Automobile axle part intelligent machining device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobile shaft part machining, in particular to an intelligent automobile shaft part machining device. The device comprises a base, a numerical control three-axis driving frame and a drilling assembly. The drilling assembly is provided with a collecting cylinder, a sealing door, a fixing block, a fixing column, a rotating shaft, a drill bit and a lifting cylinder. A driving unit is arranged at the upper end of an expanding section, and an air pump is arranged at the outer side. The air-driven telescopic unit drives a compression ring to spiral downward, cooperates with a radial rod through a spiral groove, stops the rotation of the compression ring and makes the compression ring descend, the fixing block is inserted into a radial groove, and a vertical groove is connected with a feeding channel and the inside of the collecting cylinder. After the lifting cylinder goes up, the air-driven telescopic unit is connected with the air pump through a linkage valve group. In the drilling process, the debris collecting, compaction, compression ring resetting and self-cleaning processes are automatically completed in linkage, manual intervention is not needed, the labor intensity of the operators is greatly reduced, and the consistency of batch processing and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive axle parts processing technology, specifically to an intelligent processing device for automotive axle parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive manufacturing industry, shaft parts, as core components for power transmission and load bearing, directly affect the performance and reliability of the entire vehicle through their machining accuracy and efficiency. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, the demand for drilling of shaft parts is increasing, especially for radial holes in critical components such as camshafts. This requires not only high hole position accuracy and good surface quality, but also high efficiency and safety in the machining process. Traditional shaft part drilling often uses automated equipment. During drilling, the high-speed rotation of the drill bit generates a large amount of metal chips. These chips have high velocity and kinetic energy, and in an open machining environment, they are easily scattered in all directions. This scattering not only severely pollutes the working environment, increasing the difficulty and time cost of subsequent cleanup, but also may scratch the skin or eyes of operators, and even damage the surface of surrounding precision equipment, posing significant safety hazards and equipment damage risks. Furthermore, the scattering of chips on the workbench and floor wastes metal materials and may interfere with the normal operation of subsequent machining processes.

[0003] To address the issue of flying debris, some existing technologies employ simple protective covers or baffles. However, these measures often offer only limited protection and fail to effectively collect the debris. Furthermore, the installation and removal of these covers occupy additional operating space, impacting the flexibility and convenience of the processing. Simultaneously, if the high-temperature debris generated during drilling is not collected and cooled promptly, it may sinter or adhere in the collection area, further increasing the difficulty of cleaning. On the other hand, the collected debris is typically loose and bulky, occupying significant storage space and increasing the cost of subsequent transportation and recycling.

[0004] Shaft-type parts typically have cylindrical surfaces, while the contact area between the drill bit and the workpiece surface during drilling is curved. This geometric characteristic presents unique challenges for sealing and debris collection during the machining process. Rigid sealing structures struggle to adapt to the changing shape of the shaft's outer surface, failing to create an effective debris flow path and resulting in low debris collection efficiency. Furthermore, the continuous drill feed requires the debris collection structure to dynamically adjust accordingly. However, existing collection devices often lack self-adaptive capabilities, failing to maintain a stable collection gap and airflow path during drill feed, thus affecting the continuity and reliability of debris collection.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design an intelligent processing device that can automate drilling, effectively collect and compact debris, and facilitate debris discharge, so as to improve processing efficiency, ensure operational safety, improve the working environment, and reduce debris handling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent processing device for automotive axle parts that can effectively collect the generated debris during the drilling process and compact the collected debris for easy removal and storage.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0008] A smart machining device for automotive shaft parts includes a base, on which a CNC three-axis drive frame is mounted. A drilling assembly is mounted on the CNC three-axis drive frame. The drilling assembly includes a collecting cylinder with a detachable and sealed sealing door on one side. A flared section is integrally formed at the upper end of the collecting cylinder. A fixing block is fixed to one side inside the collecting cylinder, and a vertical hole concentric with the collecting cylinder is formed within the fixing block. A fixing column concentric with the collecting cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the fixing block, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected concentrically within the fixing column. A drive unit connected to the rotating shaft is mounted at the upper end of the flared section. A drill bit is detachably and fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft. A lifting cylinder is elastically slidably arranged in the lower part of the vertical hole, with the lower end of the drill bit located inside the lifting cylinder. An air pump is fixed to the outside of the collecting cylinder, with the air inlet of the air pump communicating with the collecting cylinder. A pneumatically driven telescopic unit is provided at the upper end of the flared section. The piston rod of the pneumatic telescopic unit is rotatably connected to the pressure ring. The pressure ring is concentrically mounted on the fixed post. A radial groove is provided on one side of the pressure ring, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer side of the fixed post. The lower end of the spiral groove is connected to the vertical groove on the outer side of the fixed post. A radial rod is elastically slidably provided on the inner edge of the pressure ring. The radial rod is located in the spiral groove. After the pressure ring spirals downward, it can stop rotating and continue downward. During the process of the pressure ring stopping rotating and moving downward, the fixed block is inserted into the radial groove of the pressure ring. An inverted V-shaped feeding channel is provided on the upper part of the fixed block. The lower end of the vertical groove is connected to the feeding channel. The feeding channel connects the vertical hole and the inside of the collecting cylinder. A guide slope is provided on the fixed block on one side of the feeding channel. The guide slope is located below the vertical groove. The lifting cylinder is connected to the pneumatic telescopic unit through a linkage valve group. After the lifting cylinder moves upward, the pneumatic telescopic unit is connected to the air outlet of the air pump.

[0009] Specifically, the CNC three-axis drive frame includes a first electric slide rail fixed on both sides of the base, a gantry fixed on the sliding part of the first electric slide rail, a second electric slide rail fixed on the upper end of the gantry, a third electric slide rail fixed on the sliding part of the second electric slide rail, a mounting base fixed on the sliding part of the third electric slide rail, a collecting cylinder fixed on the mounting base, and the drive motors of the first, second, and third electric slide rails electrically connected to the controller. The controller is electrically connected to the control panel, and a clamping assembly is provided on the base.

[0010] Specifically, the drive unit includes an upper motor fixed to the upper end of the flared section, a first gear concentrically fixed on the output shaft of the upper motor, and a second gear concentrically fixed on the upper end of the rotating shaft. The first gear and the second gear are connected by a chain drive.

[0011] Specifically, a ring pipe is fixed on the outside of the collecting cylinder, and multiple arc-shaped cavities are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the collecting cylinder. The arc-shaped cavities are connected to the ring pipe, and an arc-shaped filter plate is fixed inside the arc-shaped cavity. The ring pipe is connected to the air inlet end of the air pump, and a first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the air pump.

[0012] Specifically, the linkage valve assembly includes a vertical plate fixed to one side of the lifting cylinder. A guide slope is machined on the upper end of the vertical plate. The vertical plate is slidably disposed in a groove at the lower end of a fixed block. An exhaust port is provided on the fixed block. One end of the exhaust port is connected to the outside of the collection cylinder. A first connecting pipe is connected to one side of the exhaust port. A second connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the other side of the exhaust port. The second connecting pipe is connected to the pneumatic telescopic unit. An inclined block is elastically and slidably sealed inside the exhaust port. The inclined surface of the inclined block is in contact with the guide slope. The sliding direction of the inclined block is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the vertical plate. A through hole is provided on the inclined block. After the inclined block moves away from the lifting cylinder, the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe are connected through the through hole.

[0013] Specifically, the inclined block and the fixed block are connected by a second spring, the lifting cylinder and the fixed block are connected by a first spring, and the radial rod and the pressure ring are connected by a fourth spring.

[0014] Specifically, the pneumatic telescopic unit includes a piston cylinder fixed to the upper end of the flared section, a piston rod slidably and sealed inside the piston cylinder, the upper end of the piston rod being connected to the upper end of the flared section via a third spring, a second connecting pipe communicating with the upper end of the piston cylinder, and a pressure valve being installed on the second connecting pipe.

[0015] Specifically, the upper end of the fixed block is provided with an inclined guide surface.

[0016] Specifically, the upper end of the pressure ring is rotatably provided with an inverted C-shaped connecting seat, the opening of the connecting seat faces the radial groove, the lower end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the upper end surface of the connecting seat is an inclined surface.

[0017] Specifically, the inner wall of the collection cylinder has a vertical cavity, and a vertical filter plate is fixed inside the vertical cavity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. By setting up a lifting cylinder, the lifting cylinder always surrounds the outside of the drill bit during the drilling process, forming a dynamic protective barrier to prevent the debris generated by high-speed rotation cutting from flying in all directions. This fundamentally eliminates the safety hazards of debris scratching operators and damaging surrounding equipment, while significantly improving the cleanliness of the working environment and reducing the workload of subsequent cleaning and maintenance.

[0020] 2. Utilizing the suction effect of an air pump, external air continuously flows in through the gap between the lower end of the lifting cylinder and the cylindrical surface of the shaft-like part. This airflow carries debris sequentially through vertical holes and an inverted V-shaped feed channel into the collection cylinder, where an arc-shaped filter plate effectively intercepts the debris. This airflow path design is rationally configured to adapt to the cylindrical shape of the shaft-like part, ensuring continuous and efficient debris collection throughout the drilling process.

[0021] 3. The upward movement of the lifting cylinder is linked to the air path switching of the pneumatic telescopic unit via a linkage valve group. When the drill bit feeds and the lifting cylinder moves upward relative to the drill bit, the air path is automatically switched so that the airflow output by the air pump drives the piston rod downward, which in turn drives the pressure ring to squeeze and compact the debris in the collection cylinder. This process is entirely triggered by the drilling feed action of the equipment itself, without the need for additional independent drive components or extra control programs. It has a compact structure, is easy to control, and has low energy consumption.

[0022] 4. A spiral groove and a vertical groove are provided on the outside of the fixed column. These, along with the radial rod on the inner edge of the pressure ring, allow the pressure ring to rotate downwards under the drive of the piston rod, then stop rotating and remain vertically inserted into the cavity formed by the collecting cylinder and the fixed block at a specific angle. The limiting and guiding function of the vertical groove ensures that the fixed block can accurately penetrate the radial groove of the pressure ring, avoiding interference and collision between the pressure ring and the fixed block, and ensuring the smoothness and reliability of the compaction action.

[0023] 5. As the pressure ring moves downwards, it compresses the loose debris inside the collection cylinder into dense blocks. The debris blocks compressed by the pressure ring, the fixed block, and the inner wall of the collection cylinder are inverted C-shaped. The volume of the compressed debris blocks is significantly reduced, saving storage space inside the collection cylinder and preventing secondary pollution caused by debris scattering when the sealed door is opened. The inverted C-shaped shape of the debris blocks makes them easy to remove from the collection cylinder as a whole, significantly reducing the difficulty of debris cleaning and discharge.

[0024] 6. When the pressure ring returns to its original position carrying debris from the top surface, the connecting seat prevents the debris from falling into the vertical hole. When the pressure ring moves to the flared section, the radial rod enters the spiral groove to rotate the pressure ring. Centrifugal force causes the debris on the top surface of the pressure ring to slide off automatically and fall into the lower end of the collection cylinder through the gap between the flared section and the pressure ring. This achieves self-cleaning of the pressure ring surface and avoids the accumulation of debris on the top surface of the pressure ring, which would affect the subsequent compaction effect.

[0025] 7. An inclined guide surface is provided at the upper end of the fixed block so that falling or sliding debris can flow smoothly downward along the inclined surface, avoiding debris accumulation in the top platform area of ​​the fixed block, preventing debris accumulation from interfering with the subsequent downward rotation of the pressure ring, and improving the operational reliability and service life of the device.

[0026] 8. A vertical cavity is opened in the inner wall of the collection cylinder and a vertical filter plate is installed. During the process of the pressure ring pressing down or resetting up, the vertical cavity can connect the spaces on the upper and lower sides of the pressure ring, maintain the air pressure balance on both sides, avoid the air pressure resistance caused by the pressure ring moving like a "piston", ensure that the pressure ring moves smoothly and unobstructed in the collection cylinder, and further ensure the stability of the compaction and resetting actions.

[0027] 9. By cooperating with the CNC three-axis drive frame and controller, the drill bit can be accurately positioned and automatically fed in the X, Y and Z axes for drilling. At the same time, the processes of chip collection, compaction, pressure ring reset and self-cleaning during drilling are all completed automatically without manual intervention, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of operators and improves the consistency and production efficiency of batch processing. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling assembly.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air pump on the outside of the collection cylinder.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the drilling assembly.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the lifting cylinder.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatically driven telescopic unit.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the vertical plate and the inclined block.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the inclined block.

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure in which the inclined block is slidably set inside the exhaust vent.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the radial rod and the helical groove fitting together.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the fixed block in the collection cylinder.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram to guide the inclined plane.

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the guide surface at the upper end of the fixed block.

[0041] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the connecting seat and the piston rod.

[0042] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lower end of the spiral groove and the upper end of the vertical groove.

[0043] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the pressure ring and the connecting seat.

[0044] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the radial rod on the pressure ring.

[0045] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the lifting cylinder and the vertical plate.

[0046] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed block passing through a radial groove.

[0047] The components in the attached diagram are named as follows: 1. Base; 2. First electric slide rail; 3. Gantry; 4. Second electric slide rail; 5. Third electric slide rail; 6. Mounting base; 7. Collection cylinder; 8. Flared section; 9. Sealing door; 10. Fixing block; 11. Vertical hole; 12. Feed channel; 13. Guide slope; 14. Air pump; 15. Ring pipe; 16. Arc-shaped cavity; 17. Arc-shaped filter plate; 18. Upper motor; 19. First gear; 20. Chain; 21. Second gear; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. Drill bit; 24. Lifting cylinder; 25. 26. First spring; 27. Vertical plate; 28. Guide slope; 29. ​​Slide groove; 20. Exhaust port; 31. Inclined block; 32. Through hole; 33. Second spring; 34. First connecting pipe; 35. Second connecting pipe; 36. Pressure valve; 37. Piston cylinder; 38. Piston rod; 49. Third spring; 40. Connecting seat; 41. Pressure ring; 42. Radial rod; 43. Fourth spring; 44. Fixed column; 45. Spiral groove; 46. Vertical groove; 47. Guide surface; 48. Vertical cavity; 49. Vertical filter plate; 40. Radial groove. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, an intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts includes a base 1, on which a CNC three-axis drive frame is mounted, and a drilling assembly is mounted on the CNC three-axis drive frame.

[0050] The CNC three-axis drive frame includes a first electric slide rail 2 fixed on both sides of the base 1, a gantry 3 fixed on the sliding part of the first electric slide rail 2, a second electric slide rail 4 fixed on the upper end of the gantry 3, a third electric slide rail 5 fixed on the sliding part of the second electric slide rail 4, a mounting base 6 fixed on the sliding part of the third electric slide rail 5, and a collection cylinder 7 fixed on the mounting base 6. The drive motors of the first electric slide rail 2, the second electric slide rail 4, and the third electric slide rail 5 are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the control panel.

[0051] A clamping component is provided on the base 1.

[0052] The axle parts of the automobile are placed on the upper part of the base 1 and clamped and fixed by the clamping assembly on the upper part of the base 1. The CNC three-axis drive frame can drive the drilling assembly to move in the X, Y and Z axis directions, thereby moving the drilling assembly to the designated position.

[0053] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the drilling assembly includes a collection cylinder 7, and a sealing door 9 is detachably and securely connected to one side of the collection cylinder 7. Opening the sealing door 9 allows debris to be discharged from the collection cylinder 7.

[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the upper end of the collection cylinder 7 is integrally formed with a flared section 8. A fixing block 10 is fixed inside the collection cylinder 7 on one side. A vertical hole 11 concentric with the collection cylinder 7 is opened in the fixing block 10. A fixing column 42 concentric with the collection cylinder 7 is fixed at the upper end of the fixing block 10. A rotating shaft 22 is rotatably connected concentrically inside the fixing column 42. A drive unit connected to the rotating shaft 22 is installed at the upper end of the flared section 8.

[0055] The drive unit includes an upper motor 18 fixed to the upper end of the flared section 8. A first gear 19 is concentrically fixed on the output shaft of the upper motor 18, and a second gear 21 is concentrically fixed on the upper end of the rotating shaft 22. The first gear 19 and the second gear 21 are connected by a chain 20. After the upper motor 18 is started, the rotating shaft 22 can rotate.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a drill bit 23 is detachably and fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating shaft 22, and the drill bit 23 rotates accordingly when the rotating shaft 22 rotates. A lifting cylinder 24 is elastically slidably disposed inside the lower part of the vertical hole 11. Furthermore, the lifting cylinder 24 is connected to the fixed block 10 by a first spring 25, and the lower end of the drill bit 23 is located inside the lifting cylinder 24. As the sliding part of the third electric slide rail 5 drives the collecting cylinder 7 to descend, the lifting cylinder 24 descends accordingly. When the lower end of the lifting cylinder 24 contacts the axle parts of the automobile, as the collecting cylinder 7 continues to descend, the lifting cylinder 24 rises relative to the collecting cylinder 7, and the first spring 25 is compressed.

[0057] Since the lower end of the lifting cylinder 24 is flat and the outer side of the axle parts of the car is round, it can ensure that outside air enters the collecting cylinder 7 through the gap between the lower end of the lifting cylinder 24 and the axle parts of the car.

[0058] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, an air pump 14 is fixed on the outside of the collection cylinder 7, and the air inlet of the air pump 14 is connected to the collection cylinder 7.

[0059] Furthermore, an annular pipe 15 is fixed to the outside of the collecting cylinder 7, and multiple arc-shaped cavities 16 are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the collecting cylinder 7. The arc-shaped cavities 16 are connected to the annular pipe 15, and an arc-shaped filter plate 17 is fixed inside the arc-shaped cavity 16. The annular pipe 15 is connected to the air inlet end of the air pump 14, and a first connecting pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the air pump 14.

[0060] After the air pump 14 is started, the air in the collection cylinder 7 is discharged through the arc-shaped filter plate 17 and the arc-shaped cavity 16. Outside air enters the collection cylinder 7 through the gap between the lower end of the lifting cylinder 24 and the shaft parts of the car. The debris generated by the drill bit 23 can rise in the vertical hole 11 through the lifting cylinder 24.

[0061] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a pneumatic telescopic unit is provided at the upper end of the flared section 8.

[0062] Furthermore, the pneumatic telescopic unit includes a piston cylinder 35 fixed to the upper end of the flared section 8. A piston rod 36 is slidably and sealed inside the piston cylinder 35, and the upper end of the piston rod 36 is connected to the upper end of the flared section 8 by a third spring 37. A second connecting pipe 33 communicates with the upper end of the piston cylinder 35, and a pressure valve 34 is installed on the second connecting pipe 33.

[0063] When the piston rod 36 inside the piston cylinder 35 is compressed, the piston rod 36 can move downward inside the piston cylinder 35 and compress the third spring 37.

[0064] like Figure 7 , Figure 10 and Figure 14 As shown, the piston rod 36 of the pneumatic telescopic unit is rotatably connected to the pressure ring 39.

[0065] Furthermore, such as Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, an inverted C-shaped connecting seat 38 is rotatably provided on the upper end of the pressure ring 39. The opening of the connecting seat 38 faces the radial groove 48. The lower end of the piston rod 36 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 38. The upper surface of the connecting seat 38 is an inclined surface.

[0066] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 15 As shown, the pressure ring 39 is concentrically rotated and sleeved on the fixed post 42. A radial groove 48 is provided on one side of the pressure ring 39, and a spiral groove 43 is provided on the outer side of the fixed post 42. The lower end of the spiral groove 43 is connected to the vertical groove 44 on the outer side of the fixed post 42. A radial rod 40 is elastically slidably provided on the inner edge of the pressure ring 39. The radial rod 40 is located in the spiral groove 43, and the radial rod 40 is connected to the pressure ring 39 through a fourth spring 41.

[0067] After the pressure ring 39 spirals downward, it can stop rotating and continue to descend. During the process of the pressure ring 39 stopping rotating and descending, the fixing block 10 passes into the radial groove 48 of the pressure ring 39.

[0068] As the piston rod 36 descends within the piston cylinder 35, guided by the helical groove 43 on the radial rod 40, the pressure ring 39 rotates downwards, while the connecting seat 38 only moves downwards. When the radial rod 40 enters the vertical groove 44, the pressure ring 39 stops rotating. At this point, the states of the connecting seat 38 and the pressure ring 39 are as follows: Figure 14 As shown. During the subsequent downward movement of the connecting seat 38 and the pressure ring 39, the fixing block 10 can penetrate the radial groove 48 of the pressure ring 39.

[0069] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, the upper part of the fixed block 10 has an inverted V-shaped feeding channel 12, and the lower end of the vertical groove 44 is connected to the feeding channel 12. The feeding channel 12 connects the vertical hole 11 and the inside of the collecting cylinder 7. After the debris rises in the vertical hole 11, it enters the collecting cylinder 7 on the outside of the fixed block 10 through the inverted V-shaped feeding channel 12.

[0070] like Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, a guide slope 13 is provided on the fixed block 10 on one side of the feed channel 12, and the guide slope 13 is located below the vertical groove 44.

[0071] The lifting cylinder 24 is connected to the pneumatic telescopic unit through a linkage valve group. After the lifting cylinder 24 moves upward, the pneumatic telescopic unit is connected to the air outlet of the air pump 14.

[0072] Furthermore, such as Figures 7-9 as well as Figure 18As shown, the linkage valve group includes a vertical plate 26 fixed to one side of the lifting cylinder 24. The upper end of the vertical plate 26 is machined with a guide slope 261. The vertical plate 26 is slidably disposed in the slide groove 27 at the lower end of the fixed block 10. The fixed block 10 is provided with an exhaust port 28. One end of the exhaust port 28 is connected to the outside of the collection cylinder 7. The first connecting pipe 32 is connected to one side of the exhaust port 28. The other side of the exhaust port 28 is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe 33. The second connecting pipe 33 is connected to the air-driven telescopic unit. An inclined block 29 is elastically and slidably sealed inside the exhaust port 28.

[0073] Furthermore, the inclined block 29 is connected to the fixed block 10 by a second spring 31. The inclined surface of the inclined block 29 contacts the guide inclined surface 261, and the sliding direction of the inclined block 29 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the vertical plate 26. A through hole 30 is provided on the inclined block 29, and the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are connected through the through hole 30 after the inclined block 29 moves away from the lifting cylinder 24.

[0074] When the lifting cylinder 24 moves upward, it drives the vertical plate 26 upward. Under the guidance of the inclined surface of the inclined block 29 and the guide inclined surface 261 at the upper end of the vertical plate 26, the inclined block 29 moves away from the lifting cylinder 24 within the exhaust port 28, and the second spring 31 is compressed. When the inclined block 29 contacts the vertical surface on the outer side of the vertical plate 26, the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are connected through the through hole 30, and the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are not connected to the exhaust port 28. At this time, the air pump 14 pressurizes the upper end of the piston cylinder 35, and the piston rod 36 inside the piston cylinder 35 moves downward.

[0075] like Figure 13 As shown, the upper end of the fixing block 10 is provided with an inclined guide surface 45. By providing the guide surface 45, it is possible to prevent debris from accumulating at the upper end of the fixing block 10.

[0076] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, a vertical cavity 46 is provided on the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 7, and a vertical filter plate 47 is fixed inside the vertical cavity 46. During the movement of the pressure ring 39 inside the collecting cylinder 7, the vertical cavity 46 can maintain the pressure balance on the upper and lower sides of the pressure ring 39 inside the collecting cylinder 7, ensuring that the movement of the pressure ring 39 inside the collecting cylinder 7 is unimpeded.

[0077] In specific work, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the lifting cylinder 24 is in a low position under the elastic action of the first spring 25, and the lower end of the drill bit 23 is located inside the lifting cylinder 24. At this time, the inclined surface of the inclined block 29 is in contact with the guide inclined surface 261, the through hole 30 is misaligned with the ends of the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33, the piston rod 36 is in a high position, and the radial rod 40 is located inside the spiral groove 43.

[0078] The automotive axle parts to be machined can specifically be camshafts, on which radial drilling is performed using this device. Of course, this device can also perform radial drilling on other automotive axle parts. The clamping components (not shown in the figure) required will differ when drilling different types of axle parts.

[0079] During drilling, the drill bit 23 can be adjusted on the horizontal plane via the first electric slide rail 2 and the second electric slide rail 4, moving it above the desired drilling position on the camshaft. Then, by controlling the third electric slide rail 5, the collecting cylinder 7 moves the drill bit 23 downward. Simultaneously, the upper motor 18 is started, driving the first gear 19 to rotate. The first gear 19 drives the second gear 21 to rotate via the chain 20. The second gear 21 drives the drill bit 23 to rotate via the rotating shaft 22, thereby drilling the camshaft.

[0080] During the drilling process, the drill bit 23 rotates at high speed to cut the camshaft, and the resulting chips have high speed and kinetic energy, causing chips to fly. The flying chips not only pollute the working environment, but may also scratch operators or damage surrounding equipment, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0081] During drilling, the third electric slide rail 5 and the upper motor 18 are started simultaneously, and the air pump 14 is activated to draw air. The suction action of the air pump 14 draws external air through the lifting cylinder 24, the vertical hole 11, and the feed channel 12 into the collecting cylinder 7, and then through the arc-shaped filter plate 17, the arc-shaped cavity 16, the ring pipe 15, and the air pump 14 into the first connecting pipe 32. At this time, because the through hole 30 is misaligned with the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33, the air discharged from the first connecting pipe 32 can only be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 28.

[0082] As the drill bit 23 moves downwards towards the camshaft, the lifting cylinder 24 first contacts the camshaft. Then, during its downward movement, the lifting cylinder 24 moves upwards relative to the drill bit 23 and the collecting cylinder 7, compressing the first spring 25. The lifting cylinder 24 then drives the vertical plate 26 to move upwards synchronously. Figure 8 As shown, the vertical plate 26 pushes the inclined block 29 to the left through the guide inclined surface 261, and the second spring 31 is compressed. After the guide inclined surface 261 separates from the inclined block 29, the inclined block 29 will contact the vertical surface of the outer side of the vertical plate 26. At this time, the through hole 30 and the first connecting pipe 32 and the second connecting pipe 33 are in a concentric communication state. During the subsequent downward movement of the drill bit 23, the inclined block 29 maintains this position.

[0083] When the drill bit 23 drills the camshaft, the lifting cylinder 24 continues to move upward relative to the drill bit 23 and the collecting cylinder 7. During the drilling process, since the outer side of the camshaft is a circular surface, there will be a gap after the lower end of the lifting cylinder 24 contacts the circular surface of the camshaft. The two will not be completely fitted together, and external air can be continuously drawn into the interior of the lifting cylinder 24 to ensure the collection effect of debris.

[0084] As the drill bit 23 moves downwards during drilling, the lifting cylinder 24 will always surround the outside of the drill bit 23 to prevent debris generated in the borehole from splashing in all directions. Under the suction of the air pump 14, external air carrying the debris generated during drilling will enter the collection cylinder 7 through the lifting cylinder 24, the vertical hole 11, and the feed channel 12. Under the action of the arc-shaped filter plate 17, the debris is blocked inside the collection cylinder 7. The air will then be discharged into the piston cylinder 35 through the arc-shaped cavity 16, the ring pipe 15, the air pump 14, the first connecting pipe 32, the through hole 30, and the second connecting pipe 33.

[0085] In this embodiment, two piston cylinders 35 are provided. After air enters the piston cylinder 35, the piston rod 36 moves downward, the third spring 37 is compressed, and the piston rod 36 drives the connecting seat 38 and the pressure ring 39 to move downward synchronously. Since the radial rod 40 is located in the spiral groove 43, during the downward movement of the pressure ring 39, the radial rod 40 will move along the spiral groove 43, thereby causing the pressure ring 39 to rotate. When the radial rod 40 enters the vertical groove 44, the pressure ring 39 stops rotating. Afterward, during the downward movement of the piston rod 36, the pressure ring 39 will enter the cavity formed by the collecting cylinder 7 and the fixing block 10, and the fixing block 10 penetrates the radial groove 48 of the pressure ring 39.

[0086] As the piston rod 36 moves downward, the radial rod 40 will move out of the vertical groove 44. The vertical groove 44 can restrict and guide, preventing the pressure ring 39 from rotating relative to the connecting seat 38, thus keeping the pressure ring 39 in this state and accurately inserting it into the cavity formed by the collecting cylinder 7 and the fixing block 10, and ensuring that the fixing block 10 is accurately inserted into the radial groove 48 of the pressure ring 39.

[0087] As the pressure ring 39 moves downward, the radial rod 40 comes into contact with the guide slope 13. Under the guidance of the guide slope 13, the radial rod 40 retracts completely into the interior of the pressure ring 39, and the fourth spring 41 is compressed. As the pressure ring 39 moves downward, since the shape of the pressure ring 39 is adapted to the cavity formed by the collecting cylinder 7 and the fixing block 10, the downward movement of the pressure ring 39 can compact the debris in the collecting cylinder 7.

[0088] After the pressure ring 39 moves below the feed channel 12, the debris generated during the drilling process will fall onto the top surface of the pressure ring 39. Since the upper end surface of the connecting seat 38 is inclined, the debris falling onto the upper end surface of the connecting seat 38 will slide onto the top surface of the pressure ring 39, thus facilitating the removal of all subsequent debris from the top surface of the pressure ring 39.

[0089] During the process of the pressure ring 39 squeezing and compacting the debris in the collection cylinder 7, the air pressure inside the piston cylinder 35 and the second connecting pipe 33 will gradually increase. After the debris is compacted to a certain force, the compressed air inside the piston cylinder 35 and the second connecting pipe 33 will be discharged after opening the pressure valve 34.

[0090] After drilling is completed, the third electric slide rail 5 is controlled to drive the drill bit 23 to move upward. During the upward movement of the drill bit 23, the lifting cylinder 24 will move downward relative to the drill bit 23 to the initial position under the elastic action of the first spring 25. The inclined block 29 will also move to the initial position under the elastic action of the second spring 31. In this way, the air discharged from the first connecting pipe 32 can no longer enter the second connecting pipe 33 through the through hole 30, but can only be discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 28.

[0091] At this time, the end of the second connecting pipe 33 is connected to the outside through the exhaust port 28, and the air in the piston cylinder 35 can be discharged to the outside through the second connecting pipe 33 and the exhaust port 28. The piston rod 36 will then move upward to reset under the action of the third spring 37.

[0092] The piston rod 36 drives the connecting seat 38 and the pressure ring 39 to move upward inside the collecting cylinder 7. After the pressure ring 39 passes the feed channel 12 and the guide slope 13, as... Figure 19 As shown, by setting the connecting seat 38, which surrounds the outside of the vertical hole 11, the debris on the top surface of the pressure ring 39 will not fall into the vertical hole 11. At this time, the radial groove 48 corresponds to the feed channel 12. After being discharged from the radial groove 48, some debris falls into the feed channel 12 and falls into the lower part of the collection cylinder 7 under the guidance of the feed channel 12.

[0093] As the pressure ring 39 moves upward carrying debris, the radial rod 40 extends under the elastic action of the fourth spring 41 when it moves into the area where the feed channel 12 and the guide ramp 13 are located. Then, as the pressure ring 39 moves upward, the radial rod 40 enters the vertical groove 44. During the subsequent upward movement of the pressure ring 39, it first separates from the fixed block 10, and then the radial rod 40 enters the spiral groove 43. When the radial rod 40 enters the spiral groove 43, the pressure ring 39 is located within the flared section 8. The pressure ring 39 rotates as it moves upward. This rotation causes the debris on the top surface of the pressure ring 39 to slide off under centrifugal force. The debris detached from the top surface of the pressure ring 39 falls into the lower end of the collecting cylinder 7 through the gap between the pressure ring 39 and the flared section 8.

[0094] As the debris moves downward, some of it slides down along the inclined guide surface 45, preventing it from accumulating on the upper end of the fixed block 10 and affecting the subsequent rotation and downward movement of the pressure ring 39.

[0095] After the pressure ring 39 moves upward and resets, the debris handling process is completed.

[0096] When it is necessary to clean the debris in the collection cylinder 7, the sealing door 9 is unlocked from the collection cylinder 7 and the sealing door 9 is opened. The compacted debris blocks in the collection cylinder 7 are inverted C-shaped, making it easy to remove the debris blocks from the collection cylinder 7.

[0097] During the process of the pressure ring 39 moving downwards and compacting debris inside the collecting cylinder 7, or moving upwards to reset, the pressure ring 39 acts like a "piston" within the collecting cylinder 7. Simultaneously, outside air continuously enters the collecting cylinder 7 from the lifting cylinder 24, the vertical hole 11, and the feed channel 12. To prevent air pressure from affecting the normal movement of the pressure ring 39, a vertical cavity 46 and a vertical filter plate 47 are provided. These components maintain pressure balance on both sides of the collecting cylinder 7, ensuring that the movement of the pressure ring 39 within the collecting cylinder 7 is not hindered by air pressure.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts, comprising a base (1), a CNC three-axis drive frame mounted on the base (1), and a drilling assembly mounted on the CNC three-axis drive frame, characterized in that, The drilling assembly includes a collecting cylinder (7), a sealing door (9) is detachably and fixedly sealed on one side of the collecting cylinder (7), a flared section (8) is integrally formed at the upper end of the collecting cylinder (7), a fixing block (10) is fixed inside the collecting cylinder (7) on one side, a vertical hole (11) concentric with the collecting cylinder (7) is opened in the fixing block (10), a fixing column (42) concentric with the collecting cylinder (7) is fixed at the upper end of the fixing block (10), a rotating shaft (22) is rotatably connected concentrically inside the fixing column (42), and a part concentric with the rotating shaft (22) is installed at the upper end of the flared section (8). 2) The drive unit is connected, and the lower end of the rotating shaft (22) is detachably and fixedly connected to the drill bit (23). The lower part of the vertical hole (11) is elastically and slidably provided with a lifting cylinder (24). The lower end of the drill bit (23) is located inside the lifting cylinder (24). An air pump (14) is fixed on the outside of the collecting cylinder (7). The air inlet of the air pump (14) is connected to the collecting cylinder (7). An air-driven telescopic unit is provided at the upper end of the flared section (8). The piston rod (36) of the air-driven telescopic unit is rotatably connected to the pressure ring (39). The pressure ring (39) is concentrically rotated and sleeved on the fixed column (4). 2) On one side of the pressure ring (39), a radial groove (48) is provided, and a spiral groove (43) is provided on the outer side of the fixing post (42). The lower end of the spiral groove (43) is connected to the vertical groove (44) on the outer side of the fixing post (42). A radial rod (40) is elastically slidably provided on the inner edge of the pressure ring (39). The radial rod (40) is located in the spiral groove (43). After the pressure ring (39) spirals downward, it can stop rotating and continue to move downward. During the process of the pressure ring (39) stopping rotating and moving downward, the fixing block (10) is inserted into the radial groove (48) of the pressure ring (39). In the middle, the upper part of the fixed block (10) is provided with an inverted V-shaped feeding channel (12), the lower end of the vertical groove (44) is connected to the feeding channel (12), the feeding channel (12) is connected to the vertical hole (11) and the inside of the collection cylinder (7), the fixed block (10) on one side of the feeding channel (12) is provided with a guide slope (13), the guide slope (13) is located below the vertical groove (44), the lifting cylinder (24) is connected to the air-driven telescopic unit through the linkage valve group, and after the lifting cylinder (24) moves upward, the air-driven telescopic unit is connected to the air outlet of the air pump (14).

2. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CNC three-axis drive frame includes a first electric slide rail (2) fixed on both sides of the base (1), a gantry (3) fixed on the sliding part of the first electric slide rail (2), a second electric slide rail (4) fixed on the upper end of the gantry (3), a third electric slide rail (5) fixed on the sliding part of the second electric slide rail (4), a mounting base (6) fixed on the sliding part of the third electric slide rail (5), a collection tube (7) fixed on the mounting base (6), the drive motors of the first electric slide rail (2), the second electric slide rail (4) and the third electric slide rail (5) are electrically connected to the controller, the controller is electrically connected to the control panel, and a clamping assembly is provided on the base (1).

3. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit includes an upper motor (18) fixed on the upper end of the flared section (8), a first gear (19) is concentrically fixed on the output shaft of the upper motor (18), and a second gear (21) is concentrically fixed on the upper end of the rotating shaft (22). The first gear (19) and the second gear (21) are connected by a chain (20).

4. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the collecting cylinder (7) is fixed with a ring pipe (15), and multiple arc-shaped cavities (16) are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the collecting cylinder (7). The arc-shaped cavities (16) are connected to the ring pipe (15), and an arc-shaped filter plate (17) is fixed inside the arc-shaped cavity (16). The ring pipe (15) is connected to the air inlet end of the air pump (14), and a first connecting pipe (32) is fixedly connected to the air outlet end of the air pump (14).

5. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage valve assembly includes a vertical plate (26) fixed to one side of the lifting cylinder (24). A guide slope (261) is machined on the upper end of the vertical plate (26). The vertical plate (26) is slidably disposed in the slide groove (27) at the lower end of the fixed block (10). An exhaust port (28) is provided on the fixed block (10). One end of the exhaust port (28) is connected to the outside of the collecting cylinder (7). A first connecting pipe (32) is connected to one side of the exhaust port (28). A second connecting pipe (33) is fixedly connected to the other side of the exhaust port (28). 3) The second connecting pipe (33) is connected to the air-driven telescopic unit. An inclined block (29) is elastically and slidingly sealed inside the exhaust port (28). The inclined surface of the inclined block (29) is in contact with the guide inclined surface (261). The sliding direction of the inclined block (29) is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the vertical plate (26). A through hole (30) is opened on the inclined block (29). After the inclined block (29) moves away from the lifting cylinder (24), the first connecting pipe (32) and the second connecting pipe (33) are connected through the through hole (30).

6. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined block (29) is connected to the fixed block (10) by a second spring (31), the lifting cylinder (24) is connected to the fixed block (10) by a first spring (25), and the radial rod (40) is connected to the pressure ring (39) by a fourth spring (41).

7. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pneumatic telescopic unit includes a piston cylinder (35) fixed to the upper end of the flared section (8), a piston rod (36) is slidably and sealed inside the piston cylinder (35), the upper end of the piston rod (36) is connected to the upper end of the flared section (8) by a third spring (37), a second connecting pipe (33) is connected to the upper end of the piston cylinder (35), and a pressure valve (34) is installed on the second connecting pipe (33).

8. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the fixed block (10) is provided with an inclined guide surface (45).

9. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the pressure ring (39) is rotatably provided with an inverted C-shaped connecting seat (38), the opening of the connecting seat (38) faces the radial groove (48), the lower end of the piston rod (36) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (38), and the upper end surface of the connecting seat (38) is an inclined surface.

10. The intelligent machining device for automotive shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the collection cylinder (7) is provided with a vertical cavity (46), and a vertical filter plate (47) is fixed inside the vertical cavity (46).

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