Antibacterial and anti-mosquito polyester fabric and preparation method thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611149871.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
AI Technical Summary
[0006]本申请旨在解决现有抗菌防蚊虫涤纶面料存在功能成分结合力弱、耐洗性差、抗菌驱蚊作用谱窄、工艺污染大以及结构设计单一等问题
[0021]1.本申请的有益效果是：通过纤维表面预处理、纳米复合材料构建、紫外光固化交联及二次辐照强化等关键技术，显著提升了功能整理剂与涤纶基材之间的结合强度和稳定性。采用丙烯酸羟乙酯与乙烯基吡咯烷酮混合溶液对涤纶面料进行亲水改性，增强了纤维表面极性，提高了后续功能组分的吸附与固着效率；同时引入氨基改性的二氧化钛纳米颗粒作为载体，与香茅油衍生物复合形成具有协同抗菌驱蚊作用的纳米复合材料，克服了传统单一功能整理剂作用范围窄、耐久性差的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN122980202A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of multilayer composite fabric technology, and more specifically, to an antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric and its preparation method. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, antibacterial and insect-repellent polyester fabrics mostly use chemical finishing agents to functionalize the fabric surface, giving it antibacterial and insect-repellent properties. However, traditional processes generally suffer from problems such as weak bonding between functional components and polyester fibers, poor washability, and short-lasting effects, resulting in a significant decline in the fabric's functionality after multiple washes or long-term use.
[0003] In addition, commonly used antibacterial agents such as quaternary ammonium salts and metal ions, although they have certain antibacterial effects, have limited ability to inhibit a variety of bacteria and pose potential environmental and health risks; while mosquito repellent ingredients are mostly volatile substances, which are difficult to achieve long-term sustained release on polyester substrates, limiting their application in outdoor and high temperature and humidity environments.
[0004] On the other hand, existing technologies for functional finishing fabrics typically rely on high-temperature baking or chemical cross-linking to fix active ingredients, which is not only energy-intensive but may also introduce toxic byproducts, affecting the product's ecological safety. Furthermore, most products employ a single-layer structure design, lacking comprehensive consideration of fabric breathability, comfort, and multifunctional synergy.
[0005] In view of this, a novel antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric and its preparation method are proposed. Through material innovation and process optimization, a strong bond is achieved between the functional components and the polyester substrate, which improves the broad-spectrum and long-lasting antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties, while taking into account environmental protection requirements and wearing comfort. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This application aims to address the problems of existing antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabrics, such as weak bonding of functional components, poor washability, narrow spectrum of antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects, large amount of process pollution, and simple structural design.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial and insect-repellent polyester fabric, comprising the following steps:
[0008] Step 1: Polyester filaments are used as warp and weft yarns respectively and spun into polyester base fabric using a weaving process. The polyester base fabric is pretreated in a mixed aqueous solution containing hydroxyethyl acrylate and vinylpyrrolidone. During the pretreatment process, the pH value of the mixed aqueous solution is adjusted to 7.0–8.0 and the temperature is controlled at 60–80℃ to cause a chemical reaction on the surface of the polyester fibers, introducing polar functional groups. The reaction lasts for 1–2 hours. After the reaction is completed, the polyester base fabric is washed and dried in sequence to remove residual reagents and moisture, and the pretreated polyester fabric is obtained.
[0009] Step 2: Add titanium dioxide nanoparticles to ethanol and stir to disperse them evenly to form a titanium dioxide dispersion. Add γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the titanium dioxide dispersion and react for 4–6 hours at a stirring speed of 400–600 r / min and a temperature of 60–80℃ to induce silanization modification on the surface of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. After the reaction, filter, wash and dry the reaction product to obtain amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Then, mix the amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles with citronella oil derivatives at a mass ratio of 1:3–5 to obtain a mixture. Place the mixture in a light-proof environment and perform ultrasonic dispersion treatment at a frequency of 40–60 Hz for 30–60 minutes to uniformly load the citronella oil derivatives onto the surface of the amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles, thus obtaining a nanocomposite material with synergistic antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects.
[0010] Step 3: Immerse the pretreated polyester fabric obtained in Step 1 into the nanocomposite solution obtained in Step 2. Add 0.5%–1% photoinitiator to the nanocomposite solution, and irradiate it under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm for 20–40 minutes to promote the photoinitiated cross-linking and curing reaction between the nanocomposite material and the surface of the polyester fiber, forming a stable and washable functional coating. After the ultraviolet light irradiation is completed, perform a liquid-rolling treatment on the impregnated polyester fabric to remove excess liquid. Then, wash and dry the polyester fabric after removing excess liquid to remove unreacted residues and obtain a modified polyester fabric with long-lasting antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties.
[0011] Step 4: Select microporous polyester filaments as the inner warp and weft yarns, and make the inner fabric through weaving. Use the modified polyester fabric obtained in Step 3 as the outer fabric, and then heat-press it together with the inner fabric in equal areas to obtain a double-layer polyester fabric with antibacterial and mosquito-repellent functions.
[0012] Furthermore, in step one, the warp density of the polyester fabric is 160–170 threads / cm, the weft density is 80–90 threads / cm, and the weight of the polyester fabric is controlled within the range of 100–130 g / m².
[0013] Furthermore, in step one, the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl acrylate to vinylpyrrolidone is 1:1.
[0014] Furthermore, in step two, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 1:3–5.
[0015] Furthermore, the ultrasonic dispersion process in step two is carried out in a light-protected environment. The mixture to be dispersed is placed in an ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic frequency is set to 40–60 Hz. The duration of the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is 30–60 minutes.
[0016] Furthermore, the ultraviolet irradiation time in step three is set to 25–35 minutes, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet light source is controlled to 365 nm.
[0017] Furthermore, after the UV curing step in step three is completed, the polyester fabric with the preliminary functional coating is subjected to UV irradiation strengthening treatment, and the polyester fabric is subjected to secondary irradiation using UV light with a wavelength of 254nm and a dose of 50–100mJ / cm².
[0018] Furthermore, in step four, the inner layer fabric made of microporous polyester filaments has a warp density of 165–175 threads / cm, a weft density of 120–140 threads / cm, and a weight of 110–140 g / m².
[0019] Furthermore, in step four, the microporous polyester filament is composed of irregularly shaped cross-section fibers, with the irregular cross-section having a "Y"-shaped structure.
[0020] Furthermore, on the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric.
[0021] 1. The beneficial effects of this application are: through key technologies such as fiber surface pretreatment, nanocomposite material construction, ultraviolet curing crosslinking, and secondary irradiation strengthening, the bonding strength and stability between functional finishing agents and polyester substrates are significantly improved. Hydrophilic modification of polyester fabric using a mixed solution of hydroxyethyl acrylate and vinylpyrrolidone enhances fiber surface polarity and improves the adsorption and fixation efficiency of subsequent functional components. Simultaneously, amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles are introduced as a carrier, which, combined with citronella oil derivatives, forms a nanocomposite material with synergistic antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects, overcoming the problems of narrow scope and poor durability of traditional single-functional finishing agents.
[0022] 2. The beneficial effects of this application are: It innovatively adopts ultraviolet curing technology to enable the nanocomposite material to undergo an in-situ cross-linking reaction on the surface of polyester fiber, forming a stable functional coating. Furthermore, the fabric is subjected to secondary irradiation with ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 254nm and a dose of 50–100mJ / cm², which improves the density of the coating and the retention rate of functional components, significantly enhancing the durability of antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties. In addition, through a double-layer structure design, the functional finishing fabric is hot-pressed and composited with a microporous polyester inner layer, which improves the breathability and wearing comfort of the fabric while ensuring functionality. The overall process is green and environmentally friendly, with controllable parameters, and has good prospects for industrial application.
[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0025] Figure 1 This is an overall structural process block diagram according to an embodiment of this application;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a process flowchart of step one according to an embodiment of this application;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a process flowchart for step two according to an embodiment of this application;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a process flowchart for step three according to an embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a process flowchart for step four according to an embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a microporous polyester filament according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0032] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, illustrates an antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric and its preparation method according to an embodiment of this application.
[0033] like Figures 1-6As shown, a method for preparing an antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to an embodiment of this application includes the following steps:
[0034] Step 1: Preparation and Surface Pretreatment of Polyester Base Fabric
[0035] Polyester filaments are used as warp and weft yarns respectively, and a polyester base fabric is woven using a shuttle weaving process. The warp and weft densities of the polyester base fabric are 160–170 threads / cm (warp density) and 80–90 threads / cm (weft density), respectively, and the weight of the polyester base fabric is controlled within the range of 100–130 g / m². By reasonably configuring the warp and weft densities, the polyester base fabric can maintain breathability while having good functional finishing and load-bearing capacity, and at the same time take into account wearing comfort and mechanical strength.
[0036] Subsequently, the obtained polyester base fabric underwent surface hydrophilic modification treatment. Hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and vinylpyrrolidone (VP) were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1 to prepare a mixed aqueous solution. This ratio can maximize the balance between the hydrophilicity of the fiber surface and the mechanical strength, which enhances the adsorption capacity of the polyester fiber for functional finishing agents without causing excessive swelling or damage to the fiber. The pH value of the mixed aqueous solution was adjusted to 7.0–8.0, and the polyester base fabric was placed in the mixed aqueous solution and reacted at 60–80℃ for 1–2 hours to cause a chemical reaction on the surface of the polyester fiber, introducing polar functional groups, thereby improving the hydrophilicity of the fiber and the adsorption capacity of subsequent functional components.
[0037] After the reaction is complete, the polyester base fabric is washed with water to remove residual reagents, and then dried to obtain pretreated polyester fabric.
[0038] Step 2: Preparation of nanocomposite materials with synergistic antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects
[0039] Titanium dioxide nanoparticles were added to ethanol and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. Then, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was added to the dispersion, with the mass ratio of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) controlled at 1:3–5. The reaction was carried out for 4–6 hours at a stirring speed of 400–600 r / min and a temperature of 60–80 °C, which caused a silanization modification reaction on the surface of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles, introducing active amino functional groups, thereby enhancing their surface reactivity and binding ability with other functional components.
[0040] After the reaction, the product was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Subsequently, the amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles were mixed with citronella oil derivatives at a mass ratio of 1:3–5 to obtain a mixture. The amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles covalently bond with the citronella oil derivatives through surface-active groups, significantly improving the loading efficiency of the citronella oil derivatives on the nanoparticle surface and its sustained-release performance in subsequent applications. Simultaneously, under light irradiation, titanium dioxide can generate free radicals, further enhancing the antibacterial effect and achieving a synergistic effect between photocatalysis and natural mosquito-repellent components. This ratio range effectively achieves the amino-modification of the titanium dioxide surface, improving its interfacial compatibility and chemical bonding stability with the citronella oil derivatives, thereby enhancing the synergistic antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects of the composite material.
[0041] Citronellol oil derivatives are products obtained by esterification of citronellol and acetic anhydride in the presence of a catalyst. They have higher volatility inhibition ability and stronger hydrophobicity, which can effectively prolong their residence time on fabrics.
[0042] The above mixture was placed in a light-protected environment and ultrasonically dispersed at a frequency of 40–60 Hz for 30–60 minutes to break up the aggregation of nanoparticles and improve the uniform distribution of citronella oil derivatives on the titanium dioxide surface. These process parameters help obtain nanocomposites with uniform particle size distribution, high activity, and good stability, ensuring that the prepared nanocomposites possess excellent antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties. Ultimately, a multifunctional nanocomposite with synergistic effects is obtained, suitable for the functional finishing of textiles.
[0043] Step 3: UV curing and strengthening treatment of the functional coating
[0044] The pretreated polyester fabric obtained in step one is immersed in the nanocomposite solution prepared in step two, so that the functional components are fully adsorbed on the surface of the polyester fibers. 0.5%–1% of a photoinitiator (such as Irgacure2959) is added to the solution, and the solution is irradiated under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm for 25–35 minutes to promote the photoinitiated cross-linking and curing reaction between the nanocomposite material and the surface of the polyester fibers, forming a stable and washable functional coating.
[0045] The nanocomposite material contains C=C double bonds, which can undergo cross-linking reaction with free radicals generated by photoinitiators under ultraviolet light excitation, thereby forming a three-dimensional network structure functional coating on the surface of polyester fibers, further enhancing the bonding force between functional components and fibers and the wash resistance.
[0046] After UV irradiation, the impregnated polyester fabric undergoes a padding process, with the padding rate controlled at 70%–80% to remove excess liquid. Subsequently, it is washed and dried to remove unreacted residues, resulting in a modified polyester fabric with long-lasting antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties.
[0047] To further enhance the density and adhesion stability of the functional coating, after the initial UV curing, the polyester fabric with the preliminary functional coating is subjected to UV irradiation strengthening treatment. The fabric is irradiated a second time with UV light at a wavelength of 254nm and a dose of 50–100mJ / cm², which further cross-links and cures the unreacted functional groups in the coating, significantly improving the durability and adhesion of the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent components. At the same time, it improves the anti-friction performance of the coating, ensuring that the fabric can maintain a stable antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effect during multiple washes and actual wear.
[0048] Step 4: Composite molding of double-layer polyester fabric
[0049] The inner layer fabric is made from polyester filaments with a microporous structure as both warp and weft yarns, using a weaving process. The warp density of the inner layer fabric is 165–175 threads / cm, the weft density is 120–140 threads / cm, and the weight is controlled within the range of 110–140 g / m². This structural design not only improves the overall breathability and moisture-wicking performance of the fabric but also provides a good supporting framework for the outer functional coating, avoiding problems such as stiffness or discomfort caused by an excessively thick functional layer.
[0050] Microporous polyester filaments are composed of fibers with irregular cross-sections, preferably with a "Y"-shaped cross-section structure. Their surfaces have more grooves and gaps, which can effectively increase the capillary effect and air circulation between fibers, thereby further enhancing the fabric's moisture-wicking and quick-drying capabilities as well as its breathability and comfort.
[0051] The modified polyester fabric obtained in step three is used as the outer layer fabric. After being stacked with the inner layer fabric of the above in equal areas, a hot-pressing composite process is used to achieve a firm bond between the two layers. The hot-pressing temperature is controlled at 120–140℃, the pressure is 0.2–0.4MPa, and the time is set to 10–20 seconds. Under these process conditions, no additional adhesive is needed. Self-adhesion can be achieved by the interfacial melting between the microporous polyester filament and the outer layer fabric. This ensures the stability of the composite structure and avoids the adverse effects of chemical adhesives on the functionality and environmental protection of the fabric.
[0052] The resulting antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric not only possesses excellent antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties, but also boasts good breathability, moisture absorption, and wearing comfort. It is suitable for various high-end textile fields that require both functionality and comfort, such as outdoor sportswear, children's clothing, and military protective clothing.
[0053] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric.
[0054] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0055] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Polyester filaments are used as warp and weft yarns respectively and spun into polyester base fabric using a weaving process. The polyester base fabric is pretreated in a mixed aqueous solution containing hydroxyethyl acrylate and vinylpyrrolidone. During the pretreatment process, the pH value of the mixed aqueous solution is adjusted to 7.0–8.0 and the temperature is controlled at 60–80℃ to cause a chemical reaction on the surface of the polyester fibers, introducing polar functional groups. The reaction lasts for 1–2 hours. After the reaction is completed, the polyester base fabric is washed and dried in sequence to remove residual reagents and moisture, and the pretreated polyester fabric is obtained. Step 2: Add titanium dioxide nanoparticles to ethanol and stir to disperse them evenly to form a titanium dioxide dispersion. Add γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the titanium dioxide dispersion and react for 4–6 hours at a stirring speed of 400–600 r / min and a temperature of 60–80℃ to induce silanization modification on the surface of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. After the reaction, filter, wash and dry the reaction product to obtain amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Then, mix the amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles with citronella oil derivatives at a mass ratio of 1:3–5 to obtain a mixture. Place the mixture in a light-proof environment and perform ultrasonic dispersion treatment at a frequency of 40–60 Hz for 30–60 minutes to uniformly load the citronella oil derivatives onto the surface of the amino-modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles, thus obtaining a nanocomposite material with synergistic antibacterial and mosquito-repellent effects. Step 3: Immerse the pretreated polyester fabric obtained in Step 1 into the nanocomposite solution obtained in Step 2. Add 0.5%–1% photoinitiator to the nanocomposite solution, and irradiate it under ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm for 20–40 minutes to promote the photoinitiated cross-linking and curing reaction between the nanocomposite material and the surface of the polyester fiber, forming a stable and washable functional coating. After the ultraviolet light irradiation is completed, perform a liquid-rolling treatment on the impregnated polyester fabric to remove excess liquid. Then, wash and dry the polyester fabric after removing excess liquid to remove unreacted residues and obtain a modified polyester fabric with long-lasting antibacterial and mosquito-repellent properties. Step 4: Select microporous polyester filaments as the inner warp and weft yarns, and make the inner fabric through weaving. Use the modified polyester fabric obtained in Step 3 as the outer fabric, and then heat-press it together with the inner fabric in equal areas to obtain a double-layer polyester fabric with antibacterial and mosquito-repellent functions.
2. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the warp density of the polyester fabric is 160–170 threads / cm, the weft density is 80–90 threads / cm, and the weight of the polyester fabric is controlled within the range of 100–130 g / m².
3. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step one, the mass ratio of hydroxyethyl acrylate to vinylpyrrolidone is 1:
1.
4. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 1:3–5.
5. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ultrasonic dispersion process in step two is carried out in a light-proof environment. The mixture to be dispersed is placed in an ultrasonic device, and the ultrasonic frequency is set to 40–60 Hz. The duration of the ultrasonic dispersion treatment is 30–60 minutes.
6. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultraviolet irradiation time in step three is set to 25–35 minutes, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet light source is controlled to 365 nm.
7. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the UV curing step in step three is completed, the polyester fabric with the preliminary functional coating is subjected to UV irradiation strengthening treatment. The polyester fabric is irradiated a second time with UV light at a wavelength of 254nm and a dose of 50–100mJ / cm².
8. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the inner layer fabric made of microporous polyester filaments has a warp density of 165–175 threads / cm, a weft density of 120–140 threads / cm, and a weight of 110–140 g / m².
9. The method for preparing the antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step four, the microporous polyester filament is composed of irregularly shaped cross-section fibers, with the irregular cross-section having a "Y"-shaped structure.
10. An antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric prepared by the method of preparing antibacterial and mosquito-repellent polyester fabric as described in any one of claims 1-9.