Yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding material and manufacturing method and application thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing a nuclear shielding material and a manufacturing method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of nuclear engineering materials. The yttrium-based alloy comprises 0.5-25% of Re according to the weight ratio, and the balance is Y and inevitable impurities. The matrix structure of the alloy is Y, the grain size is 10-70 mu m, and YRe2 particles are distributed at the grain boundaries. The added Re in the alloy can improve the thermal neutron absorption capacity, the YRe2 particles formed by Re and Y can refine the grains, prevent stress concentration during the hydrogenation of the alloy, and reduce the cracking risk. The neutron shielding material manufactured by using the alloy is high-temperature resistant, has good neutron shielding performance, and is suitable for new nuclear facilities such as micro reactors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear engineering, specifically relating to an alloy used in the manufacture of nuclear shielding materials, its manufacturing method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Microreactors possess advantages such as high power density, lightweight, portability, and inherent safety, making them a promising new type of reactor with significant application value in aerospace, defense, and emergency rescue fields. The miniaturization of reactors also places more stringent demands on their shielding materials, requiring them to meet conditions such as high temperature resistance, low density, and high shielding efficiency. Shielding materials used in conventional reactors such as pressurized water reactors cannot meet the design requirements of microreactors. Currently, metal hydrides with good neutron moderation capabilities and thermal stability are considered ideal choices for advanced nuclear shielding materials. Among them, yttrium hydride (YH2) not only has excellent nuclear shielding performance but also maintains good thermal stability and structural strength at 900℃, demonstrating promising application prospects. However, the grain size of currently achievable yttrium alloys can reach hundreds of micrometers, making them prone to stress concentration and cracking during hydrogenation. Furthermore, yttrium's thermal neutron shielding ability is insufficient, and adding boron (B), which has better thermal neutron absorption capabilities, for grain refinement can lead to irradiation swelling. Therefore, providing a yttrium-based alloy that is not prone to cracking during hydrogenation and has good thermal neutron absorption capacity is of positive significance for improving the performance of nuclear shielding materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials, reducing the risk of cracking during the hydrogenation process. This invention also provides a method for manufacturing the yttrium-based alloy, a method for using the yttrium-based alloy to manufacture nuclear shielding materials, and a nuclear shielding material.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials is provided, the alloy comprising 0.5%-25% Re by weight, with the balance being Y and unavoidable impurities; the matrix structure of the yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials is Y, the grain size of the matrix structure is 10μm-70μm, and YRe2 particles are distributed at its grain boundaries.

[0005] This alloy material has advantages such as fine grains, good strength and toughness, and corrosion resistance. Yttrium-based alloys have a low density, and the yttrium hydride formed after hydrogenation has a high decomposition temperature and good absorption capacity for fast neutrons. The YRe2 compound formed by Y and Re has a high melting point and can accumulate at the grain boundaries during alloy solidification to refine the grains, thereby preventing cracking of the alloy matrix during hydrogenation. Re also has a high neutron absorption cross section, which can further improve the material's shielding ability against neutrons and gamma rays. At the same time, the presence of Re can also improve the material's corrosion resistance.

[0006] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials contains, by weight, 0.5%-25% Re, no more than 20% Gd, and / or no more than 20% Dy, with the balance being Y and unavoidable impurities. Gd and Dy can improve the shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy against thermal neutrons and gamma rays.

[0007] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the Re content is 0.5%-10% by weight, the Gd content is no more than 10%, and the Dy content is no more than 10%. Controlling the content of Gd and Dy helps to improve the processing performance of the material.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a yttrium-based alloy for producing nuclear shielding materials is provided, for manufacturing the yttrium-based alloy for producing nuclear shielding materials provided in any of the foregoing embodiments. The method specifically includes the following steps: Step a): Provide raw materials according to the composition of the yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials, load the raw materials into a vacuum melting equipment, and evacuate to 3×10⁻⁶. -3 Below Pa, an inert gas is introduced for protection, and then the mixture is heated to above 1700℃ for melting and casting to obtain an alloy ingot; Step b): The alloy ingot is hot-pressed or hot-forged at a temperature not lower than 800°C; then hot-rolled at a temperature not lower than 850°C to obtain hot-rolled sheet. Step c): The hot-rolled sheet is subjected to cold rolling and annealing to obtain a yttrium-based alloy finished product for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials.

[0009] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step a), the heating rate during melting is not less than 10°C / min, and the temperature is held for at least 10 minutes after being heated to not less than 2000°C.

[0010] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step a), when the raw materials contain Gd and / or Dy, Y is first mixed and smelted with Re to form an intermediate alloy, and then mixed and smelted with other raw materials.

[0011] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step b), the hot rolling process is performed at least three times.

[0012] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step c), the cold rolling process is performed at least three times.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a nuclear shielding material is provided, using the yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials provided in any of the foregoing embodiments as raw material, and comprising the following steps: loading the yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials into a reaction vessel and evacuating it, heating it to 850°C-950°C and then introducing hydrogen gas, so that the hydrogen pressure in the reaction vessel reaches the equilibrium pressure of the hydrogenation reaction of the yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials, maintaining the temperature and hydrogen pressure in the reaction vessel for 10h-24h, and then cooling and evacuating it according to the temperature-pressure equilibrium curve of yttrium hydride to obtain the finished nuclear shielding material.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a nuclear shielding material is provided, which is manufactured using the manufacturing method of the nuclear shielding material provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0015] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the atomic ratio H:Y in the nuclear shielding material is 1.5-1.9. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Metallographic photograph of the yttrium-rhenium alloy in the sixth embodiment; Figure 2 This is a metallographic photograph of the nuclear shielding material in the sixth embodiment.

[0017] The purpose of the above figures is to provide a further detailed description of the present invention so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the invention, and not to limit the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] For the sake of brevity, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0019] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment herein. The phrase appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it limited to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments herein can be combined with other embodiments without causing structural conflicts.

[0020] With the development of nuclear engineering technology, miniaturized and compact microreactors have attracted increasing attention and are considered to have broad application prospects. However, as the size of microreactors decreases and their power density increases, the performance of various shielding materials currently widely used in pressurized water reactors is increasingly unable to meet the design requirements of new reactors. Designing and manufacturing nuclear shielding materials with better neutron shielding performance has become a key factor affecting the development of microreactors. Among various new nuclear shielding materials, yttrium-based hydrides have advantages such as low density, good neutron shielding performance, and low induced radioactivity, and are considered to have good application prospects. However, due to limitations in current yttrium-based alloy manufacturing processes, yttrium-based alloys used for hydrogenation generally have large grain sizes, making them prone to breakage due to stress concentration during hydrogenation, which leads to difficulties in producing large-volume yttrium-based hydrides. On the other hand, yttrium-based hydrides have limited thermal neutron absorption capacity, requiring the addition of other components to improve thermal neutron shielding capabilities; however, commonly used neutron-absorbing elements such as boron undergo transmutation after absorbing neutrons to produce helium, which causes the solid shielding material to swell, affecting the shielding effect and service life.

[0021] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, one embodiment of the present invention provides a yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials. This alloy avoids the addition of boron, which easily induces radiation swelling, while possessing a well-developed, uniform, and fine microstructure. It maintains structural integrity during hydrogenation and exhibits low induced radioactivity and good neutron absorption capability.

[0022] Specifically, the yttrium-based alloy comprises 0.5%-25.0% Re by weight, with the balance being Y and unavoidable impurities. Its matrix is ​​Y, with YRe2 particles concentrated at the grain boundaries. During the solidification process of the yttrium-based alloy, YRe2 helps refine the grains, resulting in a fine and uniform yttrium-based alloy that does not crack during subsequent hot working and high-temperature hydrogenation, maintaining high strength and toughness. The grain-refined yttrium-based alloy exhibits excellent hot workability and high-temperature resistance. Furthermore, the addition of rhenium improves the corrosion resistance of the yttrium-based alloy.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, adding an appropriate proportion (not exceeding 20.0%) of Dy and / or Gd to the yttrium-based alloy can further improve its shielding ability against thermal neutrons and gamma rays, thereby enhancing the performance of the hydrogenated nuclear shielding material. In a further preferred embodiment, the Re content in the yttrium-based alloy is 0.5%-10.0%, the Dy content is not exceeding 10.0%, and the Gd content is not exceeding 10.0%, to ensure the alloy's machinability.

[0024] This yttrium-based alloy can be manufactured using a method for manufacturing yttrium-based alloys for nuclear shielding materials, as provided in another aspect of the present invention, with the following specific steps: Step a): Provide raw materials according to the composition ratio of the yttrium-based alloy. In a preferred embodiment, Re and Y are first melted together in a vacuum arc furnace to lower the melting point of the intermediate alloy. All the weighed raw materials are then loaded into the vacuum furnace, and the furnace is first evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - The temperature is increased to 3 Pa, and then an inert gas, such as argon, is introduced as a protective atmosphere. Subsequently, the temperature is increased to at least 1700°C at a heating rate of at least 10°C / min, and held at that temperature for at least 10 minutes to obtain an alloy melt, which is then cast into an alloy ingot. For embodiments where an intermediate alloy is not used as a raw material, the preferred melting temperature is at least 2000°C.

[0025] Step b): The alloy ingot is hot-pressed or hot-forged at a temperature not lower than 800°C; subsequently, it is hot-rolled at a temperature not lower than 850°C to obtain a hot-rolled sheet. In a preferred embodiment, the hot rolling process is repeated at least three times to fully break up the dendrites formed during the casting process and improve the uniformity of the alloy structure.

[0026] Step c): The hot-rolled sheet is cold-rolled and annealed to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. In a preferred embodiment, the cold rolling process is repeated at least three times, and the annealing is carried out under vacuum or inert gas protection, for example, pure argon can be used as the protective atmosphere.

[0027] Nuclear shielding materials are prepared by hydrogenating yttrium-based alloys: The yttrium-based alloys used for manufacturing the nuclear shielding material are heated to 850℃-950℃ in a vacuum reaction vessel. High-purity hydrogen is then introduced into the reaction vessel to bring the hydrogen pressure to the equilibrium pressure for the formation and decomposition of yttrium hydride. The temperature and hydrogen pressure are then maintained for 10-24 hours to allow the yttrium-based alloy to undergo a complete hydrogenation reaction. Finally, the temperature is gradually lowered according to the temperature-pressure equilibrium curve of yttrium hydride, and the vacuum is re-evacuated to obtain the finished nuclear shielding material. Specifically, during the cooling process, the temperature and hydrogen pressure are strictly controlled according to the temperature-pressure equilibrium curve of yttrium hydride to maintain environmental conditions within the hydrogenation formation range of yttrium hydride, preventing excessively high temperatures or excessively low hydrogen pressures from causing the yttrium hydride equilibrium to shift towards decomposition.

[0028] The nuclear shielding material manufactured using the above method is mainly composed of yttrium-based hydrides, with hydrogen elements uniformly distributed within the material without forming a concentration gradient. The atomic ratio H:Y is 1.5-1.9. In a preferred embodiment, after cold rolling the hot-rolled sheet, annealing is performed in a vacuum furnace. After annealing, hydrogenation is carried out directly in the same vacuum furnace to prevent oxidation of the yttrium-based alloy surface.

[0029] This nuclear shielding material can operate stably for a long time in environments ranging from 600℃ to 1000℃, and is suitable for advanced reactor types such as space reactors, vehicle-mounted reactors, or fusion reactors.

[0030] In the first embodiment, the manufacturing process of the nuclear shielding material is as follows: First, provide raw materials according to a ratio of 0.5% Re and the remainder Y; load the raw materials into a vacuum furnace and evacuate to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot.

[0031] Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot-rolling processes at 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet. The hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times and annealed under a pure argon protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing revealed that the alloy grain size was approximately 60μm, achieving grain refinement, and yttrium and rhenium formed the high-melting-point compound YRe2. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0032] In the second embodiment, raw materials are first provided at a ratio of 5.0% Re and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then, high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10 min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon gas protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was approximately 30-40μm, achieving grain refinement, and yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0033] In the third embodiment, raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 15.0% Re and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated until the pressure does not exceed 3 × 10⁻⁶. -³Pa; then, high-purity argon was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was approximately 20μm, achieving grain refinement, and yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0034] In the fourth embodiment, raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 25.0% Re and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated until the pressure does not exceed 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then, high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon gas protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was 10-20μm, achieving grain refinement, and yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0035] In the fifth embodiment, the raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 5.0% Re, 10.0% Dy, and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then, high-purity argon was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was 30-40μm, achieving grain refinement; yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2, and the Dy element improved the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0036] In the sixth embodiment, the raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 10.0% Re, 10.0% Dy, and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then, high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10 min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot-rolling processes at a hot-rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon gas protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Figure 1 As shown, the grain size in the yttrium hydrogenation alloy matrix is ​​around 30 μm, achieving grain refinement. Yttrium and rhenium form the high-melting-point compound YRe2, which is concentrated at the grain boundaries and plays a role in grain refinement during alloy solidification. Dy element can improve the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding ability of yttrium-based alloys. The yttrium-based alloy product undergoes hydrogenation treatment; the microstructure after hydrogenation is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the atomic ratio H:Y was measured to be approximately 1.81. Its specific phase composition is a mixture of YH2 phase and hydrogen-saturated solid solution Y(H) phase. The microstructure is uniform, and the H distribution in different regions is uniform with no obvious concentration gradient.

[0037] In the seventh embodiment, raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 5.0% Re, 10.0% Gd, and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. - ³Pa; then, high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon gas protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was 30~40μm, achieving grain refinement; yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2; and Gd element improved the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0038] In the eighth embodiment, raw materials are first provided in a ratio of 10.0% Re, 10.0% Gd, and the remainder Y; the raw materials are then loaded into a vacuum furnace and evacuated to a pressure not exceeding 3 × 10⁻⁶. -³Pa; then, high-purity argon gas was introduced as a protective atmosphere, and the mixture was heated to 1700℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min, held at that temperature for 10min to obtain an alloy melt; the alloy melt was then cast into an alloy ingot. Next, the alloy ingot was hot-pressed at 800℃, followed by three hot rolling processes at a hot rolling temperature of 850℃ to obtain a hot-rolled sheet; the hot-rolled sheet was then cold-rolled three times, and annealed under a pure argon gas protective atmosphere to obtain the yttrium-based alloy product. Testing showed that the alloy grain size was 10-20μm, achieving grain refinement. Yttrium and rhenium formed a high-melting-point compound YRe2, and Gd element improved the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy. Compared to the seventh embodiment, the Re element content was higher, and the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy in this embodiment was significantly improved. The yttrium-based alloy product was then hydrogenated to obtain a nuclear shielding material with YH2 as the main component.

[0039] The yttrium-rhenium alloy provided in the above embodiments has a uniform and fine grain structure, which can prevent stress concentration, maintain structural integrity, and avoid cracking during deformation processing and subsequent hydrogenation processing. The addition of Re can also improve the corrosion resistance of the material to a certain extent. The nuclear shielding material obtained after hydrogenation processing has a uniform distribution of hydrogen elements without obvious concentration gradient, and the material as a whole has high strength and toughness.

[0040] In Examples 5 to 8, the addition of Dy and Gd elements improves the thermal neutron and gamma-ray shielding capability of the yttrium-based alloy. By adding Dy or Gd, novel neutron-photon composite shielding materials with low density, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and strong shielding capability are further obtained. Furthermore, the addition of rhenium improves the corrosion resistance of the yttrium-based alloy.

[0041] The nuclear shielding material provided in the above embodiments can operate stably for a long time in an environment of 600℃-1000℃, and is particularly suitable for advanced reactor types such as microreactors.

[0042] The purpose of the above embodiments is to provide a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can understand the technical concept of the present invention. Within the scope of the present invention, optimization and equivalent substitution of the technical features involved, as well as combination of implementation methods in different embodiments without conflict, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials, characterized in that, The yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials comprises 0.5%-25% Re by weight, with the balance being Y and unavoidable impurities; the matrix structure of the yttrium-based alloy is Y, the grain size of the matrix structure is 10μm-70μm, and YRe2 particles are distributed at its grain boundaries.

2. The yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials contains, by weight, 0.5%-25% Re, no more than 20% Gd and / or no more than 20% Dy, with the balance being Y and unavoidable impurities.

3. The yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, By weight, the Re content is 0.5%-10%, the Gd content is no more than 10%, and the Dy content is no more than 10%.

4. A method for manufacturing a yttrium-based alloy for use in nuclear shielding materials, characterized in that, The method for manufacturing a yttrium-based alloy for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 includes the following steps: Step a): Provide raw materials according to the composition of the yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials, load the raw materials into a vacuum melting equipment, and evacuate to 3×10⁻⁶. -3 Below Pa, an inert gas is introduced for protection, and then the mixture is heated to above 1700℃ for melting and casting to obtain an alloy ingot; Step b): The alloy ingot is hot-pressed or hot-forged at a temperature not lower than 800°C; then hot-rolled at a temperature not lower than 850°C to obtain hot-rolled sheet. Step c): The hot-rolled sheet is subjected to cold rolling and annealing to obtain a yttrium-based alloy finished product for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials.

5. The method for manufacturing yttrium-based alloys for nuclear shielding materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step a), the heating rate during melting shall not be less than 10°C / min, and the temperature shall be held for at least 10 minutes after heating to not less than 2000°C.

6. The method for manufacturing a yttrium-based alloy for nuclear shielding materials according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, In step a), when the raw materials contain Gd and / or Dy, Y is first mixed and smelted with Re to form an intermediate alloy, and then mixed and smelted with other raw materials.

7. The method for manufacturing yttrium-based alloys for nuclear shielding materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step b), the hot rolling process is performed at least three times.

8. The method for manufacturing yttrium-based alloys for nuclear shielding materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step c), the cold rolling process is performed at least three times.

9. A method for manufacturing a nuclear shielding material, characterized in that, Using yttrium-based alloys as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 for manufacturing nuclear shielding materials as raw materials, and comprising the following steps: The yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials is loaded into a reaction vessel and evacuated. After heating to 850°C-950°C, hydrogen gas is introduced to bring the hydrogen pressure inside the reaction vessel to the equilibrium pressure of the hydrogenation reaction of the yttrium-based alloy used to manufacture nuclear shielding materials. The temperature and hydrogen pressure inside the reaction vessel are maintained for 10-24 hours. Subsequently, the vessel is cooled and evacuated according to the temperature-pressure equilibrium curve of yttrium hydride to obtain the finished nuclear shielding material.

10. A nuclear shielding material, characterized in that, It is manufactured using the manufacturing method of the nuclear shielding material as described in claim 9.

11. The nuclear shielding material according to claim 10, characterized in that, The atomic ratio H:Y in the nuclear shielding material is 1.5-1.9.

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