Building engineering blind ditch drainage structure and method based on fine sand density adjustment

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of blind ditch drainage structure, in particular to a blind ditch drainage structure and method based on fine sand density adjustment. The blind ditch drainage structure comprises a filler groove and a fine sand density adjustment mechanism, the filler groove is filled with fine sand and constitutes a blind ditch body, multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are sequentially arranged in the fine sand from bottom to top, the fine sand density adjustment mechanism comprises a horizontally arranged drainage plate, a plurality of adjustment mechanism bodies are arrayed on the drainage plate, a plurality of drainage holes are densely arranged on the drainage plate body except the adjustment mechanism bodies, the drainage plates are uniformly distributed along the trend of the filler groove, and the fine sand is compacted and concrete slurry is prevented from penetrating into the filler groove. The slurry is prevented from entering the blind ditch during the bottom plate construction through fine sand compaction, the limiting ring is opened after water expansion, each layer of fine sand is loosened, and the blind ditch drainage efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blind ditch drainage construction technology, specifically to a blind ditch drainage structure and method for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment. Background Technology

[0002] In coastal areas, the waterproofing level of underground garages in construction projects is typically Class I waterproofing with two layers of protection. The first layer is self-waterproofing of the structure (concrete impermeability grade P6-P8 for garage floor, side walls, and roof slab), and the second layer is waterproofing membrane. Due to the abundance of water systems and high groundwater levels in coastal areas, the construction process of the garage foundation floor involves complex procedures, making it impossible to completely avoid the sealing and continuity of concrete and the bonding and protection of the waterproof membrane. According to incomplete statistics, during the rainy season construction phase and after delivery, the proportion of groundwater seepage in underground garages reaches 85% of the total number of leakage points. Considering the abundance of underground rock fissures and water systems in near-shore coastal areas, the design water level is 0.9 meters higher than the foundation slab during the peak rainy season. Therefore, the design of the blind ditch drainage structure connected to the sump pit of the underground garage is particularly important.

[0003] However, during the pouring of the underground parking garage floor slab, concrete slurry can easily flow into the blind drain, causing blockage and affecting its drainage function. Existing technologies address this problem by filling the drain with fine sand and compacting it thoroughly to prevent concrete slurry leakage. However, the high density of the compacted sand also negatively impacts drainage efficiency. Current construction methods lack a way to evenly adjust the density of the fine sand within the drain, resulting in a dual contradiction between preventing slurry leakage and ensuring efficient drainage during blind drain construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a drainage structure and method for blind drains in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment. The purpose is to solve the problem described in the background section that "existing construction methods lack a way to evenly adjust the fine sand density in the blind drain trench, resulting in a dual contradiction between preventing slurry leakage and ensuring drainage efficiency during blind drain construction".

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A construction engineering blind ditch drainage structure based on fine sand density adjustment includes a filling tank and a fine sand density adjustment mechanism. The filling tank is filled with fine sand and forms the blind ditch body. Multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are arranged sequentially from bottom to top in the fine sand. The fine sand density adjustment mechanism includes a horizontally arranged drainage plate. Several adjustment mechanism bodies are arranged in an array on the drainage plate. In addition to the adjustment mechanism bodies, the drainage plate body is densely covered with several drainage holes. The drainage plates are evenly distributed along the direction of the filling tank. The fine sand is compacted to prevent concrete slurry from seeping into the filling tank.

[0007] Preferably, the drainage plate includes a drainage plate body located in the filling groove and extensions extending to both sides. The adjustment mechanism body is disposed on the drainage plate body. The bottom of the extensions has a plurality of downwardly protruding cylindrical protrusions arranged in an array. A plurality of drainage holes A are evenly distributed on the extensions between adjacent cylindrical protrusions.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism body includes a through hole opened on the drainage plate body, and a plurality of drainage holes B are evenly distributed on the drainage plate body between adjacent through holes. The inner diameter of the drainage hole B is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above. A sand-receiving sleeve is connected to the drainage plate body where the lower end of the through hole is located. The inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body. A rubber plug rod is elastically squeezed and fitted inside the through hole. The rubber plug rod extends axially into the sand-receiving sleeve along the through hole. A circular support plate is provided at the bottom end of the rubber plug rod. A limiting ring is fitted between the support plate and the lower end of the through hole and outside the rubber plug rod. The upper end of the limiting ring contacts the bottom end of the drainage plate body, and the lower end contacts the upper end of the support plate. The limiting ring is made of a water-swellable material. The outer surface of the limiting ring is detached from the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the support plate is coaxially provided with an annular baffle, the annular baffle, the support plate, and the rubber plug rod are coaxially arranged, the inner diameter of the annular baffle is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the limiting ring is fitted with the outside of the annular baffle with a gap.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the drainage plate body where the lower port of the through hole is located is coaxially provided with an interface, the interface is provided with an external thread, the top of the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve is threadedly connected to the interface, the rubber plug rod includes a rod body, and a number of elastic protrusions are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the rod body. The rubber plug rod is squeezed and fitted with the inner wall of the through hole through the elastic protrusions, and the adjacent elastic protrusions form a water inlet gap. The size of the water inlet gap is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body. After the limiting ring is immersed in water, it expands and pulls the rubber plug rod out of the through hole. At this time, the limiting ring, the rubber plug rod, and the support plate fall to the bottom of the sand-receiving sleeve, the through hole is open, and part of the fine sand above the drainage plate body enters the sand-receiving sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the fine sand density adjustment mechanism is provided in three layers from bottom to top. The three-layer fine sand density adjustment mechanism divides the fine sand in the filling tank into four parts, and the particle size of the fine sand in each part increases from top to bottom. The density of the fine sand material in the top layer is 1.4-1.65 g / cm³. The inner diameter of the through hole on each fine sand density adjustment mechanism matches the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage board body.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the sand-receiving sleeve is evenly distributed with a number of first drainage outlets, the bottom end of the sand-receiving sleeve is provided with a circular second drainage outlet, and the bottom end of the support plate is provided with a number of conical protrusions.

[0013] A drainage method for a blind drain structure in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment includes:

[0014] A backfill layer is laid at the bottom of the underground garage foundation, a cushion layer is laid on top of the backfill layer, and a concrete slab is poured on top of the cushion layer. A filling trench is excavated in the cushion layer, with the bottom part of the filling trench extending into the backfill layer. One end of the filling trench is connected to the underground garage's sump or other groundwater drainage pipeline. The filling trench is filled with fine sand to form a blind drain. Multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are pre-embedded inside the fine sand, ensuring that the drainage board body is located inside the filling trench, and that the extension plate is pre-embedded in the backfill layer or cushion layer on both sides. The drainage board body divides the fine sand in the filling trough into several parts. The particle size of the fine sand in each part increases sequentially from top to bottom. The fine sand is fully compacted, and the compaction of the top layer of fine sand prevents concrete slurry from seeping into the filling trough. After the concrete base slab is poured and formed, during drainage, the limiting rings on each layer of the drainage board body expand when exposed to water, pulling the rubber plug rod out of the through hole. The fine sand above the drainage board body enters the interior of each evenly distributed sand-receiving sleeve, thereby achieving density adjustment of each layer of fine sand and ensuring smooth drainage of the blind drain.

[0015] Preferably, in the method described, the water flows through each layer of fine sand, drainage hole A, and drainage hole B, enters the bottom of the filling tank, and is discharged through the blind ditch. Since the particle size of each layer of fine sand increases from top to bottom, the gaps in the blind ditch become larger towards the bottom, thus guiding the water flow downward. At the same time, several cylindrical protrusions at the bottom of the extension plate increase the gap between it and the cushion layer or backfill layer, guiding the water flow into the interior of the blind ditch.

[0016] Preferably, in the method, after the rubber plug is pulled out from the through hole, the fine sand above the drainage plate body enters the sand-receiving sleeve, and the water flows through the through hole into the sand-receiving sleeve and continues to flow down through the first drain port and the second drain port.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention, a drainage structure and method for blind drains in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment, are as follows:

[0018] 1. This invention can effectively avoid the problem of mortar entering the filling groove during the construction of the basement floor slab, which would reduce or cause the drainage efficiency of the blind ditch to decrease. At the same time, it can uniformly adjust the density of each layer of fine sand. On the basis of ensuring that the construction of the floor slab can proceed normally and that no mortar enters the blind ditch, the density of each layer of fine sand can be adjusted by opening the through holes during the later drainage process, which can effectively improve the drainage efficiency of the blind ditch. In addition, the extension plates on both sides of the drainage board body can guide the water flow into the interior of the blind ditch, further improving the drainage efficiency.

[0019] 2. This invention achieves a balanced adjustment of fine sand density, avoiding the problem that uneven fine sand density distribution can not fully improve the drainage effect of blind drains. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments are briefly described below, which constitute a part of the specification and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram illustrating the working principle of this invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the fine sand density adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A bottom view of the fine sand density adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A top view of the fine sand density adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A magnified top view of the through hole in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the through hole in this invention.

[0027] In the figure, 1 is the filling trough, 2 is the concrete base plate, 3 is the cushion layer, 4 is the backfill soil layer, 5 is the fine sand density adjustment mechanism, 51 is the extension, 52 is the drainage board body, 53 is the sand leakage receiving sleeve, 531 is the first drainage outlet, 532 is the second drainage outlet, 54 is the cylindrical protrusion, 541 is the top of the cylindrical protrusion, 55 is the drainage hole, 56 is the through hole, 57 is the rod body, 58 is the elastic protrusion, 59 is the water inlet gap, 510 is the support plate, 511 is the limiting ring, 512 is the interface, 513 is the conical protrusion, and 514 is the annular baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The following embodiments can be understood as explaining a local structure and principle of the present invention individually, or as explaining a larger scope of the structure and principle of the present invention through a combination of multiple embodiments.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] This invention discloses a blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, the device includes a filling trough 1 and a fine sand density adjustment mechanism. The filling trough 1 is filled with fine sand and forms the body of the blind drain. Multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms 5 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top in the fine sand. The fine sand density adjustment mechanism 5 includes a horizontally arranged drainage plate. Several adjustment mechanism bodies are arranged in an array on the drainage plate. In addition to the adjustment mechanism bodies, several drainage holes 55 are densely distributed on the drainage plate. The drainage plates 52 are evenly distributed along the direction of the filling trough 1. The fine sand is compacted to prevent concrete slurry from seeping into the filling trough 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, by setting up multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms, after the concrete basement slab is formed, during the drainage process, several through holes on the drainage board body are gradually opened, allowing some fine sand to enter the leakage sand receiving sleeve below, thereby achieving uniform adjustment of the fine sand density of each layer. After the fine sand density decreases, the drainage efficiency is significantly improved. At the same time, during the early construction, the fine sand is compacted, which also effectively prevents the slurry from entering the interior of the fine sand and causing the blind drain to fail or become obstructed.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the drainage plate includes a drainage plate body 52 located in the filling groove 1 and an extension portion 51 extending to both sides (the drainage plate body and the extension portion are integrally formed). The adjustment mechanism body is located on the drainage plate body 52. ​​The bottom of the extension portion 51 has a plurality of downwardly protruding cylindrical protrusions 54 arranged in an array. A plurality of drainage holes A are evenly distributed on the extension portion between adjacent cylindrical protrusions 54.

[0035] In this embodiment, the extension portion actually constitutes a drainage board extending into the side bedding layers or backfill layers. Because the cylindrical protrusion increases the voids within the bedding layers or backfill layers, it effectively guides water flow into the blind drain. It can be considered as being laid at a set angle, inclined upwards and outwards. The top of the cylindrical protrusion can be flat or protrude upwards from the extension plate. Regardless of the arrangement, the related structures of the extension plate and the drainage board body can be injection molded. The drainage board involved in this invention can be made of engineering plastic material, fully adaptable to the fine sand compaction process.

[0036] Example 3:

[0037] like Figure 1-6As shown, the adjusting mechanism includes a through hole 56 on the drainage plate body 52. ​​Several drainage holes B are evenly distributed on the drainage plate body 52 between adjacent through holes 56. The inner diameter of each drainage hole B is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above, preventing fine sand from passing through during drainage. A sand-receiving sleeve 53 is connected to the lower end of the through hole 56 on the drainage plate body 52. ​​The inner diameter of the through hole 56 is larger than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body 52. ​​When opened, it allows some fine sand to enter the sand-receiving sleeve 53. Since the sand-receiving sleeves are evenly distributed on the drainage plate body, the density of the fine sand above the drainage plate body can be relatively uniformly adjusted, avoiding situations where the density is high in some areas and low in others. A rubber stopper is elastically fitted inside the through hole 56.

[0038] A rubber plug rod extends axially into the sand-receiving sleeve 53 along the through hole 56. A circular support plate 510 is provided at the bottom end of the rubber plug rod. A limiting ring 511 is fitted between the support plate 510 and the lower end of the through hole 56 and outside the rubber plug rod. The upper end of the limiting ring 511 contacts the bottom end of the drainage plate body 52 and the lower end contacts the upper end of the support plate 510. The limiting ring is made of water-swellable material (the material of water-swellable sealing strip). The outer surface of the limiting ring 511 is detached from the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve 53.

[0039] Furthermore, an annular baffle 514 is coaxially provided at the upper end of the support plate 510. The annular baffle 514, the support plate 510, and the rubber stopper rod are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the annular baffle is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the limiting ring is fitted with a clearance outside the annular baffle. When the limiting ring expands when exposed to water, the annular baffle blocks the inward expansion of the limiting ring, and the top of the limiting ring pushes against the bottom of the drainage plate body, ensuring that the rubber stopper rod is dislodged from the through hole.

[0040] Example 4:

[0041] like Figure 1-6 As shown, more specifically, the bottom of the drainage plate body 52, where the lower port of the through hole 56 is located, is coaxially provided with an interface 512. The interface 512 has an external thread. The top of the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve 53 is threadedly connected to the interface 512. The rubber plug rod includes a rod body 57. Several elastic protrusions 58 are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the rod body 57. The rubber plug rod is squeezed and engaged with the inner wall of the through hole 26 through the elastic protrusions 58. The adjacent elastic protrusions 58 form a water inlet gap 59. The size of the water inlet gap 59 is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body 52. ​​After the limiting ring 511 is immersed in water, it expands and pulls the rubber plug rod out of the through hole 56. At this time, the limiting ring 511, the rubber plug rod, and the support plate 510 fall to the bottom of the sand-receiving sleeve 53, the through hole 56 is open, and part of the fine sand above the drainage plate body 52 enters the sand-receiving sleeve 53.

[0042] In this embodiment, the size and number of sand-receiving sleeves can be reasonably set according to the set density adjustment target. The shape of the elastic protrusion can be designed as needed. Initially, the expansion of the locating ring pushes the bottom of the drainage plate body downwards. As the rubber plug rod loosens in the through hole, under the action of the locating ring thrust, the weight of the rubber plug rod itself, the weight of the support plate itself, the weight of the locating ring, and the impact force of the water flow, it will be easier to pull out from the through hole. After it falls into the sand-receiving sleeve, there is still a reserved space in the sand-receiving sleeve, which allows some fine sand to enter with the water flow or by gravity, thereby loosening the fine sand and improving the drainage efficiency.

[0043] Example 5:

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the fine sand density adjustment mechanism has three layers from bottom to top. The three-layer fine sand density adjustment mechanism divides the fine sand in the filling tank 1 into four parts. The particle size of the fine sand in each part increases from top to bottom. The density of the fine sand material in the top layer is 1.4-1.65 g / cm³. The inner diameter of the through hole on each fine sand density adjustment mechanism matches the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body. That is, the density of the fine sand above it can be adjusted after the through hole is opened.

[0045] The fine sand particle size of the present invention can be set as needed, but it must be ensured that the top layer of fine sand, after compaction, can prevent concrete slurry from entering the blind drain.

[0046] Example 6:

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the outer wall of the sand-receiving sleeve 53 is evenly distributed with a number of first drainage ports 531, the bottom end of the sand-receiving sleeve 53 is provided with a circular second drainage port 532, and the bottom end of the support plate 510 is provided with a number of conical protrusions 513.

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting a first drain outlet, a second drain outlet, and a conical protrusion, normal drainage can be achieved at the through hole whether it is opened or not. Before opening, water flows through the inlet gap 59, the first drain outlet, and / or the second drain outlet. After opening, water flows through the through hole, the first drain outlet, and / or the second drain outlet. After opening, the bottom end of the support plate contacts the bottom of the sand-receiving sleeve through the conical protrusion, reserving drainage space.

[0049] Example 7:

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment discloses a drainage method for a blind drain drainage structure in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes:

[0051] A backfill layer 4 is set at the bottom of the foundation of the underground garage. A cushion layer 3 is set on top of the backfill layer 4. A concrete base slab 2 is poured on top of the cushion layer 3. A filling trench 1 is excavated in the cushion layer 3 so that the bottom part of the filling trench 1 enters the backfill layer 4. One end of the filling trench 1 is connected to the sump of the underground garage or other groundwater drainage pipes. The filling trench 1 is filled with fine sand to form a blind ditch.

[0052] Multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are pre-embedded inside the fine sand, so that the drainage board body 52 is located inside the filling trough 1, and the extension plate 51 is pre-embedded in the backfill soil layer 4 or cushion layer 3 on both sides. The drainage board body 52 divides the fine sand in the filling trough into several parts, and the particle size of each part of fine sand increases sequentially from top to bottom. The fine sand is fully compacted, and the compaction of the uppermost layer of fine sand prevents concrete slurry from seeping into the filling trough 1. After the concrete base slab 2 is poured and formed, when draining, the limiting rings 511 on each layer of drainage board body 52 expand when exposed to water, pulling the rubber plug rod out of the through hole 56. The fine sand above the drainage board body 52 enters into the interior of each evenly distributed sand-receiving sleeve 53, thereby realizing the density adjustment of each layer of fine sand and ensuring smooth drainage of the blind ditch.

[0053] Example 8:

[0054] like Figure 1-6 As shown, in the method described, the water flows through each layer of fine sand, drainage hole A, and drainage hole B, enters the bottom of the filling tank 1, and is discharged through the blind ditch. Since the particle size of each layer of fine sand increases from top to bottom, the gaps in the blind ditch become larger towards the bottom, thus guiding the water flow downward. At the same time, several cylindrical protrusions at the bottom of the extension plate increase the gap between it and the cushion layer or backfill layer, guiding the water flow into the interior of the blind ditch.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, in the method described, after the rubber plug is pulled out of the through hole, the fine sand above the drainage plate body 52 enters the sand-receiving sleeve 53, and the water flows through the through hole 56 into the sand-receiving sleeve 53 and continues to flow down through the first drain port 531 and the second drain port 532.

[0056] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment, characterized in that, It includes a filling tank and a fine sand density adjustment mechanism. The filling tank is filled with fine sand and forms the blind drain body. Multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are arranged from bottom to top in the fine sand. The fine sand density adjustment mechanism includes a horizontally arranged drainage plate. The drainage plate is arranged in an array with several adjustment mechanism bodies, and the drainage plate body, apart from the adjustment mechanism bodies, is densely covered with several drainage holes; the drainage plates are evenly distributed along the direction of the filling groove, and the fine sand is compacted to prevent concrete slurry from seeping into the filling groove.

2. The blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage board includes a drainage board body located in the filling groove and extensions extending to both sides; The adjustment mechanism body is located on the drainage plate body, and the bottom of the extension has a number of downward protruding cylindrical protrusions arranged in an array. A number of drainage holes A are evenly distributed on the extension between adjacent cylindrical protrusions.

3. The blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The regulating mechanism body includes through holes opened on the drainage plate body, and a plurality of drainage holes B are evenly distributed on the drainage plate body between adjacent through holes. The inner diameter of the drainage holes B is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above. A sand-receiving sleeve is connected to the drainage plate body where the lower end of the through hole is located. The inner diameter of the through hole is larger than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body. A rubber plug rod is elastically squeezed and fitted inside the through hole. The rubber plug rod extends axially into the sand-receiving sleeve along the through hole. A circular support plate is provided at the bottom end of the rubber plug rod. A limit ring is fitted between the support plate and the lower end of the through hole and outside the rubber plug rod. The upper end of the limiting ring contacts the bottom end of the drainage plate body, and the lower end contacts the upper end of the support plate. The limiting ring is made of a water-swellable material, and the outer surface of the limiting ring is detached from the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve.

4. The blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the support plate is coaxially provided with an annular baffle. The annular baffle, the support plate, and the rubber plug rod are coaxially arranged. The inner diameter of the annular baffle is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the limiting ring is fitted with the outside of the annular baffle with a gap.

5. A blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the drainage plate body where the through hole is located is coaxially provided with an interface, the interface is provided with external threads, and the top of the inner wall of the sand-receiving sleeve is threadedly connected to the interface. The rubber plug rod includes a rod body, and a plurality of elastic protrusions are evenly spaced on the outer wall of the rod body. The rubber plug rod is squeezed and fitted with the inner wall of the through hole through the elastic protrusions. The adjacent elastic protrusions form a water inlet gap. The size of the water inlet gap is smaller than the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage plate body. After the limiting ring is immersed in water, it expands and pulls the rubber plug rod out of the through hole. At this time, the limiting ring, the rubber plug rod, and the support plate fall to the bottom of the sand-receiving sleeve, the through hole is open, and the fine sand above the drainage board body enters the sand-receiving sleeve.

6. A blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fine sand density adjustment mechanism is arranged in three layers from bottom to top. The three layers of fine sand density adjustment mechanism divide the fine sand in the filling tank into four parts. The particle size of the fine sand in each part increases from top to bottom. The density of the fine sand material in the top layer is 1.4-1.65 g / cm³. The inner diameter of the through hole on each fine sand density adjustment mechanism matches the particle size of the fine sand above the drainage board body.

7. A blind drain drainage structure for building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sand-receiving sleeve is evenly distributed with several first drainage outlets, the bottom end of the sand-receiving sleeve is provided with a circular second drainage outlet, and the bottom end of the support plate is provided with several conical protrusions.

8. The drainage method for a blind drain drainage structure in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 7, characterized in that, include: A backfill soil layer is set at the bottom of the foundation of the underground garage, a cushion layer is set on top of the backfill soil layer, and a concrete base slab is poured on top of the cushion layer; A filling trench is excavated in the subbase layer, so that the bottom part of the filling trench enters the backfill soil layer. One end of the filling trench is connected to the sump of the underground garage or other groundwater discharge pipeline. The filling trench is filled with fine sand to form a blind ditch. Among them, multiple fine sand density adjustment mechanisms are pre-embedded inside the fine sand, so that the drainage board body is located inside the filling trough, and the extension plate is pre-embedded in the backfill soil layer or cushion layer on both sides. The drainage board body divides the fine sand in the filling tank into several parts. The particle size of each part of fine sand increases from top to bottom. The fine sand is fully compacted, and the top layer of fine sand is compacted to prevent concrete slurry from seeping into the filling tank. After the concrete base slab is poured and formed, during drainage, the limiting rings on each layer of drainage board expand when exposed to water, pulling the rubber plug rod out of the through hole, and the fine sand above the drainage board body enters the interior of each evenly distributed sand-receiving sleeve. This allows for density adjustment of each layer of fine sand, ensuring smooth drainage of the blind drain.

9. A drainage method for a blind drain drainage structure in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In the method described above, the water flows through each layer of fine sand, drain hole A, and drain hole B, enters the bottom of the filling tank, and is discharged through the blind ditch. As the particle size of the fine sand increases from top to bottom, the gaps in the blind drain become larger towards the bottom, thus guiding the water flow downwards. At the same time, several cylindrical protrusions at the bottom of the extension plate increase the gap between it and the cushion layer or backfill layer, guiding the water flow into the interior of the blind drain.

10. A drainage method for a blind drain drainage structure in building engineering based on fine sand density adjustment as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In the method described above, after the rubber plug is pulled out of the through hole, the fine sand above the drainage plate body enters the sand-receiving sleeve, and the water flows through the through hole into the sand-receiving sleeve and continues to flow down through the first and second drain ports.

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