A raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of alumina production equipment, and more particularly to a raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production. It includes a crushing tank; a telescopic component is installed at the top of the crushing tank, and a crushing structure is installed inside; both sets of crushing structures are penetrated by the telescopic component; the upper crushing structure has a fixed height, while the lower crushing structure moves up and down due to the telescopic component's extension and retraction, forming a specific frequency impact-crushing cycle through the combination of retraction and extension; both sets of crushing structures are configured as a double-layer combination that can rotate as a whole or individually, with one layer containing a crushing end and a first feeding end, and the opposite layer containing a sealing end and a second feeding end for adjustment. This invention, through the sequential coupling of extension and retraction, implements a compression-crushing-scattering cycle of impact on bauxite, combined with spraying and integrated air-blowing unblocking via the sealing component, achieving efficient, energy-saving, and continuous integrated alumina raw material preparation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alumina production equipment, and more particularly to a raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production. Background Technology

[0002] Alumina production uses bauxite as raw material. The core preparation step involves crushing the ore and then subjecting it to high-pressure leaching in a caustic soda solution, allowing alumina to enter the liquid phase. The crushing effect directly determines the leaching efficiency and production cost. Ideally, the crushing process should ensure that the bauxite particles have a sufficiently large specific surface area to guarantee adequate contact and rapid reaction with the caustic soda solution during subsequent leaching. Simultaneously, the particle size should be uniform and controllable to avoid over-crushing, which would lead to a viscous slurry, increased energy consumption, and increased equipment burden. Furthermore, since the leaching process is carried out under high temperature and pressure, if the crushing process can simultaneously preheat and pre-wet the ore, it can significantly reduce heat consumption in subsequent processes, which is crucial for overall energy conservation. However, the raw material for alumina production (bauxite) has high hardness and complex composition, exhibiting both brittleness and toughness, which places high demands on the structural design and process control of the crushing equipment.

[0003] Existing alumina raw material crushing equipment mostly employs conventional mechanical crushing methods such as ball mills, hammer crushers, or double-roll crushers. These devices typically apply only a single squeezing, impact, or grinding force to the material during operation. The action is relatively fixed, and the crushing chamber volume is constant, making it difficult to repeatedly apply dynamic force and agitate the material during the crushing process. This results in insufficient formation of microcracks within the ore particles, limited increase in specific surface area, and consequently, affects subsequent leaching efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the background technology, a raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production is proposed. Through the time-series coupling of extension and springback, a cyclic impact of compression, crushing, and scattering is carried out on bauxite. Combined with spraying and integrated air blowing for unblocking, a highly efficient, energy-saving, and continuous integrated alumina raw material preparation is achieved.

[0005] This invention proposes a crushing mechanism for alumina production raw materials, including a crushing tank. A telescopic component is installed at the top of the crushing tank, and two mirror-image crushing structures are arranged inside. Both crushing structures are penetrated from the center by the telescopic component, dividing the crushing tank into a top feeding chamber, a middle crushing chamber, and a bottom discharging chamber. The feeding chamber is connected to a feeding pipe; the discharging chamber is connected to a discharging pipe. The upper crushing structure has a fixed height, while the lower crushing structure bounces up and down due to the telescopic component's extension and retraction. This bounce and extension work together to form a specific frequency of impact-crushing cycle. Both crushing structures are configured as a double-layer combination that can rotate as a whole or individually. One layer has a crushing end and a first feeding end, while the opposite layer has a sealing end and a second feeding end adjustment layer. Through the bounce of the lower crushing structure and the rotation of the upper and lower crushing layers, the alumina production raw materials are scattered and crushed in the impact-crushing cycle to achieve a crushing effect. The rotation of the upper and lower adjustment layers adjusts the positions of the first and second feeding ends, thereby regulating the opening and closing of the crushing chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the feed chamber of the pulverizer is equipped with a spray frame; the spray frame circulates the pulverizer through the liquid inlet pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the upper crushing structure is provided with a first driving member for the telescopic member to be fixedly passed through; the lower crushing structure is provided with a second driving member for the telescopic member to slide through; the first driving member and the second driving member drive the corresponding crushing layer and adjusting layer to rotate; a spring is provided below the second driving member.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing layer includes a crushing disc; the upper crushing disc is rotatably arranged, with a driving component 1 penetrating its center; the lower crushing disc rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank, with a driving component 2 penetrating its center; a material passage hole 1 and a crushing component are alternately arranged along the circumference on both the upper and lower crushing discs; the crushing component is the crushing end, which is set as a rotatable protruding structure; the material passage hole 1 is the material passage end 1.

[0009] Preferably, the regulating layer includes regulating discs; the upper regulating disc is rotatably mounted, with a driving component 1 penetrating its center; the lower regulating disc rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank, with a driving component 2 penetrating its center; both the upper and lower regulating discs are alternately provided with material passage holes 2 and sealing components along their circumference; the material passage holes 2 and the sealing components rotate to be opposite to or staggered with the corresponding material passage holes 1; the sealing component is the sealing end, which is configured as a retractable structure; the material passage hole 2 is the material passage end 2, and a screen is provided on the material passage hole 2.

[0010] Preferably, the driving component includes an upper driving sleeve and a lower driving sleeve that are fixedly sleeved on the fixed section of the telescopic component; the upper driving sleeve is located at the center of the upper adjusting disc and drives its origin to rotate; the lower driving sleeve is located at the center of the upper crushing disc and drives its origin to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the second driving component includes an upper driving sleeve and a lower driving sleeve that are slidably sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic component; the upper driving sleeve is located at the center of the lower crushing disc and drives its origin to rotate; the lower driving sleeve is located at the center of the lower adjusting disc and drives its origin to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic element is a rubber spring; a base is provided at the bottom of the telescopic section of the telescopic element; the rubber spring is sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic element, with the upper end connected to the lower drive sleeve and the lower end connected to the base.

[0013] Preferably, a drive frame is provided on the outer periphery of both the upper drive sleeve 2 and the lower drive sleeve 1; a support frame corresponding to the drive frame is provided on the outer periphery of the crushing disc; a groove is provided between the drive frame and the support frame; the crushing component includes a crushing roller rotatably disposed in the groove; the two ends of the crushing roller are respectively connected to the support frame and the drive frame, and a reinforcing spike is provided on the roller body; the reinforcing spike is retractable; and a receiving hole for receiving the reinforcing spike is provided on the roller body.

[0014] Preferably, the sealing component includes a sealing seat installed on an upper and lower adjusting plate; the sealing seat is provided with a retractable sealing cover, and an air pump and a drain rod are provided inside the sealing seat; the sealing cover is provided with air holes corresponding to the drain rods; and a one-way valve is provided on the air holes.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention constructs a dynamic impact-crushing cycle within the crushing chamber through the temporal coupling of elasticity and extension. In this cycle, the lower crushing structure, under the alternating action of active compression and passive ejection, drives the material to undergo regular compression, crushing, and tumbling within the chamber. Simultaneously, the rotation of the upper and lower crushing discs and the rotation of the crushing rollers create a multi-angle, multi-layered, three-dimensional force on the alumina production raw materials. This cyclical action of compression cracking-pressure holding crushing-ejection tumbling not only efficiently generates numerous microcracks in the ore particles and significantly increases the specific surface area, but also effectively avoids over-crushing of the material and the formation of equipment dead zones. It achieves loosening and refining of bauxite rather than simple fine grinding, providing an ideal reaction interface for subsequent leaching processes. Meanwhile, during the impact-rolling process, the hot alkaline solution continuously sprayed by the spray frame penetrates into the depths of the newly formed microcracks of the particles in real time, realizing the simultaneous physical crushing and chemical pre-dissolution. This not only weakens the ore strength from the inside and assists in crushing and grinding, but also reduces equipment wear and energy consumption through the lubricating effect of the alkaline solution. In addition, the integrated air blowing and mechanical unblocking functions of the sealing component can help disperse accumulated materials and eliminate dead corners during the crushing process, and efficiently solve the problem of screen blockage during the discharge stage, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of a raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production; Figure 3 A diagram showing the connection between the upper and lower crushing structures; Figure 4 This is a breakdown diagram of the crushing structure above; Figure 5 This is a breakdown diagram of the crushing structure below; Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the crushing component; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing component; Reference numerals: 1. Crushing tank; 101. Discharge pipe; 102. Feed pipe; 103. Liquid inlet pipe; 104. Crushing chamber; 2. Spray frame; 3. Telescopic component; 4. Spring component; 5. Adjusting layer; 501. Adjusting disc; 502. Feeding hole two; 503. Sealing component; 50301. Sealing seat; 50302. Sealing cover; 50303. Air hole; 50304. Unblocking rod; 50305. Air pump; 6. Crushing layer; 601. Crushing disc; 60101. Crushing roller; 60102. Reinforcing spike; 602. Feeding hole one; 603. Crushing component; 7. Drive component one; 701. Lower drive sleeve one; 702. Upper drive sleeve one; 8. Drive component two; 801. Upper drive sleeve two; 802. Lower drive sleeve two; 9. Base. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1: This invention proposes a raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, the device includes a grinding tank 1; a telescopic component 3 is installed on the top of the grinding tank 1, and a grinding structure arranged in a mirror image, one above the other, is installed inside; both grinding structures are penetrated through the center by the telescopic component 3, and the two grinding structures divide the grinding tank 1 into a top feeding chamber, a middle grinding chamber 104, and a bottom discharging chamber; the feeding chamber is connected to a feeding pipe 102; the discharging chamber is connected to a discharging pipe 101; the upper grinding structure has a fixed height, and the lower grinding structure bounces up and down due to the extension and retraction of the telescopic component 3. Through the combination of bouncing and extension, a specific frequency of impact is formed. Impact-crushing cycle; both sets of crushing structures are set as a double-layer combination that can be rotated as a whole or individually. The opposite layer is set with a crushing end and a first feeding end 6, and the opposite layer is set with a blocking end and a second feeding end adjustment layer 5. By the springing of the lower crushing structure and the rotation of the upper and lower crushing layers 6, the alumina production raw materials are scattered and crushed in the impact-crushing cycle to achieve the crushing effect. By rotating the upper and lower adjustment layers 5, the positions of the first feeding end and the second feeding end are adjusted to adjust the opening and closing of the crushing chamber 104.

[0018] It should be further explained that the feed chamber of the crushing tank 1 is equipped with a spray frame 2; the spray frame 2 circulates the crushing agent through the liquid inlet pipe 103. The grinding aid is a hot alkaline solution. During crushing, the sprayed alkaline solution seeps into the newly formed micro-cracks of the particles, pre-wetting them and initiating a slight pre-dissolution. This not only achieves the effect of chemical grinding, but more importantly, due to the lubricating effect of the alkaline solution, it reduces equipment wear and ensures that the crushed slurry has a certain temperature, directly saving energy for the subsequent leaching process.

[0019] It should be further explained that the upper crushing structure is provided with a drive component 1 7 for the telescopic component 3 to be fixedly passed through; the lower crushing structure is provided with a drive component 2 8 for the telescopic component 3 to slide through; the drive component 1 7 and the drive component 2 8 drive the corresponding crushing layer 6 and adjusting layer 5 to rotate; a spring component 4 is provided below the drive component 2 8.

[0020] The drive unit 7 and drive unit 8 are connected in series by the telescopic component 3, so that the upper and lower crushing structures form a dynamic crushing chamber 104 to dynamically crush the raw materials for alumina production.

[0021] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the crushing layer 6 includes a crushing disc 601; the upper crushing disc 601 is rotatably arranged, and its center is penetrated by a driving component 7; the lower crushing disc 601 rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank 1, and its center is penetrated by a driving component 8; both the upper and lower crushing discs 601 are alternately provided with a material passage hole 602 and a crushing component 603 along the circumference.

[0022] It should be further explained that the crushing part 603 is the crushing end, which is set as a rotatable protrusion structure.

[0023] It should be further explained that the feed hole 602 is the feed end 1.

[0024] The core objective of pulverizing raw materials for alumina production is to increase the specific surface area of ​​bauxite, allowing the ore particles to come into more thorough contact with the caustic soda solution during the subsequent "leaching" process, thus accelerating the chemical reaction. It's not simply about achieving finer particles, but rather about improving reaction efficiency. In this invention, when the upper and lower pulverizing discs 601 approach each other, the rotating and pressing upper and lower pulverizing components 603 apply force to the alumina production raw materials within the pulverizing chamber 104, causing cracks and loosening, rather than simply pulverizing.

[0025] like Figures 4-5As shown, the regulating layer 5 includes an regulating disc 501; the upper regulating disc 501 is rotatably mounted, with its center penetrated by a driving component 7; the lower regulating disc 501 rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank 1, with its center penetrated by a driving component 8. Both the upper and lower regulating discs 501 are alternately provided with a feed passage hole 502 and a sealing component 503 along their circumference; the feed passage hole 502 and the sealing component 503, through rotation, are opposite to or staggered with the corresponding feed passage hole 602.

[0026] It should be further explained that the sealing component 503 is the sealing end, which is designed to be retractable.

[0027] It should be further explained that the feed passage 2 502 is the feed end 2, and a screen is installed on the feed passage 2 502.

[0028] When the sealing component 503 is aligned with the first feed hole 602, the crushing chamber 104 is sealed to prevent dust and particles from overflowing during the crushing process. Feed is introduced when the upper feed hole 502 is aligned with the first feed hole 602, and discharged when the lower feed hole 502 is aligned with the first feed hole 602. The material is then screened through a sieve, ensuring that only qualified raw material particles pass through.

[0029] It should be further explained that the driving component 7 includes an upper driving sleeve 702 and a lower driving sleeve 701 that are fixedly sleeved on the fixed section of the telescopic component 3; the upper driving sleeve 702 is located at the center of the upper adjusting disk 501 and drives its origin to rotate; the lower driving sleeve 701 is located at the center of the upper crushing disk 601 and drives its origin to rotate.

[0030] It should be further explained that the driving component 2 8 includes an upper driving sleeve 2 801 and a lower driving sleeve 2 802 that are slidably sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic component 3; the upper driving sleeve 2 801 is located at the center of the lower crushing disc 601 and drives its origin to rotate; the lower driving sleeve 2 802 is located at the center of the lower adjusting disc 501 and drives its origin to rotate.

[0031] Driven by drive component 7 and drive component 8, the upper and lower crushing discs 601 and the adjusting disc 501 can rotate as a whole or independently, enabling the switching of feeding, discharging and crushing modes, making the crushing process smoother and more efficient.

[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the spring 4 is a rubber spring; the bottom of the telescopic section of the telescopic component 3 is provided with a base 9; the rubber spring is sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic component 3, and the upper end is connected to the lower drive sleeve 802, and the lower end is connected to the base 9.

[0033] The telescopic component 3 is specifically a hydraulic cylinder. When the telescopic section of the telescopic component 3 moves up and down, it drives the base 9 to move synchronously. The base 9 pushes the crushing structure below to move up and down, thereby dynamically adjusting the size of the crushing chamber 104. At the same time, the rubber spring deforms under force, causing the crushing structure below to bounce up and down, ultimately forming dynamic crushing. In the specific working process, the spring's bounce and the active extension and retraction of the telescopic component can be coordinated in sequence to form an impact-crushing cycle of a specific frequency.

[0034] like Figures 4-5 , Figure 7 As shown, drive frames are provided on the outer periphery of both the upper drive sleeve 801 and the lower drive sleeve 701; support frames corresponding to the drive frames are provided on the outer periphery of the crushing disc 601; a groove is provided between the drive frames and the support frames. The crushing component 603 includes a crushing roller 60101 rotatably disposed in the groove; the two ends of the crushing roller 60101 are respectively connected to the support frame and the drive frame, and reinforcing spikes 60102 are provided on the roller body.

[0035] It should be further explained that the reinforced spike 60102 is retractable; the roller body is provided with a storage hole for storing the reinforced spike 60102.

[0036] The upper and lower crushing discs 601 are brought close together, compressing the crushing chamber 104. The crushing roller 60101 rotates, and the crushing disc 601 rotates. The rotation direction can be the same up and down or opposite. The alumina production raw materials are further subjected to force in a humid and compressed environment and are rapidly crushed. The reinforcing spikes 60102 can further cause the raw materials to crack and disperse, promoting their subsequent dissolution.

[0037] like Figure 8 As shown, the sealing component 503 includes a sealing seat 50301 installed on the upper and lower adjustment plate 501; a retractable sealing cover 50302 is provided on the sealing seat 50301, and an air pump 50305 and a drain rod 50304 are provided inside the sealing seat 50301; the sealing cover 50302 is provided with air holes 50303 corresponding to the drain rod 50304.

[0038] It should be further noted that a one-way valve is installed on the vent 50303.

[0039] When it is necessary to seal the inlet and outlet of the crushing chamber 104, the sealing member 503 is adjusted to be opposite to the material passage 602, and the sealing cover 50302 extends into the material passage 602 and forms a plane with it, allowing the crushing member 603 to move and crush. Air is blown out from above and below the crushing chamber 104 to disperse the accumulated raw materials, assisting in the crushing of the raw materials. The lower sealing member 503 can also be opposite the screen, and the extension and retraction of the unblocking rod 50304 can disperse the coarse particles clogging the screen.

[0040] Example 2: Based on the alumina production raw material crushing mechanism in the above examples, this example proposes a method for crushing alumina production raw materials, with the following steps: S1. Initialize the equipment and establish a sealed crushing chamber: Start the hydraulic cylinder to retract its telescopic section, which drives the entire crushing structure below to move upward via the base 9. At this time, the rubber spring below is slightly compressed, generating a pre-tightening force. Simultaneously, the control system drives the upper and lower adjusting discs 501 to rotate, causing all the sealing covers 50302 to extend and be completely aligned with and embedded in the corresponding material passage holes 602, forming a tight physical seal. At this time, the crushing chamber 104 is completely isolated from the feeding chamber and the discharging chamber, establishing a moderately sized, dynamically variable, sealed crushing environment. S2. Quantitative Feeding and Alkali Spray Pre-wetting: The control system drives the upper regulating plate 501 and the crushing plate 601 to rotate relative to each other, so that the material passage hole 502 on the upper regulating plate 501 and the material passage hole 602 on the crushing plate 601 are completely aligned. The alumina production raw material (bauxite) enters the feeding chamber through the feeding pipe 102 and falls into the crushing chamber 104 under the action of gravity through the interconnected material passage holes 502 and 602. At the same time as feeding, the spray frame 2 continuously sprays hot alkali solution onto the falling material through the liquid inlet pipe 103. The hot alkali solution quickly wets the surface of the ore particles and penetrates along the natural or newly formed micro-cracks of the particles, causing a weak pre-dissolution reaction, which not only plays a role in chemical grinding but also prepares for subsequent dynamic crushing due to its lubricity. S3. Closing the feed inlet and establishing the initial impact-crushing state: After the single feed amount reaches the preset value, the upper adjusting plate 501 is driven to rotate again, causing the sealing part 503 to rotate to the position directly opposite the material passage 602. The sealing cover 50302 extends and embeds into the material passage 602, flush with the upper surface of the crushing plate 601, thereby cutting off the feed channel and completely separating the feeding and crushing conditions. At this time, the upper crushing structure is fixed in position, and the lower crushing structure, under the active pushing of the hydraulic cylinder and the support of the rubber spring, maintains an initial spacing between the upper and lower crushing structures filled with material, preparing for the impact-crushing cycle; S4. Drive the grinding discs to rotate and establish a multi-body dynamic grinding field: Start drive component 7 and drive component 8 to drive the upper grinding disc 601 and the lower grinding disc 601 to rotate (the rotation direction is set to opposite). During the rotation, the grinding roller 60101 installed on the grinding disc 601 rotates in the groove. At this point, a dynamic grinding field with dual rotational shearing and rolling crushing capabilities is formed in the grinding chamber 104, and the material begins to be thrown, tumbled and initially sheared under the drive of the rotating discs; S5. Implement the impact-crushing cycle to complete the material's scattering and compaction: While the crushing disc 601 continues to rotate, the extension and retraction sections of the hydraulic cylinder actively extend and retract according to a set sequence, driving the base 9 and the crushing structure below to reciprocate up and down. During this process, the elastic deformation of the rubber spring and the active extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder are precisely coordinated in timing. Impact (compression) stroke: Under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the base 9 quickly pushes the lower crushing structure upward, compressing the volume of the crushing chamber 104. The upper and lower crushing discs 601 quickly approach each other, exerting strong pressure and impact on the alumina production raw materials in the chamber. At this time, the counter-rotating crushing discs 601 drive the crushing rollers 60101 to crush the material under high pressure. The reinforcing spikes 60102 on the roller body extend under pressure, piercing into the surface of the ore particles and forcibly generating a large number of micro-cracks; Compaction (holding) stroke: After compression to the desired level, the hydraulic cylinder briefly holds the pressure while the rubber spring is compressed and stores energy. During this stage, the material is subjected to continuous static pressure and dynamic shear force, achieving maximum compaction and crack propagation; Throwing (Rebound) Stroke: Under the action of the hydraulic cylinder, the rubber spring instantly releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the crushing structure below to bounce at a certain frequency, throwing and tumbling the material in the compression chamber upwards and outwards. The suspended material is subjected to shearing by the rotating crushing disc and rolling crushing by the crushing rollers during the fall back; The control system can intermittently activate the air pump 50305 inside the sealing seat 50301. Compressed air is injected from the top and bottom of the crushing chamber 104 into the material accumulated inside through the air hole 50303 with a one-way valve on the sealing cover 50302. This high-pressure airflow can blow away the material that has adhered to the surface of the crushing disc 601 or crushing roller 60101 due to compression, causing it to resuspend; the high-pressure gas rushes in instantly along the newly formed micro-cracks generated by the crushing of the material, applying tensile stress from the inside, accelerating the cracking and loosening of the particles; during the throwing stroke, the airflow, in conjunction with the ejection action of the crushing structure below, throws the material more evenly throughout the crushing chamber 104, avoiding crushing dead corners; The active extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder and the passive movement of the rubber spring form a periodic cycle in time, namely the impact-rolling cycle at a specific frequency. In this cycle, the material is repeatedly subjected to forced compression, rolling cracking and scattering dispersion, achieving a more efficient "loosening and refining" than simple crushing, and significantly increasing the specific surface area and microcrack density of bauxite; S6. Real-time Chemical Penetration and Assisted Grinding of Microcracks: Throughout the impact-rolling cycle, the spray frame 2 continuously sprays hot alkaline solution. Due to the repeated impact, rolling, and scattering in step five, new microcracks are constantly generated in the ore particles. The alkaline solution, in a humid and hot state, continuously and in real-time penetrates into the depths of these constantly generated microcracks under capillary action, performing deep pre-dissolution. This synergy of physical force application and chemical corrosion not only weakens the ore strength from the inside and assists grinding, but also the lubricating effect of the alkaline solution significantly reduces the frictional resistance between the crushing disc 601 and the material, and between the crushing roller 60101 and the material, reducing equipment wear and energy consumption. S7. Open the discharge channel and achieve qualified screening and discharge: After the preset crushing-pre-dissolving cycle is completed, the hydraulic cylinder acts to keep the lower crushing structure at its lowest position, expanding the volume of the crushing chamber 104. At the same time, it drives the lower adjusting plate 501 to rotate, so that its feed hole 2 502 is completely aligned with the lower feed hole 1 602. At this time, the crushed and pre-dissolved slurry is screened by the screen set on the lower feed hole 2 502 under the action of gravity. The slurry with qualified particle size (qualified specific surface area) flows into the discharge chamber and is finally discharged from the discharge pipe 101 to enter the subsequent formal dissolving process. Coarse particles that do not pass through the screen are intercepted in the crushing chamber 104; S8. Discharge coarse particles and prepare for the next cycle: If the amount of coarse particles retained on the screen reaches a preset threshold, the lower sealing cover 50302 is extended to face the material passage 602, briefly sealing the discharge port. Then, the air pump 50305 inside the sealing seat 50301 is turned on, and high-pressure gas is ejected through the air hole 50303 and the one-way valve. Simultaneously, the extension and retraction of the unblocking rod 50304 disperses the coarse particles clogged on the screen and throws them back into the crushing chamber 104. Then, the discharge state of step seven is restored, allowing fine particles to continue to be discharged. After all material is discharged, the equipment automatically enters the next working cycle (returning to step two), achieving continuous and efficient integrated crushing and pre-dissolution processing of alumina production raw materials.

[0041] This method employs a time-coupling mechanism of active impact from hydraulic cylinders and passive ejection from rubber springs to perform a cyclical impact on bauxite within a sealed cavity, involving "compression cracking - pressure-holding rolling - ejection and tumbling." Simultaneously, a rotating crushing disc and self-rotating crushing rollers provide continuous shearing and crushing, while real-time spraying of hot alkaline solution achieves a deep synergy between chemical corrosion and physical crack propagation. Ultimately, this not only efficiently increases the specific surface area of ​​the ore but also completes pre-leaching and preheating, resulting in significant energy savings for subsequent processes.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A raw material crushing mechanism for alumina production, characterized in that, The device includes a crushing tank (1); a telescopic component (3) is provided on the top of the crushing tank (1), and a crushing structure arranged in a mirror image with one above the other is provided inside; both crushing structures are penetrated through the center by the telescopic component (3), and the two crushing structures divide the crushing tank (1) into a feeding chamber at the top, a crushing chamber (104) in the middle, and a discharge chamber at the bottom; the feeding chamber is connected to the feeding pipe (102); the discharge chamber is connected to the discharge pipe (101); the upper crushing structure has a fixed height, and the lower crushing structure moves up and down by the telescopic component (3), and through the combination of movement and telescopic, a specific frequency impact-crushing cycle is formed; Both sets of crushing structures are set as a double-layer combination that can be rotated as a whole and individually. The opposite layer is set with a crushing end and a first feeding end (6), and the opposite layer is set with a blocking end and a second feeding end (5). By the springing of the lower crushing structure and the rotation of the upper and lower crushing layers (6), the raw materials for alumina production are scattered and crushed in the impact-crushing cycle to achieve the crushing effect. By the rotation of the upper and lower adjustment layers (5), the positions of the first feeding end and the second feeding end are adjusted to adjust the opening and closing of the crushing chamber (104).

2. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed chamber of the pulverizer (1) is equipped with a spray rack (2); the spray rack (2) circulates the pulverizer through the liquid inlet pipe (103).

3. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper crushing structure is provided with a drive component 1 (7) through which the telescopic component (3) is fixed; the lower crushing structure is provided with a drive component 2 (8) through which the telescopic component (3) slides; the drive component 1 (7) and the drive component 2 (8) drive the corresponding crushing layer (6) and adjusting layer (5) to rotate; a spring component (4) is provided below the drive component 2 (8).

4. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing layer (6) includes a crushing disc (601); the upper crushing disc (601) is rotatably set and its center is penetrated by a driving component (7); the lower crushing disc (601) rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank (1) and its center is penetrated by a driving component (8).

5. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper and lower crushing discs (601) are alternately provided with a material passage hole (602) and a crushing component (603) along the circumference. The crushing component (603) is the crushing end, and is configured as a rotatable protrusion structure; The feed hole one (602) is the feed end one.

6. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment layer (5) includes an adjustment plate (501); the upper adjustment plate (501) is rotatably set and its center is penetrated by a driving component (7); the lower adjustment plate (501) rotates while sliding up and down along the inner wall of the crushing tank (1) and its center is penetrated by a driving component (8).

7. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper and lower adjustment plates (501) are alternately provided with material passage holes 2 (502) and sealing parts (503) along the circumference; the material passage holes 2 (502) and sealing parts (503) are rotated to be opposite to or staggered with the corresponding material passage holes 1 (602); The sealing component (503) is the sealing end, and is designed to be retractable. The second feeding hole (502) is the second feeding end, and a screen is installed on the second feeding hole (502).

8. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive component 1 (7) includes an upper drive sleeve 1 (702) and a lower drive sleeve 1 (701) that are fixedly sleeved on the fixed section of the telescopic component (3); the upper drive sleeve 1 (702) is located at the center of the upper adjustment disc (501) and drives its origin to rotate; the lower drive sleeve 1 (701) is located at the center of the upper crushing disc (601) and drives its origin to rotate.

9. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second driving component (8) includes an upper driving sleeve (801) and a lower driving sleeve (802) that are slidably sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic component (3); the upper driving sleeve (801) is located at the center of the lower crushing disc (601) and drives its origin to rotate; the lower driving sleeve (802) is located at the center of the lower adjusting disc (501) and drives its origin to rotate.

10. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, The spring (4) is a rubber spring; the bottom of the telescopic section of the telescopic component (3) is provided with a base (9); the rubber spring is sleeved on the telescopic section of the telescopic component (3), and the upper end is connected to the lower drive sleeve (802), and the lower end is connected to the base (9).

11. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that, A drive frame is provided on the outer periphery of both the upper drive sleeve 2 (801) and the lower drive sleeve 1 (701); a support frame corresponding to the drive frame is provided on the outer periphery of the crushing disc (601); a groove is provided between the drive frame and the support frame. The crushing component (603) includes a crushing roller (60101) rotatably disposed in a groove; the two ends of the crushing roller (60101) are respectively connected to a support frame and a drive frame, and the roller body is provided with reinforcing spikes (60102). The reinforcing spike (60102) is retractable; the roller body is provided with a storage hole for storing the reinforcing spike (60102).

12. The alumina production raw material crushing mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing component (503) includes a sealing seat (50301) installed on the upper and lower adjustment plate (501); the sealing seat (50301) is provided with a retractable sealing cover (50302), and the sealing seat (50301) is provided with an air pump (50305) and a drain rod (50304); the sealing cover (50302) is provided with air holes (50303) that correspond one-to-one with the drain rod (50304); A one-way valve is installed on the air vent (50303).

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