Gasifier quench chamber and a gasifier

Abstract

The gasification furnace provided by the application comprises an outer shell, a quenching ring and a descending cylinder. The quenching ring comprises a ring-shaped part, a conical part, a quenching water pipe, an outer half-ring pipe and an inner half-ring pipe coaxially arranged inside the descending cylinder. The upper end of the outer half-ring pipe is connected with the inner wall of the ring-shaped part, the lower end is connected with the inner wall of the descending cylinder and a first spray hole is arranged. The upper and lower ends of the inner half-ring pipe are both connected with the inner wall of the descending cylinder, a second spray hole coaxial with the first spray hole is arranged on the inner half-ring pipe, a water outlet hole corresponding to the inner half-ring pipe is arranged on the descending cylinder, and a flow guide pipe is connected with the lower end of the descending cylinder, the upper end of the flow guide pipe penetrates through the descending cylinder and the lower end extends downward and obliquely. The quenching water can enter through the water outlet hole and be sprayed out from the second spray hole, the first spray hole is washed and the probability of blockage is reduced. The water film on the descending cylinder is guided to the accumulated liquid at the bottom of the outer shell in a set rotation direction, the accumulated liquid forms a stable directional cyclone, the fluctuation amplitude of the liquid level is reduced, and the gasification furnace provided by the application has a high operation rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gasifier technology, specifically relating to a gasifier quench chamber and a gasifier. Background Technology

[0002] The quench chamber of the gasifier is a key component of the gasifier. It is mainly used to rapidly cool the high-temperature syngas generated in the combustion chamber to prevent damage to pipelines and equipment, and also performs functions such as washing and slag removal.

[0003] A gasifier quench chamber typically includes: an outer shell, a quench ring and a descending cylinder located inside the outer shell, a bubble-breaking frame located between the descending cylinder and the outer shell, and a slag-blocking frame located at the bottom of the outer shell. The quench ring is used to form a water film for cooling on the inner wall of the descending cylinder. However, the quench water sprayed by the quench ring contains many impurities and fine particles, which can easily clog the nozzles. This can lead to a dry-burning state in the corresponding area of ​​the inner wall of the descending cylinder without a water film. Over time, this can cause the descending cylinder to deform and crack, affecting the cooling effect. Since the nozzles are located on the inner side of the top of the descending cylinder, cleaning is time-consuming and inconvenient. At the same time, due to the presence of a liquid seal, the gas flowing out of the descending cylinder exhibits a periodic pulse flow as it rises along the annular gap between the descending cylinder and the outer shell. This can cause significant fluctuations in the liquid level, affecting the accuracy of liquid level detection, and in severe cases, can even lead to gas leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome one or more disadvantages in the prior art and to provide a gasifier quench chamber and a gasifier.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a gasifier quench chamber, comprising: The outer casing, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the bottom of which is filled with liquid; The quench ring includes an annular component communicating with the slag outlet of the combustion chamber, a conical component connected to the bottom surface of the annular component and gradually tapering downwards, and a quench water pipe inserted into the conical component. A descending cylinder has multiple convex teeth spaced circumferentially at its upper end, which are connected to the bottom surface of the annular component. The lower end of the descending cylinder extends into the accumulated liquid, and the outer wall of the descending cylinder is connected to the lower end of the conical component. The quenching ring also includes an outer semi-ring tube and an inner semi-ring tube coaxially disposed inside the descending cylinder. The upper end of the outer semi-ring tube is connected to the inner wall of the annular component, and the lower end is connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder and has a first spray hole. The upper and lower ends of the inner semi-ring tube are both connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder. A second spray hole coaxial with the first spray hole is opened on the inner semi-ring tube. A water outlet hole corresponding to the inner semi-ring tube is opened on the descending cylinder. A guide tube is connected to the lower end of the descending cylinder. The upper end of the guide tube penetrates the descending cylinder to form a guide port. The lower end of the guide tube extends downward along the outer wall of the descending cylinder at an angle, guiding the water film on the descending cylinder into the accumulated liquid in a set rotation direction.

[0006] Preferably, the water outlet is higher than the second spray hole and lower than the axis of the inner semi-circular pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the second nozzle is one-third to two-thirds of the diameter of the first nozzle.

[0008] Preferably, an annular rib is connected to the inner side of the outer semi-circular tube, and the plane of the annular rib passes through the centerline of the outer semi-circular tube.

[0009] Preferably, a third spray hole is also provided on the inner semi-circular tube, and the third spray hole and the second spray hole are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the axis of the inner semi-circular tube.

[0010] Preferably, the projection of the guide tube in the vertical direction extends along the tangential direction of the descending cylinder, and the inclination angle of the guide tube is 25° to 35°.

[0011] Preferably, the inner diameter of the guide tube is 6% to 10% of the inner diameter of the descending cylinder, and there are at least three guide tubes evenly distributed around the axis of the descending cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the lower end face of the descending cylinder is provided with serrations, and the guide pipe is higher than the serrations.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the outer shell is an inverted cone shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and a slag-blocking frame is provided inside.

[0014] Preferably, a bubble-breaking frame is connected between the outer shell and the descending cylinder.

[0015] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the gasifier quench chamber provided by the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. It enables the chilled water supplied by the chilled water pipe to enter the annular narrow cavity between the outer half-ring pipe and the inner half-ring pipe through the gap between adjacent protrusions, accelerate and be ejected from the first nozzle, and form a water film on the inner wall of the descending cylinder.

[0016] 2. It enables the chilled water supplied by the chilled water pipe to enter the space between the inner semi-circular pipe and the descending cylinder through the water outlet and spray out from the second spray hole to flush the first spray hole and reduce the probability of the first spray hole being blocked.

[0017] 3. It can guide the rapidly descending water film into the accumulated liquid in a set direction through the guide pipe, causing the accumulated liquid to rotate in a directional manner, reducing the fluctuation range of liquid level, and causing the residue to gather towards the center, which facilitates sedimentation.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a gasifier, including the gasifier quench chamber.

[0019] The gasifier has a low probability of clogging the first nozzle, and the residue settles easily, resulting in long maintenance intervals and high uptime. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with a partial cross-sectional view.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the lower part of the descending cylinder.

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top-down view.

[0024] The components are: 1. Combustion chamber; 2. Liquid accumulation chamber; 3. Slag discharge port; 4. Quenching water chamber; 5. Annular narrow cavity; 6. Flushing chamber; 10. Outer shell; 11. Bubble breaking frame; 12. Slag baffle frame; 20. Quenching ring; 21. Annular component; 22. Conical component; 23. Quenching water pipe; 24. Outer semi-annular pipe; 241. First spray hole; 25. Inner semi-annular pipe; 251. Second spray hole; 252. Third spray hole; 26. Annular rib; 30. Descending cylinder; 31. Convex tooth; 32. Water outlet; 33. Guide pipe; 34. Serrated edge; 40. Annular spray pipe; 41. Water inlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In this invention, the direction closer to the centerline of the outer casing is called "inner," and the direction farther from the centerline of the outer casing is called "outer." The "up" and "down" directions in this invention refer to... Figure 1 The up and down directions in the middle.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the gasifier quench chamber provided by the present invention includes: an outer shell 10, a quench ring 20, and a descending cylinder 30; wherein, the top of the outer shell 10 is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber 1, and the bottom of the outer shell 10 contains accumulated liquid 2; the quench ring 20 includes an annular member 21 coaxially connected to the slag outlet 3 of the combustion chamber 1, a conical member 22 coaxially connected to the bottom surface of the annular member 21 and gradually tapering downwards, and quench water pipes 23 inserted into and welded to the conical member 22, wherein there are multiple quench water pipes 23 surrounding the conical member 22. The axis of component 22 is evenly distributed. The end of the quench water pipe 23 away from the conical component passes through the outer casing 10 and extends outward to connect to the quench water supply pipe. The upper end of the descending cylinder 30 is provided with multiple equidistant protrusions 31 along the circumferential direction. The upper end face of the protrusions 31 is welded to the bottom surface of the annular component 21. The lower end of the descending cylinder 30 extends into the liquid accumulation 2. The outer wall of the descending cylinder 30 is welded to the lower end of the conical component 22, so that the descending cylinder 30, the conical component 22 and the annular component 21 surround the quench water chamber 4 located on the outer side. 20 also includes an outer semi-annular tube 24 and an inner semi-annular tube 25 coaxially disposed inside the descending cylinder 30. The upper end of the outer semi-annular tube 24 is connected to the inner wall of the annular component 21, and the lower end is connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder 30. The upper and lower ends of the inner semi-annular tube 25 are both connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder 30, so that an annular narrow cavity 5 is formed between the outer semi-annular tube 24 and the inner semi-annular tube 25, and a flushing cavity 6 is formed between the inner semi-annular tube 25 and the descending cylinder 30. The lower end of the outer semi-annular tube 24 is provided with a first spray hole facing the inner wall of the descending cylinder 30. 241. A second spray hole 251 coaxial with the first spray hole 241 is provided on the inner semi-annular pipe 25. A water outlet hole 32 corresponding to the inner semi-annular pipe 25 is provided on the descending cylinder 30. The correspondence means that the water outlet hole 32 connects the flushing chamber 6 and the chilled water chamber 4. A guide pipe 33 is connected to the lower end of the descending cylinder 30. The upper end of the guide pipe 33 passes through the descending cylinder 30 to form a guide port. The lower end of the guide pipe 33 extends downward along the outer wall of the descending cylinder 30, guiding the water film on the descending cylinder 30 into the accumulated liquid 2 in a set direction of rotation.

[0027] The advantage of this setting is that: 1. The quenching water supplied by the quenching water pipe into the quenching water chamber enters the annular narrow cavity between the outer half-ring pipe and the inner half-ring pipe through the gap between adjacent protrusions, and is accelerated and ejected from the first nozzle, forming a rapidly descending water film on the inner wall of the descending cylinder.

[0028] 2. It enables the chilled water sent into the chilled water chamber through the chilled water pipe to enter the flushing chamber between the inner semi-circular pipe and the descending cylinder through the water outlet and be sprayed out from the second spray hole to flush the first spray hole and reduce the probability of the first spray hole being blocked.

[0029] 3. It can guide the rapidly descending water film into the accumulated liquid in a set direction through the guide pipe, causing the accumulated liquid to rotate in a directional manner, reducing the fluctuation range of the liquid level, and causing the residue in the accumulated liquid to gather towards the center, which facilitates sedimentation.

[0030] To improve the flushing effect, in this embodiment, the water outlet 32 ​​is higher than the second spray hole 251 and lower than the axis of the inner semi-annular pipe 25. The diameter of the second spray hole 251 is half the diameter of the first spray hole 241. To avoid deposition in the annular narrow cavity 5, a third spray hole 252 is further provided on the inner semi-annular pipe 25. The third spray hole 252 and the second spray hole 251 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the axis of the inner semi-annular pipe 25. Since there are two spray holes on the inner semi-annular pipe 25 and the water outlet 32 ​​is not centered, the flow field in the flushing chamber 6 is not uniform. This arrangement can reduce the probability of the second spray hole 251 being blocked to a certain extent.

[0031] To enhance the effect of directional rotation of the accumulated liquid 2, in this embodiment, the projection of the guide pipe 33 in the vertical direction extends along the tangent of the descending cylinder 30, and the inclination angle of the guide pipe 33 is 25° to 35°. This inclination angle refers to the angle between the axis of the guide pipe 33 and the axis of the descending cylinder 30. At the same time, there are four guide pipes 33, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the descending cylinder 30. Since there are particles and cooled residues in the gas in the water film on the inner wall of the descending cylinder 30, the inner diameter of the guide pipe 33 cannot be too small or too large in order to avoid blockage. If it is too large, the impact force of the quenched water flowing out will be insufficient, making it difficult to drive the accumulated liquid 2 to rotate in a directional manner. Preferably, the inner diameter of the guide pipe 33 is 6% to 10% of the inner diameter of the descending cylinder 30. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the guide pipe 33 is 8% of the inner diameter of the descending cylinder 30.

[0032] To improve strength, in this embodiment, an annular rib 26 is connected to the inner side of the outer semi-annular tube 24, and the plane of the annular rib 26 passes through the axis of the outer semi-annular tube 24.

[0033] To further enhance the cooling effect of the flue gas, the gasifier quench chamber also includes an annular spray pipe 40. The annular spray pipe 40 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom of the combustion chamber 1 and is higher than the quench ring 20. The bottom of the annular spray pipe 40 has a nozzle to achieve downward spraying. The annular spray pipe 40 is also connected to a water inlet pipe 41. The end of the water inlet pipe 41 away from the annular spray pipe 40 passes through the outer shell 10 and extends outward.

[0034] To prevent bubbles from rising upwards, in this embodiment, the lower end face of the descending cylinder 30 is provided with serrations 34, and the guide pipe 33 is higher than the serrations 34. Furthermore, a bubble-breaking frame 11 is connected between the outer shell 10 and the descending cylinder 30. The bubble-breaking frame 11 extends circumferentially, and there are four sets of bubble-breaking frames 11 arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0035] To prevent residue from flowing out, in this embodiment, the bottom of the outer shell 10 is an inverted cone shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and a slag baffle 12 is provided inside.

[0036] The gasifier provided by the present invention includes the above-mentioned gasifier quench chamber. The gasifier has a low probability of clogging the first nozzle, and the residue is easy to settle. It has a long maintenance interval and a high uptime.

[0037] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier quench chamber, comprising: The outer casing, the top of which is connected to the bottom of the combustion chamber, and the bottom of which is filled with liquid; The quench ring includes an annular component communicating with the slag outlet of the combustion chamber, a conical component connected to the bottom surface of the annular component and gradually tapering downwards, and a quench water pipe inserted into the conical component. A descending cylinder has multiple convex teeth spaced circumferentially at its upper end, which are connected to the bottom surface of the annular component. The lower end of the descending cylinder extends into the accumulated liquid, and the outer wall of the descending cylinder is connected to the lower end of the conical component. Its features are: The quenching ring also includes an outer semi-ring tube and an inner semi-ring tube coaxially disposed inside the descending cylinder. The upper end of the outer semi-ring tube is connected to the inner wall of the annular component, and the lower end is connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder and has a first spray hole. The upper and lower ends of the inner semi-ring tube are both connected to the inner wall of the descending cylinder. A second spray hole coaxial with the first spray hole is opened on the inner semi-ring tube. A water outlet hole corresponding to the inner semi-ring tube is opened on the descending cylinder. A guide tube is connected to the lower end of the descending cylinder. The upper end of the guide tube penetrates the descending cylinder to form a guide port. The lower end of the guide tube extends downward along the outer wall of the descending cylinder at an angle, guiding the water film on the descending cylinder into the accumulated liquid in a set rotation direction.

2. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet is higher than the second spray hole and lower than the axis of the inner semi-circular pipe.

3. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the second nozzle is one-third to two-thirds of the diameter of the first nozzle.

4. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the outer semi-circular tube is connected to an annular rib plate, and the plane of the annular rib plate passes through the center line of the outer semi-circular tube.

5. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner semi-circular tube is also provided with a third spray hole, which is symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the axis of the inner semi-circular tube with the second spray hole.

6. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the guide tube in the vertical direction extends along the tangent of the descending cylinder, and the inclination angle of the guide tube is 25° to 35°.

7. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the guide tube is 6% to 10% of the inner diameter of the descending cylinder, and there are at least three guide tubes evenly distributed around the axis of the descending cylinder.

8. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end face of the descending cylinder is provided with serrations, and the guide pipe is higher than the serrations.

9. The gasifier quench chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer shell is an inverted cone shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and a slag-blocking frame is provided inside. A bubble-breaking frame is also connected between the outer shell and the descending cylinder.

10. A gasifier, characterized in that: Includes the gasifier quench chamber as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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