Full working condition self-adaptive adjusting device based on impeller coal feeder

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of coal conveying, and particularly relates to a full-working-condition self-adaptive adjusting device based on an impeller coal feeder, which comprises a machine body, the upper end of the machine body impeller is provided with a top cover, one side of the top cover is provided with a dust falling mechanism, the dust falling mechanism expands the dust falling area by outward expansion, the upper side of the top cover is rotatably provided with a cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly rotates to clean the coal cinder on the top cover, and the cleaning assembly diffuses the mist sprayed by the dust falling mechanism when rotating. The rotation of the worm makes the worm gear rotate with the spray pipe and expand outward, so that the area of the spray dust falling is expanded, and the spray pipe moves to spray along with the thread cooperation between the moving block and the reciprocating screw rod, so that the dust falling effect is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal feeding technology, specifically relating to a full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller coal feeder. Background Technology

[0002] An impeller feeder is a mechanical device used in industries such as thermal power plants, metallurgy, coal, and chemicals to uniformly and continuously feed coal from raw coal bunkers or hoppers into coal mills or other coal-using equipment. It mainly consists of an electric motor, a reducer, an impeller, and a casing.

[0003] According to patent publication number CN220282467U, a full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder is disclosed, including a fixed base. A cover plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the top side wall of the fixed base. A main shaft is rotatably connected inside the cover plate. Impellers are detachably connected evenly along the side wall edge of the main shaft. Slots are evenly opened along the side wall edge of the main shaft. Side grooves are opened on both side walls opposite to the slots. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the impeller. An insert plate is fixedly connected to the connecting plate and the side wall opposite to the slot. This application has the following advantages: When cleaning is required, the screws can be removed and the insert plate can be pulled out from the slot to remove the impeller from the main shaft. This leaves enough space inside the cover plate to facilitate cleaning inside the cover plate without having to disassemble the entire cover plate. The above disassembly and assembly method also facilitates the disassembly, maintenance and replacement of individual impellers in the later stage.

[0004] Based on patent publication number CN118992618A, it is known that the invention includes a machine body, with a top cover at the upper end of the impeller. A dust-suppressing mechanism is installed on one side of the top cover, expanding the dust-suppressing area outwards. A cleaning component is rotatably installed on the upper side of the top cover, cleaning the coal slag on the top cover by rotation. Simultaneously, the cleaning component diffuses the mist sprayed by the dust-suppressing mechanism during rotation. This invention utilizes the rotation of a worm gear to cause the worm wheel to rotate and expand the spray nozzle outwards, thereby increasing the dust-suppressing area. Simultaneously, the threaded engagement between the moving block and the reciprocating screw causes the spray nozzle to move and spray, further improving the dust-suppressing effect.

[0005] The above technical solution still has the following problems:

[0006] 1. The spraying mechanism is only arranged on one side, leaving a small number of spraying dead zones on the other side edge of the coal feeder;

[0007] 2. The machine is purely mechanically geared and cannot start or stop the spray / cleaning components independently; the entire machine must operate synchronously.

[0008] 3. The water circuit lacks a filtration device, making it easy for coal dust to clog the atomizing nozzles;

[0009] 4. It lacks dust concentration sensing and closed-loop control, relying solely on passive adjustment based on walking position, and cannot automatically match the spray intensity according to real-time dust concentration. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder, comprising a machine body, wherein a top cover is fixedly installed above the impeller of the machine body; a dust suppression mechanism is provided on the top cover, wherein the dust suppression mechanism includes a moving block, a chute, a support rod, a hollow cylinder, a worm gear, a worm wheel, a nozzle, an atomizing nozzle, and a reciprocating screw.

[0011] The chute is formed in the top cover, the movable block is slidably assembled in the chute, the lower end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the movable block, and the upper end is fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder; a drive motor is installed inside the hollow cylinder, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a worm gear, the worm gear is rotatably assembled inside the hollow cylinder and meshes with a worm wheel for transmission; the rotating shaft of the worm wheel is fixedly connected to the nozzle, and several atomizing nozzles are installed on the outside of the nozzle;

[0012] The reciprocating screw is rotatably mounted on the top cover, and the reciprocating screw is threadedly driven by the moving block; a cleaning assembly is rotatably mounted on the top cover, the cleaning assembly including a turntable, cleaning rods, a rotating shaft, rotating blades, and gear four; the turntable is rotatably supported by the top cover, and several cleaning rods are fixed to the outer periphery of the turntable, with the top surface of the cleaning rods in contact with the upper surface of the top cover; a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the turntable, and rotating blades are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating shaft; the lower end of the turntable penetrates the top cover downwards and is fixedly connected to gear four;

[0013] A gear linkage transmission mechanism is installed below the top cover. The gear linkage transmission mechanism includes a rotating rod 1, a gear 1, a gear 2, a rotating rod 2, and a gear 3. Gear 2 is fixedly mounted at both ends of the rotating rod 1. Gear 2 meshes with gear 1 on one side, and gear 1 is coaxially connected to a reciprocating lead screw. Gear 2 meshes with gear 3 on the other side. Gear 3 is fixed at both ends of the rotating rod 2, and one of the gear 3 meshes with gear 4. A water tank is arranged on one side of the machine body. The outlet of the water tank is connected to a water pump. The water pump is connected to a flow divider through a water pipe. The flow divider delivers water to the nozzle through a water pipe. A frequency converter cabinet is also fixedly installed on the machine body. A wireless communication substation is installed on the top of the frequency converter cabinet.

[0014] The top cover is symmetrically arranged with two independent dust suppression mechanisms along its length, and each of the two dust suppression mechanisms is equipped with an independent water supply branch; the gear linkage transmission mechanism is equipped with a split clutch component; a precision water filter component is connected in series on the pipeline between the water pump and the diverter; a dust closed-loop detection and control module is installed on the top cover, and a flexible dust blocking and dust suppression structure is also provided on the edge of the top cover.

[0015] Furthermore, each of the two dust suppression mechanisms is equipped with an independent reciprocating lead screw and an independent driving worm gear motor; the two reciprocating lead screws are rigidly connected coaxially to achieve synchronous transmission, and the moving blocks on both sides slide synchronously and in the same direction along their respective slides; the diversion component is equipped with two independent water outlets and is connected to water pipes to connect the left and right spray pipes respectively, and the water supply branches on both sides can be independently turned on and off, and the opening angle of the single-sided spray pipe can be adjusted independently.

[0016] Furthermore, the transfer clutch assembly includes a first electromagnetic clutch and a second electromagnetic clutch; the first electromagnetic clutch is axially installed between gear one and the reciprocating lead screw, and is used to control the power on / off of the spray lateral movement power branch; the second electromagnetic clutch is axially installed between gear four and the turntable, and is used to control the power on / off of the cleaning assembly power branch.

[0017] Furthermore, the frequency converter cabinet has a built-in PLC, which is electrically connected to the first electromagnetic clutch and the second electromagnetic clutch respectively. The PLC can control the two electromagnetic clutches to engage synchronously, engage individually, or disengage completely, realizing the switching between three operating modes: synchronous spraying, independent spraying, and individual slag removal.

[0018] Furthermore, the precision water filtration assembly includes a coarse stainless steel filter screen and a Y-type precision water filter; the coarse stainless steel filter screen is fixedly installed in the water inlet area inside the water tank; the Y-type precision water filter is installed in series in the pipeline between the water pump outlet and the diverter, and the water is transported to the diverter after passing through the coarse stainless steel filter screen and the Y-type precision water filter in sequence.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust closed-loop detection and control module includes two dust concentration sensors; the two dust concentration sensors are respectively fixedly installed on the front and rear upper surfaces of the top cover, and the signal output terminals of the dust concentration sensors are electrically connected to the PLC inside the inverter cabinet.

[0020] Furthermore, the PLC is simultaneously electrically connected to the wireless communication substation, the main drive motor, the water pump frequency converter, and the worm drive motors inside the hollow cylinders on both sides; the PLC receives data collected by the dust concentration sensor and the wireless communication substation, and dynamically adjusts the spray amplitude, water supply flow rate, and operating speed of each mechanism based on the real-time dust concentration and the travel position of the impeller feeder.

[0021] Furthermore, the flexible dust-blocking and dust-suppressing structure is a multi-segment rubber dust-blocking curtain; the rubber dust-blocking curtain is fixedly installed vertically along the front and rear side edges of the top cover, with the bottom of the rubber dust-blocking curtain close to the coal conveying surface, and the rubber dust-blocking curtain and the mist curtain sprayed by the dust suppression mechanism on both sides enclose a semi-closed dust suppression cavity.

[0022] Furthermore, the cleaning rods are evenly arranged around the circumference of the turntable, and the upper edge of the cleaning rods continuously adheres to the upper surface of the top cover; the turntable, the rotating shaft, and the rotating blades are coaxially and fixedly connected, and the turntable rotates synchronously with the gears, simultaneously realizing the scraping of coal slag and the diffusion of water mist.

[0023] The second method for adaptive dust suppression and cleaning linkage of impeller feeders under all operating conditions includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Water supply two-stage filtration pretreatment steps: Before the start of the raw coal conveying operation, the clean water in the water tank first passes through the built-in coarse filter screen to complete the coarse filtration of large coal slag particles, and then is pumped to the Y-type precision water filter to complete the secondary fine filtration of fine coal powder. The filtered clean water is then transported to the diversion component; the diversion component splits into two independent water supply branches, which are respectively connected to the spray pipes of the dust suppression mechanism symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top cover, so as to realize independent water supply on both sides and start / stop control on one side;

[0025] S2. Double-sided spray width adjustment steps: Start the worm drive motors in the hollow cylinders on the left and right sides of the top cover respectively. Each worm meshes with the corresponding worm wheel synchronously. The worm wheel drives the spray pipe on the same side to flip outward and open to form a fan-shaped atomized spray surface. According to the dust distribution, adjust the running time of the worm motor on one side separately to achieve differentiated control of the opening angle of the spray pipe on one side.

[0026] S3, Transmission Distribution Mode Pre-selection Step: Select the equipment operation mode through the PLC in the inverter cabinet. The PLC controls the engagement / disengagement of the first and second electromagnetic clutches, dividing the power output into three modes. The first electromagnetic clutch is located between the reciprocating screw and gear one, controlling the on / off of the spray lateral movement power branch. The second electromagnetic clutch is located between gear four and the turntable, controlling the on / off of the top cover cleaning and water mist diffusion power branch.

[0027] S4, Mode 1: Synchronized and Coordinated Dust Suppression Operation Steps

[0028] The PLC controls the simultaneous engagement of the first and second electromagnetic clutches; the main drive motor drives the rotating rod to rotate synchronously, one power source drives the two synchronous reciprocating screws on the left and right through gears two and one, driving the entire dust suppression mechanism on both sides to slide synchronously back and forth along the top cover slide groove, realizing synchronous tracking spraying on both sides; the other power source drives the turntable to rotate through gears two, rotating rod two, gear three and gear four, the cleaning rod on the outer periphery of the turntable to continuously scrape off the accumulated coal slag against the surface of the top cover, and the synchronous rotation of the rotating blades at the upper coaxial end of the turntable forms a diffusion airflow to disperse the water mist; the flexible rubber dust curtain at the edge of the top cover and the fan-shaped fog curtain on both sides form a semi-closed dust suppression cavity to prevent coal dust from escaping outward;

[0029] S5, Mode 2: Independent Single-Side Spray Dust Suppression Operation Procedures

[0030] The PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to engage and the second electromagnetic clutch to disengage, cutting off the power to the cleaning and water mist diffusion branches; the reciprocating screw only drives the double-sided spray mechanism to move back and forth, while the cleaning rod and rotating blade remain stationary; based on the dust concentration sensors at both ends of the top cover that collect dust values ​​in real time, the PLC opens the water supply branch on the side with excessive dust and increases the opening of the spray pipe on that side to achieve targeted local dust suppression, while simultaneously shutting off the water supply on the other side to save water.

[0031] S6, Mode 3: Dry Slag Removal Maintenance Procedure for Individual Top Cover

[0032] The PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to disengage and the second electromagnetic clutch to engage, while simultaneously cutting off the water pump supply; the spraying mechanism stops lateral movement and atomizing water spraying, and only the turntable drives the cleaning rod to rotate independently to scrape and clean the dry coal slag accumulated on the top cover surface, without the need for simultaneous spraying operations;

[0033] S7. Dust Closed-Loop Adaptive Speed ​​Regulation and Control Steps: Dust concentration sensors located at both ends of the top cover continuously collect on-site dust concentration data and transmit it to the PLC. The PLC, in conjunction with the impeller feeder travel position and coal feeding load signals uploaded by the wireless communication substation, dynamically adjusts the main drive motor speed, water pump flow rate, and nozzle opening amplitude of the worm gear motors on both sides. The higher the dust concentration, the faster the spray movement speed, the more atomized water volume, and the more the blade diffusion wind speed are increased. When the dust concentration is lower than the set threshold, the nozzles are automatically retracted, the motor speed is reduced, and the water supply is decreased.

[0034] S8. Shutdown and Reset Procedure: After the impeller feeder stops coal conveying, the PLC sequentially shuts down the water pump, main drive motor, and worm gear drive motors on both sides, and the two electromagnetic clutches are completely disengaged; the reciprocating screw drives the dust suppression mechanisms on both sides to slide and reset synchronously to the initial position in the middle of the top cover, and the worm gear reverses to drive the nozzles on both sides to retract and fold inward, completing the reset of the entire machine.

[0035] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. This invention eliminates the dust suppression blind zone at the edge of the top cover by adopting a double-sided symmetrical spray structure on the top cover, which was present in the original single-sided spray. The spray coverage area is doubled and the coal dust capture efficiency is significantly improved. The left and right spray water paths are independently controllable, and the spray amplitude can be adjusted separately for high dust areas on one side, making the control more flexible.

[0037] 2. This invention achieves power distribution control of the spray branch and the cleaning diffusion branch through two sets of electromagnetic clutches. The spraying and cleaning mechanisms can be activated separately according to the on-site working conditions, without the need for the two mechanisms to operate synchronously. This effectively saves water and electricity consumption and makes daily maintenance and operation of the equipment more convenient.

[0038] 3. This invention adds a two-stage filtration system to the water path, which can intercept coal dust impurities in the water, solve the problems of easy clogging of atomizing nozzles and frequent disassembly and maintenance, extend the service life of the spraying mechanism, and reduce the workload of operation and maintenance.

[0039] 4. This invention forms a closed-loop adaptive control system by matching dust concentration sensor. It no longer relies solely on the passive adjustment of spray intensity based on the coal feeder's walking position. It can dynamically match the nozzle opening angle, water supply, and blade wind speed according to the real-time dust concentration on site, resulting in higher dust suppression control accuracy and truly achieving adaptive matching of dust quantity with spray output.

[0040] 5. This invention adds a flexible rubber dust curtain to the top cover, which, together with the fan-shaped fog curtains on both sides, forms a semi-enclosed dust suppression cavity, reducing the dispersion of water mist and fine coal dust to the outside of the equipment, and further improving the overall dust reduction effect of the plant area. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure such as the top cover according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component and dust suppression component according to embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the blade and turntable according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the dust suppression component structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the meshing state of gear one and gear two according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a top view schematic diagram of the water tank structure according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Labels in the diagram: 1. Body; 2. Top cover; 3. Moving block; 4. Slide groove; 5. Support rod; 6. Hollow cylinder; 7. Worm gear; 8. Worm wheel; 9. Nozzle;

[0050] 10. Atomizing nozzle; 11. Reciprocating lead screw; 12. Gear 1; 13. Rotating rod 1; 14. Gear 2; 15. Rotating rod 2; 16. Gear 3; 17. Turntable; 18. Gear 4; 19. Rotating shaft;

[0051] 20. Rotating blade; 21. Cleaning rod; 22. Water pipe; 23. Diverter; 24. Water pump; 25. Water tank; 26. Inverter cabinet; 27. Wireless communication substation. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0054] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0055] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to an embodiment of this application.

[0056] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on the impeller coal feeder according to the embodiment of this application includes a body 1. A frequency converter cabinet 26 is installed on the other side of the body 1. The body 1 is equipped with a Siemens S7200 series PLC, and a control program for the lower body 1 is written. A wireless communication substation 27 is installed at the upper end of the frequency converter cabinet 26 to communicate with the S7200 series PLC in the control cabinet. The wireless communication device master station is installed on the cement beam at the head of the trench. A network communication box is installed below the beam. One switch in the box is connected to the wireless communication device master station through a cable, and the other switch is connected to the remote station of the ground coal conveying main control system through a cable.

[0057] This enables wireless communication between the machine body 1 inside the trench and the main control unit for coal conveying. At the same time, a positioning sensor module is installed in the control cabinet of the machine body 1, and 50 positioning blocks with fixed spacing are installed on the side of the coal feeder track. This allows the actual operating position of the impeller feeder to be accurately displayed on the main control unit's operating screen, ensuring the safe operation of the machine body 1.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, a top cover 2 is provided at the upper end of the impeller of the machine body 1. A dust-reducing mechanism is installed on one side of the top cover 2. The dust-reducing mechanism expands the dust-reducing area by expanding outward. The dust-reducing mechanism includes a movable block 3 located on one side of the top cover 2. A support rod 5 is provided on the upper side of the movable block 3. A hollow cylinder 6 is provided on the upper side of the support rod 5. A worm 7 is rotatably provided at one end of the hollow cylinder 6. The worm 7 meshes with a worm wheel 8. At the same time, the worm 7 is driven by a motor installed in the hollow cylinder 6. After the worm 7 rotates, the worm wheel 8 rotates.

[0059] Since at least three worm gears 8 are rotatably arranged on the outside of the hollow cylinder 6, and a nozzle 9 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the worm gear 8, and multiple atomizing nozzles 10 are arranged on one side of the nozzle 9, the nozzle 9 expands outward when the worm gear 8 rotates, thereby increasing the area of ​​dust suppression spray.

[0060] To achieve mobile dust suppression, a reciprocating screw 11 is rotatably installed on one side of the top cover 2. The reciprocating screw 11 is threadedly connected to the moving block 3. The rotation of the reciprocating screw 11 causes the moving block 3 to move automatically. At the same time, the moving block 3 is slidably connected to the top cover 2 through a sliding groove 4 on one side. The moving block 3 is restricted by the top cover 2, so that the moving block 3 can move stably and horizontally.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, a water tank 25 is placed on one side of the machine body 1. The water in the water tank 25 is pumped to the diverter 23 by the water pump 24. The outlet of the diverter 23 is connected to multiple water pipes 22. The water pipes 22 deliver clean water to the corresponding spray pipes 9 to meet the spraying requirements of the spray pipes 9.

[0062] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a cleaning component is rotatably installed on the upper side of the top cover 2. The cleaning component cleans the coal slag on the top cover 2 by rotating, and at the same time, the cleaning component diffuses the mist sprayed by the dust suppression mechanism when it rotates.

[0063] Specifically, the cleaning component includes a turntable 17 rotatably connected to the top cover 2. Cleaning rods 21 are provided around the turntable 17. The cleaning rods 21 are attached to the upper surface of the top cover 2. When the cleaning rods 21 rotate, they can clean the coal slag on the top cover 2 to prevent the coal slag from accumulating and obstructing the spray from the nozzle 9.

[0064] Meanwhile, a rotating shaft 19 is connected to the upper side of the turntable 17, and a rotating blade 20 is connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 19. When the rotating blade 20 rotates, the airflow generated will blow away the atomized water droplets, thereby expanding the area of ​​dust suppression spray.

[0065] refer to Figure 7 As shown, the bottom end of the turntable 17 is connected to the top cover 2 and gear 18. At the same time, a rotating rod 13 is rotatably arranged on one side of the top cover 2. Both ends of the rotating rod 13 are connected to gears 14. One end of gear 14 meshes with gear 12 connected to the reciprocating screw 11. A rotating rod 15 is rotatably arranged on the bottom side of the top cover 2. Both ends of the rotating rod 15 are connected to gears 16. The other end of gear 14 meshes with one of the gears 16. When the rotating rod 13 is driven by the motor, it causes gear 14 to rotate, which in turn causes the two gears 14 to mesh with gears 12 and 16 respectively, thereby causing the reciprocating screw 11 and rotating rod 15 to rotate. This causes gear 18 to mesh with the other gear 16, causing the turntable 17 to rotate, and the cleaning rod 21 and the rotating blade 20 to rotate simultaneously.

[0066] The working process of the all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on the impeller coal feeder is as follows: the rotation of the worm gear 7 causes the worm wheel 8 to rotate and expand the nozzle 9 outward, thereby increasing the area of ​​dust spraying. When the motor drives the rotating rod 13, one gear 2 14 meshes with gear 1 12, causing the reciprocating screw 11 to rotate, causing the moving block 3 to slide automatically and prompting the nozzle 9 to move automatically for spraying. Another gear 2 14 meshes with gear 3 16, causing the rotating rod 2 15 to rotate, which in turn causes another gear 3 16 to mesh with gear 4 18, causing the turntable 17 to rotate with the cleaning rod 21 to clean the coal slag on the top cover 2. Meanwhile, the rotating shaft 19 rotates with the rotating blade 20 to diffuse the mist sprayed from the atomizing nozzle 10.

[0067] Implementation example optimization:

[0068] Dual-side spraying, electromagnetic clutch operation, and dust closed-loop control: an all-condition adaptive adjustment device for the impeller feeder.

[0069] Combination Figure 1 - Figure 8 The basic structure shown in this embodiment is based on the structural optimization and improvement of embodiment 1. Other components, transmission logic, water supply structure and wireless communication control structure that are the same as those in embodiment 1 will not be repeated. Only the improved structure, assembly relationship and working process will be fully described.

[0070] I. Improve the structural assembly relationship

[0071] The dual-sided symmetrical dust suppression mechanism has a set of dust suppression mechanisms symmetrically mounted on each of the left and right sides of the top cover 22 along its length. Each dust suppression mechanism includes a moving block 33, a sliding groove 44, a support rod 55, a hollow cylinder 66, a worm gear 77, a worm wheel 88, a spray pipe 99, an atomizing nozzle 1010, and a reciprocating screw 1111. The two sets of reciprocating screws 1111 are coaxially and synchronously driven. The moving blocks 33 on the left and right sides slide synchronously and in the same direction along the sliding groove 44 of the top cover 22. The hollow cylinders 66 on the left and right sides are each equipped with a micro motor that drives the worm gear 77, which can control the opening angle of the spray pipes 99 on both sides respectively. A set of water outlet branches is added to the water tank 2525, water pump 2424, and diverter 2323 on one side of the machine body 11. The two water outlets of the diverter 2323 are connected to the left and right sets of spray pipes 99 through water pipes 2222 respectively. The left and right spray water paths are independent of each other, and the water supply can be started and stopped on one side.

[0072] The electromagnetic clutch-driven gear transmission assembly retains the basic gear meshing transmission structure of Rotor 1313, Gear 1212, Gear 2 1414, Rotor 2 1515, Gear 3 1616, and Gear 4 1818 from Embodiment 1. A first electromagnetic clutch is installed on the connecting shaft between the reciprocating screw 1111 and Gear 1212, and a second electromagnetic clutch is installed on the connecting shaft between Gear 4 1818 and turntable 1717. The first electromagnetic clutch controls the power supply to the reciprocating screw 1111, and the second electromagnetic clutch controls the power supply to the turntable 1717, cleaning rod 2121, and blade 2020. Rotor 1313 receives power from a single main drive motor, and the two electromagnetic clutches are individually engaged, simultaneously engaged, or completely disengaged via control cabinet signals, achieving independent control of the power branch.

[0073] The multi-stage water filtration system has a coarse stainless steel filter screen installed at the inlet of the water tank 2525, and a Y-type precision water filter connected in series between the water pump 2424 and the diverter 2323. The coarse filter screen intercepts large coal slag particles in the water, and the precision filter filters out fine coal powder impurities in the water. The filtered clean water is then sent to the diverter 2323 and distributed to the two spray pipes 99 to avoid clogging of the atomizing nozzles 1010.

[0074] One dust concentration sensor is fixedly installed on the front and rear upper surfaces of the top cover 22 of the dust concentration closed-loop detection and control module. The dust concentration sensor is electrically connected to the S7200 series PLC inside the inverter cabinet 2626. The PLC is also connected to the wireless communication substation 2727, the main drive motor inverter module, the water pump 2424 inverter controller, and the micro motor controllers of the worm gears 7 on both sides, forming a dust concentration-spray action closed-loop control logic.

[0075] The auxiliary flexible dust-blocking and dust-suppressing structure top cover 22 has multiple sections of rubber dust-blocking curtains hanging downwards along its front and rear side edges. The bottom of the dust-blocking curtains is close to the coal conveying surface of the impeller feeder. Together with the fan-shaped mist curtain formed by the left and right side sprays, they form a semi-enclosed dust-suppressing cavity, reducing the outward diffusion and escape of water mist and coal dust.

[0076] Before the device starts, the water in tank 2525 is first coarsely filtered through an internal coarse filter, and then pumped by pump 2424 to a precision water filter for secondary filtration. The filtered clean water flows into the diversion component 2323, completing the water supply pretreatment. Operators can switch between three operating modes through the coal conveying main control system:

[0077] In the synchronous dust suppression mode (corresponding to the basic embodiment), the PLC controls the first and second electromagnetic clutches to engage simultaneously, and the main drive motor drives the rotating rod 1313 to rotate; one power source drives the left and right reciprocating screws 1111 to rotate synchronously through gears 1414 and 1212, driving the entire set of spraying mechanisms on both sides to slide back and forth along the top cover 22; another power source drives the turntable 1717 to rotate through gears 1414, rotating rod 1515, gears 1616 and 1818, and the cleaning rod 2121 continuously scrapes away the coal slag accumulated on both sides of the top cover 22, and the rotating blades 2020 above the turntable 1717 rotate synchronously to generate a diffusion airflow. Simultaneously, the worm gear 7 motor inside the hollow cylinders 66 on both sides synchronously drives the worm gear 77 and worm wheel 88, and the nozzles 99 on both sides open outwards completely at the same time, forming a double-layer fan-shaped spray mist curtain; the dust concentration sensor collects the dust concentration in the top cover area 2 in real time, and the PLC, combined with the coal feeder walking position and coal feeding load transmitted by the wireless communication substation 2727, synchronously adjusts the speed of the main drive motor, the water supply of the water pump 24, and the opening amplitude of the nozzles 9 to achieve adaptive dust reduction under all working conditions.

[0078] The rubber dust curtain below the top cover 2, together with the fog curtains on both sides, forms a closed dust suppression space, which greatly reduces the amount of dust escaping.

[0079] In the independent spray dust suppression mode, the PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to engage and the second electromagnetic clutch to disengage; only the reciprocating screw 1111 and the double-sided spray mechanism reciprocate to spray, while the turntable 1717, cleaning rod 2121, and rotating blade 2020 stop rotating.

[0080] This mode is suitable for short-term continuous coal feeding by the coal feeder and when there is little slag accumulation on the top cover 2. It stops meaningless cleaning and airflow diffusion actions, saving equipment energy and water resources. If the coal dust concentration on one side is too high, the corresponding side spray water path can be opened separately and the opening angle of the spray pipe 9 on that side can be increased separately for targeted local dust suppression.

[0081] In the standalone top cover 2 slag cleaning maintenance mode, the PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to disengage and the second electromagnetic clutch to engage, while simultaneously cutting off the water supply from the water pump 2424; the spraying mechanism stops lateral movement and stops atomizing water spraying, and only the turntable 1717 drives the cleaning rod 2121 to rotate, separately scraping off the dry coal slag accumulated on the surface of the top cover 22. There is no need for synchronous spraying operations, avoiding waste of clean water, and it is suitable for equipment intermittent maintenance and shutdown slag cleaning conditions.

[0082] When the impeller feeder stops coal conveying, the PLC sequentially cuts off the water pump 2424, the main drive motor, and the micro motors of the two worm gears 7 on both sides, and the electromagnetic clutches are all disengaged; the reciprocating screw 1111 drives the double-sided spraying mechanism to slide and reset to the initial position in the middle of the top cover 22, and the worm gear 77 reverses to drive the two side spray pipes 99 to retract and fold inward, and the equipment completes the shutdown and reset.

[0083] Compared to the basic embodiment, the optimized embodiment has the following further features:

[0084] The top cover adopts a double-sided symmetrical spray structure, which eliminates the dust suppression blind zone at the edge of the top cover 2 that existed in the original single-sided spray. The spray coverage area is doubled, and the coal dust capture efficiency is significantly improved. The left and right spray water paths are independently controllable, and the spray amplitude can be adjusted separately for high dust areas on one side, making the control more flexible.

[0085] Two sets of electromagnetic clutches are used to achieve power distribution control of the spray branch and the cleaning diffusion branch. The spraying and cleaning mechanisms can be activated separately according to the on-site working conditions, without the need for the two mechanisms to operate synchronously. This effectively saves water and electricity consumption and makes daily maintenance and operation of the equipment more convenient.

[0086] The water system is equipped with a two-stage filtration system, which can intercept coal dust impurities in the water, solve the problem of easy clogging and frequent disassembly and maintenance of the atomizing nozzle 10, extend the service life of the spraying mechanism, and reduce the workload of operation and maintenance.

[0087] The system is equipped with a dust concentration sensor to form a closed-loop adaptive control system. It no longer relies solely on the passive adjustment of the spray intensity based on the position of the coal feeder. It can dynamically match the nozzle opening angle, water supply, and blade speed according to the real-time dust concentration on site, resulting in higher dust suppression control accuracy and truly achieving adaptive matching of dust volume with spray output.

[0088] The top cover 2 is equipped with a flexible rubber dust curtain, which, together with the double-sided fan-shaped fog curtain, forms a semi-enclosed dust suppression chamber, reducing the dispersion of water mist and fine coal dust to the outside of the equipment and further improving the overall dust reduction effect of the plant area.

[0089] The circuits and controls involved in this invention are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0090] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the patent. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller coal feeder, comprising a body (1), wherein a top cover (2) is fixedly installed above the impeller of the body (1); a dust suppression mechanism is provided on the top cover (2), the dust suppression mechanism comprising a moving block (3), a chute (4), a support rod (5), a hollow cylinder (6), a worm (7), a worm wheel (8), a nozzle (9), an atomizing nozzle (10), and a reciprocating screw (11); the chute (4) is opened on the top cover (2), the moving block (3) is slidably assembled in the chute (4), the lower end of the support rod (5) is fixedly connected to the moving block (3), and the upper end is fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder (6); a drive motor is installed inside the hollow cylinder (6), the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the worm (7), the worm (7) is rotatably assembled inside the hollow cylinder (6) and meshes with the worm wheel (8) for transmission; the rotating shaft of the worm wheel (8) is connected to the nozzle (9). The nozzle (9) is fixedly connected to the top cover (2), and several atomizing nozzles (10) are installed on the outside of the nozzle (9). The reciprocating screw (11) is rotatably installed on the top cover (2), and the reciprocating screw (11) is threadedly connected to the moving block (3). A cleaning assembly is rotatably installed on the top cover (2), and the cleaning assembly includes a turntable (17), cleaning rods (21), a rotating shaft (19), a rotating blade (20), and a gear four (18). The turntable (17) is rotatably supported on the top cover (2), and several cleaning rods (21) are fixed on the outer periphery of the turntable (17). The top surface of the cleaning rods (21) is in contact with the upper surface of the top cover (2). The rotating shaft (19) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the turntable (17), and the rotating blade (20) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rotating shaft (19). The lower end of the turntable (17) penetrates the top cover (2) downward and is fixedly connected to the gear four (18). A gear linkage transmission mechanism is provided below, which includes a rotating rod (13), a gear (12), a gear (14), a rotating rod (15), and a gear (16). Gears (14) are fixedly mounted at both ends of the rotating rod (13). One side of the gear (14) meshes with gear (12), and gear (12) is coaxially connected to the reciprocating screw (11). The other side of the gear (14) meshes with gear (16). Gears (16) are fixed at both ends of the rotating rod (15), and one of the gears (16) meshes with gear (18). A water tank (25) is arranged on one side of the machine body (1). The outlet of the water tank (25) is connected to a water pump (24). The water pump (24) is connected to a diverter (23) through a water pipe (22). The diverter (23) directs water to the nozzle (9) through the water pipe (22). Transporting water;A frequency converter cabinet (26) is also fixedly installed on the main body (1), and a wireless communication substation (27) is assembled on the top of the frequency converter cabinet (26); Its features are: ; The top cover (2) has two independent dust suppression mechanisms arranged symmetrically along its length, and the two dust suppression mechanisms are respectively configured with independent water supply branches; the gear linkage transmission mechanism is equipped with a split clutch component; a precision water filter component is connected in series on the pipeline between the water pump (24) and the diverter (23); the top cover (2) is equipped with a dust closed-loop detection and control module, and the edge of the top cover (2) is also provided with a flexible dust blocking and dust suppression structure.

2. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the two dust suppression mechanisms is equipped with an independent reciprocating screw (11) and an independent driving worm gear (7) motor; the two reciprocating screws (11) are coaxially rigidly connected to achieve synchronous transmission, and the moving blocks (3) on both sides slide synchronously and in the same direction along their respective slide grooves (4); the diverter (23) is equipped with two independent water outlets and is connected to water pipes (22) to connect the left and right spray pipes (9), and the water supply branches on both sides can be independently switched on and off, and the opening angle of the single spray pipe (9) can be adjusted separately.

3. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispensing clutch assembly includes a first electromagnetic clutch (28) and a second electromagnetic clutch (29); the first electromagnetic clutch (28) is axially installed between gear one (12) and reciprocating screw (11) to control the power supply of the spray lateral movement power branch; the second electromagnetic clutch (29) is axially installed between gear four (18) and turntable (17) to control the power supply of the cleaning assembly power branch.

4. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inverter cabinet (26) has a built-in PLC, which is electrically connected to the first electromagnetic clutch (28) and the second electromagnetic clutch (29). The PLC can control the two electromagnetic clutches to engage synchronously, engage individually, or disengage completely, so as to realize the switching of three operating modes: synchronous linkage spraying, independent spraying, and individual slag removal.

5. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precision water filtration assembly includes a coarse stainless steel filter screen (30) and a Y-type precision water filter (31). The coarse stainless steel filter screen (30) is fixedly installed in the water inlet area inside the water tank (25). The Y-type precision water filter (31) is installed in series in the pipeline between the outlet of the water pump (24) and the diverter (23). The water is transported to the diverter (23) after passing through the coarse stainless steel filter screen (30) and the Y-type precision water filter (31) for two stages of filtration.

6. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust closed-loop detection and control module includes two dust concentration sensors (32); the two dust concentration sensors (32) are fixedly installed on the front and rear upper surfaces of the top cover (2) respectively, and the signal output terminal of the dust concentration sensor (32) is electrically connected to the PLC inside the inverter cabinet (26).

7. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The PLC is simultaneously electrically connected to the wireless communication substation (27), the main drive motor, the water pump frequency converter, and the worm drive motor inside the hollow cylinders (6) on both sides; the PLC receives data collected by the dust concentration sensor (32) and the wireless communication substation (27), and dynamically adjusts the spray amplitude, water supply flow rate and the operating speed of each mechanism according to the real-time dust concentration and the travel position of the impeller feeder.

8. The all-condition adaptive adjustment device based on an impeller feeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible dust-blocking and dust-suppressing structure is a multi-segment rubber dust-blocking curtain (33); the rubber dust-blocking curtain (33) is fixedly installed vertically along the front and rear side edges of the top cover (2), the bottom of the rubber dust-blocking curtain (33) is close to the coal conveying surface, and the rubber dust-blocking curtain (33) and the fog curtain sprayed by the dust suppression mechanism on both sides form a semi-closed dust suppression cavity; The cleaning rod (21) is evenly arranged around the turntable (17), and the upper edge of the cleaning rod (21) continuously adheres to the upper surface of the top cover (2); the turntable (17), the rotating shaft (19), and the rotating blade (20) are coaxially fixedly connected, and the turntable (17) rotates synchronously with the gear four (18) to simultaneously realize the scraping of coal slag and the diffusion of water mist.

9. A method for adaptive dust suppression and cleaning linkage of impeller coal feeder under all working conditions, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Water supply pretreatment steps: Start the water pump (24) to deliver the clean water inside the water tank (25) to the diversion component (23). The diversion component (23) delivers high-pressure water to at least three sets of spray pipes (9) through independent water pipes (22) to provide a stable water source for atomized spraying. S2, Preparation steps for expanding the spray width across the entire area: Start the built-in drive motor of the hollow cylinder (6) to drive the worm (7) to rotate. The worm (7) meshes synchronously and drives all the worm wheels (8) on the outer periphery of the hollow cylinder (6) to deflect synchronously. The worm wheels (8) drive their respective nozzles (9) to flip outward and open, forming a fan-shaped atomized spray surface. S3, Synchronous Linkage Power Output Steps: Start the main drive motor to drive the rotating rod one (13) to rotate, and the gear two (14) at both ends of the rotating rod one (13) rotate synchronously to form two synchronous power branches; S4. Spraying lateral reciprocating movement steps: Rotating rod one (13) meshes with gear two (14) and gear one (12), driving the reciprocating screw (11) to rotate continuously. The reciprocating screw (11) drives the moving block (3) to slide back and forth along the top cover (2) and the slide groove (4), driving the opened nozzle (9) to reciprocate and follow the spraying laterally along the top cover (2) of the impeller feeder. S5. Top cover synchronous slag removal steps: The gear 2 (14) at the other end of the rotating rod 1 (13) meshes with the gear 3 (16) on one side, driving the rotating rod 2 (15) and the gear 3 (16) on the other side to rotate synchronously. The gear 3 (16) on the other side meshes with the gear 4 (18), driving the turntable (17) to fit against the top cover (2) and rotate. The outer cleaning rod (21) of the turntable (17) continuously scrapes away the coal slag accumulated on the surface of the top cover (2) and eliminates the obstruction of the spray. S6, Water mist airflow diffusion steps: The turntable (17) drives the top rotating blade (20) to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft (19). The rotating blade (20) generates directional airflow to disperse the water mist sprayed by the atomizing nozzle (10), expand the fog curtain coverage radius, and capture suspended fine coal dust. S7. Full-condition adaptive control steps: The PLC in the inverter cabinet (26) collects the impeller feeder track positioning signal transmitted by the wireless communication substation (27), and adjusts the main drive motor speed according to the feeder walking speed and coal feeding load, and synchronously matches the spray reciprocating movement speed, the spray area of ​​the spray pipe opening, and the rotational wind speed of the cleaning rod and the blade to complete the adaptive dust reduction. S8. Shutdown and Reset Procedure: When the impeller feeder stops conveying coal, turn off the water pump (24), main drive motor, and worm motor inside the hollow cylinder (6) in sequence. The reciprocating screw (11) drives the spray assembly to reset to the initial position. The worm (7) reverses and drives the spray pipe (9) to retract inward, completing the equipment reset.

10. A second method for adaptive dust suppression and cleaning linkage of impeller feeders under all operating conditions, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Water body two-stage filtration water supply pretreatment steps: Before the start of the raw coal conveying operation, the clean water in the water tank (25) first passes through the coarse filter screen built into the water tank (25) to complete the coarse filtration of large coal slag particles, and then is transported to the Y-type precision water filter by the water pump (24) to complete the secondary fine filtration of fine coal powder. The filtered clean water body is transported to the diversion component (23); the diversion component (23) divides into two independent water supply branches, which are respectively connected to the nozzles (9) of the dust suppression mechanism symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the top cover (2), so as to realize independent water supply on both sides and start-stop control on one side; S2, Double-sided spray width adjustment steps: Start the worm (7) drive motor in the hollow cylinder (6) on the left and right sides of the top cover (2) respectively. Each worm (7) meshes with the corresponding worm wheel (8) synchronously. The worm wheel (8) drives the spray pipe (9) on the same side to flip outward and open to form a fan-shaped atomized spray surface. According to the dust distribution, adjust the running time of the motor of the worm (7) on one side separately to realize the differential control of the opening angle of the spray pipe (9) on one side. S3, Transmission Distribution Mode Pre-selection Step: Select the equipment operation mode through the PLC in the inverter cabinet (26). The PLC controls the engagement / disengagement state of the first electromagnetic clutch and the second electromagnetic clutch, and divides the power output mode into three types. The first electromagnetic clutch is located between the reciprocating screw (11) and the gear one (12) to control the on / off state of the spray lateral movement power branch. The second electromagnetic clutch is located between the gear four (18) and the turntable (17) to control the on / off state of the top cover (2) slag removal and water mist diffusion power branch. S4, Mode 1: Synchronized and Coordinated Dust Suppression Operation Steps The PLC controls the first and second electromagnetic clutches to engage simultaneously; the main drive motor drives the rotating rod (13) to rotate synchronously, and one power source drives the two synchronous reciprocating screws (11) on the left and right through the gears (14) and (12), driving the entire dust suppression mechanism on both sides to slide synchronously along the slide groove (4) of the top cover (2) to achieve synchronous tracking spraying on both sides; another power source drives the turntable (17) to rotate through the gears (14), rotating rod (15), gears (16), and gears (18), and the outer cleaning rod (21) of the turntable (17) adheres to the surface of the top cover (2) to continuously scrape away the accumulated coal slag, and the upper rotating blade (20) of the turntable (17) rotates synchronously to form a diffused airflow to blow away the water mist; the flexible rubber dust curtain at the edge of the top cover (2) and the fan-shaped fog curtain on both sides form a semi-closed dust suppression cavity to prevent coal dust from escaping outward; S5, Mode 2: Independent Single-Side Spray Dust Suppression Operation Procedures The PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to engage and the second electromagnetic clutch to disengage, cutting off the power to the cleaning and water mist diffusion branch. The reciprocating screw (11) only drives the double-sided spray mechanism to move back and forth, while the cleaning rod (21) and the rotating blade (20) remain stationary. The PLC opens the water supply branch on the side with excessive dust based on the dust concentration sensors at both ends of the top cover (2) in real time, and increases the opening amplitude of the spray pipe (9) on that side to achieve targeted local dust suppression, while simultaneously shutting off the water supply on the other side to save water. S6, Mode 3: Separate Top Cover (2) Dry Slag Removal and Maintenance Steps The PLC controls the first electromagnetic clutch to disengage and the second electromagnetic clutch to engage, while simultaneously cutting off the water supply from the water pump (24); the spraying mechanism stops lateral movement and atomized water spraying, and only the turntable (17) drives the cleaning rod (21) to rotate independently to scrape and clean the dry coal slag accumulated on the surface of the top cover (2), without the need for simultaneous spraying operations; S7. Dust Closed-Loop Adaptive Speed ​​Regulation and Control Steps: The dust concentration sensors arranged at both ends of the top cover (2) continuously collect the dust concentration data on site and transmit it to the PLC. The PLC combines the impeller feeder walking position and coal feeding load signal uploaded by the wireless communication substation (27) to dynamically adjust the speed of the main drive motor, the water supply flow of the water pump (24), and the opening amplitude of the nozzle (9) of the motor of the worm gear (7) on both sides. The higher the dust concentration, the faster the spray movement speed, the atomized water volume and the diffusion wind speed of the rotating blade (20) are increased simultaneously. When the dust concentration is lower than the set threshold, the nozzle (9) is automatically closed, the motor speed is reduced and the water supply is reduced. S8. Shutdown and Reset Procedure: After the impeller feeder stops coal conveying, the PLC sequentially shuts down the water pump (24), the main drive motor, and the two worm gear (7) drive motors, and the two electromagnetic clutches are completely disengaged; the reciprocating screw (11) drives the dust suppression mechanisms on both sides to slide and reset synchronously to the initial position in the middle of the top cover (2), and the worm gear (7) reverses to drive the two nozzles (9) to fold inward, completing the reset of the whole machine.

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