Roadbed with vibration reduction and anti-freezing functions, construction method and construction device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of roadbed construction, and particularly relates to a roadbed with vibration reduction and anti-freezing functions, a construction method and a construction device, which comprise a gravel cushion layer, a composite waterproof and drainage heat preservation layer, a flexible reinforced layer, a base bed bottom filling layer and a base bed surface filling layer. The gravel cushion layer blocks the upward movement of capillary water, the composite waterproof and drainage heat preservation layer comprises an anti-seepage geomembrane, a heat preservation plate and a composite waterproof and drainage plate, has temperature insulation and drainage functions, and the flexible reinforced layer comprises a plurality of layers of geogrids and gravel cushion flat layers and is used for restraining lateral displacement and dissipating vibration energy. The application realizes the synergistic effect of the functional layers through integrated design of the anti-freezing and vibration reduction functions, effectively improves the long-term service performance and construction quality of the roadbed in severe cold regions by combining online detection of the water content and automatic water supply in the rolling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of roadbed construction technology, specifically a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, construction method and construction device. Background Technology

[0002] Railway subgrade is a geotechnical structure that bears the weight of the track structure and the dynamic load of trains, and is the foundation for ensuring the safe and stable operation of railways. In railway engineering in frigid regions, the subgrade faces the dual threats of frost heave and vibration from train dynamic loads. These two types of problems are coupled and exacerbate each other, becoming a core challenge restricting the operational safety and service life of railways in cold regions. Specifically:

[0003] In terms of frost protection, seasonal freeze-thaw cycles cause repeated freezing and thawing of moisture in the subgrade soil, resulting in uneven frost heave and thaw settlement deformation. Uneven frost heave in the subgrade causes dynamic responses that interact between trains and tracks, reducing the service performance of the track structure and jeopardizing traffic safety. Conventional drainage measures can only remove gravitational water from saturated soil, but under freeze-thaw cycle conditions, unsaturated soil will still experience significant frost heave; while single insulation measures cannot solve the problems of moisture migration and drainage. Existing frost protection technologies often only address a single factor (fill material, moisture, or temperature), lacking a systematic and synergistic prevention and control plan.

[0004] In terms of vibration reduction, the continuous dynamic load generated by train operation is transmitted to the roadbed through the track, triggering a vibration response in the roadbed and surrounding strata. When the roadbed experiences frost heave deformation, the track geometry changes, further exacerbating the dynamic response of the vehicle-track-roadbed system, and in severe cases, even threatening traffic safety. Existing roadbed vibration reduction technologies are mostly limited to vibration source control or vibration-affected body protection, with relatively few applications of vibration reduction measures along the propagation path. While new vibration-reducing materials (such as foamed lightweight soil) have a certain vibration reduction effect on the surface layer of the subgrade, they are inferior to traditional materials in terms of vibration reduction at the bottom layer of the subgrade.

[0005] More importantly, existing antifreeze and vibration reduction measures are usually designed and implemented independently, which not only increases the complexity and cost of the project, but also leads to a decline in the overall structural integrity due to the lack of coordination between different functional layers, thus accelerating the deterioration of service performance.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, a construction method and a construction device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background art is solved.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, comprising a crushed stone cushion layer, a composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer, a flexible reinforcement layer, a subgrade bottom filling layer and a subgrade surface filling layer laid from bottom to top.

[0009] The crushed stone cushion layer is laid on the treated foundation to block capillary water from rising and to provide a uniform bearing surface for the superstructure.

[0010] The composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer is laid on the crushed stone cushion layer and includes, from bottom to top, an impermeable geomembrane, a thermal insulation board, and a composite waterproof and thermal insulation board; the thermal insulation board is an extruded polystyrene board or a polyurethane foam board, used to prevent the expansion of the lower frost depth into the roadbed; the composite waterproof and thermal insulation board is used to laterally drain infiltrated water from the roadbed area.

[0011] The flexible reinforcement layer is laid on the composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer, including multiple layers of geogrid and a crushed stone leveling layer sandwiched between two adjacent geogrid layers; the ends of the geogrid are anchored in the slopes on both sides of the roadbed to constrain the lateral displacement of the roadbed fill and dissipate the vibration energy generated by the dynamic load of the train.

[0012] The subgrade bottom filling layer is laid on top of the flexible reinforcement layer and is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil or sandy soil, with a particle size of no more than 200mm.

[0013] The surface filling layer of the subgrade is laid on top of the bottom filling layer of the subgrade, and is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand, with a particle size of no more than 100mm.

[0014] A construction method for a roadbed with vibration reduction and frost protection functions, the method being used for constructing the aforementioned roadbed, includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Construction preparation: Clear the surface vegetation and topsoil within the roadbed area, construct a temporary drainage system, and conduct construction surveying and setting out.

[0016] S2. Foundation treatment: Excavation and replacement or heavy compaction treatment of foundation soil that does not meet the design requirements.

[0017] S3. Laying a crushed stone cushion layer: Laying a crushed stone cushion layer on the treated foundation and compacting it;

[0018] S4. Laying composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer: Lay impermeable geomembrane, thermal insulation board and composite waterproof and thermal insulation board sequentially from bottom to top on the surface of crushed stone cushion layer;

[0019] S5. Laying a flexible reinforcement layer: Geogrids are laid in layers on the surface of the composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer. Each time a layer of geogrid is laid, a layer of crushed stone leveling layer is laid on it and compacted.

[0020] S6. Laying the bottom layer of the subgrade: Gravelly soil, crushed stone soil or sandy soil are used to fill the surface of the flexible reinforced layer in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The layer is compacted by using a water-replenishing roller.

[0021] S7. Laying the surface filling layer of the subgrade: Gravel soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand are used to fill the surface of the bottom filling layer of the subgrade in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The layer is compacted by using a water-replenishing roller.

[0022] S8, Roadbed slope shaping and ancillary works construction.

[0023] The specific operating steps of the water-supplemented compaction device described in steps S6 and S7 are as follows:

[0024] N1. The roller moves forward to compact the subgrade fill material. At the same time, the roller rolls forward along the subgrade to be compacted. The sensor probe on the surface of the roller intermittently contacts the surface of the fill material as the roller rotates, and measures the moisture content of the fill material in real time.

[0025] N2. When the moisture content of the packing is lower than the preset range, the water in the water tank enters the water supply cylinder through the delivery pump and delivery pipe, and is sprayed out evenly downwards along the nozzle.

[0026] N3. Water from the nozzle is sprayed onto the front half of the roller surface. The water first wets the roller surface and then flows down the roller to the surface of the subgrade filler to replenish the filler with moisture.

[0027] A construction device for roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, which is applied to the above construction method, specifically the water-replenishing compaction device described in steps S6 and S7, including a road roller, a detection component and a water replenishment component;

[0028] The detection component is located in front of the roller of the road roller and measures the moisture content of the road filler in real time through a sensor probe;

[0029] The detection assembly includes a fixed box, a support member, and rollers; the support member is located below the fixed box, and the rollers are rotatably connected inside the support member; the rollers have mounting grooves on their surfaces; and a sensor probe is installed inside the mounting grooves.

[0030] The water replenishment component automatically replenishes water to the road surface when the moisture content of the filler is low, based on the measurement results of the detection component.

[0031] The water replenishment assembly includes a water tank, a delivery pipe, a delivery pump, and a water replenishment cylinder; the delivery pump is connected between the water tank and the delivery pipe; the delivery pipe is connected to the water replenishment cylinder, and a set of nozzles are evenly distributed on the lower side of the water replenishment cylinder.

[0032] Preferably, the water supply cylinder is mounted diagonally above the front of the roller, with the nozzle facing the roller.

[0033] Preferably, a set of trigger chambers are evenly distributed inside the roller; a connecting rod is slidably connected between the trigger chamber and the surface of the roller; a pressure plate is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod outside the roller; a return spring is provided between the pressure plate and the roller; an elastic sheet is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod inside the trigger chamber; and a set of elastic blocks are evenly distributed inside the trigger chamber.

[0034] Preferably, an electric cylinder is fixedly connected inside the fixing box; a limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support; a floating block is provided inside the limiting cylinder; a buffer spring is provided between the floating block and the limiting cylinder; and the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder extends into the limiting cylinder and is fixedly connected to the floating block.

[0035] Preferably, a counterweight is provided inside the roller at a position away from the mounting groove; a through groove is provided on the top of the support; a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing box; a motor is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting plate; a flexible plate is rotatably connected to the lower side of the mounting plate, and the flexible plate is connected to the motor for transmission; the flexible plate is made of elastic porous water-absorbing material.

[0036] Preferably, the floating block and the limiting cylinder are in sliding sealing cooperation; the mounting plate is designed as a hollow structure, and a set of guide holes are evenly distributed on its lower side; a flexible tube connects the bottom of the limiting cylinder and the mounting plate.

[0037] Preferably, a magnet is fixedly connected inside the mounting plate; a set of magnetic balls are evenly distributed around the circumference inside the flexible plate.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. The present invention discloses a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, a construction method, and a construction device. By integrating the antifreeze and vibration reduction functions into a single design, the synergistic effect of the two functions is achieved: the insulation board not only blocks the frost depth but also provides a stable temperature environment for the superstructure, avoiding the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the fill material caused by freeze-thaw cycles, thus ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the vibration reduction structure; the flexible reinforcement layer dissipates vibration energy while enhancing the overall integrity of the roadbed and suppressing uneven frost heave deformation; the crushed stone cushion layer and composite drainage board remove moisture while ensuring that the moisture content of the roadbed fill material is in the optimal compaction state, providing a solid rigidity foundation for vibration reduction. A positive feedback loop is formed between the functional layers, comprehensively improving the long-term service performance and driving safety of the roadbed in severe cold and complex environments.

[0040] 2. The present invention discloses a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, a construction method, and a construction device. A compaction roller moves forward to compact the roadbed fill material. Simultaneously, the roller rolls forward along the roadbed to be compacted. Sensor probes on the roller surface intermittently contact the fill material surface as the roller rotates, measuring the moisture content of the fill material on the roadbed surface in real time. The detected moisture content data is transmitted to the control system. When the moisture content of the fill material is lower than the preset optimal compaction range, the control system automatically starts the delivery pump, sending water from the water tank into the water supply cylinder through a delivery pipe. Finally, water is discharged through the lower side of the water supply cylinder... The nozzles spray water evenly to replenish the low moisture content of the roadbed area. Once the moisture content of the fill material is detected to have returned to the optimal range, the delivery pump stops working and water replenishment ceases. This ensures that the fill material remains within a suitable moisture content range during the compaction process. While improving the compaction density of the roadbed, it avoids excessive or insufficient moisture affecting the quality of roadbed construction. It also eliminates the need for construction personnel to repeatedly check and replenish water in advance. This invention integrates the water spraying function into the road roller, completely eliminating the need for a water truck to follow closely. It also avoids water evaporation or missing the optimal compaction window due to waiting for the water truck before the road roller compacts.

[0041] 3. The roadbed, construction method, and construction device with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions described in this invention involve the rollers rotating synchronously on the roadbed surface during the compaction operation of a road roller. When the pressure plate rotates to the bottom and contacts the roadbed fill material, the pressure plate is subjected to compressive force and moves closer to the rollers, pushing the connecting rod to move into the trigger cavity. During the movement of the elastic plate at the end of the connecting rod, it passes through the elastic block in the trigger cavity in sequence and is continuously squeezed by the elastic block, resulting in elastic deformation and generating high-frequency vibration. This causes the connecting rod and the pressure plate to vibrate synchronously, and the pressure plate then transmits the vibration to the surface layer of the roadbed. This high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration can break the static balance between the filler particles. On the one hand, it promotes micro-cracks in the surface crust or pseudo-dry layer, opening capillary channels and allowing the lower layer of water to seep back upward under capillary action, reducing the unevenness of dryness and wetness caused by the evaporation of surface water. On the other hand, the micro-disturbance of particles caused by vibration can improve the contact state between particles in the filler, allowing the locally enriched water to diffuse to the surrounding relatively dry areas, achieving the homogenization of surface filler moisture. This improves the representativeness of the data measured by the sensor probe when it contacts the filler. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the roadbed in this invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water-supplemented compaction device in this invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component in this invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure in this invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting cylinder in this invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the roller in this invention;

[0049] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0050] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0051] In the diagram: 1. Crushed stone cushion layer; 2. Composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer; 3. Flexible reinforcement layer; 4. Subgrade bottom filling layer; 5. Subgrade surface filling layer; 6. Road roller; 7. Sensor probe; 8. Fixing box; 9. Support component; 10. Roller; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Water tank; 13. Conveying pipe; 14. Water supply cylinder; 15. Compactor roller; 16. Trigger chamber; 17. Connecting rod; 18. Pressure plate; 19. Reset spring; 20. Elastic sheet; 21. Elastic block; 22. Electric cylinder; 23. Limiting cylinder; 24. Floating block; 25. Buffer spring; 26. Counterweight; 27. Mounting plate; 28. Motor; 29. ​​Flexible plate; 30. Guide hole; 31. Flexible hose; 32. Magnet; 33. Magnetic ball. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions of the present invention includes, from bottom to top, a crushed stone cushion layer 1, a composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer 2, a flexible reinforcement layer 3, a subgrade bottom filling layer 4, and a subgrade surface filling layer 5.

[0054] The crushed stone cushion layer 1 is laid on the treated foundation to block capillary water from rising and to provide a uniform bearing surface for the superstructure.

[0055] The composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer 2 is laid on the crushed stone cushion layer 1 and includes an impermeable geomembrane, a thermal insulation board and a composite waterproof and thermal insulation board arranged sequentially from bottom to top; the thermal insulation board is an extruded polystyrene board or a polyurethane foam board, used to prevent the expansion of the lower frost depth into the roadbed; the composite waterproof and thermal insulation board is used to guide the infiltrated water laterally out of the roadbed area.

[0056] The flexible reinforcement layer 3 is laid on the composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer 2, including multiple layers (preferably 2 to 4 layers) of geogrid and a crushed stone leveling layer sandwiched between two adjacent geogrid layers; the ends of the geogrid are anchored in the slopes on both sides of the roadbed to constrain the lateral displacement of the roadbed fill and dissipate the vibration energy generated by the dynamic load of the train.

[0057] The subgrade bottom filling layer 4 is laid on top of the flexible reinforcement layer 3, and is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil or sandy soil, with a particle size of no more than 200mm.

[0058] The surface filling layer 5 of the subgrade is laid on top of the bottom filling layer 4 of the subgrade, and is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand, and the particle size of the filling material is not greater than 100mm.

[0059] In terms of frost protection, the present invention can form multiple lines of defense: the crushed stone cushion layer 1 uses its large pore structure to block the capillary water rising channel and inhibit the source of frost heave water from the source; the insulation board effectively blocks the extension of the lower frost depth into the roadbed; the composite drainage board laterally guides the infiltrated water out of the roadbed range to avoid water accumulation at the freezing front; and the gravel soil, crushed stone soil and other coarse-particle fillers used in the bottom layer of the subgrade are themselves non-frost heave sensitive materials.

[0060] In terms of vibration reduction, the present invention can form a dual energy dissipation mechanism of structure and materials: the alternating laying of multi-layer geogrids and crushed stone leveling layers in the flexible reinforcement layer 3 utilizes the frictional interlocking effect between the geogrid and the crushed stone to convert vibration energy into heat energy dissipation. The ends of the geogrid are anchored in the slopes on both sides of the roadbed, which can effectively constrain the lateral displacement of the fill material under the dynamic load of the train. The high-quality coarse-particle fill materials such as gravel soil, crushed stone soil, and gravelly sand used in the surface layer of the subgrade are compacted to form a high-rigidity plate structure, which can rapidly and evenly distribute the dynamic load of the train.

[0061] This invention integrates antifreeze and vibration reduction functions into a single design, achieving synergistic effects between the two: the insulation board not only blocks frost depth but also provides a stable temperature environment for the superstructure, preventing the deterioration of the filler's mechanical properties caused by freeze-thaw cycles, thus ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the vibration-damping structure; the flexible reinforcement layer 3 dissipates vibration energy while enhancing the overall integrity of the roadbed and suppressing uneven frost heave deformation; the crushed stone cushion layer 1 and the composite drainage board remove moisture while ensuring the roadbed filler's moisture content is at its optimal compaction state, providing a solid rigidity foundation for vibration reduction. A positive feedback loop is formed between the functional layers, comprehensively improving the long-term service performance and driving safety of the roadbed in severe cold and complex environments.

[0062] A construction method for a roadbed with vibration reduction and frost protection functions, the method being used for constructing the aforementioned roadbed, includes the following steps:

[0063] S1. Construction preparation: Clear the surface vegetation and topsoil within the roadbed area, construct a temporary drainage system, and conduct construction surveying and setting out.

[0064] S2. Foundation treatment: Excavation and replacement or heavy compaction treatment of foundation soil that does not meet the design requirements.

[0065] S3. Laying crushed stone cushion layer 1: Laying crushed stone cushion layer 1 on the treated foundation and compacting it;

[0066] S4. Laying Composite Drainage and Insulation Layer 2: On the surface of the crushed stone cushion layer 1, lay the impermeable geomembrane, insulation board and composite drainage board in sequence from bottom to top; the overlap width of the impermeable geomembrane shall not be less than 30cm, and the adjacent sections shall be hot-melt welded. When laying the insulation board, the board joints shall be staggered and the gap between the board joints shall not be greater than 5mm. The main ribs of the composite drainage board shall be arranged along the cross section of the roadbed. Adjacent composite drainage boards shall be overlapped or horizontally spliced ​​and fixed with U-shaped nails.

[0067] S5. Laying flexible reinforcement layer 3: On the surface of composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer 2, geogrid is laid in layers. For each layer of geogrid, a layer of crushed stone leveling layer is laid on it and compacted.

[0068] S6. Laying the base layer 4: Gravelly soil, crushed stone soil or sandy soil are used to fill the surface of the flexible reinforced layer 3 in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The layer is compacted by using a water-filled compaction device.

[0069] S7. Laying the surface filling layer 5 of the subgrade: The surface of the bottom filling layer 4 of the subgrade is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The layer is compacted by using a water-replenishing roller.

[0070] S8, Roadbed slope shaping and ancillary works construction.

[0071] The specific operating steps of the water-supplemented compaction device described in steps S6 and S7 are as follows:

[0072] N1. The roller 15 moves forward to compact the roadbed fill material. At the same time, the roller 10 rolls forward along the roadbed to be compacted. The sensor probe 7 on the surface of the roller 10 intermittently contacts the surface of the fill material as the roller 10 rotates, and measures the moisture content of the fill material in real time.

[0073] N2. When the moisture content of the packing is lower than the preset range, the water in the water tank 12 enters the water supply cylinder 14 through the delivery pump and delivery pipe 13, and is sprayed out evenly downwards along the nozzle.

[0074] N3. Water from the nozzle is sprayed onto the front half of the compaction roller 15. The water first wets the surface of the compaction roller 15, and then flows down the compaction roller 15 to the surface of the roadbed fill material to replenish the fill material with moisture.

[0075] like Figures 2 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a construction device for roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions. This device is applied to the above-mentioned construction method, specifically the water-replenishing compaction device described in steps S6 and S7, including a road roller 6, a detection component, and a water-replenishing component.

[0076] The detection component is located in front of the compaction roller 15 of the road roller 6, and measures the moisture content of the road filler in real time through the sensor probe 7.

[0077] The detection assembly includes a fixed box 8, a support member 9, and a roller 10; the support member 9 is located below the fixed box 8, and the roller 10 is rotatably connected inside the support member 9; the roller 10 has a mounting groove 11 on its surface; a sensor probe 7 is disposed inside the mounting groove 11, and the measuring end face of the sensor probe 7 is flush with the circumferential surface of the roller 10; the sensor probe 7 can be a resistance, conductivity, or capacitance type moisture content measurement sensor.

[0078] The water replenishment component automatically replenishes water to the road surface when the moisture content of the filler is low, based on the measurement results of the detection component.

[0079] The water replenishment assembly includes a water tank 12, a delivery pipe 13, a delivery pump, and a water replenishment cylinder 14; the delivery pump is connected between the water tank 12 and the delivery pipe 13; the delivery pipe 13 is connected to the water replenishment cylinder 14, and a set of nozzles are evenly distributed on the lower side of the water replenishment cylinder 14; heating elements are preferably installed inside the water tank 12 and the water replenishment cylinder 14, and the delivery pipe 13 adopts a heat preservation design to cope with the cold environment.

[0080] During operation, the compaction roller 15 moves forward to compact the roadbed fill material. Simultaneously, the roller 10 rolls forward along the roadbed to be compacted. The sensor probe 7 on the surface of the roller 10 intermittently contacts the fill material surface as the roller 10 rotates, measuring the moisture content of the fill material on the roadbed surface in real time and transmitting the detected moisture content data to the control system. When the moisture content of the fill material is lower than the preset optimal compaction range, the control system automatically starts the delivery pump, sending water from the water tank 12 into the water supply cylinder 14 through the delivery pipe 13. Finally, the water is evenly sprayed through the nozzles on the lower side of the water supply cylinder 14. The pump replenishes water to the low-moisture-content subgrade area. Once the moisture content of the fill material is detected to have returned to the optimal range, the pump stops working and water replenishment ceases. This ensures that the fill material remains within a suitable moisture content range during compaction, improving the compaction density of the subgrade while avoiding excessive or insufficient moisture affecting the subgrade construction quality. It also eliminates the need for construction personnel to repeatedly check and replenish water in advance. This invention integrates the watering function into the roller 6, completely eliminating the need for a water truck to follow closely, and preventing water evaporation or missing the optimal compaction window due to waiting for the water truck before the roller 6 compacts.

[0081] In one embodiment of the present invention, the water supply cylinder 14 is mounted obliquely above the front of the rolling roller 15, and the nozzle faces the rolling roller 15.

[0082] When the water in the water supply cylinder 14 is sprayed downward through the nozzle, it can be sprayed onto the front half of the surface of the compaction roller 15. The water flow first wets the surface of the compaction roller 15, and then flows along the compaction roller 15 to the surface of the subgrade filler. This can prevent the dry compaction roller 15 from sticking to the filler, ensuring the smoothness of the subgrade surface after compaction. At the same time, the water supply process first wets the compaction roller 15 and then flows to the subgrade, which can make the water more evenly distributed on the surface of the filler. It can also prevent the water pressure from being too high when the nozzle sprays water directly and damages the surface of the filler, thus ensuring the structural integrity of the subgrade surface.

[0083] In one embodiment of the present invention, a set of trigger chambers 16 are evenly distributed inside the roller 10; a connecting rod 17 is slidably connected between the trigger chamber 16 and the surface of the roller 10; a pressure plate 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 17 outside the roller 10; a return spring 19 is provided between the pressure plate 18 and the roller 10; an elastic sheet 20 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 17 inside the trigger chamber 16; and a set of elastic blocks 21 are evenly distributed inside the trigger chamber 16.

[0084] During the compaction operation of the road roller 6, the roller 10 rotates synchronously on the roadbed surface. When the compaction plate 18 rotates to the bottom and contacts the roadbed fill, the compaction plate 18 is subjected to compressive force and moves closer to the roller 10, pushing the connecting rod 17 into the trigger cavity 16. During the movement of the elastic plate 20 at the end of the connecting rod 17, it passes through the elastic block 21 in the trigger cavity 16 in sequence, and is continuously compressed by the elastic block 21, causing elastic deformation and generating high-frequency vibration. This drives the connecting rod 17 and the compaction plate 18 to vibrate synchronously, and the compaction plate 18 then transmits the vibration to the roadbed surface. High-frequency micro-amplitude vibration can break the static balance between filler particles. On the one hand, it can cause micro-cracks in the surface crust or pseudo-dry layer, opening capillary channels and allowing the lower layer of moisture to seep back upward under capillary action, reducing the unevenness of moisture due to surface moisture evaporation. On the other hand, the micro-disturbance of particles caused by vibration can improve the contact state between particles in the filler, allowing locally enriched moisture to diffuse to the surrounding relatively dry areas, achieving moisture homogenization of the surface filler. This allows the subsequent sensor probe 7 to improve the representativeness of the data measured by the sensor when it comes into contact with the filler.

[0085] In one embodiment of the present invention, an electric cylinder 22 is fixedly connected inside the fixed box 8; a limiting cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support member 9; a floating block 24 is provided inside the limiting cylinder 23; a buffer spring 25 is provided between the floating block 24 and the limiting cylinder 23; the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 22 extends into the limiting cylinder 23 and is fixedly connected to the floating block 24.

[0086] When not in operation, roller 10 is not in contact with the ground. When it is necessary to detect the subgrade moisture content, the telescopic rod of electric cylinder 22 extends, driving the limiting cylinder 23, support member 9 and roller 10 to move downward as a whole, so that roller 10 contacts the subgrade surface for detection. During the rolling of roller 10, if the subgrade filler is unevenly distributed, roller 10 can drive support member 9 to move upward, so that the limiting cylinder 23 and floating block 24 slide relative to each other. Under the elastic action of buffer spring 25, roller 10 is kept in contact with the subgrade surface, maintaining stable contact pressure, and ensuring that the sensor can continuously and stably collect subgrade moisture content data.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present invention, a counterweight 26 is provided inside the roller 10 at a position away from the mounting groove 11; a through groove is provided on the top of the support member 9; a mounting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing box 8; a motor 28 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting plate 27; a flexible plate 29 is rotatably connected to the lower side of the mounting plate 27, and the flexible plate 29 is connected to the motor 28 in a transmission connection; the flexible plate 29 is made of an elastic porous water-absorbing material.

[0088] When the roadbed moisture content does not need to be detected, the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder 22 retracts, causing the limiting cylinder 23, support 9, and roller 10 to move upward as a whole. The roller 10 separates from the roadbed, and under the action of the counterweight 26, the mounting groove 11 of the roller 10 rotates to the top, so that the sensor probe 7 is aligned and attached to the surface of the flexible disk 29. The flexible disk 29 protects the sensor probe 7, preventing damage to the sensor during the travel or transport of the road roller 6. During non-working periods, the motor 28 drives the flexible disk 29 to rotate, and the flexible disk 29 contacts and rubs against the detection end face of the sensor probe 7, cleaning the filler particles or other impurities attached to the sensor probe 7, keeping the detection end face clean, and avoiding residual impurities from interfering with the subsequent detection accuracy. At the same time, the flexible disk 29 can absorb residual moisture on the sensor surface, keeping the sensor probe 7 dry, preventing probe corrosion, and extending its service life.

[0089] The floating block 24 and the limiting cylinder 23 are in sliding sealing cooperation; the mounting plate 27 is designed as a hollow structure, and a set of guide holes 30 are evenly distributed on its lower side; a flexible hose 31 is connected between the bottom of the limiting cylinder 23 and the mounting plate 27.

[0090] When the floating block 24 moves downward inside the limiting cylinder 23, it will squeeze the air inside the limiting cylinder 23 into the hollow mounting plate 27 through the hose 31. Then the air will be blown outward through the guide hole 30 on the lower side of the mounting plate 27. The airflow blows into the flexible plate 29, which can quickly blow away the impurities and absorbed moisture that the flexible plate 29 has cleaned by friction, preventing impurities from accumulating inside the flexible plate 29 and ensuring the cleaning and drying effect of the flexible plate 29 on the sensor probe 7.

[0091] A magnet 32 ​​is fixedly connected inside the mounting plate 27; a set of magnetic balls 33 are evenly distributed around the circumference inside the flexible plate 29.

[0092] When the flexible disk 29 rotates to clean the sensor probe 7, the magnetic ball 33, which rotates synchronously with the flexible disk 29, will intermittently move to below the magnet 32. At this time, the magnetic attraction between the magnet 32 ​​and the magnetic ball 33 is at its maximum, causing the magnetic ball 33 to cause the surrounding flexible disk 29 to locally shift upwards and creep. After the magnetic ball 33 gradually moves away from the magnet 32, that part of the flexible disk 29 will return to its original downward position. Through the continuous reciprocating shift of the magnetic ball 33, the flexible disk 29 is driven to make periodic creeping deformation, so that the impurities attached to the flexible disk 29 are shaken off. At the same time, the moisture adsorbed inside the flexible disk 29 can be quickly removed. Combined with the airflow discharged by the mounting disk 27, the efficiency of impurity and moisture removal is further improved.

[0093] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0094] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0095] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions, characterized in that: It includes a crushed stone cushion layer (1), a composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer (2), a flexible reinforcement layer (3), a bottom filling layer of the subgrade (4), and a surface filling layer of the subgrade (5), laid from bottom to top. The crushed stone cushion layer (1) is laid on the treated foundation to block capillary water from rising and to provide a uniform bearing surface for the superstructure; The composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer (2) is laid on the crushed stone cushion layer (1) and includes a seepage-proof geomembrane, a thermal insulation board and a composite waterproof and thermal insulation board arranged sequentially from bottom to top; the thermal insulation board is used to block the expansion of the lower frost depth into the roadbed; the composite waterproof and thermal insulation board is used to guide the infiltrated water laterally out of the roadbed area. The flexible reinforcement layer (3) is laid on the composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer (2), including multiple geogrids and a crushed stone leveling layer sandwiched between two adjacent geogrids; the geogrid is used to constrain the lateral displacement of the roadbed fill and dissipate the vibration energy generated by the train dynamic load. The subgrade bottom filling layer (4) is laid on top of the flexible reinforcement layer (3), and is filled with gravel soil, crushed stone soil or sandy soil, and the particle size of the filling material is not greater than 200mm. The surface filling layer (5) of the subgrade is laid on top of the bottom filling layer (4) of the subgrade. It is filled with gravelly soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand, and the particle size of the filler is not greater than 100mm.

2. A construction method for a roadbed with vibration reduction and frost protection functions, the method being used for constructing the roadbed described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation: Clear the surface vegetation and topsoil within the roadbed area, construct a temporary drainage system, and conduct construction surveying and setting out. S2. Foundation treatment: Excavation and replacement or heavy compaction treatment of foundation soil that does not meet the design requirements. S3. Laying a crushed stone cushion layer (1): Laying a crushed stone cushion layer (1) on the treated foundation and compacting it; S4. Laying composite waterproof and thermal insulation layer (2): Laying impermeable geomembrane, thermal insulation board and composite waterproof and thermal insulation board in sequence from bottom to top on the surface of crushed stone cushion layer (1); S5. Laying a flexible reinforcement layer (3): On the surface of the composite waterproof and heat-insulating layer (2), geogrids are laid in layers. Each time a layer of geogrid is laid, a layer of crushed stone leveling layer is laid on it and compacted. S6. Laying the bottom layer of the subgrade (4): Gravel, crushed stone or sandy soil is used to fill the flexible reinforced layer (3) in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The water-filled compaction device is used to compact it. S7. Laying the surface filling layer of the subgrade (5): Gravel soil, crushed stone soil, gravelly sand, coarse sand or medium sand are used to fill the surface of the bottom filling layer (4) of the subgrade in layers. The loose thickness of each layer is not more than 30cm and not less than 15cm. The water-replenishing rolling device is used to compact it. S8, Roadbed slope shaping and ancillary works construction.

3. The construction method for a roadbed with vibration reduction and frost protection functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific operating steps of the water-supplemented compaction device described in steps S6 and S7 are as follows: N1. The rolling roller (15) moves forward to compact the roadbed fill. At the same time, the roller (10) rolls forward along the roadbed to be compacted. The sensor probe (7) on the surface of the roller (10) intermittently contacts the surface of the fill as the roller (10) rotates, and measures the moisture content of the fill in real time. N2. When the moisture content of the packing is lower than the preset range, the water in the water tank (12) enters the water supply cylinder (14) through the delivery pump and delivery pipe (13) and is sprayed out evenly downwards along the nozzle; N3. The water flowing from the nozzle is sprayed onto the front half of the roller (15). The water flow first wets the surface of the roller (15) and then flows along the roller (15) to the surface of the roadbed filler to replenish the filler with water.

4. A construction device for roadbed with vibration reduction and frost protection functions, wherein the device is applied to the construction method described in any one of claims 2-3, specifically as the water-replenishing compaction device described in steps S6 and S7, characterized in that: Includes a road roller (6), a detection assembly, and a water supply assembly; The detection component is located in front of the roller (15) of the road roller (6) and measures the moisture content of the road filler in real time through the sensor probe (7); The detection assembly includes a fixed box (8), a support member (9), and a roller (10); the support member (9) is located below the fixed box (8), and the roller (10) is rotatably connected inside the support member (9); the roller (10) has an installation groove (11) on its surface; a sensor probe (7) is installed inside the installation groove (11). The water replenishment component automatically replenishes water to the road surface when the moisture content of the filler is low, based on the measurement results of the detection component. The water replenishment assembly includes a water tank (12), a delivery pipe (13), a delivery pump, and a water replenishment cylinder (14); the water tank (12) and the delivery pipe (13) are connected by a delivery pump; the delivery pipe (13) is connected to the water replenishment cylinder (14), and a set of nozzles are evenly distributed on the lower side of the water replenishment cylinder (14).

5. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water supply cylinder (14) is mounted on the upper front of the rolling roller (15) at an angle, with the nozzle facing the rolling roller (15).

6. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: A set of trigger chambers (16) are evenly distributed inside the roller (10); a connecting rod (17) is slidably connected between the trigger chamber (16) and the surface of the roller (10); a pressure plate (18) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (17) outside the roller (10); a return spring (19) is provided between the pressure plate (18) and the roller (10); an elastic plate (20) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (17) inside the trigger chamber (16); a set of elastic blocks (21) are evenly distributed inside the trigger chamber (16).

7. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electric cylinder (22) is fixedly connected inside the fixed box (8); a limiting cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the support (9); a floating block (24) is provided inside the limiting cylinder (23); a buffer spring (25) is provided between the floating block (24) and the limiting cylinder (23); the telescopic rod of the electric cylinder (22) extends into the limiting cylinder (23) and is fixedly connected to the floating block (24).

8. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 7, characterized in that: A counterweight (26) is provided inside the roller (10) at a position away from the mounting groove (11); a through groove is provided on the top of the support (9); a mounting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing box (8); a motor (28) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting plate (27); a flexible plate (29) is rotatably connected to the lower side of the mounting plate (27), and the flexible plate (29) is connected to the motor (28) in a transmission connection; the flexible plate (29) is made of elastic porous absorbent material.

9. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The floating block (24) and the limiting cylinder (23) are in sliding sealing cooperation; the mounting plate (27) is designed as a hollow structure, and a set of guide holes (30) are evenly distributed on its lower side; a flexible hose (31) is connected between the bottom of the limiting cylinder (23) and the mounting plate (27).

10. A construction device for a roadbed with vibration reduction and antifreeze functions according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mounting plate (27) is fixedly connected to a magnet (32); a set of magnetic balls (33) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the flexible plate (29).

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