A conical anchoring device for matte hoisting and a hoisting method

Abstract

The application discloses a conical anchoring device and hoisting method for matte hoisting, and belongs to the technical field of metal smelting hoisting, which comprises a conical lifting hammer, the conical lifting hammer is in a conical structure, the diameter of the top end of the conical structure is smaller than that of the bottom end, the full cone angle is 20-25 degrees, the conical lifting hammer is configured to be embedded into the interior of molten matte to form an anchoring section; a lifting ring is integrally formed at the top end of the conical lifting hammer, the lifting ring is configured to be exposed to the liquid surface when the conical lifting hammer is embedded into the molten matte, thereby forming a hoisting section for hoisting by external hoisting equipment. In the application, the conical lifting hammer is provided, and the full cone angle is controlled within the range of 20-25 degrees, so that the conical lifting hammer is embedded into the molten matte and solidified with the molten matte, and when the solidified matte forms a one-way wedge structure on the conical surface under the upward force, it is not necessary to additionally open a hoisting hole on the matte block, and the anchoring force is mainly provided by the conical wedge effect and the mechanical fitting of the anti-disengagement lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal smelting hoisting technology, and particularly relates to a conical anchoring device and hoisting method for hoisting matte. Background Technology

[0002] In copper smelting, matte is an intermediate product of flash smelting or pool smelting. It is typically discharged from the furnace in a molten state and poured into specific molds or cooling pools. The molten matte gradually solidifies naturally in the molds, forming large blocks of solid matte. These blocks then need to be lifted from the molds and transported to the next process, such as crushing or blowing. The lifting and transport of large blocks of matte is a routine part of daily production in smelters, and the reliability, efficiency, and safety of this process directly affect the overall production rhythm.

[0003] Currently, the following methods are mainly used for hoisting large blocks of copper matte on site, but all have varying degrees of drawbacks. One method is to directly clamp and lift using mold clamps. This method requires the copper matte to be completely solidified and of uniform size. The contact area between the clamps and the copper matte block is limited, posing a risk of slippage during hoisting, and the clamps generate significant noise when flipping the copper matte block. Another method involves pre-embedding metal lifting rings in the molten copper matte before it is completely solidified, and then lifting the entire block of copper matte using the lifting rings after it solidifies. However, the anchoring force between the lifting rings and the solidified copper matte mainly relies on surface friction and the limited contact area. During hoisting, the lifting rings are prone to detaching from the solidified copper matte, resulting in insufficient anchoring reliability. Yet another method involves manually drilling holes and threading ropes for hoisting after the copper matte has completely cooled and solidified. This method is inefficient, labor-intensive for workers, and drilling can damage the integrity of the copper matte block, affecting subsequent processing.

[0004] In summary, existing methods for hoisting matte still have shortcomings in terms of anchoring reliability, operational efficiency, and cost control. There is an urgent need for a hoisting device and method that can utilize the solidification properties of matte to form reliable anchoring points and has a durable structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a conical anchoring device and lifting method for hoisting copper matte, so as to solve the problems of insufficient anchoring reliability, operation efficiency or cost control in traditional technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte copper, comprising: A conical pendulum, wherein the conical pendulum has a conical structure, the diameter of the top end of the conical structure is smaller than the diameter of the bottom end, and the full cone angle is 20° to 25°, and the conical pendulum is configured to be pre-embedded in the interior of molten copper matte to form an anchoring section; The lifting ring is integrally formed on the top of the conical hammer and is configured to protrude above the liquid surface when the conical hammer is pre-embedded with molten copper matte, forming a lifting section for external lifting equipment to lift. Anti-detachment texture, which is set on the conical surface of the conical hammer.

[0007] Preferably, the conical hammer and the lifting ring are both made of heat-resistant steel, and the melting point of the heat-resistant steel is higher than the temperature of molten copper matte.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-detachment texture includes multiple annular grooves formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer, and the multiple annular grooves are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-detachment texture includes multiple arc-shaped grooves and connecting grooves formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer. The multiple arc-shaped grooves are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer and are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the conical surface of the conical hammer. A gap segment is formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves at the same height, and the connecting groove passes through the middle of each gap segment at each height.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a chassis, which is integrally formed on the bottom end face of the conical hammer, and the diameter of the chassis is equal to the diameter of the bottom end face of the conical hammer.

[0011] A method for hoisting a conical anchoring device for matte, using the aforementioned conical anchoring device for matte hoisting, includes the following steps: S1. Placement stage: After the molten copper matte is poured, when the surface is in a high-temperature liquid state immediately after pouring or when only a thin shell has formed and not completely solidified, the conical hammer is vertically sunk below the surface of the molten copper matte. The sinking depth is adjusted according to the depth of the mold on site and the height of the molten copper matte in the mold, so that the lifting ring is exposed above the top surface of the molten copper matte. S2, Anchoring Formation: Keep the conical hammer vertical and stationary, allowing the molten copper matte to gradually cool and solidify from top to bottom, with the copper matte tightly wrapping the conical surface and anti-detachment texture of the conical hammer; S3. Lifting Stage: After the copper matte has solidified as a whole, apply a vertical upward pulling force through the lifting rings to lift the entire piece of copper matte.

[0012] Preferably, during the S1 placement stage, the conical hammer is lifted by a lifting device through a lifting ring to the top of the mold and aligned with the center of the molten copper matte surface.

[0013] Preferably, during the S2 anchoring formation stage, the duration for which the conical hammer remains vertically stationary is longer than the duration required for the molten copper matte inside the mold to completely solidify from the surface to the interior.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, by setting a conical hammer and controlling the full cone angle within the range of 20° to 25°, the conical hammer is pre-embedded with molten matte. After the matte cools and solidifies, when subjected to upward force, the solidified matte forms a one-way wedge structure on the conical surface. There is no need to open additional lifting holes on the matte block. The anchoring force is mainly provided by the mechanical interlocking of the conical wedge effect and the anti-detachment texture, which can reliably lift the entire piece of matte. Compared with the traditional pre-embedded lifting ring that only relies on surface friction, this helps to improve the anchoring stability. The base plate forms a reinforcing structure at the edge of the conical bottom of the hammer, which bears the bending stress of the bottom edge during lifting, effectively preventing the bottom surface from twisting and deforming under upward pulling force.

[0015] 2. The anti-detachment texture in this invention forms a metal interlocking structure or mechanical stop at the interface between the conical surface and the matte after the molten copper solidifies, dispersing the axial shear force during hoisting to each interlocking interface and preventing relative slippage between the conical hammer and the matte; wherein, when the arc groove and the connecting groove are combined, the notch section blocks the continuous circumferential shear failure path, and the pull-out resistance can be improved; the connecting groove forms an axially continuous metal structure, further enhancing the reliability of axial anchoring. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the conical anchoring device for hoisting matte proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the conical anchoring device for hoisting matte proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conical hammer, representing an embodiment of a conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-detachment texture of a conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to the present invention, in Embodiment 2, where the connecting groove is a straight groove. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-detachment texture of a conical anchoring device for hoisting matte, as proposed in this invention, where the connecting groove is a spiral groove.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Conical hammer, 2. Lifting ring, 3. Anti-detachment texture, 31. Annular groove, 32. Arc groove, 33. Notched section, 34. Connecting groove, 4. Chassis. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Example

[0019] Reference Figures 1-3 A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte includes a conical hammer 1, a lifting ring 2, anti-detachment grooves 3, and a base 4.

[0020] The conical hammer 1 has a conical structure with a top diameter smaller than the bottom diameter and a full cone angle of 20° to 25°. The conical hammer 1 is configured to be embedded in the interior of molten copper matte to form an anchoring section.

[0021] The cross-section of the conical hammer 1 perpendicular to the axis can be circular or elliptical, preferably elliptical. The elliptical cross-section can be made of round steel by hot forging, or by sand casting, investment casting and other processes. While ensuring the bending strength of the cone bottom section, it optimizes the density of the casting structure. The elliptical cross-section makes the contact interface between the cone surface and the matte non-uniformly symmetrical in the circumferential direction, effectively preventing relative rotation between the conical hammer 1 and the matte.

[0022] The full cone angle is controlled within the range of 20° to 25°. The full cone angle is the angle between the two generatrices on the left and right sides, so that when the cone-shaped hammer 1 is subjected to upward force, the solidified matte forms a one-way wedge structure on the cone surface. If the cone angle is too small and the cone surface is too steep, the clamping force of the solidified matte will be weak, and it will be easy to slip under the action of upward pulling force.

[0023] The lifting ring 2 is integrally formed at the top of the conical hammer 1. The lifting ring 2 is configured to protrude from the liquid surface when the conical hammer 1 is pre-embedded with molten copper matte, forming a lifting section for external lifting equipment to lift.

[0024] The lifting ring 2 and the conical hammer 1 are integrally cast, eliminating the stress concentration weak points at the joint. The extension height of the lifting ring 2 is matched with the pre-embedded depth of the conical hammer 1, so that the lifting ring 2 is higher than its top surface after the copper enamel solidifies, allowing external hoisting equipment such as lifting equipment to be directly attached.

[0025] Both the conical hammer 1 and the lifting ring 2 are made of heat-resistant steel. The melting point of heat-resistant steel is higher than that of molten matte, and it has sufficient resistance to high-temperature softening and creep at the working temperature of molten matte. This ensures that the conical hammer 1 maintains its structural integrity during the process of pre-embedding into molten matte and does not fuse with the molten matte. Compared with lifting rings made of ordinary materials, heat-resistant steel has better structural integrity at high temperatures.

[0026] Anti-detachment texture 3 is set on the conical surface of the conical hammer 1.

[0027] The anti-detachment texture 3 includes multiple annular grooves 31 formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer 1. The multiple annular grooves 31 are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer 1. Molten copper matte fills the recessed space of the annular grooves 31 and solidifies, forming an annular metal interlocking structure at the interface between the conical surface and the copper matte, dispersing the axial shear force to each interlocking interface.

[0028] The anti-detachment texture 3 can also be configured as multiple annular protrusions spaced apart along the generatrix of the conical surface of the conical hammer 1. An annular concave-convex surface is formed between the annular protrusions and the conical surface. The annular protrusions are embedded in the solidified copper matte to form a mechanical stop, preventing the conical hammer 1 from detaching axially.

[0029] The chassis 4 is integrally formed on the bottom end face of the conical hammer 1, and the diameter of the chassis 4 is equal to the diameter of the bottom end face of the conical hammer 1.

[0030] The chassis 4 does not extend the anchoring envelope outward, forming a reinforced structure at the bottom of the cone. During hoisting, it bears the bending stress at the edge of the bottom surface, preventing the bottom surface from twisting and deforming under upward tension.

[0031] When in use, at the smelting or casting site of matte, molten matte is discharged into the mold cavity. At this time, the surface of the molten matte is in a high-temperature liquid state immediately after pouring, or it has naturally dissipated heat to form a thin shell but has not yet completely solidified.

[0032] The operator uses the workshop's lifting equipment to attach the hook to the lifting ring 2, and then uses the lifting ring 2 to vertically lift the conical hammer 1 above the mold, aligning the conical hammer 1 with the center of the molten copper matte inside the mold. Based on the depth of the mold and the discharge height of the molten copper matte after solidification, the operator controls the lifting equipment to slowly lower the conical hammer 1, making it sink vertically to a predetermined depth below the molten copper matte surface, ensuring that the lifting ring 2 is always higher than the top surface of the molten copper matte so that the lifting equipment can be directly attached during subsequent lifting.

[0033] After being lowered into place, the operator removes the hook of the lifting equipment from the lifting ring 2, or keeps the lifting ring 2 in a free state without additional tension, so that the conical hammer 1 remains vertical and stationary in the molten copper matte.

[0034] Subsequently, the molten copper matte inside the mold gradually cools and solidifies from the surface to the inside. During the solidification process, the copper matte shrinks in volume, and the solidified copper matte layer exerts a continuous radial compressive force on the conical surface of the conical hammer 1, causing a tight cohesive contact between the conical surface and the copper matte. At the same time, the molten copper matte flows into the annular groove 31 or annular concave-convex surface of the anti-loosening texture 3 and solidifies, and the base plate 4 is gradually covered by the solidified copper matte.

[0035] Once the matte in the mold has solidified as a whole, i.e. there is no more flowing melt on the surface, the operator uses the lifting equipment to attach the lifting ring 2 again and apply a vertical upward pulling force. The conical surface of the conical hammer 1 mainly bears the axial force, and the anti-loosening texture 3 enhances the anchoring reliability. The entire piece of matte, together with the conical hammer 1, is lifted and transported. Example

[0036] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5Compared to Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 differs only in the anti-detachment texture 3. The anti-detachment texture 3 includes multiple arc-shaped grooves 32 and connecting grooves 34 formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer 1. The multiple arc-shaped grooves 32 are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer 1 and are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the conical surface of the conical hammer 1. A gap segment 33 is formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves 32 at the same height, and the connecting groove 34 passes through the middle of the gap segment 33 at each height.

[0037] The arc-shaped groove 32 extends in an arc shape in the circumferential direction. The gap section 33 between adjacent arc-shaped grooves 32 makes the circumferential arc-shaped metal interlocking structure formed after solidification discontinuous in the circumferential direction. The shear failure surface during pull-out is interrupted by the gap section 33 and cannot be connected along the continuous interface.

[0038] The connecting groove 34 passes through the middle of the notch section 33 of each layer along the height direction of the conical hammer 1. After the matte solidifies, an axial continuous metal structure is formed in the connecting groove 34, and the connecting groove 34 forms a circumferential limit on the solidified matte.

[0039] When the gaps 33 of each layer are aligned in the circumferential direction, the connecting groove 34 is a straight groove extending along the generatrix of the cone surface; when the gaps 33 of adjacent layers are staggered in the circumferential direction, the connecting groove 34 is a spiral groove extending along the cone surface.

[0040] In use, the placement and hoisting stages of the conical anchoring device are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here. During the solidification stage of molten matte, the molten matte flows into the arc-shaped groove 32 and the connecting groove 34 of the anti-loosening texture 3 and solidifies. The notch section 33 blocks the continuous circumferential shear failure path, and the pull-out resistance can be improved. The metal interlocking structure formed by the intersection of the arc-shaped groove 32 and the connecting groove 34 further enhances the anchoring reliability.

[0041] During the hoisting phase, the metal interlocking structure in the anti-loosening texture 3 further disperses the axial shear force, enhances the anchoring reliability, and prevents relative slippage between the conical hammer 1 and the matte.

[0042] A method for hoisting a conical anchoring device for matte, using the aforementioned conical anchoring device for matte hoisting, includes the following steps: S1. Placement stage: After the molten copper matte is poured, when the surface is in a high-temperature liquid state immediately after pouring or when only a thin shell has been formed and not completely solidified, the conical hammer 1 is vertically sunk below the surface of the molten copper matte. The sinking depth is adjusted according to the depth of the mold on site and the height of the molten copper matte in the mold, so that the lifting ring 2 is exposed above the top surface of the molten copper matte. S2, Anchoring formation: Keep the conical hammer 1 vertical and stationary, and allow the molten copper matte to gradually cool and solidify from top to bottom. The copper matte tightly wraps the conical surface of the conical hammer 1 and the anti-detachment texture 3. S3. Lifting Stage: After the copper matte has solidified as a whole, apply a vertical upward pulling force through the lifting ring 2 to lift the entire piece of copper matte.

[0043] During the S1 placement stage, the conical hammer 1 is lifted by the lifting equipment through the lifting ring 2 to the top of the mold and aligned with the center of the molten copper matte surface.

[0044] During the S2 anchoring stage, the time for which the conical hammer 1 remains vertically stationary is longer than the time required for the molten copper matte inside the mold to completely solidify from the surface to the interior.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte, characterized in that, include: A conical pendulum (1) has a conical structure, with the top diameter of the conical structure being smaller than the bottom diameter, and the full cone angle being 20° to 25°. The conical pendulum (1) is configured to be pre-embedded in the interior of molten copper matte to form an anchoring section. The lifting ring (2) is integrally formed on the top of the conical hammer (1). The lifting ring (2) is configured to protrude from the liquid surface when the conical hammer (1) is pre-embedded with molten copper matte, forming a lifting section for external lifting equipment to lift. Anti-detachment texture (3), the anti-detachment texture (3) is set on the conical surface of the conical hammer (1); The anti-loosening texture (3) includes multiple arc-shaped grooves (32) and connecting grooves (34) formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer (1). The multiple arc-shaped grooves (32) are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer (1) and are distributed in a circular array along the circumference of the conical surface of the conical hammer (1). A gap segment (33) is formed between two adjacent arc-shaped grooves (32) at the same height. The connecting groove (34) passes through the middle of each gap segment (33) at each height.

2. A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical hammer (1) and the lifting ring (2) are both made of heat-resistant steel, and the melting point of the heat-resistant steel is higher than the temperature of molten copper matte.

3. A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-detachment texture (3) includes multiple annular grooves (31) formed on the conical surface of the conical hammer (1), and the multiple annular grooves (31) are arranged at intervals along the generatrix direction of the conical surface of the conical hammer (1).

4. A conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a chassis (4), which is integrally formed on the bottom end face of the conical hammer (1), and the diameter of the chassis (4) is equal to the diameter of the bottom end face of the conical hammer (1).

5. A method for hoisting a conical anchoring device for matte copper hoisting, characterized in that, The conical anchoring device for suspending matte as described in claim 4 includes the following steps: S1, Placement stage: After the molten matte is poured, when the surface is in a high-temperature liquid state immediately after pouring or when only a thin shell has been formed and not completely solidified, the conical hammer (1) is vertically sunk below the molten matte liquid surface. The sinking depth is adjusted according to the depth of the mold on site and the height of the molten matte liquid surface in the mold, so that the lifting ring (2) is exposed above the top surface of the molten matte. S2, Anchoring formation: Keep the conical hammer (1) vertical and stationary, and allow the molten copper matte to gradually cool and solidify from top to bottom. The copper matte tightly wraps the conical surface of the conical hammer (1) and the anti-detachment texture (3). S3. Lifting stage: After the copper matte has solidified as a whole, apply a vertical upward pulling force through the lifting ring (2) to lift the entire piece of copper matte.

6. The hoisting method for a conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the S1 placement stage, the conical hammer (1) is lifted by the lifting equipment through the lifting ring (2) to the top of the mold and aligned with the center of the molten copper matte surface.

7. The hoisting method for a conical anchoring device for hoisting matte according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the S2 anchoring stage, the time for which the conical hammer (1) remains vertically stationary is longer than the time required for the molten copper matte inside the mold to completely solidify from the surface to the interior.

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