A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles

Abstract

The application discloses a safe anti-explosion charger for electric vehicles and relates to the technical field of chargers.The charger comprises a charger shell, an auxiliary mounting plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the charger shell, first heat dissipation grooves for preliminarily dissipating heat in the charger shell are formed in the two sides of the auxiliary mounting plate, an auxiliary box is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the auxiliary mounting plate, and an anti-explosion mechanism is arranged in the auxiliary box.The safe anti-explosion charger for electric vehicles can preliminarily dissipate heat when the charger is normally working, when the temperature in the charger abnormally rises, the deformation spring made of memory alloy is expanded by heat, the sealing limiting plate is slid in the auxiliary box, the arc-shaped elastic plate is extruded to be deformed outward, the arc-shaped elastic plate is arched to open the air vent, the heat in the charger can be quickly discharged outward through the auxiliary heat dissipation grooves, and the temperature and pressure in the charger are quickly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of charger technology, specifically to a safe and explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle chargers are devices used to replenish the power of electric vehicle batteries. During the charging process, due to the thermal effect of the current, the electronic components inside the charger will continuously generate heat. At the same time, excessively high external ambient temperatures will further increase the overall temperature inside the charger. If the heat inside the charger cannot be dissipated effectively in time, the internal pressure will continue to increase with the temperature. Working under high temperature and high pressure for a long time will not only accelerate the aging and wear of the internal components of the charger and shorten the lifespan of the charger, but in severe cases, it may also cause the charger to expand and explode, posing a great safety hazard.

[0003] Existing technology 1 (Chinese patent with publication number CN222591265U and publication date of 2025-03-11) discloses an electric vehicle charger, including a charger body and a ventilation device; the charger body includes a heating element disposed on the side wall of the charger body, and the side of the charger body with the heating element is connected to the side of the ventilation device. The ventilation device is used to dissipate heat from the charger body. By placing the ventilation device on the side of the charger body with the heating element and directly connecting the two side walls, the overall size of the charger can be effectively reduced, making it easier to carry.

[0004] There is also a prior art (Chinese patent CN103414219B, published on 2018-10-30) of an electric vehicle charger, including a housing. The housing does not have an internal fan for cooling. An insulating, heat-conducting liquid is sealed inside the housing. The electronic components and circuit boards that constitute the function of the electric vehicle charger are insulated and supported within the sealed housing containing the insulating, heat-conducting liquid. All or most of the electronic components of the electric vehicle charger are immersed in the liquid, allowing them to be in omnidirectional contact with the heat-conducting liquid. The input and output lines of the charger are insulated and sealed to the outside of the housing, forming a heat dissipation channel on the electric vehicle charger: the insulating, heat-conducting liquid transfers the heat from the electronic components of the electric vehicle charger to the housing, and then heat is dissipated through convection between the outer surface of the housing and the air. Because the electronic components of the electric vehicle charger are completely immersed in the liquid, allowing them to be in omnidirectional contact with the heat-conducting liquid, the heat conduction effect is far better than that of a fan. It also achieves waterproofing, dustproofing, and shockproofing, greatly reducing damage to the electric vehicle charger caused by the operating environment.

[0005] Most existing electric vehicle chargers rely solely on simple ventilation holes for heat dissipation, which can only meet basic heat dissipation needs under normal operating temperatures. They cannot automatically improve heat dissipation efficiency when the internal temperature rises abnormally, nor can they make explosion-proof adjustments in response to changes in internal pressure. Their explosion-proof protection performance is insufficient and cannot meet the requirements for safe charging.

[0006] Therefore, we propose a safe and explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a safe and explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Most existing electric vehicle chargers on the market rely solely on simple heat dissipation holes for heat dissipation, which can only meet the basic heat dissipation requirements under normal operating temperature. They cannot automatically improve heat dissipation efficiency when the internal temperature rises abnormally, nor can they make explosion-proof adjustments in response to changes in internal pressure. Their explosion-proof protection performance is insufficient and cannot meet the requirements for safe charging.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a safe and explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, comprising a charger housing, an auxiliary mounting plate fixedly connected to the lower surface of the charger housing, and first heat dissipation grooves for preliminary heat dissipation on both sides of the auxiliary mounting plate, an auxiliary box fixedly connected to the upper surface of the auxiliary mounting plate, and an explosion-proof mechanism provided inside the auxiliary box. The explosion-proof mechanism senses the temperature change inside the charger housing and causes the arc-shaped spring plate contained therein to deform, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the charger housing and preventing the charger housing from expanding and exploding due to excessive pressure caused by continuous temperature rise inside the charger housing.

[0009] Preferably, the explosion-proof mechanism includes a positioning plate, which is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary box. Three sets of positioning plates are provided, and two sets are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the auxiliary box located in the middle.

[0010] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning plate, and the guide plate extends to the first heat dissipation groove and is located above the first heat dissipation groove. At the same time, the guide plate is made of an elastic and deformable material, and the internal temperature of the charger housing is within the normal range, so the guide plate is in a horizontal state.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary box is slidably connected to a sealing limiting plate, and two sets of sealing limiting plates are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the auxiliary box. A deformation spring is fixedly connected between the side of the sealing limiting plate and the inner wall of the auxiliary box, and an arc-shaped spring plate is fixedly connected between the two sets of sealing limiting plates.

[0012] Preferably, the arc-shaped spring plate has an arc-shaped structure in the middle, and the auxiliary box has a ventilation groove on its side, which corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped spring plate. In the initial state, the outer side of the arc-shaped spring plate is in contact with the inner wall side of the ventilation groove.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the outer end of the arc-shaped elastic plate, and abutment plates are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the connecting plate. The positions of the abutment plates and the guide plates correspond one-to-one. In the initial state, the abutment plates and the guide plates are in contact.

[0014] Preferably, the deformation spring is made of shape memory alloy. Under normal temperature, the deformation spring is in a contracted state. When the internal temperature of the charger housing rises, the deformation spring is in an unfolded state. The two sets of deformation springs unfold and squeeze the arc-shaped spring plate, driving the arc-shaped spring plate to bulge outwards from the auxiliary box.

[0015] Preferably, the side of the sealing limiting plate is in contact with the inner wall of the auxiliary box, and the sealing limiting plate slides stably inside the auxiliary box to avoid displacement or misalignment.

[0016] Preferably, the auxiliary mounting plate has an auxiliary heat dissipation groove in the middle, and the auxiliary heat dissipation groove runs through the middle of the auxiliary box. When the charger housing is in a normal state, the arc-shaped spring plate initially blocks the ventilation groove. When the temperature is too high, the arc-shaped spring plate deforms and the middle of the arc-shaped spring plate arches outward. The heat inside the charger housing is further discharged outward through the auxiliary heat dissipation groove, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This explosion-proof electric vehicle charger utilizes a shape memory alloy deformation spring to sense changes in the charger's internal temperature, automatically triggering the adjustment of the explosion-proof heat dissipation mechanism. It eliminates the need for additional electronic control components, resulting in a simpler and more reliable structural design. When the internal temperature rises abnormally, it automatically opens the auxiliary heat dissipation path, rapidly improving heat dissipation efficiency and promptly reducing the internal temperature and pressure of the charger. After the temperature decreases, the deformation spring resets, and the device automatically returns to its initial state. This continuous cyclical automatic adjustment achieves a graded adjustment function, providing basic heat dissipation under normal temperatures and automatic enhanced heat dissipation under high temperatures. This effectively prevents explosions caused by excessive internal pressure in the charger, thus improving the safety performance of electric vehicle charging. The first heat dissipation slots on both sides of the auxiliary mounting plate can complete the initial heat dissipation when the charger is working normally. In conjunction with the explosion-proof mechanism, the heat dissipation level can be automatically adjusted. When the internal temperature of the charger rises abnormally, the shape memory alloy deformation spring is heated and unfolded, pushing the sealing limit plate to slide inside the auxiliary box, squeezing the arc-shaped spring plate to deform it outward. After the arc-shaped spring plate arches, it opens the vent slot, allowing the heat inside the charger to be quickly discharged to the outside through the auxiliary heat dissipation slot, and quickly reducing the internal temperature and pressure of the charger.

[0018] When the curved plate changes shape, it will drive the connecting plate and the contact plate to move outward simultaneously. The contact plate pushes the elastic guide plate to deflect downward. After the guide plate deflects, it can guide the heat discharged from the first heat dissipation slot to the outside, further improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0019] After the temperature drops, the deformation spring returns to its contracted state, and the arc-shaped spring plate and the guide plate will also reset simultaneously, resealing the venting groove to reduce the entry of external dust into the charger. It can automatically adjust the heat dissipation efficiency according to the internal temperature, effectively avoiding excessive internal pressure that could cause an explosion, thus improving the safety of the charger. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional bottom view structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the auxiliary mounting plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning plate of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the auxiliary heat dissipation groove of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the arc-shaped elastic plate of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the deformation spring of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting plate of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Charger housing; 2. Auxiliary mounting plate; 3. First heat dissipation slot; 4. Auxiliary heat dissipation slot; 5. Auxiliary box; 6. Positioning plate; 7. Guide plate; 8. Arc-shaped spring plate; 9. Deformation spring; 10. Sealing limit plate; 11. Ventilation slot; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Contact plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: As Figure 1 and Figure 2The present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, wherein an auxiliary mounting plate 2 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the charger housing 1, and the auxiliary mounting plate 2 has first heat dissipation grooves 3 on both sides for preliminary heat dissipation of internal heat.

[0024] The charger is equipped with a first heat dissipation slot 3, which can continuously dissipate the heat generated inside the charger housing 1 to the outside during normal charging operation, thus meeting the basic heat dissipation requirements under normal working conditions.

[0025] Example 2: To further improve the charger's heat dissipation efficiency and explosion-proof performance, this example adds an automatic temperature control explosion-proof structure based on Example 1. This structure automatically triggers a temperature control explosion-proof mechanism that senses changes in the internal temperature of the charger housing 1. When the internal temperature of the charger housing 1 exceeds the normal range, it automatically increases the heat dissipation efficiency and adjusts the pressure within the charger housing 1 to prevent an explosion caused by high temperature and high pressure. Figure 3 - Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, wherein an auxiliary box 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the auxiliary mounting plate 2, and an explosion-proof mechanism is provided inside the auxiliary box 5. The explosion-proof mechanism senses the temperature change inside the charger housing 1 and causes the arc-shaped spring plate 8 contained therein to deform, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the charger housing 1 and preventing the charger housing 1 from expanding and exploding due to excessive pressure caused by continuous temperature rise. The explosion-proof mechanism includes a positioning plate 6, which is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary box 5, and three sets of positioning plates 6 are provided. The auxiliary box 5 is located in the middle of the auxiliary box 5. Two sets of guide plates are symmetrically distributed at the center point of box 5. The inner side of the positioning plate 6 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 7, and the guide plate 7 extends to the first heat dissipation groove 3. The guide plate 7 is located above the first heat dissipation groove 3. The guide plate 7 is made of elastic deformable material. When the internal temperature of the charger housing 1 is within the normal range, the guide plate 7 is in a horizontal state. The auxiliary box 5 is slidably connected to the sealing limit plate 10. Two sets of sealing limit plates 10 are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the auxiliary box 5. The side of the sealing limit plate 10 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the auxiliary box 5 with a deformation spring 9. An arc-shaped spring plate 8 is fixedly connected between the two sets of sealing limit plates 10.

[0026] The arc-shaped spring plate 8 has an arc-shaped structure in the middle. The auxiliary box 5 has a ventilation groove 11 on its side, and the ventilation groove 11 corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped spring plate 8. In the initial state, the outer side of the arc-shaped spring plate 8 is in contact with the inner wall of the ventilation groove 11. The outer end of the arc-shaped spring plate 8 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 12, and the left and right sides of the connecting plate 12 are fixedly connected to abutment plates 13. The abutment plates 13 correspond one-to-one with the guide plate 7. In the initial state, the abutment plates 13 are in contact with the guide plate 7. The deformation spring 9 is made of shape memory alloy. Under normal temperature, the deformation spring 9 is in a contracted state. When the internal temperature of the charger housing 1 rises, the deformation spring 9 is in an unfolded state. The two sets of deformation springs 9 unfold and squeeze the arc-shaped spring plate 8, driving the arc-shaped spring plate 8 to bulge outwards towards the auxiliary box 5. The side of the sealing limit plate 10 is in contact with the inner wall of the auxiliary box 5. The sealing limit plate 10 slides stably inside the auxiliary box 5 to avoid displacement.

[0027] An auxiliary box 5 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the auxiliary mounting plate 2, and an explosion-proof mechanism is provided inside the auxiliary box 5. Under normal working conditions, the deformation spring 9 remains contracted. At this time, the arc-shaped spring plate 8 fits and blocks the ventilation groove 11, and the contact plate 13 abuts against the elastic guide plate 7, so that the guide plate 7 remains horizontal and will not obstruct the normal airflow of the first heat dissipation groove 3.

[0028] When the internal temperature of the charger housing 1 rises, the shape memory alloy deformation spring 9 will gradually unfold as the temperature rises. The unfolded deformation spring 9 pushes the two symmetrically arranged sealing limit plates 10 to slide towards the center inside the auxiliary box 5. After the two sets of sealing limit plates 10 move towards the center in sync, they squeeze the middle part of the arc-shaped spring plate 8, causing the arc-shaped spring plate 8, which was originally concave and attached to the vent groove 11, to bulge outward from the auxiliary box 5. During the process of the arc-shaped spring plate 8 arching outward, it will drive the connecting plate 12 and the contact plate 13 fixedly connected to its end to move outward in sync. After the contact plates 13 on both sides of the connecting plate 12 move in sync, they push the guide plate 7 at the corresponding position to deflect downward. The deflected guide plate 7 can guide the direction of the heat to be discharged, so that the heat discharged from the first heat dissipation groove 3 can be dissipated outward more quickly.

[0029] As the heat inside the charger is quickly dissipated and the temperature gradually returns to the normal range, the shape memory alloy deformation spring 9 returns to its contracted state, pulling the sealing limit plate 10 back to its original position. After the pressure on the arc-shaped spring plate 8 disappears, the arc-shaped spring plate 8 returns to its initial shape and re-fits to seal the vent groove 11. At the same time, when the arc-shaped spring plate 8 resets, it drives the connecting plate 12 and the contact plate 13 to reset synchronously. The contact plate 13 pushes the guide plate 7 back to its horizontal position, allowing the device to return to its initial state and continue to complete the normal charging operation. This automatically adjusts the heat dissipation efficiency and avoids excessive internal pressure that could cause an explosion, ensuring charging safety.

[0030] Example 3: Based on Example 2, an auxiliary heat dissipation structure is further added. After the arc-shaped spring plate 8 arches, the heat in the middle of the charger housing 1 is directly and quickly dissipated to the outside through the auxiliary heat dissipation structure, further improving the heat dissipation and voltage reduction efficiency under high temperature conditions, such as... Figure 6 - Figure 8 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, wherein an auxiliary heat dissipation groove 4 is provided in the middle of the auxiliary mounting plate 2, and the auxiliary heat dissipation groove 4 penetrates the middle of the auxiliary box 5. When the charger housing 1 is in a normal state, the arc-shaped spring plate 8 initially blocks the ventilation groove 11. When the temperature is too high, the arc-shaped spring plate 8 deforms, and the middle of the arc-shaped spring plate 8 arches outward. The heat inside the charger housing 1 is further discharged outward through the auxiliary heat dissipation groove 4, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0031] When the internal temperature and pressure of the charger housing 1 continue to rise due to abnormal charging or excessively high ambient temperature, the explosion-proof mechanism can sense the temperature change and automatically drive the arc-shaped spring plate 8 to deform, opening additional heat dissipation channels, improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency of the charger housing 1, and quickly reducing the internal temperature and pressure of the charger housing 1 to prevent the charger housing 1 from expanding and exploding due to excessive pressure caused by the continuous rise in temperature.

[0032] When the internal temperature of the charger housing 1 rises abnormally, the deformation spring 9 gradually unfolds as the temperature rises, pushing the two symmetrically arranged sealing limit plates 10 to slide towards the center inside the auxiliary box 5. The sealing limit plates 10 squeeze the arc-shaped spring plate 8, causing the arc-shaped spring plate 8 to bulge outwards from the auxiliary box 5. After the arc-shaped spring plate 8 deforms and arches, the originally blocked ventilation slot 11 is opened. At this time, the heat inside the charger housing 1 can be directly and quickly discharged outwards through the auxiliary heat dissipation slot 4 that penetrates the auxiliary mounting plate 2 and the auxiliary box 5, greatly increasing the amount of heat discharged per unit time.

[0033] When the heat in the charger housing 1 is dissipated and the temperature drops, the shape memory alloy deformation spring 9 will gradually return to its initial contracted state, causing the arc-shaped spring plate 8 to re-adhere to the sealing vent groove 11. The contact plate 13 releases its pressure on the guide plate 7, and the guide plate 7 returns to its initial horizontal state. The device returns to its initial working state, reducing the amount of external dust entering the charger housing 1.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles, comprising a charger housing (1), wherein an auxiliary mounting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the charger housing (1), and the auxiliary mounting plate (2) has first heat dissipation grooves (3) on both sides for preliminary heat dissipation of internal heat, characterized in that, The auxiliary mounting plate (2) is fixedly connected to an auxiliary box (5), and the auxiliary box (5) is equipped with an explosion-proof mechanism. The explosion-proof mechanism senses the temperature change inside the charger housing (1) and causes the arc-shaped spring plate (8) contained therein to deform, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the charger housing (1) and preventing the charger housing (1) from expanding and exploding due to excessive pressure caused by continuous temperature rise.

2. The explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof mechanism includes a positioning plate (6), which is fixedly connected to the side of the auxiliary box (5). There are three sets of positioning plates (6), and two sets of auxiliary boxes (5) are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the auxiliary box (5) in the middle.

3. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning plate (6) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the guide plate (7), and the guide plate (7) extends to the first heat dissipation groove (3). The guide plate (7) is located above the first heat dissipation groove (3). At the same time, the guide plate (7) is made of elastic deformable material. When the internal temperature of the charger housing (1) is within the normal range, the guide plate (7) is in a horizontal state.

4. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary box (5) is internally slidably connected with a sealing limiting plate (10), and two sets of sealing limiting plates (10) are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the auxiliary box (5). A deformation spring (9) is fixedly connected between the side of the sealing limiting plate (10) and the inner wall of the auxiliary box (5). An arc-shaped spring plate (8) is fixedly connected between the two sets of sealing limiting plates (10).

5. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped spring plate (8) is arranged in an arc shape in the middle. The auxiliary box (5) has a ventilation groove (11) on its side, and the ventilation groove (11) corresponds to the position of the arc-shaped spring plate (8). In the initial state, the outer side of the arc-shaped spring plate (8) is in contact with the inner wall side of the ventilation groove (11).

6. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer end of the arc-shaped spring plate (8) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (12), and both the left and right sides of the connecting plate (12) are fixedly connected to abutting plates (13), and the positions of the abutting plates (13) and the guide plate (7) correspond one-to-one. In the initial state, the abutting plates (13) and the guide plate (7) are in contact.

7. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deformation spring (9) is made of shape memory alloy. Under normal temperature, the deformation spring (9) is in a contracted state. When the internal temperature of the charger housing (1) rises, the deformation spring (9) is in an unfolded state. The two sets of deformation springs (9) unfold and squeeze the arc-shaped spring plate (8), driving the arc-shaped spring plate (8) to bulge outwards towards the auxiliary box (5).

8. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side of the sealing limiting plate (10) is in contact with the inner wall of the auxiliary box (5), and the sealing limiting plate (10) slides stably inside the auxiliary box (5) to avoid displacement.

9. A safety explosion-proof charger for electric vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The auxiliary mounting plate (2) has an auxiliary heat dissipation groove (4) in the middle, and the auxiliary heat dissipation groove (4) passes through the middle of the auxiliary box (5). When the charger housing (1) is in a normal state, the arc-shaped spring plate (8) initially blocks the ventilation groove (11). When the temperature is too high, the arc-shaped spring plate (8) deforms and the middle of the arc-shaped spring plate (8) arches outward. The heat inside the charger housing (1) is further discharged outward through the auxiliary heat dissipation groove (4), thereby improving the heat discharge efficiency.

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