A method for extracting multiple metal elements from tantalum-niobium-containing minerals and a screening apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a method for extracting multiple metal elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals and a screening device, and relates to the field of tantalum, niobium, aluminum and lithium preparation. The method for extracting multiple metal elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals comprises the following steps: S1, sequentially drying, crushing and screening the tantalum and niobium-containing minerals by using a screening device to obtain tantalum and niobium-containing powder; S2, uniformly mixing the tantalum and niobium-containing powder with potassium hydroxide at a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3, and then roasting to obtain a roasting product. The method for extracting multiple metal elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals provided by the application avoids the use of hydrofluoric acid, significantly reduces environmental pollution and safety risks in the production process, and at the same time, relies on the original tantalum and niobium alkali fusion-extraction main line process unchanged, so that the synchronous recovery of lithium and aluminum valuable metals can be realized, the integrated extraction of tantalum, niobium, lithium and aluminum multi-metals can be realized, the associated valuable components in the ore can be fully recovered, the single tantalum and niobium extraction mode is abandoned, and the comprehensive utilization value of the mineral resources is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tantalum, niobium, aluminum and lithium preparation, and in particular to a method and screening equipment for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals. Background Technology

[0002] Tantalum and niobium, as key strategic metals, are widely used in high-tech fields such as microelectronics, defense, aerospace, and the manufacture of high-strength low-alloy steel.

[0003] In existing technologies, the extraction of tantalum and niobium mainly relies on hydrofluoric acid (HF) leaching, but this process presents serious material handling and safety issues, and also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, developing a fluorine-free, environmentally friendly, and efficient extraction process for tantalum, niobium, and other metallic elements is of significant practical importance.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and screening equipment for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum and niobium-containing minerals, solving the problem that the current extraction of tantalum and niobium mainly relies on hydrofluoric acid leaching, which easily causes environmental pollution.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. The tantalum-niobium-containing minerals are dried, crushed, and sieved using a sieve to obtain tantalum-niobium-containing powder.

[0008] S2. Mix tantalum-niobium powder with potassium hydroxide in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 until homogeneous, and then calcine to obtain the calcined product;

[0009] S3. Mix the calcined product with deionized water, stir and leach, and filter to obtain an alkaline tantalum-niobium-containing leachate.

[0010] S4. Add calcium hydroxide suspension to alkaline tantalum-niobium leaching solution, stir, let stand, and filter to obtain tantalum-niobium precipitate and lithium filtrate.

[0011] S5. Mix the tantalum-niobium precipitate with oxalic acid solution and leach, then filter to obtain the leachate;

[0012] S6. The leachate was extracted with the Aliquat336-sulfonated kerosene system to obtain the tantalum-niobium loaded organic phase and the raffinate aqueous phase. Niobium was back-extracted sequentially with the oxalic acid-nitric acid system and tantalum with the nitric acid-ammonium nitrate system. The pH of the back-extract was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to precipitate hydroxides. After calcination, tantalum pentoxide and niobium pentoxide were obtained.

[0013] S7. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4 and further process it to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate product.

[0014] S8. Take the remaining aqueous phase from S6 and further process it to obtain the alumina product.

[0015] 2. The method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation of battery-grade lithium carbonate in step S7 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S71. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4, heat it to 80~90℃, add lime milk and flocculant, stir and let it settle, then filter to obtain lithium-rich alkaline solution.

[0017] S72. Carbon dioxide is introduced into the lithium-rich alkaline solution to neutralize excess potassium hydroxide, and the pH of the system is adjusted to 10.0~11.0. Then the temperature is raised to 90~95℃, and high-purity carbon dioxide is continuously introduced while stirring thoroughly. The reaction is carried out at a constant temperature to precipitate lithium carbonate crystals.

[0018] S73. Filter and separate lithium carbonate precipitate and mother liquor at 85-90℃, and then wash the filter cake with deionized water at 80-85℃.

[0019] S74. The washed lithium carbonate filter cake is dried, roasted, cooled and pulverized in sequence to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate finished product.

[0020] Preferably, in S2, tantalum-niobium powder and potassium hydroxide are mixed evenly in a ratio of 1:2.

[0021] Preferably, the preparation of the alumina product in S8 specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S81. Take the raffinate from S6 and heat it to 90~95℃. Then adjust the pH of the system to 5.5~7.0 to precipitate aluminum hydroxide flocculent precipitate. After standing and settling, filter to separate the aluminum hydroxide wet residue and oxalic acid-containing filtrate. Wash the aluminum hydroxide filter cake with pure water.

[0023] S82. The obtained aluminum hydroxide filter cake is placed in a high-temperature calcination environment of 1100~1200℃ to fully decompose it. After cooling and pulverizing, the finished aluminum oxide product is obtained.

[0024] Preferably, the oxalic acid-containing filtrate from step S81 is taken and the oxalic acid is recovered through acidification, extraction, concentration and purification.

[0025] The present invention also provides a screening device for use in step S1 of the method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum-niobium minerals, comprising: a support platform, wherein two mounting plates are symmetrically installed on the top of the support platform;

[0026] A screening assembly, the screening assembly being mounted on the support platform;

[0027] A guide pre-separation assembly includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, multiple screen plates, and multiple U-shaped barriers. Each screen plate is equipped with a U-shaped barrier, and adjacent screen plates are fixedly connected by the U-shaped barriers. Among adjacent screen plates, the upper part of the upper screen plate is aligned with the lower part of the lower screen plate. The two sides of a U-shaped barrier are rotatably mounted on two mounting plates via the driven shaft and the drive shaft, respectively.

[0028] A drive unit, wherein the drive unit is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate;

[0029] A feeding structure is mounted on top of the mounting plate and suspended above the guide pre-dividing assembly.

[0030] Preferably, the feeding structure includes a mounting cover, a feeding pipe, and multiple guide plates. The mounting cover is installed on the top of the mounting plate, the feeding pipe is connected to the top of the mounting cover, and the multiple guide plates divide the feed inlet of the feeding pipe into multiple feeding channels, wherein each feeding channel is aligned with each screen plate.

[0031] Preferably, the drive shaft includes a connecting shaft and a drive tube, the drive tube is mounted through and rotatably on a mounting plate, one end of the connecting shaft is mounted on a U-shaped enclosure, and the other end passes through the drive tube, and insertion holes are aligned on the connecting shaft and the drive tube;

[0032] Among them, a vibration cover is fixed on the U-shaped enclosure, the vibration cover is sleeved on one end of the drive tube, and multiple arc-shaped protrusions are spaced apart on both sides of the inner wall of the vibration cover. Two vibration rods are installed on the drive tube at a preset angle, and rolling elements are installed on opposite sides of the two vibration rods. One rolling element abuts against the arc-shaped protrusion, and the other rolling element is located between two adjacent arc-shaped protrusions.

[0033] The driving device drives the driving tube to rotate. When it is necessary to drive the screen plate to rotate, a pin is inserted into the socket to connect the driving tube and the connecting shaft. The guide plate is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure through a connector.

[0034] Preferably, the screening equipment further includes a movable support rail and a sliding plate. The sliding plate is mounted on the mounting plate. The movable support rail includes a slide rail, a slide rod, a lifting cylinder, and a connecting block. The slide rail and the sliding plate are located on both sides of the drive shaft and below the corresponding screen plates. The slide rod is mounted on the mounting plate via a fixing block, and the top end of the slide rod passes through the slide rail. The lifting cylinder is mounted on the mounting plate via a mounting block, and the output end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the movable support rail via a connecting block. The bottom of each of the multiple screen plates is equipped with pulleys, and the multiple pulleys slide into the movable support rail and the sliding plate respectively.

[0035] Preferably, the screening equipment further includes a transmission structure, which includes a transmission plate, an arc frame, and a pin. One end of the transmission plate is connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the transmission plate is suspended below the drive shaft. The arc frame is slidably mounted on the other end of the transmission plate and is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft. The pin is mounted on the top of the arc frame and suspended above the insertion hole.

[0036] When the pin is inserted to the preset depth of the socket, the center of the arc frame coincides with the center line of the connecting shaft.

[0037] Compared with related technologies, the method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] This invention provides a method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals. This invention avoids the use of hydrofluoric acid, significantly reduces environmental pollution and safety risks during the production process, and has a simple process flow and mild operating conditions. The wastewater generated by this invention is easy to treat, and some potassium can be recycled for agricultural fertilizer production, thus improving resource utilization.

[0039] Meanwhile, relying on the existing tantalum-niobium alkali fusion-extraction main process, without significantly modifying the production equipment and processes, the synergistic recovery of valuable metals such as lithium and aluminum can be achieved simultaneously. The transformation is low-difficulty, realizing the integrated extraction of multiple metals such as tantalum, niobium, lithium and aluminum, fully recovering the associated valuable components in the ore, abandoning the single tantalum and niobium extraction model, and greatly improving the comprehensive utilization value of minerals. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the steps involved in preparing battery-grade lithium carbonate;

[0042] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the steps involved in preparing alumina products;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the screening equipment provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of the screening equipment from another perspective;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the guide pre-division component provided by the present invention, wherein, Figure 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of the sieve plate in the screening guide state. Figure 6 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the screen plate handling unqualified materials after tilting and screening;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the assembly state of the pin and the socket provided by the present invention, wherein... Figure 7 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram with the pin positioned above the drive tube. Figure 7 (b) A schematic diagram showing the state in which the pins are sequentially inserted into the top of the drive tube and the insertion hole on the connecting shaft;

[0047] Figure 8 A partial cross-sectional view of the guide pre-division assembly provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0049] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the vibration shroud is provided for the present invention.

[0050] Numbering on the map:

[0051] 1. Support platform;

[0052] 2. Screening assembly; 21. Screen; 22. Conveying chute; 23. Elastic connector; 24. Vibrating motor; 211. Discharge channel; 25. Guide chute;

[0053] 3. Guide pre-sorting assembly; 31. Screen plate; 32. U-shaped enclosure; 33. Drive shaft; 34. Driven shaft; 35. Return spring; 36. Vibration cover;

[0054] 331. Connecting shaft; 332. Drive tube; 333. Insertion hole; 334. Vibration rod; 335. Rolling element; 361. Arc-shaped protrusion; 311. Pulley;

[0055] 4. Drive unit; 41. Mounting bracket; 42. Drive motor; 43. Main gear; 44. Driven gear; 411. Positioning block; 412. Positioning pin;

[0056] 5. Mounting plate; 51. Strip hole;

[0057] 6. Feeding structure; 61. Mounting cover; 62. Feeding pipe; 63. Connecting parts; 64. Guide plate; 631. U-shaped frame; 632. Connecting plate;

[0058] 7. Transmission structure; 71. Transmission plate; 72. Limiting rod; 73. Arc frame; 74. Pin; 711. Positioning groove;

[0059] 8. Movable support rail; 81. Slide rail; 82. Slide rod; 83. Lifting cylinder; 84. Connecting block; 9. Slide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] This invention provides a method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals.

[0062] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. The tantalum-niobium-containing minerals are dried, crushed, and sieved using a sieve to obtain tantalum-niobium-containing powder.

[0064] S2. Mix tantalum-niobium powder with potassium hydroxide in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 until homogeneous, and then calcine to obtain the calcined product;

[0065] S3. Mix the calcined product with deionized water, stir and leach, and filter to obtain an alkaline tantalum-niobium-containing leachate.

[0066] S4. Add calcium hydroxide suspension to alkaline tantalum-niobium leaching solution, stir, let stand, and filter to obtain tantalum-niobium precipitate and lithium filtrate.

[0067] S5. Mix the tantalum-niobium precipitate with oxalic acid solution and leach, then filter to obtain the leachate;

[0068] S6. The leachate was extracted with the Aliquat336-sulfonated kerosene system to obtain the tantalum-niobium loaded organic phase and the raffinate aqueous phase. Niobium was back-extracted sequentially with the oxalic acid-nitric acid system and tantalum with the nitric acid-ammonium nitrate system. The pH of the back-extract was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to precipitate hydroxides. After calcination, tantalum pentoxide and niobium pentoxide were obtained.

[0069] S7. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4 and further process it to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate product.

[0070] S8. Take the remaining aqueous phase from S6 and further process it to obtain the alumina product.

[0071] This invention avoids the use of hydrofluoric acid, significantly reducing environmental pollution and safety risks during the production process. The process is simple, the operating conditions are mild, the wastewater generated by the process is easy to treat, and some potassium can be recycled for agricultural fertilizer production, thus improving resource utilization.

[0072] Meanwhile, relying on the existing tantalum-niobium alkali fusion-extraction main process, without significantly modifying the production equipment and processes, the synergistic recovery of valuable metals such as lithium and aluminum can be achieved simultaneously. The transformation is low-difficulty, realizing the integrated extraction of multiple metals such as tantalum, niobium, lithium and aluminum, fully recovering the associated valuable components in the ore, abandoning the single tantalum and niobium extraction model, and greatly improving the comprehensive utilization value of minerals.

[0073] Aliquat336 is methyltrioctylammonium chloride.

[0074] One specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

[0075] The particle size of the tantalum-niobium powder in S1 is 74–150 μm;

[0076] In S2, tantalum-niobium powder and potassium hydroxide are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 1:2, and then placed in a high-temperature furnace for calcination at 450°C for 2 hours to obtain the calcined product.

[0077] In S3, the calcined product and deionized water were mixed at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 40 mL: 1 g, and the mixture was stirred and leached at room temperature for 1 h. After filtration, an alkaline tantalum-niobium-containing leachate was obtained.

[0078] In S4, calcium hydroxide suspension was added to the alkaline tantalum-niobium leaching solution, and the molar ratio of Ca / (Ta+Nb) was controlled at 1.2. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min to remove some impurities, allowed to stand for 10 min, and filtered to obtain tantalum-niobium precipitate and lithium-containing filtrate.

[0079] In step S5, the tantalum-niobium precipitate is mixed with 0.63M oxalic acid solution and leached for 1 hour at 70°C. The mixture is then filtered to obtain the leachate. This step is for further purification and to remove most of the calcium and other impurities.

[0080] In step S6, Aliquat 336 extractant and sulfonated kerosene diluent are added to the leachate at a ratio of 1:1. The mixture is shaken for 15 minutes and then separated to obtain a tantalum-niobium-containing organic phase and a raffinate aqueous phase. The tantalum-niobium-containing organic phase can be back-extracted for niobium using a mixed solution of oxalic acid and nitric acid, and for tantalum using a mixed solution of nitric acid and ammonium nitrate. The niobium-back-extracted solution and the tantalum-back-extracted solution can be adjusted to pH 6.5-7.5 with ammonia water and further calcined to prepare tantalum pentoxide and niobium pentoxide. Specifically, niobium hydroxide is calcined at 800-900℃ to generate niobium pentoxide, and tantalum hydroxide is calcined at 900-1000℃ to generate tantalum pentoxide.

[0081] Please see Figure 2 The preparation of battery-grade lithium carbonate in S7 specifically includes the following steps:

[0082] S71. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4, heat it to 80~90℃, add lime milk and flocculant, stir and let it settle, then filter to obtain lithium-rich alkaline solution; filter to remove residual silicate, aluminate and phosphate and other impurities.

[0083] S72. Carbon dioxide is introduced into the lithium-rich alkaline solution to neutralize excess potassium hydroxide, and the pH of the system is adjusted to 10.0~11.0 to control the weak alkalinity of the system and prevent lithium from precipitating prematurely. The excess caustic alkali is preferentially converted into carbonate. Then the temperature is raised to 90~95℃, and high-purity carbon dioxide is continuously introduced and stirred thoroughly. The reaction is carried out at a constant temperature to precipitate lithium carbonate crystals.

[0084] S73. Filter at 85-90℃ to separate lithium carbonate precipitate and mother liquor, then wash the filter cake with deionized water at 80-85℃ to remove soluble impurities such as potassium and sodium salts.

[0085] S74. The washed lithium carbonate filter cake is dried, roasted, cooled and pulverized in sequence to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate finished product.

[0086] The lithium precipitation tailings are mainly composed of potassium salts, which can be returned to the S2 alkali fusion process to replace part of the KOH, thereby realizing the recycling of alkali resources and reducing the cost of auxiliary materials.

[0087] Preferably, in S2, tantalum-niobium powder and potassium hydroxide are mixed evenly in a ratio of 1:2.

[0088] Please see Figure 3 The preparation of the alumina product in S8 specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S81. Take the raffinate from S6 and heat it to 90~95℃. Then adjust the pH of the system to 5.5~7.0 to precipitate aluminum hydroxide flocculent precipitate. After standing and settling, filter to separate the aluminum hydroxide wet residue and oxalic acid-containing filtrate. Wash the aluminum hydroxide filter cake with pure water.

[0090] S82. The obtained aluminum hydroxide filter cake is placed in a high-temperature calcination environment of 1100~1200℃ to fully decompose it. After cooling and pulverizing, the finished aluminum oxide product is obtained.

[0091] Take the oxalic acid-containing filtrate from step S81 and recover the oxalic acid through acidification, extraction, concentration and purification.

[0092] The recovered oxalic acid is directly returned to step S5, enabling the oxalic acid leaching process to be reused and significantly reducing the amount of oxalic acid purchased externally.

[0093] The present invention also provides a screening device for use in step S1 of a method for extracting multiple metal elements from tantalum-niobium minerals. This method is not limited to step S1 of the present invention; it can also be used in steps S74 and S82 of the present invention for screening pulverized lithium carbonate and alumina to remove unqualified particle sizes, or for screening other particulate materials.

[0094] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 A screening device includes: a support 1, wherein two mounting plates 5 are symmetrically installed on the top of the support 1;

[0095] Screening assembly 2, which is mounted on the support 1;

[0096] The guide pre-sorting assembly 3 includes a drive shaft 33, a driven shaft 34, multiple screen plates 31, and multiple U-shaped barriers 32. Each screen plate 31 is equipped with a U-shaped barrier 32. Adjacent screen plates 31 are fixedly connected by the U-shaped barriers 32. Among adjacent screen plates 31, the upper part of the upper screen plate 31 is aligned with the lower part of the lower screen plate 31. The two sides of a U-shaped barrier 32 are respectively rotatably mounted on two mounting plates 5 through the driven shaft and the drive shaft 33.

[0097] Drive device 4, the drive device 4 being used to drive the drive shaft 33 to rotate;

[0098] The feeding structure 6 is installed on the top of the mounting plate 5 and suspended above the guide pre-dividing assembly 3.

[0099] In this invention, the screening component 2 includes a screen 21, a conveying chute 22, multiple elastic connectors 23, and a vibration motor 24. The two ends of the screen 21 are elastically mounted on the support 1 through the multiple elastic connectors 23. The two sides of the conveying chute 22 are mounted on the bottom of the screen 21 through fixing plates. The vibration motor 24 is mounted on the bottom of the conveying chute 22. The screen 21 and the conveying chute 22 are both slightly inclined (3~10°) and in opposite directions, that is, the discharge ends of the screen 21 and the conveying chute 22 are opposite. The discharge end of the screen 21 is provided with a discharge channel 211 and a guide chute 25, which can guide the screened material to a preset collection container. The end of the discharge channel 211 facing the guide chute 25 is set lower to facilitate discharge.

[0100] In this design, the diameter of the sieve holes on the sieve plate 31 is larger than that of the sieve mesh 21, thus enabling pre-screening. Multiple sieve plates 31 are inclined and positioned above the sieve mesh 21, allowing them to nearly cover it. Combined with the sieve holes on the sieve plates 31, this ensures that tantalum and niobium powders, etc., can be more evenly distributed onto the sieve mesh 21 after being pre-screened by the multiple sieve plates 31. This maximizes the utilization of each screening section of the sieve mesh 21. In contrast, with traditional sieve mesh 21, where material enters from one end and is screened under vibration, less material reaches the side of the sieve mesh 21 furthest from the feed end, resulting in low utilization and material concentration at one end. This makes the sieve holes in that area more prone to clogging and wear. The guide pre-screening component 3 fully utilizes each screening section of the sieve mesh 21, while the guide frame performs the first coarse screening, improving the efficiency of slurry screening.

[0101] The material screened by the sieve plate 31 is blocked by the U-shaped barrier 32. After screening is completed, as... Figure 6 Middle (a) to Figure 6 In step (b), the drive device 4 drives the guide pre-sorting component 3 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the opening side of the U-shaped enclosure 32 faces downward. At this time, the material that is screened out enters the screen 21 through the opening side of the U-shaped enclosure 32 by gravity. The vibration motor 24 continues to work, and the material screened on the screen 21 enters the discharge channel 211 and finally enters the guide slide 25 for discharge. This facilitates the discharge of larger diameter particles screened out by the guide pre-sorting component 3.

[0102] The number of sieve plates 31 and U-shaped barriers 32 is 2 to 4, and in this embodiment there are two.

[0103] Among them, an abutment post is horizontally installed on the inner side of the mounting plate 5, and a rubber and plastic cotton sleeve is fitted on the abutment post, such as Figure 6In (b), when multiple screen plates 31 rotate so that the opening of the U-shaped enclosure 32 faces downward, the screen plate 31 located at the bottom abuts against the abutting column. The drive device 4 can reciprocate slightly, causing the screen plate 31 to act against the abutting column, thereby causing the screen plate 31 to vibrate and allowing the screened particles to be discharged better.

[0104] The screen 21 has a frame on its side to prevent material from rolling out from the side of the screen 21. The frame has an opening at the position corresponding to the guide slide 25. The qualified products screened by the screen 21 fall into the conveying slide 22 for discharge.

[0105] The elastic connector 23 includes a guide post, a spring, and a connecting sleeve. The guide post is installed on the support 1, one end of the connecting sleeve is installed on the frame of the screen 21, the connecting sleeve is sleeved on the guide post, the spring is sleeved on the guide post and located between the connecting sleeve and the support 1, and the connecting sleeve and the guide post are clearance fit, thereby meeting the vibration requirements of the screen 21.

[0106] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the feeding structure 6 includes a mounting cover 61, a feeding pipe 62, and a plurality of guide plates 64. The mounting cover 61 is mounted on the top of the mounting plate 5, and the feeding pipe 62 is connected to the top of the mounting cover 61. The plurality of guide plates 64 divide the feed inlet of the feeding pipe 62 into a plurality of feeding channels, wherein each feeding channel is aligned with each of the screen plates 31.

[0107] The material enters the feeding pipe 62 through the discharge end of the conveying equipment, and then the guide plate 64 guides the material to enter each screen plate 31 through multiple feeding channels. Thus, by setting multiple guide plates 64 below the feeding pipe 62, the material can be poured into each screen plate 31 more evenly.

[0108] In this embodiment, since there are three sieve plates 31 and two corresponding guide plates 64, the feed inlet of the feed pipe 62 is divided into three feed channels; the drive shaft 33 is preferably connected to the U-shaped enclosure 32 located on the middle sieve plate 31.

[0109] In other embodiments, the feeding structure 6 may be omitted, and a conveyor belt may be used, with its discharge end extending directly above the three screen plates 31. The width of the conveyor belt is greater than the maximum value of the distance between the tops of the three screen plates 31, so that the material can enter the three screen plates 31 accordingly.

[0110] Please see Figures 7 to 9As an optional embodiment, the drive shaft 33 includes a connecting shaft 331 and a drive tube 332. The drive tube 332 is mounted through and rotatably on the mounting plate 5. One end of the connecting shaft 331 is mounted on a U-shaped enclosure 32, and the other end is mounted through the drive tube 332. Insertion holes 333 are aligned on the connecting shaft 331 and the drive tube 332.

[0111] Among them, a vibration cover 36 is fixed on the U-shaped enclosure 32. The vibration cover 36 is sleeved on one end of the drive tube 332. Multiple arc-shaped protrusions 361 are spaced apart on both sides of the inner wall of the vibration cover 36. Two vibration rods 334 are installed on the drive tube 332 at a preset angle. Rolling elements 335 are installed on opposite sides of the two vibration rods 334. One rolling element 335 abuts against the arc-shaped protrusion 361, and the other rolling element 335 is located between two adjacent arc-shaped protrusions 361.

[0112] The driving device 4 drives the driving tube 332 to rotate. When it is necessary to drive the screen plate 31 to rotate, the pin 74 is inserted into the insertion hole 333 to connect the driving tube 332 and the connecting shaft 331. The guide plate 64 is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure 32 through the connector 63.

[0113] Among them, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the initial state, the insertion holes 333 on the connecting shaft 331 and the drive tube 332 are aligned.

[0114] When the sieve plate 31 is in the state of screening and guiding the material, the pin 74 is separated from the insertion hole 333, and at this time the drive tube 332 and the connecting shaft 331 can rotate relative to each other.

[0115] The drive device 4 drives the drive tube 332 to rotate, and the drive tube 332 drives two vibrating rods 334 to rotate accordingly. When one vibrating rod 334 drives the rolling element 335 from the arc-shaped protrusion 361 to the recessed area between adjacent arc-shaped protrusions 361, the other vibrating rod 334 moves from the recessed area of ​​the adjacent arc-shaped protrusion 361 on the other side of the inner wall of the vibrating cover 36 to the arc-shaped protrusion 361, and they move alternately in sequence. Thus, the two vibrating rods 334 drive the rolling element 335 to act alternately with the arc-shaped protrusions 361 on both sides of the inner wall of the vibrating cover 36, thereby pushing the U-shaped enclosure 32 to vibrate in the horizontal direction. The U-shaped enclosure 32 drives the screen plate 31 to vibrate synchronously, thereby vibrating the material and improving the screening efficiency. In addition, the U-shaped enclosure 32 drives the guide plate 64 to vibrate back and forth in the horizontal direction through the connecting piece 63, thereby avoiding the blockage of the material when passing through the inlet of the feed channel separated by multiple guide plates 64.

[0116] In this embodiment, the driven tube 34 passes through the corresponding mounting plate 5 and can move relative to it in the horizontal direction. The U-shaped enclosure 32 and the mounting plates 5 on both sides are spaced apart to meet the distance required for horizontal vibration.

[0117] When the screen plate 31 needs to clean up the unqualified products after screening, the pin 74 is inserted into the insertion hole 333 on the drive tube 332 and the connecting shaft 331 to connect the drive tube 332 and the connecting shaft 331. At this time, when the drive device 4 drives the drive tube 332 to rotate, the pin 74 drives the connecting shaft 331 to rotate synchronously. That is, the U-shaped baffle 32 drives the screen plate 31 to rotate synchronously to complete the discharge work. After the screen plate 31 rotates back to its original position, the pin 74 is pulled out.

[0118] In this embodiment, the drive device 4 includes a mounting bracket 41, a drive motor 42, a main gear 43, and a driven gear 44. The drive motor 42 is mounted on the mounting plate 5 through the mounting bracket 41, the main gear 43 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 42, and the driven gear 44 is mounted on the drive tube 332. The main gear 43 meshes with the driven gear 44.

[0119] Each time, the drive motor 42 drives the driven gear 44 to make an integer number of revolutions through the main gear 43, so that after each screening, the insertion hole 333 on the connecting shaft 331 and the drive tube 332 are aligned again, which facilitates the subsequent assembly of the pin 74 with the insertion hole 333.

[0120] Please refer to the following: Figure 8 and Figure 9 Multiple arc-shaped protrusions 361 are arranged around both sides of the inner wall of the vibration cover 36. The rolling element 336 on the vibration rod 334 passes through the concave area formed between each arc-shaped protrusion 361 and the adjacent arc-shaped protrusion 361 in turn.

[0121] The rolling element 335 includes a mounting shaft and a ball bearing. The ball bearing is embedded at one end of the mounting shaft, and the other end of the mounting shaft is fixed to the vibrating rod 334. An elastic element is provided between the ball bearing and the mounting shaft, so that there is a small movement distance between the ball bearing and the mounting shaft (much smaller than the diameter of the arc-shaped protrusion 361). This allows for a certain degree of fault tolerance in the synchronicity of the action of the two vibrating rods 334 on the rolling element 335 and the arc-shaped protrusion 361 or the area between adjacent arc-shaped protrusions 361.

[0122] In this embodiment, there are two connectors 63. Each connector 63 includes a U-shaped frame 631 and a connecting plate 632. The two ends of the U-shaped frame 631 pass through the mounting cover 61 and are fixedly connected to the two guide plates 64. One end of the connecting plate 632 is connected to the U-shaped frame 631, and the other end is attached to the U-shaped enclosure 32 (preferably with a gap). The two connecting plates 632 of the two connectors 63 are located on both sides of the U-shaped enclosure 32. Thus, the U-shaped enclosure 32 drives the guide plate 64 to vibrate back and forth by reciprocatingly pushing the corresponding connecting plate 632. At the same time, it does not affect the rotation of the screen plate 31 and the U-shaped enclosure 32 to pour out impurities.

[0123] Alternatively, a connector 63 can be set up to connect the connecting plate 632 to the corresponding U-shaped enclosure 32 with bolts, etc. When the screen plate 31 is rotated, the bolts can be removed to unlock it.

[0124] The preset angle between the two vibration rods 334 and the center of the vibration cover 36 is 45~180°.

[0125] Preferably, a return spring 35 is fitted on the driven shaft 34 and located between the mounting plate 5 and the corresponding U-shaped barrier 32. The elastic effect of the return spring 35 is used to improve the stability of the screen plate 31 when the U-shaped barrier 32 drives it to vibrate.

[0126] Please see Figures 4 to 6 In this embodiment, the screening equipment further includes a movable support rail 8 and a slide plate 9. The slide plate 9 is mounted on the mounting plate 5. The movable support rail 8 includes a slide rail 81, a slide rod 82, a lifting cylinder 83, and a connecting block 84. The slide rail 81 and the slide plate 9 are located on both sides of the drive shaft 33 and below the corresponding screen plate 31. The slide rod 82 is mounted on the mounting plate 5 by a fixing block, and the top end of the slide rod 82 passes through the slide rail 81. The lifting cylinder 83 is mounted on the mounting plate 5 by a mounting block, and the output end of the lifting cylinder 83 is connected to the movable support rail 8 by the connecting block 84. The bottom of each of the multiple screen plates 31 is equipped with pulleys 311, and the multiple pulleys 311 slide into the movable support rail 8 and the slide plate 9 respectively.

[0127] Two slide rails 81 and two slide plates 9 are provided for each slide rail 81. Each of the corresponding screen plates 31 has pulleys 311 on both sides of its bottom. The two slide rails 81 and two slide plates 9 are used to support the bottom sides of the corresponding screen plates 31. A strip-shaped hole 51 is provided on the mounting plate 5. The connecting block 84 passes through the strip-shaped hole 51, with one end connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder 83 and the other end connected to the slide rail 81. The top end of the slide rod 82 passes through the slide rail 81 near the end of the mounting plate 5.

[0128] When the sieve plate 31 is performing screening and guiding work, the two sieve plates 31 located on both sides of the drive shaft 33 are supported and limited by the movable support rail 8 and the sliding plate 9, so as to ensure the stability of the sieve plate 31 when performing screening and guiding work, and to ensure that the sieve plate 31 will not rotate axially when vibrating.

[0129] When the sieve plate 31 finishes screening and the unqualified products are poured out, the lifting cylinder 83 drives the movable support rail 8 to descend through the connecting block 84, so that it has a sufficient distance from the sieve plate 31, thus not affecting the rotation of the sieve plate 31.

[0130] The number of lifting cylinders 83 can be two or one. When there are two, the two lifting cylinders 83 are used to lift the two slide rails 81 respectively. When there is one, the two slide rails 81 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod.

[0131] The lifting cylinder 83 can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push cylinder.

[0132] Please see Figure 7 As an optional embodiment, the screening device further includes a transmission structure 7, which includes a transmission plate 71, an arc frame 73, and a pin 74. One end of the transmission plate 71 is connected to the connecting block 84, and the other end of the transmission plate 71 is suspended below the drive shaft 33. The arc frame 73 is slidably mounted on the other end of the transmission plate 71 and is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft 33. The pin 74 is mounted on the top of the arc frame 73 and suspended above the insertion hole 333.

[0133] When the pin 74 is inserted to a preset depth into the socket 333, the center of the arc frame 73 coincides with the center line of the connecting shaft 331.

[0134] After the sieve plate 31 completes the screening and guiding process, when it is necessary to unload the unqualified products after screening, the lifting cylinder 83 lowers the slide rail 81 to separate it from the sieve plate 31. At the same time, it drives the transmission plate 71 to descend. The transmission plate 71 drives the pin 74 to descend through the arc frame 73, so that the pin 74 is inserted into the preset depth of the insertion hole 333 of the drive tube 332 and the connecting shaft 331. Figure 7 (b); and at this time, the center of the arc frame 73 coincides with the center line of the connecting shaft 331;

[0135] When the drive device 4 drives the drive tube 332 to rotate, it drives the connecting shaft 331 to rotate synchronously through the pin 74, that is, the U-shaped enclosure 32 drives the screen plate 31 to rotate synchronously; at this time, the pin 74 drives the arc frame 73 to rotate accordingly.

[0136] After unloading is completed and the screen plate 31 rotates back to its original state, the lifting cylinder 83 raises the slide rail 81 again to support the corresponding screen plate 31. At the same time, the arc frame 73 is raised through the transmission plate 71 to separate the pin 74 from the connecting shaft 331 and the drive tube 332.

[0137] Thus, by using the lifting cylinder 83 to drive the slide rail 81 to support the screen plate 31 or to separate it from the screen plate 31, the state of the drive device 4 can be switched, namely, the state of driving the vibration of the screen plate 31 and the guide plate 64, and the state of driving the screen plate 31 to rotate and tilt the unqualified material under screening.

[0138] The transmission plate 71 is provided with a connecting sleeve at the top, and the bottom end of the arc frame 73 passes through the connecting sleeve, thereby forming a sliding fit with the transmission plate 71.

[0139] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 7 Preferably, the transmission structure 7 also includes a limiting rod 72, the top end of which is fixed to the bottom of the transmission plate 71, and the bottom end of which passes through the connecting block 84; at the same time, a positioning block 411 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting bracket 41, and a positioning groove 711 is provided at the bottom of the transmission plate 71, with the positioning groove 711 aligned with the positioning block 411.

[0140] When the lifting cylinder 83 lowers the slide rail 81, it simultaneously drives the transmission plate 71 to descend as well. When the positioning groove 711 is fitted onto the positioning block 411, the bottom end of the pin 74 passes through the top insertion hole 333 of the drive tube 332 and enters the insertion hole 333 of the connecting shaft 331. At this time, the center of the arc frame 73 coincides with the center line of the connecting shaft 331. Figure 7 In (b), at this time, the lifting cylinder 83 can continue to descend, and the connecting block 84 can drive the slide rail 81 to descend.

[0141] Therefore, it is not necessary to make the pin 74 and the slide rail 81 descend to the same height, which can reduce the diameter of the arc frame 73 and simplify the structure;

[0142] A positioning post 412 is installed on the top of the inner wall of the mounting bracket 41, and a positioning groove 711 is opened at the top of the pin 74. When the pin 74 is separated from the drive tube 332, the positioning post 412 is inserted into the pin 74. Figure 7 (a); thus, the pin 74 can be limited, preventing the arc frame 73 from causing the pin 74 to deflect and misalign with the socket 333.

[0143] When the positioning groove 711 is fitted onto the positioning block 411, the positioning post 412 separates from the pin 74.

[0144] In other embodiments, the pin 74 can also be manually assembled or disassembled from the socket 333. In this case, a thread can be provided in the socket 333 on the drive tube 332 or the connecting shaft 331, and a corresponding thread can be provided on the pin 74 to form a threaded connection.

[0145] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The tantalum-niobium-containing minerals are dried, crushed, and sieved using a sieve to obtain tantalum-niobium-containing powder. S2. Mix tantalum-niobium powder with potassium hydroxide in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:3 until homogeneous, and then calcine to obtain the calcined product; S3. Mix the calcined product with deionized water, stir and leach, and filter to obtain an alkaline tantalum-niobium-containing leachate. S4. Add calcium hydroxide suspension to alkaline tantalum-niobium leaching solution, stir, let stand, and filter to obtain tantalum-niobium precipitate and lithium filtrate. S5. Mix the tantalum-niobium precipitate with oxalic acid solution and leach, then filter to obtain the leachate; S6. The leachate was extracted with the Aliquat336-sulfonated kerosene system to obtain the tantalum-niobium loaded organic phase and the raffinate aqueous phase. Niobium was back-extracted sequentially with the oxalic acid-nitric acid system and tantalum with the nitric acid-ammonium nitrate system. The pH of the back-extract was adjusted to 6.5-7.5 to precipitate hydroxides. After calcination, tantalum pentoxide and niobium pentoxide were obtained. S7. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4 and further process it to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate product. S8. Take the remaining aqueous phase from S6 and further process it to obtain the alumina product.

2. The method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of battery-grade lithium carbonate in S7 specifically includes the following steps: S71. Take the lithium-containing filtrate from S4, heat it to 80~90℃, add lime milk and flocculant, stir and let it settle, then filter to obtain lithium-rich alkaline solution. S72. Carbon dioxide is introduced into the lithium-rich alkaline solution to neutralize excess potassium hydroxide, and the pH of the system is adjusted to 10.0~11.

0. Then the temperature is raised to 90~95℃, and high-purity carbon dioxide is continuously introduced while stirring thoroughly. The reaction is carried out at a constant temperature to precipitate lithium carbonate crystals. S73. Filter and separate lithium carbonate precipitate and mother liquor at 85-90℃, and then wash the filter cake with deionized water at 80-85℃. S74. The washed lithium carbonate filter cake is dried, roasted, cooled and pulverized in sequence to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate finished product.

3. The method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S2 contains tantalum-niobium powder and potassium hydroxide mixed evenly in a 1:2 ratio.

4. The method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the alumina product in S8 specifically includes the following steps: S81. Take the raffinate from S6 and heat it to 90~95℃. Then adjust the pH of the system to 5.5~7.0 to precipitate aluminum hydroxide flocculent precipitate. After standing and settling, filter to separate the aluminum hydroxide wet residue and oxalic acid-containing filtrate. Wash the aluminum hydroxide filter cake with pure water. S82. The obtained aluminum hydroxide filter cake is placed in a high-temperature calcination environment of 1100~1200℃ to fully decompose it. After cooling and pulverizing, the finished aluminum oxide product is obtained.

5. The method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum- and niobium-containing minerals according to claim 4, characterized in that, Take the oxalic acid-containing filtrate from step S81 and recover the oxalic acid through acidification, extraction, concentration and purification.

6. A screening device, characterized in that, Step S1 of the method for extracting multiple metallic elements from tantalum-niobium minerals as described in any one of claims 1-5 includes: a support, wherein two mounting plates are symmetrically mounted on the top of the support; A screening assembly, the screening assembly being mounted on the support platform; A guide pre-separation assembly includes a drive shaft, a driven shaft, multiple screen plates, and multiple U-shaped barriers. Each screen plate is equipped with a U-shaped barrier, and adjacent screen plates are fixedly connected by the U-shaped barriers. Among adjacent screen plates, the upper part of the upper screen plate is aligned with the lower part of the lower screen plate. The two sides of a U-shaped barrier are rotatably mounted on two mounting plates via the driven shaft and the drive shaft, respectively. A drive unit, wherein the drive unit is used to drive the drive shaft to rotate; A feeding structure is mounted on top of the mounting plate and suspended above the guide pre-dividing assembly.

7. The screening equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feeding structure includes a mounting cover, a feeding pipe, and multiple guide plates. The mounting cover is installed on top of the mounting plate, and the feeding pipe is connected to the top of the mounting cover. The multiple guide plates divide the feed inlet of the feeding pipe into multiple feeding channels, wherein each feeding channel is aligned with each screen plate.

8. The screening equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive shaft includes a connecting shaft and a drive tube. The drive tube is mounted through and rotatably on a mounting plate. One end of the connecting shaft is mounted on a U-shaped enclosure, and the other end passes through the drive tube. Insertion holes are aligned on the connecting shaft and the drive tube. Among them, a vibration cover is fixed on the U-shaped enclosure, the vibration cover is sleeved on one end of the drive tube, and multiple arc-shaped protrusions are spaced apart on both sides of the inner wall of the vibration cover. Two vibration rods are installed on the drive tube at a preset angle, and rolling elements are installed on opposite sides of the two vibration rods. One rolling element abuts against the arc-shaped protrusion, and the other rolling element is located between two adjacent arc-shaped protrusions. The driving device drives the driving tube to rotate. When it is necessary to drive the screen plate to rotate, a pin is inserted into the socket to connect the driving tube and the connecting shaft. The guide plate is detachably connected to the U-shaped enclosure through a connector.

9. The screening equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a movable support rail and a sliding plate. The sliding plate is mounted on the mounting plate. The movable support rail includes a slide rail, a slide rod, a lifting cylinder, and a connecting block. The slide rail and the sliding plate are located on both sides of the drive shaft and below the corresponding screen plates. The slide rod is mounted on the mounting plate by a fixing block, and the top end of the slide rod passes through the slide rail. The lifting cylinder is mounted on the mounting plate by a mounting block, and the output end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the movable support rail by a connecting block. The bottom of each of the multiple screen plates is equipped with pulleys, and the multiple pulleys slide into the movable support rail and the sliding plate respectively.

10. The screening equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a transmission structure, which includes a transmission plate, an arc frame and a pin. One end of the transmission plate is connected to the connecting block, and the other end of the transmission plate is suspended below the drive shaft. The arc frame is slidably mounted on the other end of the transmission plate and is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft. The pin is mounted on the top of the arc frame and suspended above the insertion hole. When the pin is inserted to the preset depth of the socket, the center of the arc frame coincides with the center line of the connecting shaft.

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