High-precision construction structure and method of prefabricated track beam of underwater slide

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high-precision construction structures of prefabricated track beam of underwater slide, including underwater bored pile, the top of the bored pile is equipped with pile cap, the top of the pile cap is equipped with prefabricated track beam, the pile cap is the cast-in-place concrete structure that outer side is wrapped with pile cap steel formwork, the pile cap steel formwork is fixedly connected with the top of the bored pile.This application also discloses a kind of high-precision construction method of prefabricated track beam of underwater slide.The installation precision of track beam is improved, and can be widely applied in shipbuilding water transport engineering construction technical field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and waterway engineering construction technology, and in particular to a high-precision construction structure and method for prefabricated underwater track beams. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement and expansion of my country's waterborne shipping industry and shipbuilding, the scale of ship repair and construction, and waterborne test platforms has steadily increased. Shipyard slipway projects are generally arranged in a land-to-water layout, with some construction processes requiring underwater operation. These include key tasks such as concrete pile pouring, underwater pile cap construction, precast track beam hoisting and placement, and precise rail installation. Compared to dry construction on land, underwater construction is more complex, with poor visibility and water flow disturbances that can easily affect the quality of structural forming and installation accuracy. The track flatness and elevation deviation of the slipway directly determine the safety and stability of ship launches, placing extremely high demands on construction precision. To avoid various interferences during underwater construction, most slipway projects currently prioritize cofferdam dry construction. However, this method is characterized by high cost, long construction period, and susceptibility to water level fluctuations, and is limited under certain conditions and operating circumstances. In addition to the many limitations of cofferdam construction technology, some slipway projects at present use steel pipe pile foundations and precast pile caps with precast grid beams. Although this technology is convenient to construct, the multi-stage component installation mode is prone to cumulative construction errors, which can easily lead to substandard track installation accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a high-precision construction structure and method for prefabricated underwater track beams, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the track beams.

[0004] The present invention provides a high-precision construction structure for a precast track beam for an underwater slide, comprising a cast-in-place pile located underwater, a pile cap on the top of the cast-in-place pile, a precast track beam on the top of the pile cap, the pile cap being a cast-in-place concrete structure with a pile cap steel template wrapped on the outside, and the pile cap steel template being fixedly connected to the top of the cast-in-place pile.

[0005] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the pile cap steel template is provided with a circular hole to accommodate the top of the cast-in-place pile. A vertical ring plate is provided on the inner side of the circular hole along its circumference. The vertical ring plate is located in the inner cavity of the pile cap steel template. A horizontal ring plate is provided on the top of the vertical ring plate. The outer diameter of the horizontal ring plate is connected to the top of the vertical ring plate and forms an integrated structure. The inner diameter of the horizontal ring plate is smaller than the radial dimension of the cast-in-place pile and rests on the top surface of the cast-in-place pile.

[0006] In the above technical solution, a gap is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile, and a layer of filler material is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the bottom of the pile cap steel template is evenly distributed with several steel ribs along the circumference of the circular hole, and the several steel ribs and the vertical ring plate are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the circular hole.

[0008] In the above technical solution, each steel rib plate is a trapezoidal structure that extends radially and is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the top surface of the cast-in-place pile is provided with a precast track beam steel bracket that supports the precast track beam at the top. The precast track beam steel bracket is located at the center of the pile cap and is separated from the steel cage inside the pile cap by a certain distance.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the top of the precast track beam steel support is provided with an adjustment device for pushing the precast track beam.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the prefabricated track beam steel support includes four vertically arranged and centrally symmetrical steel square tubes. Adjacent steel square tubes are connected by multiple rows of support angle steels. Diagonal bracing angle steels are provided between the upper and lower rows of support angle steels. Each steel square tube has an adjustment device at its top end.

[0012] In the above technical solution, each steel square tube has a steel plate at the bottom with a size larger than that of the steel square tube, and the outer wall of the pile cap steel template is provided with a reinforcing angle steel in an integral ring shape along the circumference.

[0013] This invention also proposes a high-precision construction method for precast underwater track beams, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Erecting a construction platform on the water, using a vibratory hammer to lower a long steel casing through the bedrock of the riverbed, and completing the cast-in-place pile using underwater concrete pile construction technology. During pouring, an extra layer of laitance is poured. Underwater wet cutting equipment is used to remove excess pile heads underwater, and loose concrete and scum on the pile top are cleaned. The pile top is then ground and leveled underwater to ensure a dense, flat pile top with compliant elevation; Step 2: Using thick steel plates to create a pile cap steel template, with the upper dimensions matching the pile cap dimensions. The lower dimensions are based on the dimensions of the cast-in-place pile, with the addition of the outer diameter of the horizontal ring plate and the vertical ring plate to facilitate the fitting of the pile cap steel template onto the cast-in-place pile. The outer wall of the pile cap steel template is welded with reinforcing angle steel to increase overall rigidity, and the bottom cantilever section is supported by steel ribs. Step 3: Adjust the pile cap steel template assembly to the top of the concrete cast-in-place pile, slowly lower it for installation, centering it in place, leaving a gap between the pile cap steel template and the cast-in-place pile, which is then sealed with a layer of sealant. Step 4: The underwater precast track beam steel support is made of four steel square tubes, which are connected by... The bracket angle steel is connected to form a whole, and a steel plate is welded to the bottom of each steel square tube. An adjustable height device is installed on the top of the steel square tube; Step 5: When processing the steel cage of the pile cap, the precast track beam steel bracket is placed in the steel cage, and the two are transported to the pile cap steel formwork simultaneously without collision; Step 6: Measure the top elevation of the precast track beam steel bracket, and make preliminary adjustments to the top surface elevation. If the difference is large, it can be adjusted by adding a steel plate to the bottom of the precast track beam steel bracket; Step 7: Use a ship crane to install the precast track beam onto the pile cap, supported by the precast track beam steel bracket. Step 8: Under load, measure the top elevation of the precast track beam again and finely adjust it to the design elevation using the adjustment device at the top of the precast track beam steel support. Step 9: Using underwater concrete pouring technology, fill the pile cap steel formwork with non-dispersing concrete to effectively connect the pile cap with the lower cast-in-place pile, while ensuring the top surface is tightly fitted with the precast track beam, achieving high-precision installation of the precast track beam. Step 10: Connect the pre-reserved holes made in the precast track beam with the steel bars embedded during the concrete pouring of the pile cap using underwater grouting, connecting the pile cap and the precast track beam to form a whole.

[0014] The present invention relates to a high-precision construction structure and method for prefabricated underwater track beams, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention abandons traditional cofferdam construction methods, significantly reducing complex cofferdam procedures, substantially lowering overall project costs, shortening the construction period, and is unaffected by water level fluctuations, flood season, or wind and wave conditions, making it applicable to a wider range of working conditions. Single-step error control for each step of the installation process—including cast-in-place piles, pile caps, and precast track beams—can easily lead to cumulative errors. By using underwater cast-in-place pile caps and adjustable precast track beam steel supports, high-precision installation of the precast track beams is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a vertical sectional view of the high-precision construction structure of the prefabricated track beam for underwater slides according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a transverse sectional view of the high-precision construction structure of the prefabricated track beam for underwater slides according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a top view of the precast track beam steel support structure in the high-precision construction structure of the precast track beam for underwater slides according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a vertical sectional view of the steel support for the precast track beam in the high-precision construction structure of the precast track beam for underwater slides according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the high-precision construction method for prefabricated track beams in underwater slides according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0017] The pile cap steel formwork 4 in this invention is welded to steel plates at the bottom and around its perimeter. A circular hole slightly larger than the diameter of the concrete pile 1 is pre-drilled at the bottom of the pile cap steel formwork 4. Multiple reinforcing angle steels 11 are added around the perimeter of the pile cap steel formwork 4 and welded together to increase the overall rigidity of the pile cap steel formwork 4. Multiple steel ribs 7 are provided at the bottom of the pile cap steel formwork 4 as lower diagonal bracing for the cantilevered portion of the pile cap steel formwork 4. A ring-shaped support is provided inside the pile cap steel formwork 4 for temporary support with the concrete pile 1. The precast track beam steel support 8 is formed by welding steel square tubes 81, support angle steels 82, and diagonal bracing angle steels 83. A steel plate 84 is provided at the bottom of the steel square tubes 81 to increase the contact area with the bottom concrete pile 1. An adjustment device 10 is provided at the top of the steel square tubes 81 to adjust the elevation, ensuring that the elevation of the top precast track beam 3 meets the design and specification requirements. After the pile cap steel formwork 4 and the precast track beam steel support 8 are installed, the cast-in-place pile 1, pile cap 2 and precast track beam 3 are connected by underwater cast-in-place concrete process, which avoids the cumulative error caused by the underwater installation of multi-level precast components, thereby improving the installation accuracy of the precast track beam 3.

[0018] Example 1 See Figures 1 to 2 This embodiment discloses a high-precision construction structure for a precast track beam for an underwater slide, including a cast-in-place pile 1 located underwater. The top of the cast-in-place pile 1 is provided with a pile cap 2, and the top of the pile cap 2 is provided with a precast track beam 3. The pile cap 2 is a cast-in-place concrete structure with a pile cap steel template 4 wrapped on the outside. The pile cap steel template 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the cast-in-place pile 1.

[0019] The bottom of the pile cap steel template 4 is provided with a circular hole for the top of the cast-in-place pile 1 to pass through. A vertical ring plate 5 is arranged along its circumference inside the circular hole. The vertical ring plate 5 is located in the inner cavity of the pile cap steel template 4. A horizontal ring plate 6 is provided at the top of the vertical ring plate 5. The outer diameter of the horizontal ring plate 6 is connected to the top of the vertical ring plate 5 and forms an integrated structure. The inner diameter of the horizontal ring plate 6 is smaller than the radial dimension of the cast-in-place pile 1 and rests on the top surface of the cast-in-place pile 1.

[0020] A gap is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate 5 and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile 1, and a layer of filler material is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate 5 and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile 1.

[0021] The bottom of the pile cap steel template 4 is evenly distributed with several steel ribs 7 along the circumference of the circular hole, and the steel ribs 7 and the vertical ring plate 5 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the circular hole.

[0022] Each steel rib 7 is a trapezoidal structure that extends radially and is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0023] Example 2 This embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, except that: See Figure 1 The top surface of the cast-in-place pile 1 is provided with a precast track beam steel bracket 8 that supports the precast track beam 3 at the top. The precast track beam steel bracket 8 is located at the center of the pile cap 2 and is separated from the steel cage 9 inside the pile cap 2 by a certain distance.

[0024] See Figures 3 to 4 The top of the precast track beam steel support 8 is provided with an adjustment device 10 for pushing the precast track beam 3.

[0025] The precast track beam steel support 8 includes four vertically arranged and centrally symmetrical steel square tubes 81. Two adjacent steel square tubes 81 are connected by multiple rows of support angle steels 82. Diagonal bracing angle steels 83 are provided between the upper and lower rows of support angle steels 82. Each steel square tube 81 is provided with an adjustment device 10 at its top end.

[0026] Each steel square tube 81 has a steel plate 84 at its bottom that is larger than the size of the steel square tube 81, and the outer wall of the pile cap steel template 4 is provided with a reinforcing angle steel 11 in an integral ring shape along the circumference.

[0027] The innovative point of this invention is: 1. The present invention sets up a pile cap steel formwork 4 underwater to realize underwater cast-in-place concrete, effectively connecting the cast-in-place pile 1, pile cap 2, and precast track beam 3; 2. A precast track beam steel support 8 is installed, with an adjustable top elevation, which can precisely control the top elevation of the precast track beam 3 and achieve high-precision installation.

[0028] Example 3 This embodiment describes a high-precision construction method for precast underwater track beams, with the following process flow: underwater concrete pile construction and pile top leveling → steel structure pile cap fabrication → steel structure pile cap installation → steel structure support fabrication → underwater installation of reinforcing cage and steel structure support → elevation measurement and preliminary leveling → precast track beam installation → steel structure support adjustment and leveling → underwater concrete pouring → underwater grouting.

[0029] The specific implementation steps and process flow of the high-precision construction method for prefabricated track beams in underwater slideways in this embodiment are as follows: Figure 5 As shown: Step 1: First, construct a construction platform on the water. Use a vibratory hammer to lower a long steel casing through the bedrock at the bottom of the river. Then, use underwater concrete cast-in-place pile construction technology to complete pile 1, adding an extra layer of slurry during pouring. Use underwater wet cutting equipment to remove excess pile head underwater, clean the loose concrete and slag from the pile top, and grind and level the pile top underwater to ensure it is dense, flat, and at the correct elevation.

[0030] Step Two, according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a 12mm thick steel plate is used to make the pile cap steel template 4. The upper part is the same size as the pile cap 2, and the lower part has a 20mm gap between the size of the circular hole and the size of the cast-in-place pile 1, so that the pile cap steel template 4 can be fitted onto the cast-in-place pile 1. The outer wall of the pile cap steel template 4 is welded with reinforcing angle steel 11 to increase the overall rigidity, and the bottom cantilever part is supported by a 20mm thick steel rib plate 7.

[0031] Step 3: Adjust the steel pile cap formwork 4 to the top of the concrete pile 1, and slowly lower it for installation, centering it in the middle. Leave a 20mm gap between the pile cap steel formwork 4 and the pile 1, and seal it with grout to prevent grout leakage during later concrete pouring.

[0032] Step 4, as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the precast track beam steel support 8 of the underwater pier uses 4 100 100 It is made of 4mm steel square tubes 81, and the steel square tubes 81 are connected by bracket angle steel 82 to form a whole, increasing the overall rigidity. The bottom of each steel square tube 81 is welded with 200mm... 200 The 10mm steel plate 84 increases the contact area for stress, and the top of the steel square tube 81 is equipped with an adjustable height adjustment device 10 for adjusting the elevation.

[0033] Step 5: When processing the steel cage 9 of the pile cap 2, place the precast track beam steel support 8 inside the steel cage 9, ensuring that the two do not collide, and simultaneously transport them to the pile cap steel formwork 4.

[0034] Step 6: Measure the top elevation of the precast track beam steel support 8 and make preliminary adjustments to the top elevation. If the difference is large, it can be adjusted by adding a steel plate 84 to the bottom of the precast track beam steel support 8.

[0035] Step 7: Use a ship crane to install the precast track beam 3 onto the pile cap 2. At this time, the precast track beam steel support 8 mainly bears the force. Measure the top elevation of the precast track beam 3 again and finely adjust it to the design elevation using the adjustment device 10 at the top of the precast track beam steel support 8.

[0036] Step 8: Using underwater concrete pouring technology, non-dispersible concrete is filled into the pile cap steel formwork 4, so that the pile cap 2 is effectively connected to the lower cast-in-place pile 1, and the top surface is tightly attached to the precast track beam 3, which plays the role of high-precision installation of the precast track beam 3.

[0037] Step 9: Connect the pile cap 2 and the precast track beam 3 to form a whole by underwater grouting, using the reserved holes set during the fabrication of the precast track beam 3 and the steel bars embedded during the concrete pouring of the pile cap 2.

[0038] The advantages of this invention are: 1. This invention is suitable for underwater construction without the need for cofferdams; 2. This invention can improve the installation accuracy of the underwater prefabricated track beam 3; 3. The device of the present invention is simple and easy to operate, and can reduce the cumulative error caused by the installation of multi-level prefabricated components.

[0039] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0040] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-precision construction structure for a precast track beam for an underwater slide, comprising a cast-in-place pile (1) located underwater, wherein a pile cap (2) is provided on the top of the cast-in-place pile (1), and a precast track beam (3) is provided on the top of the pile cap (2), characterized in that: The pile cap (2) is a cast-in-place concrete structure with a pile cap steel template (4) wrapped around its outer side. The pile cap steel template (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the cast-in-place pile (1).

2. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pile cap steel template (4) is provided with a circular hole for the top of the cast-in-place pile (1) to pass through. A vertical ring plate (5) is arranged along its circumference inside the circular hole. The vertical ring plate (5) is located in the inner cavity of the pile cap steel template (4). A horizontal ring plate (6) is provided at the top of the vertical ring plate (5). The outer diameter of the horizontal ring plate (6) is connected to the top of the vertical ring plate (5) and forms an integrated structure. The inner diameter of the horizontal ring plate (6) is smaller than the radial dimension of the cast-in-place pile (1) and rests on the top surface of the cast-in-place pile (1).

3. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 2, characterized in that: A gap is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate (5) and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile (1), and a layer of filler material is provided between the inner wall of the vertical ring plate (5) and the outer wall of the cast-in-place pile (1).

4. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the pile cap steel template (4) is evenly distributed with several steel ribs (7) along the circumference of the circular hole. The steel ribs (7) and the vertical ring plate (5) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the circular hole.

5. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each steel rib (7) is a trapezoidal structure that extends radially and is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

6. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the cast-in-place pile (1) is provided with a precast track beam steel bracket (8) that supports the precast track beam (3) at the top. The precast track beam steel bracket (8) is located at the center of the pile cap (2). The precast track beam steel bracket (8) is separated from the steel cage (9) inside the pile cap (2) by a certain distance.

7. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the precast track beam steel support (8) is provided with an adjustment device (10) for pushing the precast track beam (3).

8. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 7, characterized in that: The precast track beam steel support (8) includes four vertically arranged and centrally symmetrical steel square tubes (81). Two adjacent steel square tubes (81) are connected by multiple rows of support angle steel (82). Diagonal bracing angle steel (83) is provided between the upper and lower rows of support angle steel (82). Each steel square tube (81) has an adjustment device (10) at its top end.

9. The high-precision construction structure for prefabricated underwater track beams according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each steel square tube (81) has a steel plate (84) at the bottom with a size larger than that of the steel square tube (81), and the outer wall of the pile cap steel template (4) is provided with a reinforcing angle steel (11) in an integral ring shape along the circumference.

10. A high-precision construction method for prefabricated underwater track beams, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Erect a construction platform on the water, use a vibratory hammer to sink a long steel casing to penetrate the bedrock at the bottom of the river, and use underwater concrete cast-in-place pile construction technology to complete the cast-in-place pile (1). During the pouring, over-pour a layer of floating slurry, use underwater wet cutting equipment to cut off the excess pile head underwater, clean the floating slag and loose concrete on the top of the pile, and grind and level the top of the pile underwater to ensure that the top of the pile is dense, flat and the elevation is compliant. Step 2: Use thick steel plates to make a pile cap steel template (4). The upper part is the same as the pile cap (2). The lower part is based on the size of the cast-in-place pile (1) with the addition of the outer diameter of the horizontal ring plate (6) and the vertical ring plate (5) to facilitate the pile cap steel template (4) to fit on the cast-in-place pile (1). The outer wall of the pile cap steel template (4) is welded with reinforcing angle steel (11) to increase the overall rigidity. The bottom cantilever part is supported by steel rib plate (7). Step 3: Adjust the pile cap steel formwork (4) device to the top of the concrete cast-in-place pile (1), slowly lower and install it, center it, leave a gap between the pile cap steel formwork (4) and the cast-in-place pile (1), and seal it with a layer of filler material. Step 4: The underwater precast track beam steel support (8) is made of 4 steel square tubes (81). The steel square tubes (81) are connected to each other by support angle steel (82) to form a whole. Each steel square tube (81) has a steel plate (84) welded to the bottom and an adjustable height adjustment device (10) set on the top of the steel square tube (81). Step 5: When processing the steel cage (9) of the pile cap (2), place the precast track beam steel support (8) inside the steel cage (9) so that the two do not collide with each other and are simultaneously transported to the pile cap steel template (4). Step 6: Measure the top elevation of the precast track beam steel support (8), and make preliminary adjustments to the top elevation. If the difference is large, it can be adjusted by adding a steel plate (84) to the bottom of the precast track beam steel support (8). Step 7: Use a ship crane to install the precast track beam (3) onto the pile cap (2) and let the precast track beam steel support (8) bear the force. Measure the top elevation of the precast track beam (3) again and finely adjust it to the design elevation using the adjustment device (10) at the top of the precast track beam steel support (8). Step 8: Using underwater concrete pouring technology, non-dispersible concrete is filled into the pile cap steel formwork (4) so ​​that the pile cap (2) is effectively connected to the lower cast-in-place pile (1), and the top surface is tightly attached to the precast track beam (3) to achieve high-precision installation of the precast track beam (3). Step 9: Connect the pre-reserved hole of the precast track beam (3) with the steel bar embedded in the concrete of the pile cap (2) by underwater grouting, and connect the pile cap and the precast track beam to form a whole.

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