Compressed gas push-out system for electric vehicle battery packs

Abstract

The application discloses a compressed gas pushing type ejection system of an electric vehicle battery pack and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery packs.The structure comprises a pushing mechanism, a locking mechanism, an electric wire connector, a pipeline connector, a rope mechanism, a triggering mechanism and a gas compression mechanism.The pushing mechanism comprises a side pushing mechanism and a pack body pushing mechanism.The side pushing mechanism comprises a left side cylinder, a right side cylinder, a straight pushing rod and a piston.When a collision accident occurs to the electric vehicle, a collision sensor or a smoke alarm or a manually pressed button sends a starting ejection signal to an electronic control unit of the electric vehicle.The electronic control unit outputs a signal to trigger an electromagnetic valve of the air compression mechanism to be opened, so that the gas in a gas storage tank enters the cylinder or the outer shell, the internal pressure is increased, the pressure in the cylinder cavity or the outer shell pushes the battery pack to move to the rear of the vehicle body, and the battery pack is moved out of the vehicle body, so that the battery module is separated from the vehicle body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a battery pack system, belonging to the field of electric vehicle battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack ejection system that can automatically detach from an electric vehicle in the event of a collision. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle battery packs, such as Figure 9 As shown: The main body consists of battery modules, cables and an external housing, while the auxiliary parts include the battery management system (BMS), thermal management system, electrical system, etc.

[0003] Structure of electric vehicle battery pack

[0004] Battery module: Composed of multiple battery cells connected in series or parallel, it is the core part of the battery pack for storing and releasing electrical energy. The battery module is equipped with positive and negative electrodes and is connected to electrical units such as charging plugs and motors through wires.

[0005] The Battery Management System (BMS) is responsible for monitoring parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery pack, performing power calculations, battery balancing, and overcharge / over-discharge protection to ensure the safety and performance of the battery pack. The temperature sensor is located next to the battery module and is connected to the BMS via a wire.

[0006] Thermal management system: Includes cooling and heating devices, used to control the temperature of the battery pack and ensure that the battery operates within a suitable temperature range to improve battery efficiency and lifespan. The heating device is a heating wire that is wound around the battery module. The cooling device is a cooling pipe filled with coolant and wound around the battery module. One end of the pipe is connected to the inlet of the cooling circulation pump, and the other end is connected to the outlet of the cooling circulation pump.

[0007] Electrical system: Includes charging and discharging wires, control signal wires, relays, etc., used to realize the transmission of electrical energy and instrument signals between the battery pack and other components of the electric vehicle.

[0008] Housing structural components: battery pack housing and bracket. The battery pack housing includes a base plate, side frames and a cover plate. The side frames are set around the base plate and connected to the base plate at the bottom. The cover plate is set at the top and connected to the side frames by screws. The battery modules are set inside the battery pack housing. The bracket is set outside the battery pack housing. The battery pack housing is fixedly connected to the chassis of the electric vehicle by the bracket, which plays a role in protecting internal components, fixing battery modules and providing heat dissipation channels.

[0009] Working principle of electric vehicle battery pack

[0010] Charging process: When an electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, an external power source inputs electrical energy into the battery pack through the charging interface. Under the control of the battery management system, current flows into the battery module according to a certain charging strategy, causing lithium ions in the battery cells to move from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and embed into the negative electrode material. At the same time, electrons flow from the positive electrode to the negative electrode through the external circuit, thus storing electrical energy.

[0011] Discharge process: When an electric vehicle is in motion, the battery pack supplies power to loads such as the drive motor. Under the monitoring of the battery management system, lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode in the individual battery cells of the battery module, while electrons flow from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through the external circuit, forming an electric current to power the electric vehicle.

[0012] The role of the battery management system (BMS): Throughout the charging and discharging process, the BMS monitors various parameters of the battery pack in real time and adjusts the charging and discharging current accordingly to ensure the safety and performance of the battery pack. When the charge levels of individual cells in the battery pack become uneven, the BMS will also perform battery balancing to extend the overall lifespan of the battery pack.

[0013] The function of the thermal management system: Based on the temperature of the battery pack, the thermal management system activates cooling or heating devices to maintain the battery pack within a suitable operating temperature range. For example, when the battery pack temperature is too high, the cooling system removes heat by circulating coolant; when the temperature is too low, the heating system heats the battery pack to improve battery performance and safety.

[0014] The shortcomings of existing electric vehicle battery packs: The battery pack is fixedly installed on the chassis of the electric vehicle, and when the battery catches fire, it affects the safety of the people inside the vehicle.

[0015] When an electric vehicle is involved in a collision, the battery is prone to catching fire. The fire spreads rapidly and fiercely and is not easy to extinguish. Since the battery pack is fixedly installed on the chassis of the electric vehicle, once a fire breaks out inside the vehicle, it is difficult for the people inside to evacuate in time, which affects their safety. Summary of the Invention

[0016] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a compressed gas-driven ejection system for electric vehicle battery packs. This device can eject the battery pack from the rear of the electric vehicle body during a collision, thus detaching the battery pack from the vehicle body.

[0017] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above problems is: a compressed gas-driven ejection system for an electric vehicle battery pack, the structure of which includes a pushing mechanism, a locking mechanism, a wire connector, a pipe connector, a rope mechanism, a triggering mechanism, and a gas compression mechanism; the pushing mechanism includes a side pushing mechanism and a pack body pushing mechanism, the side pushing mechanism including a left cylinder, a right cylinder, a straight push rod, and a piston; the battery pack housing is located on the upper part of the electric vehicle chassis and below the foot pedal, the left cylinder is located on the left side of the battery pack housing, the right cylinder is located on the right side of the battery pack housing, and the left and right cylinders are fixedly connected to the electric vehicle chassis by a bracket; a left horizontal column is provided at the rear left side of the battery pack housing, and a straight push rod is provided at the left cylinder... Inside the cylinder, the front end connects to the piston, and the rear end connects to the left transverse column; a right transverse column is set at the rear right side of the battery pack housing, and a straight push rod is set in the right cylinder, with its front end connected to the piston and its rear end connected to the right transverse column; the pack pushing mechanism includes an outer housing, an air pipe, and a bracket. The outer housing is set on the outside of the battery pack housing and includes an outer bottom plate, an outer frame, a top cover, and a bracket. The outer frame is set at the front, left, and right sides of the battery pack housing, with its lower part connected to the outer bottom plate and its upper cover set at the top and connected to the outer frame. The outer housing is fixedly connected to the chassis of the electric vehicle through the bracket. A through hole is set on the outer frame at the front, and the air pipe is connected to the outer frame at the front of the outer housing; the locking mechanism includes a locking ring and a hook-shaped locking pin. A locking cylinder is located at the front of the battery pack housing or the front of the outer housing. At least one locking ring is fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack housing, or through a through hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack housing. The rear of the locking cylinder passes through a hole in the middle of the locking ring, and the front is located inside the locking cylinder, with its front end connected to a piston. A pressure spring is installed at the rear of the piston inside the locking cylinder. The locking cylinder is fixedly connected to the chassis. The wire connector is a plug-in connector, including a pin, a socket, and a socket seat. The pin is located at the front of the battery pack housing, and the front of the pin is inserted into the socket, or the front of the pin passes through a through hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and is inserted into the socket. The positive electrode, negative electrode, and control of the battery module are also included. The instruments are connected to the pins of the wire connectors via wires. The pins of the wire connectors are located on the sockets, which are fixedly connected to the chassis. The pipe connectors are plug-in type connectors, including inner pipe connectors, outer pipe connectors, and brackets. There are two inner pipe connectors, located at the front of the battery pack housing. The front of the inner pipe connector is inserted into the outer pipe connector, or the front of the inner pipe connector passes through the through hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and is inserted into the outer pipe connector. The two ends of the cooling pipe inside the battery pack housing are each connected to one inner pipe connector. There are two outer pipe connectors, located at the front of the battery pack housing, and fixedly connected to the chassis via brackets. The two outer pipe connectors are each connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump via a cooling pipe.The rope mechanism includes a rope, hooks, and retaining rings. The retaining rings are respectively located on the front of the battery pack housing and on the chassis. Hooks are located at both ends of the rope, which is connected to the retaining rings via the hooks, or the rope passes through a through-hole in the front of the outer housing and connects to the retaining rings. The triggering mechanism includes a collision sensor, a button, and a smoke alarm. These are located on the electric vehicle body and are connected to the electric vehicle's electronic control unit via wires. The gas compression mechanism includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a solenoid valve. The air compressor's outlet is connected to the air tank via a pipe. The air tank's outlet is connected to the outer housing, the locking cylinder, the left cylinder, and the right cylinder via an air pipe. The solenoid valve is located on the air pipe. A pressure switch is located on the air tank. The air compressor is connected to the pressure switch via a wire, and the pressure switch is connected to the electrode of the independent power supply battery via a wire. The solenoid valve is connected to one electrode of the independent power supply battery via one wire and to the electronic control unit via another wire. The electronic control unit is connected to the other electrode of the independent power supply battery via a wire.

[0018] Its beneficial effects are:

[0019] In the event of a collision involving an electric vehicle, a trigger ejection signal is sent to the vehicle's electronic control unit via a collision sensor, smoke detector, or manual button press. The electronic control unit then outputs a signal to activate the solenoid valve of the air compressor mechanism, allowing gas from the gas tank to enter the cylinder or outer casing. This increases the pressure within the cylinder or outer casing, which in turn pushes the battery pack toward the rear of the vehicle until the battery pack casing and battery modules are removed from the vehicle body. This ensures that even if the battery modules catch fire, the safety of the occupants will not be threatened. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The compressed gas-driven ejection system for electric vehicle battery packs of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention. The battery pack housing in the figure is a top view, with the front parts of the left and right cylinders removed.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack housing of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for electric vehicle battery packs of the present invention, viewed from the rear of the vehicle. The rear of the vehicle body components have been removed from the diagram.

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the outer casing of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention. The outer casing portion in the figure is a top view, with the top cover portion of the outer casing removed.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer casing and battery pack casing of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention, viewed from the rear of the vehicle. The rear body components of the vehicle are removed from the diagram.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wire connector of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pipe connection of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rope mechanism of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a battery pack using existing technology, with the cover plate of the battery pack casing removed.

[0030] In the diagram, 1 is the battery module, 2 is the battery pack casing, 3 is the air compressor, 4 is the base plate, 5 is the side frame, 6 is the cover plate, 7 is the foot pedal, 8 is the chassis, 9 is the left cylinder, 10 is the right cylinder, 11 is the bracket, 12 is the left horizontal column, 13 is the right horizontal column, 14 is the straight push rod, 15 is the piston, 16 is the positive electrode, 17 is the negative electrode, 18 is the button, 19 is the top cover plate, 20 is the air pipe, 21 is the through hole, 22 is the locking ring, 23 is the locking pin, 24 is the locking pin cylinder, 25 is the pressure spring, 26 is the wire connector, and 27 is the electrical... Wire, 28 is pin, 29 is socket, 30 is outer casing, 31 is socket socket, 32 is rope, 33 is hook, 34 is retaining ring, 35 is pipe connector, 36 is temperature sensor, 37 is independent power supply battery, 38 is cooling circulation pump, 39 is cooling pipe, 40 is inner pipe connector, 41 is outer pipe connector, 42 is heating wire, 43 is collision sensor, 44 is solenoid valve, 45 is smoke alarm, 46 is electronic control unit, 47 is gas tank, 48 is pressure switch, 49 is outer base plate, 50 is outer frame. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The principle and operation of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] A compressed gas-driven ejection system for an electric vehicle battery pack, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown: Its structure includes a pushing mechanism, a locking mechanism, a wire connector, a pipe connector, a rope mechanism, a triggering mechanism, and a gas compression mechanism; the pushing mechanism includes a side pushing mechanism and a battery pack pushing mechanism, the side pushing mechanism including a left cylinder, a right cylinder, a push rod, and a piston; the battery pack housing is located on the upper part of the electric vehicle chassis and below the foot pedal, the left cylinder is located on the left side of the battery pack housing, and the right cylinder is located on the right side of the battery pack housing, the left cylinder and the right cylinder are fixedly connected to the electric vehicle chassis by a bracket; a left transverse column is set at the rear left side of the battery pack housing, a push rod is set in the left cylinder, the front end is connected to the piston, and the rear end... A right horizontal column is connected to the left horizontal column; a right horizontal column is set at the rear right side of the battery pack housing, and a straight push rod is set in the right cylinder, with its front end connected to the piston and its rear end connected to the right horizontal column; the pack pushing mechanism includes an outer housing, an air pipe, and a bracket. The outer housing is set on the outside of the battery pack housing and includes an outer bottom plate, an outer frame, a top cover, and a bracket. The outer frame is set at the front, left, and right sides of the battery pack housing, with its lower part connected to the outer bottom plate and its upper cover set at the top and connected to the outer frame. The outer housing is fixedly connected to the chassis of the electric vehicle through the bracket. A through hole is set on the front outer frame, and the air pipe is connected to the front outer frame of the outer housing; a locking mechanism, such as... Figure 7 As shown: Includes a locking ring, a hook-shaped locking pin, and a locking pin cylinder, located at the front of the battery pack housing or the front of the outer housing. At least one locking ring is fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack housing, or passes through a through hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and is fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack housing. The rear of the locking pin passes through a hole in the middle of the locking ring, and the front part is located inside the locking pin cylinder, with its front end connected to a piston. A pressure spring is installed at the rear of the piston inside the locking pin cylinder. The locking pin cylinder is fixedly connected to the chassis; electrical connector, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shows a pluggable connector, including pins, sockets, and socket bases. The pins are located at the front of the battery pack housing, and the front part of the pin is inserted into the socket, or the front part of the pin passes through a through-hole on the outer edge of the front of the outer housing and is inserted into the socket. The positive electrode, negative electrode, and control instrument of the battery module are connected to the pins of the connector via wires. The socket of the connector is located on the socket base, which is fixedly connected to the chassis. Pipe connectors, such as… Figure 6The diagram shows a pluggable connector, including an inner tube connector, an outer tube connector, and a bracket. There are two inner tube connectors located at the front of the battery pack housing. The front of the inner tube connector inserts into the outer tube connector, or the front of the inner tube connector passes through a through-hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and inserts into the outer tube connector. The cooling pipes inside the battery pack housing are each connected to one inner tube connector. There are two outer tube connectors located at the front of the battery pack housing, fixedly connected to the chassis via a bracket. The two outer tube connectors are each connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump via a cooling pipe. A rope mechanism is also included. Figure 8 The device includes a rope, hooks, and retaining rings. The retaining rings are located on the front of the battery pack housing and on the chassis. Hooks are located at both ends of the rope, which is connected to the retaining rings via the hooks, or the rope passes through a through-hole in the front of the outer housing and connects to the retaining rings. The triggering mechanism includes a collision sensor, a button, and a smoke alarm, all mounted on the electric vehicle body and connected to the electric vehicle's electronic control unit via wires. The gas compression mechanism includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a solenoid valve. The air compressor's outlet is connected to the air tank via a pipe. The air tank's outlet is connected to the outer housing, locking cylinder, left cylinder, and right cylinder via an air pipe. The solenoid valve is located on the air pipe. A pressure switch is located on the air tank. The air compressor is connected to the pressure switch via a wire, which is connected to the electrode of the independent power supply battery via a wire. The solenoid valve is connected to one electrode of the independent power supply battery via one wire and to the electronic control unit via another wire. The electronic control unit is connected to the other electrode of the independent power supply battery via a wire.

[0033] Example

[0034] In the event of a collision involving an electric vehicle, a trigger signal is sent to the EV's Electronic Control Unit (ECU) via a collision sensor, smoke detector, or manual button press. The ECU, essentially the brain of the EV, receives and analyzes the signals from the sensors. If the analysis meets the triggering conditions, it sends a command to the actuator, initiating its operation. The ECU outputs a signal that opens the solenoid valve of the air compressor, allowing gas from the air tank to enter the cylinder or outer casing. This increases the pressure within the cylinder chamber, pushing the piston to disengage the locking hook and ring at the front of the battery pack casing. The pistons in the left and right cylinders then push a push rod towards the rear of the vehicle, moving the battery pack casing and battery modules until they are removed from the rear of the EV. Alternatively, increased pressure at the front of the battery pack casing within the outer casing pushes the battery pack casing towards the rear, removing it from the vehicle. This ensures the battery modules are detached from the EV body, preventing any fire from threatening the safety of the occupants, even if the battery modules catch fire. The rope mechanism is designed to ensure the safety of people and property in the rear area of ​​the vehicle. After the battery pack is deployed, it is pulled by the rope and stays near the rear of the vehicle, preventing it from flying out and hitting pedestrians or objects.

[0035] Structural components at the rear of an electric vehicle, such as the rear bumper beam, need to be designed to allow space for the battery pack to be removed. They need to be positioned upwards or downwards, or fixedly connected to the rear of the battery pack housing. Decorative components at the rear of an electric vehicle, such as the outer shell, can be fixedly connected to the rear of the battery pack housing.

[0036] The circuit components described in the specification of the compressed gas-driven ejection system for the electric vehicle battery pack of this invention are simplified. For example, voltage conversion, relay isolation, and secondary control circuits are not mentioned, as they are all existing technologies. Moreover, describing them in detail would be too cumbersome. They are only used here to illustrate the principles and logical relationships of the circuits involved in this invention.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressed gas-driven ejection system for an electric vehicle battery pack, which is an improvement on the connection method between the electric vehicle battery pack and the electric vehicle body, mainly composed of a pushing mechanism, a locking mechanism, and a triggering mechanism, characterized in that: Its structure includes a pushing mechanism, a locking mechanism, a wire connector, a pipe connector, a rope mechanism, a triggering mechanism, and a gas compression mechanism; the pushing mechanism includes a side pushing mechanism and a battery pack pushing mechanism, the side pushing mechanism including a left cylinder, a right cylinder, a push rod, and a piston; the battery pack housing is located on the upper part of the electric vehicle chassis and below the foot pedal, the left cylinder is located on the left side of the battery pack housing, and the right cylinder is located on the right side of the battery pack housing, the left cylinder and the right cylinder are fixedly connected to the electric vehicle chassis by a bracket; a left transverse column is set at the rear left side of the battery pack housing, and a push rod is set inside the left cylinder, the front end of which is connected to the piston and the rear end of which is connected to the left transverse column; a right transverse column is set at the rear right side of the battery pack housing, and a push rod is set on the right side. Inside the cylinder, the front end is connected to the piston, and the rear end is connected to the right transverse column. The battery pack pushing mechanism includes an outer casing, an air pipe, and a bracket. The outer casing is located on the outside of the battery pack casing and includes an outer bottom plate, an outer side frame, a top cover plate, and a bracket. The outer side frame is located at the front, left, and right sides of the battery pack casing, with its lower part connected to the outer bottom plate and the top cover plate located at the top and connected to the outer side frame. The outer casing is fixedly connected to the chassis of the electric vehicle via the bracket. A through hole is provided on the outer side frame at the front, and the air pipe is connected to the outer side frame at the front of the outer casing. The locking mechanism includes a locking ring, a hook-shaped locking pin, and a locking pin cylinder, located at the front of the battery pack casing or the front of the outer casing. At least one locking ring is fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack casing or passes through the outer side frame at the front of the outer casing. The through hole on the frame is fixedly connected to the front of the battery pack housing. The rear of the locking pin passes through the hole in the middle of the locking ring, and the front is set inside the locking pin cylinder. The front end is connected to the piston. A pressure spring is set at the rear of the piston inside the locking pin cylinder. The locking pin cylinder is fixedly connected to the chassis. The wire connector is a plug-in connector, including a pin, a socket, and a socket seat. The pin is set at the front of the battery pack housing. The front of the pin is inserted into the socket, or the front of the pin passes through the through hole on the outer frame of the front of the outer housing and is inserted into the socket. The positive electrode, negative electrode, and control instrument of the battery module are respectively connected to the pin of the wire connector through wires. The socket of the wire connector is set on the socket seat, and the socket seat is fixedly connected to the chassis. The pipe connector is a plug-in connector, including an inner pipe connector and an outer pipe connector. The battery pack housing includes two inner tube connectors, located at the front. The front of the inner tube connector is inserted into the outer tube connector, or the front of the inner tube connector passes through a through hole on the outer side frame of the front of the outer housing and is inserted into the outer tube connector. The cooling pipe inside the battery pack housing is connected to one inner tube connector at each end. There are two outer tube connectors, located at the front of the battery pack housing, and fixedly connected to the chassis via a bracket. The two outer tube connectors are connected to the inlet and outlet of the cooling circulation pump via a cooling pipe, respectively. The rope mechanism includes a rope, hooks, and fixing rings. The fixing rings are located at the front of the battery pack housing and the chassis, respectively. The hooks are located at both ends of the rope, and the rope is connected to the fixing rings via the hooks, or the rope passes through a through hole at the front of the outer housing and is connected to the fixing rings.The triggering mechanism includes a collision sensor, a button, and a smoke detector, all mounted on the electric vehicle's body. These sensors, buttons, and smoke detectors are connected to the electric vehicle's electronic control unit (ECU) via wires. The gas compression mechanism includes an air compressor, an air tank, and a solenoid valve. The air compressor's outlet is connected to the air tank via a pipe. The air tank's outlet is connected to the outer casing, locking cylinder, left-side cylinder, and right-side cylinder via an air pipe. The solenoid valve is mounted on the air pipe. A pressure switch is mounted on the air tank. The air compressor is connected to the pressure switch via a wire, and the pressure switch is connected to the electrode of an independent power supply battery via a wire. The solenoid valve is connected to one electrode of the independent power supply battery via one wire and to the ECU via another wire. The ECU is connected to the other electrode of the independent power supply battery via a wire.

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