A production line and method for producing an organic ferment substrate

Abstract

The application discloses a production line and a production method of an organic fermentation substrate, wherein the production line comprises a main material distributing machine, an auxiliary material distributing machine, a main material conveying belt, a first conveying belt, a double-shaft mixer, a drum screen, a volume metering mechanism and a filling machine. The production line disclosed by the application can realize automatic proportioning of the main material and the auxiliary material, and can realize continuous production. The production efficiency of the substrate is improved, and the quality of the substrate produced by organic fermentation compost is ensured, so that the production demand of the substrate in the aspects of scale, standardization and intelligentization can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic fertilizer preparation technology, specifically to a production line and production method for an organic fermentation substrate. Background Technology

[0002] Organic fermentation compost is a commonly used material in the seedling and cultivation process. The quality of its substrate directly affects the growth, survival rate and yield of crops. High-quality organic fermentation compost substrate (i.e. organic fermentation substrate) needs to have suitable physicochemical properties, reasonable nutrient ratio and low salt content.

[0003] However, the substrates currently used for seedling cultivation and planting contain organic fermentation materials. During the composting process of organic fermentation materials, the materials cannot be automatically proportioned, and the production cannot be carried out continuously, resulting in low efficiency in the production of substrates made from organic fermentation materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a production line and method for organic fermentation substrates, which solves the current problems of low efficiency in the production of organic fermentation substrates for seedling cultivation and planting, as well as the inability to automatically proportion the substrates and the lack of continuous production.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses an organic fermentation substrate production line, comprising a main material feeder, an auxiliary material feeder, a main material conveyor belt, a first conveyor belt, a twin-shaft mixer, a drum screen, a volumetric metering mechanism, and a filling machine. The main material conveyor belt, the first conveyor belt, the twin-shaft mixer, the drum screen, the volume metering mechanism, and the filling machine are arranged sequentially from front to back according to the matrix production process. The main material spreading machine includes a peat spreading machine, a straw spreading machine, a cow dung spreading machine, a coconut coir spreading machine, and a perlite spreading machine. The auxiliary material spreading machine includes a solid auxiliary material spreading machine and a liquid auxiliary material sprayer. Each of the peat spreading machine, straw spreading machine, cow dung spreading machine, coconut coir spreading machine, perlite spreading machine, and solid auxiliary material spreading machine is equipped with a hopper, and the corresponding hopper is pre-stored with peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite. The hoppers corresponding to the peat spreading machine, straw spreading machine, cow dung spreading machine, coconut coir spreading machine, perlite spreading machine, and solid auxiliary material spreading machine are arranged sequentially from front to back along the main material conveyor belt. The liquid auxiliary material sprayer is located above the twin-shaft mixer. The peat spreader, the straw spreader, the cow dung spreader, the coconut coir spreader, and the perlite spreader are respectively used to spread peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite in layers on the main material conveyor belt from the corresponding hoppers. The solid auxiliary material spreading machine is used to spread solid auxiliary materials onto the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are sequentially layered on the main material conveyor belt. The twin-shaft mixer is used to mix peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite, as well as solid auxiliary materials, to form a solid mixture of main materials. The liquid additive sprayer is used to spray liquid additives onto the solid mixture of the main material to form an initial mixture; The drum screen is used to vibrate the initial mixture, remove large particles of impurities, and retain the powder of the organic fermentation substrate; The volume measuring mechanism is used to measure the volume of powdered organic fermentation substrate. The filling machine is used to fill the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after it has been measured to a fixed volume, so as to obtain the finished organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume.

[0006] Preferably, the discharge ports of the hoppers corresponding to the peat spreader, the straw spreader, the cow dung spreader, the coconut coir spreader, the perlite spreader, and the solid auxiliary material spreader are all equipped with a discharge rate control mechanism. Each discharge control mechanism is equipped with an adjustable scraper, a tachometer, a variable frequency motor, and a controller. The adjustable scraper is movably installed at the discharge port of the corresponding hopper; The speedometer is installed on the main material conveyor belt and is used to detect the running speed of the main material conveyor belt; The output shaft of the variable frequency motor is associated with the adjustable scraper and is used to control the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper. The tachometer and the variable frequency motor are respectively connected to the controller via wires; The controller controls the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper through the variable frequency motor, thereby controlling the cross-section of the material flow through the discharge port. The controller, based on the cross-section of the material passing through the discharge port and the running speed of the main material conveyor belt detected by the speedometer, jointly achieves precise control of the output volume of the material hopper discharge port.

[0007] Preferably, the discharge end of the main material conveyor belt is connected to the feed end of the twin-shaft mixer via a first conveyor belt; The drum screen is equipped with a material inlet and a powder outlet. The volume measuring mechanism includes a turntable and a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the center of the turntable, and the rotating shaft can drive the turntable to rotate. The turntable is provided with a waiting volume slot and a full-fill volume slot. The waiting volume slot and the full-fill volume slot have equal volumes and are located at opposite ends of the turntable. When the turntable rotates one revolution, the waiting volume slot and the full-fill volume slot can be switched by exchanging positions. The material inlet of the drum screen is connected to the discharge end of the twin-shaft mixer, and the powder outlet of the drum screen is opposite to the inlet of the volumetric metering mechanism's loading trough. The filling machine is located directly below the outlet of the full-filling volume trough of the volume measuring mechanism, and the volume of material that the filling machine can fill is exactly equal to the volume of the full-filling volume trough of the volume measuring mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, a straw desalting machine is installed above the straw spreading machine. The straw desalting machine is used to remove salt from tomato or corn straw and reduce the salt content of the tomato or corn straw. Above the cow dung spreading machine is a cow dung desalting machine, which is used to remove salt from the cow dung and reduce its salt content.

[0009] Preferably, the twin-shaft mixer includes two rotating shafts, each equipped with mixing blades, and when the twin-shaft mixer is started, the two rotating shafts can simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks.

[0010] Preferably, the solid auxiliary material distribution machine is a spiral distribution machine, including a first solid auxiliary material distribution machine and a second solid auxiliary material distribution machine, wherein the first solid auxiliary material distribution machine and the second solid auxiliary material distribution machine are respectively used to distribute calcium carbonate powder and nutrient masterbatch. The liquid auxiliary material spraying machine includes a trace element liquid spreading machine, which is used to spread trace element liquid. The liquid additive spraying machine also includes a liquid spreading machine for spreading the liquid wetting agent.

[0011] Preferably, the drum screen further includes a large particle impurity outlet, which is connected to a pulverizer. When the drum screen receives the initial mixture at the material inlet and vibrates the initial mixture, the initial mixture is vibrated into powder of organic fermentation substrate and large particle impurities. The large particle impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet of the drum screen and enter the pulverizer for crushing; the powder of organic fermentation substrate flows out from the powder outlet of the drum screen.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end of the volumetric measuring mechanism is provided with an inlet for the volumetric tank to be loaded, and the lower end is provided with an outlet for the volumetric tank to be loaded, and the outlet for the volumetric tank to be loaded is equipped with a first switching valve. The volume measuring mechanism has a full-fill volume tank with an inlet at the upper end and a discharge port at the bottom end, and the discharge port is equipped with a second switch valve. When the discharge port of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet of the drum screen, the first switch valve is closed until the loading tank is full, thus completing the fixed-volume metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder. Furthermore, the rotating shaft of the volume metering mechanism drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, and the unloaded volume tank and the full-loaded volume tank can be switched by exchanging positions. When the first switch valve is opened, the powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured at a fixed volume begins to be unloaded.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a second conveyor belt located below the filling machine for conveying packaging bags to the filling machine to provide the packaging bags required for the filling operation.

[0014] Preferably, the main material feeding machine further includes a vermiculite feeding machine, which is located close to the main material conveyor belt and between the coconut coir feeding machine and the perlite feeding machine.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also discloses a method for producing an organic fermentation substrate, based on the aforementioned organic fermentation substrate production line, the method comprising: Step S1: Detect the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main ingredients. If the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main ingredients is high, use a straw spreading machine and a cow dung desalting machine to reduce the salt content and lower the EC value of the main ingredients. This includes the following steps: Step S11: Use a rolling screen with an aperture of less than 2mm on both the straw spreading machine and the cow dung desalination machine to remove fine particles of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung. Step S12: Use clean water to rinse away the residue on the rotating screen, so that the EC value of the main material is reduced by more than 60%.

[0016] Step S2: The main material and solid auxiliary materials are spread out in layers, forming peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials, including the following steps: Peat spreading machine, straw spreading machine, cow dung spreading machine, coconut coir spreading machine, perlite spreading machine and solid auxiliary material spreading machine spread materials sequentially from front to back along the main material conveyor belt according to the volume fraction of the main material formula composition, using volume measurement, and spread peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite in layers on the main material conveyor belt respectively. The solid auxiliary material spreading machine applies solid auxiliary materials to the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are laid in layers on the main material conveyor belt. Step S3: The twin-shaft mixer mixes peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials to form a solid mixture of main materials. During the mixing process, the liquid auxiliary material sprayer sprays liquid auxiliary materials into the solid mixture of main materials to form an initial mixture. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks.

[0017] Step S4: The material inlet of the drum screen receives the initial mixture and vibrates it. The initial mixture is separated into powder of organic fermentation substrate and large particles of impurities by vibration. The large particles of impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet of the drum screen and enter the pulverizer to be crushed; the powder of organic fermentation substrate flows out from the powder outlet of the drum screen. Step S5: The volumetric metering mechanism performs volumetric metering on the organic fermentation substrate powder. Simultaneously, the filling machine fills the volumetrically metered organic fermentation substrate powder to obtain a finished organic fermentation substrate product with a fixed volume. This includes the following steps: Step S51: When the outlet of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet of the drum screen, the first switch valve is closed until the loading tank is full, completing the volumetric metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder; and the rotating shaft of the volumetric metering mechanism drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, so that the loading tank and the full-filling tank can be switched by exchanging positions. Step S52: Repeat step S51, and at the same time open the first switch valve. The powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured at a fixed volume begins to be unloaded. The filling machine fills the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after the measured volume to obtain the finished product of the organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume. Step S6: Repeat steps S51 and S52 until the volumetric quantification and filling of all initial mixtures are completed.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention discloses an organic fermentation substrate production line, comprising a main material feeder, an auxiliary material feeder, a main material conveyor belt, a first conveyor belt, a twin-shaft mixer, a drum screen, a volumetric metering mechanism, and a filling machine. The main material conveyor belt, the first conveyor belt, the twin-shaft mixer, the drum screen, the volumetric metering mechanism, and the filling machine are arranged sequentially from front to back according to the substrate production process. The main material feeder includes a peat feeder, a straw feeder, a cow dung feeder, a coconut coir feeder, and a perlite feeder. The auxiliary material feeders include a solid auxiliary material feeder and a liquid auxiliary material sprayer. The peat feeder, straw feeder, cow dung feeder, coconut coir feeder, perlite feeder, and solid auxiliary material feeder are arranged sequentially along the main material conveyor belt from front to back. The liquid auxiliary material sprayer is positioned above the twin-shaft mixer. The peat feeder, straw feeder, cow dung feeder, coconut coir feeder, and perlite feeder... The system comprises the following components: a peat moss, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite, which are layered and spread sequentially on the main material conveyor belt; a solid auxiliary material spreader, which applies solid auxiliary materials to the surface of the layered peat moss, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite on the main material conveyor belt; a twin-shaft mixer, which mixes the peat moss, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite, and solid auxiliary materials to form a solid mixture of the main material; a liquid auxiliary material sprayer, which sprays liquid auxiliary materials onto the solid mixture of the main material to form an initial mixture; a drum screen, which vibrates the initial mixture to remove large particles of impurities and retain the powder of the organic fermentation substrate; a volumetric metering mechanism, which measures the volume of the organic fermentation substrate powder; and a filling machine, which fills the measured organic fermentation substrate powder to obtain a finished organic fermentation substrate product with a fixed volume. The production line disclosed in this invention can be used to produce organic fermentation substrate, which can realize the automatic proportioning of main and auxiliary materials and the continuous production. This not only improves the efficiency of substrate production, but also ensures the quality of substrate made from organic fermentation compost, and can meet the needs of large-scale, standardized and intelligent substrate production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an organic fermentation substrate production line whose main material does not contain vermiculite, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an organic fermentation substrate production line containing vermiculite as the main ingredient, provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 11-Main material conveyor belt, 12-First conveyor belt, 13-Second conveyor belt; 21-Peat spreading machine, 22-Straw spreading machine, 220-Straw desalination machine, 23-Cow dung spreading machine, 230-Cow dung desalination machine, 24-Coconut coir spreading machine, 25-Perlite spreading machine, 26-Vermiculite spreading machine; 31-Solid auxiliary material spreading machine; 32-Liquid auxiliary material spraying machine; 4- Twin-shaft mixer, 5-Drum screen, 50-Pulverizer, 51-Powder outlet, 52-Large particle impurity outlet; 6-Volume metering mechanism, 61-Inlet of the volumetric tank to be filled, 62-Outlet of the volumetric tank to be filled, 63-First switching valve, 64-Inlet of the full volumetric tank, 65-Outlet of the full volumetric tank, 66-Second switching valve. 7-Filling machine. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0022] Example 1: An organic fermentation substrate Example 1 of this invention discloses an organic fermentation substrate, the composition of which is described in detail below.

[0023] This organic fermentation-based substrate is a substrate prepared from organic fermentation compost, comprising main materials and auxiliary materials. The volume fraction of the main ingredient in the formula is as follows: Peat, 40-60%; Organic fermented products, 5-25%; Cow dung, 5-10%; Coconut coir, 10-30%; Vermiculite, 0-5%; and Perlite, 5-15%; The excipients include solid excipients and liquid excipients. The solid excipients are a nutrient masterbatch and calcium carbonate powder, and the liquid excipients include trace elements and / or wetting agents. The calcium carbonate powder content is 0.5~1.5 kg / m³. 3 The content of the nutrient masterbatch is 1~1.5kg / m³. 3 The content of trace elements is 20-25 ml / m 3 Specifically, the trace elements are Fe, B, Zn, Cu, Mo, and Mn.

[0024] The substrate prepared based on organic fermentation products needs to undergo desalination treatment, with a desalination rate >75%. The EC value (electrical conductivity) of the substrate prepared based on organic fermentation is in the range of 0~1.2 mS / cm.

[0025] When the volume fraction of vermiculite is 0%, the main material does not include vermiculite. When the volume fraction of vermiculite is greater than 0% and less than or equal to 5%, the main material may also include vermiculite.

[0026] In some embodiments, the organic fermentation product is tomato stalks, corn stalks, sawdust, and grass clippings.

[0027] The parameters for organic fermentation products are further defined below.

[0028] The liquid excipient also includes a wetting agent, the content of which is 0~30 ml / m 3 .

[0029] The organic fermentation products are tomato stalks, corn stalks, sawdust, and straw.

[0030] The bulk density of the substrate prepared based on organic fermentation is 300~600 kg / m³. 3 The gas porosity is >20%.

[0031] The pH value of the substrate prepared based on organic fermentation is 5.0~7.5.

[0032] The matrix prepared based on organic fermentation contains fibrous tissue, and the damage rate of the fibrous tissue is <20%.

[0033] Example 2: A production line for an organic fermentation substrate whose main ingredient does not contain vermiculite. Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a production line for an organic fermentation substrate whose main material does not contain vermiculite, for producing the organic fermentation substrate of Embodiment 1. Its structure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] refer to Figure 1 The production line for this organic fermentation substrate includes a main material feeder, an auxiliary material feeder, a main material conveyor belt 11, a first conveyor belt 12, a twin-shaft mixer 4, a drum screen 5, a volumetric metering mechanism 6, and a filling machine 7. The main material conveyor belt 11, the first conveyor belt 12, the twin-shaft mixer 4, the drum screen 5, the volume metering mechanism 6, and the filling machine 7 are arranged sequentially from front to back according to the matrix production process. The main material spreading machines include a peat spreading machine 21, a straw spreading machine 22, a cow dung spreading machine 23, a coconut coir spreading machine 24, and a perlite spreading machine 25. The auxiliary material distribution machine includes a solid auxiliary material distribution machine 31 and a liquid auxiliary material sprayer 32. The peat distribution machine 21, the straw distribution machine 22, the cow dung distribution machine 23, the coconut coir distribution machine 24, the perlite distribution machine 25, and the solid auxiliary material distribution machine 31 are each equipped with a hopper, and the corresponding hopper is pre-stored with peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite. The hoppers corresponding to the peat distribution machine 21, the straw distribution machine 22, the cow dung distribution machine 23, the coconut coir distribution machine 24, the perlite distribution machine 25, and the solid auxiliary material distribution machine 31 are arranged sequentially from front to back along the main material conveyor belt 11. The liquid auxiliary material sprayer 32 is located above the twin-shaft mixer 4. The peat spreader 21, the straw spreader 22, the cow dung spreader 23, the coconut coir spreader 24, and the perlite spreader 25 are respectively used to spread peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite in layers on the main material conveyor belt 11 from the corresponding hoppers. The solid auxiliary material spreading machine 31 is used to spread solid auxiliary materials onto the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are sequentially layered on the main material conveyor belt 11. The twin-shaft mixer 4 is used to mix peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite, as well as solid auxiliary materials, to form a solid mixture of main materials. The liquid auxiliary material sprayer 32 is used to spray liquid auxiliary materials onto the solid mixture of the main material to form an initial mixture; The drum screen 5 is used to vibrate the initial mixture, remove large particles of impurities, and retain the powder of the organic fermentation substrate. The volume measuring mechanism 6 is used to measure the volume of the powder in the organic fermentation substrate. The filling machine 7 is used to fill the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after it has been measured to a fixed volume, so as to obtain the finished organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume.

[0035] To accommodate loose fibrous materials such as straw and coconut coir, and to prevent bridging caused by these materials, the peat spreader 21, the straw spreader 22, the cow dung spreader 23, the coconut coir spreader 24, the perlite spreader 25, and the solid auxiliary material spreader 31 all have large-capacity fiber material silos. Unlike existing silos with an open top and four outward-sloping side panels, one of the four side panels of this large-capacity fiber material silo is a vertical plate located on the long side of the silo's bottom plate. The other long side of the bottom plate has an outward-sloping side plate. Figure 2 As shown.

[0036] To achieve precise control of the output volume at the silo outlet, the outlets of the silos corresponding to the peat spreader 21, the straw spreader 22, the cow dung spreader 23, the coconut coir spreader 24, the perlite spreader 25, and the solid auxiliary material spreader 31 are all equipped with a discharge volume control mechanism. Each discharge control mechanism is equipped with an adjustable scraper, a tachometer, a variable frequency motor, and a controller. The adjustable scraper is movably installed at the discharge port of the corresponding hopper; The speedometer is installed on the main material conveyor belt 11 and is used to detect the running speed of the main material conveyor belt 11. The output shaft of the variable frequency motor is associated with the adjustable scraper and is used to control the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper. The tachometer and the variable frequency motor are respectively connected to the controller via wires; The controller controls the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper through the variable frequency motor, thereby controlling the cross-section of the material flow through the discharge port. The controller achieves precise control of the output volume of the material hopper outlet based on the cross-section of the material passing through the outlet and the running speed of the main material conveyor belt 11 detected by the speedometer.

[0037] To remove salt from the main material, a straw desalting machine 220 is installed above the straw spreading machine 22. The straw desalting machine 220 is used to remove salt from tomato or corn stalks and reduce the salt content of the tomato or corn stalks. A cow dung desalting machine 230 is installed above the cow dung spreading machine 23. The cow dung desalting machine 230 is used to remove salt from cow dung and reduce the salt content of the cow dung.

[0038] The straw desalination machine 220 is equipped with a rotating screen and a water rinsing system. The sieve has a diameter of less than 2 mm and is used to remove fine particles of organic fermentation products and cow dung. The residue on the rotating screen is dissolved by rinsing with clean water, which is used to reduce the EC value of the main material.

[0039] Specifically, the twin-shaft mixer 4 includes two rotating shafts, each equipped with mixing blades. When the twin-shaft mixer 4 is started, the two rotating shafts can simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer for mixing, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks.

[0040] Specifically, the solid auxiliary material distribution machine 31 is a spiral distribution machine, including a first solid auxiliary material distribution machine and a second solid auxiliary material distribution machine, wherein the first solid auxiliary material distribution machine and the second solid auxiliary material distribution machine are respectively used to distribute lime and nutrient masterbatch.

[0041] Specifically, the liquid auxiliary material spraying machine 32 includes a trace element liquid spreading machine for spreading trace element liquid.

[0042] Furthermore, the liquid additive sprayer 32 also includes a liquid spreader for the wetting agent, used to spread the liquid wetting agent.

[0043] Specifically, the drum screen 5 also includes a large particle impurity outlet 52, which is connected to a crusher 50. When the material inlet of the drum screen 5 receives the initial mixture and vibrates the initial mixture, the initial mixture is vibrated into powder of organic fermentation substrate and large particle impurities. The large particle impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet 52 of the drum screen 5 and enter the crusher 50 to be crushed; the powder of organic fermentation substrate flows out from the powder outlet 51 of the drum screen 5.

[0044] Continue to refer to Figure 1 The volume measuring mechanism 6 has an inlet 61 at the upper end of the volume tank to be loaded and an outlet 62 at the bottom end, and the outlet 62 of the volume tank to be loaded is equipped with a first switching valve 63. The volume measuring mechanism 6 has a full-fill volume tank with an inlet 64 at the upper end and an outlet 65 at the bottom end, and the outlet 65 is equipped with a second switching valve 66. When the discharge port 62 of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet 51 of the drum screen 5, the first switch valve 63 is in the closed state until the loading tank is full, thus completing the fixed-volume metering of the powder of the organic fermentation substrate. Furthermore, the rotating shaft of the volume measuring mechanism 6 drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, and the unloaded volume tank and the full-loaded volume tank can be switched by exchanging positions. The first switch valve 63 is opened, and the powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured at a fixed volume begins to be unloaded.

[0045] To improve filling efficiency, the organic fermentation substrate production line also includes a second conveyor belt 13. The second conveyor belt 13 is located below the filling machine 7 and is used to transport the packaging bags 8 to the filling machine 7 to provide the packaging bags 8 required for the filling operation.

[0046] Example 3: An organic fermentation substrate production line with vermiculite as the main ingredient In order to add vermiculite to the main ingredient, Example 3 improved upon Example 2, and the improvement is as follows: refer to Figure 2 The main material feeding machine also includes a vermiculite feeding machine 26, which is located close to the main material conveyor belt 1 and between the coconut coir feeding machine 24 and the perlite feeding machine 25.

[0047] Example 4: A method for producing an organic fermentation substrate Example 4 of this invention provides a method for producing an organic fermentation substrate, based on the organic fermentation substrate production line of Example 2, to prepare the organic fermentation compost of Example 1. The method includes the following steps: Step S1: Detect the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main ingredients. If the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main ingredients is high, use straw spreader 22 and cow dung desalting machine 230 respectively to reduce the EC value of the main ingredients, including the following steps: Step S11: Use the rolling screens with an aperture of less than 2mm of the straw spreader 22 and the cow dung desalination machine 230 to remove fine particles of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung. Step S12: Use clean water to rinse away the residue on the rotating screen, so that the EC value of the main material is reduced by more than 60%.

[0048] Step S2: The main material and solid auxiliary materials are spread out in layers, forming peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials, including the following steps: Peat spreader 21, straw spreader 22, cow dung spreader 23, coconut coir spreader 24, perlite spreader 25 and solid auxiliary material spreader 31, according to the formula composition of the main material by volume fraction, use volume measurement to spread the peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite in layers on the main material conveyor belt 1 from front to back. The solid auxiliary material spreading machine 31 spreads solid auxiliary materials on the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are sequentially layered on the main material conveyor belt 1. Step S3: The twin-shaft mixer 4 mixes peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials to form a solid mixture of main materials. During the mixing process, the liquid auxiliary material sprayer 32 sprays liquid auxiliary materials into the solid mixture of main materials to form an initial mixture. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks.

[0049] Step S4: The material inlet of the drum screen 5 receives the initial mixture and vibrates it. The initial mixture is vibrated and separated into powder of organic fermentation substrate and large particles of impurities. The large particles of impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet 52 of the drum screen 5 and enter the pulverizer 50 to be pulverized; the powder of organic fermentation substrate flows out from the powder outlet 51 of the drum screen 5. Step S5: The volumetric metering mechanism 6 performs volumetric metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder. Simultaneously, the filling machine 7 fills the volumetrically metered organic fermentation substrate powder to obtain a finished organic fermentation substrate product with a fixed volume. This includes the following steps: Step S51: When the discharge port 62 of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet 51 of the drum screen 5, the first switch valve 63 is closed until the loading tank is full, completing the fixed-volume metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder; and the rotating shaft of the volume metering mechanism 6 drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, so that the loading tank and the full-filling tank can be switched by exchanging positions. Step S52: Repeat step S51, and at the same time open the first switch valve 63. The powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured to a fixed volume begins to be unloaded. The filling machine 7 fills the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after the fixed volume measurement to obtain the finished product of the organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume. Step S6: Repeat steps S51 and S52 until the volumetric quantification and filling of all initial mixtures are completed.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production line for an organic fermentation substrate, characterized in that, It includes a main material feeder, an auxiliary material feeder, a main material conveyor belt (11), a first conveyor belt (12), a twin-shaft mixer (4), a drum screen (5), a volume metering mechanism (6), and a filling machine (7). The main material conveyor belt (11), the first conveyor belt (12), the twin-shaft mixer (4), the drum screen (5), the volume metering mechanism (6), and the filling machine (7) are arranged sequentially from front to back according to the matrix production process; The main material spreading machines include a peat spreading machine (21), a straw spreading machine (22), a cow dung spreading machine (23), a coconut coir spreading machine (24), and a perlite spreading machine (25). The auxiliary material spreading machines include a solid auxiliary material spreading machine (31) and a liquid auxiliary material spraying machine (32). The peat spreading machine (21), the straw spreading machine (22), the cow dung spreading machine (23), the coconut coir spreading machine (24), the perlite spreading machine (25), and the solid auxiliary material spreading machine (31) are divided into... Each material hopper is equipped with a corresponding material hopper pre-stored with peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, and perlite; the material hoppers corresponding to the peat spreader (21), the straw spreader (22), the cow dung spreader (23), the coconut coir spreader (24), the perlite spreader (25), and the solid auxiliary material spreader (31) are arranged sequentially from front to back along the main material conveyor belt (11); the liquid auxiliary material sprayer (32) is located above the twin-shaft mixer (4); Among them, the peat spreader (21), the straw spreader (22), the cow dung spreader (23), the coconut coir spreader (24) and the perlite spreader (25) are respectively used to spread peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite in layers on the main material conveyor belt (11) from the corresponding hoppers; The solid auxiliary material spreading machine (31) is used to spread solid auxiliary materials on the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are laid out in layers on the main material conveyor belt (11). The twin-shaft mixer (4) is used to mix peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite and solid auxiliary materials to form a solid mixture of main materials; The liquid additive sprayer (32) is used to spray liquid additives onto the solid mixture of the main material to form an initial mixture; The drum screen (5) is used to vibrate the initial mixture, remove large particles of impurities, and retain the powder of the organic fermentation substrate; The volume measuring mechanism (6) is used to measure the volume of the powder of the organic fermentation substrate. The filling machine (7) is used to fill the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after it has been measured to a fixed volume, so as to obtain the finished product of the organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume.

2. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge outlets of the hoppers corresponding to the peat spreader (21), the straw spreader (22), the cow dung spreader (23), the coconut coir spreader (24), the perlite spreader (25), and the solid auxiliary material spreader (31) are all equipped with a discharge volume control mechanism. Each discharge control mechanism is equipped with an adjustable scraper, a tachometer, a variable frequency motor, and a controller. The adjustable scraper is movably installed at the discharge port of the corresponding hopper; The speedometer is installed on the main material conveyor belt (11) and is used to detect the running speed of the main material conveyor belt (11); The output shaft of the variable frequency motor is associated with the adjustable scraper and is used to control the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper. The tachometer and the variable frequency motor are respectively connected to the controller via wires; The controller controls the opening of the adjustable scraper at the discharge port of the hopper through the variable frequency motor, thereby controlling the cross-section of the material flow through the discharge port. The controller achieves precise control of the output volume of the material hopper outlet based on the cross-section of the material passing through the outlet and the running speed of the main material conveyor belt (11) detected by the speedometer.

3. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discharge end of the main material conveyor belt (11) is connected to the feed end of the twin-shaft mixer (4) via the first conveyor belt (12); The drum screen (5) is equipped with a material inlet and a powder outlet (51). The volume measuring mechanism (6) includes a turntable and a rotating shaft. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixed to the center of the turntable, and the rotating shaft can drive the turntable to rotate. The turntable is provided with a waiting volume slot and a full-fill volume slot. The waiting volume slot and the full-fill volume slot have equal volumes and are located at opposite ends of the turntable. When the turntable rotates one revolution, the waiting volume slot and the full-fill volume slot can be switched by exchanging positions. The material inlet of the drum screen (5) is connected to the discharge end of the twin-shaft mixer (4), and the powder outlet (51) of the drum screen (5) is opposite to the inlet of the volumetric trough of the volumetric metering mechanism (6). The filling machine (7) is located directly below the outlet of the full-filling volume tank of the volume metering mechanism (6), and the volume of material that the filling machine (7) can fill is exactly equal to the volume of the full-filling volume tank of the volume metering mechanism (6).

4. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, A straw desalting machine (220) is configured above the straw spreading machine (22). The straw desalting machine (220) is used to remove salt from tomato or corn straw and reduce the salt content of tomato or corn straw. Above the cow dung spreading machine (23) is a cow dung desalting machine (230), which is used to remove salt from cow dung and reduce the salt content of cow dung.

5. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dual-shaft mixer (4) includes two rotating shafts, each equipped with mixing blades. When the dual-shaft mixer (4) is started, the two rotating shafts can simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks.

6. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solid auxiliary material feeding machine (31) is a spiral feeding machine, including a first solid auxiliary material feeding machine and a second solid auxiliary material feeding machine, wherein the first solid auxiliary material feeding machine and the second solid auxiliary material feeding machine are respectively used to feed calcium carbonate powder and nutrient masterbatch. The liquid auxiliary material spraying machine (32) includes a trace element liquid spreading machine for spreading trace element liquid; The liquid additive sprayer (32) also includes a liquid spreader for spreading the liquid spreader for the impregnating agent.

7. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drum screen (5) also includes a large particle debris outlet (52), which is connected to a crusher (50). When the initial mixture is received at the material inlet of the drum screen (5) and the initial mixture is vibrated, the initial mixture is vibrated into powder of organic fermentation matrix and large particles of impurities. The large particles of impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet (52) of the drum screen (5) and enter the crusher (50) to be crushed; the powder of organic fermentation matrix flows out from the powder outlet (51) of the drum screen (5).

8. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 7, characterized in that, The volume measuring mechanism (6) has an inlet (61) at the upper end of the volume tank to be loaded and an outlet (62) at the bottom end, and the outlet (62) of the volume tank to be loaded is equipped with a first switching valve (63). The volume metering mechanism (6) has a full-fill volume tank with an inlet (64) at the upper end and a discharge port (65) at the bottom end, and the discharge port (65) of the full-fill volume tank is equipped with a second switch valve (66). When the discharge port (62) of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet (51) of the drum screen (5), the first switch valve (63) is closed until the loading tank is full, thus completing the fixed-volume metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder. Furthermore, the rotating shaft of the volume metering mechanism (6) drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, and the unloaded volume tank and the full-loaded volume tank can be switched by exchanging positions. The first switch valve (63) is opened, and the powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured at a fixed volume begins to be unloaded.

9. The production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a second conveyor belt (13). The second conveyor belt (13) is located below the filling machine (7) and is used to transport packaging bags to the filling machine (7) to provide packaging bags required for the filling operation.

10. A method for producing an organic fermentation substrate, based on a production line for the organic fermentation substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The production method includes: Step S1: Detect the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main material. If the salt content of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung in the main material is high, use a straw spreader (22) and a cow dung desalting machine (230) to reduce the salt content and lower the EC value of the main material. This includes the following steps: Step S11: Use a rolling screen with an aperture of less than 2mm on a straw spreader (22) and a cow dung desalination machine (230) to remove fine particles of tomato straw or corn straw and cow dung; Step S12: Use clean water to rinse away the residue on the rotating screen, so that the EC value of the main material is reduced by more than 60%; Step S2: The main material and solid auxiliary materials are spread out in layers, forming peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials, including the following steps: The peat spreader (21), straw spreader (22), cow dung spreader (23), coconut coir spreader (24), perlite spreader (25) and solid auxiliary material spreader (31) spread materials sequentially from front to back along the main material conveyor belt (11) according to the formula composition of the main material volume fraction. The peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite are spread in layers on the main material conveyor belt (11) in sequence. The solid auxiliary material spreading machine (31) spreads solid auxiliary materials on the surface of peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir and perlite that are laid out in layers on the main material conveyor belt (11). Step S3: The dual-shaft mixer (4) mixes peat, tomato or corn stalks, cow dung, coconut coir, perlite and solid auxiliary materials to form a solid mixture of the main materials. During the mixing process, the liquid auxiliary sprayer (32) sprays liquid auxiliary materials onto the solid mixture of the main materials to form an initial mixture. When the solid mixture of the main material is injected into the mixer, both rotating shafts of the twin-shaft mixer simultaneously rotate outwards in opposite directions to reduce the crushing of tomato stalks or corn stalks in the main material during the mixing process and to maximize the preservation of the fiber content of the tomato stalks or corn stalks. Step S4: The material inlet of the drum screen (5) receives the initial mixture and vibrates it. The initial mixture is vibrated and separated into powder of organic fermentation substrate and large particles of impurities. The large particles of impurities flow out from the large particle impurity outlet (52) of the drum screen (5) and enter the pulverizer (50) to be pulverized. The powder of organic fermentation substrate flows out from the powder outlet (51) of the drum screen (5). Step S5: The volumetric metering mechanism (6) performs volumetric metering on the organic fermentation substrate powder, and simultaneously, the filling machine (7) fills the volumetric metered organic fermentation substrate powder to obtain a finished organic fermentation substrate product with a fixed volume, including the following steps: Step S51: When the outlet (62) of the loading tank is opposite to the powder outlet (51) of the drum screen (5), the first switch valve (63) is closed until the loading tank is full, thus completing the fixed-volume metering of the organic fermentation substrate powder; and the rotating shaft of the volume metering mechanism (6) drives the turntable to rotate one revolution, so that the loading tank and the full-loaded tank can be switched by exchanging positions; Step S52: Repeat step S51, and at the same time open the first switch valve (63), the powder of the organic fermentation substrate measured at a fixed volume begins to be unloaded, and the filling machine (7) fills the powder of the organic fermentation substrate after the fixed volume measurement to obtain the finished product of the organic fermentation substrate with a fixed volume. Step S6: Repeat steps S51 and S52 until the volumetric quantification and filling of all initial mixtures are completed.

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