Multifunctional insulating protective coating, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional insulating protective paint as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The multifunctional insulating protective paint comprises the following components by mass: modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-silicone composite base material 40-55 parts, functional filler 25-35 parts, environment-friendly bird prevention additive 3-8 parts, latent type composite curing agent 4-8 parts, super-hydrophobic self-cleaning additive 1-3 parts, bacteriostatic and algae-resistant additive 0.5-2 parts, dispersing agent 1-2 parts, leveling agent 0.5-1.5 parts, defoaming agent 0.3-1 part and diluent 5-10 parts. The multifunctional insulating protective paint has the functions of high weather resistance, high insulation, long-term anti-pollution flashover, environment-friendly bird prevention, self-cleaning and bacteriostasis, has good adaptability to charged spraying, has strong stability and durability, changes the surface physical properties and electrical properties of the power equipment by spraying the multifunctional insulating protective paint, significantly improves the anti-pollution flashover and bird damage resistance of the power equipment, prolongs the service life of the power facility, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment protection technology, and in particular to a multifunctional insulating protective coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] As power systems develop towards high voltage and ultra-high voltage, transmission and transformation equipment is exposed to complex outdoor environments for extended periods, facing multiple challenges such as flashover, bird damage, aging, and corrosion, which seriously affect the safe and stable operation of power systems. Currently, live-line spraying of power equipment has become the mainstream method for equipment maintenance, enabling protection upgrades without power outages and significantly reducing power outage losses. Therefore, insulating protective coatings suitable for live-line spraying have become a research hotspot.

[0003] Existing live-line spraying technologies for power equipment can be mainly divided into three categories: First, conventional live-line spraying insulating coatings, which use single epoxy resin, silicone rubber, or fluorocarbon resin as base materials, focusing on insulation performance, but have poor weather resistance. Long-term outdoor use can easily lead to powdering, cracking, and peeling. They also lack bird protection and their anti-flashover performance is prone to decay over time, making them unsuitable for complex working conditions in various environments. Second, weather-resistant insulating coatings, which use epoxy-acrylic composite base materials. Although this improves weather resistance, the powder form cannot meet the atomization requirements of live-line spraying, and they lack bird protection design. Special equipment is required for construction, making them unsuitable for on-site live-line work. Third, bird-repellent power coatings, which use ingredients with pungent odors such as realgar and sulfur to repel birds. However, their insulation and weather resistance are insufficient, and the ingredients have certain toxicity and corrosiveness. Long-term use can easily cause environmental pollution. They also cannot meet the requirements of rapid curing and low viscosity for live-line spraying, making it difficult to achieve multiple functions such as insulation, weather resistance, and bird protection.

[0004] The core problems and causes of existing technologies are analyzed as follows: 1) Single function, unable to achieve synergy: Existing coatings only focus on a single function among insulation, anti-pollution flashover, heavy weather resistance, and bird protection, without achieving synergy and adaptation of multiple functions. The core reason is that a reasonable component synergy system has not been designed, the base material and functional additives have poor compatibility, and multiple performance balance cannot be achieved.

[0005] 2) Poor compatibility with live spraying: Some coatings with good weather resistance and insulation properties (such as powder coatings) have high viscosity and slow curing speed, which cannot be adapted to the atomization process of live spraying. They are prone to uneven spraying and sagging. Moreover, the curing process may cause electrical safety hazards due to the generation of volatile substances. Some coatings that can be sprayed live have insufficient weather resistance. The core reason is that the formula has not been optimized for the "low viscosity, fast curing and no safety hazards" requirements of live spraying. The selection and ratio of base materials and additives are unreasonable.

[0006] 3) Deficiencies in bird protection design: Existing bird protection coatings often use toxic and irritating ingredients (such as realgar and sulfur), which not only pollute the environment but may also corrode equipment surfaces. Moreover, the bird-repelling effect is short-lived and easily fails due to rain erosion and ultraviolet radiation. Some bird protection devices (such as bird spikes) require additional installation, increasing construction costs, and do not have insulation protection functions. The core reason is that environmentally friendly, long-lasting bird protection additives that are compatible with the insulation system have not been selected, and the integrated design of bird protection function and insulation protection has not been achieved.

[0007] 4) It is difficult to achieve both weather resistance and insulation performance: Among the existing coatings, those with excellent insulation performance (such as epoxy resin) have poor weather resistance and are prone to aging and cracking after long-term outdoor exposure; those with good weather resistance (such as ordinary fluorocarbon resin) have insufficient insulation performance and cannot meet the insulation requirements of high-voltage equipment. The core reason is that the base material is not thoroughly modified and a composite system with both weather resistance and insulation performance has not been formed. The bonding force between the filler and the base material is weak and cannot resist the erosion of complex environments such as ultraviolet rays, salt spray, and high and low temperatures.

[0008] 5) Insufficient long-term anti-flashover performance: Existing anti-flashover coatings mostly rely on a single hydrophobic component, which is prone to surface contamination and algae growth. Moreover, the hydrophobicity is easily reduced with aging, resulting in a decline in anti-flashover performance. The core reason is that a synergistic mechanism of "superhydrophobic self-cleaning + antibacterial and anti-algae" has not been designed, and the microstructure of the filler cannot form a stable anti-fouling barrier.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional insulating and protective coating, its preparation method, and its application. This multifunctional insulating and protective coating has the functions of high weather resistance, high insulation, long-lasting anti-flashover, environmental protection and bird protection, and self-cleaning and antibacterial properties, which significantly improves the anti-flashover and bird damage performance of power equipment.

[0011] This invention provides a multifunctional insulating and protective coating (hereinafter referred to as the coating), comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base, 25-35 parts of functional filler, 3-8 parts of environmentally friendly bird-repellent agent, 4-8 parts of latent composite curing agent, 1-3 parts of superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent, 0.5-2 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, 1-2 parts of dispersant, 0.5-1.5 parts of leveling agent, 0.3-1 part of defoamer, and 5-10 parts of diluent.

[0012] In this invention, the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix is ​​prepared by mixing fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, and organosilicon resin, and then adding a silane coupling agent and stirring to react. The mass ratio of fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, and organosilicon resin is 1:(1-1.5):(0.8-1.2), for example, 3:4:3. The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the mixed resin is (1.5-2.5):100 (i.e., the silane coupling agent accounts for 1.5-2.5% of the mass of the mixed resin). The silane coupling agent can be KH-560, etc. The temperature during the stirring reaction is 80-100 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-500 r / min, and the stirring reaction time is 2-3 h.

[0013] The aforementioned modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-silicone composite matrix adopts a three-component composite modification. Among them, the fluorocarbon resin provides excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance, resisting ultraviolet radiation and salt spray erosion; the epoxy resin can improve the adhesion, mechanical strength and insulation performance of the coating, ensuring that the coating is tightly bonded to the equipment surface and preventing peeling; the silicone resin can optimize the hydrophobicity and flexibility of the coating, reducing the risk of cracking; the silane coupling agent can realize the intermolecular chemical bonding of the three components, combined with the latent composite curing agent for room temperature cross-linking and curing, ultimately forming a three-dimensional network polymer skeleton with high cross-linking density, continuous interconnection, and nanoscale tortuous pores. This solves the problems of phase separation and poor compatibility of existing composite matrix materials, forming a stable three-dimensional network structure, while improving the bonding force between the matrix and the filler, achieving a synergistic improvement in weather resistance and insulation performance, and adapting to the requirements of low viscosity and rapid curing in electrostatic spraying.

[0014] In this invention, the functional filler includes nano-silica, modified nano-boron nitride, and silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide; wherein the mass ratio of nano-silica, modified nano-boron nitride, and silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide is 1:(1-2):(2-3), for example 1:1.5:2.5; the particle size of nano-silica is 50-100 nm; the modified nano-boron nitride is prepared by modifying nano-boron nitride with silane coupling agent KH-550, and the particle size of nano-boron nitride is 50-80 nm.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of modified boron nitride nanoparticles includes: A) Add nano-boron nitride to an organic solvent (such as ethanol) to prepare a dispersion with a concentration of 8-12 wt%; B) Add 2-4% of silane coupling agent KH-550 by mass of nano boron nitride to the dispersion, stir the reaction at 50-70 ℃ and 200-400 r / min for 1.5-2.5 h, centrifuge and dry (e.g., vacuum dry at 70-90 ℃ for 1-2 h) to obtain modified nano boron nitride.

[0016] The aforementioned functional filler employs a synergistic system of "nano-silica + modified nano-boron nitride + silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide." Nano-silica is uniformly dispersed in the base material, forming a nanoscale network structure that hinders electron migration, improving the coating's corona resistance and insulation strength, while also enhancing its mechanical strength. Modified nano-boron nitride forms a three-dimensional thermally conductive and insulating network, improving the coating's thermal conductivity and enabling timely release of heat generated during equipment operation, preventing coating aging due to heat accumulation, and further enhancing insulation performance. Silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide possesses excellent UV resistance, preventing UV damage to the base material's molecular chains, improving the coating's weather resistance, and enhancing its hiding power. Through the synergistic effect of these three components, the functional filler is uniformly interspersed within the network gaps, further refining the network pore size (mainstream pore size 20-100 μm). (nm), forming a multi-level cage structure of resin main network and filler secondary network, forming a physical carrier for additive locking and slow release, realizing multiple improvements in insulation, weather resistance, thermal conductivity and other functions, and effectively solving the problem of poor synergy of existing fillers.

[0017] In this invention, the environmentally friendly bird-repelling additive includes menthol derivatives, eugenol and balsam pollen, and the mass ratio between menthol derivatives, eugenol and balsam pollen is 1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1), for example 1:0.75:0.75.

[0018] The aforementioned environmentally friendly bird-repelling additive uses a compound system of natural plant extracts. Menthol derivatives, eugenol, and balsam pollen are all environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable ingredients. Among them, menthol derivatives and eugenol can release a mild, irritating odor, which slightly stimulates the olfactory system of birds, achieving a gentle repellency. Furthermore, the odor is locked and slowly released through the three-dimensional network structure of the base material, achieving a long-lasting sustained release and preventing it from being washed away by rain. Balsam pollen further enhances the bird-repelling effect, providing good repellency against various birds such as songbirds and wading birds, while not affecting the insulation performance and weather resistance of the coating, nor causing pollution to the environment or equipment. In particular, menthol derivatives and eugenol are volatile polar organic small molecules with a molecular size of <10 nm and possess natural volatility characteristics. Meanwhile, balsam pollen is a solid micro-powder with a particle size much larger than the pore size of the main channels of the network and is non-volatile. The three components rely on a three-dimensional network to achieve a balance between confined storage and controlled diffusion, which can prevent the short-term loss of large amounts of additives and ensure the long-term uniform release of bird-repelling active ingredients. There is no chemical bonding throughout the process, so it does not change the chemical properties of the additives or damage the insulation and weather resistance of the resin matrix. It effectively solves the problems of toxicity and short-term effect of existing bird-repelling coatings, and realizes the integration of bird-repelling function and insulation protection. The bird-repelling function is mild and long-lasting.

[0019] In this invention, the latent composite curing agent comprises methyl nadic anhydride and microencapsulated imidazole compounds, wherein the mass ratio of methyl nadic anhydride to microencapsulated imidazole compounds is (3.5-4.5):1, for example 4:1.

[0020] Methods for preparing microencapsulated imidazole compounds include: A) A polyurethane wall material solution was prepared by mixing acetone, polyether polyol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and propylene glycol and stirring the mixture. B) Dissolve 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole in ethanol to prepare an imidazole solution with a concentration of 8-12 wt%; C) Prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.8-1 wt%; D) Add the imidazole solution to the polyurethane wall material solution and disperse it by ultrasonication; then, add the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution under stirring conditions and stir to form microcapsules; centrifuge, wash and dry to obtain microencapsulated imidazole compounds.

[0021] In step A), the mass ratio of acetone, polyether polyol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and propylene glycol is 100:(8-9):(3.5-4.5):(2-3), for example, 100:9:4:2.5; the temperature during stirring is 45-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-400 r / min, and the stirring time is 2-3 h. In step D), the volume ratio of imidazole solution, polyurethane wall material solution, and polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is (1-2):(2-3):(1-2), for example, 1.5:2.5:1.5; the ultrasonic dispersion time is 10-20 min; the stirring time is 3-4 h; the mixture is washed 2-4 times with deionized water; and vacuum dried at 50-70 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 h.

[0022] The aforementioned latent composite curing agent is formulated with methyl nadic anhydride and microencapsulated imidazole compounds. The wall material of the microencapsulated imidazole compounds is polyurethane, which can slowly release curing components at room temperature, achieving rapid room-temperature curing of the coating (curing time 20-30 min). This avoids the generation of volatile substances during curing, eliminating electrical safety hazards during live-line work. The methyl nadic anhydride reacts with the epoxy groups and hydroxyl groups in the composite base material to form a dense cross-linked network, improving the coating's density and insulation properties. This solves the problems of slow curing speed and safety hazards during the curing process in existing coatings, making it suitable for live-line spraying applications.

[0023] In this invention, the superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent includes polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder and nano-silica, with a mass ratio of polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder to nano-silica of 1:(1.5-2.5), for example 1:2, and the particle size of nano-silica is 20-50 nm.

[0024] The aforementioned superhydrophobic self-cleaning additive is formulated with polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder and nano-silica. It can form a micro-nano rough structure and a low surface energy layer on the coating surface, resulting in a static water contact angle ≥150° and a roll-off angle ≤10°. This enables water droplets to roll off quickly and carry away contaminants, improving the self-cleaning performance of the coating and reducing surface contamination. At the same time, it enhances the hydrophobicity of the coating and improves the anti-flashover performance, achieving a synergistic improvement in self-cleaning and anti-flashover properties.

[0025] In this invention, the antibacterial and anti-algae adjuvant includes a nano-silver ion antibacterial agent, wherein the nano-silver ions in the nano-silver ion antibacterial agent have a particle size of 10-20 nm.

[0026] The above-mentioned antibacterial and anti-algae additives require only a small amount and have excellent antibacterial effects. They can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as Aspergillus niger and Chlorella vulgaris, and avoid coating aging and insulation performance degradation caused by microbial growth. They are suitable for environments that are prone to microbial growth, such as high temperature and humidity and dense vegetation, and solve the defects of existing anti-flashover coatings, such as the lack of antibacterial function.

[0027] In this invention, the dispersant can be a polycarboxylate dispersant; the leveling agent can be a polyacrylate leveling agent; and the defoamer can be an organosilicon defoamer.

[0028] The aforementioned dispersants ensure that fillers, bird-repellent additives, etc., are uniformly dispersed in the base material, preventing agglomeration and improving the stability of the coating; leveling agents optimize the leveling properties of the coating, preventing defects such as sagging and pinholes during spraying and ensuring uniform coating; defoamers eliminate bubbles generated during coating preparation and spraying, improving coating density and ensuring insulation performance. The three work synergistically to optimize the coating's workability and adapt to the atomization requirements of electrostatic spraying.

[0029] In this invention, the diluent includes xylene and ethyl acetate, and the mass ratio of xylene to ethyl acetate is (1.5-2.5):1, for example 2:1.

[0030] The above-mentioned thinner is a compound of xylene and ethyl acetate, which can adjust the viscosity of the coating to 15-25s (Ford cup 4, 25℃), ensuring that the coating can be smoothly atomized and sprayed. The thinner has moderate volatility and will not generate a large amount of steam during the spraying process, avoiding safety hazards during live work. At the same time, it will not affect the curing effect and performance of the coating, solving the problem that the viscosity of existing coatings is not suitable for live spraying.

[0031] The multifunctional insulating and protective coating of this invention integrates five major functions: high weather resistance, high insulation, long-lasting anti-pollution flashover, environmental protection against birds, and self-cleaning and antibacterial properties. Through the synergistic design of the base material, filler, and additives, the coating achieves the adaptation and balance of multiple properties.

[0032] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned multifunctional insulating and protective coating, comprising the following steps: S1: Add dispersant, leveling agent, and defoamer to the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite matrix and stir until well mixed; S2: Add functional filler, heat and stir to make the functional filler evenly dispersed; S3: Add environmentally friendly bird-repellent additives, antibacterial and anti-algae additives and superhydrophobic self-cleaning additives, and stir until well mixed; S4: Add latent composite curing agent and diluent, stir and mix well, then filter to prepare a multifunctional insulating and protective coating.

[0033] In step S1, the stirring speed is 200-300 r / min, and the stirring time is 10-15 min. In step S2, the temperature is raised to 50-60℃; the stirring speed is 400-500 r / min, and the stirring time is 30-40 min. In step S3, the stirring speed is 300-400 r / min, and the stirring time is 20-25 min. In step S4, the stirring speed is 200-300 r / min, and the stirring time is 15-20 min; filtration is performed using a 100-120 mesh filter.

[0034] The above preparation method, through step-by-step stirring, temperature control, and filtration, ensures the uniformity and stability of the coating, avoids filler agglomeration, and improves the consistency of coating performance.

[0035] The present invention also provides the application of the above-mentioned multifunctional insulating and protective coating in live spraying.

[0036] Specifically, the spraying pressure during live-line spraying is 0.3-0.5 MPa, the spraying distance is 30-50 cm, the spraying thickness is 80-120 μm, and the curing time at room temperature is 20-30 min. During live-line spraying, the multifunctional insulating and protective coating atomizes uniformly, without sagging or bubbles. The cured coating has strong adhesion to the surface of the live equipment, allowing direct application to live equipment without power outages. This solves the problem that existing coatings cannot be adapted to high-voltage live-line spraying, and is suitable for live-line spraying at voltage levels of 35kV and above.

[0037] The implementation of this invention has at least the following advantages: 1. Beneficial effects of the technology: 1) Excellent Multifunctional Synergy: The coating of this invention simultaneously possesses five major functions: high weather resistance, high insulation, long-lasting anti-flashover, environmentally friendly bird protection, and self-cleaning and antibacterial properties. After 5000 hours of accelerated artificial aging, the coating shows no yellowing, cracking, or peeling; it withstands salt spray for over 1200 hours and exhibits excellent UV aging resistance; its volume resistivity is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 14Ω·cm, breakdown strength ≥35kV / mm, insulation performance meets the requirements of 35kV and above high voltage equipment; static water contact angle ≥150°, self-cleaning coefficient >90%, anti-pollution flashover level reaches Class IV, which can effectively avoid pollution flashover accidents; bird deterrence rate ≥90%, the bird deterrence effect can be maintained for more than 5 years, and no additional bird deterrence device is required; antibacterial rate ≥99%, which can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms and is suitable for complex outdoor environments.

[0038] 2) Good adaptability to live-line spraying: The viscosity of the coating is controlled at 15-25 s, which can be smoothly atomized and sprayed without sagging or bubbles. It can be cured quickly at room temperature in 20-30 minutes. No volatile harmful substances are generated during the curing process. It is suitable for live-line operations with voltage levels of 35kV and above. The construction efficiency is high, and the equipment protection upgrade can be completed without power outages, avoiding losses caused by power outages.

[0039] 3) Strong stability and durability: The composite base material forms a stable three-dimensional network structure, the filler and the composite base material are tightly bonded, the coating has strong adhesion (adhesion ≥4MPa), high mechanical strength (tensile strength ≥3.0MPa), and can resist the erosion of complex environments such as high and low temperature cycles (-40℃ to 80℃), rainstorms, and sandstorms. The service life can reach more than 15 years, which is significantly better than existing coatings (the service life of existing coatings is mostly 3-5 years).

[0040] 4) Environmentally friendly and pollution-free: This invention uses environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable bird-repelling additives and other components. It releases no toxic or harmful substances, does not pollute soil, water sources, or air, and does not corrode the surface of power equipment, which is in line with the development trend of green environmental protection.

[0041] 2. Beneficial economic effects: 1) Reduced construction costs: The coating of this invention can be sprayed directly while the power is on, without the need for power outages, thus avoiding industrial and civilian economic losses caused by power outages; at the same time, the coating achieves "one-time spraying, multiple protections", eliminating the need to spray insulating coatings and bird-proof coatings separately, reducing construction procedures and time, and lowering labor and material costs.

[0042] 2) Reduced maintenance costs: The coating has a long service life (over 15 years), excellent weather resistance, corrosion resistance, and anti-aging properties, which can significantly reduce the number of equipment maintenance and maintenance costs; at the same time, the bird-proof effect is long-lasting, eliminating the need to replace the bird-proof device regularly, further reducing maintenance costs; in addition, its excellent self-cleaning properties reduce the frequency of manual cleaning and lower cleaning costs.

[0043] 3) Improve equipment utilization: Through effective insulation protection, anti-flashover protection, and bird damage protection, the failure rate of power equipment is reduced, the stability and utilization of equipment operation are improved, the service life of equipment is extended, and the replacement cost of equipment is reduced.

[0044] 3. Beneficial social effects: 1) Ensuring safe and stable power operation: Effectively preventing power failures caused by pollution flashover, bird damage, equipment aging, etc., reducing power outages, ensuring a stable power supply for industrial production and residential use, and safeguarding the public interest.

[0045] 2) Promote the upgrading of power equipment protection technology: It has broken through the technical bottlenecks of existing coatings such as single function, poor adaptability to live spraying, and insufficient environmental protection, and provided a brand-new solution for the protection of live power equipment, promoting the development of power protection materials towards "multi-functionality, long-lasting effect, environmental protection and convenience".

[0046] 3) Practicing the concept of green environmental protection: The coating ingredients are environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable, with no pollutant emissions, which is in line with green development, reduces the impact on the ecological environment, and achieves the coordinated development of the power industry and the ecological environment.

[0047] 4) Adapting to the development needs of ultra-high voltage power grids: It can adapt to the live protection needs of high voltage and ultra-high voltage equipment, providing technical support for the safe and stable operation of ultra-high voltage power grids. Detailed Implementation

[0048] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0049] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations according to this application. As used herein, the singular form includes the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this description, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1 The multifunctional insulating and protective coating for live-line spraying of power equipment in this embodiment is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base, 30 parts functional filler (6 parts nano silica, 9 parts modified nano boron nitride, 15 parts silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide), 5 parts environmentally friendly bird-repellent additive (2 parts menthol derivative, 1.5 parts eugenol, 1.5 parts balsam pollen), 6 parts latent composite curing agent (4.8 parts methyl nadic anhydride, 1.2 parts microencapsulated imidazole compounds), 2 parts superhydrophobic self-cleaning additive (0.67 parts polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder, 1.33 parts nano silica), 1 part antibacterial and anti-algae additive (nano silver), 1.5 parts dispersant (polycarboxylate), 1 part leveling agent (polyacrylate), 0.7 parts defoamer (organosilicon), and 8 parts diluent (5.33 parts xylene, 2.67 parts ethyl acetate).

[0052] The preparation steps of the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment are as follows: 1. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:4:3 to form a mixed resin. 2% of the mass of the mixed resin was added to the mixed resin, and the mixture was stirred at 85℃ and 400 r / min for 2.5 h. After cooling, a modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-silicone composite matrix was obtained.

[0053] 2. Preparation of modified boron nitride nanoparticles Boron nitride nanoparticles with a particle size of 50-80 nm were added to ethanol to prepare a dispersion with a concentration of 10 wt%. Silane coupling agent KH-550, accounting for 3% of the mass of the boron nitride nanoparticles, was added to the dispersion. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C and 300 r / min for 2 h, centrifuged, and then dried under vacuum at 80 °C for 1.5 h to obtain modified boron nitride nanoparticles.

[0054] 3. Preparation of microencapsulated imidazole compounds Acetone, polyether polyol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and propylene glycol were mixed in a mass ratio of 100:9:4:2.5 and stirred at 48℃ and 350 r / min for 2.5 h to obtain a polyurethane wall material solution.

[0055] 2-Ethyl-4-methylimidazole was dissolved in ethanol to prepare an imidazole solution with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0056] Polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.9 wt%.

[0057] The imidazole solution was added to the polyurethane wall material solution at a volume ratio of 1.5:2.5:1.5, and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 min. Subsequently, under stirring conditions, polyurethane alcohol aqueous solution was added, and the reaction was stirred for 3.5 h to form microcapsules. The microcapsules were collected by centrifugation, washed three times with deionized water, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 2 h to obtain microencapsulated imidazole compounds.

[0058] 4. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Step 1: Add 45 parts of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 250 r / min at room temperature, add 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1 part of leveling agent, and 0.7 parts of defoamer, stir for 12 min, and mix evenly.

[0059] Step 2: Slowly add 6 parts of nano silica (80nm particle size), 9 parts of modified nano boron nitride, and 15 parts of silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide into a stirred tank, heat to 55℃, and stir at 450r / min for 35min to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. Step 3: Cool to room temperature, add 5 parts of environmentally friendly bird-repellent agent, 1 part of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 2 parts of superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent, and stir at 350 r / min for 22 minutes to fully mix; Step 4: Add 6 parts of latent composite curing agent (4.8 parts of methyl nadic anhydride and 1.2 parts of microencapsulated imidazole compound) and 8 parts of diluent, stir at 250 r / min for 18 min, and after mixing evenly, filter through a 110 mesh filter to prepare a multifunctional insulating and protective coating.

[0060] The live-line spraying process for the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment is as follows: An insulating spraying device adapted to a 35kV voltage level was used, with a spraying pressure of 0.4MPa, a spraying distance of 40cm, and a spraying thickness of 100μm to form a complete coating.

[0061] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ 14Ω·cm; breakdown strength of 38kV / mm; coating adhesion of 4.2MPa, tensile strength of 3.2MPa; static water contact angle of 155°, self-cleaning coefficient of 92%, anti-flashover level IV; initial bird repellency rate of 92%; antibacterial rate of 99.2%; room temperature curing time of 25min; no yellowing, cracking, or peeling of the coating after 1500h of accelerated artificial aging; the coating remains intact after 5000h of accelerated artificial aging, with no aging defects; no corrosion after 1200h of salt spray resistance; breakdown strength of 36 kV / mm after 5000h of accelerated artificial aging, meeting high-voltage requirements; bird repellency rate of 91% after 1 year of natural outdoor use, 90% after 3 years of natural outdoor use, with stable bird repellency performance; bird repellency rate of 89% after 5 years of natural outdoor use, achieving long-term bird repellency standards; viscosity of 20s (Ford Cup 4, 25℃), uniform atomization, no sagging or bubbles, suitable for electrostatic spraying.

[0062] Example 2 The multifunctional insulating and protective coating for live-line spraying of power equipment in this embodiment is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base, 25 parts functional filler (5 parts nano-silica, 7.5 parts modified nano-boron nitride, 12.5 parts silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide), 3 parts environmentally friendly bird-repellent additive (1.2 parts menthol derivative, 0.9 parts eugenol, 0.9 parts impatiens pollen), and latent composite curing agent. 4 parts of agent (3.2 parts of methyl nadic anhydride, 0.8 parts of microencapsulated imidazole compound), 1 part of superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent (0.33 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder, 0.67 parts of nano silica), 0.5 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent (nano silver), 1 part of dispersant (polycarboxylate), 0.5 parts of leveling agent (polyacrylate), 0.3 parts of defoamer (organosilicon), and 5 parts of diluent (3.33 parts of xylene, 1.67 parts of ethyl acetate).

[0063] The preparation steps of the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment are as follows: 1. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:4:3 to form a mixed resin. 1.5% of the mass of the mixed resin was added to the mixed resin, and the mixture was stirred and reacted at 80℃ and 300 r / min for 2 h. After cooling, a modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-silicone composite matrix was obtained.

[0064] 2. Preparation of modified boron nitride nanoparticles Boron nitride nanoparticles with a particle size of 50-80 nm were added to ethanol to prepare a dispersion with a concentration of 8 wt%. Silane coupling agent KH-550, accounting for 2% of the mass of the boron nitride nanoparticles, was added to the dispersion. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C and 300 r / min for 2 h, centrifuged, and then dried under vacuum at 80 °C for 1.5 h to obtain modified boron nitride nanoparticles.

[0065] 3. Preparation of microencapsulated imidazole compounds Acetone, polyether polyol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and propylene glycol were mixed in a mass ratio of 100:9:4:2.5 and stirred at 48℃ and 350 r / min for 2.5 h to obtain a polyurethane wall material solution.

[0066] 2-Ethyl-4-methylimidazole was dissolved in ethanol to prepare an imidazole solution with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0067] Polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.9 wt%.

[0068] The imidazole solution was added to the polyurethane wall material solution at a volume ratio of 1.5:2.5:1.5, and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 min. Subsequently, under stirring conditions, polyurethane alcohol aqueous solution was added, and the reaction was stirred for 3.5 h to form microcapsules. The microcapsules were collected by centrifugation, washed three times with deionized water, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 2 h to obtain microencapsulated imidazole compounds.

[0069] 4. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Step 1: Add 40 parts of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 200 r / min at room temperature, add 1 part of dispersant, 0.5 parts of leveling agent and 0.3 parts of defoamer, stir for 10 min and mix evenly; Step 2: Slowly add 5 parts of nano silica (particle size 50nm), 7.5 parts of modified nano boron nitride, and 12.5 parts of silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide into a stirred tank, heat to 50℃, and stir at 400r / min for 30min to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. Step 3: Cool to room temperature, add 3 parts of environmentally friendly bird-repellent agent, 0.5 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 1 part of superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent, and stir at 300 r / min for 20 minutes to fully mix; Step 4: Add 4 parts of latent composite curing agent and 5 parts of diluent, stir at 200 r / min for 15 min, mix evenly, and then filter through a 100 mesh filter to prepare a multifunctional insulating and protective coating.

[0070] The live-line spraying process for the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment is as follows: An insulating spraying device adapted to a 35kV voltage level was used, with a spraying pressure of 0.3MPa, a spraying distance of 30cm, and a spraying thickness of 80μm to form a complete coating.

[0071] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ 14 Ω·cm, breakdown strength 35kV / mm; no significant aging after 5000h of artificial accelerated aging; no corrosion after 1000h of salt spray; static water contact angle 150°, self-cleaning coefficient 90%, anti-flashover level IV; bird deterrent rate 90%; antibacterial rate 99%; room temperature curing time 20min; adhesion 4.0MPa, tensile strength 3.0MPa; viscosity 15s (Ford cup 4, 25℃), good atomization effect, suitable for electrostatic spraying.

[0072] Example 3 The multifunctional insulating and protective coating for live-line spraying of power equipment in this embodiment is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base, 35 parts functional filler (7 parts nano silica, 10.5 parts modified nano boron nitride, 17.5 parts silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide), 8 parts environmentally friendly bird-repellent additive (3.2 parts menthol derivative, 2.4 parts eugenol, 2.4 parts balsam pollen), 8 parts latent composite curing agent (6.4 parts methyl nadic anhydride, 1.6 parts microencapsulated imidazole compounds), 3 parts superhydrophobic self-cleaning additive (1 part polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder, 2 parts nano silica), 2 parts antibacterial and anti-algae additive (nano silver), 2 parts dispersant (polycarboxylate), 1.5 parts leveling agent (polyacrylate), 1 part defoamer (organosilicon), and 10 parts diluent (6.67 parts xylene, 3.33 parts ethyl acetate).

[0073] The preparation steps of the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment are as follows: 1. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin, and silicone resin were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:4:3 to form a mixed resin. 2.5% of silane coupling agent KH-560 was added to the mixed resin, and the mixture was stirred at 100℃ and 500 r / min for 3 h. After cooling, a modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-silicone composite matrix was obtained.

[0074] 2. Preparation of modified boron nitride nanoparticles Boron nitride nanoparticles with a particle size of 50-80 nm were added to ethanol to prepare a dispersion with a concentration of 12 wt%. Silane coupling agent KH-550, accounting for 4% of the mass of the boron nitride nanoparticles, was added to the dispersion. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C and 300 r / min for 2 h, centrifuged, and then dried under vacuum at 80 °C for 1.5 h to obtain modified boron nitride nanoparticles.

[0075] 3. Preparation of microencapsulated imidazole compounds Acetone, polyether polyol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and propylene glycol were mixed in a mass ratio of 100:9:4:2.5 and stirred at 48℃ and 350 r / min for 2.5 h to obtain a polyurethane wall material solution.

[0076] 2-Ethyl-4-methylimidazole was dissolved in ethanol to prepare an imidazole solution with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0077] Polyvinyl alcohol was dissolved in water to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.9 wt%.

[0078] The imidazole solution was added to the polyurethane wall material solution at a volume ratio of 1.5:2.5:1.5, and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 min. Subsequently, under stirring conditions, polyurethane alcohol aqueous solution was added, and the reaction was stirred for 3.5 h to form microcapsules. The microcapsules were collected by centrifugation, washed three times with deionized water, and vacuum dried at 60 °C for 2 h to obtain microencapsulated imidazole compounds.

[0079] 4. Preparation of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix Step 1: Add 55 parts of modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite base material to a mixing tank, stir at 300 r / min at room temperature, add 2 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of leveling agent and 1 part of defoamer, stir for 15 min and mix evenly; Step 2: Slowly add 7 parts of nano silica (particle size 100nm), 10.5 parts of modified nano boron nitride, and 17.5 parts of silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide into a stirred tank, heat to 60℃, and stir at 500r / min for 40min to ensure uniform dispersion of the filler. Step 3: Cool to room temperature, add 8 parts of environmentally friendly bird-repellent agent, 2 parts of antibacterial and anti-algae agent, and 3 parts of superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent, and stir at 400 r / min for 25 minutes to fully mix; Step 4: Add 8 parts of latent composite curing agent and 10 parts of diluent, stir at 300 r / min for 20 min, mix evenly, and then filter through a 120 mesh filter to prepare a multifunctional insulating and protective coating.

[0080] The live-line spraying process for the multifunctional insulating and protective coating in this embodiment is as follows: An insulating spraying device adapted to a 50kV voltage level was used, with a spraying pressure of 0.5MPa, a spraying distance of 50cm, and a spraying thickness of 120μm to form a complete coating.

[0081] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.5×10 14 Ω·cm, breakdown strength 42kV / mm; no aging phenomenon after 5000h of artificial accelerated aging; no corrosion after 1500h of salt spray resistance; static water contact angle 160°, self-cleaning coefficient 95%, anti-flashover level IV; bird deterrent rate 95%; antibacterial rate 99.5%; room temperature curing time 30min; adhesion 4.5MPa, tensile strength 3.5MPa; viscosity 25s (Ford cup 4, 25℃), uniform atomization, dense coating after curing, suitable for high-pressure live spraying.

[0082] Compare with Example 1 Except for replacing the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base material of Example 1 with the epoxy resin of Example 1, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0083] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.1×10 14 Ω·cm; Breakdown strength 37kV / mm; Coating adhesion 3.8MPa; Static water contact angle 122°; Initial bird deterrence rate 91%; Antibacterial rate 98.5%; Room temperature curing time 28min; After 1500h of artificial accelerated aging, the coating showed obvious powdering and local cracking; After 5000h of artificial accelerated aging, large-area cracking and coating peeling occurred; After 400h of neutral salt spray test, rust spots and coating bulging appeared; After 5000h of artificial accelerated aging, the breakdown strength was 18kV / mm, and the insulation failed significantly; After 1 year of natural outdoor use, the bird deterrence rate was only 55%; After 3 years of natural outdoor use, the bird deterrence rate was only 38%, and the bird deterrence ability was basically lost; After 5 years of natural outdoor use, the bird deterrence rate was <30%, and the bird deterrence ability was completely lost.

[0084] Compare with Example 2 Except for replacing the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base material of Example 1 with the silicone resin of Example 1, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0085] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 6.2 × 10⁻⁶ 13Ω·cm; Breakdown strength 26kV / mm; Coating adhesion 2.9MPa; Static water contact angle 141°; Initial bird repellency rate 91%; Antibacterial rate 98.2%; Room temperature curing time 32min; No cracking and slight gloss loss in the coating after 1500h of artificial accelerated aging; Multiple micro-cracks and decreased hydrophobicity in the coating after 5000h of artificial accelerated aging; Local corrosion occurred after 700h of neutral salt spray test; Breakdown strength of 21kV / mm after 5000h of artificial accelerated aging, not meeting high voltage standards; Bird repellency rate of only 68% after 1 year of natural outdoor use; Bird repellency rate of only 62% after 3 years of natural outdoor use, with a significant reduction in bird repellency effect; Bird repellency rate of only 50% after 5 years of natural outdoor use, with the bird repellency function almost completely ineffective.

[0086] Compare with Example 3 Except for replacing the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite base material of Example 1 with the fluorocarbon resin of Example 1, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0087] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 5.8 × 10⁻⁶ 13 Ω·cm; breakdown strength 24kV / mm; coating adhesion 3.1MPa; static water contact angle 128°; initial bird deterrence rate 90%; antibacterial rate 98.3%; room temperature curing time 30min; breakdown strength after 5000h of artificial accelerated aging is 22kV / mm, which does not meet the high voltage standard; bird deterrence rate is only 65% ​​after 1 year of natural outdoor use; bird deterrence rate is only 59% after 3 years of natural outdoor use, indicating insufficient long-term bird deterrence effect; bird deterrence rate is only 48% after 5 years of natural outdoor use, indicating a significant decrease in bird deterrence effect.

[0088] Compare with Example 4 Except for the use of silicone rubber to replace silicone resin in the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite matrix, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0089] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 6.8 × 10⁻⁶ 13 Ω·cm; breakdown strength 29kV / mm; adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; water contact angle 118.5°; resistance to neutral salt spray test for 1680h without blistering or rust, resistance to artificial UV aging for 1200h with color difference ΔE=3.86; coating abrasion loss 18.2mg / 1000r; 30d bird repellency rate 83.2%. Compared with Example 1, after replacing silicone resin with silicone rubber, the crosslinking reaction activity of the resin system decreased, the crosslinking density of the coating decreased significantly, and the insulation performance, hydrophobic self-cleaning performance, weather resistance stability and long-term bird repellency all showed significant attenuation, making it impossible to meet the needs of high-voltage insulation and long-term outdoor protection.

[0090] Compare with Example 5 Except for the different preparation method of the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0091] The preparation method of the composite base material of this comparative example is as follows: fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin and organosilicon resin are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:4:3 to form a mixed resin; 2% of the mass of the mixed resin of silane coupling agent KH-560 is added to the mixed resin and mixed evenly at room temperature.

[0092] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 8.2 × 10⁻⁶ 13 Ω·cm; breakdown strength 32kV / mm; adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; water contact angle 121.3°; no blistering or rusting after 1800h of neutral salt spray test; color difference ΔE=3.24 after 1200h of artificial UV aging; coating abrasion loss 16.7mg / 1000r; 30d long-term bird repellency rate 85.7%. Compared with Example 1, the room temperature simple blending preparation method cannot achieve deep cross-linking and chemical bonding between resin molecules, resulting in poor resin interfacial compatibility and insufficient stability of the base material system. This leads to a significant decrease in the coating's insulation performance, mechanical properties, and uniformity, and the overall comprehensive performance is significantly lower than that of Example 1.

[0093] Compare with Example 6 Except for the functional filler, which consists of 12 parts of modified nano boron nitride and 18 parts of silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide (excluding nano silica), the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0094] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 4.5 × 10⁻⁶ 13 Ω·cm; breakdown strength 25kV / mm; adhesion grade 2, pencil hardness H; water contact angle 109.6°; slight pitting occurred after 1440h of neutral salt spray test; color difference ΔE=4.52 after 1200h of artificial UV aging; coating abrasion loss 22.5mg / 1000r; 30d long-term bird repellency rate 80.1%. Compared with Example 1, after removing nano-silica, the nano-filling reinforcement, hydrophobic modification and coating micropore sealing effects of the filler system were significantly weakened, and the coating density, insulation, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and self-cleaning performance were significantly reduced, resulting in insufficient long-term outdoor anti-pollution flashover protection.

[0095] Compare with Example 7 Except for replacing nano-silica with fumed nano-silica in the functional filler, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0096] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 9.1×10 13Ω·cm; breakdown strength 34kV / mm; adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; water contact angle 116.2°; resistance to neutral salt spray test for 1720h without blistering or rust; resistance to artificial UV aging for 1200h with color difference ΔE=3.58; coating abrasion loss 19.4mg / 1000r; 30d long-term bird repellency rate 84.3%. Compared with Example 1, the fumed nano silica has a larger specific surface area and higher surface activity, which easily leads to slight agglomeration and uneven dispersion in the coating system, damaging the microscopic uniformity of the coating. This results in a slight decrease in the coating's hydrophobicity, abrasion resistance, insulation stability, and aging resistance, and the overall protective performance is slightly worse than that of Example 1.

[0097] Compare with Example 8 Except for the fact that the environmentally friendly bird deterrent agent is composed of 2 parts of menthol derivative and 3 parts of eugenol, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0098] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.1×10 14 Ω·cm; Breakdown strength 37kV / mm; Adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; Water contact angle 122.1°; Resistance to neutral salt spray test for 1840h without blistering or rust; Resistance to artificial UV aging for 1200h with color difference ΔE=3.12; Coating abrasion loss 15.9mg / 1000r; Initial bird repellency rate 92.5%, 30d long-term bird repellency rate 79.6%. Compared to Example 1, the environmentally friendly bird repellent additive formula lacks the slow-release component of balsam pollen, relying solely on the combination of menthol derivatives and eugenol. The odor slow-release period is short, and the volatile active components decay rapidly. Although the short-term bird repellency effect is excellent, the long-term bird repellency stability is significantly insufficient, failing to meet the long-term bird protection needs of power equipment.

[0099] Compare with Example 9 Except for the fact that the environmentally friendly bird-repelling additive is composed of 2 parts of menthol derivative and 3 parts of balsam pollen, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0100] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.1×10 14Ω·cm; Breakdown strength 37kV / mm; Adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; Water contact angle 121.8°; Resistance to neutral salt spray test for 1820h without blistering or rust; Resistance to artificial UV aging for 1200h with color difference ΔE=3.18; Coating abrasion loss 16.2mg / 1000r; Initial bird repellency rate 88.3%, 30d long-term repellency rate 82.4%. Compared to Example 1, the environmentally friendly bird repellent formulation lacks the fast-acting repellent component eugenol, and the room-temperature slow-release activity of balsam pollen is weak and its onset of action is slow, resulting in poor initial bird repellency of the coating. Although its long-term stability is better than that of Control Example 5, its bird repellency response speed and overall bird repellency performance are significantly lower than those of the environmentally friendly bird repellent formulation of Example 1.

[0101] Compare with Example 10 Except for the environmentally friendly bird-repellent additive, which consists of 2.5 parts eugenol and 2.5 parts balsam pollen, the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0102] The performance test results are as follows: Volume resistivity 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ 14 Ω·cm; Breakdown strength 38kV / mm; Adhesion grade 1, pencil hardness 2H; Water contact angle 122.5°; Resistance to neutral salt spray test for 1860h without blistering or rust; Resistance to artificial UV aging for 1200h with color difference ΔE=3.05; Coating abrasion loss 15.3mg / 1000r; Initial bird repellency rate 90.7%, 30d long-term repellency rate 85.1%. Compared to Example 1, the environmentally friendly bird repellent additive formula lacks the long-term sustained-release synergistic component of menthol derivative, and the ratio of eugenol to balsam pollen is not balanced enough, failing to achieve synergistic matching of fast-acting and long-term sustained-release components. The overall bird repellency performance and long-term stability are slightly worse than the optimal three-component environmentally friendly bird repellent additive compound system of Example 1.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional insulating and protective coating, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-55 parts modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicon composite base, 25-35 parts functional filler, 3-8 parts environmentally friendly bird-repellent agent, 4-8 parts latent composite curing agent, 1-3 parts superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent, 0.5-2 parts antibacterial and anti-algae agent, 1-2 parts dispersant, 0.5-1.5 parts leveling agent, 0.3-1 part defoamer, and 5-10 parts diluent.

2. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organosilicon composite matrix is ​​prepared by mixing fluorocarbon resin, epoxy resin and organosilicon resin and then adding a silane coupling agent and stirring to react.

3. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional fillers include nano-silica, modified nano-boron nitride, and silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide, with a mass ratio of 1:(1-2):(2-3) between nano-silica, modified nano-boron nitride, and silica-coated rutile titanium dioxide.

4. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmentally friendly bird-repelling additives include menthol derivatives, eugenol, and balsam pollen, with a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-1):(0.5-1).

5. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The latent composite curing agent includes methyl nadic anhydride and microencapsulated imidazole compounds, with a mass ratio of methyl nadic anhydride to microencapsulated imidazole compounds of (3.5-4.5):

1.

6. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The superhydrophobic self-cleaning agent includes polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder and nano silica, with a mass ratio of polytetrafluoroethylene wax powder to nano silica of 1:(1.5-2.5).

7. The multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diluents include xylene and ethyl acetate, with a mass ratio of xylene to ethyl acetate of (1.5-2.5):

1.

8. The method for preparing the multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Add dispersant, leveling agent, and defoamer to the modified fluorocarbon-epoxy-organic silicone composite matrix and stir until well mixed; S2: Add functional filler, heat and stir to make the functional filler evenly dispersed; S3: Add environmentally friendly bird-repellent additives, antibacterial and anti-algae additives and superhydrophobic self-cleaning additives, and stir until well mixed; S4: Add latent composite curing agent and diluent, stir and mix well, then filter to prepare a multifunctional insulating and protective coating.

9. The application of the multifunctional insulating and protective coating according to any one of claims 1-7 in live spraying.

10. The application according to claim 9, characterized in that, The spraying pressure during electrostatic spraying is 0.3-0.5 MPa, the spraying distance is 30-50 cm, the spraying thickness is 80-120 μm, and the curing time at room temperature is 20-30 min.