Filtering descaling device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of boiler water supply and discloses a filtering and descaling device, which comprises a shell, a filtering assembly and a magnetization and descaling assembly. The filtering assembly is arranged in the shell and is used for removing suspended impurities in make-up water. The magnetization and descaling assembly is arranged in the shell and is located downstream of the filtering assembly and is used for magnetizing the water treated by the filtering assembly to change the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions in the water. The filtering and descaling device has a filtering state and a backwashing state. In the filtering state, raw water flows through the filtering assembly and the magnetization and descaling assembly in sequence. In the backwashing state, backwashing fluid flows reversely through the filtering assembly to clean the filtering assembly. The filtering and descaling device of the present application integrates filtering and magnetization and descaling, can simultaneously realize suspended impurity removal and scale prevention and removal, has a small floor area and a high degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of boiler water supply technology, and specifically relates to a filtration and descaling device. Background Technology

[0002] The quality of boiler feedwater is a core factor affecting the safe and stable operation of a boiler, directly impacting its service life, operating thermal efficiency, and the overall safety of the thermal system. Feedwater typically contains suspended impurities and hardness ions such as calcium and magnesium. Under the harsh conditions of high temperature and pressure on the boiler's heating surfaces, these hardness ions readily crystallize and deposit, forming scale. Scale has a much lower thermal conductivity than metal heating surfaces; even a thin scale layer can significantly reduce heat transfer efficiency, leading to increased flue gas temperature, increased fuel consumption, and energy waste. As scale thickens, the wall temperature of the heating surfaces continues to rise, reducing the strength of the metal materials. In severe cases, this can cause bulging, deformation, or even tube rupture, threatening personnel and equipment safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, embodiments of this invention propose a filtration and descaling device that integrates filtration and magnetization descaling into one unit, simultaneously achieving the removal of suspended impurities and the prevention and removal of scale, while having a small footprint and a high degree of automation.

[0004] The filtration and descaling apparatus of this disclosure includes:

[0005] case; A filter assembly, disposed within the housing, is used to remove suspended impurities from the makeup water; A magnetization descaling component is disposed within the housing and located downstream of the filter component. It is used to magnetize the water treated by the filter component to change the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions in the water. The filtration and descaling device has a filtration state and a backwashing state. In the filtration state, raw water flows sequentially through the filtration component and the magnetized descaling component. In the backwashing state, backwashing fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filtration component to clean it.

[0006] The filtration and descaling device of this disclosure integrates the filtration component and the magnetization descaling component into the same housing, achieving integrated filtration and descaling treatment. Raw water first passes through the filtration component to remove suspended impurities, and then passes through the magnetization descaling component for magnetization treatment, altering the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions and inhibiting scale formation at its source. With the addition of a backwashing function, the filtration component can be automatically cleaned, restoring filtration performance. This solves the problems of dispersed equipment, large footprint, and complex operation caused by separate filtration and descaling units in related technologies.

[0007] In some embodiments, the filtering component includes: A first mounting cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the housing; Multiple partition plates are spaced apart in the first mounting cylinder in the vertical direction to form multiple receiving cavities in the first mounting cylinder, and the multiple receiving cavities are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction. Multiple filter layers are provided, and each of the receiving cavities is provided with a corresponding filter layer. The size of the filter particles in the multiple filter layers gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0008] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses a gradient design with multiple filtration layers from top to bottom, where the filtration particles gradually decrease in size. When water flows from top to bottom, the upper filtration layer with larger particles intercepts larger suspended solids and silt particles, achieving primary coarse filtration. The lower filtration layer with smaller particles intercepts the remaining fine suspended solids and colloidal particles, achieving deep fine filtration. It has a large dirt holding capacity and high filtration accuracy.

[0009] In some embodiments, the magnetization descaling assembly includes: The second mounting cylinder is connected to the inner wall of the housing; Multiple permanent magnets are disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder; A helical blade is disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder, and the axis of the helical blade is collinear with the axis of the second mounting cylinder.

[0010] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet to magnetize calcium and magnesium ions in the water, transforming calcite-type scale crystals that easily adhere to heated surfaces into aragonite-type scale crystals that are less prone to adhesion, thus inhibiting scale formation at its source. Spiral blades guide the water flow in a spiral pattern through the magnetized area, extending the water's residence time in the magnetic field and ensuring the magnetization effect.

[0011] In some embodiments, the filtration and descaling device further includes a backwashing assembly, which includes a water distribution component and an air distribution component. Both the water distribution component and the air distribution component are disposed on the lower side of the second mounting cylinder. The water distribution component is used to introduce backwash water into the filtration assembly, and the air distribution component is used to introduce backwash air into the filtration assembly.

[0012] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment can automatically start the backwashing program when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter component reaches a set value by setting water distribution components and air distribution components. Backwash water and backwash air are introduced into the filter component for cleaning, loosening the filter media layer and peeling off the dirt attached to the filter media surface, restoring the filtration performance, and realizing fully automatic operation without manual intervention.

[0013] In some embodiments, the water distribution component includes an annular water distribution pipe, on which a plurality of water holes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the water distribution pipe is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder; The air distribution component includes an annular air distribution pipe with multiple air holes spaced apart along the circumference. The air distribution pipe is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder and is located inside the water distribution pipe.

[0014] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment utilizes the coaxial arrangement of annular water distribution pipe and annular air distribution pipe, with the air distribution pipe located inside the water distribution pipe. This arrangement allows backwash water and backwash air to be evenly distributed and enter the filter assembly upwards, achieving air-water mixed scrubbing. The projections of both components on the horizontal plane are located within the projection of the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder on the horizontal plane, ensuring that the backwash fluid can evenly cover the entire filter cross-section and preventing backwash dead zones.

[0015] In some embodiments, the backwashing assembly further includes a suction device disposed on the upper side of the filter assembly. The suction device includes a mounting frame, a motor, and a plurality of suction tubes. The motor is disposed on the mounting frame, and the plurality of suction tubes are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the output end of the motor. Each suction tube has a plurality of suction nozzles spaced apart along the horizontal direction on its lower side. The suction tubes are used to connect to an external suction device.

[0016] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment, through the setting of the suction component, drives multiple suction tubes to rotate around the central axis of the housing during the backwashing process. The suction nozzle is aligned with the upper surface of the filter assembly, and the loose dirt and floating impurities on the surface of the filter material layer are sucked up by negative pressure, so as to avoid secondary deposition of dirt and improve the backwashing efficiency.

[0017] In some embodiments, the separator is mesh-like, and the mesh size of the separator is smaller than the size of the filter particles in the adjacent filter layer.

[0018] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses a partition plate with mesh size smaller than the size of the filter particles in the adjacent filter layers. This partition plate can effectively support the filter particles in each filter layer, preventing them from passing through the partition plate and entering the adjacent receiving chambers, thus preventing the filter media from mixing. At the same time, water can flow smoothly through the mesh to the next stage of the filter layer, ensuring the filtration effect.

[0019] In some embodiments, the height of the plurality of receiving cavities gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0020] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment adapts to the dirt-holding requirements of different filter layers by setting the housing cavity to gradually increase in height from top to bottom. The filter particles of the upper filter layer are larger and trap more impurities, so the required housing space is also larger, so that the dirt-holding capacity of each filter layer tends to be balanced, and the overall filtration cycle and backwashing interval are extended.

[0021] In some embodiments, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged at axial and circumferential intervals along the second mounting cylinder.

[0022] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses permanent magnets spaced apart along the axial and circumferential directions to form multiple sets of alternating magnetic fields in the second mounting cylinder. When the water flows through the spiral, it can cut the magnetic lines of force multiple times, enhancing the magnetization effect, making the crystal transformation of calcium and magnesium ions more complete, and improving the scale prevention and descaling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the water distribution component and the air distribution component in this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the suction component in this invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of the suction component in this invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shell structure in this invention.

[0028] Figure label: 1. Shell; 2. Filter assembly; 21. First mounting cylinder; 22. Divider plate; 23. Receiving cavity; 24. Filter layer; 3. Magnetized descaling component; 31. Second mounting cylinder; 32. Permanent magnet; 33. Spiral blade; 4. Backwash assembly; 41. Water distribution component; 411. Water distribution pipe; 412. Water hole; 42. Air distribution component; 421. Air distribution pipe; 422. Air hole; 43. Sewage suction component; 431. Mounting bracket; 432. Motor; 433. Suction pipe; 434. Suction nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the filtration and descaling device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a filtration assembly 2, and a magnetization descaling assembly 3.

[0031] The housing 1 constitutes the main container of the filtration and descaling device. The filter assembly 2 is installed inside the housing 1 and is used to remove suspended impurities from the makeup water. The magnetizing descaling assembly 3 is installed inside the housing 1, downstream of the filter assembly 2. It is used to magnetize the water treated by the filter assembly 2 to change the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions in the water and prevent calcium and magnesium ions from forming scale on the boiler heating surface. The filtration and descaling device has a filtration state and a backwashing state. In the filtration state, the raw water flows sequentially through the filter assembly 2 and the magnetizing descaling assembly 3. In the backwashing state, the backwash fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filter assembly 2 to clean it.

[0032] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment integrates the filtration component 2 and the magnetization descaling component 3 into the same housing 1, achieving integrated filtration and descaling treatment. Raw water first passes through the filtration component 2 to remove suspended impurities, and then passes through the magnetization descaling component 3 for magnetization treatment, altering the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions. With the backwashing function, the filtration component 2 can be automatically cleaned, restoring its filtration performance. This solves the problems of dispersed equipment, large footprint, and complex operation caused by the separate installation of the filtration and descaling units in related technologies.

[0033] Specifically, in the filtration state, raw water enters through the inlet port at the top of the housing 1, and first passes through the filter assembly 2 from top to bottom to remove suspended impurities. The filtered water continues downward into the magnetized descaling assembly 3, and after magnetization treatment, it is discharged from the outlet port at the bottom of the housing 1 and sent to the boiler system. In the backwashing state, backwash water and backwash air are introduced from below the filter assembly 2, and backwash the filter assembly 2 from bottom to top, discharging the trapped impurities from the drain port.

[0034] In some embodiments, the filter assembly 2 includes a first mounting cylinder 21, a plurality of partition plates 22, and a plurality of filter layers 24. The first mounting cylinder 21 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The plurality of partition plates 22 are spaced apart in the first mounting cylinder 21 in a vertical direction to form a plurality of receiving cavities 23 in the first mounting cylinder 21. The plurality of receiving cavities 23 are arranged sequentially in a vertical direction. Each receiving cavity 23 is provided with a corresponding filter layer 24, and the size of the filtered particles in the plurality of filter layers 24 gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0035] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses a gradient design of multiple filter layers 24 with gradually decreasing particle size from top to bottom. When water flows from top to bottom, the upper filter layer 24 with larger particles intercepts larger suspended solids and silt particles, achieving primary coarse filtration. The lower filter layer 24 with smaller particles intercepts the remaining fine suspended solids and colloidal particles, achieving deep fine filtration. It has a large dirt holding capacity and high filtration accuracy, avoiding the problems of easy clogging and low filtration efficiency of a single filter layer.

[0036] Specifically, filter layer 24 employs a multi-layered gradient composite filter media layer, from top to bottom: The first filter layer is an anthracite filter layer with a filter media particle size of 1.2-2.0 mm, used to intercept larger suspended solids and silt particles in the water. The second filter layer is a quartz sand filter layer with a filter media particle size of 0.5-1.2 mm, used to intercept fine suspended solids and colloidal particles remaining after coarse filtration. The third filter layer is a manganese sand iron removal filter layer with a filter media particle size of 0.6-1.0 mm, used to remove residual iron ions in the water and prevent iron oxides from subsequently depositing on pipes and boiler heating surfaces. The fourth filter layer is a scale-modified filter media layer, with the filter media consisting of modified ceramic particles coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene scale-modified coating, with a particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm. This coating has low surface energy characteristics, which can effectively inhibit the adhesion and growth of calcium and magnesium scale crystals on the filter media surface, preventing filter media caking.

[0037] In some embodiments, the magnetized descaling assembly 3 includes a second mounting cylinder 31, a plurality of permanent magnets 32, and a helical blade 33. The second mounting cylinder 31 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, the plurality of permanent magnets 32 are disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder 31, and the helical blade 33 is disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder 31, with the axis of the helical blade 33 being collinear with the axis of the second mounting cylinder 31.

[0038] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment uses a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet 32 ​​to magnetize calcium and magnesium ions in the water, transforming calcite-type scale crystals that easily adhere to heated surfaces into aragonite-type scale crystals that are less prone to adhesion. Simultaneously, it breaks the growth bonds of the scale crystals, inhibiting scale formation and adhesion at the source. The spiral blades 33 guide the water flow in a spiral pattern through the magnetized area, extending the water's residence time in the magnetic field and ensuring the magnetization effect. Combined with the impurity interception of the filter assembly 2, it achieves a dual descaling effect of physical filtration and magnetic scale prevention.

[0039] Specifically, the permanent magnets 32 are neodymium iron boron strong permanent magnets, uniformly and alternately arranged along the circumference of the second mounting cylinder 31, with adjacent permanent magnets 32 having opposite magnetic poles, forming multiple sets of alternating magnetic fields. The spiral blades 33 guide the water flow in a spiral pattern, extending the water's residence time in the magnetic field to 3-5 seconds. The magnetic induction intensity of the magnetization unit can reach 450 mT, which can fully magnetize calcium and magnesium ions in the water.

[0040] Furthermore, the second mounting cylinder 31 is made of 304 stainless steel and is arranged coaxially with the water inlet pipe. Its inner diameter is the same as that of the water inlet pipe to ensure smooth water flow.

[0041] In some embodiments, the filtration and descaling device further includes a backwashing assembly 4, which includes a water distribution component 41 and an air distribution component 42. Both the water distribution component 41 and the air distribution component 42 are disposed on the lower side of the second mounting cylinder 31. The water distribution component 41 is used to introduce backwash water into the filtration assembly 2, and the air distribution component 42 is used to introduce backwash air into the filtration assembly 2.

[0042] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment can automatically start the backwashing program when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter assembly 2 reaches a set value by setting the water distribution component 41 and the air distribution component 42. Backwash water and backwash air are introduced into the filter assembly 2 for cleaning, loosening the filter media layer and peeling off the dirt attached to the surface of the filter media, thereby restoring the filtration performance.

[0043] Specifically, when the inlet and outlet pressure difference of filter component 2 reaches 0.15 MPa or the running time reaches the set value, the backwashing program is automatically triggered: First, the filter inlet and outlet valves are closed, and the backwash air inlet and backwash drain valves are opened to introduce compressed air for air scrubbing, loosening the filter media layer and removing dirt attached to the surface of the filter media; then, the backwash inlet valve is opened to introduce filtered clean water, forming an air-water mixed backwash, which fully agitates the filter media and carries out dirt from the gaps in the filter media; finally, the air inlet valve is closed to perform a separate water backwash to discharge residual dirt. The entire backwashing process is completed automatically, with a backwashing time of only 10-15 minutes and a water consumption of only 2%-3% of the filtered water volume, which can completely restore the filtration performance of filter component 2.

[0044] In some embodiments, the water distribution component 41 includes an annular water distribution pipe 411, on which a plurality of water holes 412 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The water distribution pipe 411 is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder 31. The air distribution component 42 includes an annular air distribution pipe 421, on which a plurality of air holes 422 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The air distribution pipe 421 is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder 31, and the air distribution pipe 421 is disposed inside the water distribution pipe 411.

[0045] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment utilizes the coaxial arrangement of the annular water distribution pipe 411 and the annular air distribution pipe 421, with the air distribution pipe 421 located inside the water distribution pipe 411. This arrangement allows backwash water and backwash air to be evenly distributed and enter the filter assembly 2 upwards, achieving air-water mixed scrubbing. The projections of both components on the horizontal plane are located within the projection of the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder 31 on the horizontal plane, ensuring that the backwash fluid can evenly cover the entire filter cross-section and avoid backwash dead zones.

[0046] Specifically, the water distribution pipe 411 adopts an annular perforated pipe structure with an opening diameter of 8mm and an opening spacing of 50mm to ensure uniform distribution of backwash water. The air distribution pipe 421 adopts a porous aeration disc structure, which can generate uniform microbubbles.

[0047] In some embodiments, the backwashing assembly 4 further includes a suction component 43, which is disposed on the upper side of the filter assembly 2. The suction component 43 includes a mounting bracket 431, a motor 432, and a plurality of suction tubes 433. The motor 432 is disposed on the mounting bracket 431, and the plurality of suction tubes 433 are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the output end of the motor 432. Each suction tube 433 has a plurality of suction nozzles 434 spaced apart along the horizontal direction on its lower side. The suction tubes 433 are used to connect to an external suction device.

[0048] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment, through the setting of the suction component 43, drives multiple suction tubes 433 to rotate around the central axis of the housing during the backwashing process. The suction nozzle 434 is aligned with the upper surface of the filter assembly 2, and the loose dirt and floating impurities on the surface of the filter material layer are sucked up by negative pressure, so as to avoid secondary deposition of dirt and improve the backwashing efficiency.

[0049] Specifically, the motor 432 drives the suction tube 433 to rotate through the reduction mechanism at a speed of 1 r / min, and the suction nozzle 434 can cover the entire surface of the filter layer to ensure no blind spots for cleaning.

[0050] In some embodiments, the separator 22 is mesh-like, and the mesh size of the separator 22 is smaller than the filter particle size of the adjacent filter layer 24.

[0051] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment features a partition plate 22 with mesh size smaller than the size of the filter particles in the adjacent filter layer 24. This partition plate 22 can effectively support the filter particles in each filter layer 24, preventing the filter particles from passing through the partition plate 22 and entering the adjacent receiving cavity 23, thus preventing the filter media from mixing. At the same time, water can flow smoothly through the mesh to the next stage of the filter layer 24, ensuring the filtration effect.

[0052] In some embodiments, the height of the plurality of receiving cavities 23 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0053] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment adapts to the dirt-holding requirements of different filter layers 24 by gradually increasing the height of the receiving cavity 23 from top to bottom. The upper filter layer 24 has larger filter particles and traps more impurities, requiring a correspondingly larger receiving space, which makes the dirt-holding capacity of each filter layer 24 more balanced, extending the overall filtration cycle and backwashing interval.

[0054] In some embodiments, a plurality of permanent magnets 32 are arranged at axial and circumferential intervals along the second mounting cylinder 31.

[0055] The filtration and descaling device of this embodiment forms multiple alternating magnetic fields in the second mounting cylinder 31 by arranging permanent magnets 32 at intervals along the axial and circumferential directions. When the water flows through the spiral, it can cut the magnetic lines of force multiple times, thereby enhancing the magnetization effect, making the crystal transformation of calcium and magnesium ions more complete, and improving the scale prevention and descaling effect.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filtration and descaling device, characterized in that, include: Shell (1); A filter assembly (2) is disposed inside the housing (1) for removing suspended impurities in the makeup water; Magnetized descaling component (3), the magnetized descaling component (3) is disposed in the housing (1), the magnetized descaling component (3) is located downstream of the filter component (2), and is used to magnetize the water after it has been treated by the filter component (2) in order to change the crystallization characteristics of calcium and magnesium ions in the water; The filter and descaling device has a filtration state and a backwashing state. In the filtration state, raw water flows sequentially through the filter assembly (2) and the magnetized descaling assembly (3). In the backwashing state, backwashing fluid flows in the opposite direction through the filter assembly (2) to clean the filter assembly (2).

2. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter component (2) includes: The first mounting cylinder (21) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (1); Multiple partition plates (22) are spaced apart in the first mounting cylinder (21) in the vertical direction to form multiple receiving cavities (23) in the first mounting cylinder (21), and the multiple receiving cavities (23) are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction; Multiple filter layers (24), each of the receiving cavities (23) is provided with a corresponding filter layer (24), and the size of the filter particles in the multiple filter layers (24) gradually decreases from top to bottom.

3. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetization descaling component (3) includes: The second mounting cylinder (31) is connected to the inner wall of the housing (1); Multiple permanent magnets (32) are disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder (31); A helical blade (33) is disposed on the inner wall of the second mounting cylinder (31), and the axis of the helical blade (33) is collinear with the axis of the second mounting cylinder (31).

4. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a backwashing assembly (4), which includes a water distribution component (41) and an air distribution component (42). The water distribution component (41) and the air distribution component (42) are both disposed on the lower side of the second mounting cylinder (31). The water distribution component (41) is used to introduce backwash water into the filter assembly (2), and the air distribution component (42) is used to introduce backwash air into the filter assembly (2).

5. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water distribution component (41) includes an annular water distribution pipe (411), and a plurality of water holes (412) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction on the water distribution pipe (411). The water distribution pipe (411) is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder (31). The air distribution component (42) includes an annular air distribution pipe (421), on which a plurality of air holes (422) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction. The air distribution pipe (421) is coaxially arranged with the second mounting cylinder (31), and the air distribution pipe (421) is located inside the water distribution pipe (411).

6. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The backwashing assembly (4) also includes a suction component (43), which is disposed on the upper side of the filter assembly (2). The suction component (43) includes a mounting bracket (431), a motor (432), and multiple suction tubes (433). The motor (432) is disposed on the mounting bracket (431). The multiple suction tubes (433) are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the output end of the motor (432). Multiple suction nozzles (434) are spaced apart along the horizontal direction on the lower side of each suction tube (433). The suction tubes (433) are used to connect to an external suction device.

7. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The separator (22) is mesh-like, and the mesh size of the separator (22) is smaller than the filter particle size of the adjacent filter layer (24).

8. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the multiple accommodating cavities (23) gradually increases from top to bottom.

9. The filtration and descaling device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The plurality of permanent magnets (32) are arranged at axial and circumferential intervals along the second mounting cylinder (31).

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