Seed cotton handling apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of seed cotton processing equipment, comprising: main chamber, middle part or upper part has cotton inlet, lower part has cotton outlet;Dust cage, located in the upper part of main chamber, and higher than cotton inlet;Unloading assembly, located in dust cage side, to unload the impurities adsorbed by dust cage;And air outlet assembly, located below cotton inlet, the air outlet nozzle of the air outlet assembly is arranged obliquely upward, and the seed cotton introduced into cotton inlet is thrown upward, and the seed cotton that gradually stalls upward falls and is guided from the cotton outlet. According to the seed cotton processing equipment of the application, the airflow in the main chamber is relatively stable and continuous production can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a seed cotton processing device. Background Technology

[0002] Note: Chinese patent documents CN221297145U and CN117248279A are patent documents based on the same invention, and the seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning equipment disclosed therein is also the corresponding first-generation solution of this invention (hereinafter referred to as the first-generation solution).

[0003] This invention is a further evolution based on the practical engineering applications of the initial solution over several years of marketization. The main improvement is in the air introduction and treatment of foreign fibers. The basic structure and principle of the initial solution are briefly described below. In the initial solution, the seed cotton foreign fiber cleaning device includes a generally vertical main chamber. The main chamber has a cotton inlet on one side of the middle or upper part and a cotton outlet on one side of the lower part. An air inlet is located on the lower side opposite to the cotton outlet, covered with a grid. A valve plate is provided at the cotton outlet to intermittently open the cotton outlet. A dust cage is provided, located in the upper part of the main chamber. A waste removal device is provided on one side of the dust cage to clean and remove impurities adsorbed on the mesh surface of the dust cage. The side where the waste removal device is located is opposite to the cotton inlet. The main chamber has a corresponding waste outlet on this side. In addition, a feeding mechanism is provided at the cotton inlet to intermittently feed a given amount of seed cotton.

[0004] In the initial design, both the air inlet and the cotton outlet were located at the bottom and were positioned opposite each other. The mechanism was to clean in batches, intermittently opening the valve plate, which could not form continuous production, thus affecting the cotton output efficiency.

[0005] Furthermore, the dust cage relies on a rear-end fan to create negative pressure to adsorb the cotton seeds. The fan's suction volume is greater than the original circulating air volume inside the equipment, and the air volume at the air inlet changes periodically, while the suction volume of the fan in the dust cage is constant. This leads to the following technical problems: 1. In order to balance the peak air intake, the suction volume of the fan equipped with the dust cage is relatively large, while the air intake volume is small during the rest of the air intake cycle except for the peak air intake, resulting in excessively high negative pressure of the whole machine. At the same time, the fluctuation of air intake volume causes the pressure difference in various parts of the main chamber to be disordered, the suction of the cotton feed port to be strong and weak, and the feeding speed of seed cotton to be fast and slow.

[0006] 2. The airflow between the cotton feed inlet and the dust cage is turbulent, and cotton clumps easily stick to the dust cage mesh and accumulate and block the material, requiring frequent machine shutdowns for cleaning.

[0007] 3. Due to the relatively turbulent airflow, the broken-up seed cotton lacks the support of airflow and quickly re-entangles into large cotton balls.

[0008] 4. The inner layer of cottonseed, sand, and dead cotton bolls are trapped inside the cotton clump and cannot be exposed, resulting in poor overall openness and a sharp increase in subsequent ginning load.

[0009] 5. Increased short fiber content and greater fiber length damage lead to a decline in cotton grade.

[0010] It should be noted that the above background technology is technical information acquired by the inventor in order to deduce the relevant technical problems or obtained in the process of designing the present invention, and does not mean that the above background technology was already prior art before this application, especially the technical content of the cognition and confirmation of the relevant technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a seed cotton processing device that provides relatively stable airflow in the main chamber and enables continuous production.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a seed cotton cleaning device is provided, comprising: The main chamber has a cotton inlet on one side of the middle or upper part and a cotton outlet at the bottom; The dust cage is located in the upper part of the main chamber and is higher than the cotton feed inlet; A debris removal assembly, located on one side of the dust cage, removes debris adsorbed by the dust cage; and The air outlet assembly is located below the cotton feed inlet. The air outlet nozzle of the air outlet assembly is arranged obliquely upward, which throws the seed cotton introduced into the cotton feed inlet upward and causes the seed cotton that gradually loses upward speed to fall down and be discharged from the cotton outlet.

[0013] Optionally, the air outlet is angled upwards at an angle of 63° to 71° with the horizontal plane.

[0014] Optionally, the air outlet assembly is equipped with an air volume adjustment component to adjust the air volume of the air outlet according to the operating conditions.

[0015] Optionally, the air volume regulating component and the air outlet component are connected by a flexible hose or a corrugated pipe; The air outlet assembly is mounted on the corresponding wall panel of the main chamber via a support shaft, and has the freedom to rotate around the support shaft so that the air outlet assembly can be adjusted within a predetermined angular range. Accordingly, an adjustment structure or adjustment mechanism is provided for adjusting the angle of the air outlet assembly.

[0016] Optionally, the airflow regulating assembly includes a shell-shaped valve body and a valve core installed within the valve body, configured as a gate valve, butterfly valve, or ball valve.

[0017] Optionally, the air volume regulating assembly includes a manifold and a plurality of air inlet pipes manifolded on the manifold; Accordingly, the connecting cavity is provided with an air outlet pipe for connecting to the air outlet assembly.

[0018] Optionally, the air outlet assembly includes: The gas equalization chamber extends laterally into the main chamber; Multiple air intake chambers are connected to the lower side of the air distribution chamber, and the air intake chamber is equipped with a connecting pipe; The converging cavity is connected to the upper side of the gas equalization cavity, and its longitudinal dimension gradually narrows to form a wedge-shaped converging structure; The end of the converging cavity has an air outlet that communicates with the air outlet nozzle.

[0019] Optionally, the converging cavity includes sloping panels that form a first angle with each other; The first panel of the two-slope panel is left at the end, forming the air outlet between it and the second panel; The first slope panel has a first air passage plate at its end, while the second slope panel is equipped with an air outlet gap adjustment plate through a gap adjustment structure or gap adjustment mechanism. Accordingly, the air outlet gap adjusting plate has an adjusting plate body that fits against the second slope panel and a second air passage plate connected to the end of the adjusting plate body, the second air passage plate and the first air passage plate defining the air outlet.

[0020] Optionally, the second slope panel is provided with an adjusting screw perpendicular to the second slope panel; Accordingly, the adjusting plate body is provided with an adjusting straight hole that cooperates with the adjusting screw; A locking nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate body onto the second slope panel via the adjusting screw after the adjusting plate body has been adjusted to the correct position.

[0021] Optionally, the first airway plate and the second airway plate are parallel to each other.

[0022] Optionally, the first included angle is 55°~75°.

[0023] Optionally, an air supply port is provided in the air supply chamber between the air outlet and the cotton outlet.

[0024] Optionally, a set of air inlets is provided on the front and rear sides of the air supply chamber.

[0025] Optionally, the air supply vent is configured as follows: Inside the air supply chamber, a set of cotton guide plate assemblies is provided on the front and rear sides corresponding to the cotton outlet. A pair of guide plates at the same height on the front and rear sides form a downward and relatively inward-facing hopper shape; Air supply channels are formed between adjacent cotton guide plates.

[0026] Optionally, the bottommost cotton guide plate constitutes a fixed cotton-flowing plate; Accordingly, the lower ends of the two cotton-flowing plates fit together to form the cotton outlet; The upper ends of the remaining cotton guide plates are mounted on the corresponding wall panels via rotating shafts, thus having the freedom to rotate around the corresponding rotating shafts; The lower end or lower part of the cotton guide plate forms an adjustment head by passing through the adjustment rod of the corresponding wall panel; The wall panel has an arc-shaped guide hole corresponding to the adjusting rod.

[0027] Optionally, the adjusting head has a screw section; A handwheel nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate onto the wall panel after the corresponding cotton guide plate is adjusted into place.

[0028] Optionally, the cotton passage formed between the lower ends of each set of cotton guide plates from top to bottom gradually decreases.

[0029] Optionally, the number of cotton guide plates can be 2 to 5.

[0030] Compared to the initial design, the seed cotton cleaning equipment according to this invention ensures continuous production. The air outlet of the provided air outlet assembly is located below the cotton feed inlet and continuously supplies air, while throwing the seed cotton introduced from the feed inlet upwards at an angle. During this upward throwing process, the seed cotton is dispersed, facilitating the separation of relatively lightweight components mixed in with the seed cotton, such as dust, foreign fibers, and cotton leaves, which are then captured by the dust cage. The relatively heavy seed cotton falls as the airflow gradually weakens and is discharged from the cotton outlet. Because the cleaning is continuous, rather than batch-based cleaning as in the initial design, production continuity is guaranteed. Furthermore, because it is continuous production, rather than periodically adjusting the airflow rate as in batch-based cleaning, the airflow field within the main chamber is relatively stable, and the airflow's suspending and supporting effect on the seed cotton is easily controlled, effectively preventing the seed cotton from being adsorbed onto the dust cage. Additionally, the use of continuous feeding, rather than periodic feeding, compared to the initial design, makes overall control easier. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a seed cotton processing device in one embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA sectional view.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of Part I.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of Part II.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the blower assembly in one embodiment.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the blower assembly in one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the blower assembly in one embodiment.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment plate assembly in one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the adjustment plate assembly in one embodiment.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the adjustment plate in one embodiment.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the air volume regulating component in one embodiment.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of the airflow regulating component in one embodiment.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air supply plate in one embodiment.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the air supply plate in one embodiment.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of a seed cotton processing device in one embodiment. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustable external support in one embodiment.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Cotton outlet, 2. Base frame, 3. Air volume adjustment component, 4. First motor, 5. Air outlet component, 6. First transmission chain, 7. Middle frame, 8. Cotton guide plate, 9. Opening roller, 10. Feeding roller, 11. Diffusion chamber, 12. Cotton storage box, 13. Inspection door, 14. Impurity removal chamber, 15. Feed inlet, 16. Dust cage, 17. Impurity removal roller, 18. Impurity outlet, 19. First observation window, 20. Second transmission chain, 21. First sealing component, 22. Air replenishment plate, 23. Second motor, 24. Air replenishment channel, 25. Cotton discharge plate, 26. First arc-shaped adjustment hole, 27. Adjustment outer support, 28. Second observation window, 29. Sealing slide plate, 30. Handwheel screw.

[0047] 51. Blower assembly, 52. Adjustment plate assembly, 53. Second sealing assembly, 54. Air outlet, 55. Third sealing assembly.

[0048] 221. Screw sleeve, 222. Air supply plate body, 223. Reinforcing rib, 224. Reinforcing edge with a U-shape.

[0049] 271. First straight guide hole; 272. Support plate; 273. Second arc-shaped adjustment hole; 274. Fixing hole; 275. Second straight guide hole.

[0050] 301. Inlet pipe, 302. Guide block, 303. Lever arm, 304. Valve shaft, 305. Connecting chamber, 306. Outlet pipe, 307. Adjusting bracket, 308. First guide hole, 309. Valve plate.

[0051] 511. Connecting pipe, 512. Inlet chamber, 513. Converging chamber, 514. First airway plate, 515. Outlet, 516. Support shaft, 517. Connecting plate, 518. Adjusting rod, 519. Air equalization chamber.

[0052] 521. Adjusting screw, 522. Nut, 523. Sealing film fixing plate, 524. Reinforcing flange, 525. Base plate, 526. First adjusting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Given that this invention is a further improvement on the original solution, the embodiments of this invention focus on describing the parts that are different from the original solution, while the remaining parts can use the relevant specific implementations in the original solution. Therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, the remaining parts, except for the parts that are different from the original solution, will not be described again. This invention references the original solution in its entirety, and those skilled in the art can apply it as needed or select it within the foreseeable scope.

[0054] It should be understood that, for cotton processing equipment, the machine body usually includes a load-bearing part and a part that cooperates with the load-bearing part to construct the corresponding chamber. The load-bearing part is usually called a wall panel, which is usually made of steel plate; while the part that cooperates with the wall panel to construct the corresponding chamber is generally made of sheet metal.

[0055] The wall panel is used to support bearing seats for, for example, dust cage 16. The axial direction of dust cage 16 is the left-right direction, which is also the side where the wall panel is located. The side where the wall panel is located is the left and right side of the cotton seed cleaning equipment. In cotton processing equipment, left and right are defined, and in most cases, the side where the feed is located is the front side, and the opposite side is the rear side.

[0056] It should be noted that in the field of mechanics, the front-to-back direction is also called the longitudinal direction, the length direction, the head-to-tail direction, etc. The left-to-right direction is also called the transverse direction, the width direction, etc., and the transverse direction also corresponds to the spokes of cotton processing equipment.

[0057] It should be understood that in the mechanical field, "up" and "down" do not specifically refer to being directly above or below, but generally indicate a difference in elevation. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this invention, "up," "down," and other terms such as left, right, inside, outside, front, and back, as well as similar expressions, are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only, and are intended to prevent misunderstanding by those skilled in the art.

[0058] Similarly, statements that are mutually explanatory, such as vertical or horizontal, are also for the purpose of explanation or clarification.

[0059] Additionally, to facilitate the description of the relationship between one component or component and another component or component shown in the accompanying drawings, spatially relative terms, such as "lower," "upper," and similar terms, may be used in embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device during use and operation, in addition to those depicted in the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in the embodiments of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0061] Furthermore, as a special note, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0062] It should be understood that in the field of mechanics, standard geometric terms are typically used to describe approximate mechanical structures, without implying that the mechanical mechanism possesses the exact geometric characteristics corresponding to those terms. For example, an arc-shaped hole actually refers to a part of a fan ring, while a straight hole is a linearly extending strip-shaped hole.

[0063] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 As can be seen from the illustrated structure, the seed cotton cleaning device according to the embodiment of the present invention is similar in appearance to the first-generation solution, with the main difference being the setting position of the cotton outlet 1 and the air inlet method.

[0064] First, let's look at the feeding process. It should be noted that, except for the parts that are improved compared to the first-generation solution, the rest are illustrated using the parts shown in the diagram as examples. These examples are not the only option for the non-improved parts. Figure 2 The figure clearly shows a feeding method. The front side of the main chamber, which includes the impurity removal chamber 14 and the diffusion chamber 11, is a cotton storage box 12. The cotton storage box 12 is set vertically in the figure to buffer the seed cotton introduced from the feed port 15 to ensure the relative continuity of cotton feeding.

[0065] Figure 2In the process, the buffer of the cotton storage box 12 can ensure the relative continuity of cotton feeding. A pair of feeding rollers 10 feed the seed cotton downwards. The seed cotton has a certain degree of compaction. Although the seed cotton entering from the feed inlet 15 has been loosened before being cleaned in some implementations, in some cotton processing plants, the seed cotton entering the subsequent process equipment often has a certain degree of density or is clumped together.

[0066] exist Figure 2 The lower end of the cotton storage box 12 is equipped with an opening roller 9, which is used to open the seed cotton and throw the seed cotton backward to form a cotton feed stream.

[0067] The backward-thrown seed cotton creates a lifting effect, causing it to scatter backward, which facilitates the separation of seed cotton from impurities mixed in with it. In embodiments of this invention, the focus is on separating foreign fibers, broken leaves, dust, and other impurities from the process equipment. However, it should be understood that in the cotton processing field, the impurities expected to be separated do not represent all impurities. In other words, apart from manual cleaning, it is almost impossible for any other cleaning method to completely separate impurities from the seed cotton. Therefore, the concept of impurity removal rate exists in the cotton processing field.

[0068] In the initial design, cotton was fed in portions. First, one portion of seed cotton was fed into the separation chamber, then a large flow of air was introduced, causing the current portion of seed cotton to enter a boiling, suspended state. This caused relatively light impurities to be blown out and captured by the dust cage 16. Then, a small flow of air was introduced or the air intake was stopped, and the cotton outlet 1 opened to discharge the current portion of seed cotton. The next portion of seed cotton was then cleaned. During this cleaning cycle, the airflow rate needed to be varied, causing a chaotic flow field in the main chamber and resulting in numerous problems.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present invention, the position of the cotton outlet 1 is first adjusted. Compared with the first-generation scheme, the position of the cotton outlet 1 is set to be on the lower side of the main chamber so that cotton can be discharged directly from the bottom. The cotton outlet 1 opens downward and mainly uses gravity to discharge cotton.

[0070] For the air outlet component 5, its main function is to further enhance the lifting capacity. In addition to mechanical lifting (opening roller 9), it uses airflow to further throw the seed cotton flow at the position where the airflow is blowing directly, and in the process of throwing it upward, it separates the relatively light impurities from the seed cotton.

[0071] Correspondingly, a dust cage 16 is provided in the upper part of the main chamber. It should be noted that the dust cage 16 is generally connected to an external suction device, and the dust cage 16 is relatively... Figure 2 The impurity removal chamber 14 shown is under negative pressure, which directly sucks away some impurities (such as dust that can pass through the mesh of the dust cage), and adsorbs some impurities onto the mesh surface of the dust cage 16 (such as irregularly shaped fibers such as films that cannot pass through the mesh of the dust cage).

[0072] If the cotton seeds are thrown too high, they may be captured by the dust cage 16 and discharged as debris. In the initial design, due to the chaotic flow field in the main chamber, there might be strong airflows capable of throwing the cotton seeds to the dust cage 16, causing some cotton seeds to be discharged as debris. However, in the embodiments of this invention, since the main purpose is to achieve continuous production, the air output from the air outlet assembly 5 is relatively stable, and the flow field is also relatively stable. Even though some embodiments of this invention consider adjusting the air output of the air outlet assembly 5, this adjustment is a volume adjustment, which is maintained after adjustment, rather than frequent or periodic air supply.

[0073] Based on the above, it is clear that the dust cage 16 is positioned higher than the cotton feed inlet, which is the outlet of the cotton storage box 12, used to feed seed cotton from the cotton storage box 12 into the main chamber.

[0074] The cotton feeder must ensure that the predetermined amount of debris is discharged while preventing the seed cotton from being captured by the dust cage 16. The distance from the lower edge of the cotton feeder to the lower generatrix of the dust cage 16 is denoted as L1, and the distance from the cotton feeder to the rear side of the main chamber is denoted as L2. L2 is approximately equal to L1, but L2 is relatively larger. The difference should not exceed 30%, that is, L2 should be 1.3 times or less than L1, preferably not more than 1.17 times and not less than 1.05 times.

[0075] As dust cage 16 accumulates debris, it affects the air permeability of the dust cage mesh. Therefore, a debris discharge component is usually installed on one side of dust cage 16, such as... Figure 2 The impurity removal roller 17 shown is used to remove impurities adsorbed on the surface of the dust cage mesh.

[0076] The debris-removing roller 17, when used in conjunction with the debris discharge channel, has the characteristics of a closed air valve, which prevents the detached debris from being re-adsorbed onto the dust cage screen. As a result, the debris between the blades of the debris-removing roller 17 rotates to the lower side, it will be discharged from the debris discharge port 18.

[0077] Next, let's look at the air supply method. In the first-generation solution, the air supply method was very clear: it was periodic. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the air supply method of the provided air outlet component 5 is continuous air supply to ensure the continuity of the exhaust and effectively reduce the control difficulty. It should be noted that continuous air supply only requires maintaining stable air supply, while periodic air supply requires periodic control of the air supply device, which is relatively complex.

[0078] The air outlet assembly 5 is located below the cotton feed inlet. The air outlet nozzle 54 of the air outlet assembly 5 is arranged obliquely upward, that is, blowing air obliquely upward. It is used to throw the seed cotton introduced into the cotton feed inlet obliquely upward, thereby generating oblique throwing and causing the seed cotton that gradually loses upward speed to fall down and be discharged from the cotton outlet 1.

[0079] It should be understood that the further away from the air outlet 54 the air supply is, the weaker the wind force becomes. Furthermore, due to the obstruction from newly entering cotton seeds, the cotton seeds initially thrown out gradually lose their projectile momentum and gradually descend under the influence of gravity. During this process, relatively lightweight debris travels a shorter distance and is less likely to settle. Under the same negative pressure conditions generated by the dust cage 16 in the impurity removal chamber, the lightweight debris will continue to rise, while the upward force on the cotton seeds is insufficient to overcome gravity and cause them to fall.

[0080] Regarding the upward projection angle of the air outlet 54, if it is too large, the upward force generated will be too large, which may cause some seed cotton to be directly thrown to a position that can be captured by the dust cage 16. If it is too small, the seed cotton may be thrown too fast and too far in the front-to-back direction, and the impurities it carries will not be easy to separate. After verification, when the angle between the upward projection of the air outlet and the horizontal plane is 63°~71°, it can ensure that less seed cotton is captured by the dust cage 16 and effectively improve the impurity removal rate.

[0081] In a better embodiment, the included angle is 67°.

[0082] Since different moisture regain and impurity content of seed cotton will affect its clumping degree and its specific gravity, different air volumes need to be adapted for seed cotton with different properties in order to reduce the amount of seed cotton captured by the dust cage 16 while achieving a relatively large impurity removal effect.

[0083] In view of this, in a preferred embodiment, an air volume regulating component 3 for controlling the air volume of the air outlet component 5 is provided on the air source pipeline of the air outlet component 5, so as to adjust the air volume of the air outlet nozzle 54 according to the working conditions.

[0084] In addition, Figure 2 As can be seen, a first observation window 19 is also provided on the wall panel in the middle of the main chamber, which is used to observe the cotton seed being thrown by the wind. Workers can adjust the air volume adjustment component 3 according to the observed situation, so as to better control the impurity discharge rate.

[0085] In addition, in some embodiments, the degree of blockage of the dust cage 16 can be determined by monitoring the flow rate of the suction duct of the dust cage 16. The main reason for the blockage is that the dust cage mesh has absorbed too much seed cotton. Based on this correlation, the air volume of the air outlet component 5 can be controlled.

[0086] Furthermore, the air volume regulating component 3 and the air outlet component 5 are connected by a flexible hose or a corrugated pipe so that the air outlet component 5 can maintain a good connection effect while having an appropriate amount of activity.

[0087] Furthermore, the air outlet assembly 5 is mounted on the corresponding wall panel of the main chamber via a support shaft 516, and has the freedom to rotate around the support shaft 516, so that the air outlet assembly 5 can be adjusted within a predetermined angle range, thereby adjusting the air outlet angle of the air outlet 54 to adapt to the current working conditions.

[0088] Accordingly, an adjustment structure or adjustment mechanism is provided for adjusting the angle of the air outlet assembly 5.

[0089] For the angle adjustment of air outlet component 5, see Figures 5-7 In the figure, the support shaft 516 forms the pivot for adjusting the air outlet assembly 5, while the connecting plate 517, as shown in the figure, forms the lever arm. The connecting plate 517 can be fixed to the air distribution chamber 519 shown in the figure, or it can be fixed to the support shaft 516. Furthermore, an adjusting rod 518 is provided at the end of the connecting plate 517, which serves as a handle for applying force.

[0090] Adjusting rod 518 may have a screw section, from Figure 15 and Figure 16 As can be seen in the illustrated structure, an adjustable outer bracket 27 is provided on the corresponding wall panel. The adjustable outer bracket 27 has a second arc-shaped adjustment hole 273. The adjusting rod 518 passes through the second arc-shaped adjustment hole 273. An adjusting locking nut can be provided so that after the air outlet assembly 5 is adjusted to the correct position, tightening the adjusting locking nut can lock the corner position of the air outlet assembly 5.

[0091] To make further adjustments, simply loosen the adjusting nut.

[0092] If a mechanism adjustment is adopted, the connecting plate 517 can be used to form a rocker or crank, and a crank-rocker mechanism or a double-crank mechanism can be used for driving.

[0093] In some embodiments, a pneumatic-hydraulic linkage mechanism can also be used for driving. The most common application of a pneumatic-hydraulic linkage mechanism is in the cargo box of a dump truck, which essentially allows the cargo box to have a range of rotation. Since it is one of the most common engineering application structures in the mechanical field, it will not be elaborated further here.

[0094] Regarding the airflow regulating component 3, in some embodiments, the airflow regulating component 3 includes a tubular valve body and a valve core installed within the valve body, configured as a gate valve, butterfly valve, or ball valve. Airflow regulation can be the adjustment of the valve's opening degree. For example, a gate valve has a typical opening degree adjustment capability; while a ball valve is the most common valve in daily life, such as in faucets, which are widely used due to their low cost and simple control. A butterfly valve achieves opening degree control through rotation. Figure 12 The valve plate 309 in the structure shown is the valve core of the butterfly valve. It is roughly a disc with the valve shaft 304 shown in the figure as the central axis. It is named after its butterfly shape and has a fast opening adjustment speed.

[0095] In comparison, gate valves offer more precise opening control and can be considered a better choice.

[0096] In addition, regarding Figure 12 The control of the butterfly valve constructed herein can be referred to the angle control of the aforementioned air outlet assembly 5, and... Figure 11 and Figure 12 The details are clearly shown in the image, so I will not repeat them here.

[0097] Regarding the air volume adjustment method, the air volume adjustment component 3 further includes a connecting cavity 305 and multiple air inlet pipes 301 connected on the connecting cavity 305, and the valve body is constructed on the air inlet pipes 301, reducing the construction difficulty with a relatively small construction unit.

[0098] Accordingly, the connecting cavity 305 is provided with an air outlet pipe 306 for connecting to the air outlet assembly 5.

[0099] Regarding the number of air inlet pipes 301, it mainly depends on the diameter of the corresponding air outlet pipe 306 under the total air supply flow. If the pipe diameter is too large, making the valve body structure relatively difficult, a relatively large number of air inlet pipes 301 can be selected. For seed cotton cleaning equipment alone, 2 to 4 air inlet pipes 301 are selected, which is suitable for forming a valve body structure that is easy to manually adjust.

[0100] In cotton processing machinery, a common term includes "machine spokes," which refers to the width of the processing functional section in cotton processing equipment. For example, the spokes of a common seed cotton cleaning machine are 2.5m to 6m, meaning that seed cotton is cleaned over a width of 2.5m to 6m. To achieve a higher impurity removal rate, given a fixed seed cotton flow rate, a larger machine spoke results in a thinner seed cotton flow, which is more conducive to separating mixed impurities. For compressed gas, it is usually transported via pipelines, and most gas transport pipelines are circular pipes. To accommodate the machine's movement in the cotton cleaning equipment, the air outlet assembly 5 includes an air distribution chamber 519. This air distribution chamber 519 extends laterally within the main chamber, maximizing its lateral expansion while being as close as possible to the wall panel. If the air outlet assembly 5 is fixedly installed, the air distribution chamber 519 engages with the corresponding wall panel. If the air outlet assembly 5 is configured to have a predetermined angle adjustment capability, it can also engage with the corresponding wall panel, provided that the friction generated during engagement is controllable, thus enabling adjustment. Alternatively, an interference-avoidance gap of 2-4 mm is provided on each side to reduce the impact of manufacturing errors on assembly and to reduce resistance during adjustment.

[0101] Uniform air distribution requires compressed gas to spread laterally in the cotton seed cleaning equipment. If a single air inlet chamber 512 is used, the uniform air distribution effect may be poor due to the influence of the lateral diffusion capacity of the airflow. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, multiple air inlet chambers 512 are provided. These multiple air inlet chambers 512 are connected to the lower side of the uniform air distribution chamber 519. Each air inlet chamber 512 is equipped with a connecting pipe 511 to connect to the air source.

[0102] Multiple air inlet chambers 512 are evenly distributed along the uniform air chamber 519 in the transverse direction. They can also be arranged in a way that is dense in the middle and sparse on both sides. The reason is that there is also a problem of transverse material distribution for seed cotton cleaning equipment. Often the cotton layer in the middle is thicker and the cotton layer on both sides is thinner.

[0103] Furthermore, for the purpose of forced lateral diffusion, the air intake chamber 512 adopts an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the lower base of the isosceles trapezoidal air intake chamber 512 is smaller than the upper base, thus presenting a shape as shown in the figure. Figure 5 The state shown is conducive to the diffusion of gas to both sides.

[0104] Furthermore, one form of assisting outward diffusion is to increase the exhaust pressure. Therefore, a converging chamber 513 is connected to the upper side of the gas equalization chamber 519. Since lateral convergence is not possible, in this embodiment of the invention, longitudinal convergence is adopted to reduce the cross-sectional area of ​​the chamber, thereby increasing the exhaust pressure. Specifically from... Figures 5-7 As can be seen, the lateral dimension of the convergence chamber 513 is the same as the lateral dimension of the gas equalization chamber 519, but from... Figure 5 and Figure 7 As can be seen, the longitudinal converging cavity 513 gradually narrows.

[0105] More specifically, the convergence chamber 513 is assembled by connecting two planar plates at the lower end to the front and rear wall plates of the uniform air chamber 519 and at the upper end to each other, thus forming a ridge-like structure. This gradually reduces the cross-sectional area and increases the wind resistance, which helps the gas to diffuse laterally. That is, the gas is forced to diffuse laterally while being converged at the front and rear.

[0106] In terms of position, the converging cavity 513 is connected to the upper side of the uniform air cavity 519, and gradually narrows in the longitudinal dimension, thus forming a wedge-shaped converging structure. The air outlet 54 is constructed at the end of the wedge-shaped converging structure, thus forming a structure with stronger pressure holding capacity after convergence, which is conducive to generating a strong air curtain. Since the air curtain is relatively thin in terms of its thickness, the cotton seed flow is subjected to limited and short-term impacts when passing through the air curtain, rather than continuous impacts, thus creating a throwing effect.

[0107] In addition, in order to more effectively adjust the air curtain effect of the air outlet 54, the end of the converging cavity 513 has an air outlet 515 that communicates with the air outlet 54. The air pressure of the air outlet 54 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the air outlet 515.

[0108] More specifically, the convergence cavity 513, as previously described, comprises two planar plates, in Figure 7 The middle part is represented by two sloping panels, and the two sloping panels form a ridge-like structure, with a predetermined included angle, which is called the first included angle.

[0109] The first panel of the two-slope panel is left un-defined at its end, forming the air outlet 515 between it and the second panel; here, "un-defined" means that if it were not un-defined, the two-slope panel would intersect at a predetermined position. Or, in other words, the second panel is relatively shorter.

[0110] The first slope panel has a first air duct plate 514 at its end, and the second slope panel is equipped with an air outlet gap adjustment plate through a gap adjustment structure or gap adjustment mechanism. The gap adjustment of the air outlet 54 will result in the adjustment of air pressure, air volume and initial thickness of air curtain to adapt to different working conditions.

[0111] Accordingly, the air outlet gap adjusting plate has an adjusting plate body that fits against the second slope panel and a second air passage plate connected to the end of the adjusting plate body, the second air passage plate and the first air passage plate 514 defining the air outlet 54.

[0112] exist Figure 7 In the illustrated structure, the second slope panel is provided with an adjusting screw 521 perpendicular to the second slope panel; Accordingly, the adjusting plate body is provided with an adjusting straight hole that cooperates with the adjusting screw 521.

[0113] A locking nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate body onto the second slope panel via the adjusting screw 521 after the adjusting plate body has been adjusted to the correct position.

[0114] Furthermore, the first airway plate and the second airway plate are parallel to each other.

[0115] Considering the appropriateness of convergence, the first included angle is 55°~75°, preferably 67°.

[0116] From the above, it can be seen that, firstly, due to the influence of the seed cotton contained in the cotton storage box 12, the amount of gas entering the main chamber through the cotton storage box 12 is negligible. Secondly, for example, the cooperation between the impurity removal roller 19 and the impurity removal channel is similar to that of a closed air valve, so the amount of gas entering the main chamber through the impurity removal channel can also be ignored. The air outlet assembly 5 emits an air curtain-like airflow, which, under the negative pressure traction at the dust cage 16, easily forms a relatively obvious airflow curtain. And... Figure 2In the illustrated structure, the middle part of the main chamber is the diffusion chamber 11, so that the seed cotton can be scattered as much as possible here. The impurities mixed in the scattered seed cotton also need to be directly sucked away or captured by the dust cage 16 based on the suction. However, due to the existence of the aforementioned airflow curtain wall, the suction force at other positions of the diffusion chamber 11 is insufficient, which may lead to a decrease in the impurity removal rate.

[0117] Correspondingly, an air supply port is provided in the chamber between the air outlet 54 and the cotton outlet 1 to supply an appropriate amount of air, thereby forming an upward airflow in the area outside the airflow curtain wall, which is used to push the debris upward until it is sucked away or captured by the dust cage 16. Furthermore, when there is an air supply port, the gas source is no longer limited to the air outlet assembly 5, which helps to expand the range of debris capture by the dust cage 16.

[0118] exist Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the illustrated structure, the air supply port is the inner opening of the air supply channel 24 shown in the figure. The air supply port is located on the front and rear sides of the cotton outlet 1, that is, a set is provided on each side of the cotton outlet 1. In other words, the gas supplied forms an upward airflow relative to the falling cotton seeds, which creates a countercurrent and easily carries up dust or other debris.

[0119] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 The air supply vent is configured as follows: Within the air supply chamber, a set of cotton guide plate assemblies is provided on both the front and rear sides corresponding to the cotton outlet 1, including, for example... Figure 2 and Figure 4 The air supply plate 22 shown may also include a cotton-draining plate 25.

[0120] A pair of guide plates at the same height on the front and rear sides form a downward and relatively inward-curving hopper shape, thus forming a... Figure 2 The symmetrical structure at the front and back facilitates the collection of scattered seed cotton.

[0121] Correspondingly, an air supply channel 24 is formed between adjacent cotton guide plates, and the air supply outlet is the inner opening of the air supply channel 24.

[0122] exist Figure 2 and Figure 4 In the illustrated structure, the bottommost cotton guide plate constitutes a fixed cotton flow plate 25; correspondingly, the lower ends of the two cotton flow plates 25 are fitted together to form the cotton outlet 1.

[0123] Correspondingly, the upper ends of the remaining cotton guide plates are mounted on the corresponding wall panels via rotating shafts, thus having the freedom to rotate around the corresponding rotating shafts; the lower ends or lower parts of the remaining cotton guide plates form adjusting heads by adjusting rods that pass through the corresponding wall panels; the adjustment method of this structural form is described in the previous section on the adjustment method of other types of components with rotating shafts, and will not be repeated here.

[0124] Accordingly, the wall panel has an arc-shaped guide hole corresponding to the adjusting rod for the adjusting rod to pass through.

[0125] Furthermore, the adjusting head has a screw section; A handwheel nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate onto the wall panel after the corresponding cotton guide plate is adjusted into place.

[0126] As a factor substitute, in Figure 15 In the illustrated structure, the handwheel nut is replaced by the handwheel screw 30, while... Figure 13 The air supply plate 22 shown is provided with a screw sleeve 221, and the handwheel screw 30 is connected to the screw sleeve 221.

[0127] Figure 13 In the process, the two ends of the air supply plate 22 are bent into a U-shape to improve its rigidity, forming a U-shaped reinforcing edge 224, and the threaded sleeve 221 is embedded in the groove formed by the U-shaped reinforcing edge 224, and then fixed to the air supply plate 22 by welding.

[0128] exist Figure 2 In the illustrated structure, the cotton passage formed between the lower ends of each set of cotton guide plates gradually decreases from top to bottom, forming an overall bucket-shaped structure, which is conducive to material collection.

[0129] The number of cotton guide plates is 2 to 5.

[0130] The above description is illustrative in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and is not intended to limit the invention. Within the framework of this invention, the above embodiments or different embodiments can be combined without conflict. Although the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention.

Claims

1. A seed cotton processing device, characterized in that, include: The main chamber has a cotton inlet on one side of the middle or upper part and a cotton outlet at the bottom; The dust cage is located in the upper part of the main chamber and is higher than the cotton feed inlet; The debris removal component, located on one side of the dust cage, removes the debris adsorbed by the dust cage. as well as The air outlet assembly is located below the cotton feed inlet. The air outlet nozzle of the air outlet assembly is arranged obliquely upward, which throws the seed cotton introduced into the cotton feed inlet upward and causes the seed cotton that gradually loses upward speed to fall down and be discharged from the cotton outlet.

2. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet is angled upwards at an angle of 63° to 71° with the horizontal plane.

3. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The air outlet assembly is equipped with an air volume adjustment component to adjust the air volume of the air outlet according to the operating conditions.

4. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air volume regulating component and the air outlet component are connected by a flexible hose or a corrugated pipe. The air outlet assembly is mounted on the corresponding wall panel of the main chamber via a support shaft, and has the freedom to rotate around the support shaft so that the air outlet assembly can be adjusted within a predetermined angular range. Accordingly, an adjustment structure or adjustment mechanism is provided for adjusting the angle of the air outlet assembly.

5. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The airflow regulating component includes a shell-shaped valve body and a valve core installed inside the valve body, configured as a gate valve, butterfly valve, or ball valve.

6. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air volume regulating component includes a junction chamber and multiple air inlet pipes connected to the junction chamber; Accordingly, the connecting cavity is provided with an air outlet pipe for connecting to the air outlet assembly.

7. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet assembly includes: The gas equalization chamber extends laterally into the main chamber; Multiple air intake chambers are connected to the lower side of the air distribution chamber, and the air intake chamber is equipped with a connecting pipe; The converging cavity is connected to the upper side of the gas equalization cavity, and its longitudinal dimension gradually narrows to form a wedge-shaped converging structure; The end of the converging cavity has an air outlet that communicates with the air outlet nozzle.

8. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The converging cavity includes sloping panels that form a first angle with each other; The first panel of the two-slope panel is left at the end, forming the air outlet between it and the second panel; The first slope panel has a first air passage plate at its end, while the second slope panel is equipped with an air outlet gap adjustment plate through a gap adjustment structure or gap adjustment mechanism. Accordingly, the air outlet gap adjusting plate has an adjusting plate body that fits against the second slope panel and a second air passage plate connected to the end of the adjusting plate body, the second air passage plate and the first air passage plate defining the air outlet.

9. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second slope panel is provided with an adjusting screw perpendicular to the second slope panel; Accordingly, the adjusting plate body is provided with an adjusting straight hole that cooperates with the adjusting screw; A locking nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate body onto the second slope panel via the adjusting screw after the adjusting plate body has been adjusted to the correct position.

10. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The first airway plate and the second airway plate are parallel to each other.

11. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The first included angle is 55°~75°.

12. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air supply port is provided in the air supply chamber between the air outlet and the cotton outlet.

13. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 12, characterized in that, The air supply inlets are provided on the front and rear sides of the air supply chamber.

14. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that, The air supply inlet is configured as follows: Inside the air supply chamber, a set of cotton guide plate assemblies is provided on the front and rear sides corresponding to the cotton outlet. A pair of guide plates at the same height on the front and rear sides form a downward and relatively inward-facing hopper shape; Air supply channels are formed between adjacent cotton guide plates.

15. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that, The bottommost cotton guide plate constitutes a fixed cotton-flowing plate; Accordingly, the lower ends of the two cotton-flowing plates fit together to form the cotton outlet; The upper ends of the remaining cotton guide plates are mounted on the corresponding wall panels via rotating shafts, thus having the freedom to rotate around the corresponding rotating shafts; The lower end or lower part of the cotton guide plate forms an adjustment head by passing through the adjustment rod of the corresponding wall panel; The wall panel has an arc-shaped guide hole corresponding to the adjusting rod.

16. The seed cotton processing equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that, The adjusting head has a screw section; A handwheel nut is provided to lock the adjusting plate onto the wall panel after the corresponding cotton guide plate is adjusted into place.

17. The seed cotton processing equipment according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The cotton passageway formed between the lower ends of each set of cotton guide plates gradually decreases from top to bottom.

18. The seed cotton processing equipment according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that, The number of cotton guide plates is 2 to 5.

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