Integral construction method for large-span bridge pier side support in complex sea area

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of complex sea area large-span bridge pier side support integral construction methods, it is related to bridge construction field.The method includes: the pier side support is divided into several sheet structures and is assembled on bed frame respectively;Each sheet structure is turned to vertical installation state using portal crane and is fixed using temporary support frame;In vertical installation state, inter-sheet connection system is welded to form integral support;Integral support is hoisted to barge in horizontal state and is transported to construction site after being fixed;Integral support is turned to vertical installation state using floating crane;Accurately adjust support to design coordinate using fine adjustment device;Weld wall attachment and fixed column foot to complete installation, can solve the problem of poor quality of existing technology pier side support horizontal assembly welding, horizontal transportation is easy to deform and low efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a method for the overall construction of pier-side supports for long-span bridges in complex sea areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of my country's transportation industry, the construction of large-scale cross-sea bridges is gradually increasing. Frequent typhoons and complex marine conditions add to the difficulty of bridge construction. In the tower areas of cable-stayed or suspension bridges, pier-side supports are required to support the assembly of steel beams in the tower area and provide a construction platform for the installation of bridge deck cranes. Therefore, the construction efficiency and quality of the pier-side supports directly affect the construction progress and safety of the bridge superstructure.

[0003] Currently, there are two main methods for constructing pier-side supports.

[0004] One method is on-site assembly, where each component is transported separately to the construction site and assembled piece by piece at the pier location. This method is slow and has a long construction period; it requires multiple cranes to work together on-site, resulting in significant investment in machinery and difficulties in positioning them; furthermore, the welding workload during assembly is substantial, with numerous high-altitude overhead welding positions, making it difficult to guarantee weld quality. Especially in complex sea areas within typhoon zones, the effective working window is short, and on-site assembly is severely affected by wind and waves, posing high construction risks.

[0005] The second method is the back-end assembly method, which involves assembling the support frame into a horizontal position on land and then transporting it to the site for installation. This method shifts a large amount of assembly work to the back-end, reducing offshore operation time and improving installation efficiency. However, the existing overall assembly method still has the following shortcomings: When the support frame is assembled in a horizontal position, the welding space for the bottom components and connecting systems is limited, and some welds must be welded overhead or vertically, making it difficult to guarantee welding quality; after assembly, the support frame is loaded onto the ship in a horizontal position, and the force direction of the support frame is inconsistent with the design usage state, making it easy for the structure to undergo additional deformation due to bumps and swaying during transportation; moreover, the horizontal position occupies a large area of ​​barge deck, limiting the size of the support frame that can be transported under the same shipping capacity.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a construction method for pier-side supports that can simultaneously ensure welding quality, improve transportation efficiency, and shorten on-site operation time, so as to adapt to the construction conditions in the complex sea areas of typhoon zones. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a method for the overall construction of pier-side supports for long-span bridges in complex sea areas, which can solve the problems of poor welding quality, easy deformation and low efficiency of horizontal assembly of pier-side supports in the prior art.

[0008] To address the above problems, this invention provides a method for the overall construction of a pier-side support system for a long-span bridge in complex sea areas, comprising the following steps: Segmented assembly steps: Divide the support frame along the pier into several segmented structures along the horizontal direction, and assemble each segmented structure on the jig respectively; First turning step: Use a gantry crane to turn each of the sheet structures from the horizontal position to the vertical installation position, and use a temporary support frame to fix each of the sheet structures; Vertical assembly steps: With each of the sheet structures in a vertical installation state, weld the connecting system between adjacent sheet structures to assemble each sheet structure into a whole pier support. Loading and transporting steps: Install temporary transport supports at the bottom of the pier-side support, and hoist the pier-side support with the temporary transport supports installed onto the barge in a horizontal position. The temporary transport supports are fixedly connected to the barge deck with fasteners and transported to the construction site. The second turning step: using a floating crane to turn the pier-side support from a horizontal position to a vertical installation position; Fine-tuning positioning steps: Install a fine-tuning device between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, and use the fine-tuning device to precisely adjust the spatial position of the pier-side support to the design coordinates; Installation and fixing steps: Fix the finely adjusted pier side support to the designed position, including welding the wall attachment and fixing the column base.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for the overall construction of pier-side supports for long-span bridges in complex marine areas, which, compared with the prior art, has the following beneficial effects, but is not limited to: After being assembled in sections, the connection system is welded together in a vertical installation state to form a whole. When the sections are assembled horizontally on the jig, flat welding can be used to ensure the quality of the weld. When the connection system is welded in a vertical installation state, overhead welding can be avoided. After the vertical assembly is completed, the pier-side support, which has formed a complete spatial truss, is laid down and loaded onto the ship in a horizontal state for transportation. During transportation, the temporary support for transportation is fixedly connected to the barge deck with fasteners, so that the support and the barge form an integral load-bearing structure, which suppresses the additional structural deformation caused by bumps and swaying during transportation. In addition, the temporary support provides bottom constraint conditions consistent with the actual use condition throughout the transportation process, which improves the stress state of the support during transportation. The entire process of segmented assembly, flipping, and vertical assembly is completed in the back-end. Only one floating crane flipping and fine-tuning installation is required on the construction site to put it in place, reducing the time spent on sea operations in the complex sea areas of typhoon zones.

[0010] Preferably, in the first turning step, the temporary support frame and the sheet structure are detachably connected, and the bottom of the temporary support frame is provided with an anti-tipping counterweight device.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-tipping counterweight device includes: The base frame is placed flat on the construction ground; Several counterweights are detachably mounted on the base frame; And connectors, for fixing the counterweight to the base frame; The columns of the temporary support frame are welded or bolted to the base frame.

[0012] Preferably, in the installation and fixing step, multiple layers of wall-mounted components are installed between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, with each layer of wall-mounted components spaced apart along the height direction of the pier tower structure.

[0013] Preferably, in the installation and fixing step, a column base adjustment base is set between the steel pipe column base of the pier support and the embedded part of the foundation. The height of the column base adjustment base is adjustable and used to adjust the elevation and verticality of the column base.

[0014] Preferably, in the second turning step, an anti-sway device is installed on the pier-side support. The anti-sway device includes a guy rope connecting the upper part of the pier-side support to the floating crane hull, and a guide traction rope connecting the lower part of the pier-side support to the embedded part of the pier cap. During the turning process, the swing amplitude of the pier-side support in the horizontal direction is controlled by the guy rope and the guide traction rope.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the guide traction rope is connected to the bottom steel pipe column foot of the pier-side support, and the other end is connected to the traction anchor point on the pier cap embedded part. During the turning process, the guide traction rope is gradually tightened so that the bottom of the support enters the guide positioning groove on the pier cap embedded part.

[0016] Preferably, after the floating crane flips the pier-side support to a vertical installation position, a temporary tying device is set between the top of the support and the pier tower structure. The support is kept vertically stable by the temporary tying device before the floating crane is released.

[0017] Preferably, the temporary tie-up device includes a tie rod and a turnbuckle. One end of the tie rod is hinged to the top of the pier-side support, and the other end is hinged to an anchor embedded in the pier tower structure. The turnbuckle is located in the middle of the tie rod and is used to adjust the length and tension of the tie rod.

[0018] Preferably, before the second turning step, a transport status release step is included: releasing the fastener connection between the temporary transport support and the barge deck, so that the pier-side support is in a liftable state. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall construction process of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, specific embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," "comprise," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms, indicating that a method comprises one or more steps, or an apparatus comprises one or more elements, but not excluding the inclusion of other steps or elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] It should be emphasized that when the term "comprising / including" is used in this specification, it is used to explicitly indicate the presence of the stated feature, integer, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, parts, or groups of features, integers, steps, or parts.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for the overall construction of a pier-side support for a long-span bridge in complex sea areas, comprising the following steps: Segmented assembly steps: Divide the support frame along the pier into several segmented structures along the horizontal direction, and assemble each segmented structure on the jig respectively; First turning step: Use a gantry crane to turn each of the sheet structures from the horizontal position to the vertical installation position, and use a temporary support frame to fix each of the sheet structures; Vertical assembly steps: With each of the sheet structures in a vertical installation state, weld the connecting system between adjacent sheet structures to assemble each sheet structure into a whole pier support. Loading and transporting steps: Install temporary transport supports at the bottom of the pier-side support, and hoist the pier-side support with the temporary transport supports installed onto the barge in a horizontal position. The temporary transport supports are fixedly connected to the barge deck with fasteners and transported to the construction site. The second turning step: using a floating crane to turn the pier-side support from a horizontal position to a vertical installation position; Fine-tuning positioning steps: Install a fine-tuning device between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, and use the fine-tuning device to precisely adjust the spatial position of the pier-side support to the design coordinates; Installation and fixing steps: Fix the finely adjusted pier side support to the designed position, including welding the wall attachment and fixing the column base.

[0027] The specific implementation methods for each of the above steps are as follows: First, in the segmented assembly step, based on the pre-designed drawings of the pier-side support, the pier-side support is divided into several segmented structures along the horizontal direction. Each segmented structure typically includes two or three main steel pipe columns and some connecting systems between them. A jig is set at the assembly position of each segmented structure, allowing each segmented structure to be assembled on the jig. During assembly, each segmented structure is in a horizontal position on the jig, and all welds are performed using a flat welding method to ensure welding quality.

[0028] In the first turning step, after each sheet structure is assembled on the jig, a gantry crane is used to turn each sheet structure from a horizontal position to an vertical installation position. During the turning process, the main hook of the gantry crane is connected to the pre-set lifting lugs on the sheet structure via a steel wire rope, and the sheet structure is slowly lifted and rotated to a vertical position. After the sheet structure is turned to a vertical installation position, a temporary support frame is set on the side or back of the sheet structure and connected to the main steel pipe column of the sheet structure through detachable connectors to prevent the sheet structure from tipping over in subsequent operations.

[0029] In the vertical assembly step, after each panel structure is in a vertical installation state and fixed by a temporary support frame, the connecting system is hoisted to the designed position between adjacent panel structures. While still vertically installed, the connecting system is welded to the main steel pipe columns of each panel structure, assembling the panel structures into a complete pier-side support. Welding is performed symmetrically from bottom to top to minimize welding deformation.

[0030] During the loading and transportation process, temporary transport supports are installed at the bottom of the pier-side support structure. The number and location of these temporary supports should be determined based on the center of gravity of the support structure and the load-bearing capacity of the barge deck. A gantry crane is used to lift the pier-side support structure horizontally onto the barge. The temporary transport supports are secured to the barge deck with fasteners to prevent displacement or overturning during transport. The barge then transports the support structure to the construction site along a predetermined route.

[0031] In the second turning step, after the barge transports the equipment to the construction site and anchors it, a floating crane is used to turn the support structure from a horizontal position to a vertical installation position. The main hook of the floating crane is connected to a pre-set lifting point on the support structure via a steel wire rope, and the support structure is slowly lifted and rotated.

[0032] In the fine-tuning and positioning step, a fine-tuning device is installed between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure. This device can take the form of a hydraulic jack, a screw adjusting rod, or a tensioning component. The device precisely adjusts the spatial position of the pier-side support in three dimensions until the spatial coordinates of its top and bottom reach the design values, with positioning accuracy controlled to the millimeter level.

[0033] Specifically, the fine-tuning device includes three sets of adjustment mechanisms corresponding to the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical directions of the bridge. Each set of adjustment mechanisms applies displacement force independently or collaboratively through hydraulic or mechanical means to drive the pier-side support to move in the corresponding direction. During the adjustment process, measuring instruments are used to monitor the spatial coordinates of multiple control points on the pier-side support in real time. The measured coordinates are compared with the design coordinates, and each set of adjustment mechanisms is adjusted sequentially or synchronously according to the deviation values ​​in each direction until the coordinate deviations of all control points are within the preset allowable error range.

[0034] During the installation and fixing process, the finely adjusted pier-side support is fixed in its designed position. Fixing methods include welding wall-mounted components and fixing column bases. The wall-mounted components are installed between the pier-side support and the pier / tower structure, arranged in multiple layers along the height of the pier / tower structure, connecting the pier-side support and the pier / tower structure as a whole. The column bases are fixed to the embedded parts of the pier cap by welding or bolting, completing the installation of the pier-side support.

[0035] In this invention, the term "connector" refers to a system of members installed between the main steel pipe columns of adjacent sheet structures to connect the sheet structures into an overall spatial truss structure. This system includes, but is not limited to, horizontally arranged tie rods, cross-arranged scissor braces, and vertically arranged straight braces. The connection system is fixedly connected to the main steel pipes of each sheet structure by welding, serving to transfer shear force and bending moment, and enhancing the overall structural stability.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, during the first turning over step, the temporary support frame and the sheet structure are detachably connected, and the bottom of the temporary support frame is provided with an anti-tipping counterweight device.

[0037] Specifically, the temporary support frame is welded from structural steel, with connecting lugs or sleeves at its top. Connecting lugs are welded to corresponding positions on the main steel pipe columns of the sheet-like structure. The temporary support frame and the sheet-like structure are detachably connected via pins, bolts, or U-shaped clips. After the sheet-like structure is rotated to a vertical installation position, the temporary support frame is moved to the side of the sheet-like structure, and the connecting lugs of the temporary support frame are fixedly connected to the connecting lugs on the sheet-like structure columns using pins or bolts. After the sheet-like structure is assembled, the pins or bolts can be removed to separate the temporary support frame from the sheet-like structure, allowing for the reuse of the temporary support frame.

[0038] Anti-tipping counterweights are used to increase the stabilizing moment of temporary support frames, preventing sheet structures from overturning due to a high center of gravity or wind force when installed vertically. The total weight of the counterweights should be calculated and determined based on the weight and height of the sheet structure and the wind load conditions of the construction area, and is generally not less than 1.2 times the weight of the sheet structure.

[0039] This embodiment, through the combination of detachable connection and anti-tipping counterweight device, not only ensures the stability of the sheet structure in the vertical installation state, but also realizes the reuse of temporary support frame, reducing construction costs.

[0040] In this embodiment of the application, the anti-tipping counterweight device includes: The base frame is placed flat on the construction ground; Several counterweights are detachably mounted on the base frame; And connectors, for fixing the counterweight to the base frame; The columns of the temporary support frame are welded or bolted to the base frame.

[0041] The base frame is welded from structural steel and rests flat on the construction ground. The bottom area of ​​the base frame should be determined based on the bearing capacity of the foundation and the total amount of counterweight required to ensure that the foundation does not settle excessively. The base frame is equipped with positioning slots or positioning pins for installing counterweights.

[0042] The counterweights are precast concrete blocks, each with the same weight and dimensions to facilitate standardized production and on-site stacking. The counterweights are detachably mounted to the base frame. Specifically, the bottom of each counterweight has positioning holes that mate with positioning pins on the base frame, allowing for quick positioning of the counterweights through the engagement of the positioning pins and holes. The counterweights are stacked in layers on the base frame, with each layer positioned by interlocking tongues and grooves to prevent relative slippage in the horizontal direction.

[0043] The connector secures the counterweights to the base frame. The connector can be a vertical screw running through each layer of counterweights, with the bottom of the screw fixed to the base frame and the top locked in place by a nut, pressing each layer of counterweights firmly onto the base frame. Alternatively, the connector can be a strapping band or chain encircling the counterweights to secure them to the base frame.

[0044] The columns of the temporary support frame are welded or bolted to the base frame. Specifically, the base frame is equipped with connecting flanges or connecting sleeves corresponding to the columns of the temporary support frame. The bottom of the columns of the temporary support frame is fixedly connected to the connecting flanges by welding or high-strength bolts, so that the temporary support frame and the base frame form an integral load-bearing structure.

[0045] In this embodiment of the application, during the installation and fixing step, multiple layers of wall-mounted components are installed between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, with each layer of wall-mounted components arranged at intervals along the height direction of the pier tower structure.

[0046] The number of wall attachment layers and the spacing between each layer are determined based on the height of the pier-side supports, the stress characteristics, and the structural form of the pier and tower. Generally, wall attachments are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the pier and tower structure, with a vertical spacing of 6m to 15m between adjacent layers of wall attachments. The specific spacing should be determined by calculation.

[0047] Each layer of wall-mounted components connects one or more main steel pipe columns of the pier-side support to the corresponding positions of the pier and tower structures. The wall-mounted components can be steel rods or steel pipe rods, with one end welded to the main steel pipe column of the pier-side support and the other end fixed to the concrete surface of the pier and tower structures through embedded parts or chemical anchors.

[0048] In this embodiment of the application, during the installation and fixing step, a column base adjustment base is set between the steel pipe column base of the pier support and the embedded part of the foundation. The height of the column base adjustment base is adjustable and is used to adjust the elevation and verticality of the column base.

[0049] Specifically, the column base adjustment base includes a base plate, a top plate, and an adjusting component. The base plate is a steel plate, placed flat on the embedded parts of the foundation, and fixed to the embedded parts of the foundation by anchor bolts. A guide sleeve or guide groove is provided on the upper surface of the base plate. The top plate is a steel plate, welded and fixed to the bottom of the steel pipe column base. An adjusting component is provided between the top plate and the base plate, which can take the form of an adjusting shim, adjusting screw, or hydraulic jack, etc.

[0050] When using adjusting shims, several layers of steel shims of different thicknesses are placed between the base plate and the top plate. The height of the column base is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of shims or replacing them with shims of different thicknesses. When using adjusting screws, several adjusting nuts are welded to the base plate, and through holes are made at corresponding positions on the top plate. The adjusting screw passes through the through holes and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nuts. The distance between the base plate and the top plate is changed by rotating the adjusting screw, thus achieving continuous adjustment of the column base elevation.

[0051] The column base adjustment range is 0-100mm to meet the elevation and verticality adjustment requirements during pier-side support installation. After column base adjustment, high-strength grout is injected between the base plate and top plate to encapsulate the adjustment components, forming a permanent bearing structure. Stiffening ribs are also provided around the column base, welded to the outer wall of the steel pipe column base and the top plate to improve the shear bearing capacity and punching shear resistance of the column base.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, during the second turning step, an anti-sway device is installed on the pier-side support. The anti-sway device includes a guy rope connecting the upper part of the pier-side support to the floating crane hull, and a guide traction rope connecting the lower part of the pier-side support to the embedded part of the pier cap. During the turning process, the swing amplitude of the pier-side support in the horizontal direction is controlled by the guy rope and the guide traction rope.

[0053] Guy ropes are connected between the upper part of the support structure beside the pier and the hull of the floating crane. Specifically, guy rope connecting lugs are installed on the main steel pipe columns at the top of the support structure beside the pier. Guy rope anchorage points are installed at corresponding positions on the deck or side of the floating crane hull. One end of the guy rope is connected to the connecting lug on the support structure via a shackle, and the other end is connected to the anchorage point on the floating crane hull via a shackle. The number of guy ropes is generally 2 to 4, evenly distributed along the circumference of the support structure.

[0054] A traction rope connecting lug is installed on the bottom steel pipe column base of the pier-side support, and a corresponding traction anchor point is installed on the embedded part of the pier cap. One end of the guide traction rope is connected to the connecting lug on the column base via a shackle, and the other end is connected to the traction anchor point on the embedded part of the pier cap via a shackle. A hand-operated hoist or winch can be installed in the middle of the guide traction rope to gradually tighten the guide traction rope during the turning process.

[0055] During the turning process, the tension of the guy ropes is gradually adjusted according to the turning angle of the support, and the guide traction rope begins to tighten gradually when the support is turned to a near-vertical state. The tensioning and loosening of the guy ropes and the guide traction ropes work together to ensure that the upper part of the support is constrained by the guy ropes and the lower part is guided by the guide traction ropes, so that the turning is completed smoothly and the support is positioned in the designed position.

[0056] In this embodiment, one end of the guide traction rope is connected to the bottom steel pipe column foot of the pier-side support, and the other end is connected to the traction anchor point on the pier cap embedded part. During the turning process, the guide traction rope is gradually tightened so that the bottom of the support enters the guide positioning groove on the pier cap embedded part.

[0057] Specifically, a traction rope connecting lug is welded to the outer wall of the steel pipe column base. The connecting lug should be positioned close to the bottom of the column base to facilitate effective transmission of traction force. The other end of the guide traction rope is connected to a traction anchor point on the embedded part of the foundation. The traction anchor points are set on the side of the embedded part of the foundation near the designed position of the support column base, and the number of traction anchor points corresponds to the number of steel pipe column bases.

[0058] The foundation embedded parts are equipped with guide positioning grooves. These grooves are recesses on the upper surface of the foundation embedded parts, their shape and size adapted to the bottom of the steel pipe column base. The entrance end of the guide positioning groove has a guide ramp or guide cone to facilitate the smooth entry of the steel pipe column base into the groove under the guidance of the guide traction rope. The bottom of the guide positioning groove is equipped with positioning marks or positioning sensors to assist operators in determining whether the column base has reached the designed position.

[0059] During the turning process, the bottom of the support frame is gradually tightened towards the embedded parts of the foundation by gradually tightening the guide traction rope. The specific operating steps are as follows: When the support frame is turned to a near-vertical installation position, begin to gradually tighten the guide traction rope. The tightening speed of the guide traction rope should be coordinated with the lifting speed of the floating crane's main hook to ensure that the bottom of the support frame smoothly enters the guide positioning groove under the guidance of the guide traction rope. After the steel pipe column foot enters the guide positioning groove, continue to tighten the guide traction rope to allow the column foot to slide along the guide positioning groove to the designed position. After the column foot reaches the designed position, lock the guide traction rope to keep the column foot position unchanged, and then carry out the column foot fixing operation.

[0060] In this embodiment, after the floating crane flips the pier-side support to a vertical installation state, a temporary tying device is set between the top of the support and the pier tower structure. The support is kept in a vertical and stable state by the temporary tying device before the floating crane is released.

[0061] In the above steps, after the floating crane flips the pier-side support to a vertical installation position, a temporary tying device is installed between the top of the support and the pier tower structure. The function of the temporary tying device is to temporarily connect the top of the support to the pier tower structure before the floating crane releases its hook, so that the support can maintain a vertical and stable state after the floating crane releases its hook, preventing the support from overturning or swaying due to the loss of the floating crane's restraint at the moment of release.

[0062] The specific timing for installing the temporary tying device is when the floating crane has turned the support frame to a vertical installation position, the bottom of the support frame has entered the guide positioning groove or has been initially positioned, but the floating crane has not yet released its hook. At this time, using the floating crane to maintain the vertical installation position of the support frame, the operator installs the temporary tying device between the top of the support frame and the corresponding position of the bridge pier tower structure.

[0063] The number of temporary tying devices is generally 2 to 4 sets, evenly arranged along the circumference of the top of the support to ensure that the support is subjected to uniform force after the hooks are released. One end of each set of temporary tying devices is connected to the main steel pipe column or top beam at the top of the support, and the other end is connected to the pre-embedded anchor at the corresponding elevation position of the pier tower structure.

[0064] After the temporary tying device is installed, check the firmness of all connection points. Once confirmed, the commanding officer will issue the command to release the floating crane hook. The floating crane will slowly release the hook, transferring the entire weight of the support structure to the temporary tying device and column foundation. Observe the status of the support structure during the release process. After confirming that the support structure remains vertical and stable, proceed with the subsequent permanent fixing work.

[0065] In this embodiment, the temporary tie-up device includes a tie rod and a turnbuckle. One end of the tie rod is hinged to the top of the pier-side support, and the other end is hinged to an anchor embedded in the pier tower structure. The turnbuckle is located in the middle of the tie rod and is used to adjust the length and tension of the tie rod.

[0066] Specifically, hinged lugs are welded to the main steel pipe columns or top beams at the top of the pier-side support, and these lugs are equipped with pin holes. Anchors are pre-embedded at corresponding elevations on the pier / tower structure; these anchors can be pre-embedded steel plates or sleeves, and they also have hinged lugs. Both ends of the tie rod are equipped with hinged joints, which are hinged to the hinged lugs on the top of the support and the pier / tower structure via pins. The hinged connection allows the tie rod to adapt to certain angle changes during installation and under stress, avoiding additional bending moments.

[0067] The turnbuckle is located in the middle of the tie rod. It consists of two internally threaded sleeves and an intermediate adjusting rod. The two sleeves are fixedly connected to two sections of the tie rod, respectively. The intermediate adjusting rod has external threads at both ends that match the internal threads of the two sleeves, with the two external threads rotating in opposite directions. By rotating the intermediate adjusting rod, the overall length of the turnbuckle can be changed, thereby adjusting the total length and tension of the tie rod.

[0068] The installation steps for the temporary tie rod are as follows: First, connect one end of the tie rod to the hinge plate on the top of the support using a pin. Then, connect the other end of the tie rod to the hinge plate on the pier / tower structure using a pin. Next, rotate the middle adjusting rod of the turnbuckle to gradually tighten the tie rod, bringing the top of the support closer to the pier / tower structure and maintaining a vertical installation. During tightening, a torque wrench should be used to control the tightening torque of the turnbuckle to ensure uniform tension on each tie rod. After the tie rod is installed, check the flexibility of each hinge point and the tightness of the turnbuckle. Once confirmed, release the floating hook.

[0069] In this embodiment of the application, before the second turning step, there is also a transportation state release step: releasing the fastener connection between the temporary transportation support and the barge deck, so that the pier-side support is in a lifting state.

[0070] Specifically, after the barge is transported to the construction site and anchored, before the floating crane lifts it, the fasteners connecting the temporary transport support to the barge deck must be released so that the support next to the pier is in a liftable state.

[0071] The specific steps for canceling the transportation status are as follows: First, check the wind speed and wave conditions at the construction site to confirm that they meet the requirements for hoisting operations (typically, wind speed should not exceed 13.8 m / s and wave height should not exceed 1.5 m). After confirming that the conditions are met, the workers board the barge deck and proceed to the location of the temporary transport supports.

[0072] Next, remove the fasteners between the temporary transport supports and the barge deck one by one. Fastening methods can include high-strength bolt connections or welding. When using bolt connections, use a wrench or electric torque wrench to remove each bolt individually. The removed bolts should be sorted and stored for later use. When using weld connections, use gas cutting or carbon arc gouging to remove the weld seams. During the gouging process, care should be taken to protect the barge deck and temporary supports from damage.

[0073] After all fasteners are removed, check that the temporary supports are completely detached from the barge deck. Once detached, connect the floating crane hook to the lifting point on the support next to the pier using a wire rope. After the wire rope connection is complete, slowly lift the support, gradually transferring its weight from the temporary supports to the crane hook. Once the support is completely detached from the temporary supports, remove the temporary supports from the bottom of the support and move them off the barge deck to make room for the support to be turned over.

[0074] Once the transportation status is cleared, the support frame next to the pier will be ready for lifting, and the second turning-over step can then be carried out.

[0075] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for integral construction of pier-side supports for long-span bridges in complex sea areas, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Segmented assembly steps: Divide the support frame along the pier into several segmented structures along the horizontal direction, and assemble each segmented structure on the jig respectively; First turning step: Use a gantry crane to turn each of the sheet structures from the horizontal position to the vertical installation position, and use a temporary support frame to fix each of the sheet structures; Vertical assembly steps: With each of the sheet structures in a vertical installation state, weld the connecting system between adjacent sheet structures to assemble each sheet structure into a whole pier support. Loading and transporting steps: Install temporary transport supports at the bottom of the pier-side support, and hoist the pier-side support with the temporary transport supports installed onto the barge in a horizontal position. The temporary transport supports are fixedly connected to the barge deck with fasteners and transported to the construction site. The second turning step: using a floating crane to turn the pier-side support from a horizontal position to a vertical installation position; Fine-tuning positioning steps: Install a fine-tuning device between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, and use the fine-tuning device to precisely adjust the spatial position of the pier-side support to the design coordinates; Installation and fixing steps: Fix the finely adjusted pier side support to the design position, including welding the wall attachment and fixing the steel pipe column base to the embedded parts of the foundation.

2. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first turning step, the temporary support frame and the sheet structure are detachably connected, and the bottom of the temporary support frame is equipped with an anti-tipping counterweight device.

3. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anti-tipping counterweight device includes: The base frame is placed flat on the construction ground; Several counterweights are detachably mounted on the base frame; And connectors, for fixing the counterweight to the base frame; The columns of the temporary support frame are welded or bolted to the base frame.

4. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the installation and fixing steps, multiple layers of wall-mounted components are installed between the pier-side support and the pier tower structure, with each layer of wall-mounted components spaced apart along the height direction of the pier tower structure.

5. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the installation and fixing steps, a column base adjustment base is set between the steel pipe column base of the pier support and the embedded part of the foundation. The height of the column base adjustment base is adjustable and used to adjust the elevation and verticality of the column base.

6. The method for integral construction of a pier-side support for a long-span bridge in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second turning step, an anti-sway device is installed on the pier-side support. The anti-sway device includes a guy rope connecting the upper part of the pier-side support to the floating crane hull, and a guide traction rope connecting the lower part of the pier-side support to the embedded part of the pier cap. During the turning process, the swing amplitude of the pier-side support in the horizontal direction is controlled by the guy rope and the guide traction rope.

7. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the guide traction rope is connected to the bottom steel pipe column foot of the pier-side support, and the other end is connected to the traction anchor point on the pier cap embedded part. During the turning process, the guide traction rope is gradually tightened so that the bottom of the support enters the guide positioning groove on the pier cap embedded part.

8. The method for integral construction of a large-span bridge pier support in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the floating crane flips the pier-side support to a vertical installation position, a temporary tying device is set between the top of the support and the pier tower structure. The temporary tying device keeps the support in a vertical and stable state before the floating crane is released.

9. The method for integral construction of a pier-side support for a long-span bridge in complex sea areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temporary tie-up device includes a tie rod and a turnbuckle. One end of the tie rod is hinged to the top of the pier-side support, and the other end is hinged to an anchor embedded in the pier tower structure. The turnbuckle is located in the middle of the tie rod and is used to adjust the length and tension of the tie rod.

10. The method for integral construction of a pier-side support for a long-span bridge in complex sea areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the second turning step, there is also a transportation status release step: releasing the fastener connection between the temporary transport support and the barge deck, so that the pier-side support is in a liftable state.

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