Nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611384021.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
AI Technical Summary
[0004]由于镍铝青铜合金高温强度较低，利用铸件余热直接淬火处理会导致铸件变形及开裂发生，必须利用合适的工装约束防止铸件变形及开裂发生
1、为了使工装能在铸件成形过程中，同铸件牢固结合成一体，本发明开创性的在工装内部设计了镶嵌柱结构，所述镶嵌柱结构包括沿轴向依次连接的螺杆、紧固及限位挡板、焊合圆柱。使用时将工装预埋入砂型内，所述焊合圆柱表面镀镍，用于防止表面锈蚀，避免与浇注铜液发生反应影响铸件质量，以及利用镍与铜互为固溶体的特性，使铸件凝固后铜与镍界面形成稳定的固溶体。浇注时的铜液包覆焊合圆柱不仅实现了机械镶嵌，同时也实现了焊合圆柱表面与铸件的钎焊连接，从而把工装与铸件固定成一体。铸件凝固后，可利用的余热在高于930℃时直接进行淬火处理避免γ2相析出，提高铸件的综合性能。
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Figure CN122979580A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal casting technology, and in particular to a pre-embedded and integrally formed quenching tooling for casting nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hubs. Background Technology
[0002] Nickel-aluminum bronze (CuAl9Fe4NiMn2) alloys mainly precipitate two phases: the β phase and the γ2 phase. The β phase, the most prevalent precipitate, is an intermetallic compound of Fe and Ni, precipitating from the β phase at approximately 930℃. The β phase is generally considered beneficial, improving strength, hardness, and wear resistance. The γ2 phase, an Al-rich intermetallic compound, severely deteriorates the alloy's corrosion resistance and toughness, making it a harmful precipitate and the primary corrosion source for propeller hubs. Furthermore, when the β phase does not fully transform at high temperatures, a metastable β' phase remains, which is hard, brittle, and has poor corrosion resistance, easily becoming corrosion pits.
[0003] For smaller castings, high-temperature solution treatment followed by quenching can easily eliminate harmful γ2 phases, control β' phase content, and obtain fine k phases, thus optimizing the overall performance of the casting. However, for large (e.g., over 10 tons) nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub castings, there is a lack of corresponding heat treatment equipment, and as-cast propeller hub castings have been used. The slow cooling after casting leads to the precipitation of harmful γ2 phases and metastable β' phases. The presence of these harmful γ2 phases and metastable β' phases will inevitably harm the propeller hub's resistance to seawater corrosion and its service life. For large propeller hub castings, utilizing the residual heat after casting to directly quench at temperatures above 930℃ to prevent γ2 phase precipitation is a significant approach. This would address the lack of large-scale heat treatment equipment and reduce the energy consumption of secondary solution heating treatments.
[0004] Because nickel-aluminum bronze alloys have low high-temperature strength, direct quenching using the residual heat of the casting can lead to deformation and cracking. Appropriate tooling is necessary to prevent these issues. However, installing tooling after the casting has been removed from the sand causes heat loss and cooling, potentially missing the temperature range that inhibits γ2 phase precipitation. Therefore, a tooling system that can be firmly integrated with the casting process is needed, allowing for rapid quenching of the tooled casting immediately after removal from the sand. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above, the present invention provides a pre-embedded and integrally formed quenching tooling for casting nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hubs. An inlaid column structure is set on the inner surface of the tooling, and then the tooling is assembled with the casting model. One end of the inlaid column structure is plated with nickel. Taking advantage of the solid solution properties of nickel and copper, the tooling and the casting are firmly welded together after the casting solidifies, so that the casting can be quickly quenched after sand removal.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling, comprising a tooling body and an inlay column structure; The tooling body is embedded inside the outer sand mold and covers the outside of the casting cavity of the outer sand mold; The inlaid column structure comprises multiple columns, installed on the inner surface of the tooling body; it includes a screw, a fastening and limiting baffle, and a welded cylinder connected sequentially along the axial direction; the screw is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the tooling body; the diameter of the fastening and limiting baffle is larger than the diameter of the screw and the welded cylinder, one side of the fastening and limiting baffle is connected to the inner surface of the tooling body, and the other side is connected to the forming space of the external casting mold, used for transmitting torque and axial limiting; the surface of the welded cylinder is nickel-plated, located in the casting cavity of the external sand mold, used for welding and fixing to the casting after the casting solidifies.
[0007] Furthermore, the tooling body includes a top structural layer and constraint legs; The constraint legs are multiple and arranged in a first circumferential array along the edge of the bottom surface of the top structural layer, and are perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface of the top structural layer. The screw is threadedly connected to the top structural layer or the constraint leg; the fastening and limiting baffle is connected to the top structural layer or the constraint leg on the side near the screw.
[0008] Furthermore, the tooling body also includes a lifting ring, which is connected to the center of the top surface of the top structural layer and is used by a robotic arm to grasp and lift the tooling.
[0009] Furthermore, the top structural layer and the constraint leg are welded together using argon arc welding or laser welding.
[0010] Furthermore, the top structural layer is a cross beam, and the constraint legs are four rectangular columns, each connected to one end of the cross beam.
[0011] Furthermore, the inlaid column structure comprises 16 columns, including 4 columns arranged in a second circular array on the bottom surface of the cross beam, and 4 columns arranged in a third circular array, a fourth circular array, and a fifth circular array, corresponding one-to-one with the constraint legs. The pitch circles of the third, fourth, and fifth circular arrays are parallel and aligned, equal in size, and arranged sequentially along the length of the constraint legs.
[0012] Furthermore, the fastening and limiting baffle is hexagonal.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling described in this invention are: 1. To ensure the tooling is firmly integrated with the casting during the casting process, this invention innovatively incorporates an embedded column structure within the tooling. This embedded column structure includes a screw, a fastening and limiting baffle, and a welded cylinder connected sequentially along the axial direction. During use, the tooling is pre-embedded in the sand mold. The welded cylinder is nickel-plated to prevent surface corrosion, avoid reaction with the poured copper molten copper affecting casting quality, and utilize the solid solution properties of nickel and copper to form a stable solid solution at the copper-nickel interface after solidification. The molten copper coating the welded cylinder during pouring not only achieves mechanical embedding but also brazing the surface of the welded cylinder to the casting, thus fixing the tooling and casting together. After solidification, the residual heat can be used for direct quenching at temperatures above 930°C to prevent γ2 phase precipitation and improve the overall performance of the casting.
[0014] 2. The inlaid column structure of the present invention includes a screw, a fastening and limiting baffle, and a welded cylinder connected sequentially along the axial direction. After the casting is quenched, the welded cylinder is cut to separate the tooling from the casting. Then, the remaining inlaid column structure is completely removed by using the fastening and limiting baffle. When the tooling is used subsequently, a new inlaid column structure is reinstalled to achieve the reuse of the tooling body. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front view of a nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling as described in this invention. Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a front view of the inlaid column structure described in this invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the inlaid column structure described in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling pre-embedded in a sand mold, as described in this invention. In the diagram: 1. Lifting ring; 2. Top structural layer; 3. Restraining leg; 4. Inlaid column structure; 41. Screw; 42. Fastening and limiting baffle; 43. Welded cylinder; 5. Sand box, 6. Sand mold, 7. Casting cavity. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
[0017] Example 1, see Figure 1-6 This embodiment describes a nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded integrated forming quenching tooling, including a tooling body and an inlaid column structure 4; The tooling body is embedded inside the outer sand mold and covers the outside of the casting cavity of the outer sand mold; Multiple inlaid column structures 4 are installed on the inner surface of the tooling body. Each structure includes a screw 41, a fastening and limiting baffle 42, and a welded cylinder 43 connected sequentially along the axial direction. The screw 41 is threaded to the inner surface of the tooling body for easy assembly and disassembly. The diameter of the fastening and limiting baffle 42 is larger than the diameters of the screw 41 and the welded cylinder 43. One side of the fastening and limiting baffle 42 is connected to the inner surface of the tooling body, and the other side is connected to the forming space of the external casting mold, used for transmitting torque and axial limiting. The welded cylinder 43 is nickel-plated and located inside the casting cavity of the external sand mold, utilizing the solid solution properties of nickel and copper to weld and fix it to the casting after solidification.
[0018] The tooling body includes a lifting ring 1, a top structural layer 2, and a restraint leg 3; The lifting ring 1 is connected to the center of the top surface of the top structural layer 2; The constraint legs 3 are multiple, arranged in a first circumferential array along the edge of the bottom surface of the top structural layer 2, and are perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface of the top structural layer 2. The screw 41 is threadedly connected to the top structural layer 2 or the constraint leg 3; the fastening and limiting baffle 42 is connected to the top structural layer 2 or the constraint leg 3 on the side near the screw 41.
[0019] Preferably, the top structural layer 2 and the constraint leg 3 are welded together by argon arc welding or laser welding. Preferably, the top structural layer 2 is a crossbeam used to support the weight of the propeller hub, and the constraint legs 3 are four rectangular columns, which are connected one-to-one to the ends of the crossbeam.
[0020] Preferably, there are 16 inlaid column structures 4 in total, including 4 arranged in a second circumferential array on the bottom surface of the cross beam, and 4 arranged in a third circumferential array, a fourth circumferential array, and a fifth circumferential array respectively, corresponding one-to-one with the constraint legs 3; the pitch circles of the third, fourth, and fifth circumferential arrays are parallel and aligned, equal in size, and arranged sequentially along the length direction of the constraint legs 3.
[0021] Preferably, the fastening and limiting baffle 42 is hexagonal, which facilitates installation and removal using a wrench.
[0022] The material of the nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded integrated forming quenching tool is heat-resistant steel, preferably ZG40Cr28Ni48W5Si2 heat-resistant steel.
[0023] Preferably, the surface of the welded cylinder 43 is plated with nickel using chemical plating or electroplating processes to prevent corrosion of the surface of the welded cylinder 43, which would cause it to react with the molten copper during casting and affect the quality of the casting; and to utilize the property that nickel and copper are solid solutions to form a stable solid solution at the interface of copper and nickel after the casting solidifies, which plays the role of brazing and firmly welds the tooling and the casting together.
[0024] The working principle of this invention is as follows: (Refer to the attached document) Figure 6 The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integral forming quenching tooling of the present invention is pre-embedded in the sand mold 6 in the sand box 5 and covered outside the casting cavity 7 to form a casting model. The outer wall of the casting cavity 7 is provided with process boss cavities corresponding one-to-one with the welded cylinder 43, and the welded cylinder 43 passes through the process boss cavity. Using the above casting model to pour nickel-aluminum bronze alloy solution for anti-gravity casting, due to the solid solution properties of nickel and copper, after the casting solidifies, it is welded and fixed to the tooling. The residual heat after casting is used to directly quench the casting at a temperature above 930°C to improve the overall performance of the casting. After quenching, the tooling is cut and separated from the casting. Then, the remaining inlaid column structure 4 is completely removed by fastening and limiting baffle 42. When the tooling is used later, the new inlaid column structure 4 is reinstalled to realize the reuse of the tooling body.
[0025] The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling described in this invention can be widely used in copper alloy solution casting, and is not limited to the nickel-aluminum bronze alloy solution.
[0026] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.
Claims
1. A nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting, pre-embedded, integrally formed, and quenched tooling, characterized in that, Includes the tooling body and the inlaid column structure (4); The tooling body is embedded inside the outer sand mold and covers the outside of the casting cavity of the outer sand mold; The inlaid column structure (4) consists of multiple components installed on the inner surface of the tooling body. It includes a screw (41), a fastening and limiting baffle (42), and a welded cylinder (43) connected sequentially along the axial direction. The screw (41) is threadedly connected to the inner surface of the tooling body. The diameter of the fastening and limiting baffle (42) is larger than the diameters of the screw (41) and the welded cylinder (43). One side of the fastening and limiting baffle (42) is connected to the inner surface of the tooling body, and the other side is connected to the forming space of the external casting model, which is used to transmit torque and limit axial movement. The surface of the welded cylinder (43) is nickel-plated and located in the casting cavity of the external sand mold, which is used to weld and fix it to the casting after the casting solidifies.
2. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling body includes a top structural layer (2) and constraint legs (3); The constraint legs (3) are multiple, arranged in a first circumferential array along the edge of the bottom surface of the top structure layer (2), and are perpendicularly connected to the bottom surface of the top structure layer (2); The screw (41) is threadedly connected to the top structural layer (2) or the constraint leg (3); the fastening and limiting baffle (42) is connected to the top structural layer (2) or the constraint leg (3) on the side near the screw (41).
3. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tooling body also includes a lifting ring (1), which is connected to the center of the top surface of the top structural layer (2).
4. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top structural layer (2) and the constraint leg (3) are welded together by argon arc welding or laser welding.
5. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top structural layer (2) is a cross beam, and the constraint legs (3) are four rectangular columns, which are connected to the ends of the cross beam one by one.
6. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are a total of 16 inlaid column structures (4), including 4 arranged in a second circumferential array on the bottom surface of the cross beam, and 4 arranged in a third circumferential array, a fourth circumferential array, and a fifth circumferential array, which correspond one-to-one with the constraint legs (3). The pitch circles of the third, fourth, and fifth circumferential arrays are parallel and aligned, equal in size, and arranged sequentially along the length direction of the constraint legs (3).
7. The nickel-aluminum bronze propeller hub casting pre-embedded inlay integrated forming quenching tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fastening and limiting baffle (42) is a regular hexagon.