A cryogenic liquid tank insulation system

Abstract

The application provides a cryogenic liquid tank heat insulation system, which comprises heat insulation plates arranged on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced with each other, the heat insulation plates comprise superposed inner heat insulation layers, middle heat insulation layers and outer heat insulation layers, gaps are formed between adjacent heat insulation plates, heat insulation sealing strips are arranged at the openings of the gaps close to the inner side of the tank wall, and the two side edges of the heat insulation sealing strips are tightly combined with the inner surfaces of the inner heat insulation layers respectively, so that a continuous contact interface is formed to block the penetration path of the low-temperature medium along the plate joint and ensure the sealing integrity. The gaps between the adjacent heat insulation plates are filled through a joint structure. In addition, inserts are fixed to the outer surfaces of the outer heat insulation layers, a plurality of inner threaded holes are formed in the inserts, a supporting rod crosses the gaps between the adjacent heat insulation plates, and the two ends of the supporting rod are fixedly connected with the inner threaded holes of the inserts on the two heat insulation plates through fasteners. During the process of laying the material layers to form the joint structure, a filler is filled between the outer surfaces of the material layers and the supporting rod to make the material layers compact and flat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding technology, and in particular to a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Liquefied gas carriers are important equipment for maritime energy transportation. Cryogenic liquid tanks, which adopt prismatic or spherical structures, have advantages such as strong self-sustaining capacity, good anti-sway performance, and no liquid level loading restrictions. They are widely used in the transportation of cryogenic media such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied ethane, and liquefied ethylene.

[0003] Cryogenic liquid tanks typically operate at temperatures as low as -163°C (LNG) to -89°C (ethane), making insulation systems a crucial technology for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of these tanks. The main functions of insulation systems include: reducing external heat transfer and lowering the evaporation rate of liquefied gases; protecting the hull structure from the effects of low temperatures; providing necessary structural support and cushioning; and ensuring the long-term reliability and maintainability of the system. Existing cryogenic liquid tank insulation systems mainly suffer from the following technical problems:

[0004] (1) Insufficient insulation layer thickness: such as the insulation systems disclosed in patents CN117262126A and CN117208142A, the total thickness of the insulation layer is usually 200-300mm, which is difficult to meet the increasingly stringent evaporation rate (BOR) design requirements for ultra-low temperature environments of -163℃.

[0005] (2) Inadequate joint treatment: Existing technologies (such as CN118323345A and CN118323343A) mainly use simple sealing strips or joint insulation boards to fill the joints. Thermal bridges are easily formed at the joints, affecting the overall insulation effect and making it difficult to guarantee the sealing performance.

[0006] (3) Large heat conduction loss in fixed connection: Existing fixed components (such as the fixed structures disclosed in CN120348406A and CN120397164A) mostly use metal screws for direct connection, and the heat conduction loss along the metal fixed parts is large, which reduces the overall thermal insulation efficiency of the system.

[0007] (4) Lack of multi-layer composite insulation structure: Existing technologies mostly adopt double-layer insulation structure (such as CN114458953A), which is difficult to meet the cold preservation requirements of ultra-low temperature liquid cargo, and lacks effective radiative heat shielding measures.

[0008] (5) The performance of the main shield small leakage protection system is not perfect: the existing technology has poor liquid tightness of the insulation layer, which makes it difficult to meet the performance requirements of IGC CODE for the main shield small leakage protection system of cryogenic liquid tank.

[0009] Therefore, developing a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system with a thicker insulation layer, improved joint treatment, and low thermal conductivity has significant engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the present invention provides a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system, including insulation panels laid on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced ​​together. The insulation panels include an inner insulation layer, a middle insulation layer and an outer insulation layer stacked together. The circumferential sidewall of the inner insulation layer is provided with an elastic layer.

[0011] Welded studs are fixed to the surface of the liquid tank. The studs are located in the gap between adjacent inner insulation layers. One end of the studs is connected to the welded studs, and the other end is used to fit the fixing plate and nut. Grooves are opened at the edge of the inner insulation layer. The fixing plate is pressed into the grooves of the inner insulation layers on both sides to press and position the insulation board as a whole.

[0012] A gap is formed between adjacent insulation panels. An insulation seal is installed at the inner opening of the gap near the bulkhead. The insulation seal covers the inner opening along the width of the gap, and the two sides of the insulation seal are in contact with the inner surface of the inner insulation layer of the insulation panels on both sides.

[0013] Optionally, a first reinforcing layer is provided between the inner insulation layer and the middle insulation layer, a second reinforcing layer is provided between the middle insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, and a surface protective layer is attached to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer.

[0014] Optionally, the first reinforcing layer is made of glass fiber mesh or carbon fiber mesh, and the second reinforcing layer is made of metal mesh or RSB.

[0015] Optionally, the gap between adjacent insulation panels is filled by a joint structure, which includes a first connecting layer, a first insulation block, a second connecting layer, and a second insulation block stacked together. The first connecting layer is used to connect the first reinforcing layers of the insulation panels on both sides, the second connecting layer is used to connect the second reinforcing layers of the insulation panels on both sides, the first insulation block is used to fill the gap between adjacent middle insulation layers, and the second insulation block is used to fill the gap between adjacent outer insulation layers.

[0016] Optionally, the first connecting layer is made of aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, and the second connecting layer is made of FSB.

[0017] Optionally, the first insulation block includes insulation material and elastic material arranged along the gap width direction, the elastic material is located on both sides of the insulation material, and the insulation material and the elastic material have the same thickness, and the elasticity of the insulation material is less than that of the elastic material.

[0018] Optionally, the second insulation block includes insulation material and side elastic material arranged along the gap width direction. The side elastic material is located on both sides of the insulation material. The insulation material and the side elastic material have the same thickness. The inner surface of the insulation material and the side elastic material is provided with inner elastic material. The sum of the widths of the insulation material and the side elastic material is equal to the width of the inner elastic material. The outer surface of the insulation material and the side elastic material is provided with outer elastic material. The sum of the widths of the insulation material and the side elastic material is less than the width of the outer elastic material.

[0019] Optionally, the outer insulation layer has a positioning ring groove along its outer surface circumferential edge, and the edge of the outer elastic material is embedded in the positioning ring groove and fixed by adhesive.

[0020] Optionally, the joint protection layer is applied at the joint of adjacent insulation panels and covers the outer surface of the second insulation block.

[0021] Optionally, the screw is a metal or wooden screw, and the fixing plate is a PCTFE or wooden fixing plate.

[0022] Optionally, an insert is fixed on the outer surface of the outer insulation layer, and the insert has several internal threaded holes; the strut spans the gap between adjacent insulation boards, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the internal threaded holes of the insert on the insulation boards on both sides by fasteners; during the process of laying each material layer to form a joint structure, a pressure material is filled between the outer surface of each material layer and the strut to make each material layer compacted and flat.

[0023] Optionally, the insert is elongated and arranged along the edge of the outer insulation layer.

[0024] As described above, this invention provides a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system. The system includes insulation panels laid on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced ​​together. Each insulation panel comprises an inner insulation layer, a middle insulation layer, and an outer insulation layer stacked together. First and second reinforcing layers are respectively provided between the inner and middle insulation layers, and between the middle and outer insulation layers. The first reinforcing layer uses a mesh fabric, and the second reinforcing layer uses a metal mesh or RSB (reinforced plastic sheeting), to improve insulation performance while ensuring overall strength. Gaps are formed between adjacent insulation panels. Insulation seals are installed at the inner openings of these gaps near the tank wall. The two sides of the insulation seals are tightly fitted to the inner surface of the inner insulation layer, forming a continuous contact interface to block the path of cryogenic medium penetration along the panel seams, ensuring sealing integrity. The gaps between adjacent insulation panels are filled by a joint structure. The first connecting layer in the joint structure uses aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, and the second connecting layer uses FSB (fiberglass reinforced plastic sheeting). These two connecting layers functionally form a complementary relationship between a radiation barrier and a flexible crack-resistant barrier, enhancing the stability of the insulation system under extreme operating conditions. In addition, inserts are fixed to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer. These inserts have several internally threaded holes. Support rods span the gap between adjacent insulation panels, and their ends are fixedly connected to the internally threaded holes of the inserts on both sides of the insulation panels using fasteners. The function of the support rods is to provide load-bearing points for the installation of the joint structure. During the process of laying the various material layers to form the joint structure, a compacting material is filled between the outer surface of each material layer and the support rods to ensure that each material layer is compacted and flat. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The diagram shows the splicing of the insulation panel on the surface of the liquid tank in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a single insulation panel in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a disassembled structural diagram of a single insulation panel in this invention.

[0028] Figure 4 The diagram shows the connection relationship between the joint structure and the insulation board in this invention.

[0029] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the fixing component in this invention.

[0030] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the first insulating block in this invention.

[0031] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the second insulation block in this invention.

[0032] Figure 8 The diagram shown is an assembly schematic of the strut in this invention.

[0033] Figure 9 The diagram shows the use of the strut and the pressure object in this invention.

[0034] Component designation explanation

[0035] 100-Insulation board; 200-Seam structure; 300-Fixing component; 101-Inner insulation layer; 102-Middle insulation layer; 103-Outer insulation layer; 104-First reinforcing layer; 105-Second reinforcing layer; 106-Elastic layer; 107-Surface protective layer; 108-Installation insert; 109-Insulation seal; 201-First connecting layer; 202-First insulation block; 203-Second connecting layer; 204- Second insulation block; 205-Joint protection layer; 2021-Insulation material; 2022-Elastic material; 2041-Insulation material; 2042-Side elastic material; 2043-Inner elastic material; 2044-Outer elastic material; 301-Screw; 302-Fixing plate; 303-Nut; 304-Welding stud; 401-Support rod; 402-Pressure material; 403-Bolt; 404-Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0037] In the detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged and not to scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0038] For ease of description, spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower than,” “below,” “above,” and “upper” may be used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the accompanying drawings and other elements or features. It will be understood that these spatial relation terms are intended to include directions other than those depicted in the drawings for the device in use or operation. Furthermore, when a layer is referred to as being “between” two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or there may be one or more layers in between. The phrase “between” as used herein includes both endpoint values.

[0039] In the context of this application, the structure described above the first feature may include embodiments in which the first and second features are formed in direct contact, or embodiments in which additional features are formed between the first and second features, such that the first and second features may not be in direct contact.

[0040] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only intended to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this invention provides a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system, including insulation panels 100 laid on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced ​​together. The insulation panel 100 includes an inner insulation layer 101, a middle insulation layer 102, and an outer insulation layer 103 stacked together. The outer contour of the middle insulation layer 102 does not exceed the outer contour of the inner insulation layer 101, and the outer contour of the outer insulation layer 103 does not exceed the outer contour of the middle insulation layer 102. The inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 are preferably made of PUF foam. The inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 can also be referred to as C-layer PUF foam, T-layer PUF foam, or W-layer PUF foam.

[0042] The inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 are made of insulation materials, including but not limited to polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene plastic, and phenolic foam. The materials of the inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 can be the same or different. The thicknesses of the inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 can be equal or unequal. Depending on the needs, the inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 of the insulation board 100 can be processed into triangular, quadrilateral, or arbitrary polygonal shapes, and the surface of each layer can be processed into a plane, a curved surface, or any complex surface. Preferably, the insulation board 100 adopts a quadrilateral structure with a planar surface.

[0043] Furthermore, a first reinforcing layer 104 is provided between the inner insulation layer 101 and the middle insulation layer 102, a second reinforcing layer 105 is provided between the middle insulation layer 102 and the outer insulation layer 103, and a surface protective layer 107 is attached to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer 103.

[0044] Specifically, the surface protective layer 107 is made of polymers, fiberglass, metal, etc., and is bonded to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer 103 by its own adhesiveness or an adhesive. The total thickness of the inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 is more than 250mm, and the materials include, but are not limited to, polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene plastic, phenolic foam, etc. The materials of the inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the outer insulation layer 103 can be the same or different.

[0045] The first reinforcing layer 104 can be made of materials such as fiberglass mesh, carbon fiber mesh, metal mesh, or RSB (rigid secondary barrier composite material). The inner insulation layer 101, the middle insulation layer 102, and the first reinforcing layer 104 are bonded together using an adhesive, including low-temperature adhesives and resins. Similarly, the second reinforcing layer 105 can be made of materials such as fiberglass mesh, carbon fiber mesh, metal mesh, or RSB (rigid secondary barrier composite material). The middle insulation layer 102, the outer insulation layer 103, and the second reinforcing layer 105 are bonded together using an adhesive, including low-temperature adhesives and resins. As a preferred embodiment, the first reinforcing layer 104 uses fiberglass mesh or carbon fiber mesh, and the second reinforcing layer 105 uses metal mesh or RSB. Fiberglass and carbon fiber have extremely low thermal conductivity, and their placement close to the inner side can improve the overall thermal insulation performance of the insulation system. Metal mesh or RSB has better toughness and impact resistance to ensure overall strength.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a welded stud 304 is fixed to the surface of the liquid tank. The fixing assembly 300 includes a screw 301 and a fixing plate 302. The screw 301 is located in the gap between adjacent inner insulation layers 101. One end of the screw 301 is connected to the welded stud 304, and the other end is used to fit the fixing plate 302 and the nut 303. Grooves are formed at the edges of the inner insulation layers 101. The fixing plate 302 is pressed into the grooves of the inner insulation layers 101 on both sides, pressing and positioning the insulation plate 100 as a whole. The screw 301 can be made of metal or wood, and the fixing plate 302 can be made of PCTFE or wood. Compared with all-metal materials, the fixing assembly 300 made of wood or PCTFE can effectively reduce heat conduction and improve the overall insulation efficiency of the system. The end of the welded stud 304 that connects with the screw 301 has an internal thread, and the screw 301 itself has an external thread to facilitate connection.

[0047] Furthermore, the circumferential sidewalls of the inner insulation layer 101 are provided with an elastic layer 106. The elastic layer 106 is installed on the side and is used to fill the gaps between adjacent inner insulation layers 101 when the insulation panels 100 are spliced. Its material must have a certain degree of elasticity; materials such as glass wool, melamine foam, fiber insulation materials, polyethylene foam, diene polymers, and nitrile rubber polymers can be selected. Because the metal walls and insulation panel body of the cryogenic liquid tank undergo severe low-temperature contraction during the transport of cryogenic liquid cargo, the inner insulation layer 101, as the structure closest to the cold source, experiences the greatest contraction. The elastic layer, with its high resilience, can absorb the circumferential contraction deformation of the inner insulation layer like an expansion joint, preventing damage such as warping and cracking of the insulation panel due to rigid compression, thus ensuring the stability of the structure. Since there is only a screw 301 between the adjacent inner insulation layers 101, and the fixing plate 302 adopts a groove avoidance method, it will not expand the gap between the inner insulation layers 101. Therefore, the pre-set elastic layer 106 and the insulation seal 109 can be used to achieve sealing. Of course, in practice, additional insulation material can be filled between the inner insulation layers 101 to ensure sealing.

[0048] Furthermore, a gap is formed between adjacent insulation panels 100. An insulation seal 109 is installed at the inner opening of the gap near the bulkhead. Along the width of the gap, the insulation seal 109 covers the inner opening, and both sides of the insulation seal 109 contact the inner surface of the inner insulation layer 101 of the two insulation panels 100. The two sides of the insulation seal 109 are tightly fitted to the inner surface of the inner insulation layer 101, thus forming a continuous contact interface to block the path of cryogenic medium penetration along the panel gap, ensuring the integrity of the seal. The insulation seal 109 can be a PNF board, including composite boards formed by foam insulation materials similar to insulation layers and structural reinforcement materials (such as fiberglass, glued laminated wood, or special panels).

[0049] Furthermore, the gaps between adjacent insulation panels 100 are filled by a joint structure 200, which includes a first connecting layer 201, a first insulation block 202, a second connecting layer 203, and a second insulation block 204 stacked together. The first connecting layer 201 is used to connect the first reinforcing layers 104 of the two insulation panels 100, and the second connecting layer 203 is used to connect the second reinforcing layers 105 of the two insulation panels 100. The materials of the first connecting layer 201 and the second connecting layer 203 can be the same as those of the reinforcing layers, such as fiberglass mesh, FSB (flexible secondary wall composite material), etc. During installation, they can be fixed with adhesive, fixing nails, or both.

[0050] As a preferred option, the first connecting layer 201 is made of aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, and the second connecting layer 203 is made of FSB. The surface of the aluminum foil fiberglass cloth has a high reflectivity aluminum foil layer, which can effectively reflect radiant heat from the outside. At the same time, the aluminum foil itself is an excellent barrier layer, which can effectively prevent leakage. FSB, as a flexible secondary barrier material specifically designed for cryogenic environments, has excellent low-temperature elongation and fatigue resistance, preventing tearing of the connecting layer. The two connecting layers form a complementary relationship between a radiation barrier and a flexible crack-resistant barrier, enhancing the stability of the insulation system under extreme conditions.

[0051] The first insulation block 202 is used to fill the gap between adjacent middle insulation layers 102, and the second insulation block 204 is used to fill the gap between adjacent outer insulation layers 103.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the first insulation block 202 includes insulation material 2021 and elastic material 2022 arranged along the gap width direction. The elastic material 2022 is located on both sides of the insulation material 2021, and the insulation material 2021 and the elastic material 2022 have the same thickness. The elasticity of the insulation material 2021 is less than that of the elastic material 2022. The insulation material 2021 is polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene plastic, phenolic foam, etc., which have relatively low elasticity. The elastic material 2022 is glass wool, melamine foam, fiber insulation material, polyethylene plastic foam, diene polymer, nitrile rubber polymer, etc., which have relatively high elasticity. The elastic materials on both sides can be the same or different.

[0053] like Figure 7As shown, the second insulation block 204 includes an insulation material 2041 and a side elastic material 2042 arranged along the gap width direction. The side elastic material 2042 is located on both sides of the insulation material 2041. The insulation material 2041 and the side elastic material 2042 have the same thickness. The inner surface of the insulation material 2041 and the side elastic material 2042 is provided with an inner elastic material 2043. The sum of the widths of the insulation material 2041 and the side elastic material 2042 is equal to the width of the inner elastic material 2043. The outer surface of the insulation material 2041 and the side elastic material 2042 is provided with an outer elastic material 2044. The sum of the widths of the insulation material 2041 and the side elastic material 2042 is less than the width of the outer elastic material 2044. The elasticity of insulation material 2041 is less than that of the elastic materials 2044 on the sides, inside, and outside. Insulation material 2041 is made of less elastic materials such as polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, polyethylene, and phenolic foam. Elastic materials are made of more elastic materials such as glass wool, melamine foam, fiber insulation materials, polyethylene foam, diene polymers, and nitrile rubber polymers. The elastic materials on the sides, inside, and outside can be the same or different. To further strengthen the connection between the second insulation block and the outer insulation layer, the outer insulation layer has a positioning ring groove along its outer circumferential edge. The edge of the outer elastic material is embedded in the positioning ring groove and fixed with adhesive.

[0054] Regarding the combination of the first insulation block 202 and the second insulation block 204, the outer elastic material is made of a material with high elasticity, while the middle insulation material is made of a material with low elasticity, forming a composite structure that is soft on both sides and hard in the middle. Under cryogenic liquid tank conditions, the insulation layer will undergo significant cold contraction deformation. The highly elastic materials on both sides can effectively absorb and buffer the thermal stress and displacement at the joint, preventing the insulation board from breaking or the joint from separating due to rigid compression; while the highly rigid material in the middle provides the necessary structural support to ensure the strength of the joint.

[0055] Furthermore, the joint protection layer 205 is applied to the joint of the formed insulation board 100. More specifically, the joint protection layer 205 covers the outer surface of the second insulation block 204. The joint protection layer 205 can be made of metal, fiberglass, butyl tape, composite materials, etc.

[0056] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9As shown, an insert 108 is fixed to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer 103. The insert 108 can be made of wood, metal, or plastic, and has several internally threaded holes. A strut 401 spans the gap between adjacent insulation panels 100, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the internally threaded holes of the insert 108 on both sides of the insulation panels 100 via fasteners (bolts 403 and nuts 404). The strut 401 provides a stress point for the installation of the joint structure 200. During the process of laying the various material layers to form the joint structure 200, a pressure material 402 is filled between the outer surface of each material layer and the strut 401 to compact and flatten the material layers. After the joint is installed, the fasteners need to be removed. For example, when bonding the first connecting layer 201, a pressure material 402 is installed between the first connecting layer 201 and the strut 401 to provide and maintain sufficient pressure for bonding the joint sealing layer. The pressure element 402 includes airbags, struts, plastic blocks, and other suitable materials or articles. The insert 108 can be arranged at any location on the outer insulation layer 103. Preferably, the insert 108 is elongated and arranged along the edge of the outer insulation layer 103.

[0057] In summary, this invention provides a cryogenic liquid tank insulation system. This system includes insulation panels laid on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced ​​together. Each insulation panel comprises an inner insulation layer, a middle insulation layer, and an outer insulation layer stacked together. First and second reinforcing layers are respectively provided between the inner and middle insulation layers, and between the middle and outer insulation layers. The first reinforcing layer uses a mesh fabric, and the second reinforcing layer uses a metal mesh or RSB to improve insulation performance while ensuring overall strength. Gaps are formed between adjacent insulation panels. Insulating seals are installed at the inner openings of these gaps near the tank wall. The two sides of the insulating seals are tightly fitted to the inner surface of the inner insulation layer, forming a continuous contact interface to block the path of cryogenic media permeating along the panel seams, ensuring the integrity of the seal. The gaps between adjacent insulation panels are filled by a joint structure. The first connecting layer of the joint structure uses aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, and the second connecting layer uses FSB. These two connecting layers functionally complement each other, forming a radiation barrier and a flexible crack-resistant barrier, enhancing the stability of the insulation system under extreme conditions. Furthermore, inserts with several internally threaded holes are fixed to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer. Support rods span the gaps between adjacent insulation panels, and their ends are fixed to the internally threaded holes of the inserts on both sides of the insulation panels using fasteners. The support rods provide stress points for the installation of the joint structure. During the process of laying the various material layers to form the joint structure, a compacting material is filled between the outer surface of each material layer and the support rods to ensure that each material layer is compacted and flat.

[0058] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cryogenic liquid tank insulation system, characterized in that, It includes insulation panels laid on the surface of the liquid tank and spliced ​​together. The insulation panels include stacked inner insulation layer, middle insulation layer and outer insulation layer. The circumferential sidewall of the inner insulation layer is provided with an elastic layer. Welded studs are fixed to the surface of the liquid tank. The studs are located in the gap between adjacent inner insulation layers. One end of the studs is connected to the welded studs, and the other end is used to fit the fixing plate and nut. Grooves are opened at the edge of the inner insulation layer. The fixing plate is pressed into the grooves of the inner insulation layers on both sides to press and position the insulation board as a whole. A gap is formed between adjacent insulation panels. An insulation seal is installed at the inner opening of the gap near the bulkhead. The insulation seal covers the inner opening along the width of the gap, and the two sides of the insulation seal are in contact with the inner surface of the inner insulation layer of the insulation panels on both sides.

2. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first reinforcing layer is provided between the inner insulation layer and the middle insulation layer, and a second reinforcing layer is provided between the middle insulation layer and the outer insulation layer. A surface protective layer is attached to the outer surface of the outer insulation layer.

3. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first reinforcing layer uses fiberglass mesh or carbon fiber mesh, and the second reinforcing layer uses metal mesh or RSB.

4. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gaps between adjacent insulation panels are filled by a joint structure, which includes a first connecting layer, a first insulation block, a second connecting layer, and a second insulation block stacked together. The first connecting layer is used to connect the first reinforcing layers of the insulation panels on both sides, the second connecting layer is used to connect the second reinforcing layers of the insulation panels on both sides, the first insulation block is used to fill the gaps between adjacent middle insulation layers, and the second insulation block is used to fill the gaps between adjacent outer insulation layers.

5. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first connecting layer uses aluminum foil fiberglass cloth, and the second connecting layer uses FSB.

6. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first insulation block includes insulation material and elastic material arranged along the gap width direction. The elastic material is located on both sides of the insulation material, and the insulation material and the elastic material have the same thickness. The elasticity of the insulation material is less than that of the elastic material.

7. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second insulation block includes insulation material and side elastic material arranged along the gap width direction. The side elastic material is located on both sides of the insulation material. The insulation material and the side elastic material have the same thickness. The inner surface of the insulation material and the side elastic material is provided with inner elastic material. The sum of the widths of the insulation material and the side elastic material is equal to the width of the inner elastic material. The outer surface of the insulation material and the side elastic material is provided with outer elastic material. The sum of the widths of the insulation material and the side elastic material is less than the width of the outer elastic material.

8. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer insulation layer has a positioning ring groove along its outer surface circumferential edge, and the edge of the outer elastic material is embedded in the positioning ring groove and fixed by adhesive.

9. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The joint protection layer is applied at the joint of adjacent insulation boards and covers the outer surface of the second insulation block.

10. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw is made of metal or wood, and the fixing plate is made of PCTFE or wood.

11. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insert is fixed on the outer surface of the outer insulation layer, and the insert has several internal threaded holes; the strut spans the gap between adjacent insulation boards, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the internal threaded holes of the insert on the insulation boards on both sides by fasteners; during the process of laying each material layer to form a joint structure, a pressure material is filled between the outer surface of each material layer and the strut to make each material layer compacted and flat.

12. The cryogenic liquid tank insulation system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The insert is long and narrow and is arranged along the edge of the outer insulation layer.

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