed in the mold material to form a wear-resistant surface of the wear-resistant plate, thereby obtaining a mold, and a plurality of wear-resistant elements are arranged along at least a portion of the mold corresponding to at least one tooth of the wear-resistant surface, the wear-resistant elements including a central subgroup of wear-resistant elements and a pair of offset subgroups of wear-resistant elements. Molten metal constituting the wear-resistant plate is poured into the mold to form the wear-resistant plate, which includes wear-resistant elements embedded in at least a portion of at least one tooth therein. The arrangement of the central subgroup of the wear-resistant element in the mold corresponds to the central subgroup being arranged in a central region near the centerline of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate, and wherein The arrangement of a pair of offset subgroups of the wear-resistant element in the mold corresponds to the pair of offset subgroups being arranged in corresponding offset regions, the corresponding offset regions extending along the width of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate and positioned adjacent to the central region on opposite sides of the central region, and wherein The arrangement of the embedded wear-resistant elements in the mold corresponds to a non-uniform arrangement of the wear-resistant elements relative to the width extension of at least one tooth of the formed wear-resistant plate and / or a configuration to have different exposed surface areas, wherein the configuration and arrangement of the wear-resistant elements in the mold, extending longitudinally along at least one tooth, defines the linear density of the wear-resistant elements, which varies with the width extension of the tooth. The plurality of wear-resistant elements embedded in the mold are further constructed and arranged such that the average linear density of the central region is greater than the average linear density of any one of the off-center regions.

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