A human body protection armor against vehicle rolling and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of human safety protection, and particularly relates to a human body protection armor against vehicle rolling and a preparation method thereof, which is composed of an outer hard shell layer, a middle energy absorption layer, an inner skin layer and an interlayer adhesive resin for bonding the layers, the raw materials of the outer hard shell layer are 30-60 parts of carbon fiber prepreg and 20-50 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plate, and the raw materials of the middle energy absorption layer are 10-30 parts of aerogel felt and 20-40 parts of high-density closed-cell EVA foam. The hard pressure-division outer layer, the core energy-absorption middle layer and the flexible skin-adhesion inner layer are organically combined, the high specific strength of carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is utilized to realize load dispersion, the synergistic deformation of aerogel and high-density closed-cell foam is adopted to absorb impact energy, and the wearing comfort is improved by using Kevlar and buffer rubber pad, so that the protection effect of resisting vehicle rolling, unbreakable skeleton and non-injury to internal organs is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of human safety protection technology, specifically referring to a human protective armor that resists being run over by vehicles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of transportation, accidents involving pedestrians and vehicles crossing the road together are on the rise. Large trucks and construction vehicles, in particular, are prone to causing fatal or disabling injuries to pedestrians due to their large blind spots and long braking distances, especially in collisions with pedestrians. Pedestrians often suffer multiple fractures and internal organ ruptures from the immense pressure on their chest and abdomen. Existing personal protective equipment, such as bulletproof vests and stab-proof vests, are primarily designed for impacts from projectiles or sharp objects. They typically weigh over 10 kg and are made of soft or semi-rigid materials. When subjected to slow, heavy crushing loads of several tons, they are prone to collapse, failing to effectively distribute the concentrated load and thus offering little protection for bones and internal organs. Furthermore, while some rigid protective gear, such as motorcycle armor, offers some impact resistance, it is too rigid and severely impairs daily activities such as walking and bending, rendering it impractical for everyday use.

[0003] In recent years, although shock-absorbing pads using multi-layered foam or honeycomb structures have been developed, their insufficient material density and strength lead to premature exhaustion of the compression stroke in anti-rollover scenarios, resulting in rigid contact with the human body. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a lightweight anti-rollover device that combines hard pressure distribution with flexible energy absorption functions, and does not hinder daily activities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above situation and to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a protective armor for human body that resists being run over by vehicles and its preparation method. By organically combining a rigid pressure-distributing outer layer, a core energy-absorbing middle layer, and a flexible skin-fitting inner layer, the high specific strength of carbon fiber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is used to achieve load dispersion. The synergistic deformation of aerogel and high-density closed-cell foam is used to absorb impact energy, and Kevlar and cushioning pads are used to improve wearing comfort. This achieves the protective effect of resisting being run over by cars, not breaking bones, and not injuring internal organs.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a vehicle-resistant protective armor, which is composed of an outer hard shell layer, an intermediate energy-absorbing layer, an inner skin-adhesive layer, and an interlayer adhesive resin for bonding the layers. Each layer contains the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0006] Outer hard shell layer: 30-60 parts carbon fiber prepreg, 20-50 parts ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheet;

[0007] Intermediate energy-absorbing layer: 10-30 parts aerogel felt, 20-40 parts high-density closed-cell EVA foam;

[0008] Inner skin-contact layer: 15-35 parts Kevlar aramid fabric, 5-15 parts flexible silicone cushioning pad;

[0009] Interlayer adhesive resin: 5-15 parts of epoxy resin film or thermoplastic polyurethane film.

[0010] Furthermore, the carbon fiber prepreg is a T300 or T700 grade unidirectional or plain weave prepreg with a single layer thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheet is a pressed sheet with a molecular weight of over 3 million and a thickness of 1-5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the aerogel mat is a silica aerogel mat or an alumina aerogel mat, with a density of 0.15-0.25 g / cm³. 3 Thickness 3-10mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the density of the high-density closed-cell EVA foam is 120-200 kg / m³. 3 Compressive strength ≥ 0.5 MPa.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible silicone cushioning pad is made of medical-grade silicone with a Shore hardness of A10-30 and a thickness of 1-3mm.

[0015] The method for preparing the outer hard shell includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Cut the carbon fiber prepreg according to the armor coverage area, and lay 8-16 layers in a stack, with the fiber direction of adjacent layers alternating at 0° / 90°.

[0017] S2: Cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheets into the same shape and place them on the outermost side or sandwiched in the middle of the carbon fiber laminate to form a hybrid laminate;

[0018] S3: Place the mixed laminate into a hot press mold and cure it at 130-150℃ and 0.5-1.5MPa pressure for 30-60 minutes. After cooling and demolding, an integrated outer hard shell layer with a density of 1.2-1.5g / cm³ is obtained. 3 Flexural strength ≥300MPa.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for preparing a protective armor against vehicle crushing, specifically including the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Weigh aerogel felt and high-density closed-cell EVA foam according to the weight proportions, and alternately stack the aerogel felt and EVA foam, with the outermost layer being EVA foam and a total thickness of 15-30mm. Hot-press the composite at 80-100℃ and 0.2-0.5MPa for 15-30min to obtain the middle energy-absorbing layer.

[0021] Step 2: Cut the Kevlar aramid fabric into the desired shape, attach the flexible silicone cushioning pad to the side of the Kevlar fabric facing the human body, and sew or heat seal the edges to obtain the inner skin-adhesive layer.

[0022] Step 3: Stack the outer hard shell layer obtained in step S3, the middle energy-absorbing layer obtained in step 1, and the inner skin-adhesive layer obtained in step 2 in the order from the outside to the inside. Lay an epoxy resin film or thermoplastic polyurethane film between each layer, place it in a hot press mold, and hot press and bond the whole thing at 110-130℃ and 0.3-0.8MPa for 30-60 minutes.

[0023] Step 4: After hot pressing, allow the product to cool naturally to room temperature, remove it, trim the edges, and add adjustable shoulder straps, waist belt, and side buckles to obtain the vehicle-resistant protective armor.

[0024] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0025] The protective armor against vehicle crushing prepared in this invention disperses the point load applied by vehicle tires into a large-area surface load through an outer carbon fiber / ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene hard shell, avoiding excessive local pressure. The middle composite energy-absorbing layer, composed of aerogel and high-density closed-cell EVA foam, undergoes plastic and viscoelastic deformation under pressure, absorbing and dissipating a large amount of energy. The extremely low density and heat-resistant properties of the aerogel ensure lightweight and thermal insulation. The inner Kevlar and silicone pads provide flexible cushioning to prevent hard edges from cutting the skin, while the high strength of aramid provides secondary puncture resistance. The synergistic effect of these three layers reduces the pressure transmitted to the human body to a safe range, truly achieving "no bone breakage from pressure, no internal organ damage from squeezing."

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, this protective armor weighs only 8-12kg. After wearing it, the human body can walk, bend over, and even jog normally. It is both crush-resistant, lightweight, and flexible in movement. Different protection levels can be customized by adjusting the layer thickness and laying angle. It is suitable for high-risk groups such as traffic police, construction workers, and school children. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vehicle-resistant protective armor and its manufacturing method proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a peak value comparison diagram of a vehicle-resistant protective armor and its preparation method proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the peel strength of a vehicle-resistant protective armor and its preparation method proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in load-bearing capacity after being run over by a vehicle, as proposed in this invention, and its preparation method.

[0032] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: The proposed solution provides a protective armor against vehicle crushing, with the following weight proportions of raw materials for each layer:

[0035] Outer hard shell layer: 45 parts of T300 grade plain weave carbon fiber prepreg and 30 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheet with a molecular weight of 3.5 million.

[0036] Intermediate energy-absorbing layer: 20 parts of silica aerogel felt (density 0.20 g / cm³) 3 30 parts of high-density closed-cell EVA foam (5mm thickness, 160kg / m³ density) 3 );

[0037] Inner skin-contact layer: 25 parts Kevlar aramid plain weave fabric, 10 parts medical-grade silicone cushioning pad (Shore A20, 2mm thickness);

[0038] Interlayer adhesive resin: 8 parts epoxy resin film

[0039] Preparation method:

[0040] S1: Carbon fiber prepreg is cut into a chest and back integrated shape, and laid in 10 layers with alternating fiber directions of 0° / 90°; UHMWPE sheet (3mm thick) is used as the outermost layer, combined with carbon fiber layers, and hot-pressed at 140℃ and 1.0MPa for 45 minutes to obtain the outer hard shell.

[0041] Step 1: After cutting aerogel felt and EVA foam, they are stacked alternately (4 layers of aerogel and 5 layers of foam in total), with a total thickness of 25mm. They are then hot-pressed at 90℃ and 0.3MPa for 20min to obtain the middle energy-absorbing layer.

[0042] Step 2: Cut the Kevlar fabric, attach the silicone pad to the inside, and sew it in place around the edges;

[0043] Step 3: Stack the outer layer, middle layer, and inner layer in that order, lay an epoxy resin film between the layers, and hot press the whole thing at 120℃ and 0.5MPa for 40 minutes. After cooling, trim the edges and add adjusting webbing to complete the process.

[0044] The armor in this embodiment weighs 9.8 kg.

[0045] Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the type and proportion of foam in the intermediate energy-absorbing layer are changed. A chemically cross-linked polyethylene foam board (density 150 kg / m³) is used. 3 Replace EVA foam with 25 parts aerogel felt and 25 parts foam board, keeping other conditions unchanged. The armor weighs 10.2 kg.

[0046] Example 3 differs from Example 1 in that the ratio of carbon fiber prepreg to UHMWPE sheet in the outer hard shell is adjusted. The carbon fiber prepreg comprises 55 parts, and the UHMWPE sheet comprises 20 parts, with the UHMWPE sheet sandwiched in the middle of the carbon fiber stack rather than as the outermost layer. The armor weighs 9.5 kg.

[0047] Example 4 differs from Example 1 in that the interlayer adhesive resin is replaced with a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film, and the hot-pressing temperature is 125°C. The armor weighs 9.9 kg.

[0048] Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that the flexible cushioning pad of the inner skin-contact layer is replaced with a neoprene foam pad (2mm thick), the silicone pad is reduced to 5 parts, and the neoprene foam pad is increased by 10 parts. The armor weighs 10.5kg.

[0049] Performance testing

[0050] I. Simulated vehicle crush test

[0051] The protective armor prepared in each embodiment was worn on a human upper-body dummy model conforming to the Hybrid III standard. A thin-film pressure sensor array was installed on the dummy's chest and abdomen. Passenger cars (front axle weight approximately 900 kg) and light trucks (front axle weight approximately 1.8 tons) were used to slowly drive over the armor-covered area with their tires, recording the maximum pressure transmitted to the dummy's surface and the amount of rib deformation. A comparison was made with an unprotected dummy. The results are as follows:

[0052] When run over by a passenger car, the peak pressure on the chest and abdomen of the unprotected dummy reached 2.8 MPa, and the rib deformation exceeded the standard. Under the armor in Example 1, the peak pressure dropped to 0.12 MPa, and the rib deformation was within the safe range. When run over by a truck, the peak pressure in Example 1 was 0.25 MPa, and no penetration or structural collapse occurred. Figure 2 Examples 1-3 show that all of them can reduce the pressure to below 0.3 MPa, with Example 1 being the best.

[0053] II. Interlayer peel strength

[0054] The interlayer adhesion strength of each embodiment was tested according to GB / T 2791 standard. The average peel strength of the epoxy resin film in Example 1 was 4.2 N / mm, that of the TPU film in Example 4 was 3.8 N / mm, and that of Example 5 was 4.0 N / mm, demonstrating strong adhesion.

[0055] III. Durability under repeated compaction

[0056] After the armor in Example 1 was run over by a passenger car 5 times, there was no delamination or cracking on its appearance. The pressure transmitted in the subsequent rolling test was 0.14 MPa, which was only 16.7% higher and still far below the danger threshold.

[0057] I. Simulated vehicle crush test

[0058] The protective armor prepared in each embodiment was worn on a human upper-body dummy model conforming to the Hybrid III standard. A thin-film pressure sensor array was installed on the dummy's chest and abdomen. Passenger cars (front axle weight approximately 900 kg) and light trucks (front axle weight approximately 1.8 tons) were used to slowly drive over the armor-covered area with their tires, recording the maximum pressure transmitted to the dummy's surface and the amount of rib deformation. A comparison was made with an unprotected dummy. The results are as follows:

[0059] When a passenger vehicle ran over the dummy, the peak pressure in the chest and abdomen reached 2.8 MPa, and the ribs deformed beyond the standard.

[0060] In Example 1, the peak pressure under the armor decreased to 0.12 MPa, and the rib deformation was within a safe range.

[0061] When the truck ran over the structure, the peak pressure in Example 1 was 0.25 MPa, and no penetration or structural collapse occurred.

[0062] Figure 2 Examples 1-3 show that all of them can reduce the pressure to below 0.3 MPa, with Example 1 being the best.

[0063] II. Interlayer peel strength: The interlayer adhesive strength of each embodiment was tested according to GB / T 2791 standard. The average peel strength of the epoxy resin film in Example 1 was 4.2 N / mm, that of the TPU film in Example 4 was 3.8 N / mm, and that of Example 5 was 4.0 N / mm, proving that the adhesion was strong.

[0064] III. Durability under repeated compaction

[0065] After the armor in Example 1 was run over by a passenger car 5 times, there was no delamination or cracking on its appearance. The pressure transmitted in the subsequent rolling test was 0.14 MPa, which was only 16.7% higher and still far below the danger threshold.

[0066] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive. The accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure and method are not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this description and designs a similar structure and embodiment without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such design should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A type of protective armor against vehicle crushing, characterized in that, It is composed of an outer hard shell layer, an intermediate energy-absorbing layer, an inner skin layer, and an interlayer adhesive resin for bonding the layers. Each layer contains the following raw materials in parts by weight. Outer hard shell layer: 30-60 parts carbon fiber prepreg, 20-50 parts ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheet; Intermediate energy-absorbing layer: 10-30 parts aerogel felt, 20-40 parts high-density closed-cell EVA foam; Inner skin-contact layer: 15-35 parts Kevlar aramid fabric, 5-15 parts flexible silicone cushioning pad; Interlayer adhesive resin: 5-15 parts of epoxy resin film or thermoplastic polyurethane film.

2. The vehicle-resistant protective armor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon fiber prepreg is a T300 or T700 grade unidirectional or plain weave prepreg with a single layer thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheet is a pressed sheet with a molecular weight of more than 3 million and a thickness of 1-5 mm.

3. The vehicle-resistant protective armor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aerogel mat is a silica aerogel mat or an alumina aerogel mat, with a density of 0.15-0.25 g / cm³. 3 The thickness is 3-10mm; the density of the high-density closed-cell EVA foam is 120-200kg / m³. 3 Compressive strength ≥ 0.5 MPa.

4. The vehicle-resistant protective armor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible silicone cushioning pad is made of medical-grade silicone with a Shore hardness of A10-30 and a thickness of 1-3mm.

5. The vehicle-resistant protective armor and its preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that... The preparation process of the outer hard shell layer specifically includes the following steps: S1: Cut the carbon fiber prepreg according to the armor coverage area, and lay 8-16 layers in a stack, with the fiber direction of adjacent layers alternating at 0° / 90°. S2: Cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene sheets into the same shape and place them on the outermost side or sandwiched in the middle of the carbon fiber laminate to form a hybrid laminate; S3: Place the mixed laminate into a hot press mold and cure it at 130-150℃ and 0.5-1.5MPa pressure for 30-60 minutes. After cooling and demolding, an integrated outer hard shell layer with a density of 1.2-1.5g / cm³ is obtained. 3 Flexural strength ≥300MPa.

6. A method for preparing a vehicle-resistant protective armor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Specifically, the steps include the following: Step 1: Weigh aerogel felt and high-density closed-cell EVA foam according to the weight proportions, and alternately stack the aerogel felt and EVA foam, with the outermost layer being EVA foam and a total thickness of 15-30mm. Hot-press the composite at 80-100℃ and 0.2-0.5MPa for 15-30min to obtain the middle energy-absorbing layer. Step 2: Cut the Kevlar aramid fabric into the desired shape, attach the flexible silicone cushioning pad to the side of the Kevlar fabric facing the human body, and sew or heat seal the edges to obtain the inner skin-adhesive layer. Step 3: Stack the outer hard shell layer, the middle energy-absorbing layer obtained in Step 1, and the inner skin-adhesive layer obtained in Step 2 in the order from the outside to the inside. Lay an epoxy resin film or thermoplastic polyurethane film between each layer, place it in a hot press mold, and hot press and bond the whole thing at 110-130℃ and 0.3-0.8MPa for 30-60 minutes. Step 4: After hot pressing, allow the product to cool naturally to room temperature, remove it, trim the edges, and add adjustable shoulder straps, waist belt, and side buckles to obtain the vehicle-resistant protective armor.

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