Rear subframe with through beam and double bush structure

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of vehicle frames, and discloses a rear subframe with a through cross beam and a double-bushing structure, which comprises a frame main body, one end of the frame main body is provided with a rear front lower control arm left, the other end of the frame main body is provided with a steering machine mounting point right, and the inside of the frame main body is provided with an energy absorption mechanism. The energy absorption rod, the baffle, the preset groove, the oil guide block and the pressing cylinder are cooperated, when the vehicle is impacted, the pressing cylinder moves inward to extrude the baffle, the oil in the energy absorption rod and the pressing cylinder flows into the array channels of the multiple oil guide blocks through the broken baffle at the preset groove, the length of the oil guide block is arrayed from long to short, so that the oil is subjected to throttling resistance in the gradually narrowed flow channel, the collision kinetic energy is converted into hydraulic heat energy and gradually dissipated, the peak impact force in the initial stage of the collision is reduced, and finally the effect of realizing rapid hydraulic buffering in a limited space and reducing the impact load of the passenger compartment is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vehicle frame technology, specifically a rear subframe with a through crossbeam and double bushing structure. Background Technology

[0002] The rear subframe is an important component of the automotive chassis suspension system. It serves as an intermediate buffer connecting the suspension and the vehicle body, and is also a mounting platform for key components such as the rear drive assembly, control arms, stabilizer bars, and steering gear. With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the dual-motor drive architecture has gradually become the mainstream. The rear subframe not only needs to support traditional suspension components, but also needs to withstand the additional loads and vibrations of the dual-motor system. In vehicle collision accidents, the rear subframe, as one of the main structures involved in the transmission of collision force, plays a crucial role in protecting the safety of occupants due to its energy absorption and buffering performance.

[0003] Publication No. CN221541723U discloses a subframe assembly and a vehicle. The subframe assembly includes a first longitudinal beam, a second longitudinal beam, a front crossbeam, and a rear crossbeam spaced apart from the front crossbeam. The first longitudinal beam includes a first longitudinal portion and a first transverse portion. The first transverse portion is connected between the front end of the first longitudinal portion and the first end of the front crossbeam. The end of the first longitudinal portion away from the first transverse portion is connected to the first end of the rear crossbeam. The second longitudinal beam includes a second longitudinal portion and a second transverse portion. The second transverse portion is connected between the front end of the second longitudinal portion and the second end of the front crossbeam. The end of the second longitudinal portion away from the second transverse portion is connected to the second end of the rear crossbeam. This design improves the cross-sectional force of the subframe assembly in a small offset collision, reduces intrusion into the passenger compartment, and simultaneously considers the vehicle's economy and collision performance requirements. It also ensures the effective crumple stability of the first and second longitudinal beams.

[0004] When in use, this device can absorb collision energy through the longitudinal beam structure and crush space, increase the force of small offset collision sections and reduce intrusion into the passenger compartment. However, it cannot achieve multi-stage progressive energy absorption and buffering in a limited space. After a collision, the lack of a self-locking mechanism makes it prone to rebound and secondary injury. Therefore, a rear subframe with a through crossbeam and double bushing structure is proposed. It can achieve rapid buffering in the early stage of a collision and continuous energy dissipation in the later stage through an internally integrated hydraulic damping and mechanical composite two-stage energy absorption mechanism. At the same time, it prevents rebound through ratchet locking, which significantly improves the safety protection of occupants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a rear subframe with a through crossbeam and a double bushing structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure, comprising a frame body, a left rear front lower control arm mounted at one end of the frame body, a left rear upper control arm mounted at the other end of the frame body, a left rear front upper control arm at one end of the frame body, a left rear lower control arm at the other end of the frame body, a left steering gear mounting point at one end of the frame body, a front suspension connection point for the powertrain at the other end of the frame body, a stabilizer bar mounting point at one end of the frame body, a right rear front lower control arm at the other end of the frame body, a right rear upper control arm at one end of the frame body, a right rear front upper control arm at the other end of the frame body, a right rear lower control arm at one end of the frame body, a right steering gear mounting point at the other end of the frame body, and an energy absorption mechanism installed inside the frame body; The energy-absorbing mechanism includes an energy-absorbing rod, a pressure cylinder, a baffle plate, and a preset groove. The energy-absorbing rod is fixed inside the vehicle frame body. The pressure cylinder is slidably disposed inside the energy-absorbing rod and forms a cavity for containing hydraulic medium between the pressure cylinder and the energy-absorbing rod. The baffle plate is fixed inside the energy-absorbing rod and located on one side of the pressure cylinder. The preset groove is opened on the baffle plate. When the pressure cylinder is subjected to axial compressive force, it slides along the energy-absorbing rod and compresses the baffle plate. The baffle plate breaks along the preset groove to release the hydraulic medium in the cavity.

[0007] The above scheme is adopted: a hydraulic medium cavity is formed by a pressure cylinder that can be slidably set inside the energy-absorbing rod. When there is a collision, the pressure cylinder slides along the energy-absorbing rod and squeezes the baffle. After the baffle breaks along the preset groove, the hydraulic medium in the cavity is released and flows out, providing a medium source for subsequent hydraulic buffering, thus forming the structural basis of the first stage of energy absorption.

[0008] Preferably, the energy-absorbing rod is further provided with multiple sets of oil guide blocks, which are arranged along the axial direction of the energy-absorbing rod to form a graded throttling channel with a progressively changing cross-section, used to guide the hydraulic medium flowing out through the baffle rupture opening in a step-by-step manner to dissipate collision energy.

[0009] The above scheme is adopted: multiple sets of oil guide blocks are arranged along the axial direction of the energy-absorbing rod to form a graded throttling channel with a progressively changing flow channel cross section. After the hydraulic medium flows out through the baffle rupture port, it flows through the channel between each set of oil guide blocks in sequence. At the point where the flow channel cross section changes, it is subjected to throttling resistance. The collision kinetic energy is converted into hydraulic heat energy and dissipated outward through the tube wall of the energy-absorbing rod, which rapidly reduces the peak impact force in the early stage of the collision.

[0010] Preferably, the multiple sets of oil guide blocks are arranged in an array from long to short, with a smaller flow channel cross-section at the longer oil guide blocks to provide greater flow resistance, and a larger flow channel cross-section at the shorter oil guide blocks to provide less flow resistance, forming a graded throttling channel from narrow to wide.

[0011] The above scheme is adopted: the guide blocks are distributed in an array from long to short, so that the cross-section of the flow channel changes from small to large in a gradient. The hydraulic medium is subject to greater flow resistance at the longer guide blocks and the flow resistance gradually decreases at the shorter guide blocks, forming a graded throttling channel from narrow to wide. This makes the dissipation process of hydraulic damping change gradually, avoiding the instantaneous large flow of hydraulic medium that would lead to insufficient damping effect.

[0012] Preferably, the baffle is provided in two sets, and the two sets of baffles are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the energy-absorbing rod. The preset groove is annular and located at one end of the baffle. One end of the pressure cylinder is a pointed structure. When the baffle is squeezed, the pointed structure causes stress concentration along the preset groove and causes the baffle to break.

[0013] The above scheme is adopted: the two sets of baffles are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the energy-absorbing rod so that the pressure cylinder is subjected to uniform force on both sides. When the pressure cylinder tip structure squeezes the baffles, stress concentration occurs at the annular preset groove due to the sudden change in cross section, so that the baffles break along the predetermined path of the preset groove rather than being randomly torn, ensuring that the opening position of the hydraulic medium release channel is controllable and the rupture mode is predictable.

[0014] Preferably, the energy-absorbing mechanism further includes a ratchet, a connecting rod, a ratchet tooth, and a torsion spring. The ratchet is fixed to the outside of the pressure cylinder and moves synchronously with the pressure cylinder. The connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inside of the energy-absorbing rod. The ratchet tooth is fixed to one end of the connecting rod. The torsion spring is installed on the connecting rod and applies a torsional force to the connecting rod to keep the ratchet tooth engaged with the ratchet tooth.

[0015] The above scheme is adopted: the ratchet moves synchronously with the pressure cylinder, the torsion spring applies a torsional force to the connecting rod so that the ratchet continuously presses against the ratchet. When the pressure cylinder moves inward, the inclined surface of the ratchet pushes the ratchet to make way and pass. After the collision force is reduced, the ratchet is locked into the ratchet groove under the action of the torsion spring's restoring force to achieve self-locking and prevent the pressure cylinder from retreating under the action of the elastic restoring force of the frame body.

[0016] Preferably, the ratchet teeth are provided in four sets, and the four sets of ratchet teeth are arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the pressure cylinder. The connecting rods are provided in four sets and arranged in a circular array. The torsion springs are provided in two sets, and the two sets of torsion springs are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the connecting rods.

[0017] The above scheme employs a four-group ratchet array distributed in a ring around the central axis of the pressure cylinder, and a four-group connecting rod array distributed in a synchronous ring around the central axis of the pressure cylinder. This ensures that the locking force is evenly distributed along the circumference of the pressure cylinder, preventing excessive force on one side of the ratchet from causing tooth damage or locking failure. The two groups of torsion springs are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the connecting rod, ensuring smooth rotation and balanced force on the connecting rod.

[0018] Preferably, the ratchet has several sets of teeth at its tip, and the teeth of the ratchet have guide slopes that are inclined toward the inward movement direction of the pressure cylinder. When the pressure cylinder moves inward, the guide slopes of the teeth push the ratchet to make way, and when the pressure cylinder moves back in the opposite direction, the ratchet gets stuck in the groove of the adjacent teeth to achieve locking.

[0019] The above scheme is adopted: the guide slope of the tooth allows the ratchet to smoothly move along the slope without jamming when the pressure cylinder is pushed inward. After the collision, when the pressure cylinder retracts in the opposite direction, the ratchet directly locks into the adjacent tooth groove to form a reverse stop, realizing the function of one-way passage and reverse locking. The locking position can be switched between multiple tooth grooves to adapt to the compression stroke under different collision intensities.

[0020] Preferably, the energy-absorbing mechanism further includes a bellows, a buffer spring, large steel balls, and small steel balls. The bellows is fixed inside the energy-absorbing rod. Under axial compressive force, the bellows undergoes corrugation deformation to dissipate energy through material plastic deformation. The large steel balls fill the interior of the bellows. The buffer spring is installed inside the energy-absorbing rod and absorbs collision energy through elastic deformation. The small steel balls fill the interior of the energy-absorbing rod and are distributed in the gaps between the large steel balls. The large and small steel balls form a graded filling structure.

[0021] The above scheme is adopted: after the first-stage hydraulic buffer is completed, the remaining collision energy is absorbed by the second-stage mechanical buffer structure. The buffer spring absorbs energy through elastic deformation, the bellows dissipates energy through plastic deformation of the pipe wall folds, and large and small steel balls are filled in stages inside the energy-absorbing rod to form a multi-point contact force transmission network, which disperses the concentrated impact load to a larger contact area and reduces local stress concentration. The second-stage mechanical buffer and the first-stage hydraulic buffer are connected in sequence to form a gradual energy absorption process.

[0022] Preferably, the large steel balls are arranged in several groups and distributed in an array, and the small steel balls are arranged in several groups. The large steel balls and the small steel balls form a multi-point contact force transmission network. The large steel balls bear the main force transmission role, and the small steel balls fill the gaps and help to disperse the load.

[0023] The above scheme is adopted: the large steel ball array is distributed to bear the main collision force transmission. When adjacent large steel balls are compressed, they squeeze and roll against each other to generate friction and dissipate energy. Small steel balls fill the gaps between large steel balls so that there are no voids between the steel balls. The load is transmitted and dispersed step by step through the multi-point contact between large and small steel balls, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause steel balls to break or the tube wall to perforate.

[0024] Preferably, the buffer spring is used to compress the inner wall of the energy-absorbing rod. When the bellows is compressed, the large steel balls squeeze each other and generate rolling friction, converting part of the collision kinetic energy into heat energy. The bellows, large steel balls, buffer spring and small steel balls work together to form a two-stage mechanical buffer structure.

[0025] The above scheme employs the following approach: the buffer spring compresses the inner wall of the energy-absorbing rod to provide pre-tightening support; when the bellows is compressed, the large steel balls squeeze against each other and generate rolling friction, converting the collision kinetic energy into heat energy. The three energy dissipation methods—the elastic energy storage of the buffer spring, the energy dissipation of the plastic deformation of the bellows, and the energy dissipation of the friction between the large and small steel balls—work together to extend the duration of the secondary mechanical buffer, ultimately achieving the effect of multi-stage progressive energy absorption and graded buffering of large and small steel balls to improve the overall collision safety protection performance.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes a combination of structures including an energy-absorbing rod, baffles, a pre-set groove, oil guide blocks, and a pressure cylinder. When a vehicle is impacted, the pressure cylinder moves inward to compress the baffles. The oil inside the energy-absorbing rod and pressure cylinder flows through the baffles that break at the pre-set groove into an array of multiple sets of oil guide blocks. The oil guide blocks are distributed in an array from longest to shortest, causing the oil to experience throttling resistance in the progressively narrowing flow channels. This converts the impact kinetic energy into hydraulic heat energy and gradually dissipates it. The graded guiding effect of the multiple sets of oil guide blocks extends the oil flow path, increases the duration and buffer stroke of hydraulic damping, and reduces the peak impact force at the initial stage of the collision. Ultimately, this achieves the effect of rapid hydraulic buffering and reducing the impact load on the passenger compartment within a limited space.

[0027] This invention utilizes a combination of ratchet, connecting rod, ratchet teeth, and torsion springs. During the inward movement of the pressure cylinder upon impact, the torsion spring drives the connecting rod to rotate, causing the ratchet teeth to press against each other. The teeth at the tips of the ratchet teeth engage with each other to form a one-way lock, preventing the pressure cylinder from moving back after compression. The four sets of connecting rods arranged in a circular array ensure even transmission of locking force, preventing unilateral force from causing locking failure. After energy absorption during the impact, the ratchet mechanism holds the pressure cylinder in the compressed position, preventing the frame from rebounding under elastic restoring force. Ultimately, this achieves self-locking after impact and eliminates the risk of secondary injury caused by rebound.

[0028] This invention utilizes a combination of structures including bellows, large steel balls, buffer springs, and small steel balls. After the first stage of hydraulic buffering, the buffer springs absorb the remaining collision energy through elastic deformation under pressure. During axial compression, the bellows further dissipates energy through wall folding deformation. The large steel balls are arranged in an array inside the bellows, and when compressed, they roll against each other, generating friction to dissipate energy. The small steel balls fill the gaps between the large steel balls. The graded combination of large and small steel balls forms a multi-point contact force transmission network, dispersing the concentrated impact load to a larger contact area, reducing local stress concentration, and extending the duration of the second stage of mechanical buffering. Ultimately, this achieves the effect of multi-stage progressive energy absorption and graded buffering by large and small steel balls working together to improve the overall collision safety protection performance. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the overall right-side view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged cross-sectional view of point A in the middle section; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged cross-sectional view of section B in the middle section; Figure 10 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the energy absorption mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Left rear lower control arm; 3. Left rear upper control arm; 4. Left rear upper control arm; 5. Left rear lower control arm; 6. Left steering gear mounting point; 7. Powertrain front suspension connection point; 8. Stabilizer bar mounting point; 9. Right rear lower control arm; 10. Right rear upper control arm; 11. Right rear upper control arm; 12. Right rear lower control arm; 13. Right steering gear mounting point; 14. Energy absorption mechanism; 1401. Energy absorption rod; 1402. Baffle; 1403. Preset groove; 1404. Oil guide block; 1405. Pressure cylinder; 1406. Ratchet; 1407. Connecting rod; 1408. Ratchet; 1409. Torsion spring; 1410. Bellows; 1411. Large steel ball; 1412. Buffer spring; 1413. Small steel ball. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the present invention provides a rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure. A left rear front lower control arm 2 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a left rear upper control arm 3 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, a left rear front upper control arm 4 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a left rear lower control arm 5 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, a left steering gear mounting point 6 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a front powertrain suspension connection point 7 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, a stabilizer bar mounting point 8 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a right rear front lower control arm 9 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, a right rear upper control arm 10 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a right rear front upper control arm 11 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, a right rear lower control arm 12 is mounted at one end of the main frame 1, a right steering gear mounting point 13 is mounted at the other end of the main frame 1, and an energy-absorbing mechanism 14 is installed inside the main frame 1.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the energy absorption mechanism 14 includes an energy absorption rod 1401, a pressure cylinder 1405, a baffle 1402, and a preset groove 1403. The energy absorption rod 1401 is fixed inside the frame body 1. The pressure cylinder 1405 is slidably disposed inside the energy absorption rod 1401 and forms a cavity for containing hydraulic medium between the pressure cylinder 1401 and the energy absorption rod 1401. The baffle 1402 is fixed inside the energy absorption rod 1401 and located on one side of the pressure cylinder 1405. The preset groove 1403 is formed on the baffle 1402. When the pressure cylinder 1405 is subjected to axial compressive force, it slides along the energy absorption rod 1401 and compresses the baffle 1402. The baffle 1402 breaks along the preset groove 1403 to release the hydraulic medium in the cavity. Multiple sets of oil guide blocks 1404 are also fixed inside the energy absorption rod 1401. The multiple sets of oil guide blocks 1404 are arranged along the axial direction of the energy absorption rod 1401. The flow channel is arranged in a stepped manner with a progressively changing cross-section. This is used to guide the hydraulic medium flowing out through the rupture opening of the baffle 1402 in a stepwise manner to dissipate the collision energy. Multiple sets of guide blocks 1404 are arranged in an array with their lengths decreasing from long to short. The flow channel cross-section at the longer guide blocks 1404 is smaller to provide greater flow resistance, while the flow channel cross-section at the shorter guide blocks 1404 is larger to provide less flow resistance, thus forming a stepped flow channel that increases from narrow to wide. Two sets of baffles 1402 are provided, and the two sets of baffles 1402 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the energy-absorbing rod 1401. The preset groove 1403 is annular and located at one end of the baffle 1402. One end of the pressure cylinder 1405 is a pointed structure. When the pointed structure compresses the baffle 1402, it causes stress concentration along the preset groove 1403, resulting in the baffle 1402 rupturing.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, the energy absorption mechanism 14 also includes a ratchet 1406, a connecting rod 1407, a ratchet tooth 1408, and a torsion spring 1409. The ratchet 1406 is fixed to the outside of the pressure cylinder 1405 and moves synchronously with the pressure cylinder 1405. The connecting rod 1407 is rotatably connected to the inside of the energy absorption rod 1401. The ratchet tooth 1408 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 1407. The torsion spring 1409 is installed on the connecting rod 1407 and applies a torsional force to the connecting rod 1407, causing the ratchet tooth 1408 to maintain a tendency to mesh with the ratchet tooth 1406. There are four sets of ratchet teeth 1406. The central axis of the pressure cylinder 1405 is arranged in a circular array. Four sets of connecting rods 1407 are arranged in a circular array. Two sets of torsion springs 1409 are arranged, and the two sets of torsion springs 1409 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the connecting rods 1407. The teeth at the top of the ratchet 1406 are arranged in several sets. The teeth of the ratchet 1406 have guide slopes that are inclined toward the inward movement direction of the pressure cylinder 1405. When the pressure cylinder 1405 is pushed inward, the guide slopes of the teeth push the ratchet 1408 to make way. When the pressure cylinder 1405 is retracted in the opposite direction, the ratchet 1408 is locked into the groove of the adjacent teeth.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the energy absorption mechanism 14 also includes a bellows 1410, a buffer spring 1412, large steel balls 1411, and small steel balls 1413. The bellows 1410 is fixed inside the energy absorption rod 1401. Under axial compressive force, the bellows 1410 undergoes corrugation deformation to dissipate energy through material plastic deformation. The large steel balls 1411 fill the interior of the bellows 1410. The buffer spring 1412 is installed inside the energy absorption rod 1401 and absorbs collision energy through elastic deformation. The small steel balls 1413 fill the interior of the energy absorption rod 1401 and are distributed in the gaps between the large steel balls 1411. The large steel balls 1411 and the small steel balls 1413 form a... The graded filling structure consists of several groups of large steel balls 1411 arranged in an array, and several groups of small steel balls 1413. The large steel balls 1411 and small steel balls 1413 form a multi-point contact force transmission network. The large steel balls 1411 bear the main force transmission role, while the small steel balls 1413 fill the gaps and help distribute the load. The buffer spring 1412 is used to compress the inner wall of the energy-absorbing rod 1401. When the bellows 1410 is compressed, the large steel balls 1411 squeeze each other and generate rolling friction, converting some of the collision kinetic energy into heat energy. The bellows 1410, large steel balls 1411, buffer spring 1412 and small steel balls 1413 work together to form a two-stage mechanical buffer structure.

[0036] The above scheme is adopted as follows: When the main body of the frame 1 is impacted, the two ends of the energy-absorbing rod 1401 are squeezed, and the pressure cylinder 1405 moves inward, so that the pressure cylinder 1405 squeezes the baffle 1402 and pushes it towards the preset groove 1403. This allows the oil inside the energy-absorbing rod 1401 and the pressure cylinder 1405 to pass through multiple sets of oil guide blocks 1404 for buffering. The torsion spring 1409 rotates the connecting rod 1407 and the ratchet 1408, so that the ratchet 1408 squeezes the ratchet 1406, making the ratchet 1406 and the pressure cylinder 1405 unable to move back. The bellows 1410 and the buffer spring 1412 can perform secondary buffering, and the buffering effect is improved by the large steel ball 1411 and the small steel ball 1413.

[0037] The working principle and usage process of this invention: The main body of the vehicle frame 1 is a frame structure. At one end of the main body of the vehicle frame 1, the left rear front lower control arm 2, the left rear upper control arm 3, the left rear front upper control arm 4, the left rear lower control arm 5, the left steering gear mounting point 6, and the powertrain front suspension connection point 7 are installed in sequence. At the other end of the main body of the vehicle frame 1, the right rear front lower control arm 9, the right rear upper control arm 10, the right rear front upper control arm 11, the right rear lower control arm 12, and the right steering gear mounting point 13 are installed in sequence. The control arm mounting points and steering gear mounting points on the left and right sides are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the main body of the vehicle frame 1. Each control arm of the vehicle rear suspension is connected to the main body of the vehicle frame 1 through the corresponding mounting point. The steering gear and the powertrain are fixed to the main body of the vehicle frame 1 through the left steering gear mounting point 6, the right steering gear mounting point 13, and the powertrain front suspension connection point 7, respectively. The energy absorption mechanism 14 is installed inside the main body of the vehicle frame 1 and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the main body of the vehicle frame 1.

[0038] When the vehicle is subjected to a rearward collision, the impact force is transmitted from the rear of the vehicle to the frame body 1. The energy-absorbing rods 1401 at both ends of the frame body 1 are simultaneously subjected to axial compressive force. Under the action of compressive force, the pressure cylinder 1405 moves inward along the inside of the energy-absorbing rod 1401. One end of the pressure cylinder 1405 is a pointed structure. During the inward movement of the pressure cylinder 1405, its pointed tip first contacts the baffle 1402. The baffle 1402 is provided in two sets and is symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the energy-absorbing rod 1401. The preset groove 1403 is opened in a ring shape and is located at one end of the baffle 1402. The pointed tip of the pressure cylinder 1405 applies pressure to the baffle 1402. The baffle 1402 breaks due to stress concentration at the preset groove 1403. The oil filled inside the energy-absorbing rod 1401 and the pressure cylinder 1405 flows out through the break in the baffle 1402.

[0039] After the oil flows out, it enters the area where the oil guide block 1404 is located. There are three sets of oil guide blocks 1404 arranged in an array with their lengths decreasing from long to short. The oil flows through the channels between the three sets of oil guide blocks 1404 in sequence. The flow channel cross-section at the longer oil guide block 1404 is smaller, and the oil encounters greater flow resistance when passing through it. The flow channel cross-section at the shorter oil guide block 1404 is larger, and the flow resistance decreases step by step when the oil passes through it. The three sets of oil guide blocks 1404 form a graded throttling channel from narrow to wide. When the oil flows in the graded throttling channel, it converts the collision kinetic energy into hydraulic heat energy. The hydraulic heat energy is conducted outward and dissipated through the pipe wall of the energy-absorbing rod 1401, completing the first-stage hydraulic buffering process.

[0040] As the pressure cylinder 1405 moves inward, the ratchet teeth 1406 on the outside of the pressure cylinder 1405 move inward simultaneously. Four sets of ratchet teeth 1406 are arranged in a circular array about the central axis of the pressure cylinder 1405. A connecting rod 1407 is rotatably connected to the inside of the energy-absorbing rod 1401. Four sets of connecting rods 1407 are arranged in a circular array. Two sets of torsion springs 1409 are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the connecting rods 1407. The torsion springs 1409 apply a torsional force to the connecting rods 1407. One end of the connecting rod 1407 is fixed with a ratchet tooth 1408. Under the driving force of the torsion springs 1409, the connecting rod... The connecting rod 1407 drives the ratchet 1408 to rotate towards the ratchet 1406. The ratchet 1408 engages with the teeth at the top of the ratchet 1406. The engagement direction of the ratchet 1406 and the ratchet 1408 is set to allow the pressure cylinder 1405 to move inward in one direction only. When the pressure cylinder 1405 is pushed inward under the action of the collision force, the inclined surface of the teeth of the ratchet 1406 pushes the ratchet 1408 to give way. When the collision force decreases or disappears, the ratchet 1408 is locked into the groove of the ratchet 1406 to prevent the ratchet 1406 from rotating in the opposite direction. The pressure cylinder 1405 is locked in the current position and cannot retract outward, completing the self-locking process after the collision.

[0041] After the primary hydraulic buffer and ratchet locking are completed, the remaining collision energy is absorbed by the secondary mechanical buffer structure. A bellows 1410 is fixed inside the energy-absorbing rod 1401. Under axial compressive force, the bellows 1410 undergoes corrugation deformation. During deformation, the wall of the bellows 1410 dissipates energy through plastic deformation. The interior of the bellows 1410 is filled with large steel balls 1411, arranged in several groups in an array. When the bellows 1410 is compressed, the large steel balls 1411 squeeze against each other and generate rolling friction. During the friction process, some of the collision kinetic energy is converted into heat energy. A buffer spring 1412 is installed inside the energy-absorbing rod 1401. The buffer spring 1412 stores and dissipates energy through elastic deformation during compression. Small steel balls 1413 are filled inside the energy-absorbing rod 1401. The small steel balls 1413 are placed between the gaps of the large steel balls 1411. The large steel balls 1411 and the small steel balls 1413 form a graded filling structure. The large steel balls 1411 bear the main force transmission role, while the small steel balls 1413 fill the gaps and help to disperse the load, thus completing the two-stage mechanical buffering process.

[0042] Throughout the energy absorption process, the first-stage hydraulic buffer occurs at the initial stage of the collision. After the pressure cylinder 1405 crushes the baffle 1402, the oil is throttled by the oil guide block array 1404, which rapidly reduces the peak impact force at the initial stage of the collision. Subsequently, the ratchet 1406 and ratchet 1408 engage to lock the position of the pressure cylinder 1405. The second-stage mechanical buffer takes over the absorption of the remaining energy after the hydraulic buffer. The buffer spring 1412, bellows 1410, and the graded filling structure of large steel ball 1411 and small steel ball 1413 work together to form a gradual energy absorption process by connecting the two stages of buffer in sequence.

[0043] When the vehicle is in normal driving condition, the energy absorption mechanism 14 is in the initial standby state, the baffle 1402 completely seals the oil passage, the pressure cylinder 1405 remains in the initial position, the oil in the oil guide block 1404 is stationary, and the frame body 1 transmits the load of the rear suspension system, steering gear and powertrain to the vehicle body through each mounting point. After the vehicle is involved in a collision, the energy absorption and locking are completed according to the above process. When the collision is repaired, the energy absorption mechanism 14 needs to be replaced as a whole.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rear subframe with a through crossbeam and double bushing structure, comprising a frame body (1), characterized in that: The frame body (1) is equipped with a left rear front lower control arm (2) at one end and a left rear upper control arm (3) at the other end. The frame body (1) is also equipped with a left rear front upper control arm (4) at one end and a left rear lower control arm (5) at the other end. The frame body (1) is equipped with a left steering gear mounting point (6) at one end and a front powertrain suspension connection point (7) at the other end. A stabilizer bar mounting point (8) is provided. A rear front lower control arm right (9) is provided at the other end of the frame body (1). A rear upper control arm right (10) is installed at one end of the frame body (1). A rear front upper control arm right (11) is installed at the other end of the frame body (1). A rear lower control arm right (12) is provided at one end of the frame body (1). A steering gear mounting point right (13) is provided at the other end of the frame body (1). An energy absorption mechanism (14) is installed inside the frame body (1). The energy absorption mechanism (14) includes an energy absorption rod (1401), a pressure cylinder (1405), a baffle (1402), and a preset groove (1403). The energy absorption rod (1401) is fixed inside the frame body (1). The pressure cylinder (1405) is slidably disposed inside the energy absorption rod (1401) and forms a cavity for accommodating hydraulic medium between the energy absorption rod (1401). The baffle (1402) is fixed inside the energy absorption rod (1401) and located on one side of the pressure cylinder (1405). The preset groove (1403) is opened on the baffle (1402). When the pressure cylinder (1405) is subjected to axial compressive force, it slides along the energy absorption rod (1401) and compresses the baffle (1402). The baffle (1402) breaks along the preset groove (1403) to release the hydraulic medium in the cavity.

2. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing rod (1401) is also fixed with multiple sets of oil guide blocks (1404). The multiple sets of oil guide blocks (1404) are arranged along the axial direction of the energy-absorbing rod (1401) to form a graded throttling channel with a progressively changing flow channel cross section. This channel is used to progressively throttle and guide the hydraulic medium flowing out through the rupture opening of the baffle (1402) to dissipate collision energy.

3. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple sets of oil guide blocks (1404) are arranged in an array from long to short. The flow channel cross-section at the longer oil guide blocks (1404) is smaller to provide greater flow resistance, while the flow channel cross-section at the shorter oil guide blocks (1404) is larger to provide less flow resistance, forming a graded throttling channel from narrow to wide.

4. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of baffles (1402) are provided, and the two sets of baffles (1402) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the energy-absorbing rod (1401). The preset groove (1403) is opened in a ring shape and is located at one end of the baffle (1402). One end of the pressure cylinder (1405) is a pointed structure. When the pointed structure squeezes the baffle (1402), it causes stress concentration along the preset groove (1403) and breaks the baffle (1402).

5. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy absorption mechanism (14) further includes a ratchet (1406), a connecting rod (1407), a tooth (1408), and a torsion spring (1409). The ratchet (1406) is fixed to the outside of the pressure cylinder (1405) and moves synchronously with the pressure cylinder (1405). The connecting rod (1407) is rotatably connected to the inside of the energy absorption rod (1401). The tooth (1408) is fixed to one end of the connecting rod (1407). The torsion spring (1409) is installed on the connecting rod (1407) and applies a torsional force to the connecting rod (1407) so that the tooth (1408) tends to engage with the tooth (1406).

6. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratchet (1406) is provided in four sets, and the four sets of ratchet (1406) are arranged in a ring array about the central axis of the pressure cylinder (1405). The connecting rod (1407) is provided in four sets and arranged in a ring array. The torsion spring (1409) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of torsion spring (1409) are symmetrically distributed about the central axis of the connecting rod (1407).

7. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratchet (1406) has several sets of teeth at its tip. The teeth of the ratchet (1406) have guide slopes that are inclined toward the inward movement direction of the pressure cylinder (1405). When the pressure cylinder (1405) moves inward, the guide slopes of the teeth push the ratchet (1408) to make way. When the pressure cylinder (1405) moves back in the opposite direction, the ratchet (1408) is locked into the groove of the adjacent teeth.

8. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing mechanism (14) also includes a bellows (1410), a buffer spring (1412), a large steel ball (1411), and a small steel ball (1413). The bellows (1410) is fixed inside the energy-absorbing rod (1401). The bellows (1410) undergoes folding deformation under axial compressive force to dissipate energy through material plastic deformation. The large steel ball (1411) fills the interior of the bellows (1410). The buffer spring (1412) is installed inside the energy-absorbing rod (1401) and absorbs collision energy through elastic deformation. The small steel ball (1413) fills the interior of the energy-absorbing rod (1401) and is distributed in the gaps between the large steel balls (1411). The large steel balls (1411) and the small steel balls (1413) form a graded filling structure.

9. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The large steel balls (1411) are arranged in several groups and distributed in an array, and the small steel balls (1413) are arranged in several groups. The large steel balls (1411) and the small steel balls (1413) form a multi-point contact force transmission network. The large steel balls (1411) undertake the main force transmission function, and the small steel balls (1413) fill the gaps and help disperse the load.

10. The rear subframe with a through beam and double bushing structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The buffer spring (1412) is used to compress the inner wall of the energy-absorbing rod (1401). When the bellows (1410) is compressed, the large steel balls (1411) squeeze each other and generate rolling friction, converting part of the collision kinetic energy into heat energy. The bellows (1410), large steel balls (1411), buffer spring (1412) and small steel balls (1413) work together to form a two-stage mechanical buffer structure.

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