A kind of unwinding machine

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of winding machine, specifically relates to a kind of unwinding machine, for the unwinding of base material roll, including rack, rotationally installed with the rotation shaft being arranged along first direction on rack, the sliding sleeve being moved along first direction is sleeved on rotation shaft, a plurality of limit plates being arranged in annular array are fixedly installed on rotation shaft, the length direction of limit plate is second direction, second direction is perpendicular to first direction, limit plate is close to the side of sliding sleeve and is equipped with the diameter increasing plate being arranged in parallel along first direction, transmission assembly is installed between diameter increasing plate and sliding sleeve, when sliding sleeve moves along first direction, it drives the diameter increasing plate to move in parallel along second direction, one end of sliding sleeve is equipped with the first elastic member for driving sliding sleeve to move away from limit plate, the other end of sliding sleeve is equipped with the first driving member for driving sliding sleeve to move on rotation shaft along first direction;Each diameter increasing plate moves along second direction to the inner ring of base material roll of different diameter and touches at the same time, ensure that the spacing of base material roll and limit plate in first direction remains unchanged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of winding machine technology, and more specifically to an unwinding machine. Background Technology

[0002] An aluminum-plastic co-extrusion production line is a production line for producing specific aluminum materials. It generally consists of an unwinding machine, a conveyor, an adhesive coating equipment, a PVC coating equipment, a cold tank, a traction device, and a winding machine arranged in sequence. It is necessary to keep the position of the substrate roll on the unwinding machine fixed and ensure that the axial position of the substrate roll on the rotating shaft of the unwinding machine remains constant, otherwise it will affect the production quality.

[0003] To accommodate substrate rolls of different inner diameters, some existing unwinding machines typically add various electronic control components to the spindle. This allows them to control the expansion and contraction of the spindle while maintaining the axial position of the substrate roll during the expansion and contraction process, thus meeting the positional accuracy requirements of the machining. However, this structure is relatively complex and costly. There is an urgent need in the market for a low-cost unwinding machine that can accommodate substrate rolls of different inner diameters while maintaining the axial position of the substrate roll.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to design a low-cost unwinding machine that can meet the needs of substrate rolls with different inner diameters while maintaining the axial position of the substrate roll, so as to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings in the technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an unwinding machine for unwinding a substrate roll, comprising a frame, a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the frame along a first direction, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the rotating shaft and moving along the first direction, a plurality of limiting plates arranged in a circular array fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, the length direction of the limiting plates being set as a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, a diameter-increasing plate arranged parallel to the first direction being provided on the side of the limiting plate near the sliding sleeve, a transmission component being installed between the diameter-increasing plate and the sliding sleeve to drive the diameter-increasing plate to move parallel to the second direction when the sliding sleeve moves along the first direction, a first elastic member being provided at one end of the sliding sleeve to drive the sliding sleeve away from the limiting plate, and a first active member being provided at the other end of the sliding sleeve to drive the sliding sleeve to move along the first direction on the rotating shaft;

[0007] When the substrate roll is placed on the diameter-increasing plate, the sliding sleeve is driven to move along the first direction, so that each diameter-increasing plate moves along the second direction to contact the inner ring of the substrate roll of different diameters, while ensuring that the distance between the substrate roll and the limiting plate in the first direction remains unchanged.

[0008] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes two first rocker arms of equal length rotatably mounted between the diameter-increasing plate and the sliding sleeve, and the first rocker arms, the diameter-increasing plate, and the sliding sleeve constitute a four-bar linkage.

[0009] Preferably, a first roller is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod. When the first roller contacts the side of the limiting plate, there is a gap between the limiting plate and the diameter-increasing plate. When the first active member drives the sliding sleeve to approach the limiting plate, the first roller restricts the connecting rod from approaching the frame in the first direction within the through groove.

[0010] Preferably, the first active component includes a turntable threadedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a handle mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the first turntable, the turntable being in contact with the end face of the sliding sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the limiting plate has a through groove arranged in the second direction, the end of the connecting rod passes through the through groove, and a second roller is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod. The side of the limiting plate away from the first roller is in rolling connection with the second roller. When the first elastic member drives the sliding sleeve away from the limiting plate, the second roller restricts the connecting rod from moving away from the frame in the first direction within the through groove.

[0012] Preferably, a second rocker arm is rotatably mounted at the end of the connecting rod, and a connecting sleeve that slides along the first direction is rotatably mounted at the ends of multiple second rocker arms. A second active member is provided at the end of the connecting sleeve away from the first active member and is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft. The second active member has the same structure as the first active member and bears the pressure transmitted by the connecting rod along the first direction.

[0013] Preferably, a first push plate that slides on the rotating shaft is provided between the second active member and the connecting sleeve, and a second push plate that slides on the rotating shaft is provided between the limiting plate and the first elastic member. A connecting rod is fixedly connected between the first push plate and the second push plate. After the diameter-increasing plate contacts the inner surface of the substrate roll, the second active member pushes the first push plate to contact the end face of the connecting sleeve, so that the second push plate pushes the first elastic member to continue to compress, thereby increasing the frictional force of the threaded pair between the first active member and the rotating shaft.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning component is fixedly installed on the frame, a connecting shaft fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the positioning component, a first brake pad is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting shaft, a guide rod arranged along a first direction is fixedly installed through and inside the positioning component, a movable component is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rod, a second brake pad is slidably connected to the guide rod between the movable component and the positioning component, a pressure rod passing through the movable component is fixedly installed on the side of the second brake pad away from the first brake pad, and a second elastic component sleeved outside the guide rod is provided between the second brake pad and the positioning component.

[0015] Preferably, the first elastic element and the second elastic element are configured as springs.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention can adapt to substrate rolls of different diameters. Through the transmission of the transmission component, the axial movement of the sliding sleeve is converted into the radial movement of the diameter increasing plate, which can adapt to substrate rolls of different diameters without the need to replace the unwinding machine of other specifications, thus improving the versatility of the equipment.

[0018] 2. In the process of adapting to substrate rolls of different diameters, the diameter-increasing plate can only move parallel to the second direction, ensuring that the distance between the substrate roll and the limiting plate in the first direction remains constant. This feature is of great significance for controlling deviation and ensuring uniform tension distribution during the unwinding process, thus improving the unwinding quality.

[0019] 3. The present invention can further compress the first elastic member through the second active member, thereby increasing the friction between the first active member and the threaded pair of the rotating shaft, significantly enhancing the self-locking ability of the first active member, and avoiding loosening caused by vibration or impact during unwinding.

[0020] 4. While enhancing the self-locking capability of the first active component, this invention also presses the diameter-increasing plate with the weight of the substrate roll itself, and then the pressure is transmitted to the limiting plate by the connecting rod and the first swing rod. This pressure is then directly transmitted to the second active component through the connecting rod, thereby reducing the intermittent pressure applied to the limiting plate and reducing the occurrence of fractures caused by metal fatigue.

[0021] 5. The present invention, through the cooperation of the guide rod, pressure rod, first brake pad, second brake pad and second elastic element, can reliably brake the rotating shaft when needed, and avoids unexpected rotation during the winding and unwinding of the substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial side view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a first partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4This is a second partial perspective view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the first brake pad and the second brake pad of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Frame; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Sliding sleeve; 4. Limiting plate; 5. Increasing diameter plate; 6. Transmission assembly; 61. First rocker arm; 62. Connecting rod; 7. First elastic component; 8. First driving component; 81. Turntable; 82. Handle; 9. First roller; 10. Through slot; 11. Second roller; 12. Second rocker arm; 13. Connecting sleeve; 14. Second driving component; 15. First push plate; 16. Second push plate; 17. Positioning component; 18. Connecting shaft; 19. First brake pad; 20. Guide rod; 21. Moving component; 22. Second brake pad; 23. Pressure rod; 24. Second elastic component; 25. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment discloses an unwinding machine for unwinding substrate rolls, specifically aluminum foil rolls. The unwinding machine includes a frame 1, on which a rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted along a first direction, i.e., along the axis of the rotating shaft 2. The frame 1 is a U-shaped or rectangular frame structure, including columns, beams, a base, etc., and is equipped with support feet at the bottom for stable support of the entire unwinding machine. Bearing seats are provided on the beams of the frame 1, and the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via these bearing seats.

[0033] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A sliding sleeve 3 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 2. The sliding sleeve 3 has a cylindrical or disc-shaped structure and can slide along the rotating shaft 2 in a first direction. Several limiting plates 4 are fixedly installed in a circular array along the circumference of the rotating shaft 2. In this embodiment, four limiting plates 4 are used as an example. The four limiting plates 4 are evenly distributed in a circular array along the axis of the rotating shaft 2. The length direction of the limiting plates 4 is set as a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, that is, along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 2. The limiting plates 4 are composed of plate-shaped or rod-shaped components, with their inner end close to the rotating shaft 2 and their outer end extending away from the rotating shaft 2. A diameter-increasing plate 5 is provided on the side of the limiting plate 4 close to the sliding sleeve 3. The diameter-increasing plate 5 extends parallel to the first direction, and its length direction is parallel to the first direction. A first elastic element 7 is provided at one end of the sliding sleeve 3 close to the limiting plate 4. In this embodiment, it is a spring. The first elastic element 7 is fitted onto the rotating shaft 2, with one end abutting against the end face of the limiting plate 4 and the other end abutting against the end face of the sliding sleeve 3. The first elastic member 7, through its elasticity, constantly drives the sliding sleeve 3 away from the limiting plate 4, so that the diameter-increasing plate 5 is in a retracted state by default, which facilitates the insertion of the substrate roll. The end of the sliding sleeve 3 away from the limiting plate 4 is provided with a first driving member 8. The first driving member 8 is used to drive the sliding sleeve 3 to move along the rotating shaft 2 in a first direction.

[0034] The sliding sleeve 3 is connected to the diameter-increasing plate 5 on the limiting plate 4 via a transmission assembly 6. The transmission assembly 6 includes a connecting rod 62 and two equal-length first swing rods 61. Specifically, the connecting rod 62 is fixedly mounted on the diameter-increasing plate 5, in this embodiment by welding, but it can also be fixed by bolts, rivets, etc. The connecting rod 62 extends from the diameter-increasing plate 5 along a first direction. Two equal-length first swing rods 61 are rotatably mounted on the connecting rod 62 via pins. The ends of the two first swing rods 61 are rotatably mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 3. The distance between the two ends of the two first swing rods 61 is the same, ensuring that the first swing rods 61 remain stable and synchronized during swinging. The limiting plate 4 has a through slot 10 arranged in the second direction. The end of the connecting rod 62 near the limiting plate 4 passes through the through slot 10 and extends outward. A first roller 9 and a second roller 11 are synchronously mounted on the connecting rod 62. The first roller 9 and the second roller 11 roll in contact with each other on the side of the limiting plate 4 near the sliding sleeve 3 and the side away from the sliding sleeve 3, respectively. The first roller 9 is provided to prevent direct interference between the limiting plate 4 and the expanding plate 5 when the expanding plate 5 expands. The second roller 11 is provided to prevent the connecting rod 62 from being pulled out of the limiting plate 4 when the expanding plate 5 contracts, thus preventing the connecting rod 62 from displacing in the first direction. When the first driving member 8 drives the sliding sleeve 3 to move closer to the limiting plate 4, it drives the end of the first swing rod 61 to move synchronously. Since the two first swing arms 61 are arranged of equal length, and the other end of the first swing arm 61 is hinged to the diameter-increasing plate 5 via the connecting rod 62, the swing of the first swing arm 61 will drive the connecting rod 62 to move along the second direction. The connecting rod 62 will then drive the diameter-increasing plate 5 to move parallel along the second direction, thereby realizing the expansion or contraction of the diameter-increasing plate 5. During expansion, the first roller 9 will apply pressure to the limiting plate 4, and during contraction, the second roller 11 will apply pressure to the limiting plate 4. The first roller 9 rolls under force and provides support to the side of the limiting plate 4, thereby limiting the connecting rod 62 from continuing to approach the frame 1 along the first direction. This limiting effect ensures that even if the sliding sleeve 3 continues to be driven, the axial position of the connecting rod 62 will no longer change, thereby ensuring that the distance between the substrate roll and the limiting plate 4 in the first direction remains unchanged.

[0035] The first driving component 8 includes a turntable 81 and a handle 82. Specifically, the turntable 81 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 via a threaded pair. The turntable 81 has an internal thread at a corresponding position, and the corresponding section of the rotating shaft 2 has an external thread; the two mate to form a threaded pair. The handle 82 is fixedly mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the turntable 81 by welding or bolting, facilitating the operator's grip and application of rotational torque. Typically, there are three handles 82, equidistantly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the turntable 81 for easy force application.

[0036] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A second rocker arm 12 is rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod 62. A connecting sleeve 13 is rotatably mounted on the ends of multiple second rocker arms 12. Specifically, the connecting sleeve 13 has an annular or cylindrical structure, is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2, and can slide along the rotating shaft 2 in the first direction. The connecting sleeve 13 is located on the side of the limiting plate 4 away from the sliding sleeve 3. Multiple second rocker arms 12 are rotatably connected to corresponding pin holes on the connecting sleeve 13, thereby linking multiple connecting rods 62 to the connecting sleeve 13. A second driving member 14 is provided at the end of the connecting sleeve 13 away from the first driving member 8. The second driving member 14 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the second driving member 14 has the same structure as the first driving member 8. The second driving member 14 bears the pressure transmitted by the connecting rod 62 along the first direction. Specifically, when the inner ring of the substrate roll presses against the diameter-increasing plate 5 and transmits the force to the connecting sleeve 13 through the connecting rod 62 and the second rocker arms 12, the connecting sleeve 13 transmits this axial pressure to the second driving member 14. The second active member 14 converts the pressure into an axial reaction force on the rotating shaft 2 through its threaded joint, thereby forming a closed loop of force and balancing the force on the entire mechanism. By setting the second active member 14, the diameter-increasing plate 5 can be further tightened after it expands and abuts against the inner ring of the substrate roll, thereby further increasing the clamping force. At the same time, the second active member 14 can also help bear the axial force transmitted by the diameter-increasing mechanism, avoiding excessive force on a single point of the first active member 8, which could lead to structural failure.

[0037] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A first push plate 15 is provided between the second driving member 14 and the connecting sleeve 13. The first push plate 15 has a disc-shaped structure, is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 and can slide on the rotating shaft 2 along the first direction. One end face of the first push plate 15 can abut against the second driving member 14, and the other end face can abut against the connecting sleeve 13. A second push plate 16 is provided between the limiting plate 4 and the first elastic member 7. The second push plate 16 has a disc-shaped structure, is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 and can slide along the first direction. The second push plate 16 is located between the limiting plate 4 and the first elastic member 7. One end of the first elastic member 7 abuts against the end face of the second push plate 16, rather than directly against the sliding sleeve 3. The first push plate 15 and the second push plate 16 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 25. The connecting rod 25 extends along the first direction, and its two ends are respectively connected to the first push plate 15 and the second push plate 16, thereby linking the two discs. The first push plate 15, the connecting rod 25 and the second push plate 16 constitute an integral linkage structure.

[0038] The work process is as follows:

[0039] Initial state: The first elastic element 7 is in the extended state, causing the sliding sleeve 3 to move away from the limiting plate 4, and the diameter increasing plate 5 is in the retracted position.

[0040] Intermediate state: The sliding sleeve 3 moves towards the limiting plate 4, thereby driving the first swing rod 61 to push the diameter-increasing plate 5. The diameter-increasing plate 5 expands outward along the second direction, but each diameter-increasing plate 5 has not yet fully contacted the inner ring of the substrate roll. At this time, the second active member 14 has not yet applied additional pressure to the connecting sleeve 13, and there is a certain free gap between the first push plate 15 and the connecting sleeve 13.

[0041] Tightening state: After each diameter increasing plate 5 is in contact with the inner surface of the substrate roll, as... Figure 3 As shown, the weight of the substrate roll is transmitted partly to the sliding sleeve 3 through the connecting rod 62 and the second swing rod 12, and partly to the limiting plate 4 through the connecting rod 62 and the first roller 9. When the rotating shaft 2 rotates, it will drive the first roller 9 to intermittently apply pressure to the limiting plate 4. If the steel plate is subjected to intermittent pressure for a long time, even if the pressure does not reach the yield strength in a single instance, micro-cracks will initiate and propagate at the defect, eventually leading to low-stress brittle fracture. The fracture surface has no obvious plastic deformation, which easily leads to metal fatigue, resulting in crack initiation and fracture.

[0042] At this point, the second driving member 14 continues to rotate, pushing the first push plate 15 along the first direction. The first push plate 15 drives the second push plate 16 to move synchronously through the connecting rod 25 until the first push plate 15 is tightly against the connecting sleeve 13. The second push plate 16 further compresses the first elastic member 7, further increasing the elastic force of the first elastic member 7. Since the elastic force of the first elastic member 7 is transmitted to the first driving member 8 through the sliding sleeve 3, the axial clamping force between the turntable 81 and the sliding sleeve 3 increases, thereby increasing the friction between the first driving member 8 and the threaded pair of the rotating shaft 2. This increase in friction significantly enhances the self-locking ability of the turntable 81 relative to the rotating shaft 2, effectively preventing the turntable 81 from rotating or loosening unexpectedly due to vibration, impact, or the weight of the substrate roll itself during unwinding, and thus preventing displacement of the sliding sleeve 3 and the diameter increasing plate 5. Meanwhile, the pressure originally applied to the limiting plate 4 by the connecting rod 62 through the first roller 9 will be transmitted to the second swing rod 12 through the connecting rod 62, and then transmitted to the second driving member 14 by the second swing rod 12 through the first push plate 15, instead of being directly applied to the limiting plate 4, thereby reducing the pressure applied to the limiting plate 4 by the first roller 9.

[0043] Release state: When it is necessary to release the substrate roll, the second active member 14 is rotated in the opposite direction. The second active member 14 releases its push on the first push plate 15. Under its own elastic force, the first elastic member 7 pushes the second push plate 16, the first push plate 15, and the connecting sleeve 13 to reset. At the same time, the first active member 8 is rotated in the opposite direction, the sliding sleeve 3 moves away from the limiting plate 4, and the diameter increasing plate 5 retracts inward.

[0044] See Figure 2 and Figure 5A positioning component 17 is fixedly installed on the frame 1. The positioning component 17 preferably has a plate-like or block-like structure and is fixed to the crossbeam or column of the frame 1 by bolts or welding. The positioning component 17 has a through hole, through which a connecting shaft 18, fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 2, is rotatably installed. The connection between the connecting shaft 18 and the rotating shaft 2 can be achieved by rigid connection methods such as welding, keying, or interference fit, enabling synchronous rotation of the connecting shaft 18 and the rotating shaft 2. A first brake pad 19 is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting shaft 18 away from the rotating shaft 2. The first brake pad 19 is a friction pad, such as an asbestos friction pad, ceramic friction pad, or semi-metallic friction pad, and is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 18 by keying, splines, or welding, allowing the first brake pad 19 to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 2. A guide rod 20 is also inserted and fixedly installed within the positioning component 17. A movable component 21 is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rod 20. The movable component 21 has a block or disc-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod 20. A second brake pad 22 is provided between the movable component 21 and the positioning component 17. The second brake pad 22 is also made of friction pad material and can slide in the first direction under the guidance of the guide rod 20. A pressure rod 23 is fixedly installed on the side of the second brake pad 22 away from the first brake pad 19. The pressure rod 23 passes through the movable component 21. The free end of the pressure rod 23 extends out of the movable component 21 for easy pressing by the operator. A second elastic component 24, which is a spring in this embodiment, is provided between the second brake pad 22 and the positioning component 17. The second elastic component 24 is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod 20, with one end abutting against the second brake pad 22 and the other end abutting against the inner wall surface of the positioning component 17. The second elastic component 24 pushes the second brake pad 22 away from the positioning component 17 through its elasticity. In its natural state, the second elastic component 24 separates the second brake pad 22 from the first brake pad 19 or maintains a small safety gap.

[0045] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application.

Claims

1. An unwinding machine for unwinding substrate rolls, characterized in that: The device includes a frame (1), on which a rotating shaft (2) is rotatably mounted along a first direction. A sliding sleeve (3) that moves along the first direction is fitted on the rotating shaft (2). A plurality of limiting plates (4) arranged in a ring array are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (2). The length direction of the limiting plate (4) is set as a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction. A diameter-increasing plate (5) that is parallel to the first direction is provided on the side of the limiting plate (4) near the sliding sleeve (3). A transmission assembly (6) is installed between the diameter-increasing plate (5) and the sliding sleeve (3) to drive the diameter-increasing plate (5) to move parallel to the second direction when the sliding sleeve (3) moves along the first direction. A first elastic member (7) that drives the sliding sleeve (3) away from the limiting plate (4) is provided at one end of the sliding sleeve (3), and a first active member (8) that drives the sliding sleeve (3) to move along the first direction on the rotating shaft (2). When the substrate roll is placed on the diameter-increasing plate (5), the sliding sleeve (3) is driven to move along the first direction, so that each diameter-increasing plate (5) moves along the second direction to contact the inner ring of the substrate roll with different diameters, while ensuring that the distance between the substrate roll and the limiting plate (4) in the first direction remains unchanged.

2. The unwinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (6) includes two first rocker arms (61) of equal length rotatably mounted between the diameter-increasing plate (5) and the sliding sleeve (3). The first rocker arms (61), the diameter-increasing plate (5) and the sliding sleeve (3) constitute a four-bar linkage (62).

3. The unwinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A connecting rod (62) is fixedly installed on the side of the diameter-increasing plate (5) near the limiting plate (4). A first roller (9) is rotatably installed on the connecting rod (62). When the first roller (9) contacts the side of the limiting plate (4), there is a gap between the limiting plate (4) and the diameter-increasing plate (5). When the first active member (8) drives the sliding sleeve (3) to approach the limiting plate (4), the first roller (9) restricts the connecting rod (62) from approaching the frame (1) in the first direction within the through groove (10).

4. The unwinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first active component (8) includes a turntable (81) threadedly connected to the rotating shaft (2) and a handle (82) mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the first turntable (81), the turntable (81) being in contact with the end face of the sliding sleeve (3).

5. The unwinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting plate (4) has a through groove (10) arranged in the second direction. The end of the connecting rod (62) passes through the through groove (10), and a second roller (11) is rotatably mounted on the connecting rod (62). The side of the limiting plate (4) away from the first roller (9) is tumbledly connected to the second roller (11). When the first elastic member (7) drives the sliding sleeve (3) away from the limiting plate (4), the second roller (11) restricts the connecting rod (62) to move away from the frame (1) in the first direction within the through groove (10).

6. The unwinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod (62) is rotatably mounted with a second rocker arm (12). The ends of multiple second rocker arms (12) are rotatably mounted with a connecting sleeve (13) that slides along the first direction on the rotating shaft (2). The connecting sleeve (13) is provided with a second active member (14) that is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft (2) at the end away from the first active member (8). The second active member (14) has the same structure as the first active member (8). The second active member (14) bears the pressure transmitted by the connecting rod (62) along the first direction.

7. The unwinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first push plate (15) that slides on the rotating shaft (2) is provided between the second active member (14) and the connecting sleeve (13). A second push plate (16) that slides on the rotating shaft (2) is provided between the limiting plate (4) and the first elastic member (7). A connecting rod (25) is fixedly connected between the first push plate (15) and the second push plate (16). After the diameter-increasing plate (5) contacts the inner surface of the substrate roll, the second active member (14) pushes the first push plate (15) to contact the end face of the connecting sleeve (13), so that the second push plate (16) pushes the first elastic member (7) to continue to compress in order to increase the frictional force of the threaded pair between the first active member (8) and the rotating shaft (2).

8. The unwinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning component (17) is fixedly installed on the frame (1). A connecting shaft (18) fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (2) is rotatably installed inside the positioning component (17). A first brake pad (19) is fixedly installed at the end of the connecting shaft (18). A guide rod (20) arranged along the first direction is fixedly installed through the positioning component (17). A movable component (21) is fixedly installed at the end of the guide rod (20). A second brake pad (22) is slidably connected to the guide rod (20) between the movable component (21) and the positioning component (17). A pressure rod (23) that passes through the movable component (21) is fixedly installed on the side of the second brake pad (22) away from the first brake pad (19). A second elastic component (24) sleeved outside the guide rod (20) is provided between the second brake pad (22) and the positioning component (17).

9. The unwinding machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first elastic element (7) and the second elastic element (24) are configured as springs.

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