Bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-induced vibration control wind screen barrier system based on adjustable wake flow disturbance

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wind energy utilization devices, and provides a bridge wind energy collection and vortex vibration control wind screen barrier system based on adjustable wake flow disturbance, which comprises the following: a plurality of wind screen main body structures, which are provided with wind passing holes; a plurality of micro wind turbines, which comprise micro generators and a plurality of blades, the micro wind turbines are arranged inside corresponding wind passing holes, or the micro wind turbines are arranged outside the wind passing holes and located on the windward side of the wind screen main body structures, and the wind screen main body structures form an array along the length direction of the bridge; an adjusting device, which is used for adjusting the distance between adjacent micro wind turbines, the rotating speed and the pitch angle of the micro wind turbines; a control module, an electric energy transmission module, a bridge monitoring system, an energy storage module and a bridge lighting system; and the bridge wind energy collection and vortex vibration control wind screen barrier system based on adjustable wake flow disturbance can produce a significant vortex vibration suppression effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind energy utilization equipment technology, and more specifically, to a bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance. Background Technology

[0002] As long-span bridges develop towards lighter and more flexible designs, their sensitivity to wind-induced effects has significantly increased. Among these, vortex-induced vibration is one of the most common wind-induced vibration problems in bridges. When periodic vortex shedding occurs around the bridge structure, it can easily induce structural vibration, leading to fatigue damage, decreased comfort, and even structural safety issues. Therefore, controlling wind-induced vibration in bridges has always been an important research direction in the field of bridge wind engineering.

[0003] Currently, bridge wind-induced vibration control mainly includes two categories: mechanical control and flow control. Mechanical control typically achieves vibration attenuation through additional damping devices, such as tuned mass dampers. However, these devices are costly, have limited effectiveness in controlling low-frequency vibrations, and require long-term maintenance. Flow control primarily suppresses vibration by altering the flow field structure around the bridge, such as through aerodynamic optimization, deflectors, and wind barriers. This is currently the most mainstream and cost-effective method. However, these traditional aerodynamic measures are mostly based on a two-dimensional flow control framework, applying uniform disturbances along the bridge span, which fails to fully utilize three-dimensional effects. Sometimes, the control effect is not ideal, and it may even induce new vibrations at other wind speeds.

[0004] Furthermore, existing wind barriers are primarily used to reduce crosswind speeds on bridge decks and improve vehicle safety. Their function is mainly limited to wind speed blocking and airflow diversion, and they have not fully considered the control of wind-induced vibrations in bridges. At the same time, bridge areas have abundant wind energy resources, but existing bridge wind barriers typically fail to utilize this energy, resulting in a waste of wind energy resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, this application provides a wind barrier system for bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex vibration control based on adjustable wake disturbance, so as to improve wind energy utilization at bridges and achieve effective bridge wind vibration control.

[0006] This application provides a bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance, wherein the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance includes: Multiple wind barrier main structures are arranged along the width direction of the bridge at the edge of the bridge deck. Each wind barrier main structure has a wind passage hole, which is bidirectionally connected along the thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure. The thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure is consistent with the width direction of the bridge. Multiple micro wind turbines, each micro wind turbine including a micro generator and multiple blades, the multiple blades being drivenly connected to the output shaft of the micro generator, the micro wind turbines being disposed inside corresponding wind passages, or the micro wind turbines being disposed outside the wind passages and located on the windward side of the main structure of the wind barrier, the main structure of the wind barrier being arranged in an array along the length of the bridge, so that the micro wind turbines are arranged in an array along the length of the bridge, for generating spanwise unsteady disturbances in the wake region of the bridge; An adjustment device is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent micro wind turbines, the rotational speed of the micro wind turbines, and the pitch angle. The system comprises a control module, a power transmission module, a bridge monitoring system, an energy storage module, and a bridge lighting system. The bridge monitoring system includes vibration sensors and wind speed sensors installed on the bridge. The micro generator, power transmission module, bridge monitoring system, energy storage module, regulating device, wind speed sensor, and bridge lighting system are all signal-connected to the control module. The micro generator is electrically connected to the energy storage module and bridge lighting system through the power transmission module. The control module can adjust the operating state of the micro wind turbine based on the bridge vibration information collected by the vibration sensor and / or the wind speed information collected by the wind speed sensor. The energy storage modules are used for power supply to bridge monitoring, control modules, energy storage, or lighting systems.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple air passages, which are arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure of the wind barrier. The number and position of the multiple micro wind turbines correspond one-to-one with the number and position of the multiple air passages to form multiple micro wind turbines arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure of the wind barrier.

[0008] Furthermore, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equidistant intervals, while the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals.

[0009] Furthermore, the output shaft of the microgenerator is arranged vertically or horizontally. When the output shaft of the microgenerator is arranged horizontally, the output shaft of the microgenerator is aligned with the width direction of the bridge or has a predetermined angle with the width direction of the bridge.

[0010] Furthermore, the main structure of the wind barrier is provided with a support mounting base plate at the air passage, the support mounting base plate has a base plate ventilation hole, and the micro generator is detachably mounted on the support mounting base plate at the corresponding air passage.

[0011] Furthermore, when the blades of the micro wind turbine are driven by the wind blowing from the wind-guiding surface of the wind barrier main structure, they rotate in a preset rotation direction. In a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row have the same preset rotation direction, and the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, and the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions. Alternatively, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, while the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a rectangular array may have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, in a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row have the same preset rotation direction, while in a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column have different preset rotation directions.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes a pitch angle motor, the plurality of blades are connected to the micro generator via the pitch angle motor, and the pitch angle motor is signal-connected to the control module.

[0013] Furthermore, the main structure of the wind barrier includes a unit mounting shell, and the air passage is formed on the unit mounting shell.

[0014] Furthermore, there are multiple unit mounting shells arranged along a rectangular array. Each unit mounting shell has a wind passage hole and a corresponding micro wind turbine is installed on it. Adjacent unit mounting shells in each row of the multiple unit mounting shells arranged along the rectangular array are detachably connected to each other, and adjacent unit mounting shells in each column of the multiple unit mounting shells arranged along the rectangular array are detachably connected to each other.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes slide rails installed on both sides of the bridge deck in the width direction, with sliders slidably mounted on the slide rails, and the bottom of the unit mounting housing connected to the sliders.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance provided in this application are as follows: The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-induced vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance provided by this invention comprises multiple micro wind turbines arranged in an array along the length of the bridge. Each micro wind turbine includes a micro generator and multiple blades, which are drivenly connected to the output shaft of the micro generator. When natural wind acts on the bridge, the micro wind turbines can absorb wind energy and convert it into electrical energy through the micro generator to power the required equipment. Furthermore, the airflow generated by the blades of the micro wind turbines can produce three-dimensional unsteady disturbances in the bridge wake region. This disturbance disrupts the original uniform and coherent two-dimensional vortex shedding process along the bridge spanwise, preventing vortices from forming and developing synchronously. This fundamentally suppresses the periodic aerodynamic forces acting on the main beam of the bridge, achieving effective control of vortex-induced vibration. In other words, the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-induced vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance provided by this invention can produce a significant vortex-induced vibration suppression effect. Moreover, the rectangular array of turbines can generate uniform or controllable spanwise disturbances throughout the entire height and length of the bridge, providing a more comprehensive control effect compared to a single row or column arrangement. Micro wind turbines can be installed internally or externally, offering flexible installation options to adapt to different wind barrier thicknesses and shape requirements.

[0017] Other beneficial effects of the present invention will be described in detail below. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of some components of a bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance, according to an embodiment of this application, when installed on the bridge deck. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the signal connections of some components in a bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional unstable modes of the bridge wake.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Bridge deck; 2-Micro generator; 3-Blade; 4-Control module; 5-Power transmission module; 6-Bridge monitoring system; 7-Energy storage module; 8-Bridge lighting system; 9-Slide rail; 10-Slider; 100-Main structure of wind barrier; 101-Wind passage hole; 102-Unit mounting shell; 200-Support mounting base plate; 202-Base plate ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. One or more embodiments of this application are exemplarily shown in the drawings to provide a more accurate and thorough understanding of the technical solutions disclosed herein. However, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below.

[0022] In the accompanying drawings of this application, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this application. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, its meaning includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously.

[0024] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0025] See Figures 1 to 5 This application provides a bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance, wherein the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance includes: Multiple wind barrier main structures 100 are arranged along the width direction of the bridge on the edge of the bridge deck 1. Each wind barrier main structure 100 has a wind passage hole 101. The wind passage hole 101 passes through the wind barrier main structure 100 in both directions along the thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure 100. The thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure 100 is consistent with the width direction of the bridge. Multiple micro wind turbines, each including a micro generator 2 and multiple blades 3, are drivenly connected to the output shaft of the micro generator 2. The micro wind turbines are located inside the wind passage 101, or outside the wind passage 101 and on the windward side of the wind barrier main structure 100. The wind barrier main structure 100 is arranged in an array along the length of the bridge so that the micro wind turbines are arranged in an array along the length of the bridge to generate spanwise unsteady disturbances in the bridge wake region. An adjustment device is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent micro wind turbines, the rotational speed of the micro wind turbines, and the pitch angle. The system comprises a control module 4, a power transmission module 5, a bridge monitoring system 6, an energy storage module 7, and a bridge lighting system 8 (including lights installed on the bridge). The bridge monitoring system 6 includes vibration sensors and wind speed sensors installed on the bridge. The micro generator 2, power transmission module 5, bridge monitoring system 6, energy storage module 7, regulating device, wind speed sensor, and bridge lighting system 8 are all connected to the control module 4 via signals. The micro generator 2 is electrically connected to the energy storage module 7 and bridge lighting system 8 via the power transmission module 5. The control module can regulate the operation of the micro wind turbine based on the bridge vibration information collected by the vibration sensor and / or the wind speed information collected by the wind speed sensor. The adjustment objective is to reduce the spanwise coherence of vortex shedding or to detune the wake disturbance frequency to the bridge vortex-induced vibration frequency. Specifically, the control module 4 can be an embedded controller, PLC, or microcomputer. The power transmission module 5 can include structures such as rectifiers, voltage regulators, inverters, and wires. The control module 4 can adjust the operating state of the micro wind turbines according to the real-time vibration response and wind speed information of the bridge. Control methods may include: adjusting the speed of the micro wind turbines; adjusting the operating phase between different micro wind turbines; controlling the start and stop of some micro wind turbines; adjusting the wake disturbance frequency according to the bridge vibration frequency; and automatically adjusting the array working mode according to the incoming wind speed. The power transmission module 5 can collect and process the electrical energy generated by each micro generator 2 and supply it to the energy storage module 7 (battery pack) for storage, or directly supply it to the bridge lighting system 8. Vibration sensors monitor the vibration response of the bridge in real time and feed the data back to the control module 4. The control module 4 adjusts the operating state of the micro wind turbines according to the bridge vibration frequency and amplitude, thereby changing the wake structure characteristics. This embodiment achieves energy self-sufficiency and intelligent control. The introduction of vibration sensors enables control module 4 to perceive the vortex-induced vibration state of the bridge in real time, thereby adjusting the operating parameters of the micro wind turbine (such as speed, pitch angle, start-stop, etc.) according to actual needs, achieving "on-demand vibration suppression". At the same time, the collected wind energy is stored or directly used for bridge lighting and bridge monitoring system 6, reducing dependence on external power and improving the energy self-sufficiency and operational reliability of bridge auxiliary systems.

[0026] In the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance provided by the present invention, multiple micro wind turbines are arranged in an array along the length of the bridge. The adjustment device includes a known generator speed controller connected to a micro generator 2. The micro wind turbine includes a micro generator 2 and multiple blades 3. The multiple blades 3 are drivenly connected to the output shaft of the micro generator 2. When natural wind acts on the bridge, the micro wind turbine can absorb wind energy and convert it into electrical energy through the micro generator 2 to power the required equipment (such as the vibration sensor, energy storage module 7, and bridge lighting system 8 mentioned below in the bridge monitoring system 6). On the other hand, the airflow generated by the blades 3 of the micro wind turbine can generate three-dimensional unsteady disturbances in the wake region of the bridge. This disturbance disrupts the original uniform and coherent two-dimensional vortex shedding process along the bridge's spanwise direction, preventing vortices from forming and developing synchronously. This fundamentally suppresses the periodic aerodynamic forces acting on the bridge's main beam, achieving effective control of vortex-induced vibration. In other words, the bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance provided by this invention can produce a significant vortex vibration suppression effect. Furthermore, the rectangular array of turbines can generate uniform or controllable spanwise disturbances throughout the bridge's height and length, offering a more comprehensive control effect compared to single-row or single-column arrangements. The micro wind turbines can be embedded or externally mounted, providing flexible installation options to adapt to different wind barrier thicknesses and shape requirements.

[0027] The principle of vortex-induced vibration suppression and wake control in this invention is as follows: When natural wind flows through the main body of the wind barrier, part of the airflow passes through the wind barrier and acts on the micro wind turbine. The blades 3 of the micro wind turbine rotate under the drive of the airflow, converting wind energy into electrical energy on the one hand; on the other hand, the rotating blades 3 will change the local flow field structure around the bridge. Unlike traditional wind barriers, the rotating blades 3 will generate a dynamic, spanwise (bridge length direction, also known as the X direction) periodically varying downstream wake field with obvious three-dimensional characteristics (i.e., three-dimensional spanwise disturbance). After multiple wake regions interfere with each other, the regular two-dimensional vortex shedding structure formed during the flow around the bridge can be destroyed, thereby reducing the spatial coherence of vortex shedding. Specifically, the rotation frequency of the blades 3 and the passing frequency are superimposed, which disrupts the vortex shedding that was originally completely in the same position in the spanwise direction, significantly shortening the spanwise coherence length of the shed vortex and weakening its intensity. Because the wake structure has obvious spanwise disturbance characteristics, it can form a three-dimensional flow field structure in the bridge span direction, weakening the periodic aerodynamic forces around the bridge. Compared with traditional two-dimensional flow control methods, this invention utilizes wake modulation to achieve three-dimensional spanwise disturbance control, which can suppress vortex-induced vibration of bridges from the source.

[0028] According to one embodiment of this application, there are multiple air passages 101 arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure 100 of the wind barrier. The number and position of multiple micro wind turbines correspond one-to-one with the number and position of the multiple air passages 101 to form multiple micro wind turbines arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure 100 of the wind barrier. Each micro wind turbine is disposed inside the corresponding air passage 101, or each micro wind turbine is disposed outside the corresponding air passage 101 and located on the windward side of the main structure 100 of the wind barrier.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment of this application, multiple wind barrier main structures 100 are arranged at intervals along the length of the bridge on both sides of the bridge in the width direction, and each wind barrier main structure 100 is also equipped with the above multiple micro wind turbines.

[0030] According to one embodiment of this application, the micro wind turbines in each row of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equidistant intervals, while the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals.

[0031] This embodiment provides four optional spacing schemes for the turbine array. The first scheme uses equal spacing in both rows and columns, forming a regular, periodic grid. The second scheme uses non-equal spacing in both rows and columns, where the spacing between adjacent turbines varies according to a certain rule (e.g., increasing, decreasing, or random). The third scheme uses equal spacing in the rows and non-equal spacing in the columns. The fourth scheme uses non-equal spacing in the rows and equal spacing in the columns. These different spacing schemes can be used individually or in combination. Different spacing schemes correspond to different wake disturbance characteristics. Equal spacing generates periodic disturbances with a single characteristic wavelength, which is effective in suppressing vortex-induced vibrations at specific frequencies. Non-equal spacing generates multi-scale, wide-spectrum disturbances, which can simultaneously suppress vortex shedding of multiple frequency components, exhibiting greater adaptability, especially suitable for bridges in complex wind environments where vortex-induced vibration frequencies may drift. Using different spacings in the rows and columns allows for separate control of disturbance characteristics in the horizontal spanwise and vertical directions, achieving more refined flow field control.

[0032] According to one embodiment of this application, the output shaft of the micro generator 2 is arranged vertically or horizontally. When the output shaft of the micro generator 2 is arranged horizontally, its axis is aligned with or at a predetermined angle to the width direction of the bridge. In this embodiment, when the output shaft of the micro generator 2 is arranged horizontally, it is referred to as a horizontal-axis wind turbine; when the output shaft of the micro generator 2 is arranged vertically, it is referred to as a vertical-axis wind turbine. Providing both vertical and horizontal axis options allows the system to adapt to different installation spaces and wind conditions.

[0033] According to one embodiment of this application, the wind barrier main structure 100 is provided with a support mounting base plate 200 at the air passage 101. The support mounting base plate 200 has a base plate ventilation hole 201. The micro generator 2 is detachably (e.g., snap-fit ​​or connected by bolts or screws) mounted on the support mounting base plate 200 at the corresponding air passage 101.

[0034] According to one embodiment of this application, the micro generator 2 can be mounted on the support mounting base 200 via a vibration damping mechanism (e.g., a spring vibration damping mechanism). The vibration damping mechanism is used to reduce local vibrations generated during the operation of the micro wind turbine. The micro generator 2 is detachably mounted on the support mounting base 200 at the corresponding wind passage 101 for easy maintenance and replacement. In addition, a maintenance passage is reserved inside the wind barrier body to facilitate maintenance of the micro wind turbine, the power transmission module 5, and the control module 4 of related components.

[0035] According to one embodiment of this application, when the blades 3 in the micro wind turbine are driven by the wind blowing from the wind-inducing surface of the wind barrier main structure 100, they rotate in a preset rotation direction. In a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row have the same preset rotation direction, and in a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, and the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions. Alternatively, the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, while the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array may have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array have the same preset rotation direction, while the blades 3 of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a plurality of micro wind turbines arranged along a rectangular array have different preset rotation directions.

[0036] In this embodiment, four preset rotation directions for the turbine blades 3 are provided: all in the same direction (both rows and columns are the same); all alternating (both adjacent rows and columns are opposite); alternating rows and the same columns; and the same rows and alternating columns. The rotation directions of adjacent turbines have a decisive influence on the interaction between the wakes. When rotating in the same direction, adjacent wakes will generate induced velocities in the same direction, which may form large-scale vortices. When rotating in opposite directions, strong shearing and mixing occur between the wakes, forming small-scale, high-turbulence-intensity disturbances, which are more conducive to disrupting the coherence of vortices. By selecting different rotation direction distribution patterns, the scale, intensity, and spatial structure of the wake disturbances can be precisely controlled, achieving customized suppression of vortex-induced vibrations.

[0037] According to one embodiment of this application, the adjustment device includes a pitch angle motor. Multiple blades 3 are connected to a micro generator 2 via the pitch angle motor. The pitch angle motor is signal-connected to a control module 4. In this embodiment, the vibration acceleration signal or wind speed signal of the bridge (bridge main beam) monitored in real time by a vibration sensor is fed back to the control module 4. The control module 4 then controls the pitch angle motor to adjust the pitch angle of the blades 3 based on the signal. For example, when the wind speed is low or no vortex-induced vibration occurs, the blades 3 are adjusted to the optimal power generation angle to maximize energy capture. When vortex-induced vibration of a specific frequency is detected in the bridge main beam, the blades 3 are adjusted to a specific angle so that the wake disturbance frequency generated by the blades achieves the best "detuning" effect with the vortex shedding characteristic frequency, thereby actively enhancing the vortex vibration suppression effect.

[0038] According to one embodiment of this application, the wind barrier main structure 100 includes a unit mounting shell 102, and a wind passage 101 is formed on the unit mounting shell 102.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of this application, there are multiple unit mounting shells 102 arranged in a rectangular array. Each unit mounting shell 102 has a wind passage 101 and a corresponding micro wind turbine is installed. Adjacent unit mounting shells 102 in each row of the rectangular array are detachably connected to each other, and adjacent unit mounting shells 102 in each column of the rectangular array are also detachably connected to each other. In this embodiment, each unit mounting shell 102 and the micro wind turbine installed on it form a wind turbine unit module. The modular design brings significant engineering advantages. First, manufacturing and transportation are more convenient, as each wind turbine unit module is small in size and lightweight. Second, installation is flexible; the number of units can be increased or decreased according to the actual length and height of the bridge, making it highly adaptable. Most importantly, maintenance is extremely convenient: when a turbine is damaged, only the corresponding unit mounting shell 102 needs to be removed for replacement, greatly shortening maintenance time. Simultaneously, modularity also facilitates system upgrades and modifications.

[0040] According to one embodiment of this application, the adjustment device includes slide rails 9 installed on both sides of the bridge deck 1 in the width direction of the bridge. A slider 10 is slidably mounted on the slide rails 9. The bottom of the unit mounting shell 102 is connected to the slider 10. The slide rails 9 are preferably electrically controlled guide rails, so that the spacing between multiple micro wind turbines on the slide rails 9 can be automatically adjusted.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting this application. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, such as combining different features in various embodiments, and these should all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance, characterized in that, The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance includes: Multiple wind barrier main structures are arranged along the width direction of the bridge at the edge of the bridge deck. Each wind barrier main structure has a wind passage hole, which is bidirectionally connected along the thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure. The thickness direction of the wind barrier main structure is consistent with the width direction of the bridge. Multiple micro wind turbines, each micro wind turbine including a micro generator and multiple blades, the multiple blades being drivenly connected to the output shaft of the micro generator, the micro wind turbines being disposed inside corresponding wind passages, or the micro wind turbines being disposed outside the wind passages and located on the windward side of the main structure of the wind barrier, the main structure of the wind barrier being arranged in an array along the length of the bridge, so that the micro wind turbines are arranged in an array along the length of the bridge, for generating spanwise unsteady disturbances in the wake region of the bridge; An adjustment device is used to adjust the spacing between adjacent micro wind turbines, the rotational speed of the micro wind turbines, and the pitch angle. The system comprises a control module, a power transmission module, a bridge monitoring system, an energy storage module, and a bridge lighting system. The bridge monitoring system includes vibration sensors and wind speed sensors installed on the bridge. The micro generator, power transmission module, bridge monitoring system, energy storage module, regulating device, wind speed sensor, and bridge lighting system are all signal-connected to the control module. The micro generator is electrically connected to the energy storage module and bridge lighting system through the power transmission module. The control module can adjust the operating state of the micro wind turbine based on the bridge vibration information collected by the vibration sensor and / or the wind speed information collected by the wind speed sensor. The energy storage modules are used for power supply to bridge monitoring, control modules, energy storage, or lighting systems.

2. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of wind passage holes is multiple, and the multiple wind passage holes are arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure of the wind barrier. The number and position of the multiple micro wind turbines correspond one-to-one with the number and position of the multiple wind passage holes to form multiple micro wind turbines arranged in a rectangular array on the main structure of the wind barrier.

3. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged with non-equidistant spacing. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals, and the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equal intervals. Alternatively, the micro wind turbines in each row of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at non-equidistant intervals, while the micro wind turbines in each column of the multiple micro wind turbines arranged along the rectangular array are arranged at equal intervals.

4. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The output shaft of the microgenerator is arranged vertically or horizontally. When the output shaft of the microgenerator is arranged horizontally, the output shaft of the microgenerator is aligned with the width direction of the bridge or has a predetermined angle with the width direction of the bridge.

5. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main structure of the wind barrier is provided with a support mounting base plate at the wind passage hole. The support mounting base plate has a base plate ventilation hole. The micro generator is detachably mounted on the support mounting base plate at the corresponding wind passage hole.

6. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the blades of the micro wind turbine are driven by the wind blowing from the wind-inducing surface of the wind barrier main structure, they rotate in a preset rotation direction. In a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row have the same preset rotation direction, and the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, and the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions. Alternatively, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row of a rectangular array may have different preset rotation directions, while the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column of a rectangular array may have the same preset rotation direction. Alternatively, in a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each row have the same preset rotation direction, while in a rectangular array of multiple micro wind turbines, the blades of adjacent micro wind turbines in each column have different preset rotation directions.

7. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The adjustment device includes a pitch angle motor, the plurality of blades are connected to the micro generator via the pitch angle motor, and the pitch angle motor is connected to the control module via a signal connection.

8. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The main structure of the wind barrier includes a unit mounting shell, and the wind passage hole is formed on the unit mounting shell.

9. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The number of unit mounting shells is multiple, and the multiple unit mounting shells are arranged along a rectangular array. Each unit mounting shell has a wind passage hole and a corresponding micro wind turbine is installed. Adjacent unit mounting shells in each row of the multiple unit mounting shells arranged along the rectangular array are detachably connected to each other, and adjacent unit mounting shells in each column of the multiple unit mounting shells arranged along the rectangular array are detachably connected to each other.

10. The bridge wind energy harvesting and vortex-vibration control wind barrier system based on adjustable wake disturbance according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjustment device includes slide rails installed on both sides of the bridge deck in the width direction, with sliders slidably mounted on the slide rails, and the bottom of the unit mounting housing connected to the sliders.

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