A device for preparing a montmorillonite fiber material and a method for preparing the same

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of graphene material preparation, and discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of a monolayer graphene fiber material. The preparation device comprises a shell, a suction rotating base and a gas blocking piece. A base material is arranged in a reaction cavity in the shell. The base material is continuously rotated in the reaction process through the driving of the suction rotating base, the reaction gas is uniformly deposited on the surface of the base material, and the quality consistency of the fiber material is improved. The suction channel can continuously guide the airflow to pass through the hollow structure of the base material and be discharged. The gas blocking piece at the top of the shell is in sealing abutment with the upper end of the base material, so that the base material is fixed on the suction rotating base to rotate with the suction rotating base, and the reaction gas is prevented from entering the hollow structure from the top opening. After the reaction gas passes through the base material and enters the hollow structure, the reaction gas is discharged through the suction channel, the passing rate of the gas in the hollow structure of the base material is effectively improved, the contact efficiency between the reaction gas and the base material is enhanced, and the balance of the graphene performance is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of graphene material preparation technology, specifically to a graphene fiber material preparation device and preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Graphene fiber material is a composite material made by growing graphene on the surface of fiber cloth. This material can be used as an electric heating material in civilian fields such as wind turbine blade de-icing and industrial drying, and can also be applied in special fields such as wave-transparent stealth.

[0003] The width of montmorillonite fiber materials is mainly limited by the width of the fiber cloth substrate and its manufacturing process. Fiber cloth substrates include glass fiber cloth, quartz fiber cloth, alumina fiber cloth, silicon carbide fiber cloth, etc. Among them, the conventional width of traditional glass fiber cloth is about 1 meter, which can be extended to 2.6 meters under special requirements.

[0004] For the preparation process, conventional montmorillonite fiber materials are generally produced using either dynamic or static processes. Dynamic processes require the fiber cloth to be laid flat within the reaction chamber; therefore, the width of the reaction chamber directly determines the wide-width manufacturing capability of the montmorillonite fiber material under this process. Manufacturing a wide reaction chamber involves not only technical challenges related to ensuring uniformity of the temperature and flow fields across the chamber's width, but also the selection of materials and structural design for the chamber's interior. Because the interior will experience harsh environments such as high temperatures and vacuum conditions, improper material selection and structural design can not only affect the process's effectiveness but also endanger equipment and personnel safety.

[0005] Static processes typically involve cutting fiber cloth into fixed sizes or coiling or winding it into specific shapes before placing it in a reaction chamber for growth. Cutting methods obviously limit the size specifications of the material, while coiling or winding methods can result in uneven properties of the manufactured montmorillonite fiber material due to its position within the chamber and the direction of the process airflow and the growth process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a device and method for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials to solve the problems of uneven performance and low preparation efficiency when using static processes to prepare montmorillonite fiber materials in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber material, comprising: a shell, a gas-absorbing rotating base, and a gas-blocking component. The shell contains a reaction chamber for accommodating a substrate. The substrate has a hollow structure in the middle and openings at both ends. The gas-absorbing rotating base is sealed to the bottom of the shell. The lower end of the substrate is placed on the gas-absorbing rotating base and rotates with it. A gas-absorbing channel is provided in the middle of the gas-absorbing rotating base, and the bottom opening of the substrate communicates with the gas-absorbing channel. The gas-blocking component is disposed at the top of the shell, and its lower end abuts against the upper end of the substrate to fix the substrate on the gas-absorbing rotating base. The gas-blocking component is adapted to block the top opening of the substrate. Reaction gas in the reaction chamber permeates through the substrate and flows sequentially through the hollow structure and the gas-absorbing channel.

[0009] It has the following advantages:

[0010] By placing a hollow substrate with open ends in the reaction chamber within the shell, and driving it to rotate continuously during the reaction process via a suction rotating base, it is beneficial to achieve uniform deposition of reactive gases on the substrate surface, improving the quality consistency of the fiber material. A suction channel is provided in the suction rotating base to continuously guide airflow through the hollow structure of the substrate and discharge it. An air-blocking component at the top of the shell seals against the upper end of the substrate, fixing the substrate to the suction rotating base so it rotates with it, and preventing reactive gases from entering the hollow structure from the top opening. This ensures that the reactive gases, after passing through the substrate into the hollow structure, are discharged through the suction channel, effectively increasing the gas throughput within the hollow structure of the substrate. This enhances the contact efficiency between the reactive gases and the substrate, ensuring the uniformity of graphene performance in production.

[0011] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials further includes an air inlet assembly disposed at the upper end of the housing, the air inlet assembly being adapted to introduce a reaction gas into the reaction chamber.

[0012] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the air intake assembly includes an air intake flange and an air intake pipe, one end of the air intake pipe being connected to the air intake flange to be adapted to supply the reaction gas to the air intake flange, the air intake flange being provided with a plurality of air intake units, the upper end of the housing being sealed to the air intake flange to be connected to any of the air intake units, and the upper end of the gas blocking member being connected to the air intake flange.

[0013] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the air intake unit includes a plurality of air distribution holes, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the air blocking element, and the air distribution holes are in communication with the reaction chamber.

[0014] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials further includes a heating component, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing to be adapted to heat the reaction chamber.

[0015] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the heating assembly includes a graphite ring sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing and a heating element sleeved on the outer periphery of the graphite ring, wherein the graphite ring and the heating element are capable of synchronously reciprocating along the axial direction of the housing.

[0016] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials further includes an exhaust component, one end of which is connected to the intake channel and the other end of which is connected to an air pump, wherein the reaction gas is discharged through the intake channel and the exhaust component.

[0017] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a guide member is provided at one end of the air intake channel near the hollow structure. One end of the guide member is connected to the air intake rotating base, and the other end of the guide member faces and extends into the interior of the hollow structure. The guide member is tapered from bottom to top, and a flow cavity is provided inside the guide member, which connects the hollow structure and the air intake channel.

[0018] According to a first aspect of the present invention, the flow cavity includes, from top to bottom, a constant diameter section and a flared section that are connected to each other, wherein the diameters of each cross section of the constant diameter section are equal, and the flared section is shaped like a trumpet from top to bottom.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a montmorillonite fiber material, comprising the following steps:

[0020] The substrate is wound into a roll with a hollow structure inside and placed inside the reaction chamber.

[0021] The lower end of the air-blocking component abuts against the upper end of the substrate, so that the air-blocking component blocks the top opening of the substrate and fixes the substrate on the suction rotating base.

[0022] Open the exhaust assembly and use it to evacuate the reaction chamber to a vacuum state.

[0023] The reaction gas is introduced into the reaction chamber;

[0024] The driving suction rotating base drives the substrate to rotate, the heating component moves along the axial direction of the shell to heat the reaction chamber, the reaction gas passes through the substrate and is cracked at high temperature, and deposited on the surface of the substrate to form a graphene layer, and the remaining reaction gas flows through the hollow structure and suction channel to be discharged. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a montmorillonite fiber material preparation device provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single housing provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in the diagram;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a top view of the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air intake assembly provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the intake assembly provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 1. Shell; 11. Reaction chamber; 2. Intake rotating base; 21. Intake channel; 22. Flow guide; 221. Flow cavity; 3. Air blocking component; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Sealing part; 4. Intake assembly; 41. Intake flange; 411. Intake unit; 4111. Air distribution hole; 42. Intake pipeline; 5. Exhaust assembly; 6. Substrate; 61. Hollow structure; 7. Heating assembly; 71. Graphite ring; 72. Heating element. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] This embodiment provides a graphene material preparation system, which includes a pre-tightening device and a graphene fiber material preparation device. The pre-tightening device is used to wind a substrate 6 into a roll structure, ensuring that the gap between adjacent layers of substrate 6 in the roll structure is the same. The graphene fiber material preparation device is used to generate graphene on the substrate 6. The pre-tightening device can wind the unfolded substrate 6 into a roll structure, which has the advantages of small space occupation, easy storage and transportation, and the roll structure has substrate 6 with the same outer diameter, facilitating the uniform growth of graphene in the subsequent roll structure. Simultaneously, during the winding process, a certain torque can be applied to the pre-tightening device, so that the pre-tightening device applies a certain pre-tightening force to the substrate 6 during winding. The gap between adjacent layers of substrate 6 in the roll structure is the same, ensuring that the tightness of the roll structure is approximately consistent, thereby ensuring the uniformity of graphene growth.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber material, comprising: a housing 1, a suction rotating base 2, and a gas blocking member 3. A reaction chamber 11 for accommodating a substrate 6 is formed inside the housing 1. The substrate 6 has a hollow structure 61 in the middle and openings at both ends. The suction rotating base 2 is sealed to the bottom of the housing 1. The lower end of the substrate 6 is placed on the suction rotating base 2 and rotates with the suction rotating base 2. A suction channel 21 is provided in the middle of the suction rotating base 2, and the bottom opening of the substrate 6 communicates with the suction channel 21. The gas blocking member 3 is disposed at the top of the housing 1. The lower end of the gas blocking member 3 abuts against the upper end of the substrate 6 to fix the substrate 6 on the suction rotating base 2. The gas blocking member 3 is adapted to block the top opening of the substrate 6. The reaction gas in the reaction chamber 11 permeates through the substrate 6 and flows sequentially through the hollow structure 61 and the suction channel 21.

[0040] Specifically, by placing a hollow substrate 6 with open ends in the reaction chamber 11 within the housing 1, and driving it to rotate continuously during the reaction process via the suction rotating base 2, it is beneficial to achieve uniform deposition of the reactive gas on the surface of the substrate 6, thereby improving the quality consistency of the fiber material. A suction channel 21 is provided in the suction rotating base 2, which continuously guides the airflow through the hollow structure 61 of the substrate 6 and discharges it. The gas-blocking component 3 at the top of the housing 1 seals against the upper end of the substrate 6, thus fixing the substrate 6 on the suction rotating base 2 so that it rotates with the base 2, and preventing the reactive gas from entering the hollow structure 61 from the top opening. This ensures that the reactive gas, after passing through the substrate 6 and entering the hollow structure 61, is discharged through the suction channel 21, effectively increasing the gas throughput in the hollow structure 61 of the substrate 6, thereby enhancing the contact frequency between the reactive gas and the substrate 6, and ensuring the uniformity of graphene growth.

[0041] It is understood that the shell 1 is made of quartz or alumina and has a tubular structure. The substrate 6 can be made of quartz fiber fabric, glass fiber fabric, alumina fiber fabric, silicon carbide fiber fabric, basalt fiber fabric and other fiber fabrics. For example, the width of the glass fiber fabric is approximately 0.5m, 0.7m, 1m, 1.4m, etc.

[0042] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber material further includes an air inlet assembly 4, which is disposed at the upper end of the housing 1 and is adapted to introduce reaction gas into the reaction chamber 11.

[0043] Specifically, the air intake assembly 4 is connected to the upper end of the housing 1 and communicates with the reaction chamber 11. The air intake assembly 4 is used to introduce reaction gas into the reaction chamber 11. The reaction gas includes an inert gas, which is selected from one or more of argon, krypton, and xenon, with a flow rate of 10 sccm to 2000 sccm (standard conditions, liters per minute). The reaction gas also includes a carbon source gas, which can be selected from one or more of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, ketones, and phenols, with a flow rate of 100 sccm to 2000 sccm (sccm, standard conditions, milliliters per minute). The reaction gas also includes an auxiliary gas, which can be selected from one or more of hydrogen and carbon dioxide, with a flow rate of 100 sccm to 5000 sccm (sccm, standard conditions, milliliters per minute). The concentration of the carbon source affects the discharge stability of the system, as well as the quality and morphology of graphene, and also affects the graphene production rate.

[0044] It is understandable that the graphene fiber material preparation device can be an atmospheric pressure or low-pressure chemical vapor deposition system, or it can be a microwave, discharge, or pulsed plasma chemical vapor deposition system, specifically an atmospheric pressure microwave, discharge, or pulsed plasma chemical vapor deposition system or a low-pressure microwave, discharge, or pulsed plasma chemical vapor deposition system, which can achieve continuous plasma generation under atmospheric pressure or low pressure. During the graphene vapor deposition growth process, the power of the microwaves generated by the microwave, discharge, and pulse generation components can be adjusted, ranging from 200W to 2000W, for example: 700W, 1000W, 2000W, etc. The power of the microwave, discharge, and pulse affects the quality and morphology of the graphene, as well as the degree of carbon source pyrolysis and the conversion rate of carbon source to graphene.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the intake assembly 4 includes an intake flange 41 and an intake pipe 42. One end of the intake pipe 42 is connected to the intake flange 41 to be adapted to deliver reaction gas to the intake flange 41. The intake flange 41 is provided with a plurality of intake units 411. The upper end of the housing 1 is sealed to the intake flange 41 to communicate with any intake unit 411. The upper end of the air blocking member 3 is connected to the intake flange 41.

[0046] Specifically, the inlet flange 41 is sealed to the upper end of the housing 1, and the inlet pipe 42 is connected to the inlet flange 41 to facilitate the supply of reaction gas to the inlet flange 41. The other end of the inlet pipe 42 is connected to a gas pump and a gas source. The inlet flange 41 is provided with several inlet units 411, and the upper end of the housing 1 is connected to any one of the inlet units 411. That is, the inlet flange 41 can be adapted to multiple housings 1 to simultaneously generate multiple substrates 6, thereby improving the preparation efficiency.

[0047] In a first aspect of the present invention, the air intake unit 411 includes a plurality of air distribution holes 4111, which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the air blocking member 3, and the air distribution holes 4111 are connected to the reaction chamber 11.

[0048] Specifically, the number of air-blocking components 3 is the same as the number of air-intake units 411, so that each air-intake unit 411 corresponds to each air-blocking component 3. The air-intake unit 411 includes multiple air-equalizing holes 4111. The multiple air-equalizing holes 4111 are evenly arranged circumferentially with the air-blocking component 3 as the center. The outer wall diameter of the housing 1 is larger than the diameter of the air-intake unit 411, so that the air-equalizing holes 4111 of a single air-intake unit 411 are covered in the reaction chamber 11.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the gas blocking component 3 includes a connecting rod 31 and a sealing part 32. One end of the connecting rod 31 is connected to the air inlet flange 41, and the other end is connected to the upper end face of the sealing part 32. The lower end face of the sealing part 32 abuts against the upper end face of the substrate 6. The sealing part 32 is disc-shaped, and the diameter of the sealing part 32 is larger than the diameter of the top opening, so as to seal the upper end of the hollow structure 61. The gas equalization holes 4111 are evenly distributed above the reaction chamber 11 so that the reaction gas enters the reaction chamber 11 evenly and reacts fully with the substrate 6 to obtain a montmorillonite fiber material with balanced performance.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials further includes a heating component 7, which is sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing 1 to be suitable for heating the reaction chamber 11.

[0051] In a first aspect of the present invention, the heating assembly 7 includes a graphite ring 71 sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing 1, and a heating element 72 sleeved on the outer periphery of the graphite ring 71. The graphite ring 71 and the heating element 72 can slide synchronously back and forth along the axial direction of the housing 1. The heating element 72 is a single ring-shaped structure or a petal-shaped structure. The petal-shaped structure is used to enable the simultaneous preparation of multiple rolls to improve production efficiency.

[0052] Specifically, the heating assembly 7 is used to heat the reaction chamber 11 and the substrate 6 within the reaction chamber 11. The heating assembly 7 includes a graphite ring 71 and a heating element 72 located on the outer periphery of the graphite ring 71. The graphite ring 71 is connected to a linear drive mechanism, which drives the graphite ring 71 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the housing 1, thereby achieving uniform heating of the reaction chamber 11. The heating element 72 is an induction coil. After the induction coil is energized, induced eddy currents are formed in the graphite ring 71 adjacent to it. Due to the electrothermal conversion effect of the graphite ring 71, electrical energy is converted into heat energy, enabling the temperature of the graphite ring 71 to rise rapidly and radiate heat energy to the substrate 6 inside the quartz tube, thereby heating the reaction gas and the substrate.

[0053] It is understandable that the induction coil and the graphite ring 71 move along the axis of the shell 1, so the heating zone moves away from the substrate 6 segment where graphene has been grown, allowing the substrate 6 to cool down rapidly and preventing the substrate 6 from being in a high-temperature environment for a long time, which would cause thermal damage and affect the mechanical properties of the prepared material.

[0054] In a first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber material further includes an exhaust component 5, one end of which is connected to an intake channel 21 and the other end of which is connected to an air pump. The reaction gas is discharged through the intake channel 21 and the exhaust component 5.

[0055] Specifically, the intake rotating base 2 is connected to the exhaust assembly 5. One end of the exhaust assembly 5 is connected to the intake channel 21, and the other end is connected to the air pump. The exhaust assembly 5 is an exhaust flange. Under the drive of the air pump, the reaction gas in the hollow structure 61 is discharged through the intake channel 21 and the exhaust assembly 5, thereby achieving stable gas flow.

[0056] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the air intake channel 21 is provided with a guide member 22 at one end near the hollow structure 61. One end of the guide member 22 is connected to the air intake rotating base 2, and the other end of the guide member 22 faces and extends into the interior of the hollow structure 61. The guide member 22 is tapered from bottom to top, and the interior of the guide member 22 is provided with a flow cavity 221, which connects the hollow structure 61 and the air intake channel 21.

[0057] Specifically, to ensure the reactant gas reacts fully within the reaction chamber 11 and with the interior of the substrate 6, the residence time of the reactant gas within the hollow structure 61 needs to be extended. This allows for reciprocating flow of the reactant gas in the middle of the roll. A guide member 22 is installed at one end of the suction channel near the hollow structure 61, extending into the interior of the hollow structure 61. The guide member 22 has a tapered design from bottom to top. During the rotation of the suction rotating base 2, the guide member 22 creates a vortex within the hollow structure 61, ensuring the full reaction of the reactant gas with the substrate 6 while allowing the circumferential gas along the axial direction to flow evenly through the flow cavity 221 and the suction channel 21.

[0058] In a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the flow cavity 221 includes, from top to bottom, a constant diameter section and a flared section that are connected to each other. The diameter of each cross section of the constant diameter section is equal, and the flared section is shaped like a trumpet from top to bottom.

[0059] Specifically, the flow guide 22 is tapered and extends from bottom to top into the hollow structure 61. The flow guide 22 has a flow cavity 221 inside. The reaction gas flows through the flow cavity 221 into the suction channel 21. The flow guide 22 includes a constant diameter channel and a flared section. The flared section is funnel-shaped to promote the reaction gas in the hollow structure to form a vortex state in the suction channel 21, thereby further ensuring that the reaction gas in the substrate 6 is evenly distributed vertically and circumferentially around the substrate 6.

[0060] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a montmorillonite fiber material, comprising the following steps:

[0061] The substrate 6 is wound into a roll, with a hollow structure 61 inside the roll, and placed inside the reaction chamber 11.

[0062] The lower end of the air-blocking component 3 abuts against the upper end of the substrate 6 so that the air-blocking component 3 blocks the top opening of the substrate 6 and fixes the substrate 6 on the suction rotating base 2.

[0063] Open the exhaust assembly 5 and use the exhaust assembly 5 to evacuate the reaction chamber 11 to a vacuum state;

[0064] A reaction gas is introduced into the reaction chamber 11;

[0065] The driving suction rotating base 2 drives the substrate 6 to rotate, the heating component 7 moves along the axial direction of the shell 1 to heat the reaction chamber 11, the reaction gas passes through the substrate 6 and is cracked at high temperature, and deposited on the surface of the substrate 6 to form a graphene layer, and the remaining reaction gas flows through the hollow structure 61 and the suction channel 21 to be discharged.

[0066] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A device for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) has a reaction chamber (11) formed inside the housing (1) for accommodating the substrate (6), and the substrate (6) has a hollow structure (61) in the middle and openings at both ends; A suction rotating base (2) is sealed to the bottom of the housing (1). The lower end of the substrate (6) is placed on the suction rotating base (2) and rotates with the suction rotating base (2). A suction channel (21) is provided in the middle of the suction rotating base (2). The bottom opening of the substrate (6) is connected to the suction channel (21). An air-blocking component (3) is provided on the top of the housing (1). The lower end of the air-blocking component (3) abuts against the upper end of the substrate (6) to fix the substrate (6) on the suction rotating base (2). The air-blocking component (3) is adapted to block the top opening of the substrate (6). The reaction gas in the reaction chamber (11) passes through the substrate (6) and flows sequentially through the hollow structure (61) and the gas intake channel (21).

2. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an air intake assembly (4), which is located at the upper end of the housing (1) and is adapted to introduce reaction gas into the reaction chamber (11).

3. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The intake assembly (4) includes an intake flange (41) and an intake pipe (42). One end of the intake pipe (42) is connected to the intake flange (41) to supply the reaction gas to the intake flange (41). The intake flange (41) is provided with a plurality of intake units (411). The upper end of the housing (1) is sealed to the intake flange (41) to communicate with any of the intake units (411). The upper end of the gas blocking element (3) is connected to the intake flange (41).

4. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air intake unit (411) includes a plurality of air distribution holes (4111), which are evenly distributed circumferentially around the air blocking element (3), and the air distribution holes (4111) are connected to the reaction chamber (11).

5. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heating component (7), which is fitted around the outer periphery of the housing (1) to heat the reaction chamber (11).

6. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating assembly (7) includes a graphite ring (71) sleeved on the outer periphery of the housing (1) and a heating element (72) sleeved on the outer periphery of the graphite ring (71). The graphite ring (71) and the heating element (72) can reciprocate synchronously along the axial direction of the housing (1).

7. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust assembly (5), one end of which is connected to the intake channel (21), and the other end of which is connected to an air pump. The reaction gas is discharged through the exhaust assembly (5) via the intake channel (21).

8. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The air intake channel (21) is provided with a guide (22) at one end near the hollow structure (61). One end of the guide (22) is connected to the air intake rotating base (2), and the other end of the guide (22) faces and extends into the interior of the hollow structure (61). The guide (22) is tapered from bottom to top, and the interior of the guide (22) is provided with a flow cavity (221), which connects the hollow structure (61) and the air intake channel (21).

9. The apparatus for preparing montmorillonite fiber materials according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guide (22) has a flow cavity (221) inside. The flow cavity (221) includes a connected equal diameter section and a flared section from top to bottom. The diameter of each cross section of the equal diameter section is equal, and the flared section is shaped like a trumpet from top to bottom.

10. A method for preparing a montmorillonite fiber material, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The substrate (6) is wound into a roll, with a hollow structure (61) inside, and placed inside the reaction chamber (11); The lower end of the air-blocking member (3) abuts against the upper end of the substrate (6) so that the air-blocking member (3) blocks the top opening of the substrate (6) and fixes the substrate (6) on the suction rotating base (2). Open the exhaust assembly (5) and evacuate the reaction chamber (11) to a vacuum state through the exhaust assembly (5); introduce reaction gas into the reaction chamber (11); The driving suction rotating base (2) drives the substrate (6) to rotate, the heating component (7) moves along the axial direction of the shell (1), the reaction gas passes through the substrate (6) and decomposes at high temperature, deposits on the surface of the substrate (6) to form a graphene layer, and the remaining reaction gas flows through the hollow structure (61) and the suction channel (21) to be discharged.

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