High-activity, fly-sowing type artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-activity, air-seeding type artificial blue-green algae crust inoculum and a preparation method and application thereof. The artificial blue-green algae crust inoculum comprises a carrier and desert blue algae, the carrier comprises a combination of a substrate and straw, the substrate comprises clay and sand, the artificial blue-green algae crust inoculum is granular, and the desert blue algae is uniformly mixed in the carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing granular substrate, powdery straw, desert blue algae and water, and then mechanically forming to form the artificial blue-green algae crust inoculum. The preparation method provided by the application realizes batch and standardized production of the inoculum, improves production efficiency and product quality stability, reduces treatment cost, the prepared inoculum is uniform and stable in quality, the field inoculation success rate is improved, and the artificial blue-green algae crust formation effect is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of desertification control technology, specifically relating to a highly active, aerial-seeding type artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Biological soil crusts are an important component of desert ecosystems and an effective means of treating desertification. Among them, cyanobacteria, as pioneer species in crust formation, can bind sand grains by secreting sticky polysaccharides, effectively reducing surface wind erosion and promoting sand surface stability. When their coverage exceeds 15%, they can significantly inhibit sand grain movement, making them the core carrier for ecological restoration of desertified land in arid and semi-arid regions.

[0003] Under natural conditions, cyanobacterial crusts take 10-20 years to form, which is insufficient to meet the urgent needs of large-scale desertification control. Therefore, artificial cultivation of cyanobacterial crusts has become a key technology for efficient desertification control. Currently, artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculation mostly uses liquid algae spraying, but this method relies on electricity and roads, making it difficult to implement in remote desert areas with poor transportation. Furthermore, it is costly to transport and susceptible to wind and sand interference, resulting in low inoculation survival rates.

[0004] Drone-based aerial seeding technology, with its advantages of being unrestricted by terrain, high operational efficiency, and low cost, has become an important means of large-scale desertification control. A single drone can cover an area of ​​2,000 to 3,000 acres per day, which is dozens of times more efficient than manual labor. It can quickly complete large-scale inoculation during the rainy season, significantly improving the efficiency of control. However, existing artificial cyanobacteria inoculants are mostly in liquid or ordinary solid form, which cannot meet the needs of aerial seeding operations: liquid inoculants are inconvenient to transport, easily dispersed by the wind during aerial seeding, and have poor inoculation uniformity; ordinary solid inoculants are not hard enough, easily broken during aerial seeding, and have weak water and fertilizer retention capacity, resulting in low survival rates of cyanobacteria in extreme desert environments.

[0005] Existing solid inoculums suffer from long cultivation cycles, large land requirements, and high collection and transportation costs. Furthermore, they lack specific stress-resistance designs, making them unsuitable for the extreme environments of desert regions, such as high temperatures, drought, and strong ultraviolet radiation, thus hindering the large-scale aerial seeding application of artificial cyanobacterial crust formation technology. In addition, the manual production of artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculums in current technologies suffers from low efficiency, inconsistent quality, and high costs. Therefore, developing a method for producing artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculums that is adaptable to aerial seeding operations, highly resilient, has a high survival rate, and is easy to transport and store, is crucial. This method would address the pain points of existing technologies, such as incompatibility between inoculums and aerial seeding techniques, poor inoculation effects, and limitations on large-scale application. Such development is of significant practical importance for promoting the intelligent and large-scale development of desertification control and improving the efficiency of ecological restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to provide a highly active, aerial-seeding type artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, its preparation method, and its application, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes: The first aspect of the present invention provides a highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, comprising a carrier and desert cyanobacteria, wherein the carrier comprises a combination of a substrate and straw, the substrate comprising clay and sand, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is granular, and the desert cyanobacteria are uniformly mixed in the carrier.

[0008] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, comprising: mixing granular matrix, powdered straw, desert cyanobacteria and water evenly to obtain mixed raw materials, and then mechanically molding them to form an artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum.

[0009] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the aforementioned highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum in the field of desertification control or ecological restoration.

[0010] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for combating desertification, comprising: Provide the aforementioned artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum; By using drone aerial seeding technology, the highly active, aerially seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of desertified land for field inoculation, forming an artificial cyanobacterial crust, thereby achieving the control of desertification.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum provided by this invention has high survival rate of live cyanobacteria and a high success rate of field inoculation. This invention uses a matching water-cooled low-shear cold extrusion molding process and a low-moisture ratio of raw materials to avoid damage to algal cells caused by high temperature, high shear, and excessive moisture. The activity retention rate of cyanobacteria in the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is about 86%~90%, which is much higher than that of conventional solid inoculum. After field inoculation, it can quickly colonize and form a stable cyanobacterial crust in 90~120 days.

[0012] (2) The raw materials selected in this invention are readily available and low-cost materials such as clay and corn stalks, which make up for the waste resources. Moreover, the combination of mechanized production reduces labor costs, the production process is highly standardized, avoids human error in manual production, ensures uniform and stable quality of inoculum, and reduces the overall treatment cost by 30% to 40% compared with manual production, which significantly improves the economy and feasibility of artificial cyanobacteria crusting and sand fixation technology.

[0013] (3) The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum particles provided by the present invention solve the problems of liquid algae drifting and ordinary solid inoculum being easily broken. The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum particles have good morphological fluidity, are not easily broken, and do not clog the aerial seeding hopper. They are not limited by terrain or roads, and are perfectly adapted to intelligent desertification control by drone aerial seeding. The daily operation area of ​​drone aerial seeding is dozens of times that of manual spraying. During the rainy season window, large-scale ecological restoration can be completed quickly. The scale operation efficiency is high and it is suitable for large-scale treatment in remote desert areas without roads.

[0014] (4) The grinding disc of the equipment used in this invention has a variety of selectable apertures (2.5~7mm), which can flexibly adjust the particle size of the inoculum. The multi-gradient particle size of 2.5~7mm and the corresponding differentiated aerial seeding dosage of 800~1200 particles / square meter can adapt to different degrees of desertification and different areas of treatment needs. It has a wide range of applications. For example, small particles (2.5~3mm) are suitable for lightly flat sandy land; large particles (6~7mm) are suitable for severely wind-eroded steep slopes. The bottom of the equipment is equipped with nylon casters for easy movement and can be flexibly deployed in the field.

[0015] (5) The straw fiber and clay in the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculation particles provided by the present invention form a porous structure. After rain or artificial watering, the water can be locked and released slowly. It can also release organic matter through slow decomposition, continuously supporting the expansion of the cyanobacterial community. A stable biological soil crust is formed in 40 to 120 days, which can achieve long-term sand fixation, high crust coverage, and stable and lasting ecological restoration effect. It solves the industry problem of the long formation cycle of natural crust of 10 to 20 years. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, after in-depth research, a highly active, aerial-seeding type artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, its preparation method and application are provided.

[0017] The following will provide a further explanation of the technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles.

[0018] The first aspect of the present invention provides a highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum comprising a carrier and desert cyanobacteria, wherein the carrier comprises a combination of a substrate and straw, the substrate comprising clay and sand, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum being granular, and the desert cyanobacteria being uniformly mixed in the carrier.

[0019] In some implementations, the particle diameter of the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is 2.5~7 mm.

[0020] In some implementations, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum comprises, by weight percentage, 71-74% substrate, 17-19% straw, 0.13-0.15% desert cyanobacteria, and the remainder being water.

[0021] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of clay to sand is 3.5~4:0.9~1.

[0022] In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the substrate to the straw is 0.9~1.1:0.9~1.1.

[0023] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the substrate to straw is 3.8 to 4.2:1.

[0024] In some implementations, the straw includes corn stalks.

[0025] In this invention, straw is not limited to providing organic fertilizer, but also has three core structural functions: (1) As a three-dimensional fiber water-retaining skeleton: Straw fibers are interwoven in the gaps between matrix particles to form micron-level capillary pores, which store water after rainfall and release it slowly, alleviating the stress of water loss due to high temperature during the day in the desert and creating a stable and moist microenvironment for cyanobacteria. (2) Promote the strengthening and toughening of inoculum particles: Fibers are wrapped around clay / sand particles, which improves the overall mechanical strength of the particles under low humidity conditions and greatly reduces the breakage rate during drone seeding. (3) Slow-release carbon source nutrition: The straw cellulose degrades slowly, continuously supplying organic carbon, maintaining the long-term proliferation of Oscillatoria, Pseudobranchia and Cephalotaxus, and avoiding the depletion of nutrients in the short term leading to the decline of the crust.

[0026] Clay mainly serves to bind the substrate and stabilize fertilizer. When clay is hydrated, it produces colloidal viscosity, which firmly binds sand, straw, and cyanobacteria together. It also adsorbs trace elements such as nitrogen and phosphorus, reduces the loss of nutrients by wind and sand leaching, has fertilizer retention and buffering capacity, and continuously supplies the minerals needed for cyanobacteria growth.

[0027] Sand acts as a rigid, breathable framework. Its high hardness and large pores create air channels within the dense clay system, preventing anaerobic and hypoxic conditions inside the particles and ensuring both photosynthesis and aerobic respiration of cyanobacteria. At the same time, it enhances the overall compressibility of the particles, making them less prone to compaction during stacking and aerial seeding.

[0028] The three elements work together to form a three-dimensional interwoven water-retaining network of straw fiber and clay colloid, while sand provides a skeletal and breathable structure, creating a suitable microenvironment for the growth of living desert cyanobacteria.

[0029] In some embodiments, the desert cyanobacteria include a combination of at least two of Oscillatoria, Pseudocladophyta, and Cephalophyta. The cyanobacteria used in this invention are dominant cyanobacterial species adapted to desertified environments, and are controlled to a dry weight state after drying to ensure that the cyanobacteria remain active in the inoculum.

[0030] In some embodiments, the substrate is granular with a particle diameter of no more than 1 mm. For example, the clay and sand particles in the substrate both have a particle diameter of no more than 1 mm. For example, the substrate used in this invention can be clay, specifically fine-grained clay with a particle size of no more than 1 mm, with impurities such as stones and weeds removed to ensure the clay's permeability and dispersibility, thus providing a basic carrier for cyanobacteria growth.

[0031] In some embodiments, the straw is in powder form with a particle size of no more than 0.5 mm. Because straw is rich in cellulose, it enhances the looseness and water retention capacity of the inoculum, while also providing a small amount of nutrients for cyanobacterial growth.

[0032] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, comprising: mixing granular matrix, powdered straw, desert cyanobacteria and water evenly to obtain mixed raw materials, and then mechanically molding them to form an artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum.

[0033] In some embodiments, the mixed raw materials, by weight percentage, comprise 71-74% granular matrix, 17-19% powdered straw, 0.13-0.15% desert cyanobacteria, and the balance being water.

[0034] In some embodiments, the preparation method specifically includes: mixing the granular matrix, powdered straw, and desert cyanobacteria for 5-10 minutes; then adding water and stirring to obtain the mixed raw material.

[0035] Furthermore, the total moisture content of the mixed raw materials does not exceed 10%.

[0036] In some embodiments, the preparation method specifically includes: uniformly adding the mixed raw materials into a pellet mill, driving the pressure roller to rotate, the pressure roller and the grinding disc squeezing each other, and extruding the mixed raw materials from the aperture of the grinding disc to form an artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum; Furthermore, the rotational speed of the pressure roller is 1300~1500 r / min; Furthermore, the diameter of the grinding disc is 2.5~7mm.

[0037] In some more specific embodiments, the preparation method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation: Clay: Select fine-grained clay with a particle size of no more than 1 mm, remove stones, weeds and other impurities to ensure the clay's air permeability and dispersibility, and provide a basic carrier for cyanobacteria growth; Corn stalks: crushed and processed into powder with a particle size of no more than 0.5 mm. Corn stalks are rich in cellulose, which can enhance the looseness and water retention capacity of the inoculum, while providing a small amount of nutrients for the growth of cyanobacteria. Desert cyanobacteria: Select dominant cyanobacteria species adapted to desertification environments, and control them to dry weight after drying to ensure that the cyanobacteria remain active in the inoculum.

[0038] (2) Raw material ratio: The raw materials shall be formulated strictly in accordance with the following ratio to ensure the balance between the carrier performance of the inoculum and the activity of the cyanobacteria. By mass percentage, the mixed raw materials include 71-74% granular matrix, 17-19% powdered straw, 0.13-0.15% desert cyanobacteria, and the balance being water. The volume ratio of the matrix to the straw is 0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1, and the weight ratio of the matrix to the straw is 3.8-4.2:1.

[0039] (3) Mixing and humidifying: Put the prepared clay, corn stalks and desert cyanobacteria into the mixing equipment and stir for 5 to 10 minutes to ensure that the three raw materials are evenly mixed; then slowly add an appropriate amount of water to the mixed raw materials while stirring, and control the total humidity of the raw materials to not exceed 10%, so that the surface of the raw materials is slightly moist and cannot be crushed by hand. Avoid excessive humidity, which will reduce the activity of cyanobacteria or cause the inoculum to stick together, and excessive humidity will prevent the formation.

[0040] (4) Mechanized molding: The mixed and humidified raw materials are evenly added to the heightened feed hopper of the special pellet mill. The raw materials enter the grinding chamber under the action of gravity. The pure copper motor is started. The motor transmits power to the automotive-grade differential through the universal joint drive shaft. After the differential and the water-cooled gearbox adjust the speed, the pressure roller is driven to rotate. The pressure roller and the grinding disc squeeze each other, squeezing the mixed raw materials out of the aperture of the grinding disc to form granular inoculum.

[0041] In step (4), the molding equipment is equipped with a water-cooled gearbox and a water-cooled grinding disc structure, and is equipped with an automotive-grade differential to actively reduce the speed of the drive shaft, which can significantly reduce the frictional shear force between the pressure roller and the raw material. Unlike conventional granulators with no cooling and high speed and high shear design, the mechanical equipment of the present invention can reduce frictional heat generation from the source, and the material temperature is <30°C throughout the molding process, avoiding denaturation and inactivation of cyanobacteria protein caused by high temperature.

[0042] Furthermore, it is equipped with replaceable chromium-molybdenum-titanium alloy grinding discs in multiple sizes from 2.5 to 7 mm, matching the particle size according to the degree of sandification. The die channels are smoothly chamfered to reduce shearing and tearing during raw material extrusion, thereby reducing the algal cell damage rate. Conventional general granulation processes only achieve a cyanobacterial activity retention rate of 50% to 65%; while the cold extrusion low-shear process of this invention can achieve a cyanobacterial activity retention rate of 87% to 90%.

[0043] (5) Finished product collection: The granular inoculum after molding falls naturally through the enlarged discharge port. After collection, it can be used directly for field inoculation or dried and stored at low temperature for later use. The particle diameter of the finished inoculum is 2.5~7mm, which meets the requirements for spreading and sand fixation in field inoculation.

[0044] In the above preparation method, the present invention uses a low-speed water-cooled extrusion granulation process, which limits the mixing humidity to ≤10%, the grinding disc aperture to 2.5~7mm, the raw material particle size classification control (matrix ≤1mm, straw powder ≤0.5mm), the stirring time to 5~10min, and the ratio of matrix to straw to 3.8~4.2:1. The entire set of process parameters is designed specifically for live desert cyanobacteria, avoiding the problem of algal inactivation caused by shearing, high temperature, and high humidity.

[0045] The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum prepared by this invention uses a substrate (clay or sand) and corn stalks as carriers, with desert cyanobacteria as the functional core. Through precise proportioning and process control, the inoculum ensures that it has both good physical stability and cyanobacterial activity. In the subsequent field aerial seeding process, the inoculum particles are graded with a particle size of 2.5~7mm and a differentiated aerial seeding dosage of 800~1200 particles / square meter to match different desertified plots. This solves the technical defects of easy dispersion, breakage, and uneven inoculation of cyanobacterial particles in aerial seeding, and achieves the technical effects of high cyanobacterial activity, high aerial seeding integrity, and high field crust coverage.

[0046] The third aspect of this invention provides the application of the highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum in the field of desertification control or ecological restoration.

[0047] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for combating desertification, comprising: Provide the aforementioned highly active, aerial-seeded artificial cyanobacteria crust inoculum; Using drone seeding technology, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of desertified land for field inoculation, forming an artificial cyanobacterial crust, thereby achieving desertification control.

[0048] In some implementations, the amount of the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum used is 800-1200 per square meter of desertified land.

[0049] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. Where specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in this field. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available. Other unmentioned raw materials and instruments are all conventionally selected and do not involve the core technical means of the present invention.

[0050] For example, the pellet mill used in this embodiment of the invention is a pellet mill model 205.

[0051] Example 1 (1) Raw material preparation: Select fine clay with a particle size ≤1mm and fine sand with a particle size ≤1mm, remove impurities and set aside; crush corn stalks into powder with a particle size ≤0.5mm; select desert dominant cyanobacteria species Oscillatoria and Pseudobranchia, and dry them to dry weight.

[0052] (2) Raw material ratio: According to the ratio of clay:sand mass ratio = 4:1, matrix:corn stalk weight ratio = 4:1, matrix:corn stalk volume ratio = 1:1, weigh 15kg of clay, 3.75kg of sand, and 4.69kg of corn stalks. Then weigh 35g of dry desert cyanobacteria (corresponding to the dosage for 60 square meters of desertified land treatment). The dry weight ratio of Oscillatoria to Pseudobranchia is 1:1.

[0053] (3) Mixing and humidifying: Put the clay, river sand, corn stalks, and desert cyanobacteria into a mixer and mix for 8 minutes until uniformly mixed; then slowly add water while stirring, and finally control the total moisture content of the mixed materials to 8%. The materials should be able to stick together but be loose when squeezed by hand, and the surface should be moist without obvious water stains. The composition is as follows: matrix 73.48 wt%, corn stalks 18.38 wt%, desert cyanobacteria (dry weight) 0.14 wt%, and water 8 wt%.

[0054] (4) Mechanized molding: The mixed raw materials are added to the feed hopper of the special pellet mill of the present invention. A chromium-molybdenum-titanium alloy grinding disc with a hole diameter of 4mm is selected. The equipment is started. The pure copper motor drives the pressure roller to cooperate with the grinding disc. The speed of the pressure roller is set to 1400 r / min. The water-cooled gearbox controls the material temperature to <30 ℃. The raw materials are extruded and molded. During the operation of the equipment, the intelligent electrical box monitors the voltage in real time. There are no abnormal fluctuations. The transmission components have low vibration and low noise.

[0055] (5) Finished product collection: The inoculum is collected by increasing the discharge port. After testing, the diameter of the inoculum particles is between 3.8 and 4.2 mm, the particle integrity rate is >98%, the particles are uniform and loosely structured, and the cyanobacterial activity retention rate is over 90%.

[0056] (6) Field application: The amount of artificial cyanobacteria inoculum used for aerial seeding is 1000 per square meter. The inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of 60 square meters of sandy land, and an appropriate amount of water is sprayed to keep it moist. After 120 days, artificial cyanobacteria crust formation was observed, with a crust coverage rate of 85% and a thickness of 2-3 mm. The wind erosion thickness is <5 mm / year.

[0057] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: (1) Raw material preparation: Same as in Example 1.

[0058] (2) Raw material ratio: Weigh 30kg of clay, 7.5kg of sand, 9.38kg of corn stalks, and 70g of dry desert cyanobacteria (corresponding to the amount used for the treatment of 20 square meters of desertified land), including pseudobranch algae and neem algae. The dry weight ratio of pseudobranch algae and neem algae is 1:1. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] (3) Mixing and humidifying: Stir for 10 minutes until the raw materials are evenly mixed, and add water to adjust the total humidity to 10%. The composition is as follows: substrate 71.89 wt%, corn straw 17.98 wt%, desert cyanobacteria (dry weight) 0.13 wt%, and water 10 wt%.

[0060] (4) Mechanized molding: Select a grinding disc with a hole diameter of 6mm, a rotation speed of 1300 r / min, start the special pellet mill, and the equipment runs continuously for 30 minutes without failure, with stable power output.

[0061] (5) Collection of finished products: The diameter of the collected inoculum particles is 5.8~6.2mm, the particles are intact and there is no obvious breakage, and the activity retention rate of cyanobacteria reaches 88%.

[0062] (6) Field application: The amount of artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum used for aerial seeding is 800 per square meter. It is spread on 20 square meters of sandy land. After 30 days, the coverage rate of cyanobacterial crust reaches 82%, with a thickness of 1.5~2 mm. The wind erosion thickness is <10 mm / year, which effectively curbs wind erosion on steep slopes and the sand fixation effect meets the treatment requirements.

[0063] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: (4) Grinding disc bore diameter 2.5mm; (5) The diameter of the formed particles is 2.5~3.0 mm, and the activity retention rate of cyanobacteria is 90%.

[0064] (6) The amount of artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum used for aerial seeding is 1200 per square meter. The inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of 10 square meters of sandy land and sprayed with an appropriate amount of water to keep it moist. After 120 days, the crust coverage rate is 60-65%, the thickness is about 1-1.5 mm, the wind erosion thickness is <5 mm / year, and the wind erosion rate is <70%. It is suitable for slightly sandy and flat plots.

[0065] Example 4 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: (2) 14.5 kg of clay, 3.6 kg of sand (total substrate 18.1 kg), 4.3 kg of corn stalks (substrate: stalks = 4.2:1), 35 g of cyanobacteria, with the dry weight ratio of Oscillatoria to Pseudobranchia being 1:1.

[0066] (3) The total moisture content of the raw materials is controlled at 10%; including 72.61 wt% of matrix, 17.25 wt% of corn straw, 0.14 wt% of desert cyanobacteria (dry weight), and 10 wt% of water.

[0067] (4) The grinding disc bore diameter is 7mm, and the rotation speed is 1300 r / min; (5) The diameter of the formed particles is about 6.8~7.0 mm; the activity retention rate of cyanobacteria is 86%.

[0068] (6) The amount of artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum used for aerial seeding is 800 per square meter. The inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of 10 square meters of sandy land and sprayed with an appropriate amount of water to keep it moist. After 120 days, the crust coverage rate is 25-30%, the thickness is about 2.0-2.5 mm, the wind erosion thickness is <15 mm / year, which is suitable for steep slopes with severe wind erosion and sandification.

[0069] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no corn stalk powder is added; only clay, river sand, and desert cyanobacteria are used for molding. The remaining processes and raw material ratios are the same as in Example 1.

[0070] The formed particles are dense and have poor water retention, with only 62% of the cyanobacteria activity remaining. After 120 days of inoculation in the field, the crust coverage rate is only 8-13%, and the particles are largely dispersed after being washed away by wind and sand, making it impossible to stabilize the sand.

[0071] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that liquid algae solution was used for spraying inoculation, without particulate carriers, and the same amount of algae was sprayed onto 10 square meters of sand. The remaining processes and raw material ratios are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] After spraying, the algal solution is dispersed by the wind, resulting in uneven distribution of algae on the ground. Under high temperature and drought, the algae quickly lose water and die. After 120 days, only a few thin crusts form, with a coverage rate of less than 3-5%, and no actual sand-fixing capacity.

[0073] Comparative Example 3 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the straw particle size is 1 mm and the substrate clay particle size is 1.5 mm. The remaining processes and raw material ratios are the same as in Example 1.

[0074] After mixing and molding, the particles are prone to stratification and breakage. The breakage rate during aerial seeding exceeds 40%, resulting in the loss of attached blue-green algae. After 25 days, the crust coverage rate is only 15-18%, and the treatment effect is greatly reduced.

[0075] Comparative Example 4 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no clay is added; only river sand, corn stalks, and desert cyanobacteria are used for molding. The remaining processes and raw material ratios are the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Because there was no clay, the granular inoculum could not be formed, and artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum could not be obtained.

[0077] Comparative Example 5 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no river sand is added, and only clay, corn stalks and desert cyanobacteria are used for molding. The rest of the process and raw material ratio are the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Although artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum can be formed, the formed inoculum particles are dense and have poor air permeability, with a cyanobacterial activity retention rate of only 55%. After 120 days in the field, the crust coverage rate is about 20%, and the particles are prone to caking and cracking, with wind erosion thickness >12 mm / year, resulting in substandard sand fixation effect. In addition, the present invention also conducted experiments with other raw materials, process operations, and process conditions described in this specification, referring to the aforementioned embodiments, and obtained relatively ideal results in all cases.

[0079] Although the invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various other changes, omissions, and / or additions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that elements of the embodiments can be substituted with substantially equivalents. Furthermore, many modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention to adapt particular situations or materials to the teachings of the invention. Therefore, this invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed for carrying out the invention, but rather is intended to encompass all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, unless specifically stated otherwise, any use of the terms first, second, etc., does not indicate any order or importance, but is used to distinguish one element from another.

Claims

1. A highly active, aerial-seeding type artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum, characterized in that, include: The carrier and desert cyanobacteria, wherein the carrier comprises a combination of a substrate and straw, the substrate comprising clay and sand, the artificial cyanobacteria crust inoculum is granular, and the desert cyanobacteria are uniformly mixed in the carrier.

2. The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle diameter of the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is 2.5~7mm; And / or, by mass percentage, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum comprises 71-74% matrix, 17-19% straw, 0.13-0.15% desert cyanobacteria, and the balance being water.

3. The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of clay to sand is 3.5~4:0.9~1; And / or, the volume ratio of the substrate to the straw is 0.9~1.1:0.9~1.1; And / or, the weight ratio of the substrate to the straw is 3.8 to 4.2:

1.

4. The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straw includes corn stalks; And / or, the desert cyanobacteria include a combination of at least two of Oscillatoria, Pseudobranchia, Sylvatica, and Nostoc.

5. The artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​granular, and the particle diameter is no greater than 1 mm; And / or, the straw is in powder form with a particle size not greater than 0.5 mm.

6. The method for preparing the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The granular matrix, powdered straw, desert cyanobacteria, and water are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed raw material, which is then mechanically shaped to form an artificial cyanobacteria crust inoculum.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: By mass percentage, the mixed raw materials comprise 71-74% granular matrix, 17-19% powdered straw, 0.13-0.15% desert cyanobacteria, and the remainder is water; And / or, the preparation method specifically includes: mixing the granular matrix, powdered straw, and desert cyanobacteria for 5-10 minutes; then adding water and stirring to obtain the mixed raw material; Preferably, the total moisture content of the mixed raw materials does not exceed 10%; And / or, the preparation method specifically includes: uniformly adding the mixed raw materials into a pellet mill, driving the pressure roller to rotate, the pressure roller and the grinding disc squeezing each other, and extruding the mixed raw materials from the aperture of the grinding disc to form an artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum; Preferably, the rotational speed of the pressure roller is 1300~1500 r / min; Preferably, the diameter of the grinding disc is 2.5~7 mm.

8. The application of the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to any one of claims 1-5 in the field of desertification control or ecological restoration.

9. A method for combating desertification, characterized in that, include: Provide an artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum according to any one of claims 1-5; Using drone seeding technology, the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum is evenly spread on the surface of desertified land for field inoculation, forming an artificial cyanobacterial crust, thereby achieving desertification control.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The amount of the artificial cyanobacterial crust inoculum used is 800-1200 per square meter of desertified land.