A highway pavement deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of highway pavement deformation detection devices of multipath laser ranging, belong to pavement detection technical field, including rutting instrument by suspension assembly assembly in the front end of detection car, both sides are set ground follow-up wheel, can jump with the self-adapting of pavement fluctuation, rutting instrument is provided with protection component, rely on the mechanical energy generated by pavement bumping and cooperate one-way pawl transmission structure, automatically roll and replace protective film, real-time protection is carried out to quartz glass optical component, avoid optical path pollution, wear and tear and detection data distortion, rutting instrument front end is equipped with water accumulation cleaning component, ahead of time remove detection area road water and slurry by herringbone scraper, avoid the problem of undetected, misdiagnosis caused by water mirror reflection, rutting instrument bottom is equipped with optical path isolation component, can form closed stable optical path passage, isolate external airflow interference, the present application can adapt complex road conditions such as high temperature, water accumulation, gravel, effectively improve highway pavement deformation detection precision and operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of road surface inspection technology and relates to a highway road surface deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term service, highway pavements are prone to deformation defects such as rutting, depressions, bumps, and loss of smoothness. Accurate detection of pavement deformation is a core foundation for highway maintenance, quality acceptance, and defect assessment. At present, multi-channel laser ranging pavement deformation detection equipment has been widely used in highway pavement inspection operations. This type of equipment uses multiple laser sensors to collect pavement elevation data in a non-contact manner, thereby reconstructing the pavement deformation state. It has the characteristics of high detection efficiency and high sampling density.

[0003] In traditional testing equipment, the outer quartz glass of the laser optical components is mostly an exposed and fixed structure. During field testing, flying gravel, dust, and mud from the road surface will continuously impact and adhere to the surface of the quartz glass. After long-term operation, the quartz glass is prone to scratches, pitting, and stains, causing laser light path scattering and obstruction, leading to problems such as data distortion and data jumps. Traditional cleaning and protection methods are mostly fixed protective covers and manual wiping, which cannot achieve real-time dynamic protection. Manual cleaning during machine shutdown not only reduces testing efficiency but also cannot meet the needs of continuous high-speed testing operations.

[0004] After rain, during watering maintenance, and in low-lying sections of highways, there is often standing water and a thin layer of mud. The water will form a mirror reflection on the road surface. When the laser beam shines on the surface of the water, the reflection will be offset and the echo will be lost. The equipment can only collect water surface elevation data and cannot identify the actual road surface deformation. As a result, small potholes and ruts on the road surface are covered by water, leading to missed detections and false detections. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses industry pain points in long-distance road surface deformation detection on highways in the field, such as optical windows being easily scratched by gravel, false detections due to specular reflection from rainwater, data drift due to thermal mirage on high-temperature road surfaces, and numerous electrical drive failure points preventing continuous operation. During the research and development process, it was discovered that existing technologies use motor-driven protective film winding, requiring additional power and control circuitry, resulting in numerous potential failure points; they lack a pre-drainage structure, making it impossible to detect on rainwater-covered roads; and they lack an optical path isolation structure, leading to data drift due to thermal mirage on high-temperature asphalt roads, thus failing to meet the requirements for continuous, all-weather field detection.

[0006] This invention integrates a unidirectional wind-up protection subsystem, a segmented follow-up herringbone water removal system, a sealed flexible optical path isolation system, and a floating buffer suspension system to achieve automatic operation without power throughout the entire process of protection, water removal, image stabilization, and buffering, providing a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device, comprising a detection vehicle and a rutting meter installed in front of the detection vehicle, wherein the rutting meter is connected to the front of the detection vehicle through a suspension assembly, and follower wheels that rotatably contact the ground are provided on both sides of the rutting meter. A protective assembly is installed on the rutting instrument to protect the quartz glass at the bottom of the instrument. The protective assembly includes two sets of bearing seats, which are fixed to the front and rear sides of the instrument, respectively. An unwinding roller and a winding roller are rotatably installed in the two sets of bearing seats. A thin film is fixed and wound around the outer wall of the unwinding roller. The other end of the thin film is fixedly connected to the winding roller. The thin film is used to block gravel from hitting the quartz glass. The winding roller works in conjunction with the suspension assembly to automatically drive the winding roller to wind up the used film during bumpy conditions. A water accumulation cleaning component is installed in front of a rut meter. The water accumulation cleaning component includes multiple sliding rods that are adjustable in height and are located at the bottom of the rut meter. The bottom of each sliding rod has a mounting groove, and a scraper is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. The scraper is in the shape of a "V" and is used to clean up water accumulation on the road during driving.

[0008] Furthermore, the suspension assembly includes a fixed frame fixed to the frame of the inspection vehicle. Two sets of sliding cylinders are slidably sleeved on the top of the fixed frame. A lifting frame is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the two sets of sliding cylinders. A screw is rotatably mounted through the top of the fixed frame. The lifting frame is threaded onto the screw. Two guide rods are slidably mounted through the top of the lifting frame. A connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the two guide rods. The connecting rod is fixed to one side of the rutting instrument. A first spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod. The two ends of the first spring abut against the bottom of the lifting frame and the top of the connecting rod, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective assembly also includes a ratchet disk fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller. A rotating disk is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller. Multiple rotating seats are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the rotating disk. A pawl that meshes with the ratchet disk is rotatably provided in the rotating seat. A torsion spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the pawl. The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the rotating seat and the pawl, respectively. The rotating disk is connected to the lifting frame for transmission. When the follower wheel moves up and down with the road surface, it drives the rutting device to jump up and down. The up and down jumping power drives the take-up roller to wind up the film.

[0010] Furthermore, a fixing rod is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating disk, and a connecting rod is rotatably provided at the other end of the fixing rod, with the other end of the connecting rod rotating at the outer end of the lifting frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the water accumulation cleaning assembly also includes a connecting rod fixed in front of the rut meter. The bottom of the connecting rod is provided with two telescopic frames, and the bottom ends of the two telescopic frames are provided with support rods. An extension rod corresponding to the sliding rod is fixedly provided on one side of the support rod. The sliding rod slides through the extension rod. A limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. The two ends of the second spring abut against the bottom of the extension rod and the top of the limiting ring, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the sliding rod is provided with a mounting groove, the scraper is inserted into the mounting groove and fixed by screws.

[0013] Furthermore, the telescopic frame includes a base fixed to the bottom of the connecting rod, and two nut seats are adjustablely provided inside the base. The bottom of the two nut seats is rotatably provided with a telescopic rail, and the bottom end of the telescopic rail is rotatably provided with two rotating rods. Both sets of rotating rods rotate at the top of the support rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the same screw is rotatably provided on one side of both bases, and the outer wall of the screw has two sets of threaded areas, each set of threads being divided into two positive and negative ones, and the nut seat is threadedly fitted into the corresponding threaded area.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes multiple optical path isolation components set at the bottom of the rutting instrument. The optical path isolation components include two fixing seats fixed to the lower surface of the quartz glass at the bottom of the rutting instrument. Each set of fixing seats is equipped with a corrugated tube. The corrugated tube is coaxial with the laser optical path. A counterweight ring is fixed at the bottom of the corrugated tube. When in use, the counterweight ring is 5-8cm away from the ground.

[0016] Furthermore, a sleeve rod is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed base, and a sliding rod is slidably provided inside the sleeve rod. The sliding rod passes through and is fixed inside the counterweight ring, and the bellows is guided by the sleeve rod and the sliding rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device disclosed in this invention uses front and rear unwinding and rewinding rollers to wrap and lay a protective film, which fully covers the quartz glass optical area at the bottom of the rut gauge. This can block the impact of gravel and the adhesion of mud and dust to contaminate the quartz glass in real time, avoiding scratches and pitting on the optical components, and effectively reducing data distortion caused by light path obstruction and scattering. At the same time, relying on the bump displacement of the suspension components, through the linkage, fixed rod, rotating disk and the unidirectional meshing transmission structure of pawl and ratchet disk, the mechanical energy of road bumps is used to realize the fully automatic winding and replacement of the failed film. The whole process does not require electric control drive or manual shutdown for replacement and cleaning, realizing passive dynamic updating of the optical protection structure, greatly improving the continuous operation capability of the equipment, and reducing the frequency of equipment maintenance and operating costs. 2. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device disclosed in this invention, through the adaptive cooperation of the herringbone scraper, the second spring, and the telescopic frame, can actively guide and remove water and thin mud on the road surface in the optical path area before laser detection, exposing the real road surface base. The herringbone structure has bidirectional flow guidance capability, which can quickly drain water in the detection area and avoid the problem of laser echo loss and missed detection of defects caused by the specular reflection of water. It effectively solves the defect that traditional equipment cannot be adapted to detection on wet roads after rain, and greatly expands the working conditions and working window of the equipment. 3. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device disclosed in this invention forms a stable vertical sliding guide structure through a fixed frame, sliding cylinder, and lifting frame. Combined with screw thread transmission, it achieves precise adjustment of the initial height of the rutting gauge, adapting to different laser depth-of-field requirements and ensuring the laser sensor is always in optimal detection condition. Simultaneously, the first spring sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod provides flexible buffer support for the rutting gauge. During road bumps, the elastic deformation absorbs the impact, effectively reducing equipment vibration loss and improving detection posture stability. Furthermore, it can stably transmit road bump displacement to the protective components, providing continuous power for automatic film winding, achieving the dual functions of buffering and shock absorption as well as power output. The structure has high utilization rate and tight linkage logic. 4. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device disclosed in this invention forms a closed vertical optical path channel through a corrugated tube and a counterweight ring, isolating the laser beam from external turbulent airflow. This effectively avoids optical path refraction and spot jitter caused by thermal convection and lateral turbulent winds on high-temperature asphalt pavement, and eliminates data drift caused by thermal mirage. At the same time, the guiding cooperation of the sleeve and sliding rod can limit the twisting and shaking of the corrugated tube, ensuring that the optical path is always vertical and coaxial, greatly improving the stability of laser detection under complex temperature and airflow conditions, enabling immediate inspection of high-temperature pavement after completion, and effectively improving the efficiency of road construction and acceptance.

[0018] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a highway pavement deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suspension assembly structure of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the protective components and water accumulation cleaning components of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the water accumulation cleaning component of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the protective component structure of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path isolation component structure of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper and sliding rod structure of a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Inspection vehicle; 2. Suspension assembly; 21. Fixing frame; 22. Sliding cylinder; 23. Lifting frame; 24. First screw; 25. Guide rod; 26. First spring; 27. First connecting rod; 3. Track gauge; 31. Follower wheel; 4. Protective assembly; 41. Bearing seat; 42. Take-up roller; 43. Unwound roller; 44. Film; 45. Fixing rod; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Rotating disk; 48. Rotating seat; 49. Pawl; 410. Ratchet; 411. Anti- 5. Protective cover; 6. Optical path isolation assembly; 7. Fixing base; 8. Corrugated pipe; 9. Sleeve rod; 10. First sliding rod; 11. Counterweight ring; 12. Water accumulation cleaning assembly; 13. Second connecting rod; 14. Telescopic frame; 15. Base; 16. Second screw; 17. Nut seat; 18. Telescopic railing; 19. Rotating rod; 10. Support rod; 11. Scraper; 12. Extension rod; 13. Second sliding rod; 14. Second spring; 15. Mounting groove; 16. Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0022] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0023] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device includes a detection vehicle 1 and a rutting analyzer 3 positioned in front of the detection vehicle 1. The rutting analyzer 3 integrates a multi-channel laser ranging detection module, capable of collecting real-time deformation data such as rutting, depressions, bulges, and smoothness of the road surface. The rutting analyzer 3 is stably mounted on the front end of the detection vehicle 1 via a suspension assembly 2, allowing it to move synchronously with the detection vehicle 1 and enabling continuous, uninterrupted detection of the highway pavement. The rutting meter 3 is equipped with rotatable follower wheels 31 on both its left and right sides. The follower wheels 31 directly contact the road surface to be inspected. During the movement of the inspection vehicle 1, the follower wheels 31 can rotate freely, greatly reducing the frictional resistance during the movement of the equipment. At the same time, the follower wheels 31 can move up and down synchronously with the macroscopic undulation of the road surface. On the one hand, they provide stable support for the suspended rutting meter 3, preventing it from tilting or shaking and ensuring the stability of the inspection posture. On the other hand, they can sense changes in road surface height in real time and directly transmit the mechanical displacement of the road surface undulation to the rutting meter 3, providing a continuous and stable original mechanical power input for the automatic winding action of the subsequent protective component 4. This effectively adapts to the inspection conditions of various bumpy and undulating road surfaces and ensures the long-term stability of the equipment.

[0026] The suspension assembly 2 includes a fixing frame 21, which is fixed to the front frame of the inspection vehicle 1 by bolts. The fixing frame 21 is rigidly fixed to the frame of the inspection vehicle 1 without relative displacement, providing a stable installation reference for the entire front-end inspection structure. Two sets of symmetrically distributed sliding cylinders 22 are slidably mounted on the outer side of the top rod of the fixing frame 21. The outer walls of the two sets of sliding cylinders 22 are fixedly connected to the lifting frame 23. The sliding cylinders 22 are clearance-fitted with the vertical rod of the fixing frame 21, allowing for smooth vertical lifting and lowering only along the fixing frame 21, limiting horizontal swaying and offset, and ensuring that the lifting frame 23 maintains a horizontal posture during lifting. A first screw 24 is rotatably mounted through the top center of the fixed frame 21. The first screw 24 is vertically arranged. A matching threaded hole is opened at the center of the lifting frame 23. The lifting frame 23 is threaded onto the outside of the first screw 24 through the threaded hole. Utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the threaded transmission, rotating the first screw 24 can drive the lifting frame 23 to move up and down as a whole, realizing precise adjustment of the initial ground clearance of the rutting instrument 3. This can adapt to different road conditions and keep the laser detection module within the standard depth of field. Two symmetrically arranged guide rods 25 are slidably mounted through the plate of the lifting frame 23. The guide rods 25 can slide freely in the vertical direction along the lifting frame 23. The bottom ends of the two guide rods 25 are fixedly connected to a first connecting rod 27. The two ends of the first connecting rod 27 are fixedly locked to the two side walls of the rutting instrument 3, so that the lifting frame 23, guide rods 25, first connecting rods 27 and rutting instrument 3 form an integrated linkage structure, ensuring that the lifting frame 23 and rutting instrument 3 rise and fall synchronously and maintain a unified posture. Each guide rod 25 is fitted with a first spring 26 on its outer side. The top of the first spring 26 abuts against the bottom plate of the lifting frame 23, and the bottom of the first spring 26 abuts against the top plate of the first connecting rod 27. Under normal conditions, the first spring 26 is kept in a slightly compressed state, relying on its own elastic potential energy to provide continuous downward pressure support for the rutting device 3. During the bumpy and undulating process of the road surface, the rutting device 3 generates vertical jumping displacement, which can compress the first spring 26. At the same time, the vertical jumping displacement of the rutting device 3 is transmitted to the lifting frame 23 through the first connecting rod 27 and the guide rod 25, providing a stable mechanical power input for the automatic film winding structure of the subsequent protective component 4.

[0027] A protective component 4 is fixedly mounted on the rutting gauge 3. The protective component 4 is arranged corresponding to the quartz glass optical detection component at the bottom of the rutting gauge 3. The protective component 4 provides all-around physical protection for the quartz glass, preventing road debris, dust, and mud from directly impacting and contaminating the quartz glass surface during the detection process, thus ensuring the transparency and stability of the laser beam. The protective component 4 includes two symmetrically arranged bearing seats 41, which are fixedly installed on the front and rear sides of the rutting gauge 3. Inside the two bearing seats 41, a winding roller 43 and a take-up roller 42 are rotatably mounted. A protective film 44 is fixedly wrapped around the outer wall of the winding roller 43. The film 44 is a transparent polyester film (PET film) or a transparent polypropylene film (PP film) with a thickness of 0.05mm to 0.20mm and a transmittance of not less than 90% in the visible and near-infrared bands to ensure that the laser ranging beam can penetrate without attenuation. The surface of the film 44 is treated with a hardened coating to improve scratch resistance. The film 44 covers the corresponding laser transmission area. The disposable protective film 44 on the unwinding roller 43 is at least 50 meters long, which can meet the needs of continuous testing operations. When the film 44 is used up, it can be quickly replenished by replacing the unwinding roller 43. The end of the film 44 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the take-up roller 42, and the outer wall of the unwinding roller 43 is provided with an anti-slip rubber pad. The anti-slip rubber pad abuts against the end face of the bearing seat 41 to prevent the unwinding roller 43 from rotating. A protective cover 411 is fixed between the two sets of bearing seats 41. The protective cover 411 is made of acrylic sheet, which allows the use of the internal protective film 44 to be seen. It can also protect the unused protective film 44. During the routine testing of the equipment, the film 44 is laid flat against the bottom of the quartz glass, covering all laser light transmission areas. It can effectively block the gravel flying from the road surface from directly hitting the quartz glass, and at the same time prevent mud, water and dust from adhering and accumulating on the surface of the quartz glass. This prevents scratches, pits and stains from accumulating on the quartz glass after long-term use, and prevents the distortion of test data caused by laser light scattering and obstruction from the root.

[0028] The take-up roller 42 and the suspension assembly 2 form a mechanical linkage, relying on the bumps and jumps of the track gauge 3 to achieve passive automatic winding. For this purpose, the protective assembly 4 is equipped with a one-way linkage transmission structure. A ratchet disk 410 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller 42. The ratchet disk 410 is rigidly fixed to the take-up roller 42 and maintains synchronous rotation without relative sliding. A rotating disk 47 is also rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller 42. The inner diameter of the rotating disk 47 is larger than the outer diameter of the ratchet disk 410, and it can rotate freely relative to the take-up roller 42 without directly driving the take-up roller 42 to rotate, thus realizing the dynamic separation of the active swing component and the driven winding component. Multiple rotating seats 48 are uniformly fixed in a ring on the inner sidewall of the rotating disk 47. Each rotating seat 48 has a rotatably mounted pawl 49 inside. The end of the pawl 49 meshes with the toothed structure of the ratchet disk 410. A torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft of the pawl 49. One end of the torsion spring is fixed inside the rotating seat 48, and the other end of the torsion spring abuts against the sidewall of the pawl 49. Under normal conditions, the torsion spring continuously generates torsional elastic force, pushing the pawl 49 to tightly mesh with the toothed structure of the ratchet disk 410, ensuring the effectiveness of unidirectional transmission, and at the same time, it can realize reverse free rotation to prevent the diaphragm 44 from loosening and rewinding. A horizontally arranged fixed rod 45 is fixedly welded to the outer sidewall of the rotating disk 47. A connecting rod 46 is rotatably mounted on the outer end of the fixed rod 45. The other end of the connecting rod 46 is rotatably hinged to the outer end face of the lifting frame 23. Through the hinged cooperation between the fixed rod 45 and the connecting rod 46, the vertical floating displacement of the lifting frame 23 can be stably converted into the circumferential swing displacement of the rotating disk 47, realizing the precise transmission of power. During the inspection operation, the follower wheel 31 travels in contact with the road surface. The undulation of the road surface and the bumps of gravel will drive the rutting instrument 3 to generate high-frequency small-amplitude up and down jumps. The vertical displacement of the rutting instrument 3 is transmitted to the lifting frame 23 through the linkage of the suspension assembly 2, which drives the rotating disk 47 to swing back and forth. When the rotating disk 47 swings upward, the pawl 49 compresses the torsion spring under the squeezing action of the inclined surface of the tooth groove of the ratchet disk 410, disengages from the mesh, and achieves free-spinning and slippage, which will not drive the take-up roller 42 to reverse. When the rotating disk 47 swings downward, the torsion spring resets and pushes the pawl 49 to clamp the tooth groove of the ratchet disk 410. The rigid meshing drives the ratchet disk 410 and the take-up roller 42 to rotate in one direction to complete the winding. The one-way meshing structure can prevent the film 44 from unwinding in the opposite direction and falling off due to wrinkles, and always keep the film flat and attached to the protective surface. This drives the take-up roller 42 to rotate in one direction, winding up and collecting the film 44 with scratches, dirt, or failure on the surface. At the same time, the new film 44 on the unwind roller 43 is laid flat to replace the protective area of ​​the quartz glass, realizing the fully automatic and non-destructive replacement of the film 44.

[0029] The front end of the rutting analyzer 3 is equipped with a water-clearing component 6, which is positioned in front of the laser detection area. This component clears surface water and thin mud from the road surface in the laser path coverage area before laser detection, eliminating the interference of water reflection on the laser ranging accuracy and ensuring normal detection operations on wet or rain-soaked roads. The water-clearing component 6 is equipped with a second connecting rod 61 fixed to the front side wall of the rutting analyzer 3. This second connecting rod 61 provides a fixed installation reference for the entire water-clearing component 6, ensuring precise alignment between the water-clearing structure and the laser detection point at the rear. Two sets of telescopic frames 62 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the second connecting rod 61. The bottom ends of the two telescopic frames 62 jointly support a horizontally arranged support rod 63. The support rod 63 can be adjusted in height via the telescopic frames 62 to adapt to different detection heights and road slopes. The telescopic frame 62 includes a base 621 fixed to the bottom of the second connecting rod 61. The base 621 has a horizontal adjustment groove inside, and two horizontally sliding nut seats 623 are symmetrically mounted inside the groove. The nut seats 623 can slide smoothly along the groove of the base 621. Telescopic railings 624 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of each of the two sets of nut seats 623. The telescopic railings 624 adopt a multi-segment hinged telescopic structure, allowing free extension, retraction, and rotation to achieve adaptive length adjustment in the vertical direction. Rotating rods 625 are rotatably mounted on the bottom ends of the two sets of telescopic railings 624, and the bottom ends of the rotating rods 625 on both the left and right sides are hinged to the top end face of the support rod 63. During the horizontal sliding of the nut seats 623, the top of the telescopic railings 624 can be horizontally displaced. Combined with the extension, retraction, and rotation adjustment of the telescopic railings 624, fine-tuning of the overall height and horizontal span of the support rod 63 can be achieved. A bidirectional adjusting second screw 622 is rotatably mounted through one side of both bases 621. The outer side of the second screw 622 has two sets of positive and negative threaded areas symmetrically machined. Two sets of nut seats 623 are threaded onto the corresponding positive and negative threaded areas. When the second screw 622 is rotated, the positive and negative threads drive the two sets of nut seats 623 to move synchronously closer or further apart, achieving symmetrical adjustment of the spacing. Limiting flanges are provided at both ends of the internal sliding groove of the base 621 to limit the maximum adjustment stroke of the nut seats 623, preventing over-travel and disengagement from the threaded engagement, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the telescopic frame 62 during adjustment.

[0030] Multiple sets of extension rods 65 are fixed to the rear side of the support rod 63. Each extension rod 65 corresponds to a second sliding rod 66. The extension rods 65 extend horizontally outward, and each set of extension rods 65 has a vertically penetrating sliding hole at its top. The second sliding rod 66 is slidably fitted inside the sliding hole. The second sliding rod 66 can slide freely up and down along the extension rod 65, realizing the adaptive road surface movement of the bottom cleaning structure. A limiting ring 69 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second sliding rod 66. The outer diameter of the limiting ring 69 is larger than the diameter of the sliding hole of the extension rod 65, which can limit the upward sliding limit position of the second sliding rod 66. The top of the second sliding rod 66 has a step with a diameter larger than the diameter of the sliding hole to prevent the second sliding rod 66 from falling off and to control the minimum contact height of the scraper 64. A second spring 67 is also fitted on the outer side of the second sliding rod 66. The top end of the second spring 67 abuts against the bottom end face of the extension rod 65, and the bottom end of the second spring 67 abuts against the top end face of the limiting ring 69. Under normal conditions, the second spring 67 is in a slightly compressed state, continuously pushing the second sliding rod 66 downward. In conjunction with the vertical sliding guide limit of the extension rod 65 and the second sliding rod 66, it ensures that the bottom scraper 64 is always in close contact with the road surface, preventing the second sliding rod 66 from shifting horizontally or getting stuck. When there are local bumps or minor undulations on the road surface, the bumps can push the scraper 64 upward, causing the second sliding rod 66 to move vertically and smoothly upward along the extension rod 65 and compress the second spring 67, achieving adaptive avoidance. After the avoidance is completed, the spring force and the guide structure quickly reset, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cleaning operation, preventing hard jamming, structural deformation and damage, and ensuring the service life of the structure and the continuity of cleaning. The bottom of the second sliding rod 66 has a mounting groove 68. The top of the scraper 64 is inserted into the mounting groove 68 and fixed through it with a locking screw, thus completing the detachable and fixed assembly of the scraper 64 and the second sliding rod 66. The worn scraper 64 can be quickly replaced on-site without disassembling the entire assembly. The scraper 64 is designed with a herringbone structure, which flexibly conforms to the fine texture of the road surface and will not scratch the newly paved asphalt road surface during driving. At the same time, the herringbone-shaped guide structure has bidirectional guide characteristics. As the inspection vehicle 1 moves forward, it can quickly guide and discharge the water and thin mud on the road surface in front of the laser detection point to both sides, clearing the water layer in the area covered by the light path, exposing the real road surface base, and ensuring that the subsequent laser beam can directly irradiate the hard road surface, avoiding the problem of laser echo loss and data failure caused by the specular reflection of water.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6This invention provides a novel technical solution: a multi-channel laser ranging device for detecting road surface deformation. This device is further equipped with optical path isolation components 5. Multiple sets of optical path isolation components 5 are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the quartz glass at the bottom of the rut gauge 3, corresponding one-to-one with the multiple laser optical paths. These components isolate external airflow interference during laser detection, stabilize the laser transmission optical path, and prevent optical path distortion and data drift caused by high-temperature thermal convection and lateral turbulent winds. Each optical path isolation component 5 includes two symmetrically arranged fixing seats 51, which are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the quartz glass. The mounting position is precise and secure, allowing for long-term stable support of the underlying structure. Each set of mounting bases 51 is vertically fixed with a corrugated tube 52. The corrugated tube 52 is coaxially arranged with the corresponding laser optical path, forming an independent, sealed optical path channel. This physically isolates the laser transmission optical path, preventing interference from hot air rising from the road surface and lateral turbulent winds. Simultaneously, the corrugated tube 52 has flexible expansion and contraction characteristics, adapting to road undulations and equipment vibrations. Combined with the guide structure, it maintains the coaxiality of the optical path, making it suitable for continuous detection operations on various bumpy road surfaces. A counterweight ring 55 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the corrugated tube 52. The counterweight ring 55 continuously pulls down the corrugated tube 52 under its own weight, counteracting wrinkles and curling caused by airflow disturbances, ensuring the corrugated tube 52 remains vertically extended throughout, and stabilizing the internal optical path transmission environment. In use, the counterweight ring is 5-8cm above the ground. A sleeve 53 is vertically fixed at the bottom center of the fixing base 51. The sleeve 53 is a hollow tubular structure, and a matching first sliding rod 54 is slidably fitted inside the sleeve 53. The bottom end of the first sliding rod 54 is fixed through and fixed to the top of the counterweight ring 55. The sleeve 53 and the first sliding rod 54 form a vertical sliding guide fit. During the expansion and contraction deformation of the corrugated pipe 52 with the undulation of the road surface, the sleeve 53 and the first sliding rod 54 can precisely limit and guide it, restricting the horizontal swaying and twisting deformation of the corrugated pipe 52, ensuring that the corrugated pipe 52 always maintains a vertical coaxial state, further improving the stability of the laser optical path, and effectively avoiding detection errors caused by optical path deviation and distortion.

[0033] The sliding, rotating, and hinged joints of this device are in long-term outdoor working conditions. The bearing seats, sliding fit clearances, and hinge points can be cleaned and lubricated regularly according to the frequency of operation to effectively avoid structural jamming and wear problems caused by dust and mud accumulation, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0034] The workflow is as follows: Before the equipment is put into formal on-road testing, the staff first completes the pre-testing and calibration of the equipment. By manually rotating the first screw 24, the lifting frame 23 is driven to move vertically along the fixed frame 21 using threaded transmission, which drives the rutting meter 3 to rise and fall as a whole, completing the initial ground clearance calibration of the rutting meter 3, so that the multi-channel laser sensors are stably in the optimal detection depth range, ensuring that the laser ranging accuracy meets the standard. Then, the bidirectional adjustment second screw 622 is rotated, and with the help of positive and negative thread transmission, the two sets of nut seats 623 are driven to move synchronously relative to each other. In conjunction with the extension and rotation of the telescopic bar 624, the overall height and horizontal span of the support rod 63 are finely adjusted, so that the bottom herringbone scraper 64 fits the road surface to be tested, adapting to the current road width and road slope, completing the pre-adaptation adjustment of the water cleaning component 6.

[0035] After the equipment is debugged, the testing vehicle 1 moves at a constant speed along the road surface to be tested, driving the front-end rut gauge 3 to move synchronously and smoothly. During the testing process, the water clearing component 6 continues to work, and the second spring 67 always applies downward pressure to push the second sliding rod 66, so that the scraper 64 continuously slides along the road surface, continuously guiding and clearing the water and thin mud on the road surface in front of the laser detection area to both sides, exposing the dry and flat real road surface structure in advance, eliminating the interference of water reflection on laser detection, and providing a clean and stable detection base for the subsequent laser detection.

[0036] When encountering bumpy conditions such as gravel or uneven surfaces during driving, the follower wheels 31 on both sides of the rutting device 3 adapt to the changes in road surface height in real time, causing the rutting device 3 to generate high-frequency, small-amplitude vertical vibrations. The vertical displacement of the rutting device 3 is transmitted to the lifting frame 23 through the first connecting rod 27 and the guide rod 25, causing the lifting frame 23 to reciprocate vertically along the fixed frame 21. The floating displacement of the lifting frame 23 is transmitted to the rotating disk 47 through the connecting rod 46 and the fixed rod 45, driving the rotating disk 47 to continuously oscillate back and forth. Relying on the unidirectional meshing transmission principle of the rotating seat 48, pawl 49 and ratchet disk 410, the winding roller 42 is driven to continuously rotate in one direction, automatically winding up the surface-damaged, worn, or failed protective film 44. At the same time, the unwinding roller 43 rotates synchronously to release a brand new film 44, so that the outside of the quartz glass is always covered with a clean and complete protective film 44, continuously blocking the impact of gravel and the pollution of optical components by mud and dust, and ensuring that the laser light path is transparent and unobstructed throughout the process. Throughout the entire process of the equipment's movement and detection, the optical path isolation component 5 at the bottom of the rut meter 3 works synchronously and continuously. The corrugated pipe 52 remains vertically extended under the traction of its own weight ring 55. With the guiding and limiting effect of the sleeve rod 53 and the first sliding rod 54, the corrugated pipe 52 is prevented from shaking or twisting, so that the multiple laser beams are always transmitted vertically in a closed, stable, and independent air column, isolating the optical path distortion and data drift caused by the high temperature convection of the road surface and the lateral turbulent wind.

[0037] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle and wiring method of the rutting instrument 3 are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device, characterized in that, It includes a testing vehicle (1) and a rutting device (3) set in front of the testing vehicle (1). The rutting device (3) is connected to the front of the testing vehicle (1) through a suspension assembly (2). The rutting device (3) has rotatable follower wheels (31) on both sides that are in contact with the ground. The protective component (4) is installed on the rutting instrument (3) to protect the quartz glass at the bottom of the rutting instrument (3). The protective component (4) includes two sets of bearing seats (41). The two sets of bearing seats (41) are fixed on the front and rear sides of the rutting instrument (3) respectively. The two sets of bearing seats (41) are respectively rotatably equipped with an unwinding roller (43) and a winding roller (42). The outer wall of the unwinding roller (43) is fixed and wrapped with a film (44). The other end of the film (44) is fixedly connected to the winding roller (42). The film (44) is used to block the gravel from hitting the quartz glass. The winding roller (42) is used in conjunction with the suspension component (2). During the bumpy process, the winding roller (42) automatically drives the winding roller (42) to wind up the film (44) after use. Water accumulation cleaning component (6) is located in front of the rut meter (3). The water accumulation cleaning component (6) includes multiple second sliding rods (66) that are adjustable and height-adjustable at the bottom of the rut meter (3). The bottom of the second sliding rod (66) is provided with an installation groove (68). A scraper (64) is fixedly provided in the installation groove (68). The scraper (64) is in the shape of a "V". During driving, the "V" shaped scraper (64) is used to clean the water accumulation on the road.

2. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspension assembly (2) includes a fixed frame (21) fixed to the frame of the inspection vehicle (1). Two sets of sliding cylinders (22) are slidably sleeved on the top of the fixed frame (21). A lifting frame (23) is fixedly installed on the outside of the two sets of sliding cylinders (22). A first screw (24) is rotatably installed through the top of the fixed frame (21). The lifting frame (23) is threaded onto the first screw (24). Two guide rods (25) are slidably installed through the top of the lifting frame (23). A first connecting rod (27) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the two guide rods (25). The first connecting rod (27) is fixed to one side of the rutting instrument (3). A first spring (26) is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide rod (25). The two ends of the first spring (26) abut against the bottom of the lifting frame (23) and the top of the first connecting rod (27), respectively.

3. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protective assembly (4) also includes a ratchet disc (410) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller (42). A rotating disc (47) is rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the take-up roller (42). A plurality of rotating seats (48) are fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the rotating disc (47). A pawl (49) that meshes with the ratchet disc (410) is rotatably sleeved in the rotating seat (48). A torsion spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft of the pawl (49). The two ends of the torsion spring abut against the rotating seat (48) and the pawl (49) respectively. The rotating disc (47) is connected to the lifting frame (23) for transmission. When the follower wheel (31) moves up and down with the road surface, it drives the rutting instrument (3) to jump up and down. The up and down jumping power drives the take-up roller (42) to take up the film (44).

4. The multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A fixing rod (45) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating disk (47), and a connecting rod (46) is rotatably provided at the other end of the fixing rod (45), and the other end of the connecting rod (46) rotates at the outer end of the lifting frame (23).

5. A multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water cleaning assembly (6) also includes a second connecting rod (61) fixed in front of the rut meter (3). The bottom of the second connecting rod (61) is provided with two telescopic frames (62). The bottom ends of the two telescopic frames (62) are provided with support rods (63). One side of the support rod (63) is fixedly provided with an extension rod (65) corresponding to the second sliding rod (66). The second sliding rod (66) slides through the extension rod (65). The outer wall of the second sliding rod (66) is fixedly fitted with a limiting ring (69). The outer wall of the second sliding rod (66) is fitted with a second spring (67). The two ends of the second spring (67) abut against the bottom of the extension rod (65) and the top of the limiting ring (69), respectively.

6. A highway pavement deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the second sliding rod (66) is provided with a mounting groove (68), and the scraper (64) is inserted into the mounting groove (68) and fixed by screws.

7. A multi-channel laser ranging highway pavement deformation detection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The telescopic frame (62) includes a base (621) fixed to the bottom of the second connecting rod (61). The base (621) is equipped with two adjustable nut seats (623). The bottom of the two nut seats (623) is rotatably equipped with telescopic rails (624). The bottom end of the telescopic rails (624) is rotatably equipped with two rotating rods (625). Both sets of rotating rods (625) rotate at the top of the support rod (63).

8. A highway pavement deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two bases (621) are rotatably provided with the same second screw (622) on one side. The outer wall of the second screw (622) is provided with two sets of threaded areas. Each set of threads is divided into two positive and negative threads. The nut seat (623) is threaded onto the corresponding threaded area.

9. A highway pavement deformation detection device using multi-channel laser ranging according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes multiple optical path isolation components (5) set at the bottom of the rutting instrument (3). The optical path isolation components (5) include two fixing seats (51) fixed to the lower surface of the quartz glass at the bottom of the rutting instrument (3). Each fixing seat (51) is fixed with a corrugated tube (52). The corrugated tube (52) is coaxial with the laser optical path. The bottom of the corrugated tube (52) is fixed with a counterweight ring (55). When in use, the counterweight ring (55) is 5-8cm away from the ground.

10. A highway pavement deformation detection device with multi-channel laser ranging according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed base (51) is fixedly provided with a sleeve rod (53), and a first sliding rod (54) is slidably provided inside the sleeve rod (53). The first sliding rod (54) is fixed inside the counterweight ring (55) and the bellows (52) is guided by the sleeve rod (53) and the first sliding rod (54).

Images