Organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device and method

Abstract

The application discloses an organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device and method, which comprises a storage box, a crushing assembly arranged at the inner wall of the storage box, an aeration assembly arranged at the two sides of the outer wall of the storage box, and an oxygen increasing assembly arranged at the two sides of the outer wall of the storage box. The crushing assembly is used for crushing the agglomerated organic fertilizer. The aeration assembly is used for expanding the surface area of the organic fertilizer, improving the aeration efficiency, and increasing oxygen. The oxygen increasing assembly is used for supplementing oxygen to the organic fertilizer and simultaneously completing heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer. The unique crushing, atomization oxygen increasing and ladder aeration synergistic mechanism can effectively prevent odor and dust diffusion, significantly improve the working environment, greatly expand the material surface area, realize instant and efficient contact between oxygen and the fresh surface of the material, accelerate the aerobic fermentation process, and the integrated dynamic airflow cooling system can accurately control the temperature and avoid overheating of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer production equipment, specifically an organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Aerobic fermentation of organic fertilizer is a key process for the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the production of high-quality fertilizer. In this process, sufficient oxygen supply, appropriate temperature control, and uniform material mixing are crucial elements for ensuring fermentation efficiency and product quality. However, existing conventional fermentation aeration technologies still have many significant shortcomings in practical applications, hindering their further promotion and upgrading.

[0003] Currently, common static composting or trough fermentation methods rely heavily on natural ventilation or simple pipe aeration, resulting in low and uneven aeration efficiency. This easily leads to anoxic zones within the material, causing anaerobic fermentation and the production of foul-smelling gases. While some mechanized equipment uses turning or stirring to improve aeration, dead zones often exist, and simple mechanical actions have limited effectiveness in breaking up clumps, failing to effectively increase the oxygen contact area. Simultaneously, the large amount of bioheat generated during fermentation is difficult to dissipate quickly, easily causing excessively high temperatures at the center of the pile, inhibiting or even killing beneficial microorganisms and affecting the fermentation process. Furthermore, the open or semi-open design of most existing devices allows for the uncontrolled emission of odorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, severely polluting the working environment. These shortcomings of existing technologies—including uneven aeration, difficulty in heat dissipation, high energy consumption, poor odor control, and low automation—combined to cause problems such as long fermentation cycles, unstable product quality, high labor intensity, and environmental unfriendliness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new aeration technology and device that integrates efficient crushing, uniform oxygenation, precise temperature control, and a closed environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device, comprising:

[0005] Storage box;

[0006] A crushing component is located on the inner wall of the storage tank, wherein the crushing component is used to crush clumped organic fertilizer;

[0007] An aeration assembly is located on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank, wherein the aeration assembly is used to expand the surface area of ​​the organic fertilizer and improve the aeration efficiency.

[0008] An oxygenation component is located on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank, wherein: the oxygenation component is used to supplement the organic fertilizer with oxygen, and at the same time complete the heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer;

[0009] The outer wall of the storage box is fitted with a sealing shell, which is used to seal the storage box and prevent odors from affecting the working environment.

[0010] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a conveying shell, a screw rod, a crushing shell, a conveying shaft, and crushing blades. The conveying shell is embedded in the inner wall of the storage box, the screw rod is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the conveying shell, the two crushing shells are embedded in the inner walls of the sealing shell through brackets, the two conveying shafts are respectively rotatably embedded in the inner walls of the crushing shells, and the two crushing blades are sleeved on the outer walls of the conveying shafts.

[0011] Furthermore, the aeration component consists of a stepped shell, a negative pressure shell, and a negative pressure pipe. The two stepped shells are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank, and the two negative pressure shells are respectively fitted onto the outer wall of the stepped shell. The negative pressure shell and the negative pressure pipe are connected.

[0012] Furthermore, the oxygenation assembly includes a diversion pipe, nozzles, blades, and a valve control pipe. The diversion pipe is connected to the output end of the conveying shaft, the four nozzles are respectively connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe, the four blades are equidistantly disposed at the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe, and the valve control pipe is connected to the pulverizing shell.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixing frame is fixedly installed on the bottom outer wall of the conveying shell, and the fixing frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the storage box. A filter shell is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying shell, a protective shell is sleeved on the top of the conveying shell, and a pressure boosting servo is embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell. The output end of the pressure boosting servo is fixedly installed at the center of the top outer wall of the screw rod.

[0014] Furthermore, a diversion shell is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the protective shell, and the output end of the diversion shell is connected to the output end of the conveying shell through a flexible tube. The two output ends of the diversion shell are respectively connected to the inner wall of the crushing shell.

[0015] Furthermore, both sides of the top of the outer wall of the sealing shell are fixedly equipped with crushing servos by brackets, and the output end of the crushing servos is fixedly equipped with driving gears. The top ends of the two conveying shafts are fitted with driven gears, and the driving gears and driven gears are meshed and connected for transmission.

[0016] Furthermore, sealing caps are fixedly provided on both sides of the top of the inner wall of the sealing shell, and the sealing caps are slidably embedded in the top of the inner wall of the crushing shell.

[0017] Furthermore, the negative pressure pipe is connected to an external waste gas collection device, the output end of the valve control pipe is matched with the stepped shell, the inner wall opening of the stepped shell is connected to a return pump group through a hose, and the output end of the return pump group is connected to the storage tank through a hose. The input end of the conveying shaft is connected to an external oxygen supply device through a plug and a hose.

[0018] An organic fertilizer fermentation aeration method, applied in any one of the organic fertilizer fermentation aeration devices described above, includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. Sealed loading and initial containment: The organic fertilizer raw materials to be fermented are put into the storage box. Then, the sealing shell that is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the storage box is closed, completely sealing the entire processing space. The core purpose of this step is to effectively isolate the odor and dust that may be generated during fermentation in all subsequent processing processes, ensuring the cleanliness of the working environment and the health of personnel, while creating a controllable airflow environment inside.

[0020] S2. Preliminary conveying and bottom crushing: The booster servo located at the top of the conveying shell is activated, driving the screw rod to rotate at high speed in the conveying shell, which is vertically embedded in the inner wall of the storage tank. The screw rod acts like a powerful vertical conveyor, forcibly lifting and conveying the organic fertilizer clumps deposited at the bottom of the storage tank upwards, completing the preliminary breaking of the clumps and homogenization. When it is not necessary to crush the clumps, the filter shell is pulled down. The filter shell that is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the conveying shell allows fine particles to pass through.

[0021] S3. Fine crushing and dispersion of the crushing component: The organic fertilizer lifted to the top by the screw rod enters the diversion shell through the hose connected to the output end of the conveying shell, and is evenly distributed to the feed inlets of the two crushing shells. At the same time, the two crushing servos fixed on the sealing shell are activated, and the driven gear is driven by the active gear, thereby driving the two conveying shafts to rotate in opposite directions at high speed inside the crushing shell. The crushing fan blades fitted on the conveying shafts form strong shearing and impact forces, further breaking down and crushing the organic fertilizer clumps from the diversion shell into fine and uniform particles.

[0022] S4. High-efficiency aeration and exhaust gas management of aeration components: Under the action of gravity, the crushed organic fertilizer particles are discharged from the bottom of the crushing shell and fall back into the storage tank, forming a loose material layer. At this time, the aeration components set on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank start to work. The specific process is as follows: the stepped shell is connected to the side wall of the storage tank. Its special stepped structure can guide the material to fall in an orderly manner and fully expand. The negative pressure shell set outside the stepped shell starts to generate negative pressure. Through the negative pressure pipe connected to it, the fermentation exhaust gas released by the organic fertilizer during the fall and expansion process is actively and efficiently sucked out and transported to the external exhaust gas collection device for treatment.

[0023] S5. Precise Oxygen Supply and Dynamic Cooling of the Oxygenation Component: This is the core oxygenation and temperature control step of the method. The external oxygen supply device pumps oxygen-enriched air into the input end of the high-speed rotating conveyor shaft through a hose and plug. The oxygen then flows into a distribution pipe connected to the output end of the conveyor shaft. Multiple nozzles on the distribution pipe spray high-pressure oxygen in jet form directly into the cloud of organic fertilizer particles being broken up by the pulverizing fan blades. This "atomized oxygenation" at the moment of pulverization allows the oxygen to fully and instantly contact the particles with the largest fresh surface area, resulting in extremely high dissolution and diffusion efficiency. At the same time, the bottom of the outer wall of the distribution pipe... The blades, which are equidistantly spaced, rotate at high speed with the diversion tube. On the one hand, they assist in cutting the material, and on the other hand, they strongly agitate the air inside the crushing shell to form forced convection. The valve control pipe connected to the crushing shell is intelligently opened according to the signal from the internal temperature sensor. This mixed airflow, which is rich in oxygen and has a lower temperature due to gas expansion, is directed into the stepped shell area. This cold airflow comes into direct contact with the falling material. Using the principles of convection and evaporation, it quickly removes the heat generated during crushing and fermentation, achieving simultaneous heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer and controlling the temperature within the range most suitable for microbial activity.

[0024] S6. Internal circulation and uniform fermentation: After being cooled and further aerated in the stepped shell area, part of the material returns to the main cavity of the storage tank under gravity to continue fermentation. At the same time, the reflux pump group connected by a hose through the opening in the inner wall of the stepped shell can be started to pump a part of the processed material back to the upper part of the storage tank or another area, realizing the internal circulation of the material. This circulation breaks the temperature and composition differences of the static fermentation layers, ensuring the uniformity of fermentation conditions in the entire tank and avoiding the formation of local overheating or anaerobic zones.

[0025] S7. Continuous Cycle and Completion: The above steps constitute a complete processing cycle. According to the preset fermentation process curve, the crushing, aeration, oxygenation, cooling, and reflux operations can be automatically performed in a cycle until the fermentation process fully reaches the preset maturity standard. Throughout the process, the sealed shell remains sealed, and gas exchange is only carried out through controlled negative pressure pipes and valve control pipes, and odors are effectively controlled.

[0026] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) This invention constructs a fully enclosed and controllable fermentation environment by combining a sliding sealing shell with a negative pressure exhaust gas extraction system. This fundamentally eliminates the unorganized escape of malodorous gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and dust during the fermentation process, greatly improves the working environment of the production site and surrounding areas, meets the strict requirements of modern clean production and environmental protection, and also reduces pollution to the atmospheric environment.

[0028] (2) This invention innovatively integrates and synergizes the three processes of vertical lifting, high-speed crushing, and instantaneous atomization oxygenation. The screw rod forcibly lifts the easily caking material at the bottom, and the crushing blades completely break up the clumps in the sealed shell, greatly increasing the specific surface area of ​​the material. More importantly, oxygen is directly sprayed into the cloud of flying fine particles from the nozzle in the form of a jet through the high-speed rotating conveyor shaft and the diversion pipe, achieving instantaneous and full contact between oxygen and the maximum fresh surface of the material. This "crushing and oxygenating at the same time" mode significantly improves the dissolution and diffusion efficiency of oxygen, and accelerates the metabolic activities of aerobic microorganisms from the source.

[0029] (3) The stepped aeration structure and independent negative pressure extraction system adopted in this invention provide a highly efficient gas exchange channel for the material. The material is fully expanded during the dispersion and falling process on the stepped shell, and the gas accumulated inside is more likely to escape; at the same time, the negative pressure shell actively extracts the escaped waste gas in time, which not only enhances the aeration effect and avoids the waste gas from redissolving, but also promotes the penetration of fresh air into the deep layer of the material by maintaining a micro negative pressure environment, forming a dynamic and efficient gas exchange cycle.

[0030] (4) This invention ingeniously integrates the oxygen supply process with the temperature control function. The high-speed rotating blades agitate the airflow, while the valve control pipe, based on the temperature signal, precisely guides the mixed airflow, cooled by oxygen expansion, into the material's falling path, directly cooling the hot material through convection and evaporation. This dynamic cooling method is responsive and precise in temperature control, stabilizing the fermentation temperature within the optimal range for microorganisms. This not only prevents high temperatures from inhibiting bacterial activity or even causing material burn, but also further improves fermentation efficiency by optimizing temperature conditions.

[0031] (5) The internal material circulation achieved by the reflux pump group in this invention effectively solves the common problem of uneven temperature and composition in large-scale fermentation devices. This design breaks the hierarchy of static fermentation, allowing materials to be continuously mixed and redistributed within the chamber, ensuring the uniformity of heat, moisture, oxygen and microbial community, avoiding the generation of local anaerobic or overheated areas, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the quality of the entire batch of fermentation products.

[0032] (6) All the individual effects of this invention are integrated into a complete process system that is automated, continuous or intermittent. The entire fermentation process can run automatically under a preset program, which significantly reduces the intensity of manual labor and the difficulty of operation. At the same time, the overall fermentation cycle is reduced by the efficiency enhancement of each link, and the volumetric yield of the equipment is improved. This achieves high efficiency, stability, cleanliness and intelligence in the production of organic fertilizer fermentation, and has outstanding comprehensive economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partial half-sectional perspective view of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the stepped shell of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the crushing shell of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the nozzle of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0038] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Storage tank; 2. Stepped shell; 3. Negative pressure shell; 4. Crushing servo; 5. Conveying shell; 6. Filter shell; 7. Crushing shell; 8. Sealing cover; 9. Driven gear; 10. Driven gear; 11. Conveying shaft; 12. Crushing fan blade; 13. Diverter pipe; 14. Nozzle; 15. Blade; 16. Valve control pipe; 17. Pressure booster servo; 101. Sealing shell; 201. Return pump unit; 301. Negative pressure pipe; 501. Screw rod; 502. Protective shell; 503. Diverter shell; 504. Fixing frame. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 5 :

[0042] An organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device includes: a storage tank 1; a crushing component disposed on the inner wall of the storage tank 1, wherein the crushing component is used to crush agglomerated organic fertilizer; an aeration component disposed on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank 1, wherein the aeration component is used to expand the surface area of ​​the organic fertilizer and improve aeration efficiency; and an oxygenation component disposed on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank 1, wherein the oxygenation component is used to supplement oxygen to the organic fertilizer and simultaneously dissipate heat and cool the organic fertilizer; and a sealing shell 101 is slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the storage tank 1, the sealing shell 101 being used to seal the storage tank 1 and prevent odors from affecting the working environment. The sealing shell 101 slidably fitted onto the outer wall of the storage tank 1 enables the device to achieve [the desired effect]. The fully enclosed operation effectively isolates odors generated during fermentation, significantly improving the working environment. Its crushing component can efficiently crush clumps of organic fertilizer, disrupting the internal anaerobic environment. Combined with the aeration components located on both sides of the outer wall of storage tank 1, it greatly expands the surface area of ​​the material and improves gas exchange efficiency. At the same time, the oxygenation component integrated on this side can use airflow to simultaneously dissipate heat and cool the organic fertilizer during oxygen replenishment, precisely controlling the core fermentation temperature. The components work together to solve the technical problems of uneven aeration, difficult heat dissipation, and environmental pollution that coexist in traditional fermentation, achieving a highly efficient, uniform, and environmentally friendly aerobic fermentation process.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 5The pulverizing assembly includes a conveying shell 5, a screw rod 501, pulverizing shells 7, a conveying shaft 11, and pulverizing blades 12. The conveying shell 5 is embedded in the inner wall of the storage tank 1. The screw rod 501 is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the conveying shell 5. Two pulverizing shells 7 are embedded in the inner walls of the sealing shell 101 via brackets. Two conveying shafts 11 are rotatably embedded in the inner walls of the pulverizing shells 7, and two pulverizing blades 12 are sleeved on the outer walls of the conveying shafts 11. The aeration assembly includes a stepped shell 2, a negative pressure shell 3, and a negative pressure pipe 301. The two stepped shells... 2 are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank 1. Two negative pressure shells 3 are respectively fitted onto the outer wall of the stepped shell 2. The negative pressure shell 3 is connected to the negative pressure pipe 301. The oxygenation component includes a diversion pipe 13, nozzles 14, blades 15 and valve control pipe 16. The diversion pipe 13 is connected to the output end of the conveying shaft 11. The four nozzles 14 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe 13. The four blades 15 are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe 13. The blades 15 are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe 13. Plate 15 is used for forced convection. Valve control pipe 16 is connected to crushing shell 7. The crushing component lifts the bottom material through the conveying shell 5 embedded in the inner wall of storage tank 1 and its internal screw rod 501, and conveys it to the crushing shell 7 embedded on both sides of sealing shell 101. The crushing fan blades 12 driven by conveying shaft 11 efficiently crush the agglomerated organic fertilizer, significantly increasing its surface area. The aeration component guides the material to disperse and fall through the stepped shells 2 fixed on both sides of storage tank 1. The negative pressure shell 3 sleeved on the outside and the connected negative pressure pipe The 301 actively extracts fermentation waste gas, greatly improving gas exchange efficiency. The oxygenation component uses the diversion pipe 13 and nozzle 14 connected to the conveying shaft 11 to precisely inject oxygen into the crushed material. At the same time, the blades 15 on the diversion pipe 13 enhance airflow agitation. Combined with the valve control pipe 16 connected to the crushing shell 7, the airflow is intelligently regulated, realizing the simultaneous completion of oxygen supply and heat dissipation. The coordinated operation effectively solves the problems of clumping, uneven aeration, and temperature runaway in traditional fermentation, achieving efficient, uniform, and environmentally friendly aerobic fermentation.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 5A fixing frame 504 is fixedly installed on the bottom outer wall of the conveying shell 5, and the fixing frame 504 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the storage box 1. A filter shell 6 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying shell 5. A protective shell 502 is sleeved on the top of the conveying shell 5, and a booster servo 17 is embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell 502. The output end of the booster servo 17 is fixedly installed at the center of the top outer wall of the screw rod 501. A diversion shell 503 is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the protective shell 502, and the diversion shell 503 is connected to the output end of the conveying shell 5 through a flexible hose. The two outputs of the diversion shell 503 are connected to each other. The ends are respectively connected to the inner wall of the crushing shell 7. The top two sides of the outer wall of the sealing shell 101 are fixedly equipped with crushing servo 4 by brackets, and the output end of the crushing servo 4 is fixedly equipped with driving gear 10. The top ends of the two conveying shafts 11 are fitted with driven gear 9, and the driving gear 10 and driven gear 9 are meshed and connected. The top two sides of the inner wall of the sealing shell 101 are fixedly equipped with sealing cover 8, and the sealing cover 8 is slidably embedded in the top of the inner wall of the crushing shell 7. The negative pressure pipe 301 is connected to the external exhaust gas collection device. The output end of the valve control pipe 16 is connected to the stepped shell 2. The inner wall opening of the stepped shell 2 is connected to a reflux pump group 201 via a hose, and the output end of the reflux pump group 201 is connected to the storage tank 1 via a hose. The input end of the conveying shaft 11 is connected to an external oxygen supply device via a plug and a hose. The fixing bracket 504 ensures that the conveying shell 5 is stable in the storage tank 1. The filter shell 6, which is slidably fitted on its outer wall, can flexibly adjust the filtration degree of the material. The booster servo 17 provides stable power to the screw 501, and evenly distributes the material to the two crushing shells 7 through the diversion shell 503. The crushing servo 4 actively... The meshing of gear 10 and driven gear 9 reliably drives the conveyor shaft 11 and the crushing fan blade 12 to rotate at high speed. The sealing cover 8 further enhances the airtightness of the crushing area. The negative pressure pipe 301 connects to the external exhaust gas collection device to achieve source control of odor. The matching design of valve control pipe 16 and stepped shell 2 enables precise introduction of cooling airflow. The reflux pump group 201 realizes the internal circulation of materials to balance fermentation conditions. The input end of the conveyor shaft 11 is connected to the external oxygen supply device to ensure continuous and efficient oxygenation. The structure is compact and highly synergistic, significantly improving the controllability and overall efficiency of fermentation.

[0045] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 5An organic fertilizer fermentation aeration method, applied in any one of the above-mentioned organic fertilizer fermentation aeration devices, includes the following steps: S1, Sealing loading and initial containment: The organic fertilizer raw material to be fermented is put into the storage tank 1. Subsequently, the sealing shell 101, which is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the storage tank 1, is closed, completely sealing the entire processing space. The core purpose of this step is to effectively isolate the odor and dust that may be generated during fermentation in all subsequent processing processes, ensuring the cleanliness of the working environment and the health of personnel, while creating a controllable airflow environment inside. S2, Preliminary conveying and bottom crushing: The pressure boosting servo 17 located at the top of the conveying shell 5 is activated to drive the screw rod 501. The screw 501 rotates at high speed within the conveyor shell 5, which is vertically embedded in the inner wall of the storage tank 1. Like a powerful vertical conveyor, it forcibly lifts and conveys the organic fertilizer clumps deposited at the bottom of the storage tank 1, completing the initial breaking up and homogenization. When further crushing is not needed, the filter shell 6 is pulled down. The filter shell 6, which slides on the outer wall of the conveyor shell 5, allows fine particles to pass through. S3, Fine crushing and dispersion by the crushing components: The organic fertilizer lifted to the top by the screw 501 enters the diversion shell 503 through a hose connected to the output end of the conveyor shell 5, and is evenly distributed to the feed inlets of the two crushing shells 7. Simultaneously, the two crushing servos 4 fixed on the sealing shell 101 are activated, driving the driven gear 9 through the drive gear 10, thereby causing the two conveyor shafts 11 to rotate at high speed in opposite directions within the crushing shells 7. The crushing fan blades 12 mounted on the conveyor shafts 11... The strong shearing and impact forces further break down and crush the organic fertilizer clumps from the diversion shell 503 into fine, uniform particles. S4, Efficient aeration and exhaust gas management of the aeration components: Under the action of gravity, the crushed organic fertilizer particles are discharged from the bottom of the crushing shell 7 and fall back into the storage tank 1, forming a loose material layer. At this time, the aeration components set on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank 1 start to work. The specific process is as follows: The stepped shell 2 is connected to the side wall of the storage tank 1. Its special stepped structure can guide the material to fall in an orderly manner and fully expand. The negative pressure shell 3, which is fitted outside the stepped shell 2, starts to generate negative pressure. Through the negative pressure pipe 301 connected to it, the fermentation exhaust gas released by the organic fertilizer during the fall and expansion process is actively and efficiently sucked out and transported to the external exhaust gas collection device for treatment. S5, Precise oxygen supply and dynamic cooling of the oxygenation components: This is the core oxygenation and temperature control step of the method. The external oxygen supply device pumps oxygen-enriched air into the high-speed rotating conveyor shaft 11 through a hose and plug. At the input end, oxygen flows into the diversion pipe 13, which is connected to the output end of the conveyor shaft 11. Multiple nozzles 14 on the diversion pipe 13 spray high-pressure oxygen in jet form directly into the cloud of organic fertilizer particles being broken up by the crushing blades 12. This "atomization oxygenation" at the moment of crushing allows oxygen to fully and instantly contact the particles with the largest fresh surface area, resulting in extremely high dissolution and diffusion efficiency.The blades 15, evenly spaced at the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe 13, rotate at high speed with the diversion pipe 13. On the one hand, they assist in cutting the material, and on the other hand, they strongly agitate the air inside the crushing shell 7, forming forced convection. The valve control pipe 16, which is connected to the crushing shell 7, is intelligently opened according to the signal from the internal temperature sensor. This mixed airflow, rich in oxygen and with a lower temperature due to gas expansion, is directionally sprayed into the stepped shell 2 area. This cold airflow comes into direct contact with the falling material. Utilizing the principles of convection and evaporation, it quickly removes the heat generated during crushing and fermentation, achieving simultaneous heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer. The temperature is controlled within the range most suitable for microbial activity. S6, Internal circulation and uniform fermentation: After being cooled and further aerated in the stepped shell 2 area, part of the material returns to the main cavity of the storage tank 1 under gravity to continue fermentation. At the same time, the reflux pump group 201, connected to the inner wall opening of the stepped shell 2 via a hose, is also present. It can be started to pump a portion of the processed material back to the upper part of storage tank 1 or another area, realizing internal circulation of the material. This circulation breaks the temperature and composition differences of static fermentation, ensuring the uniformity of fermentation conditions throughout the tank and avoiding the formation of local overheating or anaerobic zones. S7, Continuous circulation and completion: The above steps constitute a complete processing cycle. According to the preset fermentation process curve, it can automatically cycle and perform operations such as crushing, aeration, oxygenation, cooling, and reflux until the fermentation process fully reaches the preset maturity standard. Throughout the process, the sealing shell 101 remains sealed, and gas exchange only occurs through the controlled negative pressure pipe 301 and valve control pipe 16. Odors are effectively controlled. By closing the sealing shell 101, fully enclosed operation is achieved, controlling odors and dust from the source. The booster servo 17 drives the screw rod 501 to thaw the bottom plate. The material is lifted and evenly distributed to the crushing shell 7 via the diversion shell 503. The crushing servo 4, driven by the drive gear 10 and driven gear 9, drives the conveyor shaft 11 and crushing blades 12 for efficient crushing, greatly increasing the material surface area. The material then falls dispersedly through the stepped shell 2. The negative pressure shell 3 and negative pressure pipe 301 actively extract waste gas, enhancing gas exchange. Simultaneously, external oxygen is input via the conveyor shaft 11 and "atomized oxygen" is applied to the crushed material by the nozzles 14 on the diversion pipe 13, achieving extremely high oxygen contact efficiency. The blades 15, rotating with the diversion pipe 13, enhance airflow disturbance, and, combined with the valve control pipe 16, precisely spray cooling air into the stepped shell 2 area for synchronous cooling. The reflux pump group 201 can be activated to achieve internal material circulation, ensuring uniform fermentation. The entire method, through the coordinated operation of various components and a streamlined cyclical process, achieves efficient, uniform, controllable, and environmentally friendly aerobic fermentation.

[0046] Experiment 1: Oxygen Utilization Rate Verification Experiment

[0047] Sample preparation: Chicken manure with an organic matter content of 40% was selected and prepared into samples with particle sizes of 5mm (large particles), 2mm (medium particles), and 1mm (small particles).

[0048] Control group setup:

[0049] Experimental group: Atomized oxygenation was achieved using this device (nozzle pressure 0.6 MPa, rotation speed 1200 rpm).

[0050] Control group: conventional static aeration (oxygen flow rate 0.3 L / min).

[0051] Detection method: The oxygen dissolved after 12 hours of fermentation was detected by GC-MS, and the utilization rate (%) was calculated.

[0052] 5mm 78.5 42.3 +85.6% 2mm 83.2 51.7 +61.1% 1mm 89.1 63.4 +40.5%

[0053] Conclusion: Atomized oxygenation increases oxygen utilization by an average of 61%-85%, and the smaller the particle size, the higher the efficiency.

[0054] Experiment 2: Verification of Temperature Control Effectiveness

[0055] Monitoring point layout: Place PT100 thermocouple sensors at the center (high temperature zone) and edge (low temperature zone) of the storage box.

[0056] Operating conditions: Continuous operation for 8 hours, initial temperature 30℃, ventilation volume 0.5m³ / min, target temperature ≤40℃.

[0057] Data acquisition: Record hourly temperature fluctuation values ​​(ΔT).

[0058] 0 30.0 30.0 / / 1 32.5 31.8 2.5 1.8 2 35.2 34.5 5.2 4.5 3 37.8 36.5 7.8 6.5 4 39.5 38.2 7.5 6.2 5 40.1 39.3 7.1 6.3 6 39.8 38.5 7.7 6.5 7 38.9 38.1 6.9 6.1 8 37.5 37.2 6.0 5.3

[0059] in conclusion:

[0060] Central area fluctuations: highest 39.8℃, lowest 32.1℃, ΔT=7.7℃ (stable within ±2℃).

[0061] Fluctuations in the edge region: highest temperature 37.5℃, lowest temperature 30.2℃, ΔT=7.3℃.

[0062] Overall effect: Dynamic cooling keeps temperature fluctuations within ±2℃, which is significantly better than the ±5℃ of traditional equipment.

[0063] Experiment 3: Energy Consumption Comparison Experiment

[0064] Test equipment: This device (crushing servo 4 power 2.2kW, booster servo 17 power 1.5kW) vs. traditional compost turner (power 5kW).

[0065] Operating conditions: Processing 1 ton of chicken manure, operating for 24 hours.

[0066] Data acquisition: Record total power consumption (kWh) and calculate energy efficiency ratio (kg / kWh).

[0067] Total power consumption (kWh) 32.5 48.0 Processing capacity (kg) 1000 1000 Energy efficiency ratio (kg / kWh) 30.76 20.83

[0068] Conclusion: The energy efficiency ratio of this device is improved by 47.6%, demonstrating significant energy-saving advantages.

[0069] Experiment 4: Verification of Odor Control Effect

[0070] Detection method: Place a portable PID detector (to detect hydrogen sulfide and ammonia) in a sealed chamber (volume 10m³).

[0071] Operating conditions: Continuous operation for 48 hours, initial concentration: hydrogen sulfide 15 ppm, ammonia 20 ppm.

[0072] Data collection: Odor concentration (unit: ppm) is recorded every hour.

[0073] 0 15.0 20.0 6 6.2 9.8 12 3.1 5.2 24 1.8 3.5 48 <1.0 <2.0

[0074] Conclusion: Odor emissions were reduced by more than 90%, and hydrogen sulfide concentration was <10 ppm.

[0075] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device, characterized in that, include: Storage box (1); A crushing component is located on the inner wall of the storage box (1), wherein: the crushing component is used to crush agglomerated organic fertilizer; An aeration assembly is located on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank (1), wherein: the aeration assembly is used to expand the surface area of ​​the organic fertilizer and improve the aeration efficiency; An oxygenation component is located on both sides of the outer wall of the storage box (1), wherein: the oxygenation component is used to supplement oxygen to the organic fertilizer and at the same time complete the heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer; The outer wall of the storage box (1) is fitted with a sealing shell (101), which is used to seal the storage box (1) to prevent odors from affecting the working environment.

2. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a conveying shell (5), a screw rod (501), a crushing shell (7), a conveying shaft (11), and crushing blades (12). The conveying shell (5) is embedded in the inner wall of the storage box (1). The screw rod (501) is rotatably embedded in the inner wall of the conveying shell (5). The two crushing shells (7) are embedded in the inner walls of the sealing shell (101) through a bracket. The two conveying shafts (11) are rotatably embedded in the inner walls of the crushing shells (7). The two crushing blades (12) are sleeved on the outer walls of the conveying shafts (11).

3. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration components consist of a stepped shell (2), a negative pressure shell (3), and a negative pressure pipe (301). The two stepped shells (2) are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the storage tank (1), and the two negative pressure shells (3) are respectively fitted onto the outer wall of the stepped shell (2). The negative pressure shell (3) and the negative pressure pipe (301) are connected.

4. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygenation assembly includes a diversion pipe (13), nozzles (14), blades (15) and a valve control pipe (16). The diversion pipe (13) is connected to the output end of the conveying shaft (11). The four nozzles (14) are respectively connected to the outer wall of the diversion pipe (13). The four blades (15) are equidistantly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe (13). The valve control pipe (16) is connected to the pulverizing shell (7).

5. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing frame (504) is fixedly installed on the bottom outer wall of the conveying shell (5), and the fixing frame (504) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the storage box (1). A filter shell (6) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the conveying shell (5). A protective shell (502) is sleeved on the top of the conveying shell (5), and a booster servo (17) is embedded in the inner wall of the protective shell (502). The output end of the booster servo (17) is fixedly installed at the center of the top outer wall of the screw rod (501).

6. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A diversion shell (503) is fixedly installed on the top of the outer wall of the protective shell (502), and the output end of the diversion shell (503) is connected to the output end of the conveying shell (5) through a hose. The two output ends of the diversion shell (503) are respectively connected to the inner wall of the crushing shell (7).

7. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top two sides of the outer wall of the sealing shell (101) are fixedly provided with crushing servo (4) by brackets, and the output end of the crushing servo (4) is fixedly provided with driving gear (10). The top ends of the two conveying shafts (11) are fitted with driven gear (9), and the driving gear (10) and driven gear (9) are meshed and connected.

8. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing shell (101) has sealing caps (8) fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the inner wall, and the sealing caps (8) are slidably embedded in the top of the inner wall of the crushing shell (7).

9. The organic fertilizer fermentation aeration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure pipe (301) is connected to an external waste gas collection device. The output end of the valve control pipe (16) is matched with the stepped shell (2). The inner wall opening of the stepped shell (2) is connected to a reflux pump group (201) through a hose. The output end of the reflux pump group (201) is connected to the storage tank (1) through a hose. The input end of the conveying shaft (11) is connected to an external oxygen supply device through a plug and a hose.

10. A method for aerating organic fertilizer fermentation, characterized in that, The device, applied to an organic fertilizer fermentation aeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, includes the following steps: S1. Sealing and initial containment: The organic fertilizer raw material to be fermented is put into the storage box (1). Then, the sealing shell (101) that is slidably fitted on the outer wall of the storage box (1) is closed to completely seal the entire processing space. The core purpose of this step is to effectively isolate the odor and dust that may be generated during fermentation in all subsequent processing processes, to ensure the cleanliness of the working environment and the health of personnel, and at the same time to create a controllable airflow environment inside. S2, Preliminary conveying and bottom crushing: The booster servo (17) located at the top of the conveying shell (5) is activated, driving the screw rod (501) to rotate at high speed in the conveying shell (5) vertically embedded in the inner wall of the storage box (1). The screw rod (501) acts as a powerful vertical conveyor, forcibly lifting and conveying the organic fertilizer clumps deposited at the bottom of the storage box (1) upwards, completing the preliminary arch breaking and homogenization. When it is not necessary to crush the clumps, the filter shell (6) is pulled down. The filter shell (6) slidingly fitted on the outer wall of the conveying shell (5) allows fine particles to pass through. S3. Fine crushing and dispersion of the crushing component: The organic fertilizer lifted to the top by the screw (501) enters the diversion shell (503) through the hose connected to the output end of the conveying shell (5) and is evenly distributed to the feed inlets of the two crushing shells (7). At the same time, the two crushing servos (4) fixed on the sealing shell (101) are started and drive the driven gear (9) through the active gear (10), thereby driving the two conveying shafts (11) to rotate in opposite directions at high speed in the crushing shell (7). The crushing fan blades (12) sleeved on the conveying shafts (11) form strong shearing and impact forces, further breaking down and crushing the organic fertilizer clumps from the diversion shell (503) into small and uniform particles. S4. High-efficiency aeration and waste gas management of aeration components: Under the action of gravity, the crushed organic fertilizer particles are discharged from the bottom of the crushing shell (7) and fall back into the storage box (1) to form a loose material layer. At this time, the aeration components set on both sides of the outer wall of the storage box (1) start to work. The specific process is as follows: the stepped shell (2) is connected to the side wall of the storage box (1). Its special stepped structure can guide the material to fall in an orderly manner and fully expand. The negative pressure shell (3) set outside the stepped shell (2) starts to generate negative pressure. Through the negative pressure pipe (301) connected to it, the fermentation waste gas released by the organic fertilizer during the fall and expansion process is actively and efficiently sucked out and transported to the external waste gas collection device for treatment. S5. Precise oxygen supply and dynamic cooling of the oxygenation component: This is the core oxygenation and temperature control step of the method. The external oxygen supply device pumps oxygen-enriched air into the input end of the high-speed rotating conveyor shaft (11) through a hose and plug. The oxygen then flows into the diversion pipe (13) connected to the output end of the conveyor shaft (11). Multiple nozzles (14) on the diversion pipe (13) spray high-pressure oxygen directly into the cloud of organic fertilizer particles being dispersed by the crushing fan blades (12) in the form of jets. The "atomized oxygenation" that occurs at the moment of crushing allows the oxygen to fully and instantly contact the particles with the largest fresh surface area, resulting in extremely high dissolution and diffusion efficiency. At the same time, the blades (15) that are equidistantly spaced at the bottom of the outer wall of the diversion pipe (13) rotate at high speed with the diversion pipe (13). On the one hand, they assist in cutting the material, and on the other hand, they strongly agitate the air in the crushing shell (7), forming forced convection. The valve control pipe (16) connected to the crushing shell (7) Intelligent activation based on internal temperature sensor signal, directing the mixed airflow rich in oxygen and with a low temperature due to gas expansion into the stepped shell (2) area. This cold airflow comes into direct contact with the falling material, and by utilizing the principles of convection and evaporation, it quickly removes the heat generated during crushing and fermentation, achieving synchronous heat dissipation and cooling of the organic fertilizer, and controlling the temperature within the range most suitable for microbial activity. S6. Internal circulation and uniform fermentation: After being cooled and further aerated in the stepped shell (2) area, part of the material returns to the main cavity of the storage tank (1) under gravity to continue fermentation. At the same time, the reflux pump group (201) connected by the opening of the inner wall of the stepped shell (2) through the hose can be started to pump a part of the processed material back to the upper part of the storage tank (1) or another area, realizing the internal circulation of the material. This circulation breaks the temperature difference and composition difference of the static fermentation layers, ensures the uniformity of fermentation conditions in the entire tank, and avoids the formation of local overheating or anaerobic zones. S7. Continuous cycle and completion: The above steps constitute a complete processing cycle. According to the preset fermentation process curve, the crushing, aeration, oxygenation, cooling, reflux and other operations can be automatically performed in a cycle until the fermentation process fully reaches the preset maturity standard. Throughout the process, the sealing shell (101) is always kept in a closed state, and gas exchange is only carried out through the controlled negative pressure pipe (301) and valve control pipe (16), and the odor is effectively controlled.

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