Motor outer gear shaft hobbing heat treatment precision control device and control method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of motor outer gear shaft processing, and particularly relates to a motor outer gear shaft hobbing heat treatment precision control device and control method, which comprises a base, the surface of the base is fixed with a lower supporting block, the upper side of the lower supporting block is provided with an upper supporting block, the opposite side of the lower supporting block and the upper supporting block is respectively provided with a semicircular groove for supporting the motor outer gear shaft, the upper side of the upper supporting block is provided with a deformation detection mechanism, the device realizes real-time dynamic compensation of heat treatment deformation, improves the tooth profile precision, and realizes real-time closed-loop control of deformation sensing, displacement amplification, pressure conversion and reverse correction of the motor outer gear shaft in the carburizing and quenching process through the mechanical linkage of the deformation detection mechanism, the displacement amplification mechanism and the deformation compensation mechanism, solves the problem that the traditional heat treatment static pressure mode cannot dynamically adjust according to the real-time change of the part deformation in the heat treatment process, and can make an instant response to the millimeter-level slight deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of motor external gear shaft machining technology, specifically relating to a device and method for controlling the precision of hobbing heat treatment of motor external gear shafts. Background Technology

[0002] The external gear shaft of the motor is a core transmission component in the electronic oil pump of new energy hybrid vehicles. As a key transmission part of the oil pump, the outer diameter and shape accuracy of the external gear shaft of the motor must meet the micron-level requirements. Among them, gear hobbing is a key process for gear forming. However, the subsequent carburizing and quenching heat treatment process inevitably causes deformation of the teeth. If this heat treatment deformation cannot be effectively controlled, it will directly affect the tooth profile accuracy, causing the product to fail to meet the high precision requirements, and in severe cases, directly resulting in scrap.

[0003] Although existing heat treatment precision control devices meet users' needs to a certain extent, they still have certain shortcomings in use. The specific problems are as follows: the existing technology mainly adopts static pressure quenching. This static pressure method relies entirely on the operator's experience to determine the pressure weight and position, lacking precise quantitative basis, which makes it difficult to guarantee the consistency between batches of products. Furthermore, the deformation of parts during heat treatment is dynamic and may exhibit different deformation directions and amounts at different stages. The static pressure method cannot be adjusted according to the real-time changes in deformation. If the pressure is too light, it cannot effectively suppress deformation, while if the pressure is too heavy, it may cause new deformation or even cracking of the parts.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a device and method for controlling the precision of heat treatment of the external gear shaft of an electric motor during gear hobbing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a device and method for controlling the precision of heat treatment of external gear shaft hobbing in motors, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on an external gear shaft of a motor, comprising a base; A lower support block is fixed to the surface of the base, and an upper support block is provided above the lower support block. Semi-circular grooves for supporting the external gear shaft of the motor are respectively opened on the opposite side of the lower support block and the upper support block. A deformation detection mechanism is provided above the upper support block. The deformation detection mechanism includes a detection sleeve, a detection rod, and a detection contact. The detection sleeve is located above the upper support block. The detection rod is slidably connected in a rod groove opened at the bottom end of the detection sleeve. The detection contact is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection rod, and the detection end of the detection contact abuts against the part to be detected on the external gear shaft of the motor. A displacement amplification mechanism is provided above the detection sleeve. The displacement amplification mechanism includes a support frame, a first fixed hinge frame, and an amplification swing arm. The support frame is fixed to the top of the detection sleeve, the first fixed hinge frame is fixed to the surface of the support frame, and the amplification swing arm is hinged to the top of the first fixed hinge frame. The short arm end of the amplification swing arm is located directly above the detection sleeve rod. A deformation compensation mechanism is provided above the support frame. The deformation compensation mechanism includes a compensation top frame, a limiting slide, a pressure trapezoidal block, a compensation pressure rod, and a compensation pressure arm. The compensation top frame is fixed to the surface of the support frame, the limiting slide is fixed to the surface of the compensation top frame, the pressure trapezoidal block is slidably connected to a groove opened inside the limiting slide, and the compensation pressure rod is slidably connected to a pressure rod groove opened inside the compensation top frame. The inclined surfaces of the pressure trapezoidal block and the compensation pressure rod are in contact with each other. The base is provided with a lifting adjustment mechanism, which includes a lifting sleeve and a lifting rod. The lifting sleeve is fixed to the surface of the base, and the lifting rod is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve. The top end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the support frame.

[0007] Preferably, the deformation detection mechanism further includes a connecting plate, a marking pointer, a scale, and a deformation push-pull rod. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the detection sleeve, the marking pointer is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate, the scale is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection sleeve, the marking pointer is set to correspond to the scale line of the scale, and the deformation push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate, with the top end of the deformation push-pull rod penetrating the detection sleeve and extending to the top of the support frame.

[0008] Preferably, the connecting plate is slidably connected inside the detection sleeve, the inside of the detection sleeve is provided with a through groove adapted to the marking pointer, the detection end of the detection contact is hemispherical, the top of the upper support block is provided with an insertion hole adapted to the detection contact, the surface of the deformable push-pull rod is wrapped with a detection reset spring, the two ends of the detection reset spring respectively abut against the upper surface of the connecting plate and the upper surface of the inner cavity of the detection sleeve, and the detection reset spring is configured to apply an elastic force toward the direction of the motor external gear shaft to the detection sleeve rod.

[0009] Preferably, the displacement amplification mechanism further includes a first hinge seat, a second hinge seat, and a displacement amplification push-pull rod. The first hinge seat is fixedly connected to the end of the deformable push-pull rod away from the connecting plate. The short arm end and the long arm end of the amplification swing arm are respectively provided with clearance slots. The first hinge seat is hinged in the clearance slot on the side of the short arm end of the amplification swing arm, and the second hinge seat is hinged in the clearance slot on the side of the long arm end of the amplification swing arm. The displacement amplification push-pull rod is slidably connected in the guide hole opened inside the compensation top frame, and the bottom end of the displacement amplification push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the second hinge seat.

[0010] Preferably, the deformation compensation mechanism further includes an abutment pulley, a compensation swing arm, a second fixed hinge, and a compensation return spring. The second fixed hinge is fixed to the lower surface of the limiting slide, the compensation swing arm is hinged to the bottom end of the second fixed hinge, the abutment pulley is rotatably connected to the short arm end of the compensation swing arm, and the surface of the abutment pulley abuts against the inclined surface of the compressed trapezoidal block. The two ends of the compensation return spring are respectively fixedly connected between the limiting slide and the compensation swing arm.

[0011] Preferably, the top end of the displacement amplification push-pull rod is fixed with a hinge shaft, which is slidably connected in a movable groove opened inside the long arm end of the compensation swing arm.

[0012] Preferably, the deformation compensation mechanism further includes a connecting frame, a pressure plate, and a pressure rod return spring. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the compensation pressure rod. Two sets of compensation pressure arms are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the connecting frame. The pressure plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the upper support block, and the compensation pressure arms are located directly above the pressure plate. The pressure rod return spring is fixedly connected between the compensation top frame and the connecting frame. The compensation return spring is configured to apply an elastic force toward the pressure trapezoidal block to the compensation swing arm, and the pressure rod return spring is configured to apply an elastic force away from the compensation top frame to the connecting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting adjustment mechanism further includes an adjusting rack, an adjusting gear, a rotating shaft, a transmission box, a worm gear, a worm shaft, and a handwheel. The adjusting rack is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the lifting sleeve, the transmission box is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting sleeve, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the transmission box, the adjusting gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft and meshes with the adjusting rack, the worm gear is fixedly connected to one end of the surface of the rotating shaft, the worm shaft is rotatably connected to the inside of the transmission box and meshes with the worm gear, and the handwheel is fixedly connected to the end of the worm shaft.

[0014] The present invention also provides a device and method for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on the external gear shaft of an electric motor, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial clamping: Place the hobbed motor external gear shaft in the semi-circular groove of the lower support block, and place the upper support block above the motor external gear shaft so that the semi-circular groove of the upper support block fits against the upper part of the motor external gear shaft. S2. Lifting adjustment: Rotate the handwheel. Through the transmission of the worm shaft, worm wheel, rotating shaft, adjusting gear and adjusting rack, the lifting sleeve rod is driven to descend inside the lifting sleeve, so that the detection contact passes through the insertion hole of the upper support block and abuts against the tooth tip circle of the motor's external gear shaft. Continue to rotate the handwheel and observe the position of the indicator pointer on the scale. When the indicator pointer stops at the zero mark of the scale, stop rotating the handwheel. S3. Furnace heating test: The device containing the motor external gear shaft is hoisted into the quenching furnace for carburizing and quenching treatment. During the quenching process, the motor external gear shaft undergoes heat treatment deformation. The detection contact is pushed by the surface of the motor external gear shaft, and the detection sleeve moves upward inside the detection sleeve, which drives the marking pointer and the deformation push-pull rod to move upward synchronously. S4. Displacement amplification: The deformation push-pull rod moves upward to push the short arm end of the amplification swing arm, causing the amplification swing arm to rotate around the fixed hinge frame one. The long arm end of the amplification swing arm pushes the displacement amplification push-pull rod vertically upward through the hinge seat two. S5. Displacement is converted into pressure. The displacement amplification push-pull rod moves upward, causing the compensating swing arm to rotate around the fixed hinge frame 2. The abutting pulley at one end of the compensating swing arm pushes the pressure trapezoidal block to slide horizontally inside the limiting slide. The inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block pushes the compensating pressure rod downward. The compensating pressure rod drives the compensating pressure arm downward through the connecting frame, applying downward pressure to the pressure plates on both sides of the upper support block. The semi-circular groove of the upper support block evenly transmits the pressure to the tooth tip circle surface of the motor external gear shaft, applying a reverse correction force to the deformed part. S6. After quenching, the entire external gear shaft of the motor is lifted out of the quenching furnace for low-temperature tempering stress relief treatment.

[0015] Preferably, in step S6, after quenching, the detection reset spring pushes the detection sleeve rod back to its initial position, the compensation reset spring pulls the compensation swing arm back to its initial position, and the pressure rod reset spring pushes the compensation pressure rod and the pressure trapezoidal block back to their initial positions, and the device returns to its initial state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use. 1. Real-time dynamic compensation for heat treatment deformation is achieved, improving tooth profile accuracy. Through the mechanical linkage of the deformation detection mechanism, displacement amplification mechanism, and deformation compensation mechanism, real-time closed-loop control of deformation sensing, displacement amplification, pressure conversion, and reverse correction of the motor external gear shaft during carburizing and quenching is realized. This solves the problem that the traditional static pressurization method for heat treatment cannot dynamically adjust according to the real-time changes in the deformation of the parts during heat treatment. It can respond instantly to millimeter-level micro-deformations. When the deformation is large, the compensation force automatically increases, and when the deformation is small, the compensation force automatically decreases. This achieves dynamic adaptive compensation synchronized with heat treatment deformation, effectively controlling the amount of heat treatment deformation of the tooth tip circle within the design allowable range. 2. It adopts a pure mechanical structure, which is stable and reliable in high-temperature environments. It does not require any power supply, sensors, controllers, solenoid valves or hydraulic components throughout the process. It has significant advantages in the high-temperature environment of carburizing and quenching. The pure mechanical structure of this invention is structurally complete, reliable in operation and has no performance degradation at high temperatures. It can operate stably in the quenching furnace for a long time without the need for additional cooling protection devices, which greatly reduces the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs. 3. The lever amplification mechanism achieves high sensitivity response to minute deformations, greatly improving the detection sensitivity and compensation accuracy of the device. The lifting adjustment mechanism enables precise setting of the pre-pressure. Operators can precisely set the initial contact pressure between the detection contact and the tooth tip surface by rotating the handwheel during clamping. The pre-pressure is precise and controllable, eliminating human operation errors and ensuring the consistency of each batch of products. The initial pre-pressure ensures that the detection contact is always in close contact with the tooth tip surface, maintaining contact and not losing the deformation signal. The self-locking characteristics of the worm gear and worm shaft can reliably lock at any position, preventing height drift caused by vibration during heat treatment. 4. The positioning column ensures the alignment accuracy of the upper and lower support blocks, improves clamping consistency, and ensures that the upper support block maintains a precise alignment relationship with the lower support block every time it is placed. The two semi-circular grooves remain coaxial under the guarantee of the positioning column. The motor external gear shaft has high repeatability and good consistency during clamping, and the product quality stability is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure used to indicate the pointer's zero-adjustment state in this invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram illustrating the detection of the pressure state of the contact in this invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the lower support block and the upper support block in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection sleeve and compensating pressure arm in this invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the detection sleeve in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the deformable push-pull rod and the displacement amplification push-pull rod in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement amplification push-pull rod and the compensation pressure arm in this invention; Figure 9 In this invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifting sleeve in this invention; Figure 11 In this invention Figure 10 Enlarged view of point B.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Base; 2. Lower support block; 3. Upper support block; 4. Positioning post; 5. Semi-circular groove; 6. Deformation detection mechanism; 608. Detection and reset spring; 601. Detection sleeve; 602. Detection rod; 603. Detection contact; 604. Connecting plate; 605. Marking pointer; 606. Scale; 607. Deformation push-pull rod; 7. Displacement amplification mechanism; 701. Support frame; 702. Fixed hinge frame one; 703. Amplification swing arm; 704. Hinge seat one; 705. Hinge seat two; 706. Displacement amplification push-pull rod; 707. Hinge shaft; 8. Variable... 801. Compensation top frame; 802. Limiting slide; 803. Pressure trapezoidal block; 804. Abutment pulley; 805. Compensation swing arm; 806. Fixed hinge frame II; 807. Compensation return spring; 808. Compensation pressure rod; 809. Connecting frame; 810. Compensation pressure arm; 811. Pressure plate; 812. Pressure rod return spring; 9. Lifting and adjusting mechanism; 901. Lifting sleeve; 902. Lifting sleeve rod; 903. Adjusting rack; 904. Adjusting gear; 905. Rotating shaft; 906. Transmission box; 907. Worm gear; 908. Worm shaft; 909. Handwheel. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a device for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on an external gear shaft of an electric motor, comprising a base 1; A lower support block 2 is fixed on the surface of the base 1, and an upper support block 3 is provided above the lower support block 2. Semi-circular grooves 5 for supporting the external gear shaft of the motor are respectively opened on the opposite side of the lower support block 2 and the upper support block 3. A deformation detection mechanism 6 is provided above the upper support block 3. The deformation detection mechanism 6 includes a detection sleeve 601, a detection rod 602 and a detection contact 603. The detection sleeve 601 is provided above the upper support block 3. The detection rod 602 is slidably connected in the rod groove opened at the bottom end of the detection sleeve 601. The detection contact 603 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection rod 602, and the detection end of the detection contact 603 abuts against the part to be detected on the external gear shaft of the motor. A displacement amplification mechanism 7 is provided above the detection sleeve 601. The displacement amplification mechanism 7 includes a support frame 701, a fixed hinge frame 702, and an amplification swing arm 703. The support frame 701 is fixed to the top of the detection sleeve 601, the fixed hinge frame 702 is fixed to the surface of the support frame 701, and the amplification swing arm 703 is hinged to the top of the fixed hinge frame 702, with the short arm end of the amplification swing arm 703 located directly above the detection sleeve rod 602. A deformation compensation mechanism 8 is provided above the support frame 701. The deformation compensation mechanism 8 includes a compensation top frame 801, a limiting slide 802, a pressure trapezoidal block 803, a compensation pressure rod 808, and a compensation pressure arm 810. The compensation top frame 801 is fixed to the surface of the support frame 701, the limiting slide 802 is fixed to the surface of the compensation top frame 801, the pressure trapezoidal block 803 is slidably connected to a groove opened inside the limiting slide 802, and the compensation pressure rod 808 is slidably connected to a pressure rod groove opened inside the compensation top frame 801. The inclined surfaces of the pressure trapezoidal block 803 and the compensation pressure rod 808 are in contact with each other. The surface of the base 1 is provided with a lifting adjustment mechanism 9, which includes a lifting sleeve 901 and a lifting rod 902. The lifting sleeve 901 is fixed to the surface of the base 1, and the lifting rod 902 is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve 901. The top end of the lifting rod 902 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the support frame 701. The geared motor external gear shaft is placed in the semi-circular groove 5 of the lower support block 2. Under the positioning and guiding action of the positioning column 4, the upper support block 3 is placed above the motor external gear shaft, so that the semi-circular groove 5 of the upper support block 3 fits with the upper part of the motor external gear shaft. At this time, the upper and lower semi-circular grooves 5 together wrap and support the toothed section of the motor external gear shaft. Through the lifting adjustment mechanism 9, the support frame 701 is driven to descend as a whole. All mechanisms such as the detection sleeve 601, the deformation push-pull rod 607, and the compensation top frame 801 installed on the support frame 701 move down synchronously.

[0021] like Figures 1-6As shown, the deformation detection mechanism 6 also includes a connecting plate 604, a pointer 605, a scale 606, and a deformation push-pull rod 607. The connecting plate 604 is fixedly connected to the top of the detection sleeve 602. The pointer 605 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate 604. The scale 606 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection sleeve 601. The pointer 605 is set to correspond to the scale line of the scale 606. The deformation push-pull rod 607 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate 604, and the top of the deformation push-pull rod 607 passes through the detection sleeve 601 and extends to the top of the support frame 701. The detection contact 603 first passes through the insertion hole at the top of the upper support block 3 and contacts the tooth tip circle surface of the motor external gear shaft. Continue rotating the handwheel 909. The detection contact 603 is pressed against the tooth tip surface, forcing the detection sleeve 602 to slide upwards relative to the inside of the detection sleeve 601. At the same time, the detection reset spring 608 is compressed. The detection sleeve 602 drives the indicator pointer 605 to move on the surface of the scale 606 through the connecting plate 604. The operator continuously observes the position of the indicator pointer 605. When the indicator pointer 605 stops at the zero mark of the scale 606, it means that the detection contact 603 has been tightly pressed against the tooth tip surface with the set preload. At this time, the detection reset spring 608 is compressed to the design value, providing sufficient initial preload to ensure that the detection contact 603 can quickly respond to the deformation of the shaft during the subsequent heat treatment process.

[0022] like Figures 5-6As shown, the connecting plate 604 is slidably connected inside the detection sleeve 601. The detection sleeve 601 has a through groove adapted to the marking pointer 605. The detection end of the detection contact 603 is hemispherical. The top of the upper support block 3 has an insertion hole adapted to the detection contact 603. A detection reset spring 608 is wound around the surface of the deformable push-pull rod 607. The two ends of the detection reset spring 608 abut against the upper surface of the connecting plate 604 and the upper surface of the inner cavity of the detection sleeve 601, respectively. 8 is configured to apply an elastic force toward the direction of the motor external gear shaft to the detection sleeve rod 602. At this time, the compensation pressure arm 810 lightly touches or slightly separates from the surface of the pressure plate 811 on both sides of the upper support block 3. No compensation pressure has been applied yet, and the entire device is in standby state. The entire device, together with the motor external gear shaft, is hoisted into the quenching furnace and carburized and quenched according to the process curve. The motor external gear shaft expands due to heat, and its tooth tip circle diameter increases. The tooth tip circle surface expands outward. When the tooth tip circle surface expands outward, it pushes the hemispherical end of the detection contact 603 upward. The detection contact 603 drives the detection sleeve 602 to slide vertically upward inside the detection sleeve 601. The detection sleeve 602 simultaneously drives the indicator pointer 605 and the deformation push-pull rod 607 to move upward synchronously through the connecting plate 604. After the indicator pointer 605 moves upward, it deviates from the zero mark and indicates the current deformation value. The deformation push-pull rod 607 moves upward and transmits the detected displacement signal upward to the displacement amplification mechanism 7. At the same time, the detection reset spring 608 is further compressed to store elastic potential energy.

[0023] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the displacement amplification mechanism 7 also includes a first hinge seat 704, a second hinge seat 705, and a displacement amplification push-pull rod 706. The first hinge seat 704 is fixedly connected to the end of the deformable push-pull rod 607 away from the connecting plate 604. The short arm end and the long arm end of the amplification swing arm 703 are respectively provided with clearance slots. The first hinge seat 704 is hinged in the clearance slot on the side of the short arm end of the amplification swing arm 703, and the second hinge seat 705 is hinged in the clearance slot on the side of the long arm end of the amplification swing arm 703. The displacement amplification push-pull rod 706 is slidably connected in the guide hole opened inside the compensation top frame 801, and the bottom end of the displacement amplification push-pull rod 706 is connected to the hinge. When the deformable push-pull rod 607 moves upward, it pushes the short arm end of the amplifying swing arm 703, which is hinged to its top, to move upward. The middle part of the amplifying swing arm 703 is hinged to the top of the fixed hinge frame 702. The fixed hinge frame 702 is fixed on the support frame 701 and serves as the fulcrum of the lever. The deformable push-pull rod 607 pushes the short arm end, which is a short arm input. Since the length of the long arm is greater than the length of the short arm, the small displacement of the short arm end is amplified several times at the long arm end. The amplified displacement is driven by the long arm end through the hinge seat 705 to drive the displacement amplifying push-pull rod 706 to move vertically upward in the guide hole of the compensating top frame 801.

[0024] It should be noted that the key role of this step is that the thermal expansion of the tooth tip circle is usually at the millimeter level. Directly driving the compensation mechanism cannot generate sufficient corrective force. After being amplified by the lever of the amplified swing arm 703, the displacement can be increased several times, which is sufficient to drive the subsequent compensation mechanism to generate effective corrective action.

[0025] like Figures 5-8 As shown, the deformation compensation mechanism 8 also includes an abutment pulley 804, a compensation swing arm 805, a second fixed hinge 806, and a compensation return spring 807. The second fixed hinge 806 is fixed to the lower surface of the limiting slide 802. The compensation swing arm 805 is hinged to the bottom end of the second fixed hinge 806. The abutment pulley 804 is rotatably connected to the short arm end of the compensation swing arm 805, and the surface of the abutment pulley 804 abuts against the inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block 803. The two ends of the compensation return spring 807 are respectively fixedly connected between the limiting slide 802 and the compensation swing arm 805. When the large push-pull rod 706 moves vertically upward, its top hinge shaft 707 slides within the movable groove inside the long arm end of the compensating swing arm 805, pushing the compensating swing arm 805 to swing around the fixed hinge frame 806. When the compensating swing arm 805 swings, its short arm end swings towards the pressure trapezoidal block 803. The abutment pulley 804 on the short arm end rolls and pushes against the side surface or inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block 803. The pressure trapezoidal block 803 slides horizontally within the horizontal groove inside the limiting slide 802. When the pressure trapezoidal block 803 slides horizontally, the position of its inclined surface moves. Since the inclined surface of the compensating pressure rod 808 is in contact with the inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block 803, the inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block 803 is equivalent to a wedge, converting the horizontal sliding into a vertical downward push on the compensating pressure rod 808.

[0026] like Figures 8-9 As shown, a hinge shaft 707 is fixed at the top of the displacement amplification push-pull rod 706, and the hinge shaft 707 is slidably connected in the movable groove opened inside the long arm end of the compensation swing arm 805.

[0027] like Figures 8-9As shown, the deformation compensation mechanism 8 also includes a connecting frame 809, a pressure plate 811, and a pressure rod return spring 812. The connecting frame 809 is fixedly connected to the top of the compensation pressure rod 808. Two sets of compensation pressure arms 810 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the connecting frame 809. The pressure plate 811 is fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the upper support block 3, and the compensation pressure arms 810 are located directly above the pressure plate 811. The pressure rod return spring 812 is fixedly connected between the compensation top frame 801 and the connecting frame 809. The compensation return spring 807 is configured to apply an elastic force toward the pressure trapezoidal block 803 to the compensation swing arm 805, and the pressure rod return spring 812 is configured to apply an elastic force away from the compensation top frame 801 to the connecting frame 809. The compensation pressure rod 808 is pushed. The pressure bar groove inside the rear compensation top frame 801 moves vertically downward, causing the connecting frame 809 at its top to move downward synchronously. At the same time, it compresses the pressure bar return spring 812. The connecting frame 809 causes the compensation pressure arms 810 on both sides of its bottom to move downward synchronously, so that the compensation pressure arms 810 press against the pressure plates 811 on both sides of the upper support block 3. Thus, the thermal expansion deformation of the motor external gear shaft is transformed into downward pressure acting on the upper support block 3 through a complete mechanical transmission chain, which is sensed by the detection contact 603, moved upward by the detection sleeve rod 602, pushed by the deformation push-pull rod 607, amplified by the amplification swing arm 703, moved upward by the displacement amplification push-pull rod 706, swung by the compensation swing arm 805, slid horizontally by the pressure trapezoidal block 803, pushed by the inclined plane, moved downward by the compensation pressure rod 808, and pressed down by the compensation pressure arm 810.

[0028] like Figures 10-11 As shown, the lifting adjustment mechanism 9 also includes an adjusting rack 903, an adjusting gear 904, a rotating shaft 905, a transmission box 906, a worm gear 907, a worm shaft 908, and a handwheel 909. The adjusting rack 903 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the lifting sleeve 902, the transmission box 906 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting sleeve 901, the rotating shaft 905 is rotatably connected to the inside of the transmission box 906, the adjusting gear 904 is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft 905, and the adjusting gear 904 meshes with the adjusting rack 903, the worm gear 907 is fixedly connected to one end of the surface of the rotating shaft 905, and the worm shaft 908 is rotatably connected to the inside of the transmission box 906. The handwheel 909 is fixedly connected to the end of the worm shaft 908 and meshes with the worm gear 907. Rotating the handwheel 909 causes the worm shaft 908 to rotate, which in turn drives the worm gear 907 to rotate at a reduced speed. The worm gear 907 drives the adjusting gear 904 to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft 905. The adjusting gear 904 meshes with the adjusting rack 903, which drives the lifting sleeve 902 to descend smoothly inside the lifting sleeve 901. When the lifting sleeve 902 descends, it drives the support frame 701, which is fixedly connected to its top, to descend as a whole. All mechanisms installed on the support frame 701, such as the detection sleeve 601, the deformation push-pull rod 607, and the compensation top frame 801, move down synchronously.

[0029] When the upper support block 3 is subjected to downward pressure, the inner wall of its semi-circular groove 5 evenly transmits the pressure to the tooth tip circle surface of the motor's external gear shaft, applying a reverse correction force to the deformed part of the shaft to suppress further thermal expansion deformation. When the deformation is effectively suppressed, the expansion of the tooth tip circle no longer increases, the counter-thrust force on the detection contact 603 stabilizes and no longer moves upward, and the compensation pressure also automatically stabilizes at the equilibrium value, without continuously increasing and causing over-correction. After carburizing and quenching, the motor's external gear shaft and the entire device are lifted out of the oil tank for low-temperature tempering stress relief treatment. After tempering, the operator removes the upper support block. Block 3: Remove the heat-treated external gear shaft of the motor. All elastic elements automatically reset. The detection reset spring 608 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the detection sleeve rod 602 and the detection contact 603 back to their initial positions. The compensation reset spring 807 pulls the compensation swing arm 805 back to its initial position, causing the abutment pulley 804 to disengage from the pressure on the pressed trapezoidal block 803. The pressure rod reset spring 812 releases its elastic potential energy, pushing the connecting frame 809 and the compensation pressure rod 808 back to their initial positions. At the same time, the pressed trapezoidal block 803 slides back to its initial position within the limiting slide 802 under the interaction of the inclined plane, allowing the next batch of clamping and processing to proceed.

[0030] Since this device needs to operate in a high-temperature environment of carburizing and quenching, the aforementioned detection reset spring 608, compensation reset spring 807, and pressure rod reset spring 812 are all made of high-temperature resistant materials. Preferably, the high-temperature resistant materials are nickel-based high-temperature alloys (such as GH600, GH4738) or cobalt-based alloys (such as Stellite6), which can maintain sufficient elastic modulus and anti-relaxation performance at a high temperature of 900℃, thereby ensuring the continuous contact between the detection contact 603 and the tooth tip circle and the reliable fit between the pressure trapezoidal block 803 and the inclined surface of the compensation pressure rod 808, and ensuring the long-term stability of the detection and compensation actions.

[0031] The present invention also provides a device and method for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on the external gear shaft of an electric motor, comprising the following steps: S1. Initial clamping: Place the hobbed motor external gear shaft in the semi-circular groove 5 of the lower support block 2, and place the upper support block 3 above the motor external gear shaft so that the semi-circular groove 5 of the upper support block 3 fits against the upper part of the motor external gear shaft. S2. Lifting adjustment: Rotate handwheel 909. Through the transmission of worm shaft 908, worm wheel 907, rotating shaft 905, adjusting gear 904 and adjusting rack 903, the lifting sleeve rod 902 is driven to descend inside the lifting sleeve 901, so that the detection contact 603 passes through the insertion hole of the upper support block 3 and abuts against the tooth tip circle of the motor external gear shaft. Continue to rotate handwheel 909 and observe the position of the indicator pointer 605 on the scale 606. When the indicator pointer 605 stops at the zero mark of the scale 606, stop rotating handwheel 909. S3. Furnace heating test: The device containing the motor external gear shaft is hoisted into the quenching furnace for carburizing and quenching treatment. During the quenching process, the motor external gear shaft undergoes heat treatment deformation. The detection contact 603 is pushed by the surface of the motor external gear shaft, and the detection sleeve 602 moves upward inside the detection sleeve 601, which drives the marking pointer 605 and the deformed push-pull rod 607 to move upward synchronously. S4. Displacement amplification: The deformation push-pull rod 607 moves upward to push the short arm end of the amplification swing arm 703, causing the amplification swing arm 703 to rotate around the fixed hinge frame 702. The long arm end of the amplification swing arm 703 pushes the displacement amplification push-pull rod 706 vertically upward through the hinge seat 705. S5. Displacement is converted into pressure. The displacement amplification push-pull rod 706 moves upward, causing the compensating swing arm 805 to rotate around the fixed hinge frame 806. The abutting pulley 804 at one end of the compensating swing arm 805 pushes the pressure trapezoidal block 803 to slide horizontally inside the limiting slide frame 802. The inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block 803 pushes the compensating pressure rod 808 downward. The compensating pressure rod 808 drives the compensating pressure arm 810 downward through the connecting frame 809, applying downward pressure to the pressure plates 811 on both sides of the upper support block 3. The semi-circular groove 5 of the upper support block 3 evenly transmits the pressure to the tooth tip circular surface of the motor external gear shaft, applying a reverse correction force to the deformed part. S6. After quenching, the entire external gear shaft of the motor is lifted out of the quenching furnace for low-temperature tempering stress relief treatment.

[0032] In step S6, after quenching, the detection reset spring 608 pushes the detection sleeve rod 602 back to the initial position, the compensation reset spring 807 pulls the compensation swing arm 805 back to the initial position, and the pressure rod reset spring 812 pushes the compensation pressure rod 808 and the pressure trapezoidal block 803 back to the initial position, and the device returns to the initial state.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on an external gear shaft of an electric motor, comprising a base (1); Its features are: The base (1) has a lower support block (2) fixed on its surface, and an upper support block (3) is provided above the lower support block (2). The lower support block (2) and the upper support block (3) have semi-circular grooves (5) for supporting the external gear shaft of the motor respectively on their opposite sides. A deformation detection mechanism (6) is provided above the upper support block (3). The deformation detection mechanism (6) includes a detection sleeve (601), a detection rod (602), and a detection contact (603). The detection sleeve (601) is provided above the upper support block (3). The detection rod (602) is slidably connected in the rod groove opened at the bottom end of the detection sleeve (601). The detection contact (603) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the detection rod (602), and the detection end of the detection contact (603) abuts against the part to be detected on the external gear shaft of the motor. A displacement amplification mechanism (7) is provided above the detection sleeve (601). The displacement amplification mechanism (7) includes a support frame (701), a fixed hinge frame (702), and an amplification swing arm (703). The support frame (701) is fixed to the top of the detection sleeve (601). The fixed hinge frame (702) is fixed to the surface of the support frame (701). The amplification swing arm (703) is hinged to the top of the fixed hinge frame (702), and the short arm end of the amplification swing arm (703) is located directly above the detection sleeve rod (602). A deformation compensation mechanism (8) is provided above the support frame (701). The deformation compensation mechanism (8) includes a compensation top frame (801), a limiting slide (802), a pressure trapezoidal block (803), a compensation pressure rod (808), and a compensation pressure arm (810). The compensation top frame (801) is fixed on the surface of the support frame (701), the limiting slide (802) is fixed on the surface of the compensation top frame (801), the pressure trapezoidal block (803) is slidably connected in a groove opened inside the limiting slide (802), and the compensation pressure rod (808) is slidably connected in a pressure rod groove opened inside the compensation top frame (801). The inclined surfaces of the pressure trapezoidal block (803) and the compensation pressure rod (808) are in contact with each other. The base (1) is provided with a lifting adjustment mechanism (9). The lifting adjustment mechanism (9) includes a lifting sleeve (901) and a lifting rod (902). The lifting sleeve (901) is fixed on the surface of the base (1). The lifting rod (902) is slidably connected inside the lifting sleeve (901), and the top end of the lifting rod (902) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the support frame (701).

2. The device for controlling the precision of heat treatment of gear hobbing on the external gear shaft of a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation detection mechanism (6) further includes a connecting plate (604), a pointer (605), a scale (606), and a deformation push-pull rod (607). The connecting plate (604) is fixedly connected to the top of the detection sleeve (602). The pointer (605) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting plate (604). The scale (606) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the detection sleeve (601). The pointer (605) and the scale line of the scale (606) are set correspondingly. The deformation push-pull rod (607) is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting plate (604), and the top of the deformation push-pull rod (607) passes through the detection sleeve (601) and extends to the top of the support frame (701).

3. The precision control device for hobbing heat treatment of the external gear shaft of the motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate (604) is slidably connected to the inside of the detection sleeve (601). The inside of the detection sleeve (601) is provided with a through groove that matches the marking pointer (605). The detection end of the detection contact (603) is hemispherical. The top of the upper support block (3) is provided with an insertion hole that matches the detection contact (603). The surface of the deformable push-pull rod (607) is wrapped with a detection reset spring (608). The two ends of the detection reset spring (608) abut against the upper surface of the connecting plate (604) and the upper surface of the inner cavity of the detection sleeve (601), respectively. The detection reset spring (608) is configured to apply an elastic force toward the external gear shaft of the motor to the detection sleeve rod (602).

4. The precision control device for hobbing heat treatment of the external gear shaft of the motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The displacement amplification mechanism (7) further includes a first hinge seat (704), a second hinge seat (705), and a displacement amplification push-pull rod (706). The first hinge seat (704) is fixedly connected to the end of the deformable push-pull rod (607) away from the connecting plate (604). The short arm end and the long arm end of the amplification swing arm (703) are respectively provided with clearance slots. The first hinge seat (704) is hinged in the clearance slot on one side of the short arm end of the amplification swing arm (703). The second hinge seat (705) is hinged in the clearance slot on one side of the long arm end of the amplification swing arm (703). The displacement amplification push-pull rod (706) is slidably connected in the guide hole opened inside the compensation top frame (801), and the bottom end of the displacement amplification push-pull rod (706) is fixedly connected to the second hinge seat (705).

5. The motor external gear shaft hobbing heat treatment precision control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deformation compensation mechanism (8) further includes an abutment pulley (804), a compensation swing arm (805), a fixed hinge frame two (806), and a compensation return spring (807). The fixed hinge frame two (806) is fixed on the lower surface of the limiting slide (802). The compensation swing arm (805) is hinged to the bottom end of the fixed hinge frame two (806). The abutment pulley (804) is rotatably connected to the short arm end of the compensation swing arm (805), and the surface of the abutment pulley (804) abuts against the inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block (803). The two ends of the compensation return spring (807) are respectively fixedly connected between the limiting slide (802) and the compensation swing arm (805).

6. The precision control device for hobbing heat treatment of the external gear shaft of a motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top end of the displacement amplification push-pull rod (706) is fixed with a hinge shaft (707), which is slidably connected in the movable groove opened inside the long arm end of the compensation swing arm (805).

7. The device for controlling the precision of gear hobbing heat treatment of the external gear shaft of a motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The deformation compensation mechanism (8) further includes a connecting frame (809), a pressure plate (811), and a pressure rod return spring (812). The connecting frame (809) is fixedly connected to the top of the compensation pressure rod (808). Two sets of compensation pressure arms (810) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom sides of the connecting frame (809). The pressure plate (811) is fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the upper support block (3), and the compensation pressure arms (810) are located directly above the pressure plate (811). The pressure rod return spring (812) is fixedly connected between the compensation top frame (801) and the connecting frame (809). The compensation return spring (807) is configured to apply an elastic force to the compensation swing arm (805) in the direction of the pressure trapezoidal block (803). The pressure rod return spring (812) is configured to apply an elastic force to the connecting frame (809) in the direction away from the compensation top frame (801).

8. The device for controlling the precision of gear hobbing heat treatment of the external gear shaft of a motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting adjustment mechanism (9) further includes an adjusting rack (903), an adjusting gear (904), a rotating shaft (905), a transmission box (906), a worm gear (907), a worm shaft (908), and a handwheel (909). The adjusting rack (903) is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the lifting sleeve (902), the transmission box (906) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lifting sleeve (901), and the rotating shaft (905) is rotatably connected to the transmission box (906). Inside, the adjusting gear (904) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating shaft (905), and the adjusting gear (904) is meshed with the adjusting rack (903). The worm wheel (907) is fixedly connected to one end of the surface of the rotating shaft (905). The worm shaft (908) is rotatably connected to the inside of the transmission box (906), and the worm shaft (908) is meshed with the worm wheel (907). The handwheel (909) is fixedly connected to the end of the worm shaft (908).

9. A method for controlling the accuracy of heat treatment of hobbing on the external gear shaft of a motor, comprising the device for controlling the accuracy of heat treatment of hobbing on the external gear shaft of a motor as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Initial clamping: Place the hobbed motor external gear shaft in the semi-circular groove (5) of the lower support block (2), and place the upper support block (3) above the motor external gear shaft so that the semi-circular groove (5) of the upper support block (3) fits against the upper part of the motor external gear shaft. S2. Lifting adjustment: Rotate the handwheel (909). Through the transmission of the worm shaft (908), worm wheel (907), rotating shaft (905), adjusting gear (904), and adjusting rack (903), the lifting sleeve rod (902) is driven to descend inside the lifting sleeve (901), so that the detection contact (603) passes through the insertion hole of the upper support block (3) and abuts against the tooth tip circle of the motor external gear shaft. Continue to rotate the handwheel (909) and observe the position of the indicator pointer (605) on the scale (606). When the indicator pointer (605) stops at the zero mark of the scale (606), stop rotating the handwheel (909). S3. Heat-up test in furnace: The device with the motor external gear shaft is hoisted into the quenching furnace for carburizing and quenching. During the quenching process, the motor external gear shaft undergoes heat treatment deformation. The detection contact (603) is pushed by the surface of the motor external gear shaft. The detection sleeve (602) moves upward inside the detection sleeve (601), which drives the marking pointer (605) and the deformation push-pull rod (607) to move upward synchronously. S4. Displacement amplification: The deformation push-pull rod (607) moves upward to push the short arm end of the amplification swing arm (703), causing the amplification swing arm (703) to rotate around the fixed hinge frame one (702). The long arm end of the amplification swing arm (703) pushes the displacement amplification push-pull rod (706) to move vertically upward through the hinge seat two (705). S5. Displacement is converted into pressure. The displacement amplification push-pull rod (706) moves upward, causing the compensation swing arm (805) to rotate around the fixed hinge frame (806). The abutting pulley (804) at one end of the compensation swing arm (805) pushes the pressure trapezoidal block (803) to slide horizontally inside the limiting slide frame (802). The inclined surface of the pressure trapezoidal block (803) pushes the compensation pressure rod (808) to move downward. The compensation pressure rod (808) drives the compensation pressure arm (810) to move downward through the connecting frame (809), applying downward pressure to the pressure plates (811) on both sides of the upper support block (3). The semi-circular groove (5) of the upper support block (3) transmits the pressure evenly to the tooth tip circle surface of the motor external gear shaft, applying a reverse correction force to the deformed part. S6. After quenching, the entire external gear shaft of the motor is lifted out of the quenching furnace for low-temperature tempering stress relief treatment.

10. A method for controlling the accuracy of heat treatment of gear hobbing on an external gear shaft of a motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S6, after quenching, the detection reset spring (608) pushes the detection sleeve rod (602) back to the initial position, the compensation reset spring (807) pulls the compensation swing arm (805) back to the initial position, and the pressure rod reset spring (812) pushes the compensation pressure rod (808) and the pressure trapezoidal block (803) back to the initial position, and the device returns to the initial state.

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